• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for manufacturing and assembling a device (1) comprising a first part (2) and at least a second part (3), said first part being made of a first material and said at least one second piece being made of a second material, characterized in that said method further comprises the steps of: providing said at least one second piece (3) and placing it in a negative (5) having the imprint of the first piece (2) and the at least one second assembled piece, said at least one second piece being placed so as to occupy the space corresponding thereto, to be provided with the first material intended to form the first piece (2), the first material being a metal alloy capable of becoming at least partially amorphous; shaping said first material so as to make said first part in the cavity of the negative (5, 50) corresponding to it and so that the first and the at least one second part are integral with each other, said first material having undergone at the latest at the time of said shaping step the treatment enabling it to become at least partially amorphous.
    公开号:CH705420B1
    申请号:CH02877/12
    申请日:2011-06-22
    公开日:2017-03-15
    发明作者:Winkler Yves；Bourban Stewes；Dubach Alban
    申请人:Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to a method of assembling a device comprising a first part and at least a second part, said first part and said at least a second part being arranged to be able to assemble.
    The technical field of the invention is the field of fine mechanics.
    Technological background
    There are many devices that use at least one element made of a fragile material. For example, the world of watchmaking is beginning to use silicon, which is a metalloid used for its magnetic properties and its ability to be insensitive to temperature variations in everyday use. This is why it is used for horological applications, in particular for the regulating organs such as the hairspring or cogs.
    However, silicon has the disadvantage of having a very small plastic domain. Silicon is a fragile material that tends to break when subjected to too much stress.
    However, when a silicon wheel is produced, the latter is intended to be fixed to an axis so as to be set up in the movement of the watch. Fixing this wheel to the axis is performed by different methods.
    A first method is to drive said gear on the axis as for a conventional gear train brass. But the hunting consists of a forced insertion of said axis in the hole of the cog. As silicon is a fragile material, the driving is very difficult because a high stress is applied to the silicon part and this generally causes the parts to break.
    Another method is to use soldering / welding to fix the silicon part to its support. However, this technique is also problematic because to have a chance to weld a ceramic or silicon material, it is necessary to use reactive solders / welds which must be performed at relatively high temperature (generally> 700 ° C) and under a neutral atmosphere or under empty pushed. This results in very long assembly cycles and risks of rupture / cracking of the silicon.
    Moreover, the bonding can also be used but it causes risks of degassing organic compounds harmful to the operation of the movement and can cause aging problems (exposure of ultraviolet glue for skeleton movements).
    Summary of the invention
    The invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art by proposing to provide a method of manufacturing and assembly simple, reliable and accurate.
    For this purpose, the invention relates to the method of manufacture and assembly cited above which is characterized in that it further comprises the following steps:providing said at least one second piece and placing it in a negative having the footprint of the first piece and the at least one second piece assembled, said at least one second piece being placed so as to occupy the space corresponding thereto ,providing the first material for forming the first part, the first material being a metal alloy capable of becoming at least partially amorphous;shaping said first material so as to make said first part in the negative impression corresponding to it and so that the first and the at least one second part are integral with each other, said first material having undergone later at the time of said shaping step the treatment enabling it to become at least partially amorphous.
    A first advantage of the present invention is to allow the realization of the first piece on which the second piece of fragile material is fixed at the same time as the attachment of said second piece to said first piece. This possibility of making the first piece and assembling the first piece with the second piece at the same time is partly due to the properties of the amorphous metal. Indeed, the amorphous metal has the particularity of being able to be shaped at low temperature and under low stresses. However, this shaping under low stresses is ideal for the assembly of a fragile material such as silicon which breaks easily. In addition, the amorphous metals have the ability to soften strongly when heated to a temperature between their glass transition temperature and their crystallization temperature. In this temperature range, these amorphous metals have a viscosity that decreases greatly, the decrease in viscosity being temperature dependent: the higher the temperature, the lower the viscosity. This viscosity allows the amorphous metal to fit into every nook and thus improve fixing while achieving a perfectly precise piece.
    Advantageous embodiments of this method are the subject of dependent claims 2 to 13.
    In a first advantageous embodiment, said first material is subjected to a rise in temperature above its melting temperature allowing it to locally lose any crystalline structure, said rise being followed by cooling to a temperature below its glass transition temperature enabling said fastening material to become at least partially amorphous.
    In a second advantageous embodiment, the shaping step consists in shaping said first material only after having previously converted into an at least partially amorphous preform, said preform then being subjected to a temperature between the glass transition temperature and the crystallization temperature of the fastening material and then a pressure forming operation followed by a cooling operation for said first material to keep an at least partially amorphous nature.
