• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    METHOD FOR JOINING COMPONENTS OF WHICH ONE OF THEM CONSISTS OF A FIBER-REINFORCED PLASTIC MATERIAL. A method and a connecting element (1) are suggested for joining two components (13, 15), of which at least one (13) consists of a fiber reinforced composite material.
    公开号:BR112016020194B1
    申请号:R112016020194-9
    申请日:2015-03-05
    公开日:2021-05-25
    发明作者:Dieter Kittel
    申请人:Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [001] The invention relates to a method for joining two components, of which at least one consists of a fiber-reinforced plastic material. Fiber-reinforced plastic materials are essentially a success factor due to favorable stability and weight ratios in the realization of very light and at the same time very solid structures.
    [002] For this reason, they have progressed for years in the production of aircraft, vehicles and other areas of light construction.
    [003] Associated with the claimed invention, the term "fiber-reinforced plastic material" is used very broadly. It includes, however, a matrix that can consist of a duroplastic or a thermoplastic plastic material. incorporated fibers, whether individual, fiber fabrics or fiber laminates, Fiber materials frequently used are carbon (Carbon, CFK), glass or aramid.
    [004] Corresponding to the loads that occur in the operation of the component, the fibers are arranged and organized in such a way within the matrix that result, by the lower weight, very light durable components.
    [005] It should be noted an important advantage of the thermoplastic matrix of plastic material reinforced by fibers in the fact that they can be worked in hot deformation molding. Fiber-reinforced plastic materials in the form of plates with thermoplastic matrix are called "organic sheets" and are included, in the sense of the claimed invention, in the term "fibre-reinforced plastic material".
    [006] In almost all products, joining two or more components of the same or different types is an important task.
    [007] When joining two components to each other of a composite fiber material with carbon fibers (referred to as CFK, below), in a conventional manner, for example, by screwing or by rivet, due to the deposition of graphite in the electromotive series electrochemical, contact corrosion occurs, which is unacceptable as the connection then has only a short service life. The graphite contained in carbon fibers behaves, in the technical aspect of corrosion, relatively like a noble metal material, so that CFK components cannot be joined or connected to connecting elements (rivets or screws) of non-noble metals, like steel or aluminum. If non-precious metal connecting elements are used for this purpose, after a short time, corrosion occurs.
    [008] In aircraft production, there was a way for CFK components to be joined by screws or rivets of titanium alloys, with titanium alloys presenting only a smaller potential difference compared to graphite. However, this alternative is unfeasible in many areas, for example, in the automotive industry, among other factors, due to costs.
    [009] The invention aims to provide a method for respectively joining connections of at least two components, which is both economical and safe in its process and, in addition, eliminates the risk of corrosion by contact, with at least one component consists of a fiber reinforced plastic material.
    [010] The objective is solved, according to the invention, by a method according to the subordinate claim 1, a plastic material plug for the joining of at least two components according to the subordinate claim 5 and an assembly comprising at least two components according to subordinate claim 11.
    [011] The method, according to the invention, for joining at least two components, at least one component consisting of a fiber-reinforced plastic material, comprises the joining of at least two components, by means of connection of positive junction, by a rotation symmetry plug of a plastic material filled, preferably with glass fiber reinforced polyamide or polypropylene, which is displaced in rotation or oscillation and is brought under application of an axial force on the components.
    [012] By the method of joining according to the invention, it is possible to heat and partially melt the plug by friction in the components to be joined. At the same time, a plug core remains so solid that the plug itself provides the mounting space for which it is required in its placement (by applying sufficient axial force). After the plug has reached its terminal position on the components to be joined, the addition of the molten plug material welds at least one of the components to be joined, such that after cooling that closes the joining positions, a non-connection is produced. solid metal between components.
    [013] It is possible to move the plug in a uniform rotation or to move the plug in short rotational movements with alternate twisting directions. These alternatives are denoted as rotation and oscillation. The joining method according to the invention is not limited to such explicitly indicated relative movements between the plug and the components to be joined. On the contrary, other relative movements can also be used, such as, for example, circular movements of the plug or combinations of such movements.
    [014] The joint according to the invention has elements in common with friction welding. An essential difference is that the plug provides the welded addition and the non-cast addition of the plug is a connecting element.
