• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    METHOD OF INSTALLING AN ELEVATOR. The invention relates to an installation method for an elevator, with the following steps: providing a counterweight frame (41), configured to be moved along counterweight conducting rails (21); providing an installation platform (51) configured to be moved along cab conductor rails (33) and load the counterweight frame (41) with at least one elevator component; and shifting the counterweight frame (41) toward the installation platform (51).
    公开号:BR112015014291B1
    申请号:R112015014291-5
    申请日:2013-12-03
    公开日:2022-01-25
    发明作者:Ole Bolme；Harald Schwark
    申请人:Inventio Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [001] The present invention covers a method of installing an elevator, especially the installation of elevators in tall buildings.
    [002] In a method of installing an elevator, among other tasks, it is necessary to optimize the sequencing of the time used, as well as safety. Precisely, in the installation of an elevator in a tall building, the height of the construction, that is, the height of the fall, poses special challenges with regard to efficiency and temporal safety in an installation method. In a high-rise building, a building is comprised of about 30 floors and more.
    [003] US 2010/0133048 A1 describes a method of installing an elevator in which an installation platform is used. The installation platform is joined with a lifting device, temporarily mounted in the pit. Essentially, this lifting device consists of a cable that is attached to the upper area of the pit and a drive that can be moved on the cable. By means of a drive disc, the drive is in active contact with a cable. The compression pressure of the cable on the drive disc is sufficient so that when the drive disc rotates, the drive moves correspondingly on the cable. The installation platform is joined to the drive, with which it moves together.
    [004] According to document US 2010/0133048 A1, the installation platform, at the beginning of the installation method, is positioned in the downhole area. Sequentially, elevator components are applied to the installation platform, from which these components will be mounted in the shaft area. The installation method foresees that the installation platform is moved upwards to different mounting positions by means of the cable drive, until the installation platform has reached a higher position, that is, the last mounting position. For the completion of the installation method, the installation platform itself acts at least as a partial structure of the elevator car.
    [005] This installation method stands out, therefore, not only for an efficient procedure, but also for the optimal use of existing structures already during installation. Furthermore, the assembly work is very safe from an installation platform that moves inside the well. A railing reliably protects operators from a fall to the bottom of the pit.
    [006] The object of the present invention is to further improve the method of installing an elevator, especially for elevators in high-rise buildings.
    [007] The formulated task will solve an installation method with the following steps: • provide a counterweight frame 41 that is configured to be moved along counterweight conductor rails 21; • providing an installation platform 51 that is configured to be moved along cab conductor rails 33; • loading at least one elevator component onto the counterweight frame 41 and • shifting the counterweight frame 41 towards the installation platform 51.
    [008] With this installation method, especially using a counterweight frame as material transport, elevator components can be transported especially simply and efficiently to the area of an assembly position. These elevator components can, for example, be counterweight conductor rails, cabin conductor rails, shaft doors or shaft door components, fastening means, traction means, drive components etc.
    [009] Another advantage of the installation method is that the counterweight frame can be moved independently of mobile work platforms or also fixedly mounted. This ensures a high transport capacity of elevator components in the area of an assembly position.
    [0010] Other steps of the installation method refer to the suspension of a lifting device, comprising a support means and a drive in the upper area of a displacement area provided for the elevator, the assembly of at least a first set of conducting counterweight rails on the boundary structure of the displacement area, especially a pit wall, mounting a counterweight frame that travels on at least a first set of conducting counterweight rails, loading the counterweight frame with at least one component of the elevator, especially a second set of counterweight conducting rails, suspending the counterweight frame on the lifting device, moving the counterweight frame by the lifting device to an unloading position, unloading at least at least one elevator component from the counterweight frame and mounting at least one elevator component to the boundary structure of the displacement area.
    [0011] The means of support used in the lifting device are preferably configured as cables, especially steel cables. Of course, other types of cable can also be used, for example coated plastic fiber cables, natural fiber cables or other transport means such as belts, chains or similar material.
