巴西专利BR112016010949B1 camouflage pattern with wavy lines

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专利摘要:
CAMOUFLAGE PATTERN WITH CURLING LINES This application refers to a camouflage pattern based on two designs, the first of which is a camouflage pattern composed of two to 15 colors, two or more shades or two or more hues of the same color, which have different reflectances, and a second design comprising a series of diagonal undulating lines overlaid on the print of the first design, preferably forming a diamond mesh that together increase the ability to merge with the environment in different environments, among them : jungle, forest, savanna, desert and urban environment, both day and night, even with the use of night vision equipment.
公开号:BR112016010949B1
申请号:R112016010949-0
申请日:2014-05-14
公开日:2021-02-09
发明作者:Iván Harvey Mora Gámes
申请人:Ministerio De Defensa - Fuerza Aérea Colombiana；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Technical field
[001] The present application refers to a camouflage pattern based on two designs, the first of which is a camouflage print composed of two or more colors, two or more shades or two or more hues of the same color, which have different reflectances and a second drawing, which comprises a series of diagonal undulating lines superimposed on the pattern of the first drawing and which together produce a reflectance of the light spectrum at different wavelengths, which generates an optical effect that increases the ability to mimic the environment and pass unnoticed in different environments, including: jungle, forest, savanna, desert and urban environment, both day and night, even with the use of night vision equipment.
[002] The pattern of the invention can be applied to different surfaces, among them textiles, shoes, hulls, vehicles, aircraft, boats, structures, buildings, firearms and any other material of intendance. State of the art
[003] The development of camouflage patterns arises in response to man's intention to make himself invisible and begins in 1942 with the pattern known as "duck hunter", which was associated with the model that has large irregular spots of various you run on a solid background. Variations from the original pattern were reproduced by Americans and foreign firms in the sixties and nineties and are marketed as clothing for sport hunting. This style of camouflage is also often called a "duck spot" or "patch" of a duck hunter. Although its use is common, this camouflage pattern would need an effect that provides depth and does not allow a camouflage effect to be obtained in environments other than nature, such as: asphalt, snow, desert etc.
[004] Seeking to improve this first intention came the “brushstroke” camouflage used by Major Denison of the British army who took a khaki colored fabric and applied color with a brush to produce a brush effect, thus creating a camouflage pattern for the paratroopers who were likely to be targeted by enemy snipers. The term brushstroke refers to the strips painted with these brushes, which have resulted in wide patterns of color. The brushstroke pattern was used on British uniforms during the 1960s and was copied by several countries in Africa, the Middle East and Asia. This pattern influenced the development of other derived patterns, such as the French “lizard” and the Vietnamese “tiger list”. Despite the contribution that this drawing represented at the time, it has the disadvantage of being a handmade drawing and, therefore, it does not have a defined pattern that allows it to adapt forms of nature and thus produce an optical effect of deception or invisibility.
[005] In parallel to this brushstroke pattern, the United States developed the ERDL pattern known as the “leaf pattern” used during the Vietnam War, consisting of this design in green organic forms with brown spots and herb forms with branches of black and a lime green background. Although several designs were derived from the leaf pattern, they all tend to have thicker overlapping shapes and large areas of solid color. In the original pattern it was predominantly green and was characterized by having narrow and irregular branches in two or more colors, on a solid background.
[006] As already mentioned, the French opted for the “Leopard” camouflage pattern that was known locally by French paratroopers during the Algerian war as “lizard”. This pattern descends directly from the British design called “brushstroke”. There are two versions of the lizard pattern, one in which the lists have a vertical orientation and the other with a horizontal orientation, the French patterns created in 1950 were horizontal, but those elaborated by Portugal were, a little later, vertical.
[007] At the time when the “Leopard” camouflage pattern emerged, a pattern called “shard pattern” was developed, which refers to camouflage designs originating in the German Wehrmacht that incorporate geometric shapes with an overlapping rain lines and for the descending patterns. Although the overlapping “rain” was a characteristic of the original German designs, the term “splinter” encompasses all designs that have geometric shapes that resemble fragments of shards of glass or other fragile materials. The original German term for this pattern was Splittertarn (splinter camouflage) or Splittermuster (splinter pattern).
