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    • 专利摘要:
    the present invention provides a method of operating user equipment, the device u in communication with a non-terrestrial communication system comprising a plurality of transmission points, the method comprising in the device u triggering a transmission of a measurement report dependent on a measurement by the device u and a received signal parameter (1) of a signal received from a system transmission point and a comparison of the measured parameter with a limit (2), the limit varies according to a dependent predetermined function of an expected position of the eu device in relation to the transmission point.
    公开号:BR112020016607A2
    申请号:R112020016607-3
    申请日:2019-03-08
    公开日:2020-12-15
    发明作者:Andreas Schmidt；Martin Hans；Maik Bienas
    申请人:Ipcom Gmbh & Co. Kg；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] [0001] The present invention relates to the triggering of measurement reports in a non-terrestrial communication system, such as a satellite communication system.
    [0002] [0002] Satellite or telephone satellite communication systems are well known. An example is Iridium's telephone and data communication system.
    [0003] [0003] Iridium uses satellites with low Earth orbit (LEO) with six orbits and 11 satellites per orbit. The satellites have a height of 781 km and an orbital period of about 100 minutes, which results in the time between two neighboring satellites in the same orbit passing the same point on the ground in about nine minutes.
    [0004] [0004] Currently, the next generation of mobile communication standards (5G) is being defined by 3GPP. It will define a network architecture for a main network (5GC) and a new radio access network (NR). In addition, access to 5GC is provided from non-3GPP access networks. For general details of NR and 5GC, we refer to the description in previous inventions.
    [0005] [0005] In 2017, a new activity started at 3GPP to include support for non-terrestrial access networks (NTN) in NR. A new study was proposed in 3GPP Tdoc RP-171450, in which NTNs are defined as networks or segments of networks, using an air or space vehicle for transmission:
    [0006] [0006] Space vehicles: satellites (including satellites with low earth orbit (LEO), satellites with medium earth orbit (MEO)), satellites with geostationary earth orbit (GEO), as well as satellites with highly elliptical orbit (HEO))
    [0007] [0007] Air vehicles: high altitude UAS platforms (HAPs) covering unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), including trapped UAS and lighter than air (LTA), UAS heavier than air (HTA), all operating at altitudes typically between 8 and 50 km, almost stationary.
    [0008] [0008] The stated objective is to incorporate NTN support into NR. Therefore, it is not proposed to allow known satellite communication technologies similar to Iridium to access 5GC. It is proposed to include necessary improvements in the NR standard currently developed to allow operation on the non-land vehicles described above.
    [0009] [0009] This objective opens up a wide range of innovations necessary to enable efficient communication between a UE and an NTN base station or an NTN transceiver.
    [0010] [0010] The most likely deployment model for base stations or NTN NR transceivers are near stationary HAPs and LEO satellites (LEOs). This invention improves the incorporation of LEOs, MEOs and HEOs in NR.
    [0011] [0011] A deployment model could be that LEOs are operated by a satellite operator that offers its NTN access to mobile network operators (MNOs) as a shared radio network access, as defined by 3GPP since 3G. The shared NTN RAN would complement the MNO's land RAN. Each satellite can contribute to the shared RAN in its current coverage area, so that a shared RAN used by a specific MNO is offered by several satellites, changing dynamically as the satellites make their way through orbit.
    [0012] [0012] For NTN deployments in general, there are two architectural alternatives: either the satellite constitutes a base station with all the intelligence typical of the base station. In this deployment, the base station is connected to an earth station via satellite connection, the earth station connecting the satellite to the respective main network;
    [0013] [0013] For the present invention, we use the model with a satellite that comprises the base station, if not mentioned otherwise. This is only to facilitate readability and should not cause loss of generality. The ideas of this invention are also valid for the implantation of a bent pipe.
    [0014] [0014] From the current NR standardization activities, a flexible parameterization is known for the physical layer, that is, in a single carrier, at the same time, multiple transmission time interval lengths (TTI) or spacing values different subcarrier can be used, potentially even by a single UE.
    [0015] [0015] In this context, the idea of parts of bandwidth is being discussed in 3GPP. A portion of bandwidth can be formed within a given carrier, grouping elements of physical resources contiguously arranged in the domain of time and / or frequency. Each part of the bandwidth can be configured with a different numerology, for example, in terms of spacing between subcarriers, cyclic prefix, width (in the frequency domain), length (in the time domain) and so on. In addition, the allocation of the physical resources of the bandwidth part to physical channels (used to carry data received or destined for higher layers) and physical signals (information printed or evaluated directly on the physical layer, as reference signals for making measurements ) may vary from one part of the bandwidth to another. In the future, there may be more than one piece of bandwidth per carrier, each with a different numerology and / or different physical resource assignments and UEs can be configured to switch between one or more parts of bandwidth during the operation within a given carrier. Two or more parts of the bandwidth may overlap in some scenarios in the domain of time and / or frequency.
    [0016] [0016] However, an automatic transition between physical layer parameters and / or parts of bandwidth based on expected changes in the connection is not known or expected.
    [0017] [0017] For base stations in cellular communication systems to decide on the best cell and the best base station to serve a UE and to decide on candidate cells and the time for delivery, carrier aggregation and connections of multiple cells, one station base provides UE measurement settings. This configuration comprises values to be measured, limits to be compared with measured values, details of the measurement report, such as trigger points and values to be included in the measurement reports.
    [0018] [0018] Typical values to be measured are the intensity of the received signal (RSS, for example, the RSRP value as defined in LTE) from the server cell, the primary and / or secondary cells (in the case of applied carrier aggregation) and neighboring cells. This received signal strength is the measured signal strength of a pre-known reference signal transmitted by the base station typically without additional modulation or coding with a fixed or predetermined transmit power to allow for significant measurement on the receiving side.
    [0019] [0019] In the case of LTE, three reporting criteria can be configured: reports triggered by events, periodic reports, and periodic reports triggered by events.
    [0020] [0020] Typical triggers for reporting based on LTE events based on threshold comparison are as follows, similar to most cellular communication standards: Event A1 (placement becomes better than threshold)
    [0021] [0021] Typical reporting triggers in LTE based on the comparison of two or more measures are as follows: Event A3 (neighbor is better compensated than PCell / PSCell) Event A6 (neighbor is better compensated than SCell) Event C2 (CSI-RS resource is displaced better than CSI-RS reference resource)
    [0022] [0022] In addition, LTE allows the configuration of periodic measurement reports. This can be used, for example, in the context of automatic neighboring relationship (ANR) functionality to allow a UE to regularly report (identifiers) on its strongest neighboring cells.
    [0023] [0023] It is clear from the above that the comparison of a measurement sample according to the prior art is made with a fixed configured limit or with other measurement samples.
