巴西专利BR112015031723B1 machine and packing method

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专利摘要:
MACHINE AND PACKING METHOD. Packaging machine and method for filling with products subject to the formation of dust, such as bulk materials, in bags with an open mouth by means of a filling process. The filling process is controlled by weight using a control device and a weighing device. A dosing element transports the product out of the product supply and introduces it through a filling nozzle in an open-mouth bag attached for the filling process. The filling nozzle is connected to a collecting container by means of a flow connection, such that a pressure surge, which occurs in the filling process, is used to transfer the displaced air contained in the bag to the collection container. open mouth, which has the product subject to dust formation. The collecting container is used to contain and calm the displaced air and deposit at least the dust content of the displaced air in the collecting container as a deposited product.
公开号:BR112015031723B1
申请号:R112015031723-5
申请日:2014-06-17
公开日:2021-01-12
发明作者:Uwe Breulmann
申请人:Haver & Boecker Ohg；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Field of the Invention
[001] The present invention relates to a packaging machine and a method for filling products subject to the formation of dust, such as bulk materials in open-mouth bags. Pre-fabricated open bags are packed to said packaging machines, or open-mouth bags are manufactured with or without continuity in the packaging machine itself or in an equipment placed above it. Packaging machine in which open mouth bags are formed from tubular sheets also called forming-filling-sealing machines (FES machines). Description of the state of the art
[002] Generally, packaging machines for filling bulk materials into open-mouth bags take the bulk materials to be packed by a product supply and pass through the fill nozzle into the attached open-mouth bag for filling. During the filling process, the air moves from the open mouth bag filling where the product subject to dust formation is also entrained. In order to avoid contamination of the environment, a vacuum cleaner is provided to transmit the aspirated air to a dust collecting filter. These dust-collecting filters tend to consist of deep-based filters where multiple prefabricated layers are arranged on top of each other. When the packaged bulk materials are exchanged on these packaging machines, then different materials collected in the deep-base filter so that the cleaning cloth of the dust collector filter does not provide the recovery of homogeneous material, but in a mixed product that must be discarded.
[003] To allow the recovery of at least part of the bulk materials aspirated in the packaging machine, EP 1 368 231 B1 has a bagging deposit for filling bulk powder materials in bags formed by tubular sheets where the the air sucked in from around the feed hopper is first transported through a suction line and delivered to a separator. The separator consists of a cyclone. The product that was separated through the separator is returned to the product tank. The aspirated air is delivered to the dust collector filter. Accumulation in the dust collection filter is reduced and material consumption is reduced.
[004] The drawback of this device is that large volumes of ambient air need to be constantly sucked from the feed hopper environment. This demands a lot of energy consumption. In addition, the device is highly complex since large volumes of exhaust air have to be processed. Brief description of the present invention
[005] Therefore, it is the object of the present invention to provide an efficient packaging machine and an efficient method for filling bulk product in open-mouth bags that provide process savings.
[006] This objective is achieved by an apparatus having the characteristics of claim 1 and by a method having the characteristics of claim 18. The preferred specific embodiments of the invention are the purpose of the dependent claims. Other advantages and features of the present invention can be made from the general description and the description of the embodiments in the examples.
[007] The packaging machine according to the invention serves to fill with dust-releasing products, such as bulk material, in open-mouth bags by means of at least one filling process. The packaging machine comprises a control device and a weighing device for the weight-dependent control of the filling process. A product supply and at least one dosing element is provided, for example, a product transport. The product is transported through a filling nozzle inside the open-mouth bag attached to the filling process. The filling nozzle is connected with a collection vessel by means of at least one drain connection, which causes a pressure surge that occurs during a filling process to be used for transferring to the collection vessel at least part of the displacing air that has entered the open mouth bag and that has a product susceptible to release fine particles, to receive in the air collecting container displacing forced out of the open mouth bag in a filling process and containing the bulk product , to liquidate and deposit at least part of the dust portion of the air moving in the collection tank of the deposited product. The packaging machine according to the invention has many advantages. A considerable advantage of the packaging machine according to the present invention is that the complexity of the apparatus can be reduced. Optionally, dust cleaning is not even necessary, as the air forced out of the open-mouth bag during the filling process flows into a collecting container, where the displacing air can settle so that the dust content or the dusty entrained product can be deposited in the collecting container. This provides simple ways and means of recovering the entrained product, cleaning the dust, without any special devices and equipment. The collection container can be emptied as needed to allow product recovery.
[008] The displacing air is transported, in particular and preferably substantially passively, preferably without any energy consumption and particularly to the collecting container, where a considerable portion of the dust content in the liquid displacing air is deposited. The displaced air is transported by increasing the pressure generated in the filling process. Due to the bulk material or the product that enters the open mouth bag at high speed, the excess pressure builds up in the form of a pressure wave that moves quickly, like “flash”, any air that may already be present in the open mouth bag, along with air and a certain amount of dust that enters during filling. Due to the excess of topical pressure, the air escapes, passively displacing and transported into the collecting container, where the dust content can settle.