    In a third advantageous embodiment, the shaping step is simultaneous with a treatment rendering said first material at least partially amorphous, by subjecting it to a temperature above its melting temperature followed by a cooling to a temperature below its glass transition temperature enabling it to become at least partially amorphous, during a casting operation.
    In a fourth advantageous embodiment, it further comprises a crystallization step of said first material of heating said first material to a temperature between its glass transition temperature and its melting temperature and to maintain it for a time determined at this temperature so that it at least partially crystallizes and then cooled to room temperature.
    In another advantageous embodiment, the cooling of said first material is performed at a predetermined cooling rate and in that this cooling rate is chosen to allow a determined crystallization rate.
    In another advantageous embodiment, said at least one second piece comprises hooking means at its interface with the first piece so as to improve the connection between the first piece and said at least one second piece.
    In another advantageous embodiment, the hooking means are reliefs in the form of recess and / or protrusion.
    In another advantageous embodiment, said first material is totally amorphous.
    In another advantageous embodiment, said metal alloy comprises at least one metal element of the precious type and selected from the group formed by gold, platinum, palladium, rhenium, ruthenium, rhodium, lime, silver, iridium or osmium.
    In another advantageous embodiment, the second material is a material whose plastic field is not exploitable.
    In another advantageous embodiment, said second material is selected from the group consisting of quartz, ruby, sapphire, glass, silicon, silicon nitride and silicon carbide.
    In another advantageous embodiment, said first piece is an anchor and in that said at least one second piece is a pallet.
    In another advantageous embodiment, said first piece is an axis and in that said at least one second piece is a wheel.
    Brief description of the figures
    The objects, advantages and features of the method according to the present invention will appear more clearly in the following detailed description of at least one embodiment of the invention given solely by way of non-limiting example and illustrated by the accompanying drawings. on which ones:<tb> fig. 1 <SEP> schematically represents a device manufactured with the method according to the invention;<tb> figs. 2 to 7 <SEP> schematically represent the various steps of the method according to a first solution;<tb> figs. 8 to 11 <SEP> schematically represent the different steps of the method according to a second solution;<tb> fig. <SEP> represents a diagram of the steps of the process according to the present invention; and<tb> figs. 13 and 14 <SEP> schematically represent a variant of the device manufactured with the method according to the invention.
    detailed description
    In FIG. 1 is a device comprising a first part 2 and at least a second part 3. This device 1 may be for example a wheel 30 fixed on an axis 20. It is then considered that the first part 2 is the axis 20 and the least one second piece 3 is the wheel 30. This wheel 30 is in the form of a circular piece pierced with a central through hole 33. This circular piece therefore comprises an outer edge 31 on which can be arranged teeth and a inner slice 32 located at the central hole 33. The first piece 2 is made of a first material and the second piece 3 is made of a second material. In the remainder of the description, the device 1 composed of a first part 2 which is an axis 20 and the at least one second part 3 which is a wheel 30, will be taken as an example.
    The second material may be a material conventionally used as steel, brass, aluminum or titanium but it may also be a fragile material. By brittle material is meant a material that has no exploitable plastic domain such as quartz, ruby, sapphire, glass, silicon, silicon nitride and silicon carbide. It is then understood that a piece in such a material is very fragile.
    The wheel 3 is then assembled on the axis 20 so as to form the device.
    Advantageously according to the invention, the axis 20 is made of an at least partially amorphous material comprising at least one metal element such as an at least partially amorphous metal alloy. This metal element may be a precious metal element such as gold, platinum, palladium, rhenium, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, iridium or osmium. It will be understood by at least partially amorphous material that the material is able to solidify at least partially in the amorphous phase, that is to say that it is subjected to a rise in temperature above its melting temperature allowing it to locally lose any crystalline structure, said rise being followed by cooling to a temperature below its glass transition temperature allowing it to become at least partially amorphous This material can then be a metal alloy.
    The use of an amorphous material such as amorphous metal allows to take advantage of its advantageous mechanical characteristics for said axis but also for the manufacturing process and assembly of said device.
    Indeed, the advantage of these amorphous metals comes from the fact that during their manufacture, the atoms that compose them do not arrange according to a particular structure as is the case for crystalline materials. Thus, even if the Young's modulus E, also called modulus of elasticity (expressed generally in GPa) and characterizing its resistance to deformation, of a crystalline metal and an amorphous metal is substantially the same, the elastic limit σe, (generally expressed in GPa) which represents the stress beyond which the material plastically deforms, is different. An amorphous metal then differs by an elastic limit σeAplus higher than that σeCdu crystalline metal by a factor of two to four. As a result, the amorphous metals can undergo a higher stress before reaching the elastic limit σeet and plastically deform.
