beam selection for uplink and downlink-based mobility

专利摘要:
beam selection for uplink and downlink-based mobility aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and equipment for beam selection in uplink-based and downlink-based mobility scenarios, for example, for new radio (nr) systems that are capable of Improve reliability, reduce handover frequency, and increase power efficiency. certain aspects provide a method for wireless communication by a user equipment (eu). The method generally includes transmitting an uplink reference signal with an indication of a preferred downlink beam and receiving a downlink transmission based at least in part on the uplink reference signal.
公开号:BR112018016068A2
申请号:R112018016068
申请日:2017-01-06
公开日:2019-01-02
发明作者:Bernard Horn Gavin；Edward Smee John；Binamira Soriaga Joseph；Kubota Keiichi；Agarwal Ravi；Rangrao Tavildar Saurabha；Luo Tao；Ji Tingfang
申请人:Qualcomm Inc；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

BEAM SELECTION FOR UPLINK AND MOBILITY BASED
DOWNLINK
Cross Reference to Related Order and Claim
Priority [0001] This application claims the benefit and priority to US Provisional Patent Application No. ² 62 / 293,761, filed on February 10, 2016, and to US Patent Application No. ² 15 / 268,279, filed on September 16, 2016 , both of which are incorporated herein for reference purposes in their entirety for all applicable purposes.
TECHNICAL FIELD [0002] This disclosure relates, in general, to wireless communications, and, more particularly, to methods and equipment for beam selection in uplink-based and downlink-based mobility scenarios, for example, for new radio (NR) systems that are able to improve reliability, reduce handover frequency, and improve power efficiency.
INTRODUCTION [0003] Wireless communication systems are widely used to offer a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephony, video, data, message exchange and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems can employ multiple access technologies, capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (for example, bandwidth, transmission power). Examples of such multiple access technologies include multiple access systems by
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2/74 code division (CDMA), time division multiple access systems (TDMA), frequency division multiple access systems (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access systems (OFDMA), multiple access systems by frequency division in single carrier (SC-FDMA), and multiple access systems by synchronous code division and time division (TD-SCDMA).
[0004] A wireless communication network can include a series of base stations (BS) that can support communication to a number of user equipment (UEs). A UE can communicate with a BS via downlink and uplink. The downlink (or direct link) refers to the communication link from the BS to the UE, and the uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the UE to the BS. As will be described in more detail here, a BS can be called Node B, gNB, access point (AP), radio unit, transmission receive point (TRP), new radio BS (NR), Node-B 5G, etc.).
[0005] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to offer a common protocol that allows different wireless devices to communicate at a municipal, national, regional and even global level. An example of an emerging telecommunications standard is the new radio (NR), for example, access via 5G radio. NR is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). It is designed to better support mobile broadband Internet access by improving spectral efficiency, reducing
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3/74 costs, service improvement, making use of a new spectrum, with better integration with other open standards using OFDMA with a cyclic prefix (CP) in the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL), in addition to supporting conformation beamforming, antenna technology Multiple Inputs Multiple Outputs (MIMO), and aggregation of carriers. However, as the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, there is a need for further improvements in NR technology. Preferably, these improvements should apply to other multiple access technologies and to the telecommunications standards that employ those technologies.
[0006] Some wireless communication standards base handoff decisions on user equipment, at least in part, on downlink measurements. Wireless communication for future generations can focus on user-centric networks. Therefore, equipment, methods, processing systems and computer program products for new radio (NR) (new radio technology or 5G technology) are desirable.
BRIEF SUMMARY [0007] Each of the systems, methods and devices of the revelation has several aspects, none of which alone is responsible for its desirable attributes. Without limiting the scope of the present disclosure as expressed by the claims that follow, some aspects will be discussed shortly. After considering this discussion, and particularly after reading the section entitled Detailed Description, it will be understood as aspects of the present disclosure
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4/74 offer advantages that include enhanced communications between access points and stations on a wireless network.
[0008] Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate, in general, to methods and equipment for beam selection in uplink-based and downlink-based mobility scenarios. For example, a downlink beam used for downlink signaling and / or a handover command (and selected transmission point) by a base station (BS) can be based on the measurement of an uplink reference signal from the equipment of the user (U) and / or based on an indication on the uplink reference signal of a preferred beam and / or transmission point.
[0009] Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a method for wireless communication by an UE. The method generally includes transmitting an uplink reference signal with an indication of a preferred downlink beam and receiving a downlink transmission based, at least in part, on the uplink reference signal.
[0010] Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide equipment for wireless communication by an UE. The equipment generally includes means for transmitting an uplink reference signal with an indication of a preferred downlink beam and means for receiving a downlink transmission based, at least in part, on the uplink reference signal.
[0011] Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide equipment for wireless communication by an UE. The equipment usually includes at least one processor, and a memory attached to at least one
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5/74 processor. At least one processor is generally configured to transmit an uplink reference signal with an indication of a preferred downlink beam and receive a downlink transmission based, at least in part, on the uplink reference signal.
[0012] Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a computer-readable medium for storing computer-executable code to cause a UE to transmit an uplink reference signal with an indication of a preferred downlink beam and receive a downlink based transmission, at least in part, in the uplink reference signal.
[0013] Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a method for wireless communication by a BS. The method generally includes receiving an uplink reference signal from an UE with an indication of a preferred downlink beam and transmitting a downlink transmission to the UE based, at least in part, on the uplink reference signal. .
[0014] Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide equipment for wireless communication by a BS. The equipment generally includes means for receiving, from an UE, an uplink reference signal with an indication of a preferred downlink beam and means for transmitting a downlink transmission to the UE based, at least in part, on the signal uplink reference
[0015] Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide equipment for wireless communication by a BS. The equipment usually includes at least one processor, and a memory attached to at least one
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6 / Ί4 processor. At least one processor is generally configured to receive, from a UE, an uplink reference signal with an indication of a preferred downlink beam and transmit a downlink transmission to the UE based, at least in part, on the uplink reference signal.
[0016] Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a computer-readable medium by storing computer-executable code to cause a BS to receive, from the UE, an uplink reference signal with an indication of a preferred downlink beam and transmit a downlink transmission to the UE based, at least in part, on the uplink reference signal.
[0017] Aspects in general include methods, equipment, systems, computer program products, and processing systems, as substantially described here with reference to and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
[0018] Other aspects, characteristics and modalities of the present invention will become evident to those skilled in the art, when analyzing the following description of the specific exemplary modalities of the present invention together with the accompanying figures. Although aspects of the present invention can be discussed with respect to certain embodiments and figures below, all embodiments of the present invention can include one or more of the advantageous aspects discussed herein. In other words, although one or more modalities can be discussed as having certain advantageous aspects, one or more of such aspects can also be used
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7/74 according to the various embodiments of the invention discussed here. Similarly, although the exemplary modalities can be discussed below as device, system or method modalities, it should be understood that such exemplary modalities can be implemented in different devices, systems and methods.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0019] So that the way in which the aforementioned characteristics of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, a more specific description, briefly summarized above, can be achieved by reference to the aspects, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings . The attached drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of the present disclosure, and are therefore not considered to be limiting to its scope, and the description may admit other equally effective aspects.
[0020] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary implementation in which multiple wireless networks have
overlapping cover, in wake up with certain aspects gives revelation.[0021] A FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating one example of a network in access, according to certain aspects of the revelation.[0022] A FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating one example of a structure of painting of DL, in a system in telecommunications, according to certain aspects gives revelation.[0023] A FIG. 4 is one diagram illustrating one example of a structure of painting UL, in a system in
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8/74 telecommunications according to certain aspects of the disclosure.
[0024]
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of radio protocol architecture for the user and control plan, according to certain aspects of the disclosure.
[0025] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station (BS), and user equipment (UE) in an access network, according to certain aspects of the disclosure.
[0026] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of the logical architecture of a distributed radio access network (RAN), according to certain aspects of the present disclosure.
[0027] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of the physical architecture of a distributed RAN, according to certain aspects of the present disclosure.
[0028] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a subframe centered on the downlink (DL), according to certain aspects of the present disclosure.
[0029] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a subframe centered on the uplink (UL), according to certain aspects of the present disclosure.
[0030] FIG. 11 is a call flow chart illustrating an example of a downlink-based handover procedure, according to certain aspects of the disclosure.
[0031] FIG. 12 is a call flow chart illustrating an example of an uplink-based handover procedure, according to certain aspects of the disclosure.
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9/74
[0032] FIG. 13 is one flow in call illustrating examples of operations, carried out per a UE, for mobility based on uplink, in wake up with certain aspects of the revelation.[0033] FIG. 14 is one flow in call
illustrating examples of operations, performed by a source or destination BS, for uplink-based mobility, according to certain aspects of the disclosure.
[0034] FIG. 15 illustrates an example of a state diagram illustrating examples of uplink-based mobility based on the UE, according to certain aspects of the disclosure.
[0035] THE FIG. 16 I m flow diagram illustrating call The selection in beam for mobility uplink based, in wake up with aspects of this revelation. [0036] THE FIG. 17 illustrates examples of
operations, performed by a UE, for beam selection for downlink mobility, according to certain aspects of the disclosure.
[0037] FIG. 18 illustrates examples of operations, performed by a BS, for beam selection for downlink-based mobility, according to certain aspects of the disclosure.
[0038] FIG. 19 illustrates an example of a call flow diagram for beam selection, during an initial access procedure, for downlink-based mobility, according to certain aspects of the disclosure.
[0039] FIG. 20 illustrates an example of a call flow diagram for beam selection after a
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10/74 initial access procedure, for mobility based on downlink, according to certain aspects of the disclosure.
[0040] In order to facilitate understanding, identical reference numbers were used, whenever possible, to designate identical elements that are common to the figures. It is contemplated that the elements revealed in one aspect can be beneficially used in other aspects without specific mention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0041] Aspects of the present revelation provide equipment, methods, systems of processing and computer program products for new radio (NR) (new radio access technology or 5G technology). [0042] Aspects of the present revelation
provide techniques and equipment to perform a direct, fast, and efficient handover procedure regarding the use of resources. As described here, for uplink-based mobility, handovers can be performed based, at least in part, on uplink signal measurements obtained by base stations (for example, B-Nodes (NBs), gNBs, access points ( APs), intelligent radio units (SRHs), transmission reception points (TRPs), BSs NR, NBs 5G, etc.), while, for downlink-based mobility, handovers can be performed based on measurements obtained by UEs. For example, 5G and other future communications systems may focus on creating a more user-centric network.
[0043] Aspects of the present disclosure provide a framework for handover (direct or
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11/74 inverse) based on uplink and / or downlink measurements. In addition, 5G and other telecommunications can use beam-formed transmissions. Aspects of the present disclosure also provide beam selection techniques for both uplink and downlink based mobility scenarios.