[009] Preferably, the collecting container has a flow opening or a channel leading to the surroundings. This allows air to travel by entering the collector container of the open-mouthed bag to then move any air present in it to the outside. To trap dust particles from the flow opening towards the surroundings, they can be supplied with a dust collection filter or the like.
[010] In a simple configuration, the collection container can be at least one tube that extends upwards. The tube can be provided with a controllable plug that, in the case of reduced machine power, provides the product deposited selectively, either, for example, immediately to the open-mouthed bag to be filled, or to the next open-mouthed bag for to be filled. It is also possible for the collecting container to install in a ring totally or partially around the upper portion of the filling nozzle.
[011] Particularly and preferably, the collecting container is connected to a downstream product carrier to transport out the product deposited in the collecting container via the downstream product carrier. The collecting container is, in particular, connected with the downstream product conveyor by means of at least one line. Preferably, the collecting container is disposed between the filling nozzle and a product carrier.
[012] In specific and preferred embodiments, an intermediate container is provided. Preferably the dosing element conveys the product from the product supply to the intermediate container. The intermediate container is preferably equipped with a controllable closure unit. A filling spout is preferably arranged downstream of the intermediate container.
[013] The opening of the closing unit, in particular, allows controlled passage of the product received in the intermediate container to the filling nozzle.
[014] At least one product carrier is preferably provided intermittently to remove part of the deposited product from the collection container and, in particular, to return to the intermediate container. The product conveyor can be operated intermittently. It is also possible to operate the product carrier only selectively or as needed. Periodic operation of the product carrier is preferred. For example, the product conveyor can be operated after each filling process or after every two, three, or four filling processes or after another number of filling processes to return to the intermediate container or, for example, to the supply the product accumulated in the collection tank in the same period. It is also possible to predict irregular intervals between the operation of the product conveyor. It is also possible to operate the product conveyor continuously or indexed during filling.
[015] The product carrier is, in particular, equipped to deliver the product that has been deposited in the collection tank to the intermediate container.
[016] In specific and preferred embodiments, the product carrier and / or the collecting container is / are equipped with at least one sensor that captures the measurement of the quantity of product deposited. This sensor can be of any desired type. For example, it is possible to equip the collection vessel with a separate weight sensor or level sensor, which emits at least one signal if the deposited product reaches or exceeds a predetermined quantity. Or it is possible to use the weighing device to determine a measure of the amount of product deposited. This is possible, for example, if the weighing device includes a weight in the collecting container so that after completing the process of filling a new tare weight, it is determined which allows to draw conclusions about the deposited quantity. The product carrier is preferably connected with the intermediate container to deliver the product deposited in the intermediate container.
[017] The collection tank can, in particular, be immediately connected with the filling nozzle so that the flow connection is, in large part or totally, formed by a passage opening between the filling nozzle and the collection tank. In any case, the passage opening is preferably sized large enough for the wave or pressure surge generated in the filling process to pass through a sufficient amount of displaced air.
[018] The flow connection may comprise or substantially consist of a flow conduit. A flow duct preferably has a release ratio, and in particular a maximum release, the diameter of the flow duct for a flow duct length greater than 01:20. This ratio is, in particular, greater than 1:10, and preferably greater than 1: 5. A release diameter of a flow duct that comprises multiple partial ducts is understood and has the meaning of an equivalent diameter, in terms of flow dynamics. The equivalent diameter, in terms of flow dynamics, is calculated from the total sum of all the partial channels, not only from the diameter of a partial conduit.
[019] A flow connection formed by a flow duct has a ratio of a free cross section of the flow duct to a free cross section of the fill nozzle in particular greater than 1: 8 and preferably greater than 1: 6 and particularly preferably greater than 1: 4. A free cross section of a flow duct that comprises multiple partial ducts, is understood as an equivalent cross section, in terms of flow dynamics. An equivalent cross section, in terms of flow dynamics, is made upwards or calculated from the total sum of all partial channels, not only from the cross section of a partial conduit.
[020] The collection vessel comprises a sedimentation volume. The ratio of a volume of an open mouth bag to be filled with the sedimentation volume is, in particular, less than 20: 1 and preferably less than 10: 1 and especially preferable less than 5: 1. The size of the sedimentation volume of the collection vessel can be predicted to be variable.
[021] All configurations are preferably equipped with a dedusting device. The dedusting device is preferably designed for dedusting the region around the filling nozzle for dedusting ambient air outside the open mouth bag hanging outside the filling nozzle. This makes it possible to aspirate the poured powder in order to observe the necessary or desired environmental loads. The filling nozzle is, for example, preferably configured in a telescopic way that leaks can occur at the joints. In any case, the dedusting device can be configured considerably weaker than predicted in the prior art since the volume of air to be dedusted is much less because the peak pressure can be absorbed in the collecting container. The invention makes it possible to reduce the purging power of the dedusting device, without decreasing cleaning, in particular, in the middle, a quarter, or even to an eighth or less.
[022] In specific preferred embodiments, the filling nozzle has a central product feed and at least, in particular, a side air outlet. This configuration allows simple ways and means to use the filling nozzle, both for product supply and for the escape of contained air. The filling nozzle is connected, on the one hand, with the product intended for delivery, and, on the other, with the collecting container.