    If the stress that can be applied before it is plastically deformed is greater for an amorphous metal than for its crystalline counterpart, it becomes possible to reduce the dimensions of the piece made of amorphous metal relative to that of crystalline metal. .
    Furthermore, the amorphous metal is useful for simplifying the manufacturing process and assembly of said device comprising the wheel 30 and the axis 20.
    Indeed, the method of manufacture and assembly of said device comprises a first step of providing a negative 5 whose fingerprint corresponds to that of the device to achieve.
    A second step is then to place the wheel 30 in the negative 5 whose footprint 5a corresponds to that of the device 1 to achieve. The wheel 30 is placed in the space of the footprint 5a which is dedicated to it, which corresponds to it. So we end up with a negative 5 whose footprint 5a is that of the wheel 30 and the axis 20 as they must be assembled. After placing the wheel in the negative 5, only the footprint of the axis 20 remains.
    A third step is to provide the first material capable of solidifying at least partially amorphous phase, that is to say, it is able to lose at least locally its entire crystalline structure and comprising at least one metallic element like amorphous metal.
    In a fourth step, the first material is shaped in the negative 5 to achieve said axis 20 while performing the assembly of the wheel 30 to the axis 20. This first material is shaped in the space of the impression 5a, forming the axis 20, that is to say the space corresponding thereto.
    In a first embodiment shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, the shaping of the first material is carried out by hot forming. This process consists first of all in shaping the first material so that it is in the form of a preform 6 in the amorphous phase as represented in FIG. 4. For this, the first material is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than its melting temperature, thereby becoming liquid. It is then poured into a mold of predefined shape. It is then rapidly cooled so that the atoms composing said material can not be structured and thus be amorphous. The shape of the preform 6 is chosen to be close to the final shape. For example, in the case of the axis 20, the shape of the preform 6 is that of a bar.
    Once the preform 6 made, it is placed on the wheel then the whole is then heated to a temperature between the glass transition temperature and the crystallization temperature of the first material. In this interval, the first material therefore sees its viscosity greatly decrease so that it becomes easily manipulated. A low stress of the order of 1 MPa can therefore be applied to said material to make it fit into the negative footprint. The low viscosity of the amorphous material allows it to fill the cavity well while ensuring that the stress applied to it to operate this filling is too strong. As a result, there is no risk of breaking the wheel 30 of fragile material.
    Once the amorphous metal in the footprint 5a of the negative 5, a fifth cooling step is performed. The cooling is done quickly so that the atoms do not have time to structure allowing the binding material to remain in amorphous form.
    Then, the device thus formed is out of the negative and then we obtain an axis 20 of amorphous metal which is fixed a wheel 30 of fragile material as shown in FIG. 7.
    Another embodiment, shown in FIGS. 8 to 11, consists in using the casting to fill the interstices with the first material. For this, the first material is heated to a temperature equal to or greater than its melting temperature, said material thus becoming liquid. It is then cast in a negative or mold 50, provided with a hole 51 for casting, in which the wheel 30 is previously placed. This casting is performed in order to fill the impression corresponding to said wheel 30. It is then rapidly cooled so that the atoms composing said material can not arrange to form a structure, the absence of a structure allowing said material to be amorphous.
    The advantage of casting an amorphous metal is to allow greater accuracy and greater strength of the cast object. Indeed, the amorphous metals, when cast, have the advantage of having a solidification shrinkage of less than 1% while the casting of their crystalline equivalents has a solidification shrinkage of 5 to 7%. This means that the amorphous material will keep the shape and dimensions of the place where it is poured while a crystalline material will contract.
    In a first variant, there is provided an additional step called sixth step during which the position of the wheel is adjusted. Indeed, for one reason or another, it is possible that the position of the wheel must be modified to be optimal. For this, the zone of the axis 20 where the wheel 30 is fixed and heated until reaching a temperature between the glass transition temperature Tg and the crystallization temperature Tx of the amorphous metal. The second material then has a viscosity that decreases sharply. This drop in viscosity makes it possible to easily modify the position of the first piece 2 relative to the second piece 3, that is to say the position of the wheel 30 with respect to the axis 20.
    In a second variant, there is provided an additional step called seventh step during which the amorphous metal axis 20 is crystallized. This step can be performed after or in place of the sixth step of the first variant. This crystallization is carried out by heating said device to a temperature between the glass transition temperature Tg and the melting temperature of the amorphous metal. The cooling of said first material is carried out at a determined cooling rate, this cooling rate is chosen to allow a determined degree of crystallization. By this is meant that the first material is maintained at a temperature between its glass transition temperature Tg and its melting temperature for a defined time to allow crystallization and then said first material is cooled to room temperature. This sixth step then makes it possible to definitively freeze the position of the second piece 3 with respect to the first piece 2 so that the adjusting step or sixth step is no longer possible.