    [0024] [0024] An example of using events A1, A2 and A4 and / or B1 is as follows: A base station configures a UE with a measurement event A2 and none of A1, A4 and B1. As long as the receiving signal from the service base station is good enough, no measurement report will be sent.
    [0025] [0025] When criteria A2 are met, a measurement report will be sent from the UE to the base station and the base station can reconfigure the UE with measurements from neighboring cells A4 and B1 including measurement intervals that may be required by the UE to perform measurements of neighboring cells and that will require radio resources and therefore decrease efficiency. In addition, the base station can configure event A1 to detect when the service base station is up and running, and when A1 triggers a report, eliminate A4, B1 and measurement gaps and thereby raise efficiency to its previous level .
    [0026] [0026] In standby mode, a UE autonomously selects a cell for camping, that is, a cell in which the UE listens for paging messages and from which the UE requests a connection configuration, if necessary. The UE is typically configured with a list of cells to be measured (list of neighboring cells), while the UE can search and autonomously detect other candidate cells based on the information stored and depending on the implementation of the UE. The UE generally performs measurements of neighboring cells as soon as the RSS of the server cell falls below a threshold.
    [0027] [0027] US No. 2011/0195708 A1 describes a measurement setup comprising measurement instructions that require the UE to perform RSS measurements of neighboring cells or send measurement reports depending on the status of a neighboring cell. The measurement report is therefore not only dependent on the measured value itself (as in the prior art of the usual cellular communication systems), but also on additional information received while the measurement configuration has already been applied. This document does not describe any measurement configuration dependent on time or a relative position of a satellite, nor does it describe a variable limit (ie variable in time) or displacement values to trigger measurement reports.
    [0028] [0028] Document No. WO 2013/115696 A1 describes a method for performing cell measurements in which the limits are used for a service cell and a neighboring cell with a determination of the limits based on a monitored cell load. As a UE changes its position, the signal strength changes over time, but no prediction of a signal strength value is derived as a result of a known function in time variation.
    [0029] [0029] Document No. WO 2017/189862 describes the transfer in a satellite communication system. A user terminal can request transfer information from a terrestrial network, including transfer time to a specific satellite.
    [0030] [0030] For satellite connections to a 5GC in an NR structure, the loss of path and therefore the connection quality of a UE-satellite connection follows a predetermined increase and degradation as the satellite flies over an UE along its orbit. For a flat angle of the EU-satellite line on the horizon, the quality of the connection may suffer a greater distance between the EU and the satellite, comprising a long path through the troposphere with a high absorption rate. In areas with a steeper angle, the distance is shorter and the absorption rate is lower, so the quality of the connection is increased.
    [0031] [0031] During a passage of a satellite serving a terrestrial UE, changes above the quality of the connection are known or predetermined, that is, there is no reason to measure these effects and trigger the resulting measurement reports. The changes are also periodic, as generally a UE with a communication connection via LEO satellites is served consecutively by several satellites flying over the UE along the same relative orbit exactly the same or similar. The orbits may be similar and not exactly the same between satellites, due to the decline of the axis of rotation against the polar axis, but the effect is essentially insignificant and, therefore, is ignored in this specification.
    [0032] [0032] It is not known to provide any means for the configuration of the measurement, measurement performance and measurement reports that are adapted to the predetermined changes of the connection in the long term. In addition, the provision of means to deal with efficient measurement and reporting mechanisms for predetermined periodic changes to the connection is not known.
    [0033] [0033] It is an objective of this invention to provide a measurement regime for cellular communication UEs that is optimized for measurements of satellite base stations or satellite transceiver stations connecting UEs to terrestrial base stations.
    [0034] [0034] In the following, the term "terrestrial UE" means an UE that is on the ground and stationary or that is close to the ground and almost stationary in relation to its distance from a satellite and in relation to the speed of the satellite. That is, an airplane traveling at a typical height of about 10 km and a speed of up to 1000 km / h is also considered a terrestrial UE.
    [0035] [0035] The present invention provides a method of operating a user equipment, UE device in communication with a non-terrestrial communication system comprising a plurality of transmission points, the method comprising in the UE device triggering a transmission of a report measurement dependent on a measurement by the UE device of a signal parameter received from a signal received from a transmission point of the system and a comparison of the measured parameter with a limit, the limit varies according to a predetermined function dependent on an expected position of the UE device in relation to the transmission point.
    [0036] [0036] While in a preferred example, a satellite-based communication system is referred to, unless otherwise apparent, the invention is not so limited. A network transmission point can be in the form of a satellite or an aerial transceiver.
    [0037] [0037] One aspect of the invention is a measurement report that triggers the sending of measurement reports by the UE based on variable limits, where the limits are defined or configured so that they follow a known or predetermined change corresponding to a trajectory of a satellite flying over the UE.
    [0038] [0038] In this respect, there is a configuration of such measurement report in a UE by a base station that defines characteristics of predetermined changes of a satellite-UE connection. The characteristics are provided to the UE in one or more measurement configuration messages as a description of a function, as an indicator of one of the multiple predetermined candidate functions, as parameters for a predetermined function or as any combination thereof.
    [0039] [0039] The function thus described can be applied to a limit value before comparison with a measured value. Alternatively, the function described above can be applied to a measured value before comparison with a configured limit.
    [0040] [0040] Another aspect of the invention is a measurement report that triggers the sending of measurement reports by the UE based on the comparison of multiple measurement values of signals from different satellites, in which different characteristics are applied to measurements from different satellites before comparing the resulting values. This allows measurements from different satellites to be adapted, for example, normalized, with respect to their respective trajectory in relation to the UE before being compared.
    [0041] [0041] An alternative or additional variation of this aspect is the comparison of two measurement values from different satellites using an offset, for example, as in measurements A3, A6 and C2 described above. The variation configures the displacement dynamically along predetermined characteristics configured as a function or parameters. The definition of a dynamic displacement allows, for example, the adaptation of a measurement comparison between satellites to increase the probability of transfer to satellites for which a short-term increase in connection quality can be expected or that are in a preferred orbit .
    [0042] [0042] Another aspect of the invention is a variable configuration of physical signals to perform measurements on (reference) signals based on predetermined changes to an EU-satellite connection (for example, in the context of the bandwidth portion concept described above ).
    [0043] [0043] Another additional aspect of the invention is related to the determination of limit or displacement parameters applied in a combination of three stages: first, there is a general configuration of measurements based on the stages of a flight path through the base station, that is, an independent configuration of a current stage of a satellite in relation to a UE; second, a determination of a position of a specific satellite in relation to the UE, that is, a current stage of the satellite is determined in the second stage; thirdly, an application in the UE of measurement parameters configured based on the general configuration and the current stage of the satellite.