[023] Particularly preferred specific embodiments of the invention provide the collecting container to be connected with the environment through at least one pipe device or a displacement tank. The tube device that is in particular configured as a tube or hose extends vertically. The tube can be placed in the vertical position or it can be adjusted to be tilted in relation to the vertical. The tube can be linear although it can have curves and / or folds. The tube contains a displacement volume. The displacement volume is, in particular, at least a tenth and, in particular, at least a quarter of the volume of the collecting container, being a basic rule: the bigger the better. It is possible for the tube to exhibit a displacement volume that substantially corresponds to the size of an open-mouthed bag to be filled. The tube is closed from the environment by means of a suitable plug, including, in particular, a filter and preferably a simple filter. This filter also prevents foreign bodies, dust or other materials in the vicinity from entering the collection tank. This filter can also be supplied as a wire mesh or wire mesh or the like.
[024] A tube that extends vertically from the collecting container offers the advantage of providing a displacement volume. Any air with dust that enters the collection container during the filling process forces out the air present in the displacement volume in the tube that extends vertically. This air, however, does not contain any dusty product or, at least, practically no dusty product so that the environment remains largely clean. Any residual dust content is trapped in the indicated filter. In the time interval between two processes of filling the dusty air present in the tube that is projected in the vertical position and in the collecting container it can settle so that the content of contained powder is put down. The vertical orientation of the tube causes the powder content to fall downwards and / or to slide down on the tube. Resistance to flow through the filter can be reduced by actively letting out the air to prevent pressure build-up and air flowing through the filling system.
[025] In all configurations, it is preferable that the control unit is, in particular, defined and configured to control the dosing element depending on the signals from the weighing device. Depending on the configuration, it is possible to control the filling process by the gross weighing method or the liquid weighing method. Both options allow you to control the dosing element, first in time cycles or volumetrically, to later switch to weight control, for example, in the low speed flow.
[026] The weighing device is preferably configured to weigh a filling system. The filling system comprises at least one filling nozzle so that a joined bag is also weighed to control the filling process by the raw method. This configuration offers considerable advantages since the filling product of the open mouth bag is weighed directly, in order to allow for precise weight control. It is possible for the filling system to also comprise the collecting container so that the collecting container is also weighed. In this configuration, the first filling process causes the powder-loaded product, which is also weighed, to settle in the collecting container during the filling process and after finishing the filling process. Then, a new tare can be determined and used for the second filling process so that the weight accuracy can be considerably improved from the second filling process. In the first filling process, an empirical value can be used for corrections of the filling volume.
[027] In preferred configurations of the collection tank, it is received decoupled from the filling nozzle. For example, a flexible tube or the like can be provided between the collecting container and the filling nozzle which causes the weight of the collecting container to dissociate from the filling nozzle. Or a telescopic connection is possible when the two telescopic parts are received inside each other, guiding the air flow. In this configuration, the precise weight is obtained in each filling process by the crude method. Any air displaced from the open mouth bag and containing the product will not compromise the weight since the product content in the collection tank is obtained separately without being weighed.
[028] In specific preferred embodiments, the control device is installed and configured to control the dosing element in one cycle of time or by volume control. This makes it possible to collect, in the intermediate container, a considerable part of the product intended to be bagged in a filling process. Opening a controlled closure unit in the intermediate container allows the contents of the intermediate container to be emptied through the filling nozzle. While the sealing device is closed, the product can be transported to the intermediate container, for example, even before adding a new open-mouthed bag, in order to speed up the entire filling process. For example, 80% or 90% of the total weight can be collected in the intermediate container so that, after opening the controlled closing unit, only a low speed flow has to be guided into the open mouth bag.
[029] It is not necessary to know the exact weight of the product already filled in the intermediate container since estimates can be made on the empirical values of the density.
[030] In all configurations, it is possible and preferable to have the intermediate container permanently connected with the product supply. The intermediate container is preferably only configured to receive a portion of the quantity to be bagged during a filling process. The product supply can, for example, be only 80%, 90% or 50% of the volume that a completely filled open mouth bag occupies. The intermediate container, in particular, is not part of the weighing system or the filling system.
[031] It is still possible and preferably the weighing device to be configured to weigh the intermediate container in particular to control the liquid filling method. In this configuration, the weighing system or the filling system can consist of virtually only the intermediate container. This configuration provides, first, the transport of the entire quantity of product that is destined for bagging in the intermediate container. Subsequently, after opening the controlled closing unit, the contents of the intermediate container are emptied through the filling nozzle into the attached open mouth bag.
[032] This configuration provides for the transport of all of the deposited product or part of the deposited product from the collecting container to the intermediate container, after the filling process is finished. The weighing device records this quantity so that an exact quantity will be weighed again in the subsequent weighing process. The weighing process using the liquid method can also take into account the quantity of product established in the intermediate container. In a first filling process, empirical values can be used and additional filling processes can use the previous weight value or an average value.