[0044] In downlink-based mobility, a UE can receive reference signals (for example, measurement reference signals (MRS) from a BS and report measurements to the BS. The UE can also report a preferred beam and / or a preferred transmission point. The indication of the preferred beam and / or the transmission point can be included in an uplink reference signal from the UE. Mobility decisions (for example, for a handover command) in the BS can be based on the measurement of the uplink reference signal and / or based on the indication, the uplink reference signal, of the preferred beam and / or the transmission point. BS can also use the indication of the preferred beam for beam shaping downlink signals to the UE.
[0045] In uplink-based mobility, a BS can make mobility decisions based on measurements of an uplink reference signal from a UE (for example, without sending any MRS). BS can also perform beam selection and / or transmission point selection.
[0046] In a hybrid mobility scheme, a BS can make mobility decisions and beam selection decisions based on reference signal parameters, for example, similarly to mobility
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12/74 based on uplink. In addition, BS can also transmit
MRSs and can refine the decision of mobility and / or beam selection based on feedback from a UE (for example, the uplink reference signals).
[0047] Advantageously, a UE can receive a configuration for an uplink reference signal from a server BS. A non-serving BS (for example, a destination BS) can receive a configuration for the uplink reference signal from the serving BS. In this way, the UE can transmit the uplink reference signal that the destination BS can receive. As described here, both the source and destination BS can transmit a handover command and / or connection reconfiguration message based, at least in part, on the measurements of the received uplink reference signal.
[0048] Several aspects of the disclosure are described in greater detail here later with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present disclosure, however, can be incorporated in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Instead, these aspects are presented so that this disclosure is meticulous and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Based on the teachings presented here, those skilled in the art should appreciate that the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently or combined with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, a
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13/74 equipment can be implemented or a method can be practiced using any number of aspects presented here. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover such equipment or method that is practiced using another structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to or different from the various aspects of the disclosure presented here. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be incorporated by one or more elements of a claim.
[0049] The word example is used here to indicate something that serves as an example, instance or illustration. Any aspect described herein as illustrative should not necessarily be interpreted as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Still, in some scenarios, the example may be preferred.
[0050] Although specific aspects are described here, many variations and permutations of these aspects will fall within the scope of the disclosure. Although some benefits and advantages of the preferred aspects are mentioned, the scope of the disclosure is not intended to be limited to specific benefits, uses or objectives. Instead, aspects of the disclosure are intended to be widely applicable to different wireless technologies, system configurations, networks and transmission protocols, some of which are illustrated by way of example in the figures and in the following description of preferred aspects. The detailed description and drawings are merely illustrative of the disclosure rather than
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14/74 limitations, the scope of the disclosure being defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
[0051] The detailed description presented below, in connection with the attached drawings, is thought of as a description of the various configurations and is not intended to represent the only configurations in which the concepts described here can be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details in order to provide a meticulous understanding of the various concepts. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these concepts can be practiced without these specific details. In some cases, well-known structures and components are illustrated in the form of a block diagram to avoid obscuring such concepts.
[0052] Various aspects of telecommunications systems will be presented with reference to various equipment and methods. Such equipment and methods will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively called elements). These elements can be implemented using hardware, software / firmware or combinations thereof. The decision as to whether these elements will be implemented as hardware or as software depends on the specific application and design restrictions imposed on the general system.
[0053] By way of example, an element, or any part of an element, or any combination of an element, or any combination of elements can be implemented with a processing system that includes
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15/74 one or more processors. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors (DSPs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, logic connected by logic circuits, discrete hardware circuits, and other appropriate hardware configured to carry out the various features described throughout this revelation. A non-limiting example of processors is the Snapdragon processor. One or more processors in the processing system can run software. The term software should be interpreted broadly to encompass instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines , objects, executables, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or in some other way.
[0054] Therefore, in one or more exemplary modalities, the functions described can be implemented in hardware, software / firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, functions can be stored in or transmitted as one or more instructions or code in a computer-readable medium. The term software should be interpreted in a broad sense to encompass instructions, data or any combination thereof, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode,
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16/74 hardware description language, among others. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. The processor may be responsible for managing the bus and general processing, including running the software modules stored on the machine-readable storage media.
[0055] A computer-readable storage medium can be coupled to a processor so that the processor can be information from, and write information to, the storage medium. Alternatively, the storage medium can be integrated with the processor. For example, machine-readable media may include a transmission line, a data-modulated carrier wave and / or a computer-readable storage medium with instructions stored on it separate from the wireless node, all of which can be accessed by processor through the bus interface. Alternatively, or in addition, machine-readable media, or any part thereof, can be integrated into the processor, as may be the case with cache memory and / or general log files. Examples of machine-readable storage media may, for example, include RAM (Random Access Memory), flash memory, ROM (Read-Only Memory), FROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory), EPROM (Read-Only Memory) Programmable Erasable), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory),
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17/74 records, magnetic disks, optical discs, hard drives, or any other suitable storage medium, or any combination thereof. The machine-readable medium can be incorporated into a computer program product.
[0056] A software module can comprise a single instruction, or many instructions, and can be distributed in several different code segments, between different programs, and between multiple storage media. Computer-readable media can comprise a series of software modules. The software modules include instructions that, when executed by equipment, such as a processor, cause the processing system to perform various functions. Software modules can include a transmit module and a receive module. Each software module can reside on a single storage device or be distributed among multiple storage devices. For example, a software module can be loaded into RAM from a hard drive when a trigger event occurs. During the execution of the software module, the processor can load some of the instructions to the cache memory to increase the access speed. One or more lines of cache can then be loaded into a general log file for execution by the processor. When we refer to the functionality of a software module below, it will be understood that such functionality is implemented by the processor when executing instructions from that software module.
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18/74 [0057] In addition, any connection is properly called a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from an Internet site, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared ( IR), radio and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL or wireless technologies, such as infrared, radio and microwave, are included in the media definition. The term disc, as used here, encompasses compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disc and Blu-ray disc, where discs generally reproduce data magnetically, whereas discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Thus, in some respects, computer-readable media may comprise non-temporary computer-readable media (for example, tangible media). In addition, for other aspects, computer-readable media may comprise non-temporary computer-readable media (e.g., a signal). Combinations of the items listed above should also be included in the scope of computer-readable media.
[0058] Thus, certain aspects may comprise a computer program product and / or a computer-readable medium for carrying out the operations presented here. For example, such a computer program product may comprise a computer-readable medium containing instructions stored (and / or encoded) in the
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19/74 even, the instructions being executable by one or more processors to perform the operations described here.
[0059] In addition, it should be appreciated that the modules and / or other appropriate means for carrying out the methods and techniques described herein can be downloaded and / or otherwise obtained by a user terminal and / or base station, as applicable. For example, such a device can be coupled to a server to facilitate the transfer of the means to perform the methods described herein. Alternatively, several methods described herein can be provided via storage media (for example, RAM, ROM, a physical storage medium, such as a compact disc (CD) or floppy disk, etc.), so that a user terminal and / or base station can obtain the various methods when coupling or supplying the storage media to the device. In addition, any other suitable technique for providing the methods and techniques described herein for a device can be used [0060] The techniques described here can be used for various wireless communication networks, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), carrier FDMA SC-FDMA only), and other networks. The terms network and system are generally used interchangeably here. A CDMA network can implement radio access technology (RAT), such as universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA), cdma2000, etc. UTRA includes broadband CDMA (WCDMA) and other variants of CDMA. Cdma2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95 and IS standards
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20/74
856. IS-2000 is also called lx radio transmission technology (IxRTT), CDMA2000 IX, etc. A TDMA network can implement a RAT, such as a global system for mobile communications (GSM), enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE), or GSM / EDGE radio access network (GERAN). An OFDMA network can implement a RAT, such as Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), UltraMobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM.RIM. , etc. UTRA and E-UTRA are part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). The 3GPP long-term evolution (LIE) and LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) are versions of UMTS that use E-UTRA, which uses OFDMA in the downlink and SC-FDMA in the uplink. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LIE, LTE-A and GSM are described in the documents of an organization called the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). Cdma2000 and UMB are described in the documents of an organization called 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2). The techniques described here can be used for the wireless networks and RATs mentioned above, as well as other wireless networks and RATs.
[0061] Note that, although the aspects can be described here using terminology normally associated with 3G and / or 4G wireless technologies, the aspects of the present disclosure can be applied in other generation-based communication systems, such as 5G and later, including NR technologies.
EXEMPLIFYING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM [0062] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of implementation in which aspects of the present disclosure
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21/74 can be implemented For example, a user equipment (UE) 110 transmits an uplink reference signal to a base station (BS) 122 (for example, a gNB, a transmission receiving point (TRP), Node B (NB), NB 5G, access point (AP), BS new radio (NR), etc.). The uplink reference signal can include an indication of a preferred downlink beam. UE 110 can receive a downlink from BS 122 based, at least in part, on the uplink reference signal. For downlink-based mobility, the UE 110 can receive measurement reference signals (MRS) transmitted with different beams from BS 122. The UE 110 can select the preferred beam based on the MRS. BS 122 can beamform the downlink signal to the UE using the preferred beam and / or BS 122 can send a handover command to the UE 110 based, at least in part, on the uplink reference signal. For uplink-based mobility, the UE 110 sends the uplink reference signal without MRS from BS 122, and BS 122 can send beam selection and / or handover decisions based on the measurement of the uplink reference signal . In some cases, a non-serving BS may receive the uplink reference signals and send a handover command to the UE 110.
[0063] FIG. 1 shows an exemplary implementation in which multiple wireless networks have overlapping coverage. The system illustrated in FIG. 1 may include, for example, an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) 120 can support long-term evolution (LTE) and a GMS 130 network. According to the aspects, the system illustrated in FIG . 1 can
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22/74 include one or more other networks, such as an NR network. The radio access network can include a series of BSs 122 and other network entities that can support wireless communication for UEs. In some cases, an NR network may include a central unit (CU) and distributed units (DUs).
[0064] Each eNB can provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area. The term cell can refer to a coverage area of a BS or BS subsystem serving this coverage area. A server gateway (S-GW) 124 can communicate with the E-UTRAN 120 and can perform several functions, such as the routing and forwarding of packets, mobility with an anchor node, temporary storage of packets, initiation of services triggered by the network , etc. A mobility management entity (MME) 126 can communicate with the E-UTRAN 120 and the server gateway 124 and can perform various functions, such as mobility management, carrier management, paging message distribution, security control , authentication, gateway selection, etc. The network entities in LTE are described in 3GPP TS 36.300, entitled Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description, which is available to the public.
[0065] In NR systems, the terms cell and gNB, Node B, NB 5G, or TRP can be interchangeable. In some instances, a cell may not necessarily be fixed, and the cell's geographical area may move according to the location of a mobile base station. In some
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For example, base stations can be interconnected to each other and / or to one or more other base stations or network nodes (not shown) on access network 100 through various types of return transport channel interfaces ( backhaul), such as a direct physical connection, a virtual network, or the like, using any suitable transport network.