[008] In the state of the art also if the puzzle pattern which, unlike most of the camouflage pattern already mentioned, was not derived from a specific pattern. The most prominent of the puzzle patterns was that developed by Belgium in the 1956s. Although the first Belgian camouflage patterns were influenced by brushwork design, this design broke down barriers and brought together a category of camouflage designs that is characterized by having shapes that resemble pieces of a puzzle.
[009] In 1960 the Dissociation Standard Material (DPM) appears, one of the models widely copied in the world. Many countries have their own variations on this pattern to adapt it to the normal forest or desert. The “normal DPM model” was developed for temperate climates and consists of the integration of the colors black, brown and phosphorescent green, formed on a background of khaki color or light coffee. There are dozens of variations created for tropical climates and some for desert climates. The DPM standard remains in use in the British army, but is gradually being replaced by the new multi-terrain (TMP) standard. The problem with this design is that once the material is worn and when the colors fade, an easily detectable effect is produced. This camouflage pattern consists of a mixture of patches of different colors that resemble those in the environment, but their distribution is within very wide limits, which negatively affects the visual effect of camouflage.
[0010] In the development of the DPM design and the “leopard” pattern, there was also the “rain” pattern design, which refers to a camouflage design that incorporates a large percentage of vertically aligned “strips” or “spots” and that simulate the image of the falling rain. During the Second World War, the German Wehrmacht used this feature in several camouflage patterns, mainly in the Splittermuster (shard) and Sumpfmuster (swamp) designs. These patterns were later modified, but the idea of "falling rain" (in which raindrops were isolated as the main feature on a solid color background) came from the Eastern European Warsaw Pact countries. The South African government has even reproduced the pattern for its Special Forces Units, in which the pattern has been dubbed "rice patches". Poland appears to have been the first Warsaw Pact country to produce a simplified design of the “rain pattern”, which consists of thin strips of brown rain on a gray field background.
[0011] Another widely recognized camouflage pattern is what was called the “tiger list” pattern which refers to a family of camouflage designs developed in Southeast Asia (especially in the Republic of Vietnam) during the 1960s. The term “ tiger stripes ”(the“ tiger model ”) refers to the rudimentary similarity between the narrow strokes of the camouflage design and the design of natural leather of the genus Panthera tigris. The first model of the “tiger list” pattern was a locally made copy of the French lizard pattern produced for the Vietnamese Navy Corps (Soc Ran Thuy Quân Luc-Chién). Among the variations of this pattern are designs that include lists of different colors or shades drawn on a background that includes greens and browns. Other variations are associated with the number of lists and they are known as “sparse” and “dense” versions.
[0012] Another camouflage design widely used in military uniforms was developed in 1971 in the United States and is known as the "Chocolate Chip" design. This camouflage pattern originally comprised six colors and came about in response to conditions found in California's rocky deserts. The original design comprised patches in two shades of medium coffee over extensive areas of sand and light coffee, dotted with forms of smaller rocks printed in black and matte white. This design had its peak utility between 1981 and 1991. It was initially used by United States military personnel who served in Sinai, but its most frequent use was during Operation Desert Shield / Storm (the Persian Gulf War) and later in the raids in Somalia. Over time it was established that the design has limited effectiveness in many of the arid sand deserts of the Persian Gulf and North Africa, and since 1991 it has been replaced by the three-color desert pattern. However, the original six-color design has been used by many nations, and has given rise to a wide variety of derivatives using different color combinations.
[0013] In 1981 the term “forest” was included, which generally applies to the “forest” standard m81 of the United States (which in turn was derived from the standard m1948 ERDL) and all its derivatives. The “woodland” camouflage is based on the m81 wooded pattern and was one of the most reproduced and modified camouflage patterns. This design was the most used by the Military Forces all over the world and even many military uniforms also use it.
[0014] Currently, the most popular camouflage design is the one recognized with the term “digital” that was designed, using computer algorithms that are programmed to create micropatterns for effective disturbance (organic, conventional and / or similar camouflage designs used for macropatterns). The theory behind micropatterns is that large patches of color with tapered profiles are easier to see, while fading or lack of definition of the edges of color patches makes the outlines more difficult to define.
[0015] In common use, although the term digital has been used to refer to any camouflage design that incorporates pixels instead of organic shapes to create the design. Although the term “pixelated” camouflage is more accurate.