[033] In all configurations, it is preferable to provide at least one blowing device to inflate the open-mouthed bag when the filling process begins. Although a blowing device first takes the air into the open-mouthed bag, the one that must be taken out later. This method offers considerable advantages, since, for example, wrinkles on the bag wall can be avoided. Wrinkles do not allow the bag to fully unfold if the material of the bag is light, so the open-mouth bag is filled with less product than planned, with the risk of the bag bursting or otherwise not accommodating all the desired quantity of product. Inflating the open-mouthed bag before starting the filling process helps to avoid these problems.
[034] In all configurations, it is preferred that the filling spout is telescopic so that it can be brought to a filling position and extended to a retracted discharge position. A telescopic filling nozzle allows, for example, to retract the filling nozzle to discharge the full open mouth bag, so that no air with dust escapes when the full bag is discharged. On the other hand, the filling spout can be extended to add an open mouth bag.
[035] A small opening is naturally provided between the telescopic parts of a telescopic filling nozzle through which dust-laden air can escape to the outside. To prevent or reduce contamination of the environment, these configurations preferably provide a filling nozzle with a dedusting device. This dedusting system can, however, have a capacity that is considerably less than in conventional systems, since dedusting should only be foreseen for a relatively smaller air flow, with low dust loads. The content of powder contained can be discarded since the mass fraction is lower. It is also conceivable to provide post-processing of the released air stream. Such post-processing, basically, is only worthwhile in the case of the simultaneous processing of several filling nozzles.
[036] In all configurations, it is preferable to provide at least one compactor. This compactor can act on the open-mouthed bag during the filling process and / or after the filling process ends, compacting the product with the bag's content. For example, it is possible to configure a compactor as a bottom vibrator that can be brought closer to the open mouth bag from below. The bottom vibrator can temporarily approach the open-mouthed bag from below during a filling process to compact the already filled material. It is also possible to bring the lower vibrator closer to the open-mouthed bag after the end of the filling process or during the entire filling process, for example, when the filling method is liquid.
[037] Preferably, it is also possible to have a vacuum lance or vibrating needle or similar inlet for an open mouth bag attached from the top through the filling nozzle for compacting the product contained therein.
[038] It is also possible to use a side vibrator or a side beater, which rotates around the sides of the bag.
[039] The method according to the invention is used for filling dust and in particular particulate products, such as bulk material in open-mouth bags. For example, maltodextrin or other powdered edible products or other products to be bagged, when product purity is required. Bagging takes place through a filling machine filling process. The filling process is controlled by weight using a control device and a weighing device. At least one dosing element controls the dosing and transmits batches from the product offer. The product is transported into the open mouth bag attached via a filling nozzle. The pressure increase that occurs in a filling process is used to transfer, when the air contained in the open mouth bag and containing powder product is moved through a connection of the flow of the filling nozzle in a collection tank, where it is left settle so that the dust content of the air displacement is at least partially installed in the deposited product collection tank. The method according to the invention also has many advantages, since it provides simple means and means to efficiently fill and recover any deposited product. Preferably, the deposited product is removed intermittently. The filling process can take place using either the crude method or the liquid method, depending on the configuration of the packaging machine. In all configurations, a portion of the quantity to be bagged can be initially placed in an intermediate container.
[040] Other advantages and features of the present invention can be drawn from exemplary embodiments of the invention, which will be discussed below with reference to the attached figures. Brief Description of the Figures
[041] The drawings show in: FIG. 1 a simplistic side view of a packaging machine according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a simplistic cross-section of a filling machine filling spout according to Fig. 1; FIG. 3 the filling nozzle according to Fig. 2 rotated by 90 °; FIG. 4 a simplistic cross-section of another filling nozzle of a packaging machine according to the invention; and FIG. 5 is a total view of the packaging machine according to Fig. 1. Detailed Description of the Invention
[042] Figure 1 illustrates a simplistic side view of a packaging machine (1) according to the invention comprising a frame (40). The packaging machine (1) serves to fill with dusty products (2) such as bulk material in open mouth bags fed from the top (3).
[043] Pre-made open-mouth bags (3) can be provided for use in the packaging machine (1). It is also possible and preferable to configure the packaging machine (1), such as an FFS system, which produces open-mouthed bags (3) in a device incorporated or separated upstream from a tubular film web or from of a flat sheet of film. The manufacture of open-mouthed bags (3) immediately on the packaging machine (1) offers the advantage of producing the open-mouthed bags (3) in an optimum length that can still be adjusted during operation.
[044] An open-mouthed bag (3) to be filled is attached from the filling nozzle (11) of the packaging machine (1), before starting the filling process. A control device (4) is used to control the filling process and to operate the packaging machine (1).
[045] Above the frame (40) of the packaging machine (1) a supply of product or silo (5) is provided, which stores a large quantity of product (2) intended for filling. This amount of product from the product supply (5) is sufficient to fill a multitude of open-mouth bags (3). Downstream of the product supply (5) there is at least one dosing element (6), which carries the product (2) away from the product supply (5), transmitting it to the intermediate container (7).
[046] In the exemplary embodiment presented here two dosing elements shown are provided (6) both are configured as helical conveyors. One of the metering elements (6) is used in high-speed flow, while the other, the second metering element (6), which is not visible because it is behind the design plane, is used for routing the flow of low speed. By dividing the product stream into high speed and low speed flow, a better and more accurate weight gain is achieved. A thread is only considered if it operates at different speeds of rotation.
