巴西专利BR112015016574B1 APPARATUS AND OPERATING METHOD

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专利摘要:
drive device. it is a wave motion gear speed reducer (20) disposed between a drive motor (15) and a control shaft (11) of a variable compression ratio mechanism. an input shaft rotation pickup sensor (31) is provided to pick up the rotational position of an input shaft (16) of the speed reducer (20), and an output shaft rotation pickup sensor (32 ) to capture the rotational position of an output shaft (12) of the speed reducer (20). when an amount of discrepancy (?e) between the quantities captured from both sensors is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, a judgment is made that generates an incremental sliding collapse of a engagement position between internal teeth (22) and external teeth (25).
公开号:BR112015016574B1
申请号:R112015016574-5
申请日:2013-12-16
公开日:2021-06-29
发明作者:Ryosuke Hiyoshi；Shinobu Kamada；Sho Ohtsu
申请人:Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[001] The present invention relates to an apparatus or drive device having a gear-type speed reducer by wave motion. FUNDAMENTALS OF THE TECHNIQUE
[002] As disclosed in Patent Document 1, a drive apparatus for driving a driven unit, such as a variable compression ratio mechanism, with a drive unit, such as a motor, employs a gear-type speed reducer. wave motion or deformation wave gear type which provides a higher reduction ratio in order to reduce drive unit dimensions and power output and improve controllability.
[003] This speed reducer or reduction gear includes a rigid body rigid gear having internal teeth formed on an inner circumference, a wave generator coaxially disposed within the rigid gear, and a flexible gear that is coaxially disposed between the generator. wave and the rigid gear, which is elastically deformed by the wave generator into an elliptical shape, and which has outer teeth formed on an outer circumference of the flexible gear and arranged to engage the aforementioned inner teeth at two positions in the direction of the main geometric axis. of the elliptical shape. In this structure, the rigid gear and the flexible gear are arranged to rotate relative to each other by a rotational or angular degree corresponding to a difference in the number of teeth between the inner teeth and the outer teeth, relative to one revolution of the generator. wave. PRIOR ART DOCUMENT(S) Patent Document(s) Patent Document 1: JP2011-169152A SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Problem to be solved by the Invention
[004] The wave motion gear speed reducer constructed in this way has small dimensions, is light and capable of providing a better reduction ratio. On the other hand, the wave motion gear speed reducer may be subjected to a so-called ratchet movement which denotes sliding or displacement of the engagement position or positions between the internal and external tooth of the speed reducer when an excessive torque that exceeds the permissible load torque is applied. Therefore, in the case of a construction to capture a rotational or angular position of an input shaft connected to the drive unit in order to control the drive condition of the drive unit, such as a motor, for example, the system is unable to detect the ratchet movement if it is generated, and therefore the captured amount or the captured value deviates from the actual trigger position (actual compression ratio). Means to Solve the Problem
[005] The present invention was conceived in view of this situation, and its objective is to provide an innovative drive system or apparatus capable of accurately judging or detecting the occurrence of ratchet movement in a gear speed reducer by wave motion.
[006] A drive apparatus or system according to the present invention comprises a drive section; a section driven by the drive section; and a speed reducer disposed between the drive section and the driven section and arranged to transmit rotation at a reduced speed from an input shaft connected to the drive section to an output shaft connected to the driven section. The speed reducer is a wave motion gear speed reducer including a rigid body rigid gear including an inner circumference formed by internal teeth, a wave generator coaxially disposed on the rigid gear, and a flexible gear that is coaxially disposed between the wave generator and the rigid gear, which is arranged so that it is elastically bent in an elliptical shape by the wave generator, and which includes an outer circumference formed by outer teeth engaging the inner teeth at two engagement positions in one direction of a main geometric axis of the elliptical shape. The rigid gear and the flexible gear are arranged to rotate relative to each other by a degree corresponding to a difference in the number of teeth which is a difference between the numbers of inner teeth and outer teeth when the wave generator is rotated one revolution .
[007] Additionally, according to the present invention, an input shaft rotation capture section is provided to capture a rotational or angular position of the speed reducer input shaft, and a shaft rotation capture section to capture a rotational or angular position of the speed reducer output shaft. The device or drive system is configured to judge the occurrence of a ratchet movement, which is the sliding of the engagement position or engagement positions of the internal teeth and the external teeth when a discrepancy or difference between a captured quantity or captured value of the section of input shaft rotation capture and a captured amount or captured value of the output shaft rotation capture section is greater than or equal to a predetermined value. EFFECT OF THE INVENTION
[008] According to the present invention, the apparatus can accurately judge or detect the occurrence of a ratchet movement using the captured amount of the input shaft rotation capture section and the captured amount of the rotation capture section of output shaft. Therefore, the apparatus can suitably satisfy problems, such as a reduction in controllability, caused by the ratchet movement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[009] Figure 1 is a construction view schematically showing a variable compression ratio mechanism as a driven section according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[010] Figure 2 is a matching sectional view showing a connection structure between a control shaft of the variable compression ratio mechanism and a drive motor.
[011] Figure 3 is a view illustrating a gear speed reducer by wave motion in the aforementioned mode.
[012] Figure 4 is a flowchart showing a control process flow including a ratchet movement judgment process of the aforementioned speed reducer.
