巴西专利BR112016006043B1 CONTAINER WRAPPING METHOD AND APPARATUS

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专利摘要:
container wrapping method and apparatus. a method for enveloping containers is described, particularly bottles, in bundles comprising rows of adjacent containers, wherein said containers are continuously fed, according to an axis of displacement, to a enveloping station (2, 3) and rolled up. with a spiral of a plastic film that stretches defining a continuous envelope. the containers (b) are propelled to an upstream portion of the enveloping station (2, 3) by a transport unit (1) provided with at least one means for guiding and supporting said containers and with a cadence unit ( 1a), said containers (b) wrapped with said stretchable plastic film being stretched, downstream of each wrapping unit (2, 3), with the help of a drag device (t1, t2, t3), the said guide and support means comprising members (11, 12 13 ) elongated in the longitudinal direction of the displacement axis which also extend to said envelope station (2, 3).
公开号:BR112016006043B1
申请号:R112016006043-1
申请日:2014-09-18
公开日:2021-06-29
发明作者:Cattaneo Alessandro
申请人:Krones Ag；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[001] The present invention refers to a packaging apparatus, that is, a machine capable of achieving a unitary and compact enveloping (the so-called bundle) of a bottle arrangement, by means of a thin film of plastic material; in particular, the invention relates to a packaging apparatus employing stretch plastic film. FUNDAMENTALS OF THE TECHNIQUE
[002] In the field of bottle beam wrapping, the use of plastic film is well known.
[003] A traditional and well-known method provides for the use of a heat shrink plastic film. In particular, a heat shrink plastic material film is wrapped around an array of a two/three bottle set in two rows, which is then subjected to an oven to cause the film to shrink and thus form a compact bundle. and stable.
[004] The stability of this beam is a key feature, if we take into account the handling - usually irregular and careless - that it suffers during the transfer from the manufacturing site to shopping malls and from these to the buyers' homes.
[005] A well-known disadvantage of this solution is given by the fact that the cost of this type of envelope is relatively high. In fact, to obtain the desired strength and stability characteristics, a heat shrinkable plastic material with a thickness of 30 to 40 µm, a weight of 5 to 8 gr/m2, and consequently already due to being expensive, is employee; in addition, the use of a hot shrinking furnace in turn implies non-negligible installation and energy consumption costs.
[006] WO99/14122 describes a packaging machine in which, regardless of the film used, no continuous operation is obtained, but it is provided to first divide the bottles into single sets of a predetermined number of pieces, to subsequently wrap the set with film. single. EP 708 028 describes a similar solution. The number of bottles of the beam in this case is predetermined and, to be able to change it, it is necessary to replace a series of mechanical members, in particular the model that defines the position of the bottle.
[007] EP2202186 also describes a packaging machine that acts discontinuously, wrapping with plastic film the individual bottle sets, after having separated them from the mass of fed bottles.
[008] To offer an alternative solution, beam wrapping devices have already been proposed - at least on a theoretical level - which makes use of stretch plastic film. For example, Ep 197 574 describes a different solution for wrapping packaging - which can also be bottle packages - with stretch film, i.e. film that does not need to undergo heat shrinkage.
[009] This solution consists of having a sequence of bottle assemblies advance continuously, along a feed line, and having them be rolled up by a stretch film lying down as a continuous spiral, subsequently providing separation at packages from one to the other by means of a separating device.
[0010] However, in the introductory part of this patent, it is detailed that such continuous spiral winding has a disadvantage that, due to the oblique winding of the film, the members contained in each assembly - especially if they are cylindrical surface bottle - suffer a twisting effect, which tends to envelop the final package and consequently decompose the alignment between the bottles, with the effect of a possible opening of the package.
[0011] For this reason, the purpose of the invention described in EP 1 431 185 is a machine capable of sequentially executing two windings, one above the other: the former as a continuous spiral and the subsequent one - after cutting and separating the packaging - on the package rotated by 90° in relation to the others.
[0012] EP 197 574 describes another similar machine, in which the winding of the plastic film is achieved via two spools inclined in an opposite way with respect to the conveyor line.
[0013] Also WO2012/05590 describes a winding apparatus with a plastic film, where two spools of film are used. However, no specific arrangement is provided to effectively obtain a final bundle, neither in connection with the step of entering the bottles, nor in the step of removing and separating the individual bundle.
[0014] As can be clearly understood, although on a theoretical level these machines have merits over hot shrink film apparatus, on a practical level several disadvantages exist.
[0015] The main one derives from the fact that the stretching film, as known, is properly stretched before application, suffering great elongation, up to the order of 300%; from this stretch, a corresponding elastic shrinkage force derives, which is one that normally ensures the integrity of the package even in difficult transport and moving conditions. As a result, this force - which also acts immediately after the application of the first film - causes, in particular, a package that has been separated from the rest before the application of the second film to suffer a torsional force that can cause it to warp. , even with the release of the contents, that is, precisely that effect that was intended to be avoided.
