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    COKE OVENS FOR HORIZONTAL HEAT RECOVERY HAVING MONOLITH CROWNS The present technology is generally aimed at horizontal heat recovery and non-horizontal heat recovery coke ovens intended for heat recovery having monolith crowns. In some embodiments, an HHR coke oven includes a monolith crown spanning the width of the oven between opposing kiln sidewalls. The monolith expands upon heating and contracts upon cooling as a detached structure. In additional embodiments, the crown comprises a thermally volume-stable material. The crown can be a kiln crown, a riser arc, a downpipe arc, a J-piece, a single duct loose arc or multiple single duct arcs, a downpipe cleaner, sections of curvilinear corners, and/or combined portions of any of the above sections. In some embodiments, the crown is formed at least in part from a thermally volume-stable material. In additional embodiments, the crown is formed as a monolith (or several monolith segments) spanning the space between supports such as kiln sidewalls. In various modalities,(...).
    公开号:BR112016030880B1
    申请号:R112016030880-8
    申请日:2015-06-30
    公开日:2021-05-04
    发明作者:Gary Dean West；John Francis Quanci
    申请人:Suncoke Technology And Development Llc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED ORDERS
    [001] This application claims the benefit of the priority of Provisional Patent Application US 62/019,385 filed on June 30, 2014 whose disclosure is incorporated herein in its entirety by way of reference. FIELD OF TECHNIQUE
    [002] The present technology is generally directed to the use of precast monolith geometric shapes in coke ovens for horizontal heat recovery, non-heat recovery coke ovens, and beehive coke ovens, for example, use of a monolith crown in a horizontal coke oven. BACKGROUND
    [003] Coke is a solid carbon fuel and carbon source used to melt and reduce iron ore in steel production. In a process known as the “Thompson's Coking Process”, coke is produced by feeding pulverized coal in batches to an oven that is sealed and heated to very high temperatures for 24 to 48 hours under tightly controlled atmospheric conditions . Coking furnaces have been used for many years to convert coal into metallurgical coke. During the coking process, finely ground coal is heated under controlled temperature conditions to devolatize the coal to form a molten coke mass having a predetermined porosity and strength. Because coke production is a batch process, multiple coke ovens are operated simultaneously.
    [004] The melting and melting process experienced by the coal particles during the heating process is an important part of coking. The degree of melting and the degree of assimilation of the coal particles within the molten mass determine the characteristics of the coke produced. In order to produce the strongest coke from a particular coal or coal-coal blend, there is an ideal ratio of reactive entities to inerts in the coal. Coke porosity and strength are important to the ore refining process and are determined by the coal source and/or coking method.
    [005] Coal particles or a blend of coal particles are loaded into hot kilns, and the coal is heated in the kilns in order to remove volatile matter (“VM”) from the resulting coke. The coking process is highly dependent on the kiln design, the type of coal, and the conversion temperature used. Typically, kilns are set up during the coking process so that each charge of coal is expelled as coke in approximately the same amount of time. Once the coal is “expelled as coke” or completely transformed into coke, the coke is removed from the oven and seasoned with water to cool it below its ignition temperature. Alternatively, the coke is dry quenched with an inert gas. The tempering operation must also be carefully controlled so that the coke does not absorb too much moisture. Once it is tempered, the coke is sieved and loaded onto wagons or trucks for shipment.
    [006] As the coal is fed in hot ovens, a large part of the coal feeding process is automated. In slotted or vertical type furnaces, coal is typically loaded through slots or openings in the top of the furnaces. Such ovens tend to be tall and narrow. Coking ovens of the type without recovery or with horizontal heat recovery are also used to produce coke. In non-recovery or heat recovery type coking ovens, conveyors are used to transport the coal particles horizontally into the ovens to provide an elongated bed of coal.
    [007] Since the source of coal adequate to form metallurgical coal ("coking coal") has declined, attempts have been made to combine low or lower quality coals ("non-coking coal") with coking coals. coking to provide an adequate coal charge for the kilns. One way to combine non-coking and coking coals is to use compacted or stamp-loaded carbon. Coal can be compacted before or after it is in the kiln. In some embodiments, a mixture of non-coking and coking coals is compacted to greater than 50 pounds per cubic foot in order to use non-coking coals in the coke making process. As the percentage of non-coking coal in the coal mix is increased, higher levels of coal compaction are required (eg, up to about 65 to 75 pounds per cubic foot). Commercially, coal is typically compacted to a specific gravity (sg) of about 1.15 to 1.2 or about 70 to 75 pounds per cubic foot.
    [008] Horizontal Heat Recovery (HHR) Furnaces have a unique environmental advantage over chemical by-product furnaces based on the relative atmospheric operating pressure conditions within the HHR furnaces. HHR furnaces operate under negative pressure whereas chemical by-product furnaces operate at slightly positive atmospheric pressure. Both types of kilns are typically constructed of refractory bricks and other materials in which creating a substantially air-tight environment can be a challenge because small cracks can form in these structures during day-to-day operation. Chemical by-product furnaces are kept at positive pressure to prevent oxidation of recoverable products and overheating of the furnaces. Conversely, HHR furnaces are kept at negative pressure, drawing air from outside the furnace to oxidize the coal VM and release the combustion heat inside the furnace. It is important to minimize the loss of volatile gases to the environment, so the combination of positive atmospheric conditions and small openings or cracks in chemical by-product ovens allows raw coke oven gas ("COG") and hazardous pollutants to leak into the atmosphere. Conversely, negative atmospheric conditions and small openings or cracks in HHR ovens or locations elsewhere in the coke plant simply allow additional air to be drawn into the kiln or other locations in the coke plant so that it conditions. negative atmospheric conditions resist the loss of COG to the atmosphere.
    [009] HHR furnaces have traditionally been unable to slow their operation (eg their coke production) significantly below their design capacity without potentially damaging the furnaces. This limitation is linked to temperature limitations in the ovens. More specifically, traditional HHR ovens are at least partially made of silica brick. When a silica kiln is built, spacers that can be fired are placed between the bricks in the kiln crown to allow for expansion of the brick. Once the kiln is heated, the spacers ignite and the bricks expand into the surroundings. Once the HHR silica brick kilns are heated, they are never allowed to fall below the thermally stable temperature for the volume of the silica brick, the temperature above which the silica is generally stable as far as to volume (ie, it does not expand or contract). If the bricks fall below this temperature, the bricks start to contract. Because the spacers are burnt, a traditional crown can contract up to several inches upon cooling. This is potentially enough move for the crown bricks to start shifting and potentially fall apart. Therefore, sufficient heat needs to be maintained in the kilns to keep the bricks above temperature thermally stable in volume. This is why it has been stated that an HHR oven can never be turned off. As kilns cannot be significantly downsized during periods of low demand for steel and coke, coke production needs to be sustained. Also, it can be difficult to perform maintenance on heated HHR ovens. Other portions of the coke oven system that may suffer from similar thermal and/or structural limitations. For example, the crown of a single duct running under the kiln floor may disassemble or otherwise be affected from a kiln floor lift, floor laying, thermal or structural cycling, or other fatigue. These stresses can cause bricks in the single duct to shift and fall out. SUMMARY
    [010] This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary, and the aforementioned Background, are not intended to identify key or essential aspects of the claimed subject matter. Furthermore, this Summary is not intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
    [011] One embodiment of the present technology relates to a coke oven chamber including an oven floor, a front end portion and a rear end portion opposite the front end portion. First and second side walls extend vertically upward from the floor between a front wall and a back wall. A crown is positioned above the floor and spans the space from the first sidewall to the second sidewall. A single duct, formed at least partially of a thermally volume-stable material and having a plurality of adjacent lines between the first sidewall and the second sidewall, is positioned under the kiln floor.