[013] Figure 5 is a view illustrating three examples (A) to (C) of the capture accuracy of an output shaft rotation capture sensor. MODE(S) FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[014] Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained using the embodiment(s) illustrated in the drawings. Figure 1 shows a variable compression ratio mechanism or compression ratio variance mechanism 1 as a driven section of a drive apparatus. This variable compression ratio 1 mechanism is known per se as disclosed in JP 2011-169152. Therefore, the following explanation is simplified.
[015] This variable compression ratio mechanism 1 includes an upper link 3 and a lower link 5 pivotally attached to a crank pin 4A of a crankshaft 4. An upper end of the upper link 3 is pivotally attached via a piston pin 2A, to a piston 2 movable up and down in a cylinder of a cylinder block. The lower link 5 is pivotally connected via a connecting pin 6 with a lower end of the upper link 3, and further pivotally connected via a control pin 8 with an upper end portion of an upper link. control 7.
[016] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a drive motor 15 (cf. Figure 2) as a drive section is arranged to shift a rotational position of a control shaft 11 through a connecting mechanism 10 and, therefrom mode, shift the position of a lower end of the control link 7. This shift of the lower end position of the control link 7 causes a variation in the posture of the lower link 5 and varies the compression ratio of an engine continuously. The connecting mechanism 10 connecting the lower end of the control link 7 and the drive motor 15 includes the control shaft 11, an auxiliary control shaft 12, and a connecting link 13 connecting the shafts 11 and 12.
[017] The control shaft 11 extends parallel to the crankshaft 4, in the direction of the row of cylinders, inside the engine. Control shaft 11 includes trunnion portion or portions 11A pivotally supported by an engine main body member, such as the cylinder block, and a plurality of eccentric control shaft portions 11D. The lower end of the control link 7 of each cylinder is pivotally fixed to one of the eccentric control shaft portions 11D. Control eccentric shaft portions 11D are formed in an eccentric position by a predetermined degree relative to trunnion portion 11A. Furthermore, a forward end of a first arm portion 11C extending radially from the first trunnion portion 11A is pivotally connected to one end of the connecting link 13 by a first connecting pin 11B.
[018] The auxiliary control shaft 12 includes a second trunnion portion 12A pivotally supported by a housing 14 (cf. Figure 2), and a second arm portion 12C extending radially from the second trunnion portion 12A . A forward end of the second arm portion 12C is pivotally connected to the other end of the connecting link 13 by a second connecting pin 12B. The drive motor 15 as the drive section is connected to this auxiliary control shaft 12 via a speed reducer 20 mentioned below. The drive motor 15 is driven and controlled by a control section 19 which stores and performs various control operations.
[019] The variable compression ratio mechanism 1 utilizing this multi-link piston-crank mechanism makes it possible to improve fuel consumption and output by adjusting the engine compression ratio appropriately according to operating condition or conditions of the engine, and, in addition, adjusting a piston stroke characteristic to a desirable shape, such as a characteristic close to a simple harmonic oscillation in contrast to a single-link mechanism that connects a piston and crankshaft to a single link. Additionally, as compared to the single-link mechanism, it is possible to make the piston stroke longer in relation to the connecting rod journal, so that it is possible to reduce the overall height of the engine and make a higher compression ratio. Additionally, it is possible to reduce or adjust a thrust load influenced by piston 2 and cylinder by adjusting the slope of upper link 3, and reduce the heights of piston and cylinder.
[020] Furthermore, since, in the illustrated example, the control link 7 is connected to the lower link 5, the drive motor 15 and the connecting mechanism 10 connected to the control link 7 can be arranged in a lower region obliquely below of crankshaft 4 where it is relatively easy to find a space, and therefore this arrangement is convenient for mounting on the engine. However, it is possible to employ the arrangement in which the control link 7 is connected to the upper link 3. Additionally, the drive section is not limited to the drive motor 15. For example, the drive section can be a hydraulic actuator which uses an oil pressure control valve.
[021] The speed reducer 20 of a wave motion gear type is interposed between a motor rotation shaft 16 of the drive motor 15 and the auxiliary control shaft 12 of the connection mechanism 10, as shown in Figures 2 and 3 In this practical example, the rotation shaft 16 of the drive motor 15 is integrally coupled to an input shaft of the speed reducer 20, and the auxiliary 12 is integrally coupled to an output shaft of the speed reducer 20. However, it is possible to form these axes in the form of unjoined discrete axes.
[022] The speed reducer 20 is arranged, next to the auxiliary control shaft 12, in compartment 14. The drive motor 15 is connected to this compartment 14. The compartment 14 is fixed along a side wall of the crankcase 17, from outside the engine. The side wall of the crankcase 17 is formed by a slot 17A for insertion of the connecting link 13.
[023] As shown in Figure 3, the wave motion gear speed reducer 20 includes, as main parts: a rigid gear 21 with a rigid body formed by internal teeth 22 on the inner circumference of the rigid gear 21; a wave generator 23 coaxially disposed within the rigid gear 21; and a flexible gear 24 coaxially disposed between the wave generator 23 and the rigid gear 21. The flexible gear 24 is arranged so that it is elastically deformed into an elliptical shape by a wave generator 23. The flexible gear 24 is formed of outer teeth 25 on the outer circumference of flexible gear 24. Outer teeth 25 of flexible gear 24 are engaged with inner teeth 22 of rigid gear 21 at two positions 26 in a direction of a major axis of the elliptical shape.