    [015] The method, according to the invention, is technically simple to control, since the control of rotation or oscillation, reproducible to the pressure force and axial movements of the plug, can occur with NC controls. Due to its elements in common with friction welding as the established joining method, devices and controls for friction welding can be enhanced with certain modifications to the method according to the invention.
    [016] It goes without saying that, due to the other significant material properties, both of the components and being joined as well as the plastic material plug, the process parameters such as plug rotation speed, force need to be determined individually. feed rate during plug oscillation and rotation and pressure force after the end of the plug rotation movement, as well as the duration of the method corresponding to the special properties of the components to be joined and need to be established with the aid of a series of trials and/or as a function of empirical values.
    [017] In many applications it is not necessary to equip the components to be previously joined with holes, but the non-cast core of the plug drills the necessary holes through the components to be joined. Alternatively, the components to be joined can also be drilled before joining.
    [018] The method according to the invention has, furthermore, the advantage that a contact surface results, respectively, relatively larger welding surface between the components to be joined and the plug. The dimension of the contact surface can easily vary, within wide limits, according to the corresponding requirements of the individual cases through the diameter of the holes produced in the first step of the method.
    [019] If, according to the method according to the invention, a metal sheet and a component of a fiber-reinforced plastic material need, for example, to be joined together, then the plug is guided through a hole previously inserted in the sheet. . Subsequently, the rotating or oscillating plug penetrates the material of the fiber-reinforced plastic material and drills a hole, so that after the production of the friction welding joint according to the invention, the metal sheet between the plug head and the fiber reinforced plastic material component is effectively fixed. Also in this combination of materials, it is possible for a hole to be introduced prior to joining in the fiber reinforced plastics material component.
    [020] The method according to the invention can also be used to join a plug by friction welding with a component of a filled plastic material. This plug can then serve as a fixing point for mounting other components, for example by screwing.
    [021] It is understood, therefore, that, if necessary, multiple friction welding joints can be provided, spaced apart, according to the invention, for the joining of two or more components. Similarly, parts of the sheet, for example, in aircraft production are joined together by one or more rows of rivets.
    [022] In order to produce an efficient positive union connection, according to the invention, it is advantageous that the plug at least partially consists of thermoplastic plastic material, the plug consisting of a filled plastic material of preferred form of fiber reinforced polyamide or polypropylene (glass). Evidently, the enumeration of these materials is not conclusive, but by way of example. It is understood that a plurality of plastic materials, in particular thermoplastic plastic materials, with or without filler material, can be used for the production of the plugs according to the invention.
    [023] Advantageously, the cap has a head, and the head, in its outer diameter, is larger than the stem of the cap. By this it is obtained that the plug can penetrate into the holes of the components to be joined only until the plug head rests on the first of both components. Once the plug has reached this position, the movement of the plug can be further advanced until the contact surface between the plug head and the one component is heated by friction until at least a portion of the head becomes softened and pliable. If the movement of the plug is interrupted and the plug is pressed, with its head, against the components to be joined, a larger surface friction welding joint is also obtained on the contact surface between head and components to be joined, thus such as a welding of the orifice edge surfaces of the previously introduced holes or of the holes produced by the plug itself during placement, which further increases the load capacity of the connection according to the invention.
    [024] This determines that the component to be joined, which has contact with the plug head, can be welded to the head material.
    [025] In another advantageous configuration of the method, at least one of the components to be joined is perforated before joining. A so-called pre-hole can be advantageous if a component to be joined consists of metal, for example, or has, for example, a hardened coating or a hardened duroplastic coating. In such a hardened material, the plug cannot by itself generate the mounting space in the placing movement or in the rotational, oscillating and/or circular joining movement by the fusion of the components to be joined.
    [026] In an advantageous modality, the plastic material plug, according to the invention, performs gyratory, oscillatory and/or circular joint movements.
    [027] In order for the cap to be swiveling and can transmit the necessary torque for the fusion, in the preferred modality, the cap head is formed for reception in a drive device and/or for the transmission of torques. This can take place, for example, through a common hexagon socket, an internal connection with multiple teeth, or also a correspondingly shaped external contour of the head, for example, as a polygon or hexagon.