    [012] In some embodiments, the single duct includes at least one single duct wall formed from a plurality of single duct wall segments. Single duct wall segments are coupled together using one or more interconnected, cooperating features. In various embodiments, one or more blocking wall sections coupled to and generally extending transversely to at least one single duct wall. In another embodiment, at least one generally J-shaped arch section spans a gap between an end portion of at least a single-duct wall and a single-duct end wall. Yet other embodiments of the single duct include at least a single duct corner section having a rear face that is shaped to fit a corner area of at least one of the plurality of adjacent lines and an opposite, curved or concave front face. . In such embodiments, the single-duct corner section can be positioned to direct fluid flow beyond the corner area.
    [013] In various embodiments of the present technology, the coke oven chamber includes downpipe channels that extend through at least one of the first sidewall and the second sidewall. In such embodiments, the downpipe channels are placed in open fluid communication with the furnace chamber and single duct. Aspects of the present technology endow the cross-cut down tube channels with various geometric shapes. In some embodiments, downpipe channels are formed from a plurality of channel blocks having channels that penetrate the channel blocks. In some embodiments, one or more downpipe covers are coupled to an opening for at least one downpipe channel. In some of these embodiments, the drop tube cover includes a plug that is shaped to be received within an access opening that penetrates the drop cover cover.
    [014] These and other aspects of the present system and method will be evident after consideration of the Detailed Description and Figures in this document. It should be understood, however, that the scope of the invention will be determined by the claims as published and not by whether or not the matter given addresses any or all of the matters set out in the Background or includes any features or aspects set out in this Summary. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [015] Figure 1A is a cutaway, partial isometric view of a portion of a horizontal heat recovery coke plant configured according to modalities of the present technology.
    [016] Figure 1B is a top view of a single duct portion of a horizontal heat recovery coke oven configured according to the modalities of the technology.
    [017] Figure 1C is a front view of a monolith crown for use with the single duct shown in Figure 1B and configured according to technology modalities.
    [018] Figure 2A is an isometric view of a coke oven having a monolith crown configured according to modalities of the technology.
    [019] Figure 2B is a front view of the monolith crown of Figure 2A moving between a contracted configuration and an expanded configuration according to technology modalities.
    [020] Figure 2C is a front view of kiln side walls to support a monolith crown configured according to additional embodiments of the technology.
    [021] Figure 2D is a front view of kiln side walls to support a monolith crown configured according to additional embodiments of the technology.
    [022] Figure 3 is an isometric view of a coke oven having a monolith crown configured according to additional embodiments of the technology.
    [023] Figure 4A is an isometric view of a coke oven having a monolith crown configured in accordance with still further embodiments of the technology.
    [024] Figure 4B is a front view of the monolith crown of Figure 4A configured according to additional embodiments of the technology.
    [025] Figure 5A is a cutaway, partial isometric view of a single duct portion of a horizontal heat recovery coke oven configured according to technology modalities.
    [026] Figure 5B is an isometric view of a section of a single duct wall for use with the single duct shown in Figure 5A and configured according to technology modalities.
    [027] Figure 5C is an isometric view of a block wall section for use with the single duct shown in Figure 5A and configured according to technology modalities.
    [028] Figure 5D is an isometric view of another single duct wall section for use with the single duct shown in Figure 5A and configured according to technology modalities.
    [029] Figure 5E is an isometric view of a single duct outer wall section with fluid channels for use with the single duct shown in Figure 5A and configured according to technology modalities.
    [030] Figure 5F is an isometric view of another single duct outer wall section with open fluid channels for use with the single duct shown in Figure 5A and configured according to technology modalities.
    [031] Figure 5G is an isometric view of a single duct corner section for use with the single duct shown in Figure 5A and configured according to technology modalities.
    [032] Figure 5H is an isometric view of an arch support for use with the single duct shown in Figure 5A and configured according to technology modalities.
    [033] Figure 6 is a partial isometric view of a monolith crown floor and the single duct portion of a horizontal heat recovery coke oven configured according to technology modalities.
    [034] Figure 7 is a block diagram illustrating a method of decreasing the temperature of a horizontal heat recovery coke oven. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    [035] The present technology is generally directed to coke ovens for horizontal heat recovery having monolith crowns. In some embodiments, an HHR coke oven includes a monolith crown spanning the width of the oven between opposing kiln sidewalls. The monolith expands upon heating and contracts upon cooling as a detached structure. In additional embodiments, the crown comprises a thermally volume-stable material. In various embodiments, the monolith and volume-stable thermal resources can be used in combination or alone. These designs can allow the furnace temperature to be lowered below traditionally feasible temperatures while still maintaining the structural integrity of the crown.
    [036] Specific details of various technology modalities are described below with reference to Figures 1A to 7. Other details describing well-known structures and systems often associated with coke ovens have not been presented in the following disclosure to avoid unnecessary obscuring -mind the description of the various modalities of technology. Many of the details, dimensions, angles, and other features shown in the Figures are merely illustrative of particular modes of technology. Consequently, other modalities can have other details, dimensions, angles, and features without departing from the spirit or scope of the present technology. A person of ordinary skill in the art will therefore therefore understand that the technology may have other modalities with additional elements, or the technology may have other modalities without many of the features shown and described below with reference to Figures 1A to 7.
    [037] Figure 1A is a cutaway, partial isometric view of a portion of a horizontal heat recovery coke plant ("HHR") 100 configured according to technology modalities. Plant 100 includes a plurality of coke ovens 105. Each oven 105 may include an open cavity defined by a floor 160, a front door 165 forming substantially an entire side of the oven, a rear door (not shown) opposite the front door 165 forming substantially the entire side of the oven opposite the front door, two side walls 175 extending upwards from the oven floor 160 between the front door 165 and the rear door, and a crown 180 forming the top surface of the cavity. of an oven chamber 185. A first end of crown 180 may rest on a first side wall 175 while a second end of crown 180 may rest on an opposite side wall 175 as shown. Adjacent ovens 105 may share a common sidewall 175.