[0066] A radio access network (RAN) 130 can support GSM and can include a series of base stations 132 and other network entities that can support wireless communication for UEs. A mobile switching center (MSC) 134 can communicate with RAN 130, can support voice services, provide routing for circuit switched calls, and perform mobility management for UEs located within the area served by MSC 134. Optionally, an interoperation function (IWF) 140 can facilitate communication between MME 126 and MSC 134 (for example, for IxCSFB).
[0067] E-UTRAN 120, server gateway 124 and MME 126 may be part of an LTE 102 network. RAN 130 and MSC 134 may be part of a GSM 104 network. For simplicity, FIG. 1 shows only a few network entities on the LTE 102 network and the GSM 104 network. The LTE and GSM networks may also include other network entities that can support various functions and services.
[0068] In general, any number of wireless networks can be implemented in a given geographical area. Each wireless network can support a specific RAT and can operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT can also be designated as radio technology, overhead interface,
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24/74 etc. A frequency can also be called a carrier, frequency channel, etc. Each frequency can support a single RAT in a given geographic area in order to avoid interference between wireless networks from different RATs. In some cases, RAT R or 5G networks may be implemented.
[0069] An UE 110 can be fixed or mobile and can also be called a mobile station, terminal, access terminal, subscriber unit, station, etc. A UE can also be designated as an access terminal, terminal, mobile station, subscriber unit, station, etc. A UE can be an Equipment at the Customer Facility (CPE), a cell phone (for example, a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a portable device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a local wireless loop station (Local Wireless Loop WLL), a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, medical device or equipment, sensors / devices biometric devices, a mammalian implant device, wearable devices (smart watches, smart clothes, smart glasses, smart bracelets, smart jewelry (for example, a smart ring, a smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (for example, a device music or video, or a satellite radio), a vehicle component or sensor, smart meters / sensors, industrial manufacturing equipment, a firearm or common device military equipment, a global positioning system device, or any other appropriate device
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25/74 that is configured to communicate through a wired or wireless medium. Some UEs can be considered as enhanced or evolved machine type (UEs) communication UEs. The MTC and eMTC UEs include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices such as sensors, meters, monitors, location tags, etc., which can communicate with a base station, another device (for example, remote device), or some other entity. A wireless node can provide, for example, connectivity to or to a network (for example, a wide area network, such as the Internet, or a cellular network) through a wired or wireless communication link. Some UEs can be considered as Internet of Things (IoT) devices.
[0070] Upon startup, the UE 110 can search for wireless networks from which it can receive communication services. If more than one wireless network is detected, then a wireless network with the highest priority can be selected to serve the UE 110 and can be called a server network. UE 110 can register with the server network, if necessary. The UE 110 can then operate in a connected mode to actively communicate with the server network. Alternatively, the UE 110 can operate in an idle mode and connect when free on the server network if active communication is not required by the UE 110.
[0071] The UE 110 can be located within the cell cover of multiple frequencies and / or multiple RATs while in idle mode. For LTE, the UE 110 can select a frequency from a RAT to connect
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26/74 when free based on a list of priorities. This priority list can include a set of frequencies, a RAT associated with each frequency, and a priority for each frequency. For example, the priority list can include three frequencies X, Y and Z. Frequency X can be used for LTE and can have the highest priority, frequency Y can be used for GSM and can have the lowest priority, and the Z frequency can also be used for GSM and can have medium priority. In general, the priority list can include any number of frequencies for any set of RATs and can be specific to the location of the UE. The UE 110 can be configured to prefer LTE, when available, by defining the priority list with LTE frequencies in the
highest priority and with frequencies for other RATs in minor priorities example above. , per example, as provided by [0072]0 EU 110 can operate in idle mode as follows. 0 HUH 110 can identify all frequencies / RATs in which he can find one suitable cell ' ¹ in a normal scenario or a cell
acceptable in an emergency setting, where appropriate and acceptable are specified as a standard (for example, LTE). The UE 110 can then wait to connect to the frequency / RAT with the highest priority among all identified frequencies / RATs. The UE 110 may remain waiting to connect to this frequency / RAT until (i) the frequency / RAT is no longer available at a predetermined threshold or (iii) another frequency / RAT with a higher priority reaches this threshold. This behavior
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27/74 operational for UE 110 in idle mode is described in 3GPP
TS 36.304, entitled Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio
Access (E-UTRA); User Equipment (UE) procedures in idle mode, which is publicly available.
[0073] The UE 110 may be able to receive packet-switched data (PS) services from the LTE 102 network and may wait to connect to the LTE network while in idle mode. The LTE 102 network may have supported limited or no support for the VoIP protocol (voice over the Internet), which can generally be the case with early implementations of LTE networks. Due to limited VoIP support, the UE 110 can be transferred to another wireless network or another RAT for voice calls. This transfer can be called a circuit switched fallback (CS). The UE 110 can be transferred to a RAT that can support voice service, such as IxRTT, WCDMA, GSM, etc. For call origination with fallback CS, the UE 110 may initially connect to a wireless network from a source RAT (for example, LTE) that may not support voice service. The UE can originate a voice call with this wireless network and can be transferred via upper layer signaling to another wireless network from a destination RAT that is capable of supporting the voice call. The upper layer signaling to transfer the UE to the destination RAT can be for various procedures, for example, releasing connection with redirection, PS handover, etc.
[0074] In some examples, access to the air interface can be programmed. A programming entity (for example, a base station) can allocate
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28/74 resources for communication between some or all devices and equipment within their service area or cell. Within the present disclosure, as discussed in more detail below, the programming entity may be responsible for programming, assigning, reconfiguring and releasing resources to one or more subordinate entities. That is, for scheduled communication, subordinate entities use resources allocated by the programming entity.
[0075] Base stations are not the only entities that can function as a programming entity. That is, in some instances, an UE can function as a programming entity, programming resources for one or more subordinate entities (for example, one or more other UEs). In this example, the UE is functioning as a programming entity, and other UEs use resources programmed by the UE for wireless communication. A UE can function as a programming entity in a point-to-point (P2P) network, and / or in a mesh network. In an example of a mesh network, UEs can optionally communicate directly with each other in addition to communicating with the programming entity.
[0076] Thus, in a wireless communication network with programmed access to time-frequency resources and having a cellular configuration, a P2P configuration, and a mesh configuration, a programming entity and one or more subordinate entities can be communicate using the programmed resources.
[0077] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of an access network 200. The UE 206 can transmit
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29/74 an uplink reference signal that can be received by both a server and non-server BS 204, 208. The server and non-server BSs 204, 208 can receive the uplink reference signal and any of the BSs and they can transmit a handover command to the UE based, at least in part, on the uplink reference signal. The uplink reference signal can include an indication of a preferred downlink beam. For downlink-based mobility, the UE 206 can receive measurement reference signals (MRS) transmitted with different beams from the BS 204. The UE 206 can select the preferred beam based on the MRS. BS 204 can beamform the downlink signal to the UE using the preferred beam and / or BS 204 can send a handover command to the UE 206 based, at least in part, on the uplink reference signal. For uplink-based mobility, the UE 206 sends the uplink reference signal without MRS from the BS 204, and the BS 204 can send beam selection and / or handover decisions based on the measurement of the uplink reference signal . In some cases, a non-server BS 208 can receive the uplink reference signals and send a handover command to the UE 206.
[0078] In FIG. 2, access network 200 is divided into a series of cell regions (cells) 202. One or more BSs of lower power class 208 may have cell regions 210 that overlap one or more of cells 202. A class BS lower power 208 can be called a remote radio unit (RRH). The lower power class BS 208 can be a femtocell (for example, residential B (UNB)), picocell or
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30/74 microcell. Each of the BS 204 macros is assigned to a respective cell 202 and are configured to provide an access point to EPC 110 for all UEs 206 in cells 202. There is no centralized controller in this example 200 access network, but a centralized controller can be used in alternative configurations. BSs 204 are responsible for all radio related functions, including radio carrier control, admission control, mobility control, programming, security and connectivity to the 124 server gateway.
[0079] The modulation and multiple access scheme employed by the 200 access network may vary, depending on the specific telecommunications standard being implemented. In LTE applications, OFDM is used in DL and SC-FDMA in UL to support both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD). As will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art from the detailed description that follows, the various concepts presented here are well suited to LTE applications. However, these concepts can be readily extended to other telecommunications standards using other multiple access and modulation techniques. As an example, these concepts can be extended to Evolution-Data Optimized (EV-DO) or Ultra-Mobile Broadband (UMB) EV-DO and UMB are air interface standards promulgated by the organization 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 ( 3GPP2) as part of the CDMA2000 family of standards, and employ CDMA to provide broadband Internet access to mobile stations. These concepts can also be extended to Universal Access
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31/74
Terrestrial via Radio (UTRA) employing broadband CDMA (W-CDMA) and other CDMA variants, such as TD-SCDMA; Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) employing TDMA; and Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, and Flash-OFDM using OFDMA. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE and GSM are described in the documents of the 3GPP organization. CDMA2000 and UMB are described in the documents of the organization 3GPP2. The actual wireless communication standard and the multiple access technology employed will depend on the specific application, the general design restrictions imposed on the system, or the desired operational parameters.
[0080] BS 204 can have multiple antennas supporting MIMO technology (for example, massive MIMO). The use of MFMO technology allows BS 204 to explore the spatial domain to support spatial multiplexing, beam conformation, and transmission diversity. Spatial multiplexing can be used to transmit different data streams simultaneously on the same frequency. Data streams can be transmitted to a single UE 206 to increase the data rate or to multiple UEs 206 to increase the overall capacity of the system. This is achieved by the spatial pre-coding of each data stream (for example, by applying an amplitude and phase scaling), then transmitting each spatially pre-coded stream through multiple transmission antennas in the DL. The spatially precoded data streams reach the 206 UE (s) with different spatial signatures, which
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32/74 allows each UE (s) 206 to retrieve the one or more data streams destined for that UE 206. In UL, each UE 206 transmits a spatially pre-coded data stream, which allows BS 204 to identify the source of each spatially precoded data stream.
[0081] Spatial multiplexing is generally used when channel conditions are good. When channel conditions are less favorable, the beam conformation can be used to focus the transmission energy in one or more directions. This can be achieved by spatial pre-coding the data for transmission through multiple antennas. To obtain good coverage at the edges of the cells, a single stream beam forming transmission can be used in combination with the diversity of transmission.
[0082] In the detailed description that follows, various aspects of an access network will be described with reference to a MIMO system supporting OFDM in the DL. OFDM is a spectral spreading technique that modulates data on a series of subcarriers within an OFDM symbol. Subcarriers are separated into exact frequencies. Spacing provides orthogonality that allows a receiver to retrieve data from subcarriers. In the time domain, a guard interval (for example, cyclic prefix) can be added to each OFDM symbol to combat interference from the inter-OFDM symbol. UL can use SC-FDMA in the form of a DFT scattering OFDM signal to compensate for a high peak to medium power (PAPR) ratio.