[047] Or it is possible to use other dosing elements. For dosing and for transporting the product (2), for example, locking vanes, conveyor turbines, air conveyors, or other dosing elements and dosing devices can be used.
[048] Downstream of the dosing element (6) or in the dosing elements (6) the intermediate container (7) is installed, which serves to receive a part (9) of the quantity (10) intended for filling. The volume of the intermediate container (7) or the useful volume of the intermediate container (7) is dimensioned in such a way that it is less than the volume of the quantity (10) for filling an open-mouthed bag (3). For example, the high speed flow portion is transported to the intermediate container.
[049] The intermediate container (7) has, at its lower end, a closing unit (8) that can be controlled by the control device (4). For example, a flap shutter can be used. Or it is possible to use a closing curtain, a squeeze valve or any other closing unit.
[050] Downstream of the intermediate container (7), the filling spout (11) is installed, which is presented here as being telescopic to allow it to descend into the filling position and rise into the discharge position.
[051] The filling spout (11) is part of the weighing system or filling system (13), so that the open-mouthed bag (3) attached to the filling spout (11) is weighed over a weighing process using the weighing device (12). This allows for a filling process using the crude method, where the weight of the product (2) in the open-mouthed bag (3) filled so far remains as the measurement result after deducting the known weights of the filling nozzle and other components of the filling system. This allows precise control of the full weight.
[052] Figure 1 illustrates the filling spout (11) in the filling position (20), in which the filling spout (11) enters the open mouth bag (3) from the top.
[053] Before the filling process, the device (24) begins to blow air in the upper part into the open mouth bag (3) in order to fully inflate the bag and be substantially free of wrinkles. This provides the maximum filling volume for the product (2).
[054] The filling nozzle (11) passes the product (2) delivered from the upper portion downwards and into the open-mouthed bag (3). In addition, the filling spout (11) has, with the exception of the central supply of the product, side air vents (19) through which the air forced out of the open-mouth bag (3), during the filling process, or even the displacing air, is evacuated through the flow connection (21) into the sedimentation volume (15) and the displacement volume (27). The collecting container (14) is positioned so that its weight is decoupled from the filling nozzle (11) by means of a flexible hose, which is the flow duct (33).
[055] The flow connection (21) with the flow duct (33) is dimensioned in such a way that the air moves out of the bag (3), which is passively and automatically transferred to the collecting container (14) due the pressure increase that occurs in the filling process. This means that the flow resistance is low enough to guarantee passive passing over and transferring the joint displacement air into the collecting container (14). The dimensions of the flow connection (21) are selected in such a way that the flow resistance is passively exceeded due to the pressure increase that occurs when filling the product into the open mouth bag. Thus, active transport is not necessary. This saves considerable energy.
[056] The cross section of the flow duct (33) is preferably greater than 1/4 and, in particular, greater than half the cross section of the filling nozzle (11). The cross section of the flow duct (33) about the size of a cross section of the filling nozzle or larger is a particularly preferred shape. Preferably, a width (21a) of the flow connection is approximately the same as the width (11a) of the filling spout. The width (21a) is preferably greater than 1/4 of the width (11a) of the filling spout.
[057] The width (21a) of the flow connection is, in particular, between approximately half the width of the product feeder (18a) or the width (11a) of the filling nozzle and twice the width of the feeder of product (18a) or the width (11a) of the filling spout.
[058] The flow duct (33) is preferably configured as short as possible to minimize flow losses.
[059] The indicated dimension guarantees a reliable and passive transport of the air from the displaced person into the collection container. This makes it possible to recover and reuse most of the homogeneous bulk material dragged during displacement. In addition, the energy requirement for dedusting is reduced.
[060] The flow duct (33) preferably has a steep downward slope in the separation opening towards the collection vessel (14) to reduce the accumulation of any product in the flow duct or to evacuate it into the collection vessel ( 14).
[061] In a packaging machine (1) configured for filling by the liquid method, the intermediate container (7) is weighed separately. Then, a rigid pipe or a flexible hose can be used as a flow duct (33) to connect the flow of (21), since the dissociation of the weight is no longer necessary in this place.
[062] The size of the collection container (14) is shown only schematically, including a sedimentation volume (15) for the volume of air forced out of the open-mouthed bag (3) to be filled.
[063] When bagging the product (2), a considerable amount of dust can also enter the collection container (14) with the air forced out of the open mouth bag (3). The displaced air settles in the said tank so that the product contained in the air can be established in the collection container (14).
[064] It is possible for the collection container (14) to comprise, at its lower end, a controlled shutter (23) that can be opened, when necessary, automatically or even manually. Or it is possible that the collection container (14) can be opened at the bottom so that the collection container (14) opens to the line (34), without any other plug.