    [038] In operation, volatile gases emitted from the coal positioned within the furnace chamber 185 gather in the crown 180 and are pulled downstream in the system as a whole into downpipe channels 112 formed in one or both the sidewalls 175. The downpipe channels 112 fluidly connect the furnace chamber 185 to a single duct 116 positioned under the furnace floor 160. The single duct 116 includes a plurality of side-by-side lines 117 that form a tortuous path under kiln floor 160. Although lines 117 in Figure 1A are shown as being substantially parallel to a longitudinal geometric axis of kiln 105 (i.e., parallel to sidewalls 175), in additional modalities, the single duct 116 can be configured so that at least some segments of lines 117 are generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of oven 105 (i.e., perpendicular to sidewalls 175). This arrangement is illustrated in Figure 1B and is discussed in more detail below. Volatile gases emitted from the coal can be carburized in single duct 116, thereby generating heat to sustain the reduction of coal to coke. Downpipe channels 112 are fluidly connected to chimneys or absorption channels 114 formed in one or both of the side walls 175.
    [039] From time to time, downpipe channels 112 may require inspection or service to ensure that furnace chamber 185 remains in open fluid communication with single duct 116 positioned under furnace floor 160. Consequently, in several embodiments, downpipe covers 118 are positioned over openings in the upper end portions of the individual downpipe channels 112. In some embodiments, the downpipe covers 118 may be provided as a stand-alone plate structure. In other embodiments, such as illustrated in Figure 1A, downpipe covers 118 may be formed from a plurality of separate cover members that are positioned closely adjacent to, or secured to, each other. Certain embodiments of the downpipe covers 118 include one or more inspection openings 120 which penetrate into central portions of the downpipe cover 118. Although illustrated as being round, it is considered that the inspection openings 120 may be formed to be of almost any curved or polygonal shape desired for the particular application. Plugs 122 are provided to have shapes that approximate those of the inspection openings 120. Consequently, plugs 122 can be removed for visual inspection or repair from the downpipe channels 112 and returned to limit the unintended escape of volatile gases . In additional embodiments a liner can extend the entire length of the channel to interface with the inspection opening. In alternative embodiments, the liner may extend only a portion of the length of the channel.
    [040] Coke is produced in kilns 105 by first loading coal into the kiln chamber 185, heating the coal in an oxygen-depleted environment, expelling the volatile fraction of coal, and then oxidizing it. the VM inside the oven 105 to capture and utilize the generated heat. Coal volatiles are oxidized within kilns 105 by an extended coking cycle and release heat to regeneratively trigger the carbonization of the coal to coke. The coking cycle begins when the front door 165 is opened and the coal is loaded to the kiln floor 160. The coal in the kiln floor 160 is known as the coal bed. Furnace heat (due to the previous coking cycle) initiates the carbonization cycle. Approximately half of the total heat transfer to the carbon bed is radiated down to the top surface of the carbon bed from the luminous flame of the carbon bed and radiant furnace crown 180. The remaining half of the heat is transferred to the coal bed by conduction from the furnace floor 160, which is convectively heated from the volatilization of gases in the single duct 116. Thereby, a “wave” of plastic flow of the carbon particles from the carbonization process and the formation of high cohesive strength coke proceeds from both the top and bottom edges of the carbon bed.
    [041] Typically, each furnace 105 is operated at a negative pressure so that air is drawn into the furnace during the reduction process due to the pressure differential between the furnace 105 and the atmosphere. Primary combustion air is added to furnace chamber 185 to partially oxidize the coal volatiles, but the amount of this primary air is controlled so that only a portion of the volatiles released from the coal are burned in furnace chamber 185 of that mode releasing only a fraction of its enthalpy of combustion into furnace chamber 185. Primary air is introduced into furnace chamber 185 above the coal bed. Partially carburized gases pass from furnace chamber 185 through downpipe channels 112 into single duct 116 where secondary air is added to the partially carbureted gases. As secondary air is introduced, partially carburized gases are more fully carburized in single duct 116, thereby extracting the remaining enthalpy of combustion, which is transported through kiln floor 160 to add heat to the kiln chamber. 185. Fully or nearly fully carbureted exhaust gases exit single duct 116 through absorption channels 114. At the end of the coking cycle, the coal was expelled as coke and carbonized to produce coke. Coke can be removed from oven 105 through the rear door using a mechanical extraction system. Finally, the coke is tempered (eg wet or dry tempered) and sized before delivery to a user.
    [042] As will be discussed in more detail below with reference to Figures 2A to 4B, in various embodiments, the crown 180 comprises the monolith structure configured to span all or a portion of the distance between the sidewalls 175. For example , the crown 180 may comprise a loose segment that spans the space between the sidewalls 175 or it may comprise two, three, four or more segments that lie between the sidewalls 175 and in combination span the space between the sidewalls 175. The monolith structure enables crown 180 to expand upon heating the kiln and retract upon cooling without allowing individual bricks to contract and fall into kiln chamber 185, causing crown 180 to disassemble. The monolith crown 180 can therefore allow the furnace 105 to be turned off or lowered below traditionally viable temperatures for a given crown material. As discussed above, some materials, such as silica, become generally thermally stable in volume above certain temperatures (ie, around 1200°F for silica). Using a 180 crown, a silica kiln brick can be lowered below 1200°F. Other materials, such as alumina, have no thermally stable upper limit for volume (ie, remain unstable for volume), and crown 180 allows the use of these materials without disassembly from cooling contraction. In other embodiments, other materials or combinations of materials can be used for the crown, with different materials having different thermally stable temperatures associated with volume. Furthermore, the monolith crown 180 can be quickly installed as the entire arch can be lifted and placed as a free-standing structure. In addition, using monolith segments instead of numerous individual bricks, crown 180 can be constructed in different shapes from the traditional arch—such as a flat or straight edge shape. Some of these designs are shown in Figures 3 and 4A. In various embodiments, the monolith crown 180 can be preformed or formed in place. Crown 180 can have various widths (i.e., from sidewall to sidewall) in different embodiments. In some embodiments, the width of crown 180 is about 3 feet or greater, although in particular embodiments, the width is 12 to 15 feet.