[0016] On the other hand, reducing the film winding tension and the resulting stretch - to avoid the formation of excessive torsional forces - is not a viable solution, because a reduced stretch of the film could both cause undue material consumption, and a residual elongation of the material that could make beam management unpleasant for the end user, and a lack of containment forces that are, instead, necessary to hold the beam containers securely together. A notable improvement of this stretch film wrapping technique has been achieved with the process described in Italian patent application no. MI2011A001543 in the name of the same applicant. Here, it is suggested to feed the bottles to the wrapping station in a continuous and compact manner, making them progress beyond the wrapping station with a suitable guide slide, then forming a single helical wrap with stretch film, and separating the said continuous enveloping in small segments, i.e. in individual bundles, at a cutting station located downstream of the winding station.
[0017] Although the process described here has substantially and effectively solved the problem of the prior art, it has been seen that scope for further improvement exists. In particular, it has been found that, in order to manufacture a stable beam, it is important to avoid any misalignment of the bottle as long as the beam wrap has been completed. This action can hardly be performed on bottles being wrapped, as there is a risk of interference with the wrapping members of the film.
[0018] EP 1 495 973 describes a system for dragging and sorting a mass of bottles, which acts through a pair of wheels, provided with peripheral recesses with which part of the container body engages. US 5 979 147, DE 383 9498 and EP 2 415 695 describe similar apparatus, in which wheel means or bars are provided which move with engaging members for sorting and sorting the bottles along the travel path. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0019] The problem at the heart of the invention is, therefore, that of providing a packaging machine structure that overcomes the mentioned disadvantages.
[0020] In this regard, it was noted that, in order to obtain bundles of bottles with a perfectly stable envelope in time, with a desired stretch of the plastic film, it is essential that the bottles be made to progress towards the envelope section perfectly adjacent and stably aligned to each other, consequently with a thrust pressure calibrated between one and the next, without exceeding so as not to harm the bottle's integrity or cause accumulation in movement.
[0021] This objective is achieved through the characteristics mentioned in the attached main claims. The dependent claims describe preferred features of the present invention.
[0022] In particular, according to a first aspect of the invention, a process for the wrapping of containers is provided, particularly bottles, in bundles comprising rows of adjacent containers, wherein said containers are continuously fed into a wrapping station. according to a geometric axis of displacement, wherein they are wound around with a spiral of a plastic stretch film defining a continuous winding, wherein said containers are pushed along a path portion upstream of the enveloping station by a transport unit provided with at least one means for guiding and one supporting said containers and with a cadence unit, and wherein downstream of each winding unit of said wrapping station, said containers wound with said film stretching plastic are removed with the aid of a pulling device, said guide means and of support comprising elongate members in the longitudinal direction of the axis of displacement, which also extends within said envelope section.
[0023] The containers are guided by said guide and support means comprising at least external guide means, which remain at rest on the outer surfaces of the outer rows of containers, and inner guide means, which remain resting on the inner surfaces of two opposite rows of containers.
[0024] According to a further aspect, downstream of said envelope station, the arrangement of containers enveloped with said stretch film is divided into groups separated by a cutting unit that acts transversely to the geometric axis of displacement of the containers in corresponding to the position in which the transverse rows of adjacent containers have been previously moved overcoming the elastic resistance of said stretch film by means of tension.
[0025] Preferably, said wrapping station comprises two wrapping units in which respective spools of plastic stretch film are rotated in opposite directions to wind spools which rotate unlike plastic film in said rows of containers.
[0026] According to another aspect of the invention, an apparatus for enveloping containers is provided, particularly bottles, in bundles comprising rows of adjacent containers, comprising an enveloping station in which a film of stretch plastic material is continuously wound on spiral in adjacent rows of moving containers according to an axis of displacement, said film being dispensed by reels rotating around said axis of displacement, wherein upstream of said envelope station, a transport unit is provided with at least means for guiding and supporting said containers and with a cadence unit and wherein downstream of each wrapping unit of said wrapping station, a drag device is provided, tends to impart a withdrawal force to the said rows of containers wrapped with stretch plastic film, said guide and support rods comprising elongate members in the direction of said geometric axis of displacement which also extend within said envelope station.
[0027] According to a further aspect, downstream of said enveloping station, a cutting and spacing unit is provided, provided at least with an alternately movable bridge trolley according to a geometric axis of translation parallel to the direction of displacement of said containers, on which a cutting device is mounted, movable transversely to said geometric axis of translation.
