• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    ABRASION MACHINE FOR TRANSFORMING WORK PIECES ON FLAT SURFACES AND WITHIN DRILLING, METHOD FOR PERFORMING SUCH MACHINE The invention relates to an abrasion machine for the complete transformation of workpieces on two flat surfaces and within a central perforation on one or the same machine, as well as a method, which runs the abrasion machine. The abrasion machine has a workpiece spindle head and two abrasion spindle heads, where the first abrasion spindle head has two abrasion spindles each with a grinding wheel for abrasion of the first and second flat surfaces as well as not flat and the second abrasion spindle head has an abrasion spindle with a grinding disc for abrasion from the central drilling of the workpiece. The abrasion machine is configured, that the first flat outer surface and possibly the existing non-flat outer surface, as well as the perforation are subjected to abrasion on one side of the workpiece. The fixation is released by means of the abrasion spindle head, so that the second external surface (...).
    公开号:BR112016017435B1
    申请号:R112016017435-6
    申请日:2015-02-13
    公开日:2021-01-26
    发明作者:Erwin Junker
    申请人:Erwin Junker Maschinenfabrik Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] Abrasion machines and methods for such abrasion are known, particularly gearbox parts for the gearbox or flange parts, in which, in the case of these abrasion machines and known methods, they are certainly performed within various operations or sub-operations on an abrasion machine; a complete transformation of such workpieces into an abrasion machine or the same, however, is not known.
    [0002] From DE 10 2012 012 331 A1, rotating machines and abrasion machines are known, by means of which an external cylindrical transformation is carried out and a transformation of the end surface of the workpieces.
    [0003] In the case of the known rotation machine, two opposite tool heads are described, which support several different tools and perform the external transformation on the workpiece. The workpiece is held by a first workpiece spindle, in which in this position the external transformation and the end station located opposite the workpiece clamping station can be transformed. From the first workpiece spindle, a workpiece can be delivered to a second workpiece spindle located opposite the first, a so-called counter spindle, so that the second can be transformed, first the fixed end side of the workpiece. If the fastening on the counterspindle does not allow a transformation in the region on the end side, the workpiece to be transformed can be maintained centrally by means of a dead point, which is taken to one of the tool holders or heads tool spindle. In this case, the clamping is maintained by means of the first tool spindle head.
    [0004] In the case of the described abrasion machine, a separate dead center is arranged opposite the workpiece spindle head. An abrasive spindle head with a grinding wheel can subject the external cylindrical transformation to abrasion and, with its front side, it can eventually also cause the flat sides on the workpiece flanges to abrasion, however, it cannot on the direct end , which is maintained through neutral. A second tool head is arranged opposite the abrasive spindle head and is configured as a multifunctional unit. This multifunctional unit supports, for example, a telescope and measurement sensors, in order to carry out measurements during the process. In addition, the multifunctional unit supports a grinding unit, so that the wheel, which is located opposite the abrasive spindle head, can be ground. The sliding head and the abrasive spindle head are configured as separate units here. The dead center located on the tailstock is used only for centralization in the case that previously a so-called center was inserted in the workpiece. An internal abrasion device is not described for the rotating machine or even for the abrasion machine.
    [0005] DE 10 2005 018 959 B3 describes an abrasion method and tool for flat and internal cylindrical abrasion of a workpiece in the form of a gear. Here, the internal cylindrical abrasion of the perforation and a subsequent flat abrasion of at least one flat surface occur on one side of the gear with one or the same grinding wheel, which is so profiled, that two different conical regions are provided for the respective abrasion tasks. A front tapered region causes abrasion to the internal perforation of the gear, while a flange-type region placed behind the tapered region is used for a flat external surface on the gear. Here, the abrasion spindle is placed so obliquely in relation to the cone angle, that the surfaces of the internal perforation are subjected to abrasion coaxially in relation to the average gear axis. Corresponding to the cone angle of the second abrasion region for flat surfaces, such an adjustment angle is chosen for the profiled grinding wheel, that the flat surface can be subjected to abrasion perpendicularly to the average gear axis. By means of such a profiled grinding wheel, the internal surfaces of the perforation and the flat surfaces can be subjected to abrasion only one after the other on an external side of the gear. Fixing conditions and equipment for abrasion also on the flat sides of the gear located opposite to the flat sides subjected to abrasion are not described.
    [0006] DE 197 53 797 C2 describes an arrangement for the abrasion of workpieces with a workpiece holder and with at least one abrasion tool. The workpiece can also be a gear, in which the transformation of its end surfaces is also carried out. The workpiece is attached to a tensioning device of the tool holder, and there the transformation procedures take place one after the other for the internal diameter, as well as for the external contours, that is, the flat sides. After the abrasion of the flat sides that are located on one side of the gear, as well as the internal diameter, is complete, the workpiece is unloaded by means of a delivery device from the machine. An abrasion also on the opposite flat side is not described in the case of this known machine.
    [0007] Furthermore, in DE 36 28 977 A1 an abrasion machine is known for internal cylindrical abrasion, flat abrasion and external cylindrical abrasion. In the case of this known abrasion machine, a workpiece spindle head with a fixing plate for the workpiece to be subjected to abrasion is provided as a proper tensioning equipment.
    [0008] The abrasion of the perforations, the external cylindrical surfaces and the flat external surfaces is carried out by means of respective grinding wheels, which can be taken to the abrasion coupling on separate abrasion spindle heads with CNC control. An abrasion of the flat sides and the opposing flat sides in one or the same workpiece is not described. The arrangement of two independent abrasion spindle heads has a positive consequence, which is possible both simultaneously with the external contours, as well as with an internal drilling abrasion.
    [0009] The known abrasion machines and the method for producing corresponding workpieces on these abrasion machines have in common, that the workpieces to be subjected to abrasion on a machine cannot be completely transformed.
    [0010] Because a complete abrasion transformation of the previously described workpieces is not possible on one or the same abrasion machine in the case of known abrasion machines, other machines or at least other corresponding abrasion stations need to be made available for the transformation complete of such workpieces. The disadvantage of this concept is that, in this way, a separate sequence of work is required and the workpieces, for this, need to be taken to another tool machine or another station. For this, additional transport equipment is required. In addition, the disadvantage results, therefore, that the workpieces, until loading to the second machine, respectively the second station, must be subjected again to other ambient temperatures and, thus, to the modified influences of the environment and then, eventually, they also expand differently by means of different thermal conditions of the environment, which can have a direct influence on the subsequent precision of production.
    [0011] Furthermore, DE 195 13 963 A1 describes a numerically controlled rotating machine, by means of which workpieces can be transformed internally and externally simultaneously into a workpiece spindle and a counter - spindle. In a so-called workpiece spindle, as well as in the counter spindle, the workpiece to be transformed is fixed and can be provided with an internal drilling with a respective drilling tool, which, at the same time, can be subjected to external abrasion by means of tools, which are arranged on a tool holder. During the total transformation, the workpiece remains in one or the same fixture on the respective fixing plate and cannot therefore be transformed into the stress region.