    [043] In some embodiments, crown 180 is at least partially made of a thermally volume-stable material so that when heating or cooling the furnace chamber 185, crown 180 does not fit into position. As with a monolith design, a crown 180 made of a thermally volume-stable material allows the furnace 105 to be turned off or down without individual bricks in the crown 180 contracting and collapsing into the furnace chamber 185. Although the term “ thermally stable material by volume" is used in this document, this term may refer to materials that have zero expansion, zero contraction, near zero expansion, and/or near zero contraction, or a combination of these characteristics, upon heating. ment and/or cooling. In some embodiments, the volume-stable thermally stable materials can be precast or precast into engineered shapes, including as individual bricks or monolith segments. In addition, in some embodiments, thermally volume-stable materials can be repeatedly heated and cooled without affecting the expandability characteristics of the material, while in other embodiments the material can be heated and/or cooled only once before passing through a phase or material change that affects subsequent expandability characteristics. In a particular embodiment, the thermally volume-stable material is a fused silica material, zirconia, refractory material, or a ceramic material. In additional embodiments, other portions of the oven 105 may additionally or alternatively be formed from thermally volume-stable materials. For example, in some embodiments, the lintel for the door 165 comprises such a material. When using volume-stable thermally stable materials, traditional sized bricks or a monolith structure can be used as the 180 crown.
    [044] In some embodiments, monolith or thermally stable volume designs may be used at other points in plant 100, such as over single duct 116, as part of kiln floor 160 or sidewalls 175, or other portions of kiln 105. In either of these locations, monolith or thermally volume-stable modalities can be used as an individual structure or as a combination of sections. For example, a crown 180 or furnace floor 160 may comprise multiple monolith segments and/or multiple segments made of thermally volume-stable material. In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 1A, a monolith over the single duct 116 comprises a plurality of side-by-side arches, each arch covering a line 117 of the single duct 116. Since the arches comprise a detached structure, the they can expand and contract as a single unit. In additional embodiments (as discussed in more detail below), the single duct crown may comprise other shapes, such as a flat top. In still further embodiments, the single-duct crown comprises individual segments (eg, individual arches or smooth portions) each of which comprises only one line 117 of the single-duct 116.
    [045] Figure 1B is a top view of a single duct 126 of a horizontal heat recovery coke oven configured according to technology modalities. Single duct 126 has several features generally similar to single duct 116 described above with reference to Figure 1A. For example, the single duct includes a serpentine or labyrinth line pattern 127 configured to communicate with a coke oven (e.g., coke oven 105 of Figure 1A) via downpipe channels 112 and channels absorption 114. Volatile gases emitted from coal positioned within a coke oven chamber are pulled downstream into downpipe channels 112 and into single duct 126. Volatile gases emitted from the coal can be carbureted in single duct 126, thereby generating heat to sustain the reduction of coal to coke. Downpipe channels 112 are fluidly connected to chimneys or absorption channels 114, which draw all or nearly all of the carbureted exhaust gases from single duct 126.
    [046] In Figure 1B, at least some segments of lines 127 are generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the oven 105 (i.e., perpendicular to the side walls 175 shown in Figure 1A). As with the single duct 116 shown in Figure 1A, the single duct 126 of Figure 1B may include a crown portion spanning individual lines 127 or a plurality of lines 127. The single duct crown may comprise a smooth segment, a single arc, a plurality of adjacent arcs, a combination of these shapes, or other shapes. In addition, the single duct crown can span and/or follow the turns or curves of the single duct serpentine line path 127.
    [047] Figure 1C is a front view of a monolith crown 181 for use with the single duct 126 shown in Figure 1B and configured according to modalities of the technology. In the illustrated embodiment, crown 181 comprises a plurality of adjacent arcuate portions 181a, 181b having a smooth top 183. Each portion 181a, 181b can be used as a crown for an individual line in single duct 126. flat 183 may comprise a floor or subfloor for the furnace chamber 185 described above with reference to Figure 1A. In some embodiments, a layer of bricks can be placed on top of the smooth top 183.
    [048] In various embodiments, crown 181 may comprise a loose monolith segment or a plurality of individual segments (e.g., individual arcuate portions 181a, 181b) that are separated by an optional gasket 186 shown in dashed line. Accordingly, a detached monolith crown 181 may cover a row or a plurality of adjacent rows in the single duct 126. As mentioned above, in additional embodiments, the crown 181 may have shapes other than an arcuate underside with a smooth top. For example, crown 181 can be entirely smooth, fully arched or curved, or other combinations of these features. Although crown 181 has been described for use with single duct 126 of Figure 1B, it could similarly be used with single duct 116 or coking chamber 185 shown in Figure 1A.
    [049] Figure 2A is an isometric view of a coke oven 205 having a monolith crown 280 configured according to embodiments of the technology. Oven 205 is generally similar to oven 105 described above with reference to Figure 1. For example, oven 205 includes oven floor 160 and opposing side walls 175. Crown 280 comprises a monolith structure, wherein the crown 280 extends between sidewalls 175. In the illustrated embodiment, crown 280 comprises a plurality of crown segments 282 generally adjacent to one another and aligned along the length of furnace 205 between the front and rear of the furnace 205. Although three segments 282 are illustrated, in additional embodiments there may be more or fewer segments 282. In still additional embodiments, crown 280 comprises a detached monolith structure extending from the front of the 205 oven to the back. In some arrangements, multiple segments 282 are used to facilitate construction. Individual segments may meet 284 gaskets. In some embodiments, 284 gaskets are filled with refractory material, such as a refractory blanket, mortar, or other suitable material, to prevent inward air leakage and unintended leakage. In still further embodiments, as will be discussed with reference to Figure 4 below, crown 280 may comprise multiple side segments between side walls 175 that meet or adjoin over furnace floor 160.
    [050] Figure 2B is a front view of the monolith crown 280 of Figure 2A moving between a contracted configuration 280a and an expanded configuration 280b according to embodiments of the technology. As discussed above, traditional crown materials expand upon heating the furnace and contract upon cooling. This retraction can create space between individual kiln bricks and cause bricks in the crown to collapse into the kiln chamber. Using a monolith, however, the crown 280 expands and contracts as a detached structure.
    [051] The 205 furnace design provides structural support for such expansion and contraction upon heating and cooling. More specifically, the side walls 175 supporting the crown 280 may have a width W that is sufficiently greater than the width of the crown 280 to fully support the crown 280 as the crown 280 moves laterally between the contracted configurations 280a and expanded 280b. For example, the width W can be at least the width of the crown 280 plus the expansion distance D. Therefore, when crown 280 expands or is laterally translated outward upon heating, and contracts and laterally translates inward again upon cooling, sidewalls 175 maintain support of crown 280. Crown 280 may similarly expand or translate longitudinally outward on heating, and contract and translate longitudinally inward on cooling. The front and back walls (or door frames) of the oven 205 can therefore be sized to accommodate this displacement.