[0016] The first country to adopt a true digital model was Canada, which presented its CADPAT (Canadian Standard) in 1997. Among the patents that refer to this design is the patent CA2442558 which refers to a camouflage material that has a granitic aspect, made from mixed colored grains, in which approximately 21% of the colored grains have a light green color; approximately 6% of these color grains have a brown color, approximately 48% of these color grains have a medium green color and above 25% of these color grains have a black color. Among the benefits identified for this design is the reduced likelihood of detection by night vision devices.
[0017] The basis of the camouflage effect obtained with this pattern is the play of colors of different wavelengths that allows it to be hidden in spaces with similar shades. That is why the model now has three variations: the temperate forest (TW), the arid region (AR), and the winter / arctic region (WA).
[0018] The temperate forest pattern (CADPAT TW) has four specific colors: light green, green, brown and black and was first introduced in 1996, on the cover of a new hull placed in service of darkness. At the same time, the pattern was also introduced in a new individual camouflage net. The standard for arid CADPAT (AR) regions, used in uniforms for operations in the desert, in the vicinity of the desert and in the environmental conditions of the savannah, includes three different colors of brown, while the winter / arctic standard was introduced as a upgrade to winter monochrome whites to further improve the soldier's camouflage ability day and night, including the ability to camouflage when viewed with infrared (NIR) technology. Finally, there is the urban CADPAT standard designed for metropolitan areas.
[0019] MARPAT (Marine Pattern) is a digital design camouflage, very similar to CADPAT (Canadian Pattern). It is formed by square and rectangular blocks of brown, green and black colors, which well combined with each other, form a very effective disturbance pattern. This uniform has two official versions: forest and desert, and the process of developing the urban pattern is currently underway, although an unofficial model in gray, white and black colors is also being perfected.
[0020] The patent US6805957, which protects this pattern, establishes that the disturbing camouflage pattern system consists of a macropattern and a micropattern, the micropattern being formed by pixels with sharp edges, proportional to the size of a camouflaged object, the pixels are at least in four colors with a variety of dark and light colors, the pattern being repeated at established intervals, and within the repetition of the drawing, the lightest color is a base color that includes approximately 5% of the repetition, the following darker color is included in approximately 47% of the repetition, the following darker color is present in approximately 30% of the repetition, and the darker color which is included in approximately 18% of the repetition the micropattern pixels create the macropattern shapes, the specific combinations of the micropattern pixels that generate the macropattern shapes can be the same color or different colors, the macropattern shapes disturb the individual's shape camouflaged duo, the ratio of light to dark pixels in the micro pattern combined with the effect of the micro and macro pattern produces a disturbing camouflage for both the human eye and infrared light devices and the camouflaged individual has a luminosity value (L *) , which is comparable to the negative space that surrounds the camouflaged individual.
[0021] Based on the two developments already mentioned, many countries have adopted pixelated or “digital” designs, some very effective and others that have a closer relationship with the current fashion of pragmatic camouflage design.
[0022] Further information on camouflage is found in patent US8307748B2, Design and Method of Camouflage in Multiple Limits, whose pattern presents a matrix composed of cells (pixels) in which there is a minimum color variation between neighboring cells, which allows an object hidden from great distances. The disadvantage of this patent is that the minimum color variation method does not allow the same pattern to be adapted to different environments.
[0023] In the state of the art there is also the patent DE202009018499U1, which presents a camouflage pattern with a polygonal scheme in which the shapes that constitute the camouflage pattern are joined together evenly. Provides flexible camouflage to different objects. The disadvantage of this patent lies in the fact that it does not establish the proportion of the colors used in the shapes, nor the distance between the elements of the polygonal surface, which prevents determining the way in which the pattern can be applied to any type of material. surface.
[0024] Finally, we found the patent CA2257688C, entitled “Product and deceit method” that makes use of the “optical illusion” to generate a camouflage pattern that has three (03) completely different regions. Although there is a type of mesh within one of the regions of the camouflage pattern, this refers to technical design specifications where the mesh designates a specific color, in addition, the mesh is not superimposed over a pixelated pattern. The invention of this application provides camouflage material that deceives animals (using the infrared pattern) and not humans. The disadvantage of this patent lies in the fact that the idea of deception does not have a pixel that distributes colors in different proportions, which does not allow the pattern to be adapted to different environments. In addition, this design was made to deceive the animal eye and not the human eye.