    [0044] [0044] According to this aspect, in a first stage, the base station can configure characteristics of a predetermined change of a connection in relation to a predetermined stage that is not necessarily the current stage of the satellite-EU connection at the moment when the setting happens. In simple words, the base station sets up connection characteristics at different times of the passage of a satellite, where the different times are relative to a start time that can correspond to a certain angle of departure of the EU-satellite line on the horizon or a similar virtual starting point.
    [0045] [0045] The second step is the determination of a point in the flight path of a satellite in relation to an UE in which the satellite is currently present. In other words, this aspect provides a means of determining a satellite's current stage in relation to the UE that is related to a satellite-UE connection stage.
    [0046] [0046] The estimate for the second stage can be made using internal measurements of the UE, for example, changes in connection over time, Doppler frequency or changes in this, angle of arrival or changes in this, comparison of measurements between different satellites, etc. . The estimate can also take time into account, for example, based on a known start time for defining characteristics. The estimate can also be calculated from the geographical position of the UE, for example, the GPS coordinates, and the knowledge of the orbits and movements of the satellites. The estimate can also take into account the information transmitted by the satellite, for example, its position, the current time or the positions of neighboring satellites.
    [0047] [0047] The estimation of the actual position can be carried out by the UE autonomously, or the base station can, after providing the characteristics in the generic manner mentioned above, determine the current position of the satellite in its flight path in relation to the UE and provide information to the HUH.
    [0048] [0048] The current stage is used in a third step to determine the parameters or functions actually applied for comparing a measured value with a limit or comparing two measured values from different satellites.
    [0049] [0049] Another aspect of the invention is a recurring application of the connection characteristics configured for measurements in recurrent flyover periods from different satellites along (basically) the same trajectory. That is, the measurement configuration remains valid for several periods of satellites serving a UE. This aspect can be advantageously combined with the previous aspect of defining characteristics in a generic way. After a transfer, the base station, for example, the target base station on the target satellite, can simply provide its current estimated position relative to the UE so that the UE can apply the previously received measurement configuration, now aligned with the satellite's trajectory. target. Alternatively, the UE may, after the transfer,
    [0050] [0050] The above aspect can also be combined with multiple different generic characteristics being configured by the base station for the UE, for example, each generic characteristic related to satellites of a specific orbit. Considering that a UE is served alternately by satellites from two different neighboring orbits, for each orbit there may be generic characteristics configured. After a transfer, the target base station can provide its current estimated position in relation to the UE, including an indication of which of the configured characteristics should be applied by the UE, that is, in which orbit the satellite is. Again, alternatively, the estimation of a current position and potentially also the orbit a satellite is in can be done by the UE autonomously to determine the measurement characteristics to be applied.
    [0051] [0051] An additional aspect of this invention is a deferred measurement configuration based on the variable measurements described above. This aspect proposes that a base station can configure the first measurements and the first measurement report criteria with varying limits or compensations and the second measurements and the second measurement report criteria that are postponed. The second measurements and reporting criteria are configured together with time information so that the UE performs these measurements and reports only from the respective time in the time provided by the time information onwards. Second measurements can be aligned to the measurement gaps in the UL and / or DL direction to allow a UE to take measurements. The intervals can be present in the DL, that is, the base station can stop the transmission of the DL, only from the indicated moment, that is, the measurement intervals of the DL are postponed according to the measurements themselves. Besides that,
    [0052] [0052] This aspect allows a base station to configure measurements based on variable limits or compensations, so that the base station is informed about the deviation of the satellite-EU connection from an expected progression. In addition, the base station configures, for example, the measurements of neighboring cells and the respective gaps at the moment, when the connection is expected to worsen below a certain limit. With this configuration, the UE will initiate measurements of neighboring cells and use intervals autonomously and the base station can rely on the UE to report unexpected changes to allow a change in measurements, intervals and / or other settings.
    [0053] [0053] With this measurement configuration, it is possible to save radio resources, as well as computational resources in the UE and at the base station for performance and measurement reporting, while ensuring that the base station is permanently informed about the quality of the measurement. respective connection. Clearly, if all changes in connection characteristics follow the expected path, information about the quality of the connection will be derived implicitly by the base station from the absence of measurement reports.
    [0054] [0054] Another additional aspect of this invention is that a base station sets up a time-varying periodic measurement report. The base station can change the amount of measurement sample to be collected and / or the frequency of measurement reports between different stages, for example, more often in problematic stages and less often during ideal conditions, thereby reducing the overall number of sample samples. measurement to be collected and / or measurement reports to be sent.
    [0055] [0055] Another related aspect is an autonomous transfer triggered at the base station without triggering a measurement report simply based on the knowledge implicitly derived at the base station, when a neighboring cell is expected to be better than a serving cell and no measurement report was received that informs about unexpected situations. This can be triggered purely by time, that is, the base station sets a timer and, when the timer expires, the transfer is initiated. Receiving a UE measurement report while the timer is running can change, reset or stop the timer, depending on the measurements provided.
    [0056] [0056] Similarly, the base station can also use this mechanism for carrier aggregation or dual connectivity scenarios. In both carrier aggregation and dual connectivity, connecting the UE to the network constitutes several operators in parallel. In operator aggregation, multiple operators generally connect the UE to the same base station or to two base stations with a low latency connection (fiber or the same host machine). In dual connectivity, operators connect the UE to a different base station with a non-ideal connection, which can be used for an UE connection with two satellites in parallel. In this case, one satellite covers the main cell, the other (or others) covers the secondary cell (s). The base station may, according to this invention, depend on measurements from the UE to be informed of unexpected signal strengths and thus add or release secondary carriers based on a timer and in the absence of measurement reports.
    [0057] [0057] A base station can, for example, announce a carrier for a connection that is already configured for a first satellite, where the new carrier is for a second satellite. The addition may be based on the knowledge that the second satellite will be in range and with sufficient connection quality at any given time, provided the UE does not provide a measurement report indicating the opposite. Likewise, the base station can release carriers for second satellites in parallel to a first connection to a first satellite based on knowledge of the satellite's trajectory and the corresponding connection changes.
    [0058] [0058] The base station can also, as an alternative to the aspect described above, configure the UE to add or release operators to a connection based on time, where the point in time for adding or releasing operator is determined by the base station based on a determined relative pre-movement from the satellite to a UE. The UE will add or release carriers at the configured time without additional triggers, such as a reconfiguration from the base station. The base station will synchronously add or release carriers so that the transmitter and receiver are synchronized. The UE can be configured to avoid using an additional carrier configured based on the measured values and, instead, transmit a measurement report to inform the base station of the situation.
    [0059] [0059] Another aspect of the present invention is a use of the above aspects in the UE when the UE autonomously performs measurements of neighboring cells for the new selection of cells, for example, in idle mode. The UE can be configured to perform measurements for cell reselection, that is, satellite reselection, only when the candidate satellites are expected to be within reach. Otherwise, the UE can save resources by omitting measurements, that is, omitting to search for a neighboring cell that is known to be missing, even if the RSS of the satellite in which the UE is currently camped triggers this search and the respective measurements according to arrangements known.