[024] Wave generator 23 has an elliptical shape. The wave generator 23 is fixed, in a central portion, to the rotation axis 16 of the drive motor 15, and arranged to rotate as a unit along the rotation axis 16. The flexible gear 24 is made from a metallic material. having a flexibility to bend radially in accordance with the elliptical axis of the wave generator 23. A spherical bearing (omitted in the figure) is provided on the radial inner side of the flexible gear 24, and the flexible gear 24 is able to rotate in relation to the wave generator 23.
[025] The number of inner teeth 22 and number of outer teeth 25 are different from each other, and the difference in the number of teeth is adjusted so that it equals two teeth. When the wave generator 23 rotates one revolution, the rigid gear 21 and the flexible gear 24 rotate relative to each other by a degree corresponding to the difference in the number of teeth between them.
[026] The speed reducer 20 of this mode employs a ring-like structure using an auxiliary rigid gear 27, to draw an output power from the rigid gear 21. This auxiliary rigid gear 27 is disposed adjacent to the rigid gear 21 in the axial direction, and attached to housing 14. The auxiliary rigid gear 27 also includes internal teeth formed on the internal circumference. However, the number of internal teeth of the auxiliary rigid gear 27 is equal to the number of external teeth 25 of the flexible gear 24. That is, the auxiliary rigid gear 27 works as a type of gear coupling, and the rigid gear 21 rotates through the degree of difference in number of teeth in response to one revolution of the wave generator 23.
[027] The structure of the speed reducer 20 is not limited to that of the aforementioned modality. It is possible to employ a round cavity-like structure in which the rigid gear 21 is fixed to the housing 14, and an output power is drawn from the round cavity-shaped flexible gear 24.
[028] The built-in wave motion gear type speed reducer 20 has the advantages of a smaller number of parts needed, smaller dimensions and light weight, and yet this speed reducer 20 can provide a very large reduction ratio. Furthermore, since no feedback reaction is required, engagement efficiency is high, and controllability and reliability are high. On the other hand, the wave motion gear type speed reducer 20 can be subjected to a phenomenon called ratchet movement, which is the sliding or displacement of the position or positions of engagement or engagement of the internal teeth 22 and the external teeth 25 of the speed reducer 20. Therefore, if the system is arranged to capture only the rotational position of the rotation axis 16 of the drive motor 15 (the input axis of the speed reducer), to control the drive motor 15, for example, the system is unable to detect the occurrence of the ratchet movement, and therefore a deviation between the captured value or the captured amount and the actual compression ratio corresponding to the actual rotational position is likely to occur.
[029] The deviation between the captured amount and the actual compression ratio causes the following problems. When, for example, the actual compression ratio diverges from the captured quantity, alongside the smaller compression ratio, this deviation can cause disadvantages such as deterioration in fuel consumption and output power, deterioration in the durability of exhaust ports due to the increase in temperature of the exhaust gas mixture and deterioration of the catalyst. In the case of deviation of the actual compression ratio from the captured amount to a higher compression ratio side, the deviation can cause an excessive approach between an inlet or exhaust valve and a piston, and pin strike.
[030] Additionally, in the case of a control close to the maximum compression ratio or the minimum compression ratio to which a limitation is mechanically imposed on a stop, the rotational position of the control shaft 11 can reach the stop position of the ratio of maximum or minimum compression before the captured amount or compression ratio reaches the target compression ratio, and therefore the control system may be unable to control the compression ratio to the target compression ratio, resulting in a control error.
[031] Furthermore, if, in the state unable to detect the ratchet movement, the slip or displacement of the entry position is increased by the ratchet movement to a value greater than i equal to a predetermined level, the front tips of the inner teeth 22 and of the outer teeth 25 can be worn, and the wear can reduce a ratchet movement producing torque, thus causing an abrupt and considerable deviation from the compression ratio due to the application of considerable torque and aggravating the aforementioned problems.
[032] Furthermore, dust from the wear or abrasion of the tooth tips can increase friction getting stuck on the toothed surfaces and spherical bearing, and deteriorate the response.
[033] Therefore, in this practical example, as explained later in this document, the aforementioned problems are avoided by judging or accurately detecting the occurrence of ratchet movement. Specifically, an input shaft rotation pickup sensor 31 is provided to pick up the rotational position of the motor rotation axis 16 which is the input axis of the speed reducer 20, and a shaft rotation pickup sensor of output 32 for sensing the rotational position of the second control axis 11 which is the output axis of the speed reducer 20. The occurrence of ratchet movement is judged or detected by using the sensed quantities or sensed values of the sensors 31 and 32.
[034] Figure 4 is a flowchart that shows a control flow including this process to judge a ratchet movement. This routine is stored in the aforementioned control section 19, and executed repeatedly at regular time intervals (of 10 ms, for example).