    [028] An important aspect in head configuration is the transmission of torque and the fastening of the plug in a drive unit of a friction welding device.
    [029] It would also be possible a modality of the cap without a head or with a built-in head, that is, without excess edge, which can be used in certain applications as an embedded element.
    [030] In another embodiment of the plug according to the invention, it has an axial perforation, which can be performed either as a blind hole perforation or as a through perforation. With the aid of this axial perforation, it is easily possible to align the plug coaxially to an axis of rotation of the drive device and insert the components to be joined in the holes that may have been previously drilled. After the production of the friction welding joint according to the invention, the axial drilling can also be used, for example, for screwing a (metal) screw, a pin and/or a hook into the thermoplastic plastic material. of the cap. This means that on the head or also on the end of the plug opposite the head, other components can be fixed in a conventional way by screwing and/or inserting.
    [031] If the axial perforation is formed as a through perforation, conventional cylinder head screws can be inserted through this axial perforation and then these screws with respective nuts and, preferably, with flat washers, are immediately inserted from a non-metallic material. Furthermore, it is possible to use the plug as a tube for insertion of a self-tapping screw or a suitable double pin. The relatively large wall thickness of the plug reliably prevents contact between the metal screw and the graphite of the carbon fibers or other filler materials of the components to be joined, so that there is no corrosion.
    [032] In order for the friction welding joint according to the invention to be fixed and resistant, it is provided in the advantageous modality of the cap, that it has a truncated cone-shaped rod, and the diameter of the rod in the head is greater than at the end of the rod away from the head. In this case, it is possible to insert the plug with its thinnest end into the possibly previously drilled holes of the components to be joined and, by rotation, press the holes of the components to be joined until the plug head rests on the first component to be joined and be welded with it at that location.
    [033] In order to ensure a good centering or insertion of the plug in the holes that may have been previously drilled in the components to be joined, the rod has a diameter at one end away from the head, which is essentially equal to or slightly smaller than the diameter of the holes in the components to be joined.
    [034] It was also shown to be advantageous, if the plug has a portion of the filler material of 10 to 50 percent by weight, especially preferably, 30 percent by weight. Thus, the plug has greater mechanical stability and, at the same time, good suitability for friction welding.
    [035] The advantages that can be obtained by the method according to the invention and by the plug according to the invention lead to an assembly, according to the subordinate claim 11, this assembly comprising at least two components, of which at least at least one component consists of a fiber-reinforced plastic material, in which at least two components are joined by one or more plugs of a plastic material filled, preferably with fiberglass-reinforced polyamide or polypropylene, by the joining method , according to the invention.
    [036] In this case, it is provided that at least the component, which is arranged away from the head of the plug, consists of a fiber-reinforced plastic material. Thus, it is possible, namely with the aid of the plastic material plug according to the invention, to join components together in the manner described above.
    [037] Ideally, at least one of the components to be joined of fiber-reinforced plastic material has a matrix of a thermoplastic material, so that, through friction between component and plug, not only the plug material is partially converted to the softened state, but also that the matrix of the at least one fiber-reinforced plastics material component heats up and is converted to the softened state. As a result, the stability of the connection between the plug and this component can be further increased. In addition, through the plug made of a malleable material, it is possible to weld materials with a duroplastic or elastomer matrix with this method.
    [038] As filler material are considered all known inorganic filler materials in different forms, for example, in fibers such as glass fibers, basalt fibers, boron fibers, ceramic fibers, silica fibers, metallic fibers of reinforcement and organic filler materials in different forms, eg reinforcement fibers such as aramid fibers, carbon fibers, polyester fibers, nylon fibers, polyethylene fibers or plexi glass fibers (polymethylmethacrylate fibers ), both for the components to be joined as well as for the plugs.
    [039] Other advantages and advantageous embodiments of the invention can be drawn from the following drawings, the descriptive report and the claims. All characteristics and properties referred to in the drawings, in the specification and in the claims may be essential to the invention either individually or in any combination with each other.