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33/74 [0083] FIG. 3 is a diagram 300 illustrating an example of a DL frame structure in a telecommunications system (for example, LTE). One frame (10 ms) can be divided into 10 subframes of equal size with indexes from 0 to 9. Each subframe can include two consecutive time partitions. A resource grid can be used to represent two time partitions, each time partition including a resource block. The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements. In LTE, a resource block contains 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain, and, for a normal cyclic prefix in each OFDM symbol, 7 consecutive OFDM symbols in the time domain, or 84 resource elements. For an extended cyclic prefix, a resource block contains 6 consecutive OFDM symbols in the time domain and has 72 resource elements. Some of the resource elements, as indicated as R 302, 304, include DL reference signals (DL-RS). The RL-RS includes Cell specific RS (CRS) (also sometimes called common RS) 302 and the UE specific RS (UE-RS) 304. UE-RS 304 are transmitted only in the resource blocks over which the corresponding physical DL shared channel (PDSCH) is mapped. The number of bits carried by each resource element depends on the modulation scheme. Thus, the more blocks of resources a UE receives and the larger the modulation scheme, the higher the data transfer rate to the UE.
[0084] In LTE, an NB can send a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) to each cell in the BS. The signs of
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34/74 primary and secondary synchronization can be sent in symbol periods 6 and 5, respectively, in each of the subframes 0 and 5 of each radio frame with the normal cyclic prefix (CP). The synchronization signals can be used by the UEs for cell detection and acquisition. The NB can send a Physical Diffusion Channel (PBCH) in symbol periods 0 to 3 in partition 1 of subframe 0. The PBCH can carry certain system information. The NB can send a Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH) in the first symbol period of each subframe. The PCFICH can transmit the number of symbol periods (M) used for control channels, where M can be equal to 1, 2 or 3 and can change from subframe to subframe. M can also be equal to 4 for a small system bandwidth, for example, with less than 10 resource blocks.
[0085] The NB can send a Physical HARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH) and a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) in the first M symbol periods of each subframe. PHICH can carry information to support the automatic hybrid repeat request (HARQ). The PDCCH can carry information on resource allocation for UEs and control information for downlink channels. The NB can send a Shared Physical Downlink Channel (PDSCH) for the remaining symbol periods of each subframe. The PDSCH can carry data to UEs programmed for data transmission in the downlink.
[0086] The NB can send the PSS, SSS and PBCH in the central 1.08 MHz of the system bandwidth used by the NB. The NB can send the PCFICH and PHICH over the entire system bandwidth in each
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35/74 symbol in which these channels are sent. The NB can send the PDCCH to groups of UEs in certain parts of the system's bandwidth. The NB can send the PDSCH to specific UEs in specific parts of the system's bandwidth. The NB can send the PSS, SS, PCH, PCFICH and PHICH by broadcast to all UEs, can send the PDCCH in unicast to specific UEs, and can also send the PDSCH in unicast to specific UEs.
[0087] A number of resource elements may be available in each symbol period. Each resource element (RE) covers a subcarrier in a symbol period and can be used to send a modulation symbol, which can be a real or complex value. Resource elements not used for a reference signal in each symbol period can be arranged in groups of resource elements (REGs). Each REG can include four resource elements in a symbol period. The PCFICH can occupy four REGs, which can be spaced approximately equally in frequency, in the symbol period 0. PHICH can occupy three REGs, which can be spread in frequency, in one or more configurable symbol periods. For example, all three REGs for PHICH can belong to symbol period 0 or can be spread over symbol periods 0, 1 and 2. The PDCCH can occupy 9, 18, 36 or 72 REGs, which can be selected from among REGs available, in the first M symbol periods, for example. Only certain combinations of REGs can be allowed for the PDCCH.
[0088] An UE can know the specific REGs used for PHICH and PCFICH. The UE can seek different
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36/74 combinations of REGs for the PDCCH. The number of combinations to be searched for is typically less than the number of combinations allowed for the PDCCH. An NB can send the
PDCCH to the UE in any of the combinations that the UE will search for.
[0089] In other systems (for example, such R or 5G systems), a Node B can transmit these or other signals at these locations or at locations other than the subframe.
[0090] FIG. 4 is a diagram 400 illustrating an example of a UL frame structure in a telecommunications system (for example, LTE). The resource blocks available to UL can be partitioned into a data section and a control section. The control section can be formed at the two edges of the system's bandwidth and can be configurable in size. The resource blocks in the control section can be assigned to UEs for transmitting control information. The data section can include all resource blocks not included in the control section. The UL frame structure results in the data section including contiguous subcarriers, which can allow a single UE to be assigned to all contiguous subcarriers in the data section.
[0091] Resource blocks 410a, 410b in the control section can be assigned to a UE to transmit control information to a BS. You can also assign resource blocks 420a, 420b to the UE in the data section to transmit data to the BS. The UE can transmit control information on an UL control channel
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37/74 physical (PUCCH) in the resource blocks assigned in the control section. The UE can transmit only data or both data and control information on a shared physical UL channel (PUSCH) in the resource blocks assigned in the data section. A UL transmission can span both partitions of a subframe and can jump between frequencies.
[0092] A set of resource blocks can be used to perform initial system access and obtain UL synchronization on a random physical access channel (PRACH) 430. PRACH 430 carries a random string and cannot carry any data / UL signage. Each preamble of random access occupies a bandwidth corresponding to six consecutive resource blocks. The starting frequency is specified by the network. That is, the transmission of the random access preamble is restricted to certain time and frequency resources. There is no jump in frequency for PRACH. The PRACH attempt is carried on a single subframe (1 ms) or in a sequence of some contiguous subframes, and a UE can only perform a single PRACH attempt per frame (10 ms).
[0093] As will be described in more detail below, in other systems (for example, R or 5G systems), different uplink and / or downlink frame structures can be used.
[0094] FIG. 5 is a diagram 500 illustrating an example of a radio protocol architecture for the user and control plans in a telecommunications system (for example, LIE). The architecture of
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38/74 radio protocol for UE and BS is illustrated with three layers: Layer 1, Layer 2 and Layer 3. Layer 1 (layer Ll) is the lowest layer and implements several physical layer signal processing functions . The Ll layer will be designated here as physical layer 506. Layer 2 (layer L2) 508 is above the physical layer 506 and is responsible for the connection between the UE and the BS through physical layer 506.
[0095] At the user level, layer L2 508 includes a media access control (MAC) sublayer 510, a radio link control (RLC) 512 sublayer, and a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) sublayer ) 514, which are terminated at the BS on the network side. Although not illustrated, the UE may have several upper layers above the L2 508 layer, including a network layer (e.g., IP layer) that terminates at the PDN 118 gateway on the network side, and an application layer that terminates at the other end of the connection (for example, UE at the remote end, server, etc.).
[0096] The PDCP 514 sublayer provides multiplexing between different radio carriers and logical channels. The PDCP 514 sublayer also offers header compression for upper layer data packets to reduce radio transmission overhead, security by encrypting data packets, and handover support for UEs between BSs. The RLC 512 sublayer offers segmentation and grouping of upper layer data packets, retransmission of lost data packets, and reordering of data packets to compensate for out-of-order reception due to the automatic hybrid retry request
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39/74 (HARQ). The MAC 510 sublayer provides multiplexing between logical and transport channels. The MAC 510 sublayer is also responsible for allocating the various radio resources (for example, resource blocks) in a cell between the UEs. The MAC 510 sublayer is also responsible for HARQ operations.
[0097] In the control plane, the radio protocol architecture for the UE and the BS is substantially the same for the physical layer 506 and for the L2 layer 508, except that there is no header compression function for the plan. control. The control plan also includes a radio resource control (RRC) 516 sublayer at Layer 3 (layer L3). The RRC 516 sublayer is responsible for obtaining radio resources (that is, radio carriers) and for configuring the lower layers using RRC signaling between the BS and the UE.
[0098] FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a BS 610 communicating with an UE 650 in an access network in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The BSs of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 can include one or more components of BS 610 illustrated in FIG. 6. Similarly, the UEs illustrated in FIGs. 1 and 2 can include one or more components of the UE 650, as illustrated in FIG. 6. One or more components of the UE 650 and BS 610 can be configured to perform the operations described here.
[0099] In DL, the upper layer packets of the core network are supplied to a 675 controller / processor. The 675 controller / processor implements the L2 layer functionality. In the DL, the 675 controller / processor provides compression of
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40/74
header, encryption, segmentation and reordering in packages, multiplexing between logical channels and in transport , and allocations of resources radio to the UE 650 based across multiple metrics priority. 0
675 controller / processor is also responsible for HARQ operations, retransmission of lost packets, and signaling for the UE 650.
[00100] The TX 616 processor implements several signal processing functions for the LI layer (that is, the physical layer). Signal processing functions include encoding and interleaving to facilitate early error correction (FEC) in the UE 650 and mapping to signal constellations based on various modulation schemes (for example, binary phase shift modulation, modulation by quadrature phase shift (QPSK), M phase shift modulation (M-PSK), M quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The coded and modulated symbols are then to be divided into parallel streams. Each flow is then mapped to an OFDM subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (eg pilot) in the time and / or frequency domain, and then combined with each other using a Fast Inverse Fourier Transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a flow of OFDM symbols in the time domain. The OFDM stream is spatially pre-coded to produce multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates for a 674 channel estimator can be used to determine the coding and modulation scheme, as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimate can be derived from a signal of
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41/74 channel condition reference and / or feedback transmitted by EU 650. Each spatial stream is then supplied to a different antenna 620 via a separate 618TX transmitter. Each 618TX transmitter modulates
an RF carrier with respective spatial flow for streaming. [00101] At the UE 650, each 654RX receiver receives a signal through in respective antenna 652. Each
654RX receiver retrieves modulated information for an RF carrier and provides the information to the 656 receiver (RX) processor. The TX 656 processor implements several LI layer signal processing functions. The RX 656 processor performs spatial processing on the information to retrieve any spatial streams destined for the UE 650. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the EU 650, they can be combined by the RX 656 processor into a single OFDM symbol stream. The RX 656 processor then converts the OFDM symbol stream from the time domain to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The signal in the frequency domain comprises a separate stream of OFDM symbols for each sub-carrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier, and the reference signal, are retrieved and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted by BS 610. These soft decisions can be based on channel estimates calculated by the 658 channel estimator. Soft decisions are then coded and deinterleaved to retrieve the data and control the signals that were originally transmitted by BS 610 on the physical channel. The data and signals
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42/74 of control are then provided to the controller / processor
659.