[035] In a step S11, the control section reads a first captured quantity or value ε1 corresponding to an actual compression ratio, captured by the input shaft rotation capture sensor 31. In a step S12, the control section reads a second quantity or captured value ε2 corresponding to the actual compression ratio, captured by the output shaft rotation capture sensor 32. In a step S13, the control section calculates a discrepancy amount Δε that is equal to an absolute value |ε1—ε2| of a difference between the first captured quantity ε1 and the second captured quantity ε2.
[036] In a step S14, the control section determines whether the amount of discrepancy Δε is greater than or equal to a first predetermined value G1 corresponding to a slip or displacement of the engagement position(s) or engagement of the internal teeth 22 and the outer teeth 25, by an amount of one tooth. The control section proceeds to a step S15 when the amount of discrepancy Δε is greater than or equal to the first predetermined value G1. When the amount of discrepancy Δε is less than the first predetermined value G1, the control section judges that a ratchet movement is not present and ends this routine.
[037] In step S15, the control section determines if an operating point is in and a high-accuracy sensing region in which a slip or tooth displacement from the engagement position is detectable. This judgment is performed using the first captured quantity ε1 or the second captured quantity ε2, for example. In the case of the high-accuracy capture region, the control section proceeds to a step S17, omitting a step S16, and judges or detects, in S17, the occurrence of ratchet movement.
[038] On the other hand, when the operating point is not in the high-accuracy capture region, the control section proceeds to step S16, and determines whether the amount of discrepancy Δε is greater than or equal to a corresponding second G2 predetermined value the sliding or displacement of the engaging or engaging position(s) of the inner teeth 22 and the outer teeth 25 by an amount of a plurality of teeth (two teeth, for example). The second default value G2 is a value greater than the first default value G1. When the amount of discrepancy Δε is greater than or equal to the second predetermined value G2, the control section proceeds to the aforementioned step S17, and judges that the ratchet movement is present. When the amount of discrepancy Δε is less than the second predetermined value G2, the control section judges that the ratchet movement is not present and terminates the routine.
[039] In the case of judging the occurrence of ratchet movement, the control section proceeds from step S17 to a step S18. In step S18, the control section selects a captured quantity εh used for driving control of the shunt motor 15 or similar, from the first and second captured quantities. The captured quantity εh is one between the first captured quantity ε1 and the second captured quantity ε2, and the captured quantity εh has a value on one side of high compression ratio in relation to a value on the other between the first captured quantity ε1 and the second quantity captured ε2. Control section 19 determines a target compression ratio based on the captured amount εh selected in this way, and controls the drive condition of drive motor 15.
[040] It is possible to perform operations from steps S18A to S18C, instead of operation from step S18. In steps S18A to S18C, one of the captured quantities is preliminarily selected as a selected captured quantity used for the drive control of the drive motor 15, or similar (in this example, the preliminarily selected captured quantity is the second captured quantity ε2 on the side of the highest output axis in control accuracy). Specifically, in step S18A, the control section determines whether the first captured quantity ε1 on the input axis side not used for control has a value of a compression ratio greater than the second captured quantity ε2 on the input axis side. output used for control. When the value of the first captured quantity ε1 is not a compression ratio value greater than the second captured quantity ε2, that is, the first captured quantity ε1 is equal to a value of a compression ratio smaller than the second captured quantity ε2, the control section omits step S18B, and proceeds to the following step S18C.
[041] When the first captured quantity ε1 equals a value on the side of the highest compression ratio of the second captured quantity ε2, the control section proceeds to step S18B, and modifies the second captured quantity ε2 so that it is used for the control towards a lower compression ratio, according to the first captured quantity ε1 which should not be used for control (according to the amount of discrepancy Δε between both captured quantities, as being exact). Then the control section proceeds to step S18C. In step S18C, the control section performs compression ratio control based on the second most accurate captured quantity ε2 on the output shaft side. Hence, the control section 19 determines the target compression ratio based on the captured amount ε2, and controls the drive condition of the drive motor 15.
[042] In a step S19, the control section adjusts or varies the operating condition of the motor, such as the rotational speed of the motor or the load requested, or the target compression ratio setting, in the direction to reduce the gearbox load. of speed 20.
[043] In a step S20, the control section determines direction of ratchet movement, that is, whether the direction of sliding or displacement of the engagement position(s) is facing the compression ratio side taller.
[044] When the ratchet movement direction is the direction of the larger compression ratio side, the control section proceeds to a step S21, and sets a target value of an operating characteristic of an inlet or exhaust valve by a mechanism valve actuation angle 18 (cf. Figure 2) in one direction to increase a closer approach distance between piston 2 and the inlet or exhaust valve to which variable valve actuation mechanism 18 is applied. Like the variable valve activation mechanism 18, it is possible to employ a known mechanism, such as a valve timing control mechanism (VTC) that varies both the valve open timing and the inlet valve valve close timing. or exhaust simultaneously and continuously or an operating angle and suspension variation (VEL) mechanism that varies the valve operating angle and the valve suspension of the inlet or exhaust valve simultaneously and continuously.
[045] In a next step S22, the control section determines whether the amount of discrepancy Δε is greater than or equal to a third predetermined value G3 or not. When the amount of discrepancy Δε is less than the third predetermined value G3, then the control section ends this routine. When the amount of discrepancy Δε is greater than or equal to the third predetermined value G3, the control section proceeds to a step S23, and limits the rotational speed of the motor to a value less than or equal to a predetermined rotational speed.