[0025] Considering the previous information it is evident that the patterns known in the state of the art were based on the combination of colors to simulate the tonality and shapes that are found in the environment. This means that despite the advances achieved, it is necessary to reproduce the pattern in different colors and shades so that the camouflage is suitable for the terrain where it is intended to go unnoticed.
[0026] In this way, it is evident that there is a need to have a multi-terrain camouflage pattern that allows to reduce the perception of the object covered with this pattern, regardless of the place in which it is located.
[0027] The pattern of the present invention is able to potentiate the camouflage effect through the combination of two designs that combine a pattern of diagonal undulating lines, which when they are superimposed on the camouflage print, divert the attention of the observed that when faced with a multiplicity of wavelengths of light reflected on the pattern, do not perceive the object due to the optical illusion that these wavelengths generate in the brain. Description of the Figures
[0028] Figure 1. Camouflage pattern with wavy diagonal lines of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 2. Photograph of a group in military uniform made with a fabric printed with the camouflage pattern with diagonal wavy lines of the present invention (A) and a group in military uniform made with a fabric without wavy lines (B).
[0030] Figure 3. Photograph of a person wearing a uniform with a pattern of the invention, taken at a distance of 10 meters, in which it is observed that the uniform merges with the color of the background structure.
[0031] Figure 4. Photograph of a person wearing a uniform with the pattern of the present invention, taken at a distance of 150 meters in which the effect of losing the definition of the contour is shown, allowing the ability to camouflage to be improved with the environment.
[0032] Figure 5. Photograph of a person wearing a uniform with the pattern of the present invention, taken at a distance of 2 meters, showing the effect of camouflage in the jungle environment.
[0033] Figure 6. Photograph of a person wearing a uniform with the pattern of the present invention, taken at a distance of 5 meters from the person in the foreground, showing the effect of camouflage in the jungle environment.
[0034] Figure 7. Photograph of a person wearing a uniform with the pattern of the present invention, taken at a distance of 1 meter, showing the effect of camouflage in the dry forest environment.
[0035] Figure 8. Photograph of a person wearing a uniform with the pattern of the present invention, taken at a distance of 3 meters showing the effect of camouflage in the dry forest environment.
[0036] Figure 9. Photograph of a person wearing a uniform with the pattern of the present invention, taken at a distance of 3 meters, showing the effect of camouflage on flat terrains with savanna climate.
[0037] Figure 10. Photograph of a person A wearing a uniform with the pattern of the present invention and a person B wearing a uniform with a pattern different from that of the present invention, taken in daylight from a distance of 5 meters.
[0038] Figure 11. Photograph of a person A wearing a uniform with the pattern of the present invention and a person B wearing a uniform with a pattern different from that of the present invention, taken using a night vision device at a distance of 2 meters. Detailed Description
[0039] The present invention is aimed at a camouflage pattern characterized by comprising two overlapping designs, the first drawing being a camouflage print comprising between 2 to 15 colors, of different tonality or hue, in which the combination of light colors alternates and dark, and the second drawing placed on the first that comprises a series of diagonal undulating lines (2) that can be oriented in the same direction or can be in opposite directions crossing to create a mesh that forms diamonds (3) .
[0040] These wavy diagonal lines are sinusoidal lines which, when the pattern of the first drawing is cut, generates a series of small irregular sections whose frequency in nature is high, which is why the human eye perceives them as normal and ignores them, as the considers as part of the environment.
[0041] In an alternative to the invention, the camouflage print comprises between 3 and 6 colors or shades that combine to create a micropattern (4) that is repeated along the pattern of the present invention.
[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the predominant color in the pattern of the first print is the lightest color or the second lightest. The predominant preferable color is present in a proportion of 30% to 60% of the total of the pattern.
[0043] This first design comprises a pattern selected from the group consisting of pixelated camouflage, stains, fringes, brushstrokes or strips. It is preferable that the first drawing comprises a pixelated pattern, cutting the wavy lines at least once each pixel.
[0044] The second drawing that appears in diagonal wavy lines distributed along the pattern and the distances between these diagonal wavy lines can be equal throughout the pattern. In an alternative to the invention, the distance between the diagonal undulating lines can vary across the pattern, this distance being shorter in some areas of the pattern and longer in others.