    [052] In additional embodiments, the crown 280 may rest on a crown base rather than directly on the sidewalls 175. Such a base can be attached to or be a structure independent of the sidewalls 175. In additional embodiments, the The entire furnace can be made of material that expands and contracts and can expand and contract with the crown 280, and may not require sidewalls having a width as large as the width W shown in Figure 2B because the crown 280 is generally aligned with the side walls that expand upon heating and cooling. Similarly, if both crown 280 and sidewalls 175 are made of a thermally volume-stable material, then sidewalls 175 can generally be aligned with crown 280 upon heating and cooling, and sidewalls 175 they need not be substantially wider than (or even as wide as) the crown 280. In some embodiments, the side walls 175, the front or rear door frames, and/or the crown 280 can be held in place by means of of a compression or tension system, such as a spring-loaded system. In a particular embodiment, the compression system may include one or more buckstay mooring beams on an outer portion of the sidewalls 175 and configured to inhibit outward movement of the sidewalls 175. In additional embodiments, such a compression system is absent.
    [053] Figure 2C is a front view of kiln sidewalls 177 for supporting a monolith crown 281 configured in accordance with further embodiments of the technology. Sidewalls 177 and crown 281 are generally similar to sidewalls 175 and crown 280 shown in Figure 2B. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2C, however, the sidewalls 177 and the crown 281 have an angled or slanted interface 287. Thus, when the crown 281 expands the distance D upon heating (i.e., translated from position 281a to position 281b) , crown 281 translates along the sloping surface of the top of sidewall 177 following the pattern of interface 287.
    [054] In other embodiments, crown 281 and sidewalls 177 may interface in other patterns, such as recesses, slits, overlapping portions, and/or interlocking features. For example, Figure 2D is a front view of furnace sidewalls 179 for supporting a monolith crown 283 configured in accordance with additional embodiments of the technology. Sidewalls 179 and crown 283 are generally similar to sidewalls 175 and crown 280 shown in Figure 2B. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2D, however, the sidewalls 179 and the crown 283 have a stepped or zigzag interface 289. Thus, when the crown 283 expands over distance D upon heating (i.e., translated from position 283a to position 283b), the crown 283 translates along the stepped surface of the top of the sidewall 179 following the pattern of the interface 289.
    [055] Figure 3 is an isometric view of a coke oven 305 having a monolith crown 380 configured in accordance with additional embodiments of the technology. As the crown 380 is preformed, it can take on shapes other than the traditional bow. In the illustrated embodiment, for example, the crown 380 comprises a generally smooth surface. This project can guarantee minimal material costs. In other embodiments, other crown shapes may be employed to improve gas distribution in furnace 305, to minimize material costs, or for other efficiency factors.
    [056] Figure 4A is an isometric view of a coke oven 405 having a monolith crown 480 configured in accordance with other embodiments of the technology. Ring 405 comprises a plurality (e.g. two) monolith portions 482 that meet at a gasket 486 on kiln floor 160. Gasket 486 can be sealed and/or insulated with any suitable refractory material if necessary. In various embodiments, gasket(s) 486 may be centered on crown 480 or may be off center. Monolith portions 482 can be the same size or a variety of sizes. Monolith portions 482 can be generally horizontal or angled (as shown) with respect to furnace floor 160. The angle can be selected to optimize air distribution in the furnace chamber. There may be more or less monolith 482 portions in additional embodiments.
    [057] Figure 4B is a front view of the monolith crown 480 of Figure 4A configured in accordance with additional embodiments of the technology. As shown in Figure 4B, the monolith portions 482 may include a feature to interface the joint 486 to better secure the monolith portions 482 together. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, gasket 486 comprises a pin 492 in a monolith portion 482 configured to slide in and interface with a slot 490 in the adjacent monolith portion 482. In additional embodiments, the gasket 486 can comprise others. recesses, slots, overlapping features, interlocking features, or other types of interfaces. In still additional modalities, mortar is used to seal or fill the 486 joint.
    [058] Although the interfacing feature illustrated is along a joint 486 that is generally parallel to the sidewalls 175, in additional arrangements, the interfacing feature can be used on a joint that is of generally perpendicular to sidewalls 175. For example, any of the interfacing features described above could be used at joints 284 between crown segments 282 of Figure 2A. Thus, the interfacing features can be used on any joint in the 480 crown, regardless of whether or not the monolith portions are oriented side-by-side or back-to-back on the furnace floor. According to aspects of the disclosure, the precast crown or section may be a kiln crown, a riser arc, a drop tube arc, a J-piece, a single or multiple ducted arc single duct arches, a downpipe cleaner, curvilinear corner sections, and/or combined portions of any of the above sections. In some embodiments, the crown is formed at least in part from a thermally volume-stable material. In additional embodiments, the crown is formed as a monolith (or multiple monolith segments) spanning the space between supports such as kiln sidewalls.
    [059] Figure 5A illustrates a partial cutaway view of a single duct portion 516 of a horizontal heat recovery coke oven configured according to technology modalities. Downpipe channels 112 fluidly connect furnace chamber 185 with single duct 516. Single duct 516 includes a plurality of side-by-side lines 517 under the furnace floor. As discussed with respect to furnace 105, lines 517 in Figure 5A are shown as being substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the furnace. However, in other embodiments, single duct 516 may be configured so that at least some segments of lines 517 are generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the furnace.
    [060] Lines 517 are separated by single duct walls 520. Although it is considered that single duct walls 520 could be formed into a one-piece construction, such as a single molding or molded-in-place unit. However, in other embodiments, a plurality of single duct wall segments 522 couple together to define the individual single duct walls 520. Referring to Figures 5B and 5D, the individual single duct wall segments 522 may be provided with a bead 524, which extends vertically outwardly from one end. Similarly, single duct wall segments 522 may include a slot 526 that vertically extends inwardly at the opposite end. In this way, opposing single duct wall segments 522 may be positioned closely adjacent to each other so that the lip 524 of a single duct wall segment 522 is disposed within groove 526 of the adjacent single duct wall segment 522. In addition to, or in place of, corresponding bead 524 and groove 526, single duct wall segments 522 may be provided with a notch 528 at one end and a projection 530 extending from the opposite end. Slot 528 and projection 530 are shaped and positioned so that a single duct wall segment 522 can mate with an adjacent single duct wall segment 522 through the interconnection of slot 528 and projection 530.
    [061] Volatile gases emitted from the coal in the kiln are directed to single duct 516 through downpipe channels 512, which are fluidly connected to chimneys or absorption channels 514 by single duct 516. are directed along a tortuous path along single duct 516. Referring to Figure 5A, volatile gases exit downpipe channels 512 and are directed along a fluid path through lines 517. In particular, lock wall section 532 is positioned to extend transversely between single duct wall 520 and outer single duct wall 534, between downpipe channels 512 and absorption channels 514. In at least one embodiment, a single duct wall segment 523 includes a bead 536 that extends vertically outward from the single duct wall segment 523. One end of the lock wall section 532 includes a groove 538 that extends from the single duct wall segment 523. into a vertical mode. In this way, the single duct wall segment 523 can be positioned closely adjacent the lock wall section 532 so that the lip 536 is disposed within the groove 538 to secure the position of the opposing structures relative to one another. In this way, volatile gases are substantially prevented from short-circuiting the fluid path from downpipe channels 512 and absorption channels 514.