    [0012] DE 603 03 672 T2 describes a tool machine, by means of which, in a tool, cylindrical and flat external surfaces as well as perforations can be transformed. In addition, a series of tool spindle heads and a workpiece spindle head are provided, so that different jobs can be performed on the workpiece. Likewise, a complete transformation is not possible, because the workpiece remains attached to the clamping plate, during the various transformation procedures to be performed on the workpiece spindle head.
    [0013] DE 38 17 161 A1 describes a cylindrical abrasion machine with numerical control for the abrasion of plate and point workpieces. Through this known machine of cylindrical abrasion, internal abrasion, external abrasion and flat abrasion can be performed between the tips and with the tips and plates. In the case of the transformation of so-called supply workpieces, these workpieces remain attached to the fixing plate during the transformation of the workpiece. During the abrasion of the so-called pointed workpieces, the external surfaces of the workpiece can be transformed, essentially, completely, however, a transformation of perforations in the case of this tightening is not possible.
    [0014] In the known concepts of abrasion it is also disadvantageous that, for the planning of the process, great difficulties result and high expenses are necessary for the monitoring of the respective stages of transformation. This results in high costs, because eventually, for example, there must be twice as many measuring instruments.
    [0015] In summary, it should be noted that in the known abrasion machines or in the methods performed on them, existing disadvantages result in the workpieces being subject to certain limitations in relation to a precise production and, on the other hand, in the production, need to be produced in an expensive way and, therefore, with high production costs.
    [0016] In contrast, the task of the present invention is to provide an abrasion machine according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method thus performed, with which workpieces with a central perforation and external surfaces with both sides flat and / or non-flat, particularly gears for the gearbox, can be accurately and economically subjected to abrasion completely on an individual abrasion machine.
    [0017] This task is solved by means of an abrasion machine with the characteristics according to claim 1 and by means of a method with the characteristics according to claim 11. Appropriate developments are defined in the respective dependent claims.
    [0018] With an abrasion machine according to the invention, a complete transformation of workpieces is carried out, which have at least one central perforation, as well as flat and non-flat external surfaces on both end pieces of the workpiece. work such as flanged shafts or gears for the gearbox. The abrasion machine according to the invention has a first workpiece spindle head, on which an external grinding wheel is arranged for the transformation of the corresponding external surfaces of the workpiece, a second abrasion spindle head, which supports an internal grinding wheel for the transformation of the internal drilling surface, and a workpiece spindle head for the workpiece tension. The workpiece to be subjected to abrasion is attached to a workpiece spindle head fixing plate, so that the workpiece can be subjected to abrasion on the outer surfaces not covered by means of the fixing plate and on the internal perforation surfaces. That is, that both the flat and non-flat external surfaces, which point in the direction over the second abrasion spindle head, and the perforation can be subjected to abrasion. In the workpiece spindle head, the workpiece is fixed in such a way that it is established, in relation to its spatial arrangement, on an average axis of the fixation plate in its first tension position. According to the invention, tension equipment is arranged on or over the second abrasion spindle head, that is, the second abrasion spindle head supports such tension equipment. The tension equipment is firmly connected with the second abrasion spindle head, when it can be driven separately in relation to at least one CNC axis in relation to the abrasion spindle head. For the abrasion machine according to the invention, the inner wheel supported from the abrasion spindle head is the transformation tool and, according to the invention, the transformation tools and the tension medium are connected with each other. another to a fixed unit in the direction of a combination unit.
    [0019] In principle, just as it initially appears disadvantageous, to place an additional tension equipment in an abrasion spindle head, because the abrasion spindle head is represented as a highly complex and expensive component or as a component with a relatively expensive cost, which, namely, always then, when tensioning equipment is effective, cannot be used for its actual task, abrasion. This means, when you want to reach the low cycle time, it is necessary to provide at least two abrasion spindle heads, in order to be able to execute certain sections to be subjected to abrasion at least temporarily and simultaneously. Due to the high precision, which is required today during abrasion and must be achieved, correspondingly complex and highly stable abrasion spindle heads are built. It has now been shown that this high stability required for the tensioning equipment can be used as such, without a second tensioning equipment necessarily having equally high stability. Tension equipment benefits, as it were, from the internal stability and rigidity of the abrasion spindle head. In this way, a component worked with high precision also appears, in the combination of the tool and the tension medium, by means of which it increases, moreover, the precision of the production of complex work pieces and this work piece can be completely transformed on these individual machines with reference to their central perforation, as well as the flat and non-flat external surfaces on both sides.
    [0020] The second abrasion spindle head supporting the tensioning equipment can now be driven in such a way in relation to the middle axis of that tensioning equipment, that the tensioning equipment can be introduced in the drilling already subjected to the abrasion of the workpiece and the workpiece can thus be clamped in a second tension position. In this second tension position, the middle axis of the tensioning equipment and the middle axis of the fixing plate align with each other, where both tension positions exist at least temporarily simultaneously. After this first tension position is resolved and then the second tension position represents the individual fixation, a second flat and / or non-flat outer surface is subjected to abrasion by means of the outer grinding wheel, in which said outer surface points in the direction of the workpiece spindle head. While the first and the second tension positions are carried out in such a way, that their middle axes are aligned with each other and, after releasing the first tension position, the spatial positioning of the workpiece to be subjected to abrasion is preserved with high precision, high abrasion precision can be achieved, and also for the first flat side and the flat side affixed, which is understood as the second flat outer surface, which points to the workpiece spindle head of work.
    [0021] Preferably, the tensioning equipment is a tensioning mandrel, which can be driven in the axial direction with the CNC control and is particularly driven in a rotary manner. But technical modalities can also be designed, in which the tensioning mandrel must not be moved along its longitudinal axis and has only one rotation drive. Axial mobility, which then takes place in the tension chuck or via the second tension spindle head via the Z2 axis, serves to introduce the tension chuck for the ideal clamping ratio as well as in the central drilling of the workpiece , that this is reliably fixed and without the appearance of oblique fixings, so that the middle axis generated in the workpiece spindle by means of the local tensioning device remains maintained after delivery to the tensioning mandrel for the tensioning workpiece .
    [0022] Preferably, the tension mandrel is configured as a hydraulic expansion element. Such a hydraulic expansion element has a region that can apply pressure with a hydraulic fluid, where the region can be deformed under the effect of a high pressure of the hydraulic fluid, which the external surfaces of the tensioning mandrel apply with such a force on the surfaces drilling holes, that the workpiece is fixed firmly in the drilling. The advantage of a tension mandrel acting hydrostatically lies, among others, in the fact that it generates the fixation in a short period of time and in the same short period of time can also be solved again. In addition, the hydraulic expansion tension element has a good value in reference to tension accuracy. In addition, the extent of the clamping force can be controlled by the amount of pressure in the hydraulic fluid.