[0045] It is preferable that the relationship between the distance between the wavy lines of the second drawing and the dimension of the side of the pixels that are part of the first drawing is in a proportion between 0.1 and 2. The best option being that of the drawings where this proportion is equal to 1, that is, the distance between the wavy lines is equal to the dimension on the side of the pixels.
[0046] Complementing the above, as the wavy lines of the second drawing are sinusoidal, they form ridges. It is preferable that the distances between the wave crests of the undulating lines of the second drawing are the same. However, the design in which the distance between the ridges of the wavy line varies along the pattern is also part of the present invention.
[0047] Another important aspect of the present invention is the color of the wavy lines that are part of the second pattern. The diagonal undulating lines must be the same color as one of the colors in the first drawing to reduce the contrast of the pattern in relation to the environment where it is located.
[0048] It is preferable that the lines are the same color as one of the colors in the first drawing, and even better, that the lines are of the most predominant color in the first drawing, this aiming to generate a greater reflectance of the light spectrum and create an effect of three-dimensionality in the design, since when placing the mesh design on the fragments of the same color in the first design, the lines of the mesh are lost, which makes the segments of the same color of the mesh jump out of view. This information is processed by the human brain, creating a sense of depth.
[0049] It is added to what was exposed in the previous paragraph that the wavy lines hide the edges of the shapes to which the pattern is applied, which hinders visual acuity, preventing the definition of contours and shapes and, therefore, reduces the probability that the object covered with the pattern is detected and identified, which ultimately results in an increased survival rate for military personnel from countries in conflict. EXAMPLES
[0050] In order to highlight the effects obtained as a camouflage pattern of the present invention, a series of field studies were carried out, in which a group of people were dressed in uniforms whose fabric incorporates the camouflage pattern of the present invention and a second group of people was uniformed with an outfit that did not have the overlapping mesh design.
[0051] In order to establish the perception on the level of detection and identification of the people who form the groups defined above, a group of 50 observers was subjected to the test of determining the location of the uniformed personnel in photographs and in person form to determine which uniform that allowed for greater camouflage.
[0052] Within this context, Figure 2 shows a group (A) composed of four people who wear the uniform with the pattern of the invention and a group (B) of four people who have a pixelated uniform without the wavy lines and which present a distinct pixelated pattern. 90% of the observers questioned considered that the pattern of the invention was less detectable, drew less attention and was more similar to the environment.
[0053] When submitting the group of observers to the photograph shown in Figure 3, it was found that 80% of them perceived the color of the uniform as being that of the structure next to the person using the invention pattern. As they approached, it could be established that such a statement was incorrect, as the uniform is gray and the greenish tones are the result of the reflectance of the light spectrum on the pattern claimed here.
[0054] In Figure 4 it is shown how the reflectance of the luminous effect on the surface of the aircraft is in turn reflected by the camouflage pattern causing a similarity that prevents the user of the pattern from being detected at a distance of 150 meters.
[0055] When the tests were carried out in different terrains and environments, it was found that despite the use of an unusual color in nature, such as the different shades of gray, a good camouflage was obtained, regardless of the space in which it was found. user of the uniform with the pattern being jungle (Figures 5 and 6), dry forest (Figures 7 and 8) and savanna (Figure 9), in all cases, the observers participating in the experiment expressed difficulty in detecting, but especially in identifying the person in uniform with the standard of the present invention, regardless of the terrain on which the photograph was taken or the test was performed.
[0056] When contrasting the level of camouflage between the two patterns evaluated in the daylight test, it was found that 90% of the interviewees saw the user of the pattern without lines (B) more easily than the user of the pattern of the present invention (THE).
[0057] Finally, the two groups of users were subjected to detection by means of night vision devices. In Figure 10 is shown a user of the camouflage without wavy lines (B) resting on the body of the user of the camouflage pattern of the invention (A), 95% of the observers considered that the user's body (A) was a rock on which the user (B) was supported, which was easily detectable.
[0058] In view of the results of the tests performed, it is evident that there is a reduction in the level of perception, detection and identification of the user of the pattern of the present invention. Which demonstrates the existence of an unexpected effect, since the inclusion of the diagonal lines of the second drawing that forms the camouflage pattern of the invention increases the level of camouflage of the user, regardless of the terrain and the environment in which it is found.