    [0060] [0060] Preferred modalities of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the attached figures, in which
    [0061] [0061] Fig. 1 illustrates a change in the relative position between a UE and a satellite in orbit;
    [0062] [0062] Fig. 2 illustrates a satellite system with multiple satellites in multiple orbits;
    [0063] [0063] Fig. 3 shows a variation with time of a measured signal strength and a variable limit;
    [0064] [0064] Fig. 4 illustrates a UE that receives a reconfiguration message after the signal strength falls below the limit;
    [0065] [0065] Fig. 5 illustrates measurements made at a service station and at a neighboring station;
    [0066] [0066] Fig. 6 illustrates the Doppler effect in connection with satellite communication;
    [0067] [0067] Fig. 7 illustrates an algorithm for determining a position estimate;
    [0068] [0068] Fig. 8 illustrates a use of Doppler shift to determine a position;
    [0069] [0069] Fig. 9 shows an algorithm for determining the position and measurement configuration for a single satellite; and
    [0070] [0070] Fig. 10 illustrates how a measurement frequency can change with the position of the satellite.
    [0071] [0071] Fig. 1 shows an example of a radio access network based on LEO satellites. The figure shows two satellites (SATn, m and SATn, m + 1), where the index m iterates the satellites in the same orbit (Orbit n). For example, two typical distances for LEO satellites are referenced in Fig. 1: the height of the satellites on the ground (781 km) and the typical distance of a satellite that becomes visible by a point on the ground at approximately 10 ° on the horizon ( 2050km).
    [0072] [0072] In the example configuration, the time between a satellite that appears on the horizon and the same satellite that disappears on the opposite side is nine minutes. It is evident in Fig. 1 that the connection between a terrestrial UE and a satellite changes significantly in the loss of path and latency within those nine minutes in an essentially predictable manner.
    [0073] [0073] Fig. 2 shows an example of a similar configuration with two orbits (Orbitan and Orbitan + 1), in which the index n iterates all the orbits that a satellite radio access network can comprise, for example, typically six . In each orbit, only two satellites are shown (index m and m + 1, respectively), where normally 11 satellites are present in 360 °. The nearest satellites in neighboring orbits can be displaced half the distance from the satellite in one orbit, so that the UEs that reside on the ground at a point between the orbit planes can be served by alternating orbit satellites.
    [0074] [0074] The configuration of Figs. 1 and 2 is an example similar to a LEO satellite-based system currently deployed. The present invention is also relevant for other configurations with different numbers of satellites, different numbers of orbits, different orbit inclinations, different altitudes and satellite speeds, etc.
    [0075] [0075] Fig. 3 shows a diagram showing an example for an expected received signal strength (RSS) in dBm over time in seconds during a single satellite pass (nine minutes), shown as a solid line 1 The figure assumes a geometry according to Fig. 1 and the following formula for RSS (dBme). dBme = dBm0 - 10 n log10 (r / R), where r is the current distance from the UE satellite according to the geometry in Fig. 1, R = 2050km is the maximum EU-satellite distance with the maintained communication connection, n = 3 is the exponent of path loss (n = 2 is a vacuum LOS, n = 4 is a typical urban environment) dBm0 is the minimum RSS detectable by a typical UE, defined as - 113dBm.
    [0076] [0076] A UE can be configured by a base station to measure the strength of the received signal (RSS) from a connection between the UE and a satellite serving the UE. Due to the known characteristics of the satellite's movement, that is, orbit and position on it, the RSS can be expected to change as shown in Fig. 3, solid line 1. According to this invention, the base station can configure a reporting event based on a threshold whose threshold is set to change over time, as shown in Fig. 3, with the lower dashed line 2. With this threshold setting, the base station ensures that it is informed whenever the RSS measured to deviate significantly from the expected value.
    [0077] [0077] The deviation that triggers the measurement report event can be configured as a fixed offset above or below the expected value (absolute value), a percentage above or below (relative value) or a combination of them. Alternatively, a stepwise definition can be applied, that is, a fixed or fractional offset valid for a specific time is applied, after which a different fixed or fractional offset is valid.
    [0078] [0078] In the current example, the base station may be interested in an unexpected decrease in the current EU-satellite connection, therefore, according to Fig. 3, the 2dBm lower limit than expected can be configured. As a result, the UE would send a measurement report when the measured RSS falls below a measured value 2dBm below the expected value.
    [0079] [0079] The measured RSS can be smoothed by the UE by any known methods, that is, by averaging several successive measurements. This is useful to prevent a report from being triggered, caused by a degradation of the signal in a short time, such as rapid fading, dispersion or other environmental effects. Even the suffocating function can be parameterized so that the time varies according to a predefined variation or configured following the trajectory of a satellite.
    [0080] [0080] For the configuration of the variable limit by the base station for the UE, multiple possible alternative mechanisms can be applied only or in combinations.
    [0081] [0081] A predefined function can be implemented in the UE and known by the base station, for example dBm-th (t) = dBm0 –10 n / 2 log10 (a - b cos (t * j)), with dBm0, n, a, b and j being configured by the base station, and t being the time between the reference time t0 and the current time.
    [0082] [0082] The reference time t0 can be the time of receiving a configuration message from the base station or a fixed relative start time for an overview of the expected RSS.
    [0083] [0083] Any of the constants above can be fixed, for example, in a standards document, or configured, as described above, or can be transmitted by the satellite or by any satellite of the access network through satellite radio. The function used in the UE can be similar or different from the example above and more or less parameters can be used by a base station to configure the UE. In an alternative example, the main parameters can be fixed or transmitted and only one or two additional parameters that describe the individual expected RSS curve, depending on the position of the UE, are configured by the base station. In yet another alternative, the main parameters are fixed or transmitted and the UE calculates an individual curve progression from its own position in relation to the satellite. In yet another alternative, the UE is provided with a function identifier for the UE to select a predefined function from a set of functions.
    [0084] [0084] In the example in Fig. 3, the measured RSS may never deviate significantly from the expected value, so that the base station knows the progression of the RSS and, therefore, the characteristics of the EU-satellite connection implicitly. If, for example, the base station needs to reconfigure the connection to a higher data rate as soon as the RSS exceeds the -106dBm limit, the base station can assume that this occurs at about t = 140s without the need to change any measurement report with the UE. This is a great advantage over the prior art, since any significant fixed limit value, known from the prior art, would be exceeded at some point as a result of the expected progression of RSS with the sending of a measurement report and the need for a reconfiguration of the measurement. The measurement report, however, would mainly report the obvious.