[00102] The controller / processor 659 implements the L2 layer. Controller / processor 659 can be associated with memory 660 that stores program code and data. Memory 660 can be called a computer-readable medium. At UL, the 659 controller / processor offers demultiplexing between logical and transport channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, control signal processing to retrieve upper layer packets from the core network. The upper layer packets are then delivered to a data warehouse 602, which represents all protocol layers above the L2 layer. Various control signals can also be provided to data banks 662 for L3 processing. The 659 controller / processor is also responsible for error detection using an acknowledgment (ACK) and / or negative acknowledgment (NACK) protocol to support HARQ operations.
[00103] In UL, a 667 data source is used to provide upper layer packets to the 659 controller / processor. This 667 data source represents all protocol layers above the L2 layer. Similar to the functionality described in conjunction with the transmission of the DL by BS 610, the controller / processor 659 implements the L2 layer for the user plane to the control plane providing header compression, encryption, segmentation and reordering of packets, and multiplexing between channels
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43/74 logical and transport based on radio resource allocations by BS 610. Controller / processor 659 is also responsible for HARQ operations, retransmission of lost packets, and signaling to BS 610.
[00104] Channel estimates derived by a 658 channel estimator from a reference or feedback signal transmitted by BS 610 can be used by the TX 668 processor to select the appropriate coding and modulation schemes, and to facilitate spatial processing . The spatial streams generated by the TX 668 processor are supplied to different antennas 652 by means of separate transmitters 654TX. Each 654TX transmitter modulates an RF carrier with a respective spatial flow for transmission.
[00105] The UL transmission is processed in BS 610 in a similar manner to that described in connection with the receiving function in UE 650. Each 618RX receiver receives a signal through its respective 620 antenna. Each 618RX receiver retrieves modulated information for an RF carrier and provides the information to an RX 670 processor. The RX 670 processor can implement the LI layer.
[00106] The 675 controller / processor implements the L2 layer. The controller / processor 675 can be associated with a memory 676 that stores code and program data. Memory 676 can be called a computer-readable medium. At UL, the 675 controller / processor offers demultiplexing between logical and transport channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, control signal processing to retrieve upper layer packets from
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44/74 of UE 650. Controller / processor 675 upper layer packets can be delivered to the core network. The 675 controller / processor is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and / or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.
[00107] The controller / processor 659 can direct the operation on the UE 650. The controller / processor
659 and / or other processors, components and / or modules in the UE 650 may perform or direct operations performed by the UE as described here. The 675 controller / processor can direct operations on BS 610. The 675 controller / processor and / or other processors, components and / or modules on BS 610 can perform or direct operations performed by BS as described here. In aspects, one or more of the components illustrated in FIG. 6 can be employed to perform the exemplary operations 1300, 1400, 1700 and 1800 illustrated in FIGs. 13, 14, 17 and 18, respectively, and can also perform other UE and BS operations for the techniques described here.
[00108] For example, one or more of the antenna 620, transceiver 618, controller / processor and memory 676 can be configured to receive an uplink reference signal from a UE, measure the uplink reference signal, and transmit a handover command, as described here. One or more of antenna 652, transceiver 654, controller / processor 659 and memory
660 can be configured to transmit an uplink reference signal and receive a downlink signal
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45/74 conformed by beam or handover command, as described here.
RAN 5 / RG Architecture Example [00109] Although the aspects of the examples described here may be associated with LTE technologies, aspects of the present disclosure may apply to other wireless communications systems, such as NR or 5G technologies.
[00110] Nova Rádio (NR) can refer to radios configured to operate according to a new air interface (for example, other than the air interfaces based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA)) or transport layer fixed (for example, other than the Internet Protocol (IP)). NR can use OFDM with a CP in the uplink and downlink and includes support for semi-duplex operation using TDD. NR may include Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) service targeting wide bandwidth (eg, beyond 80 MHz, millimeter wave (mmW) targeting high carrier frequency (eg 60 GHz), massive MIC (mMTC ) targeting MIC techniques incompatible with previous versions, and / or mission critical targeting ultra-reliable low-latency communications service (URLLC).
[00111] A single component carrier bandwidth of 100 MHz can be supported. NR resource blocks can span 12 subcarriers with a 75 kHz subcarrier bandwidth for a duration of 0.1 ms. Each radio frame can consist of 50 subframes with a duration of 10 ms. Consequently, each subframe can have a duration of 0.2 ms. Each subframe
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46/74 can indicate a link direction (ie DL or UL) for data transmission and the link direction for each subframe can be switched dynamically. Each subframe can include DL / UL data, as well as DL / UL control data. The subframes of UL and DL to NR can be as described in more detail with reference to FIGs. 9 and 10.
[00112] The beam conformation can be supported and the beam direction can be dynamically configured. MIMO transmissions with pre-coding can also be supported. The MIMO configurations on the DL can support up to 8 transmitting antennas with multi-layered DL transmissions up to 8 streams and up to 2 streams per UE. Multilayer transmissions with up to 2 streams per EU can be supported. Multiple cell aggregation can be supported with up to 8 server cells. Alternatively, NR can support a different air interface, in addition to an OFDM based interface. NR networks can include entities, such as enteral units or distributed units.
[00113] The RAN can include a central unit (CU) and distributed units (DUs). The BS NR (for example, gNB, Node B 5G, Node B, transmit reception point (TRP), access point (AP)) can correspond to one or multiple BSs. NR cells can be configured as access cells (A-Cells) or data-only cells (D-Cells). For example, the RAN (for example, a central unit or distributed unit) can configure the cells. D-cells may be cells used for carrier aggregation or dual connectivity, and may not be used for initial access, cell selection / re-selection, or
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47/74 handover. In some cases, D-cells may not transmit synchronization signals (SS) - in some cases, D-cells may transmit SS. NR BSs can transmit downlink signals to UEs indicating the cell type. Based on the cell type indication, the UE can communicate with BS NR. For example, the UE can determine BSs NR to consider cell selection, access, handover and / or measurement based on the indicated cell type.
[00114] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of the logical architecture of a distributed RAN 700, according to aspects of the present disclosure. A 5G 706 access node can include an access node controller (ANC) 702. The ANC can be a central unit (CU) of the distributed RAN 700. The return transport channel interface to the next generation core network ( NG-CN) 704 may end at the ANC. The return transport channel interface for adjacent next generation access nodes (NG-ANs) can end at the ANC. The ANC may include one or more 708 TRPs (which may also be called BSs, BSs NR, Nodes B, NBs 5G, APs, or some other term). As described above, a TRP can be used interchangeably with a cell.
[00115] TRPs 708 can be a distributed unit (DU). TRPs can be connected to one ANC (ANC 702) or to more than one ANC (not shown). For example, for RAN sharing, radio as a service (RaaS) and service-specific AND implementations, TRP can be connected to more than one ANC. A TRP can include one or more antenna ports. TRPs can be configured to serve traffic individually (for example, selection
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48/74 dynamically) or jointly (for example, joint transmission) to a UE.
[00116] Local architecture 700 can be used to illustrate the definition of fronthaul. The architecture can be defined to support fronthaul solutions in different types of implementations. For example, the architecture may be based on the capabilities of the transmission network (for example, bandwidth, latency and / or latency variation (jitter)).
[00117] The architecture can share aspects and / or components with LTE. According to the aspects, the next generation AN (NG-AN) 710 can support dual connectivity with NR. NG-AN can share a common fronthaul for LTE and NR.
[00118] The architecture may allow cooperation between TRPs 708. For example, cooperation can be defined within a TRP and / or between TRPs through ANC 702. According to the aspects, no inter-TRP interface may be necessary /be present.
[00119] According to the aspects, a dynamic configuration of divided logic functions can be present within the 700 architecture. The PDCP, RLC, MAC protocol can be placed adaptively in ANC or TRP.
[00120] According to certain aspects, a BS may include a central unit (CU) (for example, ANC
702) and / or one or more units distributed (for example, one or more TRPs 708). [00121] A FIG. 8 illustrates an example of physical architecture of a RAN distributed 800, according to
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49/74 with aspects of the present disclosure. A centralized core network unit (C-CU) 802 can host core network functions. C-CU can be implemented centrally. C-CU functionality can be downloaded (for example, for advanced wireless services (AWS)), in an effort to manage peak capacity.
[00122] A centralized RAN unit (C-RU) 804 can host one or more ANC functions. Optionally, the CRU can host core network functions locally. The C-RU can have a distributed implementation. The C-RU may be closer to the edge of the network.
[00123] A distributed unit (DU) 706 can host one or more TRPs. DU can be located at the edges of the network with radio frequency (RF) functionality.
[00124] FIG. 9 is a diagram 900 illustrating an example of a subframe centered on the DL. The subframe centered on the DL may include a control part 902. The control part 902 may exist on the initial part of the subframe centered on the DL. Control part 902 may include various programming information and / or control information corresponding to various parts of the DL-centered subframe. In some configurations, control part 902 may be a physical DL control channel (PDCCH), as indicated in FIG. 9. The DL centered subframe can also include a DL 904 data portion. The DL 904 data portion can sometimes be called the payload of the DL centered subframe. The DL 904 data portion may include the communication resources used to communicate DL data from the programming entity (for example, UE or BS) to the entity
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50/74 subordinate (e.g. EU). In some configurations, the DL 904 data portion may be a shared channel of
Physical DL (PDSCH).
[00125] The DL-centered subframe can also include a common UL 906 part. The common UL 906 part can sometimes be called a UL burst, a common UL burst, and / or several other suitable terms. The common UL part 906 may include feedback information corresponding to several other parts of the DL-centered subframe. For example, common UL part 906 may include feedback information corresponding to control part 902. Non-limiting examples of feedback information may include an ACK signal, a NACK signal, an HARQ indicator and / or various other types of information appropriate. The common UL part 906 may include additional or alternative information, such as information pertaining to random access channel (RACK) procedures, programming requests (SRs), and various other types of suitable information. As illustrated in FIG. 9, the end of the DL 904 data part can be separated temporally from the beginning of the common UL part 90 6. This temporal separation can sometimes be called a gap, guard period, guard interval and / or several other suitable terms . This separation provides time for changing the DL communication (for example, receiving operation by the subordinate entity (for example, UE)) to UL communication (for example, transmission by the subordinate entity (for example, UE)). An individual with general knowledge of the technique may understand that what was presented is merely an example of a
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51/74 subframe centered on the DL, and alternative structures with similar aspects may exist without necessarily departing from the aspects described here.
[00126] FIG. 10 is a diagram 1000 illustrating an example of a UL-centered subframe. The UL centered subframe may include a control part 1002. The control part 1002 may exist in the initial part of the UL centered subframe. Control part 1002 in FIG. 10 may be similar to the control part 1002 described above with reference to FIG. 9. The UL centered subframe may also include a UL 1004 data portion. The UL 1004 data portion may sometimes be referred to as the UL centered subframe payload. The UL part can refer to the communication resources used to communicate UL data from the subordinate entity (for example, UE) to the programming entity (for example, UE or BS). In some configurations, control part 1002 can be a shared physical UL channel (PUSCH).