    [062] As volatile gases travel along the fluid path through single duct 516, they are forced around end portions of single duct walls 520, which may stop shortly before meeting the walls of single duct end walls 540. The span between the end portion of the single duct walls 520 and the single duct end walls 540 are, in various embodiments, provided with arc sections 542 to span the span. In some embodiments, the arc sections 542 may be U-shaped, providing a pair of opposing legs for engaging the floor of the single duct 543 and an upper end portion for engaging the furnace floor. In other embodiments, arch section 542 may be an arcuate section or a smooth cantilever section integrated with and extending from single duct wall 520. In other embodiments, such as those illustrated in Figures 5A and 5H, the arc sections 542 are J-shaped, having an upper end portion 544 with an arcuate lower surface 546 and an upper surface 548 that is shaped to fit the kiln floor. A single leg 550 extends downwardly from one end of the upper end portion 544 to engage the floor of the single duct 543. A side portion of the leg 550 is positioned closely adjacent to the free end portion of the single duct wall 520. A free end portion 552 of upper end portion 544, opposite leg 550, in some embodiments, engages an anchor point 554 in single duct wall 520 to support that side of arc section 542. In some embodiments , anchor point 554 is a recess or notch formed in single duct wall 520. In other embodiments, anchor point 554 is provided as an edge portion of an adjacent structure, such as the end wall of single duct 540. As volatile gases travel around end portions of single duct walls 520, volatile gases encounter corners, in certain embodiments, where the end walls of single duct 540 meet external walls of single duct 534 and single duct walls 520. Such corners by definition have opposing surfaces that attract volatile gases and induce turbulence that disrupts the regular, laminar flow of volatile gases. Consequently, some embodiments of the present technology include single duct corner sections 556 at the corners to reduce disruption of the volatile gas flow. Referring to Figure 5G, modalities of single duct corner sections 556 include an angled rear face 558 that is shaped to fit into single duct corner areas 516. Opposite, front faces 560 of single duct corner sections 556 they are shaped to be curvy or concave. In other embodiments the corner section is a curved pocket. In operation, the curvilinear shape reduces no-flow zones and smoothes flow transitions. In this way, turbulence in the volatile gas flow can be reduced as the fluid path travels through the corner areas of the single pipe 516. Top surfaces of the single pipe corner sections 556 can be shaped to fit the floor of oven for additional support.
    [063] In several prior art coking ovens, the single-duct external walls are formed of brick. Consequently, the downpipe channels and the absorption channels that extend through the single-duct outer walls are formed with smooth opposing walls that meet at corners. Consequently, the fluid path through the downpipe channels and absorption channels is turbulent and reduces optimal fluid flow. In addition, the uneven surfaces of the brick and the angular geometry of the downpipe channels and absorption channels promote the accumulation of debris and particles over time, which further restricts fluid flow. Referring to Figure 5A and Figure 5E, embodiments of the present technology form at least portions of the single duct outer walls 534 with channel blocks 562. In some embodiments, channel blocks 562 include one or more channels 564, having open ends that penetrate the widths of channel blocks 562 and closed sidewalls. In other embodiments, channel blocks 566 include one or more open channels 568 that have open ends that penetrate the widths of channel blocks 566 and side walls that are open to one side of channel blocks 566 to define channel openings 570. In various modalities, the 566 channel blocks are positioned at the floor level of the single duct. Channel blocks 562 are positioned on top of channel blocks 566 such that ends of channels 564 and ends of open channels 568 are placed in open fluid communication with each other. In this orientation, channel openings 570 to one set of channel blocks 566 can serve as the outlet for downpipe channels 512. Similarly, channel openings 570 to another set of channel blocks 566 can serve as the inlet for the absorption channels 514. More than one channel block 562 may be positioned on top of each channel block 566, depending on the desired height of single duct outer wall 534 and single duct 516.
    [064] Referring to Figure 6, lines 517 of single duct 516 may be covered by an oven floor 660, which may comprise multiple segments of monolith 662 made of thermally volume-stable material. In particular, as shown in Figure 6, a monolith over the single duct 516 is formed from a plurality of side-by-side arcs, each arc covering a line 517 of the single duct 516. nolith 662 are positioned on upper surfaces of single duct walls 520 and outer walls of single duct 534. According to further aspects, a flat monolith layer or a segmented brick layer can cover the top portion of the monolith segments 662. In addition, as discussed above in connection with other aspects of the present technology, the entire furnace may be made of material that expands and contracts so that some or all of the structural components of the furnace can expand and contract. with the other. Consequently, if the monolith segments 662, the single duct walls 520, and the outer single duct walls 534 are made of a thermally volume-stable material, then the monolith segments 662, the single duct walls 520 , and the outer walls of single duct 534 can generally be aligned with one another upon heating and cooling. It should be considered, however, that in certain applications, one or more of the monolith segments 662, the single duct walls 520, and the external single duct walls 534 could be made from materials other than not thermally stable material for volume. Such occasions can arise when repairing or retrofitting an existing coking oven with precast structural components. It is similarly considered that some or all of the other components described herein, such as the downpipe cover 118, the lock wall sections 532, the single duct end walls 540, the arc sections 542, the single duct corner sections 556, channel blocks 522, and channel blocks 523 could be formed of a thermally volume stable material and/or could be lined with a thermally volume stable material.
    [065] According to aspects of the disclosure, the furnace can be constructed of interconnected or interfaced precast monolith formats forming a precast furnace. For example, the monolith crown with integral sidewalls can sit on a precast floor with monolith single duct walls, so the entire furnace can be constructed from a plurality of precast shapes as shown in Figure 1A. In alternative embodiments, the entire oven can be constructed from a precast part. In additional embodiments, the kiln can be constructed of one or more precast shapes interfacing with individual bricks to form a hybrid kiln construction. Hybrid furnace construction aspects can be particularly effective in furnace repairs as shown further in the figures.
    [066] Figure 7 is a block diagram illustrating a method 700 of decreasing the temperature of a horizontal heat recovery coke oven. The method may include using a precast monolithic crown to replace brick structures or may include a horizontal coke oven constructed of precast monolithic sections. At block 710, method 700 includes forming a coke oven structure having a kiln crown over a kiln chamber. The precast crown or section can be a kiln crown, a riser arc, a downpipe arc, a J-piece, a single duct single arc or multiple single duct arcs, a tube cleaner descent, curvilinear corner sections, and/or combined portions of any of the above sections. In some embodiments, the crown is formed at least in part from a thermally volume-stable material. In additional embodiments, the crown is formed as a monolith (or several monolith segments) spanning the space between supports such as kiln sidewalls.