    [0085] [0085] Fig. 4 shows a different example of a similar configuration and initial configuration, as described with reference to Fig. 3. A UE can be configured to measure the RSS of your service satellite and trigger measurement reports whenever the measured value falls below the variable limit shown on the dashed lines 12. The measured value shown with a solid line 11 can progress for about 320s without significant deviation from the expected values (dotted line). Then, the measured value decreases more quickly than expected and falls in a treconf1 time below the configured limit. At that time, the UE will, according to its reporting criteria, generate a measurement report including the measured value and transmit the report to the base station.
    [0086] [0086] The measurement report can trigger the base station to reconfigure the UE measurement report, for example, with measurements of neighboring cells (neighboring satellite), including information on candidate satellites to be measured and measurement gaps that allow the UE to perform measurements of neighboring cells. In addition, the base station can configure a new event and threshold to serve satellite measurements, so that the UE reports when the RSS of the satellite serving exceeds a threshold according to dashed line 13 in Fig. 4.
    [0087] [0087] During the next 80 seconds, the UE performs the configured measurements, using the necessary resources, for example, radio resources for measurement intervals and time to adjust the RF again. At some point, treconf2 later, the measured measurement satellite RSS may have reached the limit to report good connection quality and the base station can reconfigure the measurement criteria of the UE, eliminating the need to measure neighboring satellites including the respective gaps and setting a lower dynamic limit (dashed line 14) for RSS reporting below that limit.
    [0088] [0088] As clearly visible in Fig. 4, the invention's steps of providing a dynamic change limit allow for efficient and effective measurement reports without reporting the obvious changes to an EU-satellite connection.
    [0089] [0089] Assuming that a transfer occurs to the UE on a target satellite with the same expected trajectory, the same configuration can remain valid, it is simply reset during the transfer to restart from the beginning of the situation shown in Fig. 4 or to a point in time that represents the current stage of the connection between the UE and the target satellite after the transfer (more on how to estimate that point below).
    [0090] [0090] Fig. 5 represents a graph similar to Fig. 4, showing the expected progression of a signal strength received in a UE over time for a service satellite 21. In addition, Fig. 5 shows the RSS expected from a neighboring satellite, for example, a satellite in a nearby orbit 23. According to the aspect already described above, the base station can configure the UE with a measurement event based on the service satellite's RSS to fall below a limit, the limit progressing over a known or configured function 22, so that the base station can take the absence of a measurement report to indicate an expected RSS.
    [0091] [0091] According to one aspect of this invention, the service base station can configure a UE to measure a neighboring satellite and compare the measured RSS of the service and the neighboring satellite. The start of this measurement of the neighboring cell can, as shown in Fig. 5, be postponed to a point in time when the base station expects the measurement to make sense. In the example, the UE can be configured to start measurements of neighboring cells at approximately the time when the quality of the connection to the service satellite is expected to peak. Note that the UE configuration must be done at an earlier point, for example, around t = 0s in Fig. 5 or within a previous overflight period, so that the measurement of the neighboring cell is postponed in time accordingly. with an innovative aspect of this invention.
    [0092] [0092] The measurement of the postponed neighboring cell can be accompanied by a measurement interval configuration also postponed to the same point in time, so that the respective measurements can be performed by the UE without reconfiguration.
    [0093] [0093] The comparison of the server cell and the neighbor cell can be configured so that a report is sent by the UE if the RSS of the server base station falls by a displacement under the RSS of the neighbor cell. Assuming that, in an example situation, the neighboring cell is measured as expected, solid line 23, the reporting criteria would verify that the attendance cell's RSS falls under the curve shown in the figure as a dashed line 24.
    [0094] [0094] The expected progression of the service cell and neighbor cell intersect at a time indicated by tHO-expected in Fig. 5. Around that time, the base station can trigger a transfer because the connection to the neighbor cell is better than than for the service satellite. As an objective of this invention is to eliminate the need to transmit measurement reports reporting the obvious by the UE, the measurement criterion based on the RSS of the service cell that falls by a shift under the neighboring cell can be eliminated. This elimination of the measurement criterion is already configured at the moment, when the measurement of the neighboring cell is configured, that is, a measurement configuration varying over time has been configured. In this example, changes to the measurement configuration can be triggered over time. In other examples, any type of measurement can lead to a change in the applied configuration, that is,
    [0095] [0095] An additional measurement report criterion can be configured by the base station, so that its application is postponed by the UE until the time after the transfer is delivered. For example, as shown in Fig. 5, the base station can request the UE to report, from that moment, until a transfer actually occurs, any situation in which the service cell is received better than the neighbor cell for a second displacement. Curve 25 in Fig. 5 shows the sum of the RSS of the neighboring cell and the respective second displacement. That is, from the moment that the neighboring satellite can be expected to offer a better connection, the unexpected opposite is reported by the UE (if this happens). This is for the situation where a transfer has not yet taken place and the neighboring satellite falls by the second displacement under the service cell, so that the actual transfer can still be delayed by the base station.
    [0096] [0096] In other words, in this example of the modality of the present invention, the measurement report is configured to ensure that only unexpected measures are reported. As long as the service cell is the best cell, measurement reports are triggered by the service cell's RSS that falls through a shift in the neighboring cell. As soon as the neighboring cell is expected to be the best cell, the measurement report is changed to be triggered when the RSS of the neighboring cell drops by an offset in the service cell.
    [0097] [0097] The point in time that changes the measurement configuration applied is the expected delivery point. However, the actual transfer point is a decision of the base station that can be influenced by other parameters, for example, occupation of neighboring cells, available radio resources and computational resources of the base stations to trigger and execute the transfer. Thus, the point in time of a transfer can vary and therefore the autonomous change of the measurement configuration in the UE increases the measurement efficiency and can increase the transfer performance in the event of an unexpected event and the neighboring cell does not become the best cell at the expected point in time. The moment when the applied measurement configuration is changed is defined by the base station and can, for example, be prior to the expected transfer or at the predicted crossing point of the two RSS curves, but the actual transfer is planned by the base station to be a short one period of time later to ensure sufficient signal quality from the neighboring cell. In all of these cases, the invention provides a means to apply efficient measurement reports with minimal signaling.
    [0098] [0098] When the transfer actually happens, that is, when the base station is triggered by means of a transfer message, for example, a transfer command message, the UE changes to the destination satellite, the measurement configuration can be easily reset by the destination source or base station or by the UE autonomously to the new relative state of the target satellite, for example, to a point after HO in Fig.
    [0099] [0099] A modality of another aspect of the present invention is depicted in Fig. 10. The base station can configure the periodic measurement reports in a UE, the periodicity or the number of measurement samples collected per unit of time can be configured to vary over time. In the example in Fig. 10, two configurations can be provided to the UE, one to be applied during the expected low quality of the connection in the first time intervals 0s <t170s and 370st540s and the other during a second time interval 170st370s with the expected connection quality. During the first time intervals (dashed line), the configuration may require the UE to transmit a measurement report comprising RSS measurements of the service cell every second, while during the second time interval (solid line), the UE can be required to send only one report every three seconds.