[00127] As illustrated in FIG. 10, the end of the control part 1002 can be separated temporally from the beginning of the data part of UL 1004. This temporal separation can sometimes be called a gap, guard period, guard interval and / or various other suitable terms. This separation provides time for changing the DL communication (for example, reception operation by the programming entity) to UL communication (for example, transmission by the programming entity). The UL-centered subframe can also include a common UL part 1006. The common UL part 1006 in FIG. 10 may be similar to the part of common UL 1006 described above with reference to
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52/74
FIG. 10. The common UL part 1006 may additionally, or as an alternative, include information pertaining to the channel quality indicator (CQI), survey reference signals (SRSs), and various other suitable types of information. An individual with general knowledge of the technique may understand that what has been presented is merely an example of a sub-framework centered on UL, and there may be alternative structures with similar aspects without necessarily departing from the aspects described here.
[00128] In some circumstances, two or more subordinate entities (for example, UEs) can communicate with each other using sidelink signals. Real-world applications of such sidelink communications can include public security, proximity services, retransmission from the UE to the network, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, Internet of Things (loE) communications, loT communications, mission mesh critical and / or various other suitable applications. Generally, a sidelink signal can refer to a signal communicated from a subordinate entity (for example, UE1) to another subordinate entity (for example, UE2) without relaying that communication through the programming entity (for example, UE or BS), although the programming entity can be used for programming and / or control purposes. In some examples, sidelink signals can be communicated using a licensed spectrum (different from wireless local area networks, which typically use an unencumbered spectrum).
Example of Downlink-based Mobility Procedure
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53/74 [00129] FIG. 11 illustrates an illustrative call flow diagram illustrating 1100 operations that can be performed in a handover procedure, according to certain wireless technologies. For example, in a 4G communication system, a UE 1102 synchronizes with a source BS 1104. In 1108, the source BS 1104 provides (for example, transmits) a measurement configuration for the UE 1102. The measurement configuration it can include one or more of the cells on which the UE 1102 can perform measurements, criteria used by the UE 1102 to trigger a transmission of a measurement report and / or the measurements that the UE 1102 can perform.
[00130] In 710, UE 1102 measures downlink signals transmitted by a destination BS 1106 according to the received measurement configuration. For example, UE 1102 can measure cell-specific reference signals (CRS) transmitted by destination BS 706, in an attempt to determine the quality of the downlink channel. A 1112 handover trigger occurs based, at least in part, on the downlink signal measurements from the UE. For example, the handover trigger at 1112 may occur after determining that the quality of the downlink channel associated with the destination BS 1106 exceeds the quality of the downlink channel associated with the source BS 1104.
[00131] In response to the handover trigger in 1114, UE 1102 transmits a condition request (SR) message to source BS 1104. Source BS 114 transmits an uplink allocation at 1116 in UE 1102. The UE 1102 transmits a measurement report at 1118 using the received uplink allocation. In 1120, the BS of origin 1104 and
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54/74 the destination BS 1106 exchange information and make a handover decision with respect to UE 1102 based on the measurement report received. Therefore, the handover decision can be based, at least in part, on the downlink signal measurements obtained by UE 1102.
[00132] Based on the handover decision in 1120, the source BS 1104 transmits, in 1122, a radio resource control connection (RRC) reconfiguration message, indicating a request to modify an RRC connection and perform a handover for destination BS 110 6. After receiving the handover command, UE 1102, in 1124, performs a random access procedure with destination BS 1106. In 1126, UE 1102 receives a random access response and allocation of uplink from destination BS 1106. In 1128, UE 1102 transmits an RRC connection reset completion message to destination BS 1106, confirming completion of the RRC connection reset.
Example of Uplink-Based Mobility [00133] As described above, handover decisions can be based on measurements of the received downlink signals (for example, downlink-based mobility). In an attempt to perform handovers in a user-centered environment, it may be desirable to perform handovers based, at least in part, on the uplink signal measurements obtained by the BSs. For example, R / 5G and other future communications systems may focus on creating a more user-centric network. The user-centered network can refer to the use of user devices in autonomous wireless community networks and autoPetition 870180068262, from 06/08/2018, p. 62/110
55/74 organizable, for example, created and controlled by the user.
[00134] FIG. 12 illustrates an example of a call flow diagram illustrating operations 1200 that can be performed in a handover procedure, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. In 1208, source BS 1204 provides UE 1202 with a configuration for an uplink reference signal to be transmitted by UE 1202. This uplink reference signal, which can be called a chirp, can be advantageously received by both the BS of source 1204 and one or more target BSs 1206.
[00135] Although not illustrated in FIG. 12, source BS 1204 and destination BS 1206 can exchange information related to UE 1202 (for example, via an X2 interface or return transport channel connection), in an attempt to facilitate the detection of the incoming signal. uplink reference by destination BS 1206. For example, destination BS 1206 can receive a UE ID and / or reference signal configuration (eg chirp configuration) from source BS 1204. In this way, destination BS 1206 can be aware of UE 1202 and can detect the uplink reference signal.
[00136] According to certain aspects, although not illustrated in FIG. 12, power control commands can be received by UE 1202 for the uplink reference signal. For example, source BS 1204 may transmit power control commands to the uplink reference signal in an attempt to target BS 1206 to receive the uplink reference signal.
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56/74 [00137] According to certain aspects, the uplink reference signal may include a cyclic prefix (CP) configuration that can assist destination BS 1206 in detecting the chirp signal. Since the uplink signals can be time-aligned with the source BS 1204, allowing a special CP configuration for the chirp signal can increase the chances of receiving by the destination BS.
[00138] If compared to the handover procedure illustrated in FIG. 11, the aspects described here allow a handover decision to be made based on the measurements of the uplink reference signal obtained by the source BS 1204 and the destination BS 1206. Thus, as will be described with reference to FIG. 12, UE 1202 receives a keep alive KA / handover command or RRC connection reconfiguration message from source BS 1206, instead of receiving RRC connection reconfiguration message from BS from origin 1204.
[00139] In 1210, UE 1202 transmits an uplink reference signal, according to the received chirp configuration, capable of being received by both source BS 1204 and destination BS 1206. Source BS 1204 and BS destination 1206 measure the received uplink reference signal. In 1212, the source BS 1204 and the destination BS 1206 can collectively decide to handover the UE 1202 from the source BS 1204 to the destination BS 1206 based on the uplink measurements of the chirp signal.
[00140] In 1214, one of the source BS 1204 or the destination BS 1206 can transmit a KA / handover command to the UE 1202, indicating that a handover
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57/74 should be carried out. According to certain aspects, the KA / handover message can be shuffled by a UE identifier, instead of, for example, a cell identification. Scrambling by the UE identifier allows the destination BS 1206 to transmit the KA / handover command at 1214. The KA / handover message may include the identification of the destination BS cell and time advance (TA). According to certain aspects, the destination BS 1206 can determine the TA based on the received uplink reference signal. In addition, the KA / handover command 1214 can include an uplink / downlink allocation for the destination BS 1206 and the UE 1202. In this way, the UE 1202 can start communicating with the destination BS 1206 after receiving the KA / handover.
[00141] In 1216, at least one of the source BS 1204 or the destination BS 1206 can transmit an RRC connection reconfiguration message indicating a request to modify an RRC connection. For example, the BS that initiates the handover can transmit the RRC connection reconfiguration message. In 1218, UE 1202 transmits an RRC connection reconfiguration completion message to destination BS 1206.
[00142] As described above, an uplink reference signal transmitted by UE 1202 allows the source BS 1204 and one or more potential destination BSs 1206 to measure the strength of the uplink signal. The uplink reference signal can be a dedicated RRC uplink reference signal. According to the aspects, the uplink reference signal can be a broadband uplink signal.
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58/74 [00143] FIG. 13 illustrates examples of 1300 operations that can be performed by a UE (e.g., UE 110), in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Operations can be performed by one or more components of the UE 650 illustrated in FIG. 6. For example, one or more of antenna 652, transceiver 654, controller / processor 659 and memory 660 can be configured to perform the operations illustrated in FIG. 13.
[00144] In 1302, the UE can be configured to transmit an uplink reference signal. In 1304, the UE can be configured to receive a handover command based, at least in part, on the uplink reference signal. In 1306, the UE can be configured to perform one or more actions to make a handover to a destination BS according to the handover command.
[00145] As described above, the UE can receive a configuration for the uplink reference signal from a server BS, where the configuration allows the destination BS to receive the uplink reference signal. Advantageously, the handover command can be received from a serving BS or a destination BS. The handover command can be scrambled by a UE identifier (instead of a cell ID). Similar to the handover command, the connection reconfiguration message can be received from one of the serving BS or the destination BS.
[00146] The handover command can include one or more of a cell identification associated with a target BS, a time advance (TA) associated with the BS of
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59/74 destination, or an uplink / downlink resource allocation for communication with the destination BS.
[00147] The UE can receive a power control command from the serving BS for the uplink reference signal and can transmit the uplink reference signal according to the received power control command.
[00148] As described above, a cyclic prefix (CP) of the uplink reference signal may be longer than a CP of another type of reference signal, in an attempt to assist the target BS in detecting the reference signal uplink.
[00149] FIG. 14 illustrates illustrative operations 1400 that can be performed by a first BS, such as a BS serving a UE or a non-serving BS, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Operations can be performed by one or more components of the BS 610 illustrated in FIG. 6. For example, one or more of the antenna 620, transceiver 618, controller / processor 675 and memory 676 can be configured to perform operations 1400.
[00150] In 1402, BS can receive an uplink reference signal from a user's equipment (UE). In 1404, BS can measure the uplink reference signal. In 1406, BS can transmit a handover command to the UE based, at least in part, on the measured uplink reference signal.
[00151] The serving BS can transmit, to the UE, a configuration for the uplink reference signal,
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60/74 where the configuration allows a second non-server BS to receive the uplink reference signal.
[00152] A non-server BS (for example, a destination BS) can receive, from the server BS, a configuration for the uplink reference signal, where the configuration allows the non-server BS to receive the signal uplink reference
[00153] As described above, both the server BS and the non-server BS can transmit a connection reconfiguration message to the UE.
[00154] The aspects described here allow support for direct and reverse handover using an uplink reference signal. For example, a direct handover can refer to a handover in which a UE receives the handover command directly from a destination BS. According to an example of a direct handover, with reference to FIG. 1, a UE 110 communicating with a source BS 132 can handover to a target BS BS 122 without the source BS 132 first prepare the target BS 122 for handover. An inverse handover can refer to a handover in which the UE receives a handover command from the serving BS. Using an uplink signal that can be received by a serving and non-serving BS, aspects of the present disclosure allow handover decisions to be made using the measurement of the uplink reference signal.