[046] When the judgment of step S20 is that the ratchet movement direction is not facing the larger compression ratio side, but towards the smaller compression ratio side, the control section proceeds to a step S24, and determines whether the amount of discrepancy Δε is greater than or equal to a fourth predetermined value G4 or not. The fourth preset value G4 may be set equal to the third preset value G3 for reasons of simplification, or may be set equal to a value different from the third preset value G3 for adaptation or adjustment. When the amount of discrepancy Δε is less than the fourth predetermined value G4, then the control section ends this routine. When the amount of discrepancy Δε is greater than or equal to the fourth predetermined value G4, the control section proceeds to a step S25, and sets the target compression ratio to the smaller compression ratio side.
[047] The features and effects of building this modality will be explained below.
[048] [1] The speed reducer 20 is arranged between the drive motor 15 which serves as a drive section and the variable compression ratio mechanism or compression ratio variation mechanism 1 which serves as a section driven by the drive motor 15. This speed reducer 20 transmits rotation from the rotation axis of the drive motor 15 (the input shaft of the speed reducer), at a reduced speed to the second control axis 11 (the output shaft of the speed reducer).
[049] This speed reducer 20 is a so-called wave motion gear speed reducer or strain wave gear type speed reducer including rigid gear 21, flexible gear 24 and wave generator 23 which are arranged therein. geometric axis. With respect to one revolution of the wave generator 23, the rigid gear 21 and the flexible gear 24 rotate relative to each other in a degree corresponding to a difference in the number of teeth which is a difference between the number of internal gear teeth 22 rigid 21 and the number of external teeth 25 of flexible gear 24.
[050] Additionally, in this modality, the input shaft rotation capture sensor 31 is provided, which serves as an input shaft rotation capture section to capture the rotational position of the speed reducer input shaft 20 ( the motor rotation shaft 16), and the output shaft rotation pickup sensor 32 which serves as an output shaft rotation pickup section to pick up the rotational position of the output shaft (the auxiliary control shaft 12) of the speed reducer 20. The apparatus of this modality judges or detects the occurrence of ratchet movement denoting sliding or displacement of the position or positions of engagement between the internal teeth 22 and the external teeth 25 when the amount of discrepancy Δε between the captured amounts or rotational positions captured from both sensors is greater than or equal to a predetermined value.
[051] Capturing the rotational positions of the input shaft and the output shaft of the speed reducer individually in this way, the device of this mode can judge or detect the occurrence of ratchet movement precisely from the amount of discrepancy Δε. Therefore, apparatus of this modality can effectively restrict or prevent a reduction in control accuracy in compression ratio control and a reduction in operability or drive capacity due to ratchet movement.
[052] [2] As the output shaft rotation capture sensor 32, the apparatus employs a sensor having an accuracy capable of capturing a slip of a predetermined number of teeth, from the engagement position(s). s) between the inner teeth 22 and the outer teeth 25 of the speed reducer 20 in the high precision region of predetermined capture. For example, the device uses a sensor having a precision capable of capturing a slip of an amount corresponding to a tooth. When, for example, the number of teeth is 320 and the reduction ratio is 160, the apparatus uses an absolute angle sensor capable of sensing or detecting a slip of an amount approximately equal to one degree, corresponding to a slip or displacement of a tooth in the predetermined high-precision pickup region.
[053] Therefore, in the high-accuracy region of capture a1 as shown in Figure 5(A) as an example, the device can detect the occurrence of ratchet movement of a tooth (steps S14, S15 and S17), and eliminate the need for high accuracy of capture throughout the entire region. Correspondingly, it is possible to employ a sensor of small dimensions and low cost having a sensing accuracy that decreases in a part of angle regions when the sensing angle width is increased, and therefore to reduce the sensor size and reduce the costs.
[054] [3] As shown in Figure 5A, as an example, the apparatus is able to judge the occurrence of the ratchet movement when the amount of discrepancy Δε of the captured amounts is greater than or equal to a first predetermined value G1 corresponding to the slip of an amount equal to or greater than one tooth between the inner teeth and the outer teeth, in the high-accuracy region of capture a1 (steps S14, S15, S17). Even the ratchet movement of a tooth can cause an incorrect or improper engagement state, increasing the friction in the speed reducer 20, deteriorating the response in the compression ratio variation control and allowing the possibility of pin hitting in the case of acceleration in the high compression ratio state, for example. With the ability to detect a slip or tooth displacement, the appliance can restrict or prevent such a pin strike from occurring.
[055] [4] In a region or regions α2, α3 in addition to the high-precision capture region α1, the device judges the occurrence of the ratchet movement when the amount of discrepancy Δε of the captured amounts is greater than or equal to a second value predetermined G2 corresponding to a slip of a number of teeth greater than the predetermined number of teeth, such as a slip of two or more teeth (S15, S16, S17). Therefore, the device can judge the ratchet movement of two or more teeth precisely even in a region whose capturing accuracy is lower.
[056] [5] When the ratchet movement is produced, the device decreases the load torque of the speed reducer 20 (S19). By decreasing the load torque of the speed reducer 20, the apparatus can restrict or prevent further ratchet movement.