    [040] Shown:
    [041] Figures 1 and 2 two examples of modality of the tampon according to the invention,
    [042] Figure 3 two components to be joined together with holes already introduced,
    [043] Figures 4 to 6 different examples of modality of the method for joining, according to the invention, the components represented in Figure 3, in different stages,
    [044] Figure 7 the method for joining, according to the invention, in its lateral sequence,
    [045] Figures 8 and 9 other examples of embodiment of the joining method according to the invention.
    [046] In Figure 1 is represented a plug provided in its entirety with reference number 1. The plug 1 comprises a rod 3, which is formed as a truncated cone and a head 5. An end of the rod 3 opposite the head 5 has a diameter D1 that is smaller than a diameter D2 of rod 3 in the vicinity of head 5. Diameter 03 of head 5 is again larger than diameter D2 of rod 3.
    [047] A hexagon socket 7 is shown indicated on the head 5, which can serve to receive the plug 1 in a drive device of a friction welding machine (not shown). Of course, other types of torque transmissions between a drive device and cap 1 are possible. Thus, for example, the head 5 can be configured as a hexagon socket or polygon, and thus the torque required for friction welding can be transmitted to buffer 1.
    [048] Stem 3 is preferably executed in a conical shape, since, through this, it is determined, so to speak, constructively, how much material of the stem 3 at the junction, according to the invention, is heated and melted (welded addition) . In this case, it is a truncated cone-shaped part of the stem 3, as shown in Figure 4.
    [049] By the length L of the shank 3 and the conical angle a, the welded addition can be correspondingly determined, constructively, within quite wide limits of the requirements of the application case.
    [050] At one end 9 of the rod 3 that is opposite the head 5, the rod 3 is configured in the shape of a cap or otherwise in such a way that the components to be joined are well centered in a hole 17, 19 previously drilled .
    [051] If there are no pre-drilled holes in the components to be joined, then end 9 of rod 3 is preferably configured such that rod 3 “drills” or inserts the holes in the components.
    [052] In Figure 2 is represented another example of embodiment of a filter device 1 according to the invention. Components are provided with the same reference number and this is valid in relation to the other figures, correspondingly.
    [053] The essential difference between the cap 1 according to Figure 2 and the first example of modality according to Figure 1 is that the cap 1 according to Figure 2 has an axial perforation 11, which is formed in the present case as through perforation.
    [054] It is understood that also the axial perforation 11 can be formed as a blind perforation (not shown). For example, when gases or liquids should not flow through cap 1. In this case, it is possible that the axial perforation 11 is formed as a blind hole starting at the end 9 of the rod 3 or that the axial perforation starts at the head 5 of the cap 1 and end before end 9.
    [055] In Figure 3 are represented in section, by way of example, a first component 13 and a second component 15. The first component 13 can be, for example, a sheet of a metallic material, while the second component 15 consists of in a composite fiber material, eg with carbon fibers and a thermoplastic matrix. In order to facilitate the representation, the two components 13 are represented as plate-shaped components, which have several holes 17 and 19 spaced apart from each other, which can be inserted in the components 13, 15, upstream, in an optional step of the method.
    [056] Alternatively, it is also possible that the components 13, 15 are placed one above the other, without holes, in the desired position (see Figure 8).
    [057] It is also possible that only one of the components 13, 15 is pre-drilled and that both components are placed on top of each other before joining, in the desired position (see Figure 9).
    [058] Then, the joining process begins, according to the invention, in which the plug is moved in rotation and/or oscillation. At the same time, it penetrates the components 13, 15 and thereby reaches the holes, respectively, the required hole.
    [059] The midpoints of holes 17 and 19 of both components 13 and 15 are congruent. In the embodiment example shown, the diameters of the holes 17 and 19 are also the same. This doesn't have to be mandatory. It is also possible that the holes have different diameters and correspondingly, the plug 3 has a stepped stem. This variation is represented in detail in Figure 6.
    [060] In many other application cases, it is not sufficient to join both components 13 and 15 with just one plug 1, but, similar to a row of rivets, several friction weld joints according to the invention would be placed far apart in order to obtain sufficient stability.
    [061] In Figure 4 is represented only the joining process, as an example, in the three stages I, II and III. Starting in Figure 4, on the left side, the plug 1 is centered by the holes 17 and 19 already introduced previously (1 in Figure 4) and later displaced in rotation and rotated, at the same time, in Figure 4, downwards, first through the hole 17 of the first component 13 and subsequently through the hole 19 of the second component 15.