EXAMPLE OF BEAM SELECTION FOR MOBILITY BASED ON UPLINK AND DOWNLINK [00155] In some cases, radio access technology (RAT) networks (for example, 5G and
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61/74 higher) can be implemented with multiple base stations (BSs) (for example, transmit reception points (TRPs), gNBs, new radio BSs (NR), access points (APs), Nodes B (NBs) , NBs 5G, etc.), for example, such as BS 122. In such cases, the data can be beam-formed using the BSs.
[00156] In such advanced RAT networks, there can be two general types of mobility procedures: uplink-based and downlink-based mobility procedures. For the uplink-based case, a UE (for example, UE 110) can send an uplink reference signal (for example, such as the UE chirp, described here and also called an uplink sync signal (URS), uplink mobility indication channel (UMICH) or uplink reference signal (URS)) and the network (for example, BS) can measure uplink reference signals and make a mobility decision based on measurement. On the other hand, for the case based on the downlink, the network sends downlink reference signals (for example, measurement reference signals (MRS)) and the UE measures the downlink reference signals and sends a measurement report message including the measured results of downlink benchmarks when certain reporting criteria are met.
[00157] Aspects of the present disclosure provide mechanisms for beam-based wireless communication systems that can help to efficiently carry out a beam selection with UL-based techniques, DL-based techniques, or a hybrid combination of both UL and DL based techniques.
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62/74 [00158] Beam-based mobility procedures (for example, to select different beams based on channel conditions) can be implemented using a variant of existing mobility procedures, but repeated with (reference signals transmitted using) different bundles. For example, starting from the primary sync signal (PSS) and / or the secondary sync signal (SSS) to subsequent signals based on the transmit / receive beam pairs (Tx / Rx).
[00159] Aspects of the present disclosure provide a beam selection mechanism for such RAT networks for mobility scenarios based on downlink, based on uplink and based on uplink-downlink.
Example of Beam Selection for Uplink Based Mobility [00160] For mobility based on
UL (which can also be called UE Centered Mobility, as it is based on UL reference signals transmitted by a UE), the design targets can be reduced network RS transmission for energy saving, greater reliability of the handover, reduced handover frequency, and greater energy savings from the UE.
[00161]
FIG. 15 is an example of a state diagram illustrating examples of uplink-based mobility based on the UE, according to certain aspects of the disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 15, the UE (for example, the UE 110) can perform an initial connection procedure at 15021514. The UE may be in the IDLE (idle) RRC state during the initial access. In the IDLE RRC state, the UE may not have
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63/74 dedicated resources. The UE can monitor a paging channel with a long discontinuous reception cycle (DRX) (for example, around 320 ms-2560 ms). The UE can receive data from the multimedia broadcast / multicast service (MBMS) while in this state. Cell selection can be performed for initial access.
[00162] As illustrated in FIG. 15 in 1502, the UE monitors the synchronization channel found during cell selection, for example, for a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary SS (SSS). Once the UE is synchronized, the UE can receive the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) and system information (SI) in 1504. In 1506, the UE sends an uplink reference signal (for example, chirp), and , in 1508, receives a keep alive signal (KA). Ο ΚΑ can indicate whether the network has data for the UE (for example, paging indicator = TRUE or FALSE). In 1510, the UE can receive connection configuration information, for example, which may include information to decode dedicated channel information, such as cell ID, C-RNTI, time advance information (TA) and / or information from resource allocation (RA) for the UE. The UE can use the allocated resources to transmit an RRC connection request message in 1512. In 1514, the UE can receive the RRC connection configuration from the BS. This can complete the initial access and the UE can enter the dedicated RRC state, which can also be called RRC_CONECTED mode.
[00163] In the dedicated RRC state, the UE can perform steps 1516-1522 illustrated in FIG. 15. In the dedicated RRC state, the UE can contain C-RNTI and resources
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64/74 dedicated. In the dedicated RRC state, for controlled network mobility, the UE monitors the KA signals (for example, a physical layer signal (PHY)) with a short DRX cycle (for example, from 2 ms to 640 ms), sends uplink reference (and also CQI), and uses a TA. The resource for the uplink reference signal can be a UE-specific resource (for example, similar to the poll reference signal) assigned by BS. As illustrated in FIG. 15, in 1516, the UE receives radio resource management (RRM) configuration information from the BS. The RRM configuration information can be related to a mobility configuration for the UE. In 1518, the UE sends the uplink reference signal according to the RRM configuration information. In 1520, the UE monitors for the KA signal. If the KA signal indicates data for the UE, the UE monitors the downlink channel. In 1522, the UE can receive a handover command on the downlink channel. In this case, the UE remains in the dedicated RRC state and can repeat steps 1516-1522 with the new BS (for example, target) after the handover. On the other hand, if the KA signal does not indicate paging for the UE (for example, after a period of inactivity), then the UE can receive a state transition command in 1524 and transition to the RRC common state. The RRC common state can also be called the RRC idle state, the SLEEP RRC state, or the Energy Conserved Operation (ECO) state. The common RRC state or inactive RRC can be a substrate of the CONNECTED RRC state or the idle RRC sleep mode. The terms can be used interchangeably.
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65/74 [00164] In the common RRC state or in the inactive RRC state, the UE can perform steps 1526-1532 illustrated in FIG. 15. In the common RRC state, the UE may have a common RRC radio radio identifier (RCRNTI, for example, Z-RNTI or C-RNTI) and common resources (for example, instead of dedicated resources). In the common RRC state, the network can track changes to the server node. As illustrated in FIG. 15, in 1526, the UE monitors synchronization and, in 1528, sends an uplink reference signal. The uplink reference signal can include a UE ID and / or a UE buffer status report (BSR). The UE can remain in the RRC common state until receiving a KA signal in 1530, which indicates the activity to the user (or that the UE has data to transmit), at which point the UE can perform the connection configuration in 1532 for make the transition to the RRC CONNECTED state. As illustrated, in the common RRC state, the uplink reference signal can be used to make changes to the server node. For example, the KA signal can indicate the paging indication and the UE can repeat steps 1526 to 1530 until the KA signal indicates activity in the user's plan for the UE. If the server cell changes, the network can autonomously change the server cell without indicating a paging indicator = TRUE for the HO command.
[00165] According to certain aspects, for uplink-based mobility, the handover decision (selection of the transmission point) by BS can be based on the measurement of the uplink reference signal from the UE. For uplink-based mobility, BS may not send measurement reference signals (MRS) to the UE. The selection
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66/74 beam can also be performed by BS based on the uplink reference signal from the UE.
[00166] FIG. 16 is an exemplary 1600 call flow diagram illustrating uplink-based beam selection for mobility, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The call flow 1600 is a more generalized version of the state diagram illustrated in FIG. 15 for uplink-based mobility, and also shows the beam selection (not shown in FIG.
15). As it shows The FIG. 16, in 1606, O EU 1602 can monitor signals in synchronization foracquisition (per example, illustrated at FIG. 15). The signs synchronization may include PSS, SSS and / or Zone SS (ZSS) . in 1608, the UE
1602 sends uplink reference signals that can optionally include the UE ID. The uplink reference signals can be similar to the Msg 1 and Msg 3 signaling of a random access procedure (RA) in the LTE system. In 1610, UE 1602 receives a KA signal (for example, with PI = TRUE) from BS 1604. Optionally, 1610a, after receiving the KA signal, UE 1602 receives a Physical Cell Identity Channel (PCICH) indicating a cell ID. In 1612, UE 1602 receives a C-RNTI, time advance (TA) and / or uplink concession from BS 1604. This can be similar to Msg2 and Msg4 of the RA procedure. In 1615, UE 1602 and BS 1604 can exchange an addition signal similar to conventional LTE signaling performed after Msg 4 (for example, completion of the RA procedure) and information configuring the uplink reference signal.
[00167] In 1616, UE 1602 can transmit uplink reference signal (s) to BS 1604. BS 1604
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67/74 can measure the uplink reference signal (s) from UE 1602 and, in 1618, select the downlink beam and / or BS based on the measurements. In 1620, UE 1602 and BS 1604 can transmit uplink and / or downlink data. In addition, channel state feedback (CSF) can be transmitted.
Example of Beam Selection for Downlink-Based Mobility [00168] FIG. 17 illustrates examples of 1700 operations for beam selection for downlink-based mobility, according to certain aspects of the disclosure. 1700 operations can be performed by a UE (for example, the UE 110). Operations 1700 can be performed by one or more components of UE 650 illustrated in FIG. 6. For example, one or more of antenna 652, transceiver 654, controller / processor 659 and memory 660 can be configured to perform 1700 operations.
[00169] In 1702, the UE transmits an uplink reference signal with an indication of a preferred downlink beam. The uplink reference signal can include a UE ID. In some cases, the preferred beam can be selected (and the uplink reference signal transmitted) during a connection establishment procedure. Alternatively, the uplink reference signal with the preferred beam can be transmitted after completing the connection establishment procedure. The selection of the preferred beam can be based on the MRSs received from the BS.
[00170] In 1704, the UE receives a downlink transmission based, at least in part, on the
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68/74 uplink reference. For example, the UE may receive downlink transmissions conformed to a beam based on the preferred beam or the UE may receive a handover command based on the uplink reference signal.
[00171] FIG. 18 illustrates examples of 1800 operations for beam selection for downlink-based mobility, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Operations 1800 can be performed by a BS, such as BS 122. Operations 1800 can be performed by one or more components of the BS 610 illustrated in FIG. 6. For example, one or more of the antenna 620, transceiver 618, controller / processor 675 and memory 676 can be configured to perform 1800 operations. 1800 operations can be complementary operations performed by BS to 1700 operations performed by the HUH.
[00172] In 1802, BS receives an uplink reference signal with an indication of a preferred downlink beam. In 1804, BS transmits a downlink transmission based, at least in part, on the uplink reference signal.
[00173] FIGS. 19 and 20 illustrate examples of call flow diagrams for beam selection for downlink-based mobility. For DL-based mobility, the network relies on feedback provided by the UE after the measurement of the MRS (measurement reference signals). In some cases, MRS can be transmitted using different beams, so that feedback is used to select a preferred beam for DL transmissions. According to certain aspects, in an inter-BS beam management scheme, multiple beams
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Different 69/74 can be transmitted by multiple different BSs.
Example of Beam Selection during Initial Access [00174] According to certain aspects, the UE may send an uplink reference signal with an indication of a preferred downlink beam (for example, or an index of suitable downlink beams) during initial access. For example, the uplink reference signal can be in the first message sent from the UE to the BS.