[0028] Preferably, the forward movement of said bridge trolley is synchronized with the movement of said rows of containers based on a control determined by a sensor counting said containers.
[0029] Advantageously, an elongation mechanism can be additionally provided is provided with a first pair of retaining members and a second pair of retaining members mounted on said bridge trolley, upstream and downstream of said device, respectively, mutually independently movable and able to engage each row of said containers.
[0030] In the apparatus, preferably said cadence unit comprises at least one intermediate drag device acting on the outer surfaces of said rows of containers, simultaneously engaging a plurality of containers for each outer row. Said intermediate drag device consists of a pair of conveyor belts in closed annular circuit having a drag surface running in a vertical plane, arranged on two opposite sides with respect to the main horizontal conveyor belt, said conveyor belts in closed annular circuit being provided with equidistant vertical ribs for engaging between two adjacent containers of said bundles of containers.
[0031] According to another aspect, said intermediate drag device is mounted above and upstream with respect to a second lower drag device, which consists of a pair of disc-shaped plates, arranged on two opposite sides in relation to the main horizontal conveyor belt mounted in rotation on the respective vertical axes and becoming a support plane for the base of said containers, each of said plates carrying a vertical central tower, representing a means of initial adjustment and centralization of the position of said bottles.
[0032] According to another aspect of the invention, an apparatus for enveloping containers is provided, particularly bottles, in bundles comprising rows of adjacent containers, comprising an enveloping station in which a film of stretch plastic material is continuously wound on spiral in adjacent bundles of moving containers according to an axis of displacement, said film being dispensed by reels rotating around said axis of displacement, wherein downstream of said envelope station, a spacing and a unit of division is provided, provided with at least one bridge trolley, alternately movable according to a geometric axis of translation parallel to the direction of displacement of said containers, on which a cutting device is mounted, movable transversely to said geometric axis of translation and wherein in addition a stretching mechanism is provided, provided with a first pair of retaining members and a second pair of fastening members mounted on said bridge trolley, upstream and downstream, respectively, of said independent mutually movable cutting device and able to engage with a line of said containers, a in order to distance them from each other and define a transversely larger space for said cutting device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0033] Additional features and advantages of the invention are in any case more evident from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment, given purely a non-limiting example and illustrated in the attached drawings, in which: figure 1 is a side elevation view of the apparatus integer according to a preferred embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 is a perspective view of the apparatus of fig. 1; Figures 3 and 4 are enlarged views of parts of fig. two; Figure 5 is a plan view of a transport station winding unit; Figure 6A is a front elevational view corresponding to the transport station; Figure 6B is a perspective view of the intermediate drag devices according to the invention; figure 7 is a perspective view of an end part of the guide and support means according to a preferred embodiment of the invention; Figure 8 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a drag device; Figure 9 is a plan view of a transport station according to an alternative embodiment; Figure 10 is a perspective view of the station in fig. 9; figure 11 is a front elevational view similar to that of fig. 6A, however, referring to the embodiment of fig. 9; figure 12 is a detailed perspective view of the lower drag device according to the embodiment of fig. 9; Figure 13 is a perspective view of a spacing and cutting station in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention; Figure 14A is a side elevational view of the station in fig. 13 in a cutting blade travel end condition; Figure 14B is a top plan view, partially in section, of the station in fig. 14A; Figure 10 is a front elevational view of the station in fig. 14A; Figure 15A is a view similar to that of fig. 14A, in a cutting blade operating condition; Figure 15B is a top plan view, partially in section, of the station in fig. 15A; and Fig. 15C is a front elevational view of the station in fig. 15A. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED MODALITIES
[0034] A packaging apparatus consists, in a manner known per se, of a bottle feed line, a winding station and a downstream separation device.
[0035] The wrapping or wrapping station, which makes the unit in which the bottle wrapping is practically completed with the stretch film, can be of any known type, for example as described in Italian application MI2011A001543 in the name of the same applicant . Since this station does not form a specific objective of the present invention, it will not be described here in greater detail.
[0036] During the use of an enveloping apparatus of this type, it was possible to verify that the problem at the bottom of the present invention, which is, that of obtaining well-arranged bottle bundles with a perfectly stable enveloping, can be solved only through a process in which the bottles are kept aligned and compacted, from the area upstream of the winding station to the separation of the individual bundles, as constantly as possible. In other words, it was seen that it is not enough to adjust the progress of the bottle simply by acting on the speed of the feed line conveyor belts, since in this case the mutual pressure between the bottles is not located to maintain a good alignment until the formation of the individual bundles.