    [067] In block 720, method 700 includes heating the coke oven chamber. In some embodiments, the furnace chamber is heated above the thermally stable temperature for the volume of a given material (eg, above 1200°F in the case of a silica furnace). Method 700 then includes lowering the coke oven temperature below a thermally volume-stable temperature in block 730. For materials having a thermally volume-stable temperature, such as silica, this comprises lowering the oven temperature below temperature (for example, below 1200°F in the case of a silica furnace). For thermally volume stable materials such as fused silica, or materials not having a thermally volume stable temperature such as alumina, the step of lowering the coke oven temperature below a volume thermally stable temperature comprises lowering the temperature oven for any lower temperature. In particular modalities, lowering the coke oven temperature involves turning off the coke oven entirely. In additional embodiments, lowering the coke oven temperature comprises lowering the coke oven temperature to a temperature of about 1200°F or less. In some embodiments, the coke oven is lowered to 50% or less of maximum operating capacity. At block 740, method 700 additionally includes maintaining the integrity of the coke crown. The furnace is thus reduced in temperature without dismantling the crown as experienced in traditional furnaces. In some embodiments, the furnace is temperature-decreased without causing significant crown contraction. The method described above can be applied to a coking chamber, single duct, downpipe, riser or other portion of the kiln. Examples
    [068] The Examples below are illustrative of several modalities of the present technology. 1. A coke oven chamber, comprising: an oven floor; a front end portion and a rear end portion opposite the front end portion; a first side wall extending vertically upwards from the floor between the front wall and the back wall and a second side wall opposite the first side wall; a crown positioned above the floor and spanning the space from the first sidewall to the second sidewall; and a single duct comprising a thermally volume-stable material and having a plurality of adjacent lines between the first sidewall and the second sidewall. The coke oven chamber of claim 1 wherein the thermally volume stable material comprises fused silica or zirconia. The coke oven chamber of claim 1 wherein the single duct includes at least one single duct wall comprising a plurality of single duct wall segments. The coke oven chamber of claim 3 wherein the single duct wall segments comprise a thermally volume stable material. The coke oven chamber of claim 3 wherein the single duct wall segments are coupled together by cooperating groove and lip features associated with end portions of the single duct wall segments. The coke oven chamber of claim 3 wherein the single duct wall segments are coupled together by cooperating projection and etching features associated with end portions of the single duct wall segments. The coke oven chamber of claim 1 wherein the single duct includes at least one lock wall section coupled to and extending generally transversely from the at least one single duct wall; the at least one blocking wall section comprising a thermally volume-stable material. The coke oven chamber of claim 7 wherein the at least one locking wall section and the at least one single duct wall are coupled together by cooperating groove and rim features associated with an end portion of the at least one locking wall segment and a side portion of the at least one single duct wall. The coke oven chamber of claim 1 wherein the single duct includes at least one generally J-shaped arch section spanning a gap between an end portion of at least one single duct wall and a wall of single duct end. The coke oven chamber of claim 9 wherein the arch section includes an arcuate upper end portion and a leg overhanging one end of the upper end portion; an opposite free end of the arcuate upper end portion operatively coupled to the single duct end wall between a single duct floor and the kiln floor. The coke oven chamber of claim 9 wherein the at least one arc section comprises a thermally volume stable material. The coke oven chamber of claim 1 wherein the single duct includes at least a single duct corner section having a back face that is shaped to fit a corner area of at least one of the plurality of adjacent lines and an opposite front face, curved or concave; the single duct corner section being positioned to direct fluid flow beyond the corner area. The coke oven chamber of claim 12 wherein the at least one single duct corner section comprises a thermally volume stable material. The coke oven chamber of claim 1 wherein the single duct includes at least a single duct corner section having a back face that is shaped to fit a corner area of at least one of the plurality of adjacent lines and an opposite front face, curved or concave; the single duct corner section being positioned to direct fluid flow beyond the corner area. The coke oven chamber of claim 1 wherein the oven chamber further comprises downpipe channels extending through at least one of the first side wall and the second side wall; the downpipe channels being in open fluid communication with the furnace chamber and the single duct. The coke oven chamber of claim 15 wherein the downpipe channels have curved side walls. The coke oven chamber of claim 15 wherein the downpipe channels have cross-sections of various geometric shapes. The coke oven chamber of claim 15 wherein the downpipe channels are molded using a thermally volume stable material. The coke oven chamber of claim 15 wherein the downpipe channels are formed from a plurality of channel blocks having channels that penetrate the channel blocks; the plurality of channel blocks being vertically stacked such that channels from adjacent channel blocks line up with each other to define downpipe channel sections. The coke oven chamber of claim 19 wherein the at least one channel block includes channels that penetrate upper and lower end portions of the channel block and a side of the channel block to provide outlets for the tube tube channels. descent. The coke oven chamber of claim 15 further comprising a downpipe cover operatively coupled to an opening for at least one downpipe channel; the down-pipe cover including a plug which is shaped to be received within an access opening which penetrates the down-cover cover. The coke oven chamber of claim 1 wherein the oven chamber further comprises absorption channels extending through at least one of the first side wall and the second side wall; the absorption channels being in open fluid communication with the single duct and a fluid outlet from the coke oven chamber. The coke oven chamber of claim 22 wherein the absorption channels have sidewalls of various geometric shapes. The coke oven chamber of claim 22 wherein the absorption channels have cross-sections of various geometric shapes. The coke oven chamber of claim 22 wherein the absorption channels are molded using a thermally volume stable material. The coke oven chamber of claim 22 wherein the absorption channels are formed from a plurality of channel blocks having channels that penetrate the channel blocks; the plurality of channel blocks being vertically stacked such that channels from adjacent channel blocks line up with each other to define sections of absorption channels. The coke oven chamber of claim 26 wherein the at least one channel block includes channels that penetrate upper and lower end portions of the channel block and a side of the channel block to provide inlets to the absorption channels.