    [0023] Preferably, the first abrasion spindle head has two abrasion spindle units with respective grinding wheels, through which at least the first and second flat outer surfaces can be subjected to abrasion. The abrasion spindle units can be driven with CNC control in the direction of the X1 and Z1 axis, so that, in the X1-Z1 plane, each position can be approached with high precision with respect to the abrasion conditions. In addition, the abrasion spindle head can have a B axis, which is also controlled by CNC and, with which, the respective wheels can be rotated inwards on the respective abrasion spindles in the abrasion engagement position. An advantage of this arrangement of two abrasion spindles over the first abrasion spindle head lies in the fact that high flexibility can be achieved in relation to the external surfaces to be subjected to abrasion in the case of optimization of abrasion costs and the simultaneous increase production precision through modification in the case of the respective wheels.
    [0024] According to another exemplary embodiment, the first abrasion spindle head is provided with a grinding spindle, which preferably has a diamond grinding disc for grinding the inner wheel. The advantage lies in the fact that the two abrasion spindle heads provided for the abrasion machine according to the invention work together as far as an abrasion spindle head (the first) with the spindle is concerned. grinding device disposed there, the grinding wheel of the other abrasion spindle head (the second) can grind, in order to be able, once the grinding wheel has been worn, to achieve the desired abrasion conditions again for a high abrasion precision.
    [0025] Preferably, the second abrasion spindle head can be driven with CNC control with the abrasion spindle unit arranged there for the abrasion of the internal drilling surfaces in the direction of axis X2 and Z2. With this, the second abrasive spindle unit can be driven in such a way with the tensioning equipment or the tension chuck in the X2-Z2 plane, that each required point can be approached on the workpiece.
    [0026] Preferably, the workpiece spindle head has two workpiece spindles each with a fixing plate, which are arranged with each other and located opposite 180 degrees. The respective workpiece spindle can be pivoted by means of a rotating unit on the workpiece spindle head from a first position, in which at least the first flat outer surface and possibly also the non-flat outer surface, as well as the internal surface of the perforation of the workpiece to be subjected to abrasion can be subjected to abrasion, to a second position, in which the next workpiece is loaded. A new workpiece still to be subjected to abrasion can be loaded onto the workpiece spindle head, which then, in the abrasion position, is pivoted about 180 degrees.
    [0027] In addition, preferably, both abrasion spindle heads are placed each on a crossed carriage, so that a reliable movement with CNC control can run in an X1-Z1 and X2-Z2 plane.
    [0028] Since two abrasion spindle heads are present in the case of the abrasion machine according to the invention and the first abrasion spindle unit supports the outer grinding wheel and the second abrasion spindle unit supports the inner grinding wheel, even preferably, these two wheels can be driven in such a controlled manner in the abrasion coupling that at least the first flat outer surface and the perforation are subjected to abrasion at least temporarily at the same time. With this, the cycle time for the production of the workpiece can be reduced, in which, through the parallel abrasion of the internal surfaces of the perforation and the external flat and non-flat surfaces by means, in particular, of a profiled grinding wheel, by means of of the respective wheels can be compensated, at least in a certain way, for the forces introduced by abrasion, so that the precision of the abrasion results can be high.
    [0029] According to a second aspect of the invention, the method for the complete abrasion of workpieces, particularly gears for the gearbox, is performed with a central perforation and flat and non-flat external surfaces in an abrasion machine previously described. In the case of the method according to the invention, a workpiece is first fixed to a workpiece spindle head. In this tension position, firstly, the first external surfaces on the fixed workpiece are subjected to abrasion completely with the external grinding wheel and at least the internal surfaces at least temporarily simultaneous are subjected to abrasion completely with an internal grinding wheel in the central perforation of the work piece. Then, a tensioning device, which with an abrasion spindle head supporting the internal grinding wheel forms a firm unit, is inserted into the workpiece's perforation and the workpiece is tensioned firmly at least temporarily and simultaneously for clamping on the workpiece spindle head. The firm tension is carried out in such a way by means of the tensioning equipment that the middle axes of the workpiece spindle head fixing plate and the tensioning equipment align with one another on the abrasion spindle head. In this way, the position of the workpiece in space is maintained from the first tension position on the tool spindle head, and even then, when the clamping is subsequently resolved. After fixing the fixture using the workpiece spindle head, the second external surfaces are completely subjected to abrasion, which are located on the opposite side of the workpiece and, first, cannot be subjected to abrasion due to attachment to the workpiece spindle head. The combination of a tensioning device with an abrasion spindle head here offers a high precision tension, that is, the delivery of a workpiece first clamped with the workpiece spindle head for a second planned fixation in drilling central part of the workpiece by means of tensioning equipment. Thus, a complete abrasion transformation of such workpieces can be carried out on one or the same abrasion machine with the method according to the invention.
    [0030] Preferably, the tension equipment is hydraulically controlled from its release position to its tension position and vice versa. The hydraulic control of the tension equipment for the purpose of tension, as well as for the purpose of the solution from a tension position has the advantage that this is carried out only by means of the pressure of the hydraulic fluid and, thus, in a short time, a tension as well as a solution can be performed.
    [0031] Still preferably, the tension equipment is controlled mechanically, electrically or electromagnetically from its release position to its tension position and vice versa. The mode of the physical principle of the control of the voltage equipment depends here on the respective use case, in which the advantages of the respective physical principles of control are known here proportionally by the relevant versed in the technique.
    [0032] Preferably, the workpiece spindle head pivots from a position, in which a tensioning device holds the workpiece in an abrasion position, to a loading position, after the workpiece has been subjected to complete abrasion, that is, in relation to the first and second eternal surfaces, as well as drilling, from which - because the workpiece spindle head, preferably, has two tensioning equipment - a new piece of work to be subjected to abrasion is hinged back to an abrasion position. In this way, the time cycle is saved, because with the articulation into a workpiece to be subjected to abrasion to the abrasion position, that is, for the first tension position, no other downtime arises for the tension of the next workpiece.
    [0033] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the second flat outer surfaces are subjected to abrasion in the linear penetration cutting method. That is, above all things, advantage, when the opposite flat surface does not have collars or recesses, which have non-flat surfaces and, preferably, can be subjected to abrasion with a profiled grinding wheel. Abrasion by means of a linear penetration cutting method is therefore preferably carried out, that different grinding wheels for the outer surfaces are used on one side of the workpiece and for the outer surfaces on the other side of the workpiece . Preferably, the first outer flat and non-flat surfaces are subjected to abrasion by means of a profiled grinding wheel. The profiled grinding wheel allows simultaneous abrasion of all the first external surfaces to be subjected to abrasion, with which the cycle time can be saved equally during the production of the workpiece.
    [0034] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the cooling lubricant is fed to the inner wheel through the interior of the workpiece spindle head. With this, it is possible to ideally carry out the abrasion process on the internal surfaces of the drilling, without the cooling lubricant feeds being disturbing in the region of the abrasion spindle or in the internal grinding wheel.