    [0100] [0100] Another important aspect of this invention is the application of current and future measurement configurations by a UE based on a generic measurement configuration for a satellite's predicted overflight period and an estimate of a satellite's current relative position in the HUH. Both configuration and estimation allow the UE to apply the correct current measurement configuration parameters.
    [0101] [0101] A generic configuration can comprise the different parameters that were introduced by this invention based on a virtual passage period for a satellite. The positions of the satellite in its trajectory can be indicated by the angle on the horizon between the UE and the satellite, seen from the EU's point of view. The angle can vary between 0 ° and 180 °, while the realistically usable angles can range from 10 ° to 170 ° at most. For a generic description, it is inevitable that the UE and the base station have a defined value range, that is, that the base station and the UE simply know what it means to set the parameters for different angles. The base station can then configure different functions or parameters for different value ranges for the respective angle.
    [0102] [0102] Alternatively, the configuration can use a flyover time, in the example satellites used in this document ranging from t = 0s to t = 9min = 540s. Other satellite orbits may have shorter or longer times. The nine minute transit time example was used for the figures showing example RSS values, limits and compensations in this invention. The base station can then configure different functions or parameters for ranges of values different from the current time difference and a defined t0 = 0s.
    [0103] [0103] Values other than time and angle can be used, for example, a virtual fraction of the satellite path from 0% to 100% or similar.
    [0104] [0104] Fig. 9 shows an example of block flow for the described aspect of this invention. A UE can receive an MC measurement configuration from a base station which is a function of a satellite's pos position relative to a UE. The function can be configured as described in several examples above, as a function, parameters of a predetermined function, in the form of various measurement settings applied consecutively or as thresholds and compensations defined in stages.
    [0105] [0105] The UE then determines the satellite's current position in relation to the UE at time t1. The determination can be in the form of information received from a base station that calculated the previous position. Alternatively, the pos position is estimated in the UE from time, measurements and knowledge about satellite trajectories, etc.
    [0106] [0106] Together with the previous or separate step, the UE determines a progression of the pos position for the next period of time. This determination can be simply by searching for a predefined function for position progression, parameterizing a predefined function with parameters received from the base station or measurements made by the UE itself. The progression of the pos (t) position can be determined in the form of a time-dependent function t (as in the example in Fig. 9), from an angle of the EU-satellite line on the horizon or by similar techniques.
    [0107] [0107] The UE now applies the measurement configuration configured for the current time (t) until a transfer to another satellite occurs. In this case, the UE can perform the determination of the current position of the satellite again, now for the target satellite of the transfer. This step ensures that, after a transfer, the same measurement configuration is used based on a newly determined position on the trajectory of the new satellite in relation to the UE.
    [0108] [0108] The blocks shown in Fig. 9 describe the configuration of the measurement and the determination of the position for a single satellite. As previously described in this invention, a measurement setup can comprise measurements and report triggers for multiple satellites, for example, in different orbits. In this case, similar blocks would be executed for other satellites and the return to the redetermination stage can occur whenever a new satellite in the same orbit is assuming the role of an old satellite as a server or neighbor satellite whose signals need to be measured by the UE.
    [0109] [0109] The estimate of the satellite's position in relation to a UE on this path can use one of the following examples. In the following, we describe only qualitative values and derivation techniques without proving exact formulas. In addition, all of the following items can use the position specification mentioned above as angle, time, fraction or other alternatives.
    [0110] [0110] Position estimation can be done using information about the exact position of a satellite and a UE, for example, using global satellite navigation systems (GNSS) like GPS or GLONASS for EU positioning and trajectory and time information for satellite positioning. Both information, available at the UE or at the base station, is sufficient to calculate a relative position. This is relatively simple, but the use of GPS and accurate knowledge of satellite trajectories also consume relatively resources.
    [0111] [0111] Another example for the estimate is based on RSS measurements from several satellites and some knowledge of the relative position of the measured satellites. Satellites can transmit identity information, for example, in their system information, which provides an indication of an order of satellites in an orbit (index m in Fig. 2) and / or in the orbit to which the respective satellite belongs (index n in Fig. 2). The comparison of two measurements made by a UE on different downlink signals from different satellites that are known to be in different orbits displaced by half a viaduct period (or 4.5 minutes in our LEO satellite examples) or any other fraction may take a good estimate of the position of any of the satellites. With reference to Fig. 5, measurements, for example, of a maximum expected RSS of the satellite, m and a low but detectable RSS from the satellite + 1, m + 1, a UE can estimate the position of the satellite, m in 270s in the period shown in Fig. 5. In contrast, a medium-level RSS from the satellite, m and no RSS detectable from the satellite + 1, m + 1 (but the satellite's detectable RSS + 1, m) can indicate a position in an interval between 60s and 70s. Obviously, actual measurements can lead to more accurate time values than the estimated ones explained above, for example, seconds or fractions thereof.
    [0112] [0112] The example above can be improved by measuring the RSS differences of two successive measurements at a certain opportune distance. A satellite can be expected with an increase in RSS in the first half of its overflight and a degrading RSS can point to the second half. More precisely, the exact difference together with the absolute value can contribute to an accurate estimate of the satellite's relative position to the UE.
    [0113] [0113] Another example for the estimate is based on the measurement of the Doppler frequency, that is, on the measurement of the frequency deviation between the received signal and the transmitted signal caused by the relative speed of the satellite and the UE. The use of Doppler frequency is beneficial as it is resistant to environmental effects, such as fading and rapid dispersion. For the LEO satellite examples used throughout this invention, Fig. 6 shows the Doppler frequency in kHz during a flyover period for a terrestrial UE exactly in the satellite's orbit plane (solid line) and for a UE that is at 1000 km away from the flat orbit satellite (dashed line). The Doppler frequency is shown for a carrier frequency of 2 GHz, other carrier frequencies would show linear deviations from Fig.
    [0114] [0114] The combination of the two described methods of position estimation using the RSS and Doppler frequency can further increase the accuracy. One way to combine would be to first detect which measure to use for an estimate based on a multiple RSS and several Doppler frequency measures. A significant change in RSS measurement can indicate the beginning or end of a flyby period when changes in RSS provide the best results in combination with the Doppler frequency signal, while a significant change in Doppler frequency can indicate the means overflying period in which this measure provides better results. Based on this detection, the respective measurements are used for a position estimate. Another way to combine would be to first use the Doppler frequency and / or its changes from two satellites to estimate the position of the satellites in their flyover period and then use RSS and / or their changes to more accurately calculate the position, including a distance from the UE to the satellite's orbit that cannot be estimated from Doppler frequency measurements, because that distance does not make a significant difference to the Doppler frequency, as shown in Fig. 6.