[0037] As a result, it is provided according to the present invention, to arrange immediately upstream of said winding/enveloping station, a calibrated transport station, comprising suitable means for control and adjustment of bottle cadence.
[0038] More precisely, with reference to Figs. 1-7, an improved transport assembly 1 for bottles B is provided, arranged between a traditional upstream conveyor belt (not shown in Fig. 1) and an enveloping unit immediately downstream.
[0039] The wrapping station, in the embodiment shown, consists of two machines 2 and 3 for winding the stretch film, arranged sequentially one after the other along the geometric axis of displacement of the bottles B; the two winding machines are arranged to continuously wind a stretch film web around the axis of displacement of the bottles B: the rotational movement of a reel of film around the geometric axis of the line of displacement, combined with the movement of progress of the bottle, causes a plurality of helical stretch film rolls to be placed around the bottles. The film rolls on the two machines move with a rotary motion in opposite directions.
[0040] Bottles B typically progress along the line of displacement in an arrangement of two parallel rows, with the bottles in the two rows mutually aligned to form specularly adjacent pairs. In other words, along the transverse direction of the rows, rows of mutually aligned bottles form (typically two, but theoretically even more).
[0041] The transfer of the bottles within the winding unit takes place in a manner known in the art, for example, via a strut-mounted slide as described in MI2011A001543.
[0042] According to the invention, improved conveyor assembly 1 (better seen in figures 2-3) consists of a conventional conveyor belt or a moving belt 10, arranged according to a horizontal plane, and a guide means and bottle holder, as well as a 1a cadence unit.
[0043] In particular, the guide and support means imply elongated members in the longitudinal direction of the geometric axis of displacement and extends into the envelope assembly 2, 3 with the function of precisely guiding the two rows of bottles and of giving support them in their condition of adjacent pairs, despite the development of torsional forces deriving from the placement of the stretch film in the shape of a spiral.
[0044] For such a purpose, the bottle guide and support means comprise at least external guide means, which lie on the external surfaces of the bottle rows, and internal guide means, which lie on the internal surfaces of the two bottle rows.
[0045] According to the preferred embodiment illustrated in figures 1 to 7, the external guide means are in the form of two pairs of lateral rods 11 and 12, which laterally compress, at two different heights, the two rows of bottle B being on the belt 10. The two pairs of lateral rods 11 and 12 are preferably adjustable in a horizontal position, so as to be able to be arranged more or less close to the geometric axis of central displacement of the transport assembly 1.
[0046] Advantageously, the first pair of lateral rods 11 is mounted at a height slightly above the rest plane of the belt 10, for example, 0.505 cm from the belt 10, consequently in proximity to the base of the bottles (figure 6A) . The second pair of side rods 12 are mounted at about half the height of the bottle, preferably above the middle height. If bottles B have a wavy shape, with a surface recess (as illustrated in Fig. 6A), the second pair of side rods is arranged in correspondence of this recess or bottle ply so as to be arranged within the theoretical profile of the wrapping packaging.
[0047] The internal guide means are, on the other hand, in the form of an upper rail 13, arranged at the height of the end neck of the bottles. In particular, the rail 13 is supported on the transport assembly 1 at a height below the bottle caps (see fig. 6A). The rail 13 acts as a transverse spacer between the corresponding pairs of bottle necks of the two rows of bottles B, so as to prevent the tops of the bottles from moving closer together under the tension applied by the stretch film of the wrap. Also, this upper rail 13 extends longitudinally in accordance with the geometric axis of displacement of the conveyor belt 10, until inside the two units 2 and 3 of the winding assembly.
[0048] Preferably, the rail 13 consists of a rod of low friction plastic material or other material coated with low friction material (eg teflon®).
[0049] In the terminal part of the transport assembly 1, just before the entrance to the winding assembly, the cadence unit 1a is provided, which acts in cooperation with the guide and support means.
[0050] The cadence unit 1a has the function of making the bottles B progress in an adjusted manner with a preconfigured spacing, cadence and compaction between one bottle and another, before said bottles reach the enveloping station.
[0051] The cadence unit 1a has at least one gripper and drag device 14, which cooperates with the underlying conveyor belt 2 to complete the synchronized displacement of the bottles. The positioning of the intermediate grab and drag device 14 is clearly visible in fig. 6A.
[0052] More precisely, this grab and drag device 14 essentially consists of a pair of conveyor belts 141 and 14'' having their drag surface in a vertical plane, which drags said bottles acting through friction and modular coupling against the lateral surface of the same.
[0053] The two belts 14' and 14'' have the same shape and a specularly symmetrical arrangement with respect to a vertical central plane; therefore, only the conveyor belt 14' is described in detail.
[0054] With reference to fig. 6B, it can be seen that the belt 14' (as well as the belt 14'') is closed with respect to the circuit around a pair of vertical axis transmission wheels 16, 17, at least one of which is motorized , being integral in rotation with a sprocket 16' which engages with the drive shaft of the Mi drive motor.