    [069] From what has been seen, it will be observed that, although specific modalities of the technology have been described in this document for illustration purposes, several modifications can be made without deviating from the spirit and scope of the technology. For example, although several modalities have been described in the context of HHR ovens, in additional modalities, monolith or thermally stable volume designs can be used in non-HHR ovens, such as by-product ovens. Furthermore, certain aspects of the new technology described in the context of particular modalities can be combined or eliminated in other modalities. For example, although certain modalities have been discussed in the context of a crown for a coking chamber, the smooth crown, the monolith crown, thermally stable materials in volume, and other features discussed above can be used. in other portions of a coke oven system, such as a crown for a single duct. Furthermore, although advantages associated with certain modalities of technology have been described in the context of those modalities, other modalities may also exhibit such advantages, and not all modalities necessarily need to exhibit such advantages to fall within the scope of the technology. Accordingly, the disclosure and associated technology may include other embodiments not expressly shown or described herein. Thus, the disclosure is not limited except by the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (27)
    [0001]
    1. Horizontal heat recovery coke oven chamber, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises: an oven floor; a front end portion and a rear end portion opposite the front end portion; a first side wall extending vertically upwards from the floor between the front wall and the back wall and a second side wall opposite the first side wall; a crown positioned above the floor and spanning from the first sidewall to the second sidewall; and a single duct formed from a thermally stable material, which is at least one of near zero expansion and near zero contraction over a coking cycle and having a plurality of adjacent lines between the first sidewall and the second wall. side; at least a portion of the single duct formed in monolithic construction from a single duct floor to a single duct crown.
    [0002]
    2. Coke oven chamber, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the thermally stable material in volume comprises fused silica or zirconia.
    [0003]
    3. Coke oven chamber according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the single duct includes at least one single duct wall comprising a plurality of single duct wall segments.
    [0004]
    4. Coke oven chamber according to claim 3, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the single duct wall segments are comprised of a thermally volume-stable material.
    [0005]
    5. Coke oven chamber according to claim 3, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the single duct wall segments are coupled together by cooperating groove and rim features associated with end portions of the duct wall segments single.
    [0006]
    6. Coke oven chamber according to claim 3, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the single duct wall segments are coupled together by cooperating projection and notch features associated with end portions of the duct wall segments single.
    [0007]
    7. Coke oven chamber according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the single duct includes at least one blocking wall section coupled to, and extending generally transversely from, the at least one single duct wall; the at least one blocking wall section comprising a thermally volume-stable material.
    [0008]
    8. Coke oven chamber according to claim 7, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the at least one blocking wall section and the at least one single duct wall are coupled together by associated cooperating groove and bead features to an end portion of the at least one locking wall segment and a side portion of the at least one single duct wall.
    [0009]
    9. Coke oven chamber according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the single duct includes at least one generally J-shaped arch section spanning a gap between an end portion of at least one wall duct and a single duct end wall.
    [0010]
    10. Coke oven chamber according to claim 9, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the arch section includes an arcuate top end portion and a leg hanging from one end of the top end portion; an opposite free end of the arcuate upper end portion operatively coupled to the single duct end wall between a single duct floor and the kiln floor.
    [0011]
    11. Coke oven chamber, according to claim 9, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the at least one arc section is comprised of a thermally stable material in terms of volume.
    [0012]
    12. Coke oven chamber according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the single duct includes at least a single duct corner section having a rear face that is shaped to fit into a corner area of at least one of the plurality of adjacent lines and an opposite, curved or concave front face; the single duct corner section being positioned to direct fluid flow beyond the corner area.
    [0013]
    13. Coke oven chamber, according to claim 12, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the at least one single duct corner section is comprised of a thermally volume-stable material.
    [0014]
    14. Coke oven chamber according to claim 4, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the single duct includes at least a single duct corner section having a rear face that is shaped to fit into a corner area of at least one of the plurality of adjacent lines and an opposite, curved or concave front face; the single duct corner section being positioned to direct fluid flow beyond the corner area.
    [0015]
    15. Coke oven chamber according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the oven chamber further comprises downpipe channels extending through at least one of the first side wall and the second side wall; the downpipe channels being in open fluid communication with the furnace chamber and the single duct,
    [0016]
    16. Coke oven chamber according to claim 15, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the downpipe channels have curved side walls.
    [0017]
    17. Coke oven chamber according to claim 15, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the downpipe channels have cross-sections of various geometric shapes.
    [0018]
    18. Coke oven chamber according to claim 15, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the downpipe channels are molded using a thermally stable material in volume.
    [0019]
    19. Coke oven chamber according to claim 15, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the downpipe channels are formed from a plurality of channel blocks having channels that penetrate the channel blocks; the plurality of channel blocks being vertically stacked such that channels from adjacent channel blocks line up with each other to define downpipe channel sections.
    [0020]
    20. Coke oven chamber according to claim 19, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that at least one channel block includes channels that penetrate into upper and lower end portions of the channel block and one side of the channel block to supply outlets for downpipe channels.
    [0021]
    21. Coke oven chamber according to claim 15, characterized in that it further comprises a downpipe cover operatively coupled to an opening for at least one downpipe channel; the down-pipe cover including a plug which is shaped to be received within an access opening which penetrates the down-cover cover.
    [0022]
    22. Coke oven chamber according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the oven chamber additionally comprises absorption channels extending through at least one of the first side wall and the second side wall; the absorption channels being in open fluid communication with the single duct and a fluid outlet from the coke oven chamber.
    [0023]
    23. Coke oven chamber, according to claim 22, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the absorption channels have side walls of various geometric shapes.
    [0024]
    24. Coke oven chamber, according to claim 22, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the absorption channels have cross-sections of various geometric shapes.
    [0025]
    25. Coke oven chamber, according to claim 22, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the absorption channels are molded using a thermally stable material in terms of volume.
    [0026]
    26. Coke oven chamber according to claim 22, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the absorption channels are formed from a plurality of channel blocks having channels that penetrate the channel blocks; the plurality of channel blocks being vertically stacked such that channels from adjacent channel blocks line up with each other to define sections of absorption channels.
    [0027]
    27. Coke oven chamber according to claim 26, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that at least one channel block includes channels that penetrate into upper and lower end portions of the channel block and one side of the channel block to supply inputs to the absorption channels.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3161106A4|2018-02-21|
    PL3161106T3|2020-03-31|
    EP3161106B1|2019-09-04|
    CO2017000523A2|2017-04-10|
    AU2015284198A1|2017-02-02|
    US10526541B2|2020-01-07|
    EP3161106A1|2017-05-03|
    CA2954063A1|2016-01-07|
    CN106661456A|2017-05-10|
    WO2016004106A1|2016-01-07|
    AU2019284030B2|2021-06-17|
    UA123141C2|2021-02-24|
    US20170137714A1|2017-05-18|
    AU2019284030A1|2020-01-23|
    KR20170020822A|2017-02-24|
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    法律状态:
    2019-08-27| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-02-23| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-03-30| B09W| Decision of grant: rectification|Free format text: REFERENTE A RPI 2616 DE 23/02/2021. |
    2021-05-04| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 30/06/2015, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201462019385P| true| 2014-06-30|2014-06-30|
    US62/019,385|2014-06-30|
    PCT/US2015/038663|WO2016004106A1|2014-06-30|2015-06-30|Horizontal heat recovery coke ovens having monolith crowns|
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