    [0115] [0115] In addition, for the detection of the detected satellite's orbit, it is possible to use the RSS and Doppler frequency, or a combination of them, together with some knowledge about the trajectories of the satellites. If a change in the period between satellites from two neighboring orbits is known, for example, a change over half a flyover period, the Doppler frequency signal and its inclination may be sufficient to identify which satellite is in which orbit and in which phase of an overpass.
    [0116] [0116] Another measure that may be available in the UE to estimate the relative position of the satellite is the angle of arrival (AoA) of a signal received from the satellite. As the orientation of the UE may not be known or change over time, AoA can be measured for different satellites, and more knowledge of the satellite trajectories or additional measurements of the Doppler and / or RSS frequency can be used to estimate the angle of on the horizon with effects eliminated from the EU movement.
    [0117] [0117] Fig. 7 represents a functional flow of an example for estimating positioning in a UE. A UE can trigger satellite positioning autonomously, that is, it can estimate a position of one or more satellites in relation to the UE using a positioning method performed in the UE. Positioning can be based on measurements related to one or more satellites. Fig. 7 represents a respective method for two satellites, m and satellite, k with satellites m and k in orbits n and l, respectively. The orbits can be identical (n = l) and the satellites are neighboring satellites (k = m + 1 or k = m - 1) or the orbits are neighboring (l = n + 1 or l = n - 1) and the satellites they are neighbors potentially displaced in their orbit with each other for a fraction of a period (k = m or k = m + 1, assuming the same index for almost satellites in neighboring orbits).
    [0118] [0118] The UE can, for example, measure the frequency of RSS and Doppler f D for satellites, m. Multiple such measurements at different times, for example, separated by 1s or 5s, can be used to estimate a frequency slope of RSS and Doppler, denoting ∆RSS and ∆fD in Fig. 7. Measurements can be made by satellitek, l . Potentially, the multiple measurements being made with the time multiplexed with the multiple measurements for satellites, m, therefore, the two satellite-specific measurement blocks are shown in parallel in a single measurement box.
    [0119] [0119] From measurements based on the Doppler frequency, fD n, m, fD k, l, ∆fD n, m ∆fD k, l, and potentially the available information on the position of the two respective satellites in relation to each other , the UE performs a first estimated position from the position Pos * n, m and potentially Pos * l, k, the last not shown in the figure since the measurements can be used to estimate only the position of the single satellite. This estimate can be based on a pre-known relationship similar to that of Fig. 6. As an example, the UE may have measured two samples of fD for each of the two satellites with the values 118kHz / 117kHz (from the satellite, m) and -69kHz / -71kHz (from satellitek, l), respectively. With the knowledge that two satellites in different orbits are separated by half a flyover period, ie 270s, a search on a curve, as shown in Fig. 6 (or similar data representation in the UE) will take the satellite, m being at a position of t = 100s and satellite, k being at 270s, depicted by the arrows in Fig. 6. If the UE at that point does not yet know its distance to the two orbit planes, Doppler measurements will not provide a very accurate estimate . As shown in Fig. 6, very small measurement errors can lead to a large deviation in the distance, since between the Doppler frequency curves of the solid line and the dashed line are 1000 km apart.
    [0120] [0120] Therefore, in another step shown in Fig. 7, the UE calculates, more precisely, the Posn, m and potentially Posl, k positions, the last one not shown, taking into account the RSS. Assuming the measurements of -108dBm and -113dBm for the two respective satellites, the UE can take into account the estimate based on the Doppler frequency to search the pre-known data for RSS expected from different satellites based on the distance between the UE and the orbit plane and position in the flyover period. In the example given, a search according to Fig. 8 can take place with the different curves representing the expected RSS at different distances from the orbit plane. The measured values of the RSS together with the estimated positions of the respective satellites point to two curves, one for a distance of 400 km and the other between 1600 km and 2000 km. In a non-ideal example where measurements would deviate due to measurement errors, the UE could use additional information on the latitude of its position, for example, that the total distance of two neighboring orbit planes is known, for example, 2000 km . In this case, the sum of the distance from the UE to each of the two neighboring orbit planes must be 2000 km, so that measurement errors can be eliminated or reduced.
    [0121] [0121] As shown, according to Fig. 7, with prior knowledge of the expected progression of the RSS and Doppler frequency and the geometry of the satellite path, the UE can estimate the relative position of a satellite and use the information to apply the correct configuration parameters, for example, as previously described in relation to a UE measurement configuration.
    [0122] [0122] In another modality, not supported by any specific figure, but related to the aspects represented in Figs. 1 to 7, a UE can receive a measurement configuration from a base station that is applied by the UE performs autonomous cell selection or cell reselection. This is usually the case when the UE switches to idle mode, for example, after a period of inactivity or after loss of connectivity. A UE may have received a general measurement setup based on one or two recurring satellite paths in one or two orbits, respectively. The UE can also have information related to the periodicity of the measurement setup cycle or in other words about the opportune distance of two satellites in the same orbit and / or a displacement of satellites in a neighboring orbit. The UE can also obtain information about the satellite's movements by means other than a measurement setup, for example, system information transmitted by a satellite, almanac information received from a server, etc.
    [0123] [0123] The UE can then apply the configuration or measurement information based on time, that is, the UE knows that every n seconds or minutes the next satellite in an orbit appears on the horizon and every k seconds or minutes then, a satellite from the nearby orbit appears. The UE can then adapt its new autonomous cell selection accordingly. The UE can, for example, measure the resources (frequency) of a neighboring cell (neighboring satellite) only when it is known that it is reachable, that is, as long as it is known that a satellite is out of reach of the path or configuration information, is not sought. On the other hand, as soon as it is known that a satellite can potentially be better for the UE than the satellite currently in service, the respective measurements are started or the periodicity of such measurements is increased.
    [0124] [0124] The following is a summary of the main features of the various aspects of the invention with possible alternatives.
    [0125] [0125] The term "configured" means a configuration received at a UE from a base station. I. In a UE that triggers the transmission of a measurement report dependent on a predetermined relative movement from a base station to a UE based on any of a measurement by the UE and comparison with a limit, the limit being the time varying as a predetermined function with or without configured parameters, or a configured function, or two measurements by the UE compared using an offset, where the offset is variable over time as a predetermined function with or without configured parameters, or a configured function ,
    [0126] [0126] The function can map substantially to a predetermined change in the connection between the UE and the base station caused by the predetermined relative movement from the base station to a UE.
    [0127] [0127] The function can be defined or parameterized as a function of a relative position of a base station in relation to the UE and the triggering of a measurement report depends on the function and an initial relative position of the base station in relation to the determined UE. by the UE or determined by the base station and provided to the UE in a configuration message.
    [0128] [0128] Measurements can be based on measurements of at least one parameter of the connection between the base station and the UE.