[065] The deposited product is collected at the bottom end of the collection container (14). The deposited product (16) can be evacuated from the collection container (14), when necessary, or at regular intervals. A product conveyor (17) serves to evacuate the deposited product (16). The product carrier (17) can basically be configured as desired. For example, it is possible to flow on the line (34) a propeller that can be flexible to transport the deposited product (16) through the line (34), in this case in an upward direction, and finally back into the intermediate container (7). Or any other type of product carrier is possible. The product conveyor (17) is not operated continuously, but preferably at periodic or irregular intervals. For example, a sensor can be provided inside or over the collection container (14) to capture the measurement of the quantity of product deposited and when a predetermined value is exceeded, send a signal to the control device (4) so that the control device (4) causes part or all of the deposit of the product (16) to be removed.
[066] The collection vessel (14) is connected to the atmosphere (26) through a tube (25). A displacement volume (27) is present inside the tube (25). The displacement volume (27) is forced from the tube (25) to the outside environment as the air forced out of the bag (3) enters the collection container (14). Once the air in the displaced volume (27) has time to settle, the dusty product is deposited and accumulates at the bottom of the collection container (14).
[067] The sedimented volume (15) and / or the displaced volume (27) can be configured for different sizes depending on the volumes of the bag to be filled and / or the suspension characteristics of the products susceptible to forming dust.
[068] A filter (28) can be used at the end of the tube (25) to prevent foreign material from entering the exterior and, optionally, to prevent any content of dust still present in the air displacing exhaust to the outside.
[069] The intermediate container (7) can be equipped with a sensor (37) for the product filling level (2) already filled. This allows for control of the filling volume of the intermediate container (7) for high-speed flow.
[070] Since the product is first transported from the product supply (5) into the intermediate container (7) and only then into the open-mouth bag, the drop heights of the product are comparatively low so that only a small amount of air can introduce the product (2). This speeds up the filling process.
[071] The compactor (30), which in this case is a bottom vibrator (31), can be placed at the bottom of the bag and operate at periodic intervals during the filling process or after the filling process is finished for the compaction of the product (2) that is present in the open mouth bag (3).
[072] Figure 2 shows a schematic cross section of the filling spout that is used, for example, in the packaging machine (1) according to Figure 1. The filling spout (11) schematically presents an open mouth bag (3) attached. The product chain (36) is inserted into the bag opening (3) downwards from the top. The product stream (36) is introduced into a central part, respectively, along the central product feed (18). Lateral regions are provided here with side air vents (19) through which the air forced upwards and out of the bag is evacuated.
[073] In all cases, an open-mouthed bag is firmly attached by its upper end to the filling spout (11) to prevent the escape of dust-laden air to the outside.
[074] The evacuated air, containing dust, is guided through the side air vents (19) and introduced into the collection container (14). The air flow (35) coming out of the open-mouthed bag (3) is shown by means of an arrow.
[075] The lower end of the filling spout (11) has flap shutters (29), which allow the filling spout (11) to be closed and at least spill-proof, to ensure that changes to the bag, after the filling process is finished, do not contaminate the packaging machine with spilled material.
[076] FIG. 2 shows dimensions (11a), (18a) and (21a) relative to each other in this preferred embodiment. The width (21a) of the flow connection is slightly greater than the width (11a) of the filling spout, which in turn is greater than the width (18a). The large dimensions and cross sections allow efficient air transport by moving passively.
[077] Figure 3 shows another exemplary embodiment of a filling nozzle cross section (11) for the packaging machine (1) according to Figure 1.
[078] The filling spout (11) is permanently connected to the collection tank (14), so that the collection container (14) is also part of the filling system (13) or the heavy system. This means that any product (16) installed in the collection container (14) during the filling process is included in the weight when applying the gross weighing method. This quantity of deposited product (16) can basically result in a measurement error or systematic error in the weight of the filled open mouth bags, unless this weight is taken into account. Therefore, an empirical value for the expected quantity of sedimented product (16) is applied in a first filling process and in the following filling processes, the measured values are used after unloading a full bag (3). The sedimented product (16) can be determined and in the following filling processes the corresponding surplus quantity is filled into the open-mouthed bag (3) after zeroing the tare.
[079] Figure 3 shows the telescopic filling spout (11). A (simplistic) gap (39) can be observed between the telescopic parts of the filling spout. A dedusting system (22) is provided to prevent any escaping dust from being released into the environment. A relatively small amount of air is sucked in the dedusting so that the dedusting device can be considerably smaller than those present in the prior art.
[080] Air charged with powder forced out of the open mouth bag (3) during filling is introduced into the collection container (14) through the side air vents (19) along the air flow (35) through flow connection (21). The collection container (14) is connected with the environment (26) through a tube (25) and a filter (28) at the end of the tube (25).
[081] The width (21a) of the flow connection preferably corresponds to the contact surface between the filling nozzle (11) and the collecting container (14). The filling nozzle (11) has a width (11a) that is greater than the width (18a), which in turn is greater than the width (21a) of the flow connection. The width (21a) of the flow connection is greater than a quarter or even 1/2 the width of the filling spout (11a). The same applies to the flow cross sections, so that the flow cross section of the flow connection is greater than 1/5, and preferably greater than 1/3 or 1/2 of the flow cross section. flow from the filling spout (11).
[082] The collection vessel (14) contains a sedimentation volume (15). The introduced air settles and the product contained accumulates at the bottom of the collection container (14). The sedimented product (16) can be removed via a connected line. A controlled shutter (23) is provided at the bottom of the collection container (14), as needed.