    [0035] The method is preferably configured in such a way that the inner wheel first subject the drilling to abrasion and then subject it to complete abrasion. With this, the inner grinding wheel has two abrasion regions, which engage one after another on the internal surface of the perforation. In this way, a conversion or synchronization of an internal pre-grinding wheel to be used and the subsequent use of a complete grinding wheel are dispensed with.
    [0036] Other advantages, characteristics and possibilities of use of the present invention are explained in detail now based on the drawings. The drawings illustrate:
    [0037] Figure 1: a top view on the abrasion machine according to the invention in the basic graphical representation;
    [0038] Figure 2: a partial section view of the section plane A-A for the workpiece spindle head from Figure 1;
    [0039] Figure 3: in the basic graphical representation, the mutual engagement of a profiled grinding wheel of the first abrasion spindle head and the internal grinding wheel of the second abrasion spindle head;
    [0040] Figure 4: a position of the second abrasion spindle head, in which the tensioning equipment is oriented in relation to the median axis of the workpiece spindle tensioning equipment and is just before the introduction into the drilling the workpiece;
    [0041] Figure 5: a position of the second abrasion spindle head subsequent to the position according to Figure 4 in the case of the tension equipment carried in the drilling of the workpiece and which is in the tension position;
    [0042] Figure 6: the workpiece tensioned during drilling by means of tensioning equipment, in which the workpiece is subjected to abrasion on the opposite plane side in the linear penetration cutting method;
    [0043] Figure 7: an enlarged graphical representation of the abrasion of the opposite plane side by means of a cutting wheel by linear penetration;
    [0044] Figure 8: an abrasion of the opposite plane side by means of the cutting method by oblique penetration or by means of the cutting wheel by oblique penetration;
    [0045] Figure 9: An internal abrasion from the workpiece perforation by means of an internal grinding wheel with a pre-abrasion region and a complete abrasion region during simultaneous supply of the cooling lubricant through the workpiece spindle head to the abrasion position; and
    [0046] Figure 10: an internal abrasion of the drilling with an internal grinding wheel with a previous abrasion region and a complete abrasion region during the previous abrasion in the peeling abrasion method and the complete abrasion in the penetration cut abrasion method.
    [0047] In Figure 1, in the basic graphical representation, a top view of the abrasion machine according to the invention is shown, which also performs the method according to the invention. On the base of the machine 1, a first abrasion spindle head 2, a second abrasion spindle head 17 and a workpiece spindle head 9 are arranged, which exist with each other in a defined relationship. The first abrasion spindle head 2 supports a first abrasion spindle 3, on which a grinding wheel 3.1 is arranged. In the first abrasion spindle head 2, another abrasion spindle 4 is attached, which admits another grinding wheel 4.1. The grinding wheel 4.1 is profiled and serves to abrasion the first flat outer surfaces 14.1, as well as the non-flat outer surfaces 14.4 of a workpiece 14, which is attached to a tensioning equipment 12 of a first workpiece spindle 10, which rotates the workpiece 14 by means of an axis C1 with CNC control. The profile wheel 4.1 is engaged by abrasion on the workpiece 14 by means of axes X1 and Z1 with CNC control of the first abrasion spindle unit 2.
    [0048] In addition, the first abrasive spindle head 2 has a B axis running vertically in the drawing plane, so that the profiled grinding wheel 4.1 or grinding wheel 3.1 can be engaged with the workpiece by means of a movement of articulation around the B axis of the abrasion spindle head 2. The grinding wheel 3.1 is provided for the abrasion of the second flat outer surface 14.2 on the workpiece. In the graphical representation illustrated in Figure 1, the second flat outer surface 14.2 is fixed within the tensioning equipment 12 of the workpiece spindle 10 and, therefore, cannot be subjected to abrasion during the fixation.
    [0049] The profile wheel 4.1 is now so configured and can be engaged by abrasion to the external contour to be subjected to abrasion, that at least partially simultaneously the internal wheel 19.1, which is disposed in the second spindle head abrasion 17 with the abrasion spindle 19, can be introduced in the drilling 14.3 of the workpiece 14, so that the drilling 14.3 of the workpiece can be subjected to complete abrasion, without thereby losing the time cycle . On the other hand, for this purpose, in the case of abrasion machines or methods according to the state of the art, abrasion operations are carried out successively on the external surfaces and on the internal surfaces.
    [0050] The second abrasion spindle head 17 is configured as a combining unit, while on the abrasion spindle head additional tension equipment 20 is mounted, which can be driven with the abrasion spindle head in the plane X2- Z2, on the one hand, by means of the CNC axes X2 and Z2, in which, in addition, the tensioning equipment 20 can subject an axial displacement 21 along an average axis 20.1.
    [0051] After the outer flat surfaces 14.1 and non-flat surfaces 14.2, as well as the internal surfaces of the drilling 14.3 are subjected to complete abrasion, the abrasion spindle head 17 is driven in relation to its middle axis as much as in the direction X2 , that the middle axis 20.1 of the tensioning equipment 20 aligns with the medium axis 10.1 of the workpiece spindle 10 of the workpiece spindle head 9. In this position of the spindle head 17, the tensioning equipment 20 is introduced in drilling 14.3 and admits the workpiece in the form of a fixture. Here, over a short defined period of time, the workpiece is tensioned both on the tensioning equipment 12 of the workpiece spindle head 9, and also with clamping by means of tensioning equipment 20. After successful fixing of workpiece 14 by means of tensioning equipment 20, tensioning equipment 20 of workpiece spindle head 9 is solved and the second abrasion spindle head 17 is driven. In this way, the second flat outer surface 14.4 is released, so that, by means of the first abrasion spindle head 2, the grinding wheel 3.1 can reach the abrasion position. The grinding wheel 3.1 is configured as a flat grinding wheel, so that the second flat outer surface 14.2 is generated in the mode of the linear penetration cutting method. Thus, it is possible to subject a workpiece to complete abrasion, particularly in the form of a gear for the gearbox, on one or the same abrasion machine in relation to the front external as well as the rear sides and the internal drilling surfaces. Therefore, it can be ensured that the individual parts subjected to abrasion are manufactured with each other on the workpiece with small tolerances of measurement, position and shape.
    [0052] The workpiece spindle head 9 is now so configured that two spindles are available, which are arranged in a 180 ° arrangement opposite to the workpiece spindle head 9. In the drawing on the right side the workpiece spindle head 9 with its middle axis 10.1 and with the tension equipment 12 fixed there is provided. The second workpiece spindle 11 with its middle axis 11.1 and tensioning equipment 13 is provided on the left side in Figure 1, while the workpiece spindle with its tensioning equipment 12 fixed a workpiece 14 now subjected to abrasion or also subjected to complete abrasion, a workpiece 15 not yet subjected to abrasion is now clamped with the second workpiece spindle 11, that is, with its tensioning equipment 13. The workpiece 15 can be driven by the second workpiece spindle 11 via a C2 axis with CNC control. The workpiece spindle head 9 is now so pivotally arranged that the workpiece 15 recently admitted into the loading position can be moved to an abrasion position. This is due to the double arrangement of the workpiece spindle in the workpiece spindle head 9 in a short period of time. In this way, it is achieved that the idle times are minimized in the abrasion machine.