[0055] Drive wheels 16, 17 have respective support shafts mounted on compression supports 18a, 19a, in turn fitted snugly in position together with a common guide 20, so as to be able to adjust the mutual distance between the two drive wheels 16 and 17 for the purpose of a correct tensioning of the belt 14'.
[0056] Along with the outer surface of the belt 14', there are vertical ribs pinched at regular intervals 15, preferably shaped with a flat surface toothed profile. The ribs are preferably of a material of low stiffness, such as rubber, to have a good surface grip on the bottles they are to come into contact with. The mutual distance, or spacing between the ribs, determines the positioning and mutual clamping of the bottles in the way best described below.
[0057] Advantageously, according to a preferred embodiment, all the components of the two grip and drag devices 14' and 14'', together with the supports 18a and 19a, form a unit detachably mounted on the frame of the apparatus. In this way, the entire unit can be easily replaced with a similar one having a conveyor belt with a different spacing and height of the ribs 15. It is, in this way, simple to adapt the machine to different formats of bottles to be enveloped. In the input step to the upstream enveloping unit 2, the drag and cadence of the bottles B is ensured by the grip and drag device 14, with precision, due to the fact that the ribs 15 engage between one bottle and the next.
[0058] In this step, the distance between the ribs 15 determines the correct mutual positioning of the bottles, with the desired mutual clamping force, so as to form two perfectly aligned rows, which are thus compressed to the envelope area where the plastic film of stretch is enveloped. The rhythmic and regular dragging action of the drag and claw device 14, in the vicinity of the wrapping station, is also aided and balanced by the conveyor belt 2 which, pushing the bottles by friction from below, contributes to the balance of the forces that ensure an alignment of the two rows and the correct attitude of the bottles.
[0059] In other words, the bottles thus move in a compact mode, that is, mutually adhering in two adjacent rows, with a pre-configured clamping force, and that until complete wrapping with the plastic stretch material net and even separating the arrangement of bottles into sets - for example, each of the six bottles - to form so-called "bundles" ready for transport for distribution.
[0060] Fig. 10 shows the terminal part of a supply line for bottles according to another embodiment of the invention.
[0061] The means of transport and cadence adjustment in this case consist of a pair of properly adjusted trailing devices that adjust in a perfectly calibrated way the mutual positioning of the bottles and the mutual compaction pressure of the same.
[0062] More precisely, with reference to Figs. 10 to 12, in this case the compaction means essentially consists of two distinct gripping and dragging devices, an intermediate 14 and a lower one 105, best described with reference to drawings 4 and 5, respectively, which cooperate with the underlying conveyor belt 10 as a complement to the displacement of the bottle.
[0063] More precisely, the intermediate device 14 is identical to that described further above.
[0064] The grab and drag device 105 essentially consists of a pair of turntables 116, 117 mounted on the same frame and arranged on two opposite sides of the bottle displacement line.
[0065] The upper surface of plates 116 and 117 is arranged flush with the plane of the conveyor belt 10, and have mutually parallel vertical geometric axes, X-X and X1-X1, respectively.
[0066] These rotating plates 116 and 117 represent a rest plane for the base of the bottles B, to guide them in a controlled path, as detailed here below.
[0067] The two plates 116 and 117 have identical structure, therefore, only one of the two will be described below, it being understood that the other has the same composition and configuration.
[0068] The plate 116 is integral in rotation with a motorized central axis 116a and centrally carries an upwardly projecting turret 118, making a means of centered and rhythmic dragging of the bottles.
[0069] The tower 118 consists of a plurality of pins or columns 119, arranged vertically between the surface of the respective support plate 116 and the opposite surface of a counterplate 120, integral in rotation with the motorized central axis. Said columns 119 are distributed on a circumference centered on the geometric axis of rotation X-X of plate 116 and are mutually equidistant from each other. Depending on the size (substantially the diameter) of the bottles, the dimension of the placing circumference of the columns 119 is determined: in the illustrated example, eight equidistant columns 119 on a placing circumference with a diameter of 140 mm are provided.
[0070] Backplate 120, as shown, has a perimeter inscribed on a circumference of a diameter slightly greater than the placing circumference of the columns 119. In particular, the backplate 120 has a corrugated circumferential profile, provided with a plurality of type recesses saddle 120a between pairs of adjacent columns 119. The saddle-like recesses 120a are intended to accommodate a side portion of the bottles, in particular the underside of the bottles, as further described below.
[0071] As can be clearly seen in Figure 12, the lower drag device 105, and consequently the tower 118, is located with respect to the bottles B progressing on the belt 10 in correspondence with the bottom of the bottles, with the level plate 116 up with conveyor belt 10; vice versa, the intermediate drag device 14, and consequently the drag straps 14' and 14'', are immediately above, so as to grip a substantially central area of the bottles. It can be seen that instead the drag device 105 is located in the direction of progress of the bottles, immediately upstream of the intermediate device 14. In particular, the bottles are initially engaged by the lower device 105 which - with a rigid rotation - carries them and arranges them at the correct cadence of progress, determined by the rotational speed of the turret 118, to then release them to the upper drag device 14 for subsequent smooth and aligned progress towards the enveloping station.