    [062] In the center of Figure 4 this intermediate stage (II in Figure 4) of the joining process is represented. In this case, it is evident that the truncated cone-shaped part of the rod 3 is softened and partially excavated by the rotation movement and the friction existing between the rod and the holes 17 or 19, until it has a cylindrical shape whose diameter corresponds to the diameter of holes 17 and 19. As soon as the head 5 of the plug 1 of the first component 13 touches its surface, there is also friction on the annular contact surface between the head 5 and the component 13 and, correspondingly, at least the underside of head 5 is fused and is softened. Afterwards, the rotation of the plug is terminated and said repressing phase (III in Figure 4) is started. This state is represented in Figure 4 to the far right. In this state, only a force F, acting in the axial direction on the head 5 of the cap 1, is exerted on the cap 1, so that the underside of the head 5 joins in the best possible way to the component 13.
    [063] If the first component 13 of a fiber-reinforced plastic material ideally consists of a thermoplastic matrix, then a first junction surface 21 results in this location, which can transmit relatively greater forces depending on its geometric dimension . Between the bore 17 of the first component 13 and the stem 3 of the plug 1 there results a second joining surface 23 that is cylindrical and between the bore 19 of the second component 15 there results another third joining surface 25 which is likewise cylindrical.
    [064] The numbering of the three junction surfaces 21, 23 and 25, as well as their dimensions, makes it evident that, with the method according to the invention, a very intense and solid junction can be obtained between the plug 1, the first component 13, as well as plug 1 and second component 15. Since plug 1 joins, with its rod 3, by a sufficient wall thickness and sufficient stability, with this, by plug 1, greater forces can be transmitted between the first component 13 and the second component 15.
    [065] It is also possible to join the two components 13, 15 by plug 1 without previously introducing holes 17, 19 in the components. In that case, it is possible for the plug 1 by itself to construct the necessary mounting space, in which it respectively fuses, by area, the components 13, 15 when it is actuated in a pivotal or oscillating manner. This situation is schematically represented in Figure 8. In the stage indicated with "II" it is possible to recognize how the plug 1 partially displaced the material of component 13 and 15, in order to obtain space.
    [066] At the stage indicated with "III" it is possible to see a bead (no reference number) on the underside of component 15, which extends around cap 1 and joins with it. When components 13 and 15 are not pre-drilled, these production steps are omitted and the connection between components 13 and 15 is particularly fixed, as the core of the non-cast plug 1 forms a positively bonded connection, while the areas fused and hardened again form a bonded bond by material.
    [067] In Figure 9 the joining method, according to the invention, is represented schematically in the example of a pre-drilled component 13 and a non-predrilled component 15. In the stage indicated with "II" it is possible to recognize how the plug 1 has partially displaced the material of component 13 and 15 in order to obtain space.
    [068] However, it may be advantageous to drill the components 13, 15 before joining and introduce holes 17, 19 before joining. The previous step of the hole or the introduction of the hole 17, 19 may be necessary, in particular, in metallic components or in components 13, 15 with a hardened coating, for example with a duroplastic coating.
    [069] Even if the first component 13 consists of metal, a very durable joint is obtained. However, the joining surfaces 21 and 23 are dispensed with, as the molten thermoplastic material of the plug 1 does not materially join the first component 13.
    [070] However, this then results in a non-positive joint joint between the head 5 and the second component 15, so that there is a secure joint, similar to a rivet or a screw, between the components 13 and 15 with only one joint surface 25 joined per material.
    [071] When a particular connection has to be exposed to particularly high loads, it may be advantageous to provide a continuous axial hole 11 in the cap 1 and, in this axial hole 11, provide a screw with a corresponding nut and a washer. Such an example of modality is represented in a very simplified and schematic way in Figure 5. In the right part of Figure 5 a screw 27 is connected by the cap 1 according to the invention, respectively, by its axial perforation 11 and a washer 29 and screwed. with a nut 31. The washer 29 has a circular band 30, which is responsible for the washer 29 to rest on the second component 15 and not on the end 9 of the plug 1. In this example of embodiment, a secure and extreme load joint is also possible. reliable also in difficult material pairs/material combinations, with screws 27 and nuts 31 no contact corrosion.