    [0012] Preferably, the drive is arranged on the support means in a self-propelled manner. To advance in the support medium, through a propelling disc, the drive is in active contact with the support medium. Corresponding to a rotational movement of the propelling disc, the drive moves along the lifting means in an upward or downward vertical direction. By means of the drive, therefore, the elevator components loaded on the counterweight frame can be moved to the intended unloading position for subsequent assembly. In this case, the counterweight frame is connected to the drive via a connecting element, for example by means of a cable or by means of a chain.
    [0013] Typically, the elevator displacement area is inside a shaft. In this case, the boundary structure of the displacement area is limited by four pit walls, a pit roof and a pit bottom. Diverging from this conformation, the displacement area may also be limited by a free truss structure or by an external wall of the building, as is often the case with panoramic elevators.
    [0014] Another step of the installation method refers to fixing the counterweight frame after the discharge position in the terminal area has been reached by at least one set of counterweight conductive rails. In this way, the counterweight frame will be fixed in its unloading position. Therefore, unintended movement of the counterweight frame during the unloading of an elevator component will be avoided.
    [0015] Preferably, the counterweight frame may be joined with an end segment which is disposed in the end area of at least a first set of counterweight conductive rails. For example, a cross member attached to the counterweight conductive rail assembly could serve as an end piece. The counterweight frame can be secured in this way to a crossmember by means of a suitable connection. For this purpose, for example, a screw connection, a hook connection, a clamp connection, a cable connection or similar form of connection are suitable.
    [0016] Alternatively, the counterweight frame can also be retained in the unloading position by means of a cold retainer that acts on at least one conductor rail of the counterweight.
    [0017] Other installation method steps refer to an overhead transfer from the lifting device of the counterweight frame to an elevator component, especially a counterweight conductor rail from the second set of counterweight conductor rails in the unloading position, as well as , the lifting of the elevator component, i.e. the counterweight guide rail, to the area of a mounting position. Thanks to the fixing of the counterweight frame in the unloading position, the lifting device can be released from the counterweight frame without it falling uncontrollably. In this way, even heavy elevator components can be transported simply and conveniently to an assembly position.
    [0018] Another step of the installation method refers to the provision of a third set of counterweight conductive rails in the lower displacement area for a later assembly in the boundary structure of the displacement area. Preferably, the third set of counterweight conductive rails will be mounted flush above the first set of counterweight conductive rails.
    [0019] Other steps of the installation method refer to the assembly of at least a first set of cab conductor rails on the structure, the provision of a second set of cab conductor rails in the lower displacement area for a later assembly on the frame and loading the counterweight frame with a third set of cab conductor rails for later mounting on the frame.
    [0020] The steps according to the last two segments have the advantage that the third set of counterweight conductor rails, as well as the first and second set of cab conductor rails are already ready before a possible subsequent mounting of an installation platform in the lower travel area for mounting. It so happens that the installation platform blocks in its lowest position an opening towards the lower displacement area, that is, the bottom of the pit, making it considerably difficult to introduce other counterweight conductor rails, that is, cabin conductor rails.
    [0021] Other steps of the installation method include the suspension of another lifting device, containing a means of support and a drive in the upper displacement area, the mounting of an installation platform provided at least on the first set of conductive rails from the cab, joining the additional lifting device to the installation platform, as well as moving the installation platform to a working position by means of the additional lifting device.
    [0022] Preferably, the second set of cab conductor rails, provided in the lower displacement area, will be mounted in an aligned manner above the first set of cab conductor rails.
    [0023] Other steps of the installation method refer to the suspended transfer of the lifting device to a cab conductor rail of the third set of cab conductor rails in the discharge position, as well as, the lifting of the cab conductor rail of the third set from cab conductor rails to the area of a mounting position. Preferably, the mounting position of the third set of cab conductor rails is positioned flush above the second set of cab conductor rails.
    [0024] Other installation method steps refer to the automatic displacement of the counterweight frame through the lifting device to an upper or lower terminal position on at least one set of counterweight conductor rails to a corresponding upper or lower terminal switch , the activation of the corresponding upper or lower terminal switch by the counterweight when reaching the upper or lower terminal position, as well as the turning off of the lifting device upon activation of the corresponding upper or lower terminal switch.