    [0129] [0129] The base station can be part of a satellite and the relative movement from the base station to the UE is the movement of the satellite that orbits the earth over a terrestrial UE.
    [0130] [0130] A base station can comprise two parts, one part implemented in an earth station and another part implemented in a satellite and the relative movement of the base station to the UE is the movement of the satellite orbiting the earth over a terrestrial UE.
    [0131] [0131] The limit or offset can be configured to have a first static value for a first period of time and the limit is configured to have a second static value for a second period of time after the first period of time.
    [0132] [0132] The limit or displacement can be configured as a continuous function of time with variable values.
    [0133] [0133] The limit or offset can be configured as a continuous function of at least one measurement measured by the UE, to at least one measurement substantially representing the relative position of the base station to the UE.
    [0134] [0134] After a transfer from the UE to a second base station, the limit or offset can be reset based on the function (unchanged) and an initial relative position of the second base station to the UE determined again (at the UE or at the base station and provided to the UE).
    [0135] [0135] In a UE, changing the applied configuration for performance of measurements or measurement reports from a first configuration to a second configuration dependent on the predetermined relative movement of a base station to a UE, the first and second configurations were received (from a base station) in the UE before or during the application of the first configuration, where the second configuration finally comprises one of a measurement, a measurement report and a measurement report trigger that is not present in the first measurement report measurement (and vice versa), or the first configuration comprises a measurement on a specified resource (time, frequency, signal, code) and the second configuration comprises the measurement on a different resource, or the first configuration comprises a report trigger. measurement for transmitting a measurement report based on a first measurement and the second configuration comprises a measurement report trigger for tra issuing a measurement report based on a second measurement other than the first measurement, or the first configuration comprises a periodic measurement report configuration with a first periodicity and the second configuration comprises a periodic measurement report configuration with a second periodicity periodicity different from the first periodicity.
    [0136] [0136] The time to change the applied configuration for measurement performance can be determined depending on a relative position of a base station in relation to the UE or depending on one or more measurements that substantially represent the relative position of a base station in relation to the UE,
    [0137] [0137] The determination can be carried out at the UE or carried out at a base station and provided to the UE in a configuration message.
    [0138] [0138] The timing of changing the applied configuration of measurements or measurement reports can be based on the function and initial relative position of the base station to the UE determined by the UE based on measurements or determined by the base station and provided to the UE in a configuration message.
    [0139] [0139] The current position can be determined based on measurements of at least one parameter of a connection between the UE and the base station.
    [0140] [0140] The base station can be part of a satellite and the relative movement from the base station to the UE is the movement of the satellite that orbits the earth over a terrestrial UE.
    [0141] [0141] A base station can comprise two parts, one part implemented on an earth station and another part implemented on a satellite and the relative movement of the base station to the UE is the movement of the satellite orbiting the earth over a terrestrial UE.
    [0142] [0142] After a transfer from the UE to a second base station, the configuration applied for measurements or measurement reports can be reset to the first configuration and the point in time for a change from the first configuration to the second configuration is determined (again) based on measurements of at least one parameter of the connection between the UE and the second base station.
    [0143] [0143] Measurements of at least one parameter of a connection between the UE and the base station can comprise one of the measurements of the connection's Doppler frequency, or the difference of two or more measurements of the connection's Doppler frequency at different time points, or the received signal strength of the connection, or the difference of two or more measurements of the signal strength received from the connection at different time instances, or the angle of arrival of a signal received at the connection or the angle of arrival of a first signal received on the connection and a second signal received on a second connection between the UE and another base station.
    [0144] [0144] The same could be applied for adding or releasing an additional carrier to a second satellite, while an existing carrier to the first satellite remains based on time or measurements, as described for the measurements above.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    1. Method for operating user equipment, UE device, in communication with a non-terrestrial communication system, comprising a plurality of transmission points, characterized by the fact that the method comprises: in the UE device triggering a transmission of a report of measurement dependent on a measurement by the UE device of a signal parameter received from a signal received from a transmission point of the system and a comparison of the measured parameter with a threshold, where the threshold is a position-dependent predetermined time variant function expected depending on the time of the UE device in relation to the transmission point; and transmit the measurement report.
    [2]
    2. Method, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the limit can be adapted after the configuration information received from the communication system.
    [3]
    3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that measurement reports are sent to a plurality of transmission points, with each transmission point a comparison being made between a signal parameter received from that point transmission and a predetermined time variable function for that transmission point.
    [4]
    4. Method, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that measurements are made at a predetermined periodicity, the predetermined periodicity varying with time.
    [5]
    5. Method according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that the periodicity varies in a manner dependent on a position of the transmission point in relation to the UE device.
    [6]
    6. Method according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that the periodicity varies in a manner dependent on a position of a second transmission point in relation to the UE device.
    [7]
    7. User equipment, UE, device characterized by the fact that it is able to communicate with a satellite communication system, the UE device being adapted to generate measurement reports, in which the UE device is willing to perform a comparison of a signal strength received with a time-varying limit value in order to determine whether a measurement report should be sent, the time-varying limit value varies according to a variable function in the predetermined time, dependent on an expected change in the position of a satellite of the satellite communication system.
    [8]
    8. UE device according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that the UE device is arranged to receive the information from the communication system, the information indicating a period of time in which the UE device must perform a comparison between a signal strength received from a signal received from a first satellite and a signal strength received from a signal received from a second satellite.
    [9]
    9. UE device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized by the fact that the UE device is arranged to receive configuration information from the communication system, the configuration information indicating to the UE device the measurement reports that the UE device must perform.
    [10]
    10. UE device according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the UE device is arranged to use an estimate of a position of the UE device to determine a current value for the limit value for comparison with the force the received signal.
    [11]
    11. UE device according to claim 10, characterized by the fact that the UE device is arranged to determine the position estimate using signals received from the satellites of the communication system.
    [12]
    12. Method for a non-terrestrial communication system to control a transfer of a user equipment, UE, device from a first transmission point to a second transmission point, characterized by the fact that the method comprises: providing the UE device with information of configuration to run measurement reports; instruct the UE device to perform measurement reports by comparing a measurement of a signal received from the first transmission point with a variable time limit, the variable time limit varies according to a predetermined time variable function, dependent on a dependent expected position the time of the UE device in relation to the first transmission point; receive measurement reports from the UE device according to the configuration information; and in the event of a determination based on the measurement reports that a transfer from the first transmission point to the second transmission point would be beneficial by issuing a transfer command to the UE device.
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    法律状态:
    2021-12-07| B350| Update of information on the portal [chapter 15.35 patent gazette]|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP18160962|2018-03-09|
    EP18160962.9|2018-03-09|
    PCT/EP2019/055863|WO2019170866A1|2018-03-09|2019-03-08|Predictive measurement for non-terrestrial communication|
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