    [0053] In the workpiece spindle head 9, a grinding spindle 16 is additionally fixed with a grinding wheel 16.1, by means of which the grinding wheels 3.1 and 4.1 of the first abrasion spindle head can be ground. The first abrasion spindle head 2 has another grinding spindle 5 with a diamond grinding wheel 6, by means of which the inner grinding wheel 19.1, which is also referred to as the abrasion chuck, can be ground.
    [0054] In addition to machine base 1 of the abrasion machine, the feeding of the tube parts to the abrasion machine and the unloading of the complete parts from the tension chuck 20 and from the abrasion machine occurs with a fully automatic handling not shown from / to the feed or unloading strip 22, which is shown in Figure 1 on the left next to the machine base 1 of the abrasion machine. In order to feed the workpieces of the abrasion machine or unload from the machine, after the said workpieces have been subjected to complete abrasion, special handling equipment is provided, which are not described separately here, since that these have no special significance for the present invention. By arranging the two workpiece spindles 10, 11 in the workpiece spindle head 9, it is possible to carry out, in idle time, with tube workpieces 15 recently provided for abrasion. The articulation of the pipe workpieces from the hard loading position, with the workpiece spindle head 9, for example, less than 2 seconds. The loading on the fixing plate 13 at this point is not critical in relation to the time required for this, as this, in all cases, can be carried out in a shorter time than the abrasion time required for the complete abrasion of the workpiece. work 14. In any case, loading on a fastening plate with tension and the corresponding handling movements generally takes place in about 8 seconds. Since this happens in the secondary time, that is, in a time, in which workpiece 14 is worked, the total cycle temple for a workpiece can be further reduced, which has an economic effect on production costs of the workpieces.
    [0055] Figure 2 shows in a partial section along the AA plane according to Figure 1, how the arrangement of the two workpiece spindles 10, 11 is performed on the workpiece spindle head 9. Both workpiece spindles 10, 11 can be articulated by means of a rotating unit 23 from an abrasion position, which, in Figure 2, corresponds to the workpiece arrangement 14, for a loading position, the which, in Figure 2, corresponds to workpiece 15. Both workpiece spindles 10, 11 can then be taken alternatively to the transformation position. It is shown schematically in the case of this partial section view AA of the workpiece head of the machine base 1. Thus, that the workpiece spindle 10, that is, in Figure 2, the lower workpiece spindle, work, is arranged close to the machine base during the abrasion engagement for the abrasion of the internal and external contours of the workpiece 14, the heat transition of the abrasion machine is largely eliminated, and the rigidity of the complete component is also increased by through the leverage effect. In this way, during the abrasion transformation, great precision can be achieved in relation to the measurement and shape precision that can be achieved to the maximum. As already shown in the context with the description of Figure 1, during the abrasion transformation on the workpiece 14, a loading of the workpiece spindle 11 or tensioning equipment 13 is carried out with a new tube workpiece 15. This means that the loading takes place during the abrasion transformation. The loading movements are so programmed that the loading cycle does not coincide, for example, with the instant of reaching the final dimension in the workpiece 14. Another special optimization of the quality achievable in the workpiece is possible through this special programming. working 14 on the abrasion machine. The loading and unloading of the workpiece is then carried out in the so-called idle time. In order to perform a real abrasion procedure on the workpiece 14, it is necessary to perform a workpiece articulation procedure 15 in just a short period of time in the position of the workpiece 14 according to Figure 2. A workpiece 15 is, as it were, workpiece 14, when the abrasion transformation is allowed into the workpiece or when it has been completely completed. In this way, the actual time for loading and unloading does not intervene for the cycle time, but only the articulation time from the loading position to the abrasion position.
    [0056] Figure 3 shows an enlarged partial view of the abrasion machine region according to Figure 1, which illustrates the workpiece spindle head 10 with the workpiece 14 attached, to which the wheel 4.1 it engages with it and the inner wheel 19.1 also engages the second abrasive spindle head 19 for abrasion of the inner surface of the drilling 14.3. During the transformation - as shown in this figure - the workpiece 14 is firmly attached to the clamping plate 12. For exact alignment and for determining the longitudinal position on the clamping plate, the workpiece 14 leans against a ring stop 24 on the fixing plate. With such a reference plane, the workpiece 14 is now activated with the CNC control in a rotating manner and firmly fixed by means of the workpiece spindle 10 on the clamping plate 12 is subjected to abrasion in relation to its external contour in the form the first outer flat surfaces 14.1 and the outer non-flat surfaces 14.4 by means of the profiled outer grinding wheel 4.1 in the abrasion spindle 4. At the same time, the drilling 14.3 of the workpiece 14 is subjected to abrasion with the inner grinding wheel 19.1, which it is driven in a rotary manner by means of the abrasion spindle 19 attached to the second abrasion spindle head 17. Both transformation steps can be carried out at least partially or also completely simultaneously. The latter evidently corresponds only, if the transformation times for both transformation procedures have approximately the same duration. The simultaneous transformation of external surfaces 14.1 and 14.4, as well as drilling 14.3 results in reduced transformation time or cycle times and, as a result, results in reduced workpiece costs. Since both the drives for the external grinding wheel 4.1, as well as the internal grinding wheel 19.1 occur with CNC control, the transformation of both procedures can be carried out partially or completely by moving them one after the other, as long as this is advantageous for a defined piece of work. Although this increases the cycle time, technological abrasion considerations can be quite advantageous for certain workpieces.
    [0057] In Figure 3, during abrasion, the feed direction of the inner wheel 19.1 or the abrasive pin in the direction of arrow 30 is illustrated. In principle, it can also be advantageous to execute the feed direction in the opposite direction. This depends heavily on the constructive configuration of the abrasion machine. By means of this measurement, the values of stiffness and temperature deviations can be exploited from the abrasion machine, so that the abrasion results are further optimized in relation to precision.
    [0058] On the same housing, in which the abrasion spindle 19 is attached to the second abrasion spindle head 17, tension equipment 20 is also attached, preferably in the form of a tension mandrel, which is illustrated in the region of spindle head 17 shown in partial view. The chuck is automatically operated in an axially displaceable manner (21) and in a rotational manner. Due to the possibility that the second abrasive spindle head 17 can also be configured movably along its axes X2 and Z2, the tension mandrel 20 can be aligned with the aligned direction of its middle axis 20.1 with respect to the medium axis 10.1 of the workpiece spindle 10 and, in this position, it is possible to make a fixation identical to the position of the workpiece location in the area for fixing by means of the workpiece spindle 10 with the clamping plate 12 In this way, a high precision of the transformation of the workpiece is possible, because for each of both fixings, the same location of the workpiece is reduced in relation to the average axis in the fixed state.