    [072] In Figure 6 is represented another example of modality of a set, according to the invention, respectively, of the method according to the invention, in which the holes 17 and 19 have different diameters. Correspondingly, plug 1 is formed in a staggered fashion. A recess 33 of the rod 3 is fitted in its diameter to the diameter of the hole 17 of the first component, while the other part of the rod 3 is fitted to the diameter of the hole 19 of the second component. Through this, it is possible, for example, to increase the joint surface 23. It is evident that this modality works when the first component consists of a fiber-reinforced composite material or a metallic material.
    [073] In Figure 7 are schematically represented time sequences of the method according to the invention in diagrammatic form. Time is applied to the abscissa.
    [074] A first line 35 qualitatively represents the time course in the axial force exerted on the plug 1.
    [075] A second line 37 qualitatively represents the time course of the number of rotations of plug 1.
    [076] The different steps of the method are indicated with numbers I, II and III corresponding to Figure 4.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [0001]
    1. Method for joining at least two components (13, 15), at least one component (13) consisting of a fiber reinforced plastic material, characterized by joining at least two components (13, 15) to form a positive junction connection by a head (5) of a plug (1) consisting of a plastic material filled, preferably with fiberglass reinforced polyamide or polypropylene, to be displaced in rotation, oscillation and/or a circular movement , and a rod (3) of a plug (1) is introduced into components (13, 15) to be connected by applying an axial force, the head in its diameter being larger than the rod of the plug.
    [0002]
    Method for joining at least two components (13, 15) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the components (13, 15) to be joined is drilled before joining.
    [0003]
    Method for joining at least two components (13, 15) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rotation, oscillation and/or circular movement of the plug (1) is completed and the plug (1) is pressed axially against the components (13, 15) to be connected.
    [0004]
    Method for joining at least two components (13, 15) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the speed, material of the plug (1), addition of material in the plug (1), duration of joining process (II) and/or duration of pressing process (III) are selected as a function of the components (13, 15) to be joined.
    [0005]
    5. Assembly comprising at least two components (13, 15), at least one component (15) consisting of a fiber reinforced plastic material, characterized in that at least the two components (13, 15) are joined by one or more plugs ( 1) of a plastic material filled, preferably with fiberglass-reinforced polyamide or polypropylene, by the method according to one of claims 1 to 4.
    [0006]
    An assembly comprising at least two components (13, 15) according to claim 5, characterized in that at least the component (13), which is arranged remotely at the head (5) of the plug (1), consists of a fiber reinforced plastic material.
    [0007]
    An assembly comprising at least two components (13, 15) according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the fiber-reinforced plastic material contains a thermoplastic or duroplastic matrix and/or carbon, glass and/or aramid fibers .
    [0008]
    An assembly comprising at least two components (13, 15) according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the plug (1) consists at least partially of a thermoplastic synthetic material, the head (5) consists of a filled synthetic material, preferably glass fiber reinforced polyamide or polypropylene.
    [0009]
    An assembly comprising at least two components (13, 15) according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the head (5) of the cap (1) is formed for receiving in a drive device and/or for the transmission of torques.
    [0010]
    An assembly comprising at least two components (13, 15) according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the plug (1) has an axial central bore (11).
    [0011]
    An assembly comprising at least two components (13, 15), according to one of claims 5 to 10, the plug (1) as described in one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that it has a truncated cone stem ( 3).
    [0012]
    An assembly comprising at least two components (13, 15) according to any one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that the rod (3) at its end remote from the head (5) has a diameter (D1), which is substantially equal to the diameter of the holes (17, 19) in the components (13, 15) to be joined.
    [0013]
    An assembly comprising at least two components (13, 15) according to one of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that the plug (1) has a portion of the filler material of 10 to 50% by weight, particularly preferably , 30% by weight.
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    PL3116705T3|2020-11-02|
    EP3116705B1|2020-04-22|
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    法律状态:
    2019-12-24| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-04-13| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-05-25| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 05/03/2015, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
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