[0072] In fact, the progress of the bottles B in the direction indicated by the arrow F, are first startled at the base, since they engage in sequence with the recess 120a between the two columns 119 of the tower 118. The progress of the bottles in the station of compaction is therefore ensured at an early stage by the dragging carried out by the lower device 105. Through a rigid rotation, the lower dragging device 105 is able to discharge any thrust pressure by which the bottles arrive along the line of food. The diverging portion D of the lateral containment guides can also contribute to this function, which portion is arranged immediately upstream of the towers 118 and which defines a guide so that the bottles arrive in an ideal position in the recesses 120a.
[0073] Downstream of the calibrated transport station 1, the two units 2, 3 for the winding of the plastic film are provided in sequence. At the entrance of such units 2, 3, the bottles rest on a propped sliding shelf, around which the plastic film rolls for the wrapping of the bottles are necessarily placed as clearly illustrated in the above mentioned Italian application.
[0074] Therefore, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it has been found that it is important, to assist the regular flow of the double row of bottles to the cutting and beam release station, to provide a drag unit immediately downstream of each of the two envelope units 2 and 3.
[0075] As schematically visible in the drawings, the drag unit consists of at least one top take-off belt T1, T2 and T3, arranged immediately downstream of the wrapping units 2 and 3, at the top: top take-off belt T1, T2 and T2 consequently rest on the upper surface of the double row of bottles, now wrapped with plastic film, transmitting by friction a certain traction in the direction of progress of the bottles: the regular dragging action, aligned with the geometric axis of progress of the line transport, provides an aid for extracting the wrapping material from the sliding shelf provided in the wrapping unit, thus helping to maintain a balance of forces transmitted in the bundle which consequently tends not to disassemble.
[0076] As visible in fig. 1, the two wrapping units are mutually spaced apart precisely by the amount necessary to install between them a take-up belt T1 and an underlying portion of the conveyor belt.
[0077] Although a withdrawal strap can also be arranged differently, positioning it on the tops of bottles entails significant advantages. First, being on the geometric axis of displacement, it can be individual without creating imbalances in the traction forces. Furthermore, acting on the top of the bottles, where the neck and cap are provided, means that no performance of bottles B exists, because of the forces acting on the geometric longitudinal axis where the bottle rigidity is greater.
[0078] Downstream of the last drag unit T2, the continuous train of bottles B winds with a double spiral of stretch film, making a well-consolidated single body.
[0079] At this location, a cutting and spacing unit 4 is provided which also separates the individual bundles, clearly described below with reference to figures 13-15.
[0080] The cutting and spacing unit 4 also consists of a frame 200 that supports a conveyor belt 201 able to support and carry the enveloped bottles leaving the downstream envelope unit 3.
[0081] The conveyor belt 201 is closed with respect to the circuit around two end cylinders (not visible in the drawings) and around a triple of intermediate cylinders (also not visible) mounted on a carriage 202 modifiable in a longitudinal direction, forming a typical short interruption 202' in the continuity of the upper surface of the conveyor belt.
[0082] The modifiable trolley 202 is controlled according to an alternating movement, back and forth: in its progress movement (i.e., in the direction of progress of the bottle) it is synchronized with the conveyor belt 201, so that the two speeds of progress are substantially identical; in the backward movement of the cart 202, the speed is determined to reduce idle times and to keep the work area limited, compatibly with the accelerations the cart can withstand.
[0083] On the trolley 202, a bridge frame 203 is mounted in integral motion, which is arranged transversely to the line of displacement defined by the conveyor belt 201. On the bridge 203, a hot blade device 204, able to transfer transversely to, is installed. the conveyor belt, from one part to another (see comparison of figures 14B and 15B), a thin hot blade (of the type commonly known per se) arranged with a vertical attitude. Preferably, the hot blade device has two hot blades, arranged on opposite edges of a vertical bar: in this way, the device can be effective - for hot cutting the plastic film - in both operating directions, i.e. proceeding from the left to right of the conveyor belt, but also in the opposite direction. In bridge 203, a bottle counting sensor (optical sensor, mechanical encoder, or other) is additionally provided, which is capable of detecting the passage of specific bottle parts (typically the top cap), determining the number of bottles that have passed. , to then control the movement of the carriage 202 accordingly. A control unit 202 additionally provides control of the back and forth movement of the trolley, as well as the transverse movement of the hot blade device 204, so as to properly separate the sets of bottles (so-called bundles) from the single body of bottles. envelopes coming out of envelope units 2 and 3.
[0084] The separation of the bottle groups occurs through the action of the hot blade device 204 that cuts the plastic film, inserting it transversely between the two adjacent bottle lines, that is, between a pair of bottles and the preceding pair ( or the following). For this purpose, the trolley 202 - once the count sensor has detected the passage of the desired number of bottles - is activated for movement synchronized with the conveyor belt 201, so that the hot blade can act on the wrapping material at a zero relative displacement speed with respect to the bottles.