[057] [6] In this modality, the variable compression ratio mechanism 1 is used as an example of the driven section. In the drive apparatus of the variable compression ratio mechanism 1, the drive motor 15 of the drive section receives a combustion load and an inertia load repeatedly at each combustion interval, so that the use of the type speed reducer wave motion gear 20 that provides a reduction ratio is very effective. This drive motor 15 is controlled by control section 19. Control section 19 adjusts the target compression ratio according to the operating condition of the engine, such as the rotational speed of the engine and/or the load required, and controls the drive motor 15 according to the target compression ratio thus adjusted.
[058] [7] Figure 5 shows the sensing accuracy (the minimum angle that can be detected) of the output shaft rotation sensor 32, in terms of the amount of becomes smaller as the sensing accuracy becomes larger. A sensor in an example shown in Figure 5(A) has an accuracy capable of capturing a tooth slip of the inner and outer teeth of the speed reducer only in a predetermined region α1 of an average compression ratio. In other words, the region of average compression ratio α1 is set as the high-accuracy capture region capable of capturing a tooth slip, and the sensor has the accuracy capable of capturing a value less than the first predetermined value G1 corresponding to a tooth slip. In that case, the apparatus can detect a ratchet movement of a tooth slip precisely on the condition of the average compression ratio at which the greatest load torque is applied.
[059] [8] A sensor in an example shown in Figure 5(B) has an accuracy capable of capturing only one tooth slip in a region of predetermined compression ratio or less β1 including a minimum compression ratio. In this region of low compression ratio β1, the drive motor 15 can collide against a stop at a high rotational speed with the aid of an internal cylinder pressure. The device can restrict or prevent this collision by catching a ratchet movement of a tooth slip.
[060] [9] A sensor in an example shown in Figure 5(C) has an accuracy capable of capturing only one tooth slip in a region of high or greater predetermined compression ratio Y1 including a maximum compression ratio. In the high compression ratio region, the speed reducer load torque increases in the event of a collision against the stop being driven in the high compression ratio direction by drive motor 15. The device can restrict or prevent this increase in torque speed reducer load sensing a ratchet movement of a tooth slip.
[061] [10] Alternatively, it is possible to employ a construction having an accuracy capable of capturing a tooth slip in two or more between the aforementioned average compression ratio region, the low compression ratio region including the minimum compression ratio and the high compression ratio region including the maximum compression ratio.
[062] [11] When ratchet movement is produced and the amount of discrepancy Δε is greater than or equal to the fourth predetermined value G4, the target compression ratio is set to a lower compression ratio (steps S17, S24, S25) . With this configuration, despite a possibility of an abnormal increase in the actual compression ratio due to a ratchet movement when the first captured amount ε1 on the input shaft side is smaller than the second captured amount ε2 on the output shaft side, the apparatus can prevent an excessive approach between a valve and a piston by reducing the target compression ratio. When the first captured amount ε1 on the input shaft side is greater than the second captured amount ε2 on the output shaft side, the actual compression ratio may be abnormally reduced by a ratchet movement. Therefore, by reducing the target compression ratio, the apparatus can reduce the load torque applied to the speed reducer 20 and thereby restrict or prevent an additional occurrence of ratchet movement.
[063] [12] At the time of the ratchet movement, the target compression ratio is adjusted (step S18) using a higher compression ratio representing the captured amount εh which is one of the first captured amount ε1 on the side of the input shaft and the second captured quantity ε2 on the output shaft side, and which represents a relatively high compression ratio compared to the other between the first and second captured quantities. When there is a discrepancy or difference between the two quantities captured, it is not possible to judge that one of them is appropriate. Correspondingly, the apparatus can restrict excessive displacement on the high compression side and restrict excessive approach between the valve and piston by adjusting the target compression ratio by using the captured amount εh on the larger compression ratio side.
[064] [13] The apparatus can be arranged to control the drive motor 15 using one of the two quantities captured at the moment of occurrence of ratchet movement. For example, in step S18C, the apparatus is configured to control the drive condition of the drive motor according to the second captured quantity ε2 on the side of the more accurate output shaft. In this case, if the first captured amount ε1 not used for the control assumes a value that represents a higher compression ratio compared to the second captured amount ε2, the device modifies or adjusts the second captured amount ε2 next to the smaller compression ratio (S18A , S18B) according to the amount of discrepancy Δε of the captured quantities.
[065] When the second captured quantity ε2 used for the motor control assumes a value on the compression ratio side smaller compared to the first captured quantity ε1 not used for the control, the apparatus considers that the correct or appropriate value is the first quantity captured ε1 having a value of a higher compression ratio on a safer side, to avoid an excessive approximation of the valve and piston, and modifies the second captured amount ε2 so that it is used for motor control next to the lower compression ratio . With this modification, the apparatus can prevent an excessive approximation between the valve and the piston, allow the continuous use of the output shaft rotation pickup sensor 32 having a superior accuracy as a sensor used for motor control, and maintain the Precise compression ratio control.