    [0025] The provision of terminal switches ensures, initially, a reliable stoppage of the counterweight frame at the end of a momentary displacement area, corresponding to the progressive assembly of the counterweight conductor rails, that is, the conductor rails of the cabin and, therefore, On the other hand, the counterweight frame can be automatically moved between a lower loading position and an upper unloading position without the need for a fitter's attention to be directed to the safe displacement of the counterweight frame. In this way, during the time the counterweight frame is moving, the assembler will be able to focus all his attention on assembling the elevator components.
    [0026] A terminal switch can be configured as an electromechanical switch that is activated by a movement of the counterweight frame to the upper or lower terminal position, turning the drive off. Of course, the terminal switch can also comprise a Hall sensor which detects a magnet arranged in the counterweight frame, for example a permanent magnet, interrupting a power supply to the drive upon detection of the magnet.
    [0027] The installation method will be described in more detail based on other execution examples and drawings.
    [0028] The figures show: Figure 1 - an elevator shaft with two lifting devices; Figure 2 - the elevator shaft of Figure 1 with a first assembled set of counterweight and cabin conductor rails, and another provided set of counterweight and cabin conductor rails; Figure 3 - the elevator shaft of figure 2 with a counterweight frame, mounted on the first set of counterweight conductor rails and another set of counterweight conductor and cabin rails, loaded on the counterweight frame; Figure 4 - the elevator shaft of Figure 3 with a station platform mounted on the first set of driving rails of the cabin; Figure 5 - the elevator shaft of figure 4 with the counterweight frame in an upper unloading position and the installation platform in an upper working position; Figure 6 - a detail view of the counterweight frame; and Figure 7 - a detail view of the installation platform.
    [0029] Based on figures 1 to 5, a method of installing an elevator is presented. In this example run, an elevator is mounted in shaft 1 of a building. The building features several floors 2.1, 2.2, 2.n, which must be reached by elevator.
    [0030] In a first step, a support 12 will be mounted at the height of the highest floor 2.n, in the upper area of the well 3. As can be seen in a view of figure 1, the support 12 will be mounted projecting obliquely inside the pit 1. In this case, a first end, here the left end, of the support 12 is pivotally mounted to the bottom of the uppermost floor 2 and a second end, spaced from the first unit, here the right end, will be fitted against a well side wall 1.
    [0031] Support 12 has two suspension points, each for a lifting device. These suspension points can be configured, for example, as eyelets. The lifting device comprises at least one support means 13, 15, such as, for example, a cable, and a drive 14, 16 which can be moved in a self-propelling manner along the support means 13, 15. The support means 13, 15 can be simply hooked with a hook to a suspension point on the support 12. The suspension points are positioned in such a way on the support 12 that a first lifting device 13, 14 is suspended in the area displacement of a subsequently assembled counterweight and a second lifting device 15, 16 is suspended in the displacement area of an elevator car to be subsequently assembled.
    [0032] In a next step, a first set of counterweight conductor rails 21, as well as cab conductor rails 31, will be mounted in a lower area 4 of pit 1. The mounting of these conductor rails, 21, 31, on walls sides of shaft 1 can be seen through loops 25. In figure 2, for reasons of visibility, only wings 25 for the counterweight guide rails are shown. For simplification, a set of counterweight conductive rails is shown in figure 2, i.e. a set of cab conductive rails 21, 31, being shown with only one conductive rail. Commonly, however, pairs of conductor rails 21, 31 are provided for driving movable elevator bodies, such as, for example, an elevator car or a counterweight.
    [0033] Another step is also presented in Figure 2, namely, the forecast of another set of counterweight conductor rails, that is, the cabin, 22, 32, which will be later mounted in the well space aligned vertically in relation to the first set of conductive rails 21, 31. This offers the advantage that at this time the other set of conductive rails 22, 32 can be positioned especially simply through a pit opening on the lowest stage 2.1 in the lower area 4 of the pit 1.
    [0034] In yet another step according to figure 3, a counterweight frame 41 will be mounted on the first set of counterweight conductor rails 21. During the installation of the elevator, the counterweight frame 41 must serve as a material conveyor, with which elevator components are transported to the assembly area in shaft 1, along already assembled counterweight conductor rails. For this purpose, a counterweight frame 41 will be joined to the drive 14, for example by means of a cable or a chain. Initially, however, the counterweight frame 41 will be loaded into a lower loading position with yet another set of counterweight and cab conducting rails 23, 33.