[0085] Since the bottles are pressed against each other by the elastic action of the stretch film, to favor the action of the hot blade (preventing the heat of the blade from interfering with the plastic material of the bottles), according to a modality preferred embodiment of the invention, an elongation mechanism is additionally provided.
[0086] The stretching mechanism comprises at least a first pair of retainer plates 205a, 205b and a second pair of retainer plates 206a, 206b, upstream and downstream, respectively, of the hot blade device 204. These pairs of retainer plates are mounted on the same carriage 202 on which the hot blade also modifies; however, at least one of the pair of retaining plates is longitudinally movable with respect to the other: the opportunity exists, in substance, to move the two apart by a small distance (in the order of 0.5 to 2 cm) pairs of retaining plates.
[0087] The retaining plates are configured to engage with each other a pair of adjacent bottles and, consequently, the pairs of bottles belonging to those in the adjacent rows. Engagement can be achieved simply by pressure (i.e. the two opposing plates 205a and 205b or 206a and 206b move closer together holding the bottles in the middle with a certain pressure) or with suitable mechanical protrusions (for example , folded parts of the plate metal sheet, or transversely projection flaps, or others) or again by other systems. The first pair of retaining plates consequently retains a pair of side-by-side bottles, while the second pair of retaining plates retains the immediately adjacent pair of side-by-side bottles (i.e., the bottles in the adjacent row): thereby doing as they separate from the pairs of plates, a slight spacing of the two pairs of adjacent bottles is also determined - temporarily overcoming the elastic resistance of the film wrapping - allowing very easy introduction of the hot blade (which vertically goes transversely to the row of bottles and cut the wrapping film). Said hot blade goes to the area between the two pairs of bottles kept spaced apart by the pairs of separate retaining plates, so as to find enough space not to interfere with the surface of the bottles.
[0088] The operation of the cutting and spacing unit 4 takes place in this way.
[0089] Bridge 203 is initially still in a backward (start) position. Through the counting sensor, the passage of the desired number of bottles is detected (for example, three bottles for standard bundles) and consequently the movement of the trolley 202 is controlled, so that the bridge 203 perfectly follows the movement of the conveyor belt 201, canceling the relative speed. When the speed of the bridge 203 is synchronized with the speed of progress of the bottle arrangement, the stretching mechanism is controlled to temporarily space the two pairs of adjacent bottles and introduce the hot blade between them through the transverse movement of the cutting device. 204. At its intersection, from the right to the left side or vice versa, the hot blade cuts over the plastic film wrapped in the bottles, separating a bundle, with the desired number of bottles (downstream of the hot blade), from the continuous body remainder of enveloped bottles (upstream of the hot blade).
[0090] Once the cut is completed, the carriage 202 with the relative bridge 203, the cutting device 204 and the retaining plates 205206b - which in the meantime have progressed upwards to a forward end-of-stroke position - quickly returns back to the starting (start) position with an inactive path. The hot blade device 204, if shaped as a preferred embodiment illustrated above, remains on the side on which it completed the cut - so as not to delay carriage return times - and will not move in the opposite direction in the subsequent cutting cycle .
[0091] As can be understood from the above, the device according to the invention perfectly achieves the objectives set out in the initial considerations.
[0092] In particular, through a configuration that simultaneously has a conveyor belt cooperating with an improved guide set, it ensures a perfect alignment of the two rows of bottles, in all processing steps up to cutting and beam separation, also unloading any overpressures coming from the supply line. The presence of a downstream drag device further enhances the advantageous effect of balancing the driving forces on the bottles up to the plastic film cutting station and the relative separation of the bundle.
[0093] The cutting unit is extremely efficient and allows to produce beams of any size - properly programming the action of the hot blade in the detection of the count sensor - without any risk to the integrity of the bottle.
[0094] However, it is understood that the invention should not be considered as limiting the special arrangement illustrated above, which represents only an exemplary modality thereof, but that a number of variations are possible, all within the scope of the person versed in the field, without departing from the scope of the invention, as defined by the following claims.
[0095] For example, the movement of the towers 18, the conveyor belt 2 and the side belts 10, 11 can be synchronized either simply by mounting with suitable electrical geometric axes of the respective drive motors, or by providing mechanical devices for mutual coupling.
[0096] Furthermore, although not specifically described, the height and lateral position of the intermediate trailing device 14, such as that of the guide rods and the upper rail, can be adjusted as desired, by systems known per se. Adjusting the height and lateral position of these elements always allows to arrange the pushing action of the bottles as close as possible to their center of gravity, adapting the device to the shapes of the bottles to be wrapped.
[0097] Finally, it should be considered that the device of the invention can be used for the enveloping also of other objects (for example, other types of containers, such as glass bottles, cans, boxes, ...) that are presented in parallel arrays (up to more than two rows) and must be enveloped in groups.