[066] [14] The apparatus sets a high value of the operating characteristic of the variable valve activation mechanism 18 (step S21) to increase a closer approach distance between a piston and an intake or exhaust valve if the direction of movement turnstile is facing the larger compression ratio side. With this adjustment, the apparatus can safely prevent the closest approach distance between the valve and the piston from being excessively reduced by the compression ratio made higher by the ratchet movement.
[067] [15] The apparatus limits the rotational speed of the motor to a range equal to or less than a predetermined speed when the ratchet movement direction is facing the higher compression ratio side and, at the same time, the amount of discrepancy Δε is greater than or equal to the third default value G3 (steps S20, S22, S23). By limiting the rotational speed of the motor in this way, the apparatus can restrict the variation in the direction of the larger compression ratio side by the inertial force, and reliably prevent the compression ratio from becoming excessively high.
[068] [16] It is possible to employ the arrangement, not shown in the figures, in which the output shaft rotation capture sensor 32 as the output shaft rotation capture section is arranged in the control shaft part 11 or near the same and the input shaft rotation capture sensor 31 as the input rotation capture section is disposed between the auxiliary control shaft 12 and the drive motor 15.
[069] In this case, with the compression ratio-reduction ratio characteristic provided by the connection mechanism 10 including the connecting link 13 and other members, it is possible to adjust the high-precision capture region to a compression ratio ratio arbitrary as shown in Figures 5(A) to 5(C). Correspondingly, it is possible to adjust the sensor's own high-precision capture region in a compression ratio region that requires ratchet movement detection, and adjust the relatively smaller capture-precision region in the other region or regions of compression ratio. compression.
[070] Although the invention has been described above with reference to a certain embodiment or embodiments of the invention, it is not limited to the embodiment(s) described above. Various modifications and variations are within the scope of the present invention. For example, in the aforementioned modality, the driven section includes the variable compression ratio mechanism. However, the present invention is also applicable to actuation apparatus including the actuated section employing another actuated mechanism or unit, such as the variable valve actuation mechanism.

权利要求:
Claims (17)
[0001]
1. A drive apparatus, comprising: a drive section (15); a driven section (1) driven by the drive section (15); and a speed reducer (20) disposed between the drive section (15) and the driven section (1) and arranged to transmit rotation at a reduced speed from an input shaft (16) connected with the drive section ( 15) to an output shaft (12) connected to the driven section (1); the speed reducer (20) being a wave motion gear speed reducer which includes: a rigid gear (21) including an inner circumference formed by inner teeth (22), a wave generator (23) coaxially disposed in the gear rigid (21), and a flexible gear (24) which is coaxially disposed between the wave generator (23) and the rigid gear (21), which is arranged so that it is elastically bent in an elliptical shape by the wave generator ( 23), and which includes an outer circumference formed by outer teeth (25) engaging the inner teeth (22) at two positions (26) in a direction of a main geometric axis of the elliptical shape, the flexible gear (24) and the gear rigid (21) are arranged to rotate relative to each other by an amount corresponding to a difference in the number of teeth which is a difference in the numbers of the inner teeth (22) and the outer teeth (25) when the wave generator (23 ) is rotated in an r evolution, the drive apparatus being CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it additionally comprises: an input shaft rotation capture section (31) for capturing a rotational position (ε1) of the input shaft (16) of the speed reducer (20) , an output shaft rotation capture section (32) for capturing a rotational position (ε2) of the output shaft (12) of the speed reducer (20), and a control section (19) for judging the occurrence of a ratchet movement which is the sliding of an engagement position of the inner teeth (22) and the outer teeth (25) when a discrepancy amount (Δε) between a captured amount (ε1) of the shaft rotation pickup section of input (31) and a captured amount (ε2) of the output shaft rotation capture section (32) is greater than or equal to a predetermined value (G1, G2).
[0002]
2. Drive apparatus according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the output shaft rotation capture section (32) is accurate to capture a slip of a predetermined number of teeth between the internal teeth (22) and the outer teeth (25) of the speed reducer (20) in at least one predetermined high-precision capturing region (α1, β1, Y1).
[0003]
3. Drive apparatus, according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the control section (19) is configured to judge the occurrence of the ratchet movement when the amount of discrepancy (Δε) of the amounts captured is greater than or equal to a first predetermined value (G1) corresponding to the sliding of the predetermined number of teeth of the internal teeth (22) and the external teeth (25) of the speed reducer (20), in the region of high accuracy of capture (α1, β1, Y1).
[0004]
4. Drive device, according to claim 2 or 3, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the control section (19) is configured to judge the occurrence of the ratchet movement when the amount of discrepancy (Δε) of the quantities captured is greater that or equal to a second predetermined value (G2) corresponding to a slip of a number of teeth greater than the predetermined number of teeth of the inner teeth (22) and the outer teeth (25) of the speed reducer (20), in a region (α2, α3) different from the high-accuracy capture region (α1).
[0005]
5. Drive apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the control section (19) is configured to reduce a load of the speed reducer (20) at a time when the movement of ticket gate.
[0006]
6. Drive apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the driven section (1) comprises an internal combustion engine and a variable compression ratio mechanism to vary an engine compression ratio of the internal combustion engine according to a rotational position of a control shaft (11) driven by the drive section (15), and the control section (19) is configured to set a target compression ratio according to a condition engine operating condition, and to control a drive condition of the drive section (15) in accordance with the target compression ratio.