    [0035] Figure 4 shows another step in which an installation platform 51 will be mounted on the first set of driver rails of the cabin 31. The installation platform 51 serves during the installation of the elevator platform as a work platform that can be moved around. along the already assembled cabin conductor rails and from which an assembler carries out the assembly of elevator components in the pit area. For this purpose, as shown in figure 4, the installation platform 51 will be joined on its underside with the drive 16. This joint can be produced, for example, simply and reliably by means of a screw joint.
    [0036] After assembling the installation platform, the other set of counterweight and cabin conductor rails 22, 32 will be mounted from the platform in a vertical direction aligned on the first set of conductor rails 21, 31 on a respective wall side of pit 1. Also, in this other set of conductor rails, 22, 32, the respective conductor rails 22, 32 are secured by means of loops 26 on the side walls. Preferably, this further set of conductor rails 22, 32 will be lifted via the drive 14 to the respective mounting position.
    [0037] From figure 4 it can be seen why two other sets of conductor rails 22, 32, 23, 33 were already provided in the lower area 4 of pit 1. In the lowest working position of the installation platform, conductor rails , generally with a length of approximately 5 meters, cannot be introduced in an easy way, through the opening of the pit of the lowest floor 2.1, inside the pit 1.
    [0038] In another step according to figure 5, the counterweight frame 41 will be moved by the drive 14 from the lower loading position to a higher unloading position, at the end of the counterweight conductor rails 21, 22 already assembled. When the unloading position is reached, the counterweight frame 41 will be attached to the counterweight conductor rails 22. For example, the counterweight frame 41 may be attached to a crossmember that was previously mounted in the terminal area of the counterweight conductor rails. This makes it possible to separate the counterweight frame 41 from the drive 14. Advantageously, the drive 14 can then be used for unloading the conductor rails 23, 33 as well as for lifting the conductor rails 23, 33 into a mounting position.
    [0039] Correspondingly, the installation platform 51, by means of the drive 16, will be moved to a second working position in the terminal area of the cab conductor rails 31, 32. In this second working position, an assembler can mount on the respective walls of the pit 1, for example the additional set of conductor tracks 23, 33, vertically aligned with respect to the already mounted conductor tracks 21, 31, 22, 32.
    [0040] From figure 5 it can be seen that in the second upper working position of the installation platform 51, other conductor rails can be introduced into the well in a simple way from the lower floor 2.1, being available in the lower region 4 for a backloading counterweight frame 41 now unloaded.
    [0041] Figure 6 shows an example of execution of the counterweight frame 41. The counterweight frame comprises, according to this example of execution, two lateral supports 42, 43 that interconnect a beam 46 and a lower beam 44. The beam The bottom 44 is configured in such a way that it has a base plate on which an elevator component can be safely deposited and has side walls that prevent an elevator component from sliding off the base plate. The upper beam 46, in turn, has an eyelet here in order to simply and securely attach the counterweight frame 41 to the lifting device 13, 14. Furthermore, the beam 46 ensures that a component of the elevator cannot laterally topple backwards.
    [0042] A central beam 45 is mounted on side supports 42, 43 in such a way that it can be easily removed during loading in order to allow easy loading of the counterweight frame 41 and after loading it can also be easily attached to the supports sides 42, 43 in order to prevent a forward tipping of an elevator component.
    [0043] Finally, the counterweight frame 41 has conductive elements 47, which here are configured as sliding conductive shoes.
    [0044] Figure 7 shows an example of execution of the installation platform 51. The installation platform 51 comprises three partial modules, that is, a basic platform 52 with a parapet 53 that limits the occupancy face of the basic platform 52, a guideway extension 55 and a roof construction 54. The guideway extension 55 can be mounted on the base platform 52 and induces conducting forces in a stabilized lower area of the cab guide rails 31, 32. This makes it possible to move the installation platform 5 up to highest possible working position. The displacement of the installation platform 51 on the conductor rails of the cabin 31, 32 is ensured through the conductive elements 56, 57. The first mentioned conductive elements 56 are provided on the basic platform 52, while the last mentioned conductive elements 57 are arranged on the conductive extension 55. The conductive elements shown here 56, 57 are configured as sliding conductive shoes. Finally, the roof construction 54 offers assemblers protection against falling objects.