[083] Figure 4 shows another configuration of a filling spout (11) for a packaging machine according to Figure 1. In this case, the filling spout and an attached bag (3) are weighed together by the method gross. While a weighing device (12) weighs the filling nozzle (11), the collection container (14) is also provided with a weighing device in the form of a sensor (38). The weight sensor (38) captures the weight of the collection container (14), so that the quantity of product deposited (16) can be captured. To decouple the weight of the collection container (14), from the filling nozzle (11), a flexible hose is provided as a flow duct (33) between the filling nozzle (11) and the collecting container (14) . The flexible hose can extend over the entire length or only part of it. The indicated dimensions and flow ratios of the cross sections are applied again.
[084] The collection container (14), in turn, can be supplied with a tube (25) that has a displaced volume (27). The end, in turn, is provided with a filter (28). A collection container (14) having sufficiently large dimensions may allow dispensing the tube (25).
[085] In addition, a vacuum lance (32) is presented, such as the compactor (30), which can enter the open mouth bag (3) from the upper portion during the filling process or after the filling process is finished. filling, in order to eliminate the air inside the open mouth bag (3).
[086] Figure 5 shows the side view in approximately full scale of an embodiment of a packaging machine (1) according to the invention, where a supply of product (5) is provided above the frame (40 ), which is followed by a dosing element (6) downstream. The dosing element (6) conveys the product to an intermediate container (7) from which the product (2) is transported through the filling spout (11) to an attached bag (3).
[087] A collecting container (14) serves to settle the air that is forced out of the bag (3), during the filling process, and that passes through the flow connection (21) to the collecting container (14). The contained product is deposited in the collection container (14), at the bottom of said container.
[088] The volume of the collection container (14) including the volume of the flow duct and the displacement volume is preferably greater than 1/10 and, in particular, greater than 1/6 or 1/4 of the volume the bag (3a). The ratio can be 1: 2 or greater. The volume may, in particular, be greater than the volume (3a) of the open-mouthed bag.
[089] The product carrier (17) transmits the deposited product (16) as required through a line (34) formed by a flexible hose (41) and returns to the collection tank (7).
[090] It is possible to weigh the intermediate container (7) separately using a weighing device (12 ') in order to allow liquid filling. In the filling process, the exact weight of the predicted filling quantity (10) is first collected in the intermediate container (7) and subsequently introduced into the open-mouthed bag (3).
[091] It is also possible to supply only a part of the filling quantity (10) intended for storage in the filling process in the intermediate container (7) and for weighing the filling spout (11) by means of a weighing device (12) , in order to employ the crude method for bagging.
[092] In all configurations of application of the crude method, it is also possible to dispense with an intermediate container (7). Then, an open bag (3) is, for example, immediately filled by means of the dosing element (6).
[093] The invention has considerable advantages as a whole. The fact that the air forced out of the bag (3) during filling is directed to a collecting container (14), which comprises a sedimentation volume (15) and is preferably connected to the atmosphere (26) through a tube (25), which has a displacement volume (27), makes it possible to recover a substantial, homogeneous proportion of the product contained in the released air. The collection container (14) provides sufficient time for the dust content of the air to settle and can be removed as a sedimented product (16). Depending on the size of the collection container (14) and its ability to accommodate the product (16), it can be emptied or removed after each filling process, or at specific or approximate intervals. The return of the product is preferred after each filling process, if a homogeneous size distribution in the bags is important.
[094] The invention dispenses with a large structure for dedusting that would be necessary to process all the forced air out of the open-mouthed bag (3). Optionally, a dedusting system of considerably smaller capacity can be used, for example, for dedusting the opening of a telescopic filling nozzle. As a general rule, however, this requires less than half or even less than a quarter of the dedusting capacity of conventional packaging machines.
[095] The product (16) deposited in the collection container is homogeneous and can be reused, in which case it is bagged again in the subsequent filling process. This means that, even with product changes, relatively minor cleaning actions are necessary.
[096] List of reference numbers: 1 - Packing machine 2 - Product, bulk material 3 - Open mouth bag 3a - Volume 4 Control device 5 - Product supply, silo 6 - Dosing element 7 - Intermediate container 8 - Closing unit 9 - Portion of product quantity 10 - filled quantity 11 - Nozzle or filling nozzle 11a - Width 12 - weighing device 13 - Filling system 14 - Collector container 15 - Sedimented volume 16 - deposited product 17 - Conveyor product 18 - Product feeding center 18 - width 19 - Side air outlet 20 - Filling position 21 - Flow connection 21a - width 22 - Dust removal device 23 - Shutter 24 - Blowing device 25 - Tube 26 - Environment 27 - Volume displaced 28 - Filter - Flap shutter - Compactor - Lower vibrator - Vacuum lance - Line flow duct - Air flow - Product flow - Sensor - Sensor - Gap - Frame 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 4 1 - Flexible hose

权利要求:
Claims (21)
[0001]
1. Packing machine (1) for filling products subject to dust formation, such as bulk materials (2), in open-mouth bags (3) by means of a filling process, which has a control device ( 4) and a weighing device (12, 12 ') for controlling the weight of the filling process, containing a product supply (5) and at least one dosing element (6) and with a filling nozzle (11) through which the product can be conveyed to a prepared open-mouthed bag (3) during the filling process, FEATURED by the fact that the filling nozzle (11) is connected to a collecting container (14) via a flow connection (21) so that a pressure surge, which occurs during a filling process, is used to transfer the displacement of air contained in the open mouth bag containing products (2) subject to formation into the collection container (3) dust to contain and calm the displacement of air in the container collector element (14) and to partially deposit a fraction of the air displacement dust in the collector container (14) as a deposited product (16).