    [0059] Abrasion with both the internal grinding wheel 19.1, as well as the external grinding wheel 4.1 occurs, most of the time, with CBN coating, in which, preferably, CBN ceramic coating is used. Of course, other means of abrasion are also possible, such as, for example, corundum or other connections of CBN coatings, in which the respective ideal abrasion coatings are chosen according to the transformation task.
    [0060] On the tension chuck 20 shown in Figure 3, more precisely on its left side, a tension element 25 is suggested, which is open or closed automatic motorcycle, that is, tensioned by means of the abrasion program in its end region, which is provided for the actual fixing of the workpiece 14 in the drilling 14.3. In this case, a hydraulic expansion tension element is illustrated. Such a hydraulic expansion tension element is expanded by applying tension with a hydraulic fluid to activate the fixation. For relief, the pressure of the hydraulic fluid is correspondingly reduced. Of course, other tension elements are also possible, such as tension clamps or even an internal fixation plate, that is, a mechanical plate.
    [0061] In Figure 4 the complete complete transformation of the flat and non-flat external surfaces 14.1 and 14.4 is completed, as well as the internal surfaces of the drilling 14.3 of the workpiece 14, and the abrasion spindle head 17 was so driven along its axis with CNC control, that the inner wheel 19.1 is so parallel to the middle axis 10.1 of the workpiece spindle, that the mandrel 20 is located directly before drilling 14.3 of the workpiece work 14, in order to be able to be introduced, in the end, in relation to its axial displacement 21 with the purpose of tension in its drilling 14.3. The geometry of the workpiece spindle 10 as well as the abrasion spindle 19 is so chosen here for the inner wheel 19.1 that there are no interference contours between the workpiece spindle head and the abrasion spindle 19 or the inner wheel 19.1.
    [0062] In order to obtain a better distribution of the cooling lubricant in the case of the internal grinding wheel 19.1 or the abrasion pin during a cooling lubricant supply via the workpiece spindle 10, it is advantageous to provide the abrasion pin with a conical projection 19.2.
    [0063] In Figure 5, the moment in relation to Figure 4 is now illustrated, in which the tension mandrel 20 is inserted into the hole 14.3 after its axial displacement 21 and the workpiece 14 is held there. The clamping is carried out in such a way that the middle axis of the tension chuck 20.1 aligns exactly with the middle axis 10.1 of the workpiece spindle 10. At this point, the workpiece is, so to speak, twice fixed, both with the fixing plate 12 of the workpiece spindle 10, as well as with the tensioning mandrel 20 of the abrasion spindle head 17. Only when the workpiece 14 is completely fixed in drilling 14.3 by means of the mandrel of tension 20, the clamping plate 12 can be resolved by the workpiece 14 and the abrasive spindle head 17 can be guided along its axis with CNC control, that is, in Figure 5 to the right.
    [0064] The conversion and delivery of the workpiece 14 by the clamping plate 12 on the tension chuck 20 can occur in the case of the stationary or rotating workpiece spindle 10. In the case of a conversion with a rotating workpiece spindle working 10 then the tension chuck 20 must rotate with an equal rotational speed and with a direction of rotation in the same direction. Therefore, the conversion time can be optimized.
    [0065] When the abrasion spindle head 17 was driven with the workpiece 14 (see Figure 6), the second flat outer surface 14.2 can be subjected to abrasion with the external grinding wheel 3.1, which is maintained on the associated spindle abrasion tool 3 and is triggered therefrom, since the workpiece 14, hereinafter, is completely and reliably and precisely fixed with the tension chuck 20 in the internal drilling of the workpiece by means of the hydrogen expansion tension 25. When the workpiece is fixed with tension chuck 20 and it moves the workpiece in rotation, which is suggested by means of the arrow indicated circularly on the right side, also in the case of the driven external grinding wheel 3.1, the second flat external surface 14.2 is subjected to abrasion. The inner wheel 19.1 is driven with its abrasion spindle 19 in this position, so to speak, to the side and exits the hitch.
    [0066] The tension mandrel is so configured that its concentricity errors, in general, have only a few μm. In this way, after this method and with this abrasion machine, workpieces with high precision can be produced in a single abrasion machine on one or the same abrasion machine, in the sense of a complete transformation of the workpiece of both sides.
    [0067] Depending on the configuration of workpiece 14, it is also possible that, on the opposite flat side 14.3, non-flat surfaces can be subjected to abrasion. In such a case, for example, instead of the cutting wheel by linear penetration 3.1, a profiled wheel is used, that is, in the mode of the external wheel 4.1 shown in Figure 3.
    [0068] In Figure 7 is shown, in an enlarged graphical representation, the transformation situation according to Figure 6, in which the second outer flat surface 14.2 is additionally deduced. With the flat grinding wheel 3.1, both parts of the flat outer surface 14.2 can be subjected to abrasion reliably.
    [0069] In Figure 8 the position for abrasion of the second flat outer surface 14.2 is illustrated in analogy with Figure 6, however, by means of an external grinding wheel 3.1, which is used in the oblique penetration cutting method. This external grinding wheel 3.1 is then placed below the corresponding arrangement with its abrasion spindle 3 on the first abrasion spindle head 2 (not shown here). With such an arrangement, additional non-flat external surfaces can also be subjected to abrasion on the flat side affixed, that is, possibly cylindrical or conical sections in the workpiece on its second side, for which the external grinding wheel shown 3.1 is used. or a profiled grinding wheel according to the modality shown in Figure 3, however, under another arrangement or angularly feeding. Whether the opposite plane side is transformed into a linear penetration cut abrasion or an oblique penetration cut abrasion depends on the required abrasion task and, of course, also on the geometry of the workpiece 14. The abrasion machine according to the invention, for this purpose, it can be individually adapted to the workpiece and the abrasion task, without the basic construction shown in Figure 1 being otherwise configured.
    [0070] In Figure 9, another preferred modality of the abrasion machine is illustrated during the abrasion of the drilling 14.3 of the workpiece 14 by means of the internal grinding wheel 19.1. For clarity, the outer wheel 4.1 (see Figure 3) has been omitted here. The inner wheel 19.1 is configured as an abrasion mandrel and has two abrasion regions 19.1.1 and 19.1.2 with different abrasion coatings. The first abrasive conductive coating 19.1.1 serves as a pre-abrasion of the internal surfaces of the drilling 14.3 and the second subsequent abrasion coating 19.1.2 serves for the complete abrasion of the drilling. Since the diameter of the second abrasion coating 19.1.2 is larger than that of the first abrasion coating 19.1.1, after the end of pre-abrasion through the first abrasion coating 19.1.1, the spindle head abrasion 17 is displaced with the abrasive spindle 19 transverse with respect to the middle axis corresponding to the X2 axis and this second abrasion region 19.1.2 is taken into the perforation for complete abrasion. The first abrasion region 19.1.1 then protrudes into the free space within the workpiece spindle 10.