[0007]
7. Drive apparatus according to claim 6, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the output shaft rotation capture section (32) has a precision to capture the sliding of the predetermined number of teeth between the internal teeth (22) and the outer teeth (25) of the speed reducer (20) only in a region of predetermined average compression ratio (α1).
[0008]
8. Drive apparatus according to claim 6, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the output shaft rotation capture section (32) has a precision to capture the sliding of the predetermined number of teeth between the internal teeth (22) and the outer teeth (25) of the speed reducer (20) only in a region of predetermined low compression ratio (β1) including a minimum compression ratio.
[0009]
9. Drive apparatus according to claim 6, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the output shaft rotation capture section (32) has a precision to capture the sliding of the predetermined number of teeth between the internal teeth (22) and the outer teeth (25) of the speed reducer (20) only in a region of predetermined high compression ratio (Y1) including a maximum compression ratio.
[0010]
10. Drive apparatus according to claim 6, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the output shaft rotation capture section (32) has a precision to capture the sliding of the predetermined number of teeth between the internal teeth (22) and the outer teeth (25) of the speed reducer (20) at two or more of a predetermined average compression ratio region (α1), a predetermined low compression ratio region (β1) including a minimum compression ratio, and a predetermined high compression ratio region (Y1) including a maximum compression ratio.
[0011]
11. Drive apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 10, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the control section (19) is configured to adjust the target compression ratio to an underside at a time of occurrence of the movement of ticket gate.
[0012]
12. Drive apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 11, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the control section (19) is configured to adjust the target compression ratio using a captured quantity (εh) that represents a high compression ratio at a time when the ratchet movement occurs.
[0013]
13. Drive apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 11, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the control section (19) is configured to control the drive condition of the drive section (15) according to a first quantity captured (ε1) which is one of the quantities captured from the input shaft rotation capture section (31) and the output shaft rotation capture section (32) at the moment of occurrence of the ratchet movement, and to adjust the first captured quantity (ε1) in one direction to reduce the compression ratio according to the amount of discrepancy (Δε) of the captured quantities if a second captured quantity (ε2) that is different from the captured quantities of the shaft rotation capture section input (31) and the output shaft rotation capture section (32) is equal to a value that represents a compression ratio greater than a value of the first captured quantity (ε1).
[0014]
14. Actuation apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 13, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the actuation apparatus further comprises a valve activation mechanism (18) configured to vary an operational characteristic of an engine valve that is an intake valve or an exhaust valve of the internal combustion engine, and the control section (19) is configured to set a target value of the operating characteristic of the valve actuation mechanism (18) to increase a closer approach distance between a piston (2) of the internal combustion engine and the engine valve at a moment of occurrence of the ratchet movement to one side of higher compression ratio.
[0015]
15. Drive apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 14, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the control section (19) is configured to limit a rotational speed of the internal combustion engine to a range equal to or less than a speed predetermined when ratchet movement to one side of larger compression ratio is detected and the amount of discrepancy (Δε) is greater than or equal to a third predetermined value (G3).
[0016]
16. Drive apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4 and claims 7 to 10, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the predetermined number of teeth is equal to one.
[0017]
17. Method of driving a driven section (1), by a drive section (15) through a speed reducer (20) arranged between the drive section (15) and the driven section (1) and arranged to transmit rotation at a reduced speed from an input shaft (16) connected with the drive section (15) to an output shaft (12) connected with the driven section (1), the speed reducer (20) being a a wave motion gear speed reducer including: a rigid gear (21) including an inner circumference formed with inner teeth (22), a wave generator (23) coaxially disposed on the rigid gear (21), and a flexible gear ( 24) which is coaxially disposed between the wave generator (23) and the rigid gear (21) which is arranged to elastically bend in an elliptical shape by the wave generator (23), and which includes an outer circumference formed with outer teeth (25) engaging the internal teeth (22) in two s positions (26) in a direction of a main geometric axis of the elliptical shape, the flexible gear being arranged to rotate relative to the rigid gear (21) by an amount corresponding to a difference in the number of teeth which is a difference in the number of teeth. internal teeth (22) and external teeth (25) when the wave generator (23) is rotated one revolution, the drive method being CHARACTERIZED by which it comprises: a first step (S11) of capturing a rotational position of the axis of input (16) of the speed reducer (20) with an input shaft rotation capture section (31), a second step (S12) of capturing a rotational position of the output shaft (12) of the speed reducer (20 ) with an output shaft rotation capture section (32), and a third step (S13 to S17) of judging the occurrence of a ratchet movement that is sliding from an engagement position of the internal teeth (22) and the external teeth (25) when a discrep amount ance (Δε) between the rotational position of the input shaft (16) captured in the first step (S11) and the rotational position of the output shaft (12) captured in the second step (S12) is greater than or equal to a predetermined value ( G1, G2).

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法律状态:
2018-11-21| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

2020-08-11| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

2021-05-25| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

2021-06-29| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 16/12/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

JP2013-001475|2013-01-09|

JP2013001475|2013-01-09|

PCT/JP2013/083615|WO2014109179A1|2013-01-09|2013-12-16|Drive device|

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