    In a third variant, it may be provided to increase the attachment between the wheel and the axis. For this, fastening means 8 are arranged at the inner edge 32 of the through hole 33 of the wheel 30 as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14. These attachment means, arranged at the interface between the second part and the first part are in the form of reliefs 9 located on the inner edge of the through hole 33 of the wheel 30 so as to improve the fastening. These reliefs 9 are in the form of projections or recesses. The improvement of the fixation comes from the combination of these reliefs 9 with the characteristics of the amorphous metal whose viscosity decreases sharply, so that it becomes easily manipulated, when heated to a temperature between its temperature glass transition and its crystallization temperature. This allows him to take the shape of the reliefs when formatting. These reliefs 9 thus allow radial and axial retention so that the wheel 30 fixed to the axis 20 can not move.
    It will be understood that various modifications and / or improvements and / or combinations obvious to those skilled in the art can be made to the various embodiments of the invention described above without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the appended claims.
    It may be provided that the first piece 2 is an anchor 29 and the second piece 3 is at least one pallet 39.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    A method of manufacturing and assembling a device (1) comprising a first part (2) and at least a second part (3), said first part being made of a first material and said at least one second part being made of a second material, characterized in that said method further comprises the following steps:- bring said at least one second piece (3) and place it in a negative (5) having the footprint (5a) of the first piece (2) and the at least one second piece assembled, said at least one second piece being placed so as to occupy the space corresponding to it,- To provide the first material for forming the first piece (2), the first material being a metal alloy capable of becoming at least partially amorphous;- Shaping said first material so as to make said first part in the negative impression (5, 50) corresponding to it and so that the first and the at least one second part are integral with one another, said first material having undergone at the latest at the time of said shaping step the treatment enabling it to become at least partially amorphous.
    [2]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said first material is subjected to a rise in temperature above its melting temperature allowing it to lose locally any crystalline structure, said rise being followed by cooling to a temperature less than its glass transition temperature allowing said first material to become at least partially amorphous.
    [3]
    3. Method according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the shaping step consists in shaping said first material only after having previously transformed into an at least partially amorphous preform (6), said preform being then subjected to a temperature between the glass transition temperature and the crystallization temperature of the first material and then to a pressure forming operation followed by a cooling operation allowing said first material to keep an at least partially amorphous nature.
    [4]
    4. Method according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the shaping step is simultaneous with a treatment rendering said first material at least partially amorphous, by subjecting it to a temperature above its melting temperature followed by cooling to a temperature below its glass transition temperature allowing it to become at least partially amorphous, during a casting operation.
    [5]
    5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises, after the shaping step, a crystallization step of said first material of heating said first material to a temperature between its temperature glass transition and its melting temperature and maintain it for a given time at this temperature so that it crystallizes at least partially, and then cool to room temperature.
    [6]
    6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said at least one second piece (3) comprises hooking means (8) at its interface with the first piece (2) so as to improve the interlocking between the first piece and said at least one second piece.
    [7]
    7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the hooking means (8) are reliefs (9) in the form of recesses and / or projections.
    [8]
    8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said first material is totally amorphous.
    [9]
    9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said metal alloy comprises at least one metal element of the precious type and selected from the group consisting of gold, platinum, palladium, rhenium, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, iridium and osmium.
    [10]
    10. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second material is a material whose plastic field is not exploitable for assembly by force or hunting.
    [11]
    11. The method of claim 10, characterized in that said second material is selected from the group consisting of quartz, ruby, sapphire, glass, silicon, silicon nitride and silicon carbide.
    [12]
    12. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said first piece (2) is an anchor (29) and in that said at least one second piece (3) is a pallet (39).
    [13]
    13. Method according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that said first part (2) is an axis (20) and in that said at least one second part (3) is a wheel (30).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN102959478A|2013-03-06|
    US20130167981A1|2013-07-04|
    JP5555375B2|2014-07-23|
    JP2013535012A|2013-09-09|
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    CN103003758B|2015-08-12|
    US20130145811A1|2013-06-13|
    EP2585878A1|2013-05-01|
    CN103003758A|2013-03-27|
    WO2011161192A1|2011-12-29|
    US9529333B2|2016-12-27|
    HK1181472A1|2013-11-08|
    KR20130020905A|2013-03-04|
    CN102959478B|2017-09-08|
    WO2011161181A1|2011-12-29|
    KR101457289B1|2014-11-04|
    EP2585877B1|2019-01-02|
    US9599965B2|2017-03-21|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH10222010|2010-06-22|
    CH10202010|2010-06-22|
    PCT/EP2011/060482|WO2011161181A1|2010-06-22|2011-06-22|Assembly of parts made of fragile material|
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