    [0071] Normally the pre-abrasive wheel must be the one, which is extracted the furthest from the spindle storage. Such two-level internal grinding wheels 19.1 are then used, above all, when the drilling 14.3 of the workpiece 14 has, for example, high abrasion dimensions or the abrasion dimensions articulate strongly from the pre-transformation. This pre-abrasion can be advantageous, as the case may be, which substance should be cut.
    [0072] A 19.1.2 abrasion coating is also used here for complete abrasion with ceramic CBN coating, so that good surface qualities and high precision are achieved accordingly. For pre-abrasion it can also be subjected to abrasion with a CBN ceramic coating; however, a 19.1.1 abrasive coating with galvanically coated CBN coating can also be used. Wheels with galvanically coated CBN coatings usually have high cutting performance, so they are particularly well suited for pre-abrasion procedures. In the case of such a two-level internal grinding wheel 19.1, the optimization of the abrasion process and the achievable precision are possible in the case of the same technical execution of the machine.
    [0073] It is necessary that the cooling lubricant 26 is fed into the wheel 19.1 which is engaged during the abrasion. According to this exemplary embodiment, the cooling lubricant 26 is fed along the inside of the workpiece spindle 10 and is fed to the actual abrasion coupling. In order to obtain a better distribution of the cooling lubricant 26, the front part, that is to say the pre-abrasion region 19.1.1 of the inner wheel 19.1, may have a conical projection for the best distribution of the cooling lubricant 26. However , such a conical protrusion does not need to be provided. The advantage of such a tapered elevation 27 at the front end of the inner wheel 19.1 consists in a low turbulence of the cooling lubricant 26 during feeding in the abrasion position, with the supply of the abrasion zone with the cooling lubricant and thereby , the abrasion conditions are improved. As a result, this has a positive consequence for the precision of the abrasion results and for the properties of the surfaces on the workpiece subjected to complete abrasion.
    [0074] In Figure 10 another preferred modality similar to that shown in Figure 9 is illustrated, in which the inner wheel 19.1 is also provided with two levels with a first abrasive region 19.1.1 and a second subsequent region of abrasion 19.1.2. The first conductive abrasion region 19.1.1 has a larger diameter than the second subsequent abrasion region 19.1.2. The first abrasion region 19.1.1 is configured clearly narrower than the second abrasion region 19.1.2, since, with the pre-abrasion region 19.1.1, a relatively large dimension is polished in an abrasion mode by peeling, where it is used, according to the purpose, as a CBN abrasion coating. When the pre-abrasion is finished, the inner wheel 19.1 is driven so far in the drilling with its second region 19.1, that the drilling can be subjected to complete abrasion in an internal cylindrical abrasion mode, particularly also in a cut-off abrasion mode. penetration. Here the first abrasion region 19.1.1 is driven so far into the free space within the workpiece spindle 10, that the second abrasion region 19.1.2 can be fed along the X2 axis of the abrasion spindle 10 on the inner surface to be subjected to drilling abrasion 14.3.
    [0075] The front abrasion region 19.1.1 of the inner wheel 19.1 also has a tapered elevation 27, which serves the uniform distribution of the cooling lubricant 26 to the respective abrasion engagement positions.
    [0076] The arrows indicated on the fixation plate 12 in the tension break must express that the fixation plate keeps the workpiece 14 in the fixed state, as long as the surfaces to be subjected to abrasion are transformed.
    [0077] In the case of this pre-abrasion mode, the abrasion time on the workpiece can be optimized in such a way by pre-abrasion with the first abrasion region 19.1.1 with the direction of travel of the inner wheel 19.1 in the direction of the clamping plate 12 on the workpiece 14, that the “insertion movement” of the abrasion pin 19.1 is already used for pre-abrasion. This modality allows that, with the very low abrasion dimension, it can be subjected to complete abrasion with the second abrasion region 19.1.2 of the internal grinding wheel 19.1. In this way the total abrasion time for drilling 14.3 can be fully optimized.
    [0078] By integrating an abrasion spindle head, here for internal abrasion, and tensioning equipment in a single device unit, the advantages of the abrasion spindle in any case requiring high stability are used for the tension equipment requiring high precision for both parts of the combined unit. List of reference numbers 1 Machine base 2 First abrasion spindle head 3 Abrasion spindle unit 3.1 External grinding wheel 4 Abrasion spindle unit 4.1 External grinding wheel 5 Grinding spindle for the abrasion chuck (drilling abrasion) 6 Disc diamond grinding wheel 7 Axis with CNC control X1 / Z1 8 B axis 9 Workpiece spindle and spindle 10 Workpiece spindle 10.1 Middle axis 11 Workpiece spindle 11.1 Medium axis 12 Clamping plate 13 Clamping plate 14 Workpiece 14.1 First flat external surface 14.2 Second flat external surface 14.3 Drilling 14.4 Non-flat external surface 15 Workpiece 16 Grinding spindle for the grinding wheel (external abrasion) 16.1 Grinding wheel 17 Second abrasion spindle head 18 Shafts with CNC control X2 / Z2 19 Abrasive spindle unit 19.1 Internal abrasion wheel / Abrasion pin 19.1.1 First abrasion region 19.1.2 Second abrasion region 19.2 Tapered projection 20 Man tension roller 20.1 medium shaft 21 axial displacement 22 supply and discharge range 23 rotation unit 24 stop ring 25 tension element 26 cooling lubricant 27 conical front elevation of the inner wheel 30 feeding direction
    权利要求:
    Claims (22)
    [0001]
    1. Abrasion machine for the complete transformation of workpieces (14) with a central perforation (14.3), flat (14.1, 14.2) and non-flat (14.4) external surfaces, which has a first abrasion spindle head ( 2) with an external grinding wheel (3.1, 4.1) for the transformation of external surfaces (14.1, 14.2, 14.4), a workpiece spindle head (9) to exert tension on the work pieces (14, 15) and a second abrasion spindle head (17) with an internal grinding wheel (19.1) for the transformation of the internal drilling surface (14.3), in which the workpiece (14) can be fixed on a head fixing plate (12) workpiece spindle (9) for transforming it from at least one first flat outer surface (14.1) pointing in the direction of the second abrasion spindle head (17) and the drilling (14.3) on a medium axis ( 10.1) in a first tension position, the abrasion machine characterized by the fact that the second head abrasion spindle (17) supports tension equipment (20), which can be driven in such a way in relation to its middle axis (20.1), that it can be inserted into the already polished perforation (14.3) of the workpiece workpiece (14) and the workpiece (14) can be fixed there with the tensioning equipment (20) in its second tensioning position, in which the middle axis (20.1) of the tensioning equipment (20) in the second tensioning position tension aligns with the middle axis (10.1) of the fixing plate (12) in the first tension position and both tension positions exist at least temporarily at the same time, where, by means of the external grinding wheel (3.1) in the second tension position after the first released position, at least one second flat outer surface (14.2) pointing towards the workpiece spindle head (9) can be subjected to abrasion.