权利要求:
Claims (18)
[0001]
1. Method of enveloping containers, particularly bottles, in bundles comprising rows of adjacent containers, wherein said containers are continuously fed, according to a geometric axis of displacement, to an enveloping station (2, 3) and wound with a spiral of a plastic stretching film defining a continuous wrap, characterized in that said containers (B) are driven in an upstream portion of the wrapping station (2, 3) by a transport unit (1) provided with at least means for guiding and supporting said containers and with a cadence unit (1a) wherein downstream of each winding unit (2, 3) of said envelope station, said containers (B) are enveloped with said film stretching plastic are removed by means of a pulling device (T1, T2, T3), and wherein said guide and support means comprising members (11, 12, 13) alon in the longitudinal direction of the geometric axis of displacement which also extends into the said enveloping station (2, 3).
[0002]
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said containers (B) are guided by said guide and support means comprising at least external guide means (11, 12), which remain at rest on the outer surfaces of the outer rows of containers, and inner guide means (13), which rest on the inner surfaces of two opposite rows of containers.
[0003]
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that downstream of said envelope station (2, 3), the arrangement of containers enveloped with said stretch film is divided into groups separated by a unit of section acting transversely to the geometric axis of displacement of the containers in correspondence with the position in which the transverse lines of adjacent containers have been previously spaced, overcoming the elastic resistance of said stretching film by means of stretching (205a-206b).
[0004]
4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said wrapping station comprises two winding units (2, 3) in which respective plastic stretch film spools are forced to rotate in opposite directions , for winding spools that rotate unlike plastic film on said rows of containers.
[0005]
5. Apparatus for enveloping containers, particularly bottles, in bundles comprising rows of adjacent containers, comprising an enveloping station (2, 3) in which a film of stretch plastic material is continuously spirally wound onto adjacent rows of moving containers according to a geometric axis of displacement, said film being dispensed by rotating spools around said geometric axis of displacement, characterized in that upstream of said envelope station (2, 3), a transport unit is provided (1), provided with at least means for guiding and supporting said containers and with a cadence unit (1a) in which, downstream of each winding unit (2, 3) of said envelope station, a drag device (T1, T2, T3) is provided, able to provide a withdrawal force for the said rows of containers wrapped with the plastic stretch film. o, wherein said guide and support means comprise members (11, 12, 13) elongated in the direction of said geometric axis of displacement, which also extends in said enveloping station (2, 3).
[0006]
6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that said guide and support means comprise at least external guide means (11, 12), which remain at rest on the external surfaces of the outer rows of containers, and means guide rails (13), which rest on the inner surfaces of two opposite rows of containers.
[0007]
7. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that downstream of said enveloping station (2, 3), a cutting and separating unit (4) is provided, provided with at least one bridge trolley (202, 203), moving alternately according to a geometric axis of translation parallel to the direction of displacement of said containers, on which a cutting device (104) is mounted, movable transversely to said geometric axis of translation.
[0008]
8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that a progress movement of said bridge trolley (202, 203) is synchronized with the movement of said rows of containers based on a control determined by a counter sensor of said containers.
[0009]
9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that an elongation mechanism is further provided with a first pair of retaining members (205a, 205b) and a second pair of retaining members (206a , 206b) mounted on said bridge trolley (202, 203), upstream and downstream of said device (204), respectively, mutually independently movable and able to engage each line of said containers.
[0010]
10. Apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that said cadence unit (1a) comprises at least one intermediate drag device (14) which acts on the external surfaces of said rows of containers, simultaneously engaging a plurality of containers for each outer row.
[0011]
11. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that said intermediate drag device (14) consists of a pair of conveyor belts in closed circuit (14', 14'') having a drag surface running on a vertical plane, arranged on two opposite sides with respect to the main horizontal conveyor belt (10), said closed loop conveyor belts (14', 14") being provided with equidistant vertical ribs (15) for engaging between two adjacent containers of said bundles of containers (B).
[0012]
12. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that said vertical ribs (15) have a cross-tooth-shaped section with flat surfaces.
[0013]
13. Apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that said intermediate drag device (14) is mounted above and in front of a second lower drag device (105), consisting of a pair of disc-shaped plates (116,117), arranged on two opposite sides in relation to the main horizontal conveyor belt (10) mounted in rotation on the respective vertical axes (XX and X'-X') and becoming one element from resting to the base of said containers, each of said plates (116, 117) carrying a central vertical tower (118), becoming a means of initial adjustment and centralization of the position of said bottles.
[0014]
14. Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that each of said towers (118) consists of a plurality of vertical columns (119) fixed between said respective support plate (116, 117) and a backplate ( 120) and equidistantly distributed according to an extended circumference centered on the geometric axis of rotation (XX and X'-X') of each plate.
[0015]
15. Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that each of said backplates (120) has an undulating circumferential profile, forming a plurality of recesses (120a) for housing the base of the bottle between each pair of adjacent columns (119).
[0016]
16. Apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that said first intermediate drag device (14) is mounted at a height as close as possible to the center of gravity of said containers, while said second lower drag device (105) is mounted at a height corresponding to the base of said containers.
[0017]
17. Apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 16, characterized in that said winding units (2, 3) are two, provided with plastic stretch film spools driven in rotation in opposite directions around the axis displacement of said containers.
[0018]
18. Apparatus for enveloping containers, particularly bottles, in bundles comprising rows of adjacent containers, comprising an enveloping station (2, 3) in which a film of stretch plastic material is continuously spirally wound onto adjacent rows of moving containers according to a geometric axis of displacement, said film being dispensed by rotating spools around said geometric axis of displacement, characterized in that: downstream of said envelope station (2, 3), a cutting unit and separation is provided, provided with at least one bridge trolley (202, 203), alternately movable according to a geometric axis of translation parallel to the direction of displacement of said containers, on which a cutting device (104) is mounted, movable transversely to said geometric axis of translation and wherein in addition a stretching mechanism is provided, provided with a prime A second pair of retaining members (205a, 205b) and a second pair of retaining members (206a, 206b) mounted on said bridge carriage (202, 203), upstream and downstream, respectively, of said cutting device ( 204), mutually independent mobile and able to engage with a line of said containers, so as to move them apart from each other and define a larger crossing interstice for said cutting device (104).

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同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

WO2015040565A2|2015-03-26|

EP3046840A2|2016-07-27|

US10597181B2|2020-03-24|

US20160207651A1|2016-07-21|

EP3330192B1|2019-10-23|

ES2657043T3|2018-03-01|

EP3046840B1|2017-12-20|

EP3330192A1|2018-06-06|

CA2924746A1|2015-03-26|

WO2015040565A3|2015-08-13|

ITMI20131550A1|2015-03-21|

BR112016006043A2|2017-08-01|

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法律状态:
2018-11-27| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: KRONES AG (DE) |

2020-02-18| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

2021-03-23| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|

2021-06-01| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

2021-06-29| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 18/09/2014, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

ITMI2013A001550|2013-09-20|

PCT/IB2014/064630|WO2015040565A2|2013-09-20|2014-09-18|Bottle wrapping apparatus employing thin film of stretching plastic material|

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