[0002]
2. Packaging machine (1), according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the collecting container (14) is connected to a product conveyor (17) downstream to remove the product (16) deposited in the collecting container (14 ) via the downstream product carrier (17).
[0003]
3. Packaging machine (1) according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the product carrier (17) is designed to intermittently remove at least part of the product (16) deposited.
[0004]
4. Packaging machine (1) according to either of Claims 1 or 2, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that an intermediate container (7), equipped with a controlled shut-off unit (8), is provided so that the element dosing device (6) can transfer the product (2) from the product supply (5) and where the product carrier (17) is connected to the intermediate container (7) to return the deposited product (16) to the intermediate container (7 ).
[0005]
5. Packing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the collecting container (14) is immediately connected with the filling nozzle so that the flow connection (21) is at least in part formed by a passage opening between the filling nozzle and the collecting container (14).
[0006]
6. Packing machine (1), according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the flow connection (21) is made by a flow duct (33) where the proportion of the free diameter of the flow duct for the length of the flow duct is greater than 1:10.
[0007]
7. Packing machine (1), according to any one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the flow connection (21) is formed by a flow duct (33) where the proportion of the cross section of the flow duct for a free cross section the filler neck is greater than 1: 4.
[0008]
8. Packing machine (1), according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the size of the sedimented volume of the collecting container (14) is variable.
[0009]
9. Packaging machine (1), according to any one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the collecting container (14) is connected to the environment (26) through a tube (25) that extends perpendicularly.
[0010]
10. Packing machine (1), according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the displacement volume (27) of the tube (25) is variable.
[0011]
11. Packaging machine (1), according to any one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the weighing device (12) is installed to weigh the filling system (13) where the filling system (13) comprises at least the filling nozzle (11) so that an attached open-mouthed bag (3) is also weighed to perform a filling process by the crude method.
[0012]
12. Packaging machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the filling system (13) also comprises the collecting container (14).
[0013]
13. Packaging machine (1), according to any one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the collecting container (14) is adapted separately from the filling system (13).
[0014]
14. Packaging machine (1), according to any of the previous claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the control device (4) is installed and configured to operate the dosing element (6) in a time cycle or by controlling the volume in order to add a considerable part of product (2) to the intermediate container (7) for the purpose of bagging during the filling process and to empty it through the filling nozzle (11) into the open mouth bag ( 3) by opening the controlled closing unit (8).
[0015]
15. Packaging machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the weighing device (12) is installed to weigh the intermediate container to perform the filling process by the liquid method.
[0016]
16. Packaging machine (1), according to any one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that at least one compactor (30) is provided.
[0017]
17. Packaging machine (1), according to any one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the filling nozzle (11) comprises a product feeding center (18) and at least one exhaust air outlet.
[0018]
18. Method for filling with products subject to dust formation, such as bulk materials (2) in open-mouth bags (3) by means of a filling process in a packaging machine (1) in which the dependent control The weight of the filling process is carried out by means of a control device (4) and a weighing device (12, 12 '), where at least one metering element (6) controls the quantity of product (2) in the supply of product (5) and fill it, through a filling nozzle (11), into an open mouth bag (3) that is prepared for the filling process, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that a pressure surge that occurs in the filling process, it is used to transfer the displaced air contained in the open-mouthed bag (3) containing the product subject to dust formation (2) through the flow connection (21) of the filling nozzle (11) with a collecting container (14), to transport the displaced air contained in the open-mouthed bag (3) and the contaminated product to the formation of dust contained (2) inside the collecting container (14), connected to the filling nozzle (11) and to calm said air displacement so that the dust content of the displaced air is contained at least partially in the collecting container (14) as deposited product (16).
[0019]
19. Method, according to claim 18, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the deposited product (16) is removed intermittently.
[0020]
20. Method according to either of claims 18 or 19, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the filling process is carried out by both the crude and the liquid method.
[0021]
21. Method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that a part of the quantity to be bagged is first filled in the intermediate container.

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同族专利:

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DE102013010048A1|2014-12-18|

EP3010812A1|2016-04-27|

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WO2014202613A1|2014-12-24|

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法律状态:
2018-11-06| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|

2019-12-31| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|

2020-12-01| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|

2021-01-12| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 17/06/2014, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

DEDE102013010048|2013-06-17|

DE102013010048.8A|DE102013010048A1|2013-06-17|2013-06-17|Packing machine and process|

PCT/EP2014/062731|WO2014202613A1|2013-06-17|2014-06-17|Packing machine and method|

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