    [0002]
    2. Abrasion machine according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the tensioning equipment (20) can be driven axially, particularly with CNC control.
    [0003]
    3. Abrasion machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the tensioning equipment (20) is a tensioning mandrel, which is rotationally driven
    [0004]
    4. Abrasion machine according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the mandrel (20) has a hydraulic expansion element.
    [0005]
    Abrasion machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the first abrasion spindle head (2) has two abrasion spindle units (3, 4) with respective grinding wheels (3.1 , 4.1) for the transformation of the first (14.1) and the second flat outer surface (14.2), in which the abrasive spindle units (3, 4) can be guided in the direction of axis X1 and Z1 (7) and the head abrasion spindle (2) can be driven with the CNC control around a B axis (8).
    [0006]
    6. Abrasion machine according to claim 5, characterized by the fact that the first abrasion spindle head (2) has a grinding spindle (5) with a diamond grinding disc (6) for grinding the wheel internal (19.1).
    [0007]
    Abrasion machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the abrasion spindle unit (19) arranged on the second abrasion spindle head (17) can be driven with the control CNC in the direction of axis X2 and Z2 (18).
    [0008]
    8. Abrasion machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the workpiece spindle head (9) has two workpiece spindles (10, 11) each with a fixing plate (12, 13), which are arranged with each other and located in the opposite way and, by means of a rotation unit (23), can be articulated from a first position, in which at least the first flat outer surface (14.1) and the perforation (14.3) of the workpiece (14) to be subjected to abrasion can be subjected to abrasion, to a second position, in which the workpiece already subjected to abrasion is in a loading position.
    [0009]
    9. Abrasion machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the fact that the first and second abrasion spindle heads (2, 17) are each arranged on a crossed carriage.
    [0010]
    10. Abrasion machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the fact that the inner (19.1) and outer (3.1, 4.1) wheels can be carried in such a controlled way in the abrasion hitch, that at least minus the first flat outer surface (14.1) and the perforation (14.3) are subjected to abrasion at least temporarily at the same time.
    [0011]
    11. Method for the complete abrasion of workpieces (14, 15) with a central perforation (14.3), flat (14.1, 14.2) and non-flat (14.4) external surfaces in an abrasion machine with the characteristics according to the claims of 1 to 10, the method characterized by the fact that a workpiece (14) attached to a workpiece spindle head (9) is first subjected to abrasion completely, essentially on its first external surfaces (14.1 , 14.4) by means of an external grinding wheel (3.1, 4.1) and, at least temporarily and simultaneously, in the drilling (14.3) by means of an internal grinding wheel (19.1), followed by tension equipment (20) disposed on a abrasion spindle head (17) supporting the inner wheel (19.1) is inserted into the bore (14.3) and the workpiece (14) is also tightened at least temporarily and simultaneously by means of the workpiece spindle head (9 ) for fixing, in such a way that the middle axes (10.1, 20 .1) of the clamping plate (12) of the workpiece spindle head (9) and of the tensioning equipment (20) align with each other on the abrasion spindle head (17), then the clamping is resolved by means of the workpiece spindle head (9) and, subsequently, the second external surfaces (14.2), which are essentially located opposite the first external surfaces (14.1), are subjected to abrasion.
    [0012]
    12. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the tension equipment (20) is controlled hydraulically from its release position to its tension position and vice versa.
    [0013]
    13. Method according to claim 11, characterized by the fact that the voltage equipment (20) is controlled mechanically, electrically or electromagnetically from its release position to its voltage position and vice versa.
    [0014]
    14. Method according to any of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the workpiece spindle head (9) articulates a loaded workpiece (15) to an abrasion position.
    [0015]
    15. Method according to any of claims 11 to 14, characterized by the fact that the first flat and non-flat external surfaces (14.1, 14.4) are subjected to abrasion essentially simultaneously by means of a profiled grinding wheel (4.1).
    [0016]
    16. Method according to any of claims 11 to 15, characterized by the fact that the second flat outer surfaces (14.2) are subjected to abrasion in the linear penetration cutting method.
    [0017]
    17. Method according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized by the fact that the second flat outer surfaces (14.2) and in addition the non-flat outer surfaces are subjected to abrasion essentially simultaneously by means of the grinding wheel (3.1) in the oblique penetration cutting method.
    [0018]
    18. Method according to any one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that the cooling lubricant (26) is fed to the inner wheel (19.1) through the interior of the workpiece spindle head (9 ).
    [0019]
    19. Method according to any one of claims 11 to 18, characterized by the fact that cooling lubricant is distributed to the inner wheel (19.1) by means of the tapered modality at the end of the inner wheel (19.1) during drilling.
    [0020]
    20. Method, according to any one of claims 11 to 19, characterized by the fact that the inner grinding wheel (19.1) undergoes abrasion the perforation (14.3) previously with a first abrasion region (19.1.1) and submits to the abrasion completely with the second abrasion region (19.1.2).
    [0021]
    21. Method, according to claim 20, characterized by the fact that the inner grinding wheel (19.1) with the first abrasion region (19.1.1) submits the drilling (14.3) to abrasion previously through the penetration cut abrasion .
    [0022]
    22. Method, according to claim 20, characterized by the fact that the inner grinding wheel (19.1) with the first abrasion region (19.1.1) undergoes drilling the drilling (14.3) previously by means of peeling abrasion.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN106061676A|2016-10-26|
    CN106061676B|2019-03-15|
    RU2016137818A3|2018-06-28|
    EP3110594A1|2017-01-04|
    ES2664172T3|2018-04-18|
    US20170252886A1|2017-09-07|
    WO2015128210A1|2015-09-03|
    JP2017510468A|2017-04-13|
    US10058968B2|2018-08-28|
    EP3110594B1|2018-01-31|
    RU2016137818A|2018-03-29|
    JP6469715B2|2019-02-13|
    DE102014203402B3|2015-07-09|
    RU2663503C2|2018-08-07|
    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    2020-03-24| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-12-08| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2021-01-26| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 13/02/2015, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102014203402.7|2014-02-25|
    DE102014203402.7A|DE102014203402B3|2014-02-25|2014-02-25|GRINDING MACHINE AND METHOD FOR GRINDING AXIAL HOLES AND BOTH WORKPIECES APPLICABLE TO WORK ON THE SURFACE|
    PCT/EP2015/053121|WO2015128210A1|2014-02-25|2015-02-13|Grinding machine and method for grinding workpieces that have axial bores and planar external surfaces to be machined on both sides|
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