[00175] As shown in Fig. 19, in 1906, UE 1902 can monitor synchronization signals for acquisition. For the case of downlink-based mobility, in 1908, BS 1904 sends reference signals (for example, MRS) to UE 1902. In the example illustrated in FIG. 19, MRS are sent during initial access. MRS can use different beams, so that UE 1902 can measure MRS and select a preferred beam and / or a preferred BS in 1910. In some cases, UE 1502 can receive MRS using different multi-beam conformations BSs. Then, in 1912, during initial access (for example, in the first message from UE 1902 to BS 1904), UE 1902 sends an uplink reference signal with an indication of the preferred downlink beam and / or the BS. In some cases, the indication of the preferred beam may be an index of the appropriate downlink beams. The uplink reference signal can optionally include the ID_UE.
[00176] In 1914, UE 1902 receives a KA signal (for example, with PI = TRUE) from BS 1904. Optionally, 1.914a, after receiving the KA signal, UE 1902
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70/74 receives a Physical Cell Identity Channel (PCICH) indicating a cell ID. In 1916, UE 1902 receives CRNTI, TA and uplink concession from BS 1904. In 1918, UE 1902 and BS 1904 can exchange a plus sign similar to the conventional LTE sign made after Msg 4 (for example, completion of the RA procedure) and information configuring the uplink reference signal. In 1920, UE 1902 and BS 1904 can exchange downlink and uplink data, and possibly CSF. Downlink data from BS 1904 can be shaped per beam according to the preferred beam indicated by the UE
1902. BS 1904 can also make mobility decisions and send a handover command based on the uplink reference signal, such as based on the preferred beam and / or BS indication.
[00177] As illustrated in FIG. 19 the beam selection can continue after initial connection. In 1922, additional transmissions of the uplink reference signals from UE 1902 (with an indication of a preferred downlink beam and / or BS) and MRS from BS 1904 may occur. The transmissions can be periodic and can have different periodicities configured. Additional UPLINK and MRS reference signals can be used to optimize beam selection.
Example of Beam Selection after Initial Access [00178]
According to certain aspects, MRS measurement and beam selection may not occur until after the initial access procedure is completed as illustrated in FIG. 16.
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71/74 [00179] As illustrated in FIG. 20, the initial transmissions 2006-2014 may be similar to transmissions in 1606-1614 for the uplink-based mobility procedure illustrated in FIG. 16. In 2006, UE 2002 can monitor synchronization signals for acquisition. In 2008, the UE 2002 sends an uplink reference signal that can optionally include the UE ID - but does not include the indication of the preferred downlink beam and / or the transmission receiving point.
[00180] In 2010, UE 2002 receives a KA signal (for example, with PI = TRUE) from BS 2004. Optionally, 2010a, after receiving the KA signal, UE 2010 receives a Physical Cell Identity Channel ( PCICH) indicating a cell ID. In 2012, UE 2002 receives TA and uplink concession from BS 2004. In 2014, UE 2002 and BS 2004 can exchange a plus sign similar to the conventional LTE sign made after Msg 4 (eg completion of procedure) and information configuring the uplink reference signal.
[00181] After the initial access procedure is completed in 2016, BS 2004 sends reference signals (for example, MRS) to UE 2002. In some cases, multiple BSs can send reference signals to UE 2002. UE 2002 can measure the MRS and select a preferred beam and / or a preferred BS in 2018. Then, in 2020, the UE 2002 sends an uplink reference signal indicating the preferred downlink beam and / or BS (a) .
[00182] In 2022, UE 2002 and BS 2004 can exchange downlink and uplink data, and possibly CSF. Downlink data from BS 2004 can be
Petition 870180068262, of 08/06/2018, p. 79/110
72/74 conformed by beam according to the preferred downlink beam indicated by the UE 2002. BS 2004 can also make mobility decisions and send a handover command based on the uplink reference signal, as well as based on the indication of the preferred beam and / or BS. In 2022, additional transmissions of the uplink reference signals from UE 2002 (with an indication of a preferred downlink beam and / or BS) and MRS from BS 2004 may occur. The transmissions can be periodic and can have different periodicities configured. Additional UPLINK and MRS reference signals can be used to optimize beam selection.
Beam Selection Example for Hybrid Mobility Based on Downlink-Uplink [00183] According to certain aspects, a beam selection and hybrid mobility approach based on uplink and downlink can be used. In the hybrid approach, beam selection and / or transmission reception point decisions can be based on both uplink and downlink reference signals. For example, similarly to uplink-based mobility, mobility decisions (for example, handover) by BS can be based on the uplink reference signal. However, the beam selection can be performed by the UE and included in the uplink reference signal and based on the measurement of the MRS with different beams transmitted by the BS.
[00184] It is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the revealed processes is an illustration of the illustrative approaches. Based on design preferences, it is understood that the specific order
Petition 870180068262, of 08/06/2018, p. 80/110
73/74 or hierarchy of steps in processes can be reorganized. In addition, some steps can be combined or omitted. The accompanying method claims the present elements of the various stages in an illustrative order, and is not intended to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.
[00185] As used here, an expression referring to at least one of a list of items refers to any combination of these items, including individual members. As an example, at least one of: a, b or c is intended to cover a, b, c, ab, ac, bc and abc, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (for example, aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb-, acc, bb, bbb, bbc, cc and ccc or any other order of a, b and c).
[00186] The previous description is presented to enable any individual versed in the technique to practice the various aspects described here. Several changes to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims do not intend to be limited to the aspects illustrated here, and they must agree with the full scope in line with the language claims, and references to an element in the singular are not intended to mean one (a) and only one (a) , unless explicitly stated, but one or more. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term no (a) refers to one or more. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this
Petition 870180068262, of 08/06/2018, p. 81/110
74/74 disclosure which are known or will later be known to those skilled in the art are explicitly incorporated herein by way of reference and should be covered by the claims. Furthermore, none of what has been revealed here should be dedicated to the public, regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. No claim element should be interpreted as a more functional means, unless the element is explicitly stated using the expression means for.

权利要求:
Claims (30)
[1]
1. Method for wireless communication by user equipment (UE), comprising:
transmitting an uplink reference signal with an indication of a preferred downlink beam; and receiving a downlink transmission based, at least in part, on the uplink reference signal.
[2]
A method according to claim 1, further comprising comprising a UE ID in the uplink reference signal.
[3]
A method according to claim 1, further comprising:
selecting the preferred beam during a connection establishment procedure, wherein transmitting the uplink reference signal comprises transmitting the uplink reference signal during the connection establishment procedure.
[4]
A method according to claim 3, further comprising:
receive one or more measurement reference signals (MRSs) transmitted using different beams; and selecting the preferred beam based on one or more MRSs.
[5]
5. Method according to claim 4, wherein:
receiving the one or more MRSs comprises receiving the one or more MRSs from a plurality of base stations (BSs); and selecting the preferred beam comprises selecting the preferred beam based on the MRS.
Petition 870180068262, of 08/06/2018, p. 83/110
2/6
[6]
6. Method according to claim 1, wherein:
the preferred beam is selected after a connection establishment procedure; and the uplink reference signal is transmitted while the UE is in a connected state.
[7]
A method according to claim 6, further comprising:
during the connection establishment procedure, transmit another uplink reference signal without an indication of a preferred beam.
[8]
8. Method according to claim 6, wherein:
the uplink reference signal does not include a UE ID.
[9]
A method according to claim 1, further comprising:
receive a handover command based on the uplink reference signal.
[10]
10. Method for wireless communication by a base station (BS), comprising:
receiving, from a user equipment (UE), an uplink reference signal with an indication of a preferred downlink beam; and transmitting a downlink transmission to the UE based, at least in part, on the uplink reference signal.
[11]
A method according to claim 10, wherein the uplink reference signal includes a UE ID.
Petition 870180068262, of 08/06/2018, p. 84/110
3/6
[12]
12. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
performing a connection establishment procedure with the UE, in which receiving the uplink reference signal comprises receiving the preferred beam during the connection establishment procedure.
[13]
A method according to claim 12, further comprising:
transmit one or more measurement reference signals (MRSs) using different beams, and where the preferred beam is based on one or more MRSs.
[14]
A method according to claim 10, further comprising:
performing a connection establishment procedure with the UE, in which receiving the uplink reference signal comprises receiving the uplink reference signal after the connection establishment procedure while the UE is in a connected state.
[15]
A method according to claim 14, further comprising:
during the connection establishment procedure, receive another uplink reference signal without an indication of a preferred beam.
[16]
16. The method of claim 14, wherein:
the uplink reference signal does not include a UE ID.
[17]
17. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
Petition 870180068262, of 08/06/2018, p. 85/110
4/6 transmit a handover command based on the uplink reference signal.
[18]
18. The method of claim 10, wherein transmitting the handover command based on the uplink reference signal comprises transmitting the handover command based on at least one of the preferred beam indication or the measurement of the reference signal of uplink.
[19]
19. Equipment for wireless communication by user equipment (EU), comprising:
at least one processor configured to: transmit an uplink reference signal with an indication of a preferred downlink beam; and receiving a downlink transmission based, at least in part, on the uplink reference signal; and a memory attached to at least one processor.
[20]
20. Equipment, according to claim
19, in which at least one processor is configured to:
select the preferred beam during a connection establishment procedure; and transmitting the uplink reference signal during the connection establishment procedure.
[21]
21. Equipment according to claim
20, where at least one processor is configured to:
receive one or more measurement reference signals (MRSs) transmitted using different beams, and select the preferred beam based on one or more MRSs.
Petition 870180068262, of 08/06/2018, p. 86/110
5/6
[22]
22. Equipment according to claim
20, in which at least one processor is configured to: select the preferred beam after a connection establishment procedure; and transmit the uplink reference signal while the UE is in a connected state.
[23]
23. Equipment according to claim 22, wherein the at least one processor is additionally configured to:
during the connection establishment procedure, transmit another uplink reference signal without an indication of a preferred beam.
[24]
24. Equipment according to claim 20, wherein the at least one processor is additionally configured to:
receive a handover command based on the uplink reference signal.
[25]
25. Equipment for wireless communication by a base station (BS), comprising:
at least one processor configured to: receive, from user equipment (UE), an uplink reference signal with an indication of a preferred downlink beam; and transmitting a downlink transmission to the UE based, at least in part, on the uplink reference signal; and a memory attached to at least one processor.
[26]
26. Equipment according to claim 25, wherein the at least one processor is configured to:
Petition 870180068262, of 08/06/2018, p. 87/110
6/6 perform a procedure for establishing a connection with the UE; and receiving the uplink reference signal during the connection establishment procedure.
[27]
27. Equipment according to claim 26, wherein:
the at least one processor is additionally configured to transmit one or more measurement reference signals (MRSs) using different beams, and the preferred beam is selected based on one or more MRSs.
[28]
28. Equipment according to claim 25, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: perform a connection establishment procedure with the UE; and receiving the uplink reference signal while the UE is in a connected state.
[29]
29. Equipment according to claim 25, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: transmit a handover command based on the uplink reference signal.
[30]
30. Equipment according to claim 25, wherein the at least one processor is configured to transmit the handover command based on at least one of the preferred beam indication or the measurement of the uplink reference signal.

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