权利要求:
Claims (14)
[0001]
1. Camouflage pattern, characterized by the fact that it comprises two overlapping designs, the first drawing being a camouflage print comprising from 2 to 15 colors, and a second drawing placed on the first which comprises a series of diagonal undulating lines that have the same direction or that extend in opposite directions crossing each other to form a mesh, in which the first design comprises a micropattern that is repeated along the total pattern and the first design comprises a pattern selected from the group consisting of pixelated , stains, fringes, brush strokes or strips.
[0002]
2. Camouflage pattern, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first design alternates the combination of light and dark colors.
[0003]
3. Camouflage pattern, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first design is preferably a camouflage print that comprises between 3 and 6 colors.
[0004]
4. Camouflage pattern, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the predominant color in the first print is the lighter color or the second lighter color, of the 2 to 15 colors present in the first design.
[0005]
5. Camouflage pattern, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the predominant color is present in a proportion of 30% to 60% of the total color of the pattern.
[0006]
6. Camouflage pattern, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first design preferably comprises a pixelated print.
[0007]
7. Camouflage pattern, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the distance between the diagonal undulating lines can be equal or uneven throughout the pattern.
[0008]
8. Camouflage pattern, according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that the relationship between the distance of the wavy lines and the dimension of the side of the pixels that are part of the first drawing are in a proportion between 0.1 and 2.
[0009]
9. Camouflage pattern, according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that the proportion between the distance of the wavy lines and the dimension of the side of the pixels that are part of the first drawing is equal to 1, that is, the distance between the wavy lines is equal to the dimension on the side of the pixels.
[0010]
10. Camouflage pattern, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the distances between the wave crests of the undulating lines can be equal or uneven throughout the pattern.
[0011]
11. Camouflage pattern, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the pattern preferably comprises diagonal undulating lines that are in opposite directions, so that when they intersect, their intersections create a mesh in the form of lozenges.
[0012]
12. Camouflage pattern, according to claim 11, characterized by the fact that the lozenges in the mesh of the second drawing are irregular.
[0013]
13. Camouflage pattern, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the diagonal undulating lines are the same color as one of the colors in the first drawing.
[0014]
14. Camouflage pattern, according to claim13, characterized by the fact that the wavy lines are the same color as the most prevalent color in the first drawing.

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同族专利:

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法律状态:
2018-11-06| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

2019-12-10| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

2020-03-10| B08F| Application fees: application dismissed [chapter 8.6 patent gazette]|Free format text: REFERENTE A 6A ANUIDADE. |

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优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

CO13267732|2013-11-14|

COCO/2013/267732|2013-11-14|

PCT/CO2014/000005|WO2015070826A1|2013-11-14|2014-05-14|Camouflage pattern having wave-like lines|

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