    [0045] The installation method should not be restricted to the last execution example shown.
    [0046] On the contrary, for example, the counterweight frame 41 can be used as a material conveyor also in conjunction with installation platforms, fixedly mounted in the pit. On each floor 2.1, 2.2, 2.n, an installation platform can be provided that provides access from a well entrance. With the counterweight frame 31, elevator components such as the counterweight and cabin guide rails 23, 33 can be transported on an installation platform provided for subsequent assembly of the elevator component. It must be considered that the installation platforms have a distance from a well wall that is sufficient for a displacement of the counterweight frame 41. Preferably, the marginal area of the installation platform has a parapet projected at the distance of said space free. In this way, it is ensured that assemblers working on the respective installation platform cannot fall into the free space of the pit.
    [0047] Of course, with the counterweight frame 41, not only counterweight and cabin conductor rails 23, 33 can be transported, but all elevator components intended for assembly in the shaft, such as shaft doors or parts, traction means, drives, electronics, safety set, sensors, etc. Preferably, the counterweight frame 41, in a loading position in the lower area 3 of the shaft 1, will be loaded with an elevator component and through the lifting device is moved to an unloading position. Naturally, these elevator components will be mounted in shaft 1 in a planned mounting position.
    [0048] Finally, the assembly of the lifting device can also be carried out differently from the execution example shown. Thus, for example, the drive 14 can be configured as a drum drive which is fixedly arranged in the upper area 3 of the shaft 1. In this case, the drive, according to the desired direction of travel of the counterweight frame 41, winds or unwinds. the supporting medium on the drum. Alternatively, the drive can also be configured as a traction drive, fixedly arranged in the upper area and which, through a propelling disk or similar unit, transfers a traction to the supporting means. In this case, the counterweight frame 41 may be suspended from the support means in any conceivable suspension relationship. Depending on the payload and spatial conditions, the specialist will be able to employ a lifting device configured to his specific needs in order to move the counterweight frame 41.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [0001]
    1. Installation method for an elevator with the following steps, - providing a counterweight frame (41) which is configured to be moved along counterweight conducting rails (21); - providing an installation platform (51) which is configured to be moved along cab conductor rails (33); and - loading the counterweight frame (41) with at least one elevator component; characterized in that it comprises - a displacement of the counterweight frame (41) towards the installation platform (51), independently of the installation platform (51).
    [0002]
    2. Installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the additional steps, - suspension of a lifting device, comprising a support means (13) and a drive (14) in the upper area (3) of a displacement area (1) provided for the elevator; - mounting at least a first set of counterweight conducting rails (21) on the frame which limits the area of travel (1), especially a shaft wall; - mounting a counterweight frame (41) driven on the at least first set of counterweight conducting rails (21); - loading the counterweight frame (41) with at least one elevator component, especially with a second set of weight-conducting rails (23); - suspension of the counterweight frame (41) on the lifting device; - moving the counterweight frame (41) by means of the lifting device to an unloading position; - unloading the at least one elevator component from the counterweight frame (41); and - mounting the at least one component of the elevator on the structure that limits the area of displacement (1).
    [0003]
    3. Installation method according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises the following additional step, - fixing the counterweight frame (41) in the terminal area of the at least first set of counterweight conductive rails (21) after reach the discharge position.
    [0004]
    4. Installation method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it comprises the following additional step, - suspension of the lifting device of the counterweight frame (41) on an elevator component, especially a counterweight conductor rail (23) of the second set of counterweight conductive rails (23) in the discharge position; and - lifting the elevator component or counterweight guide rail (23) to the area of a mounting position.
    [0005]
    5. Installation method according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises the following additional step, - providing a third set of counterweight conductive rails (22) in the lower displacement area (4) for subsequent mounting on the structure .
    [0006]
    6. Installation method according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises the following additional step, - mounting at least a first set of cab conductor rails (31) on the structure.
    [0007]
    7. Installation method according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises the following step, - providing a second set of cab conductor rails (32) in the lower displacement area (3) for subsequent mounting on the structure.
    [0008]
    8. Installation method according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises the following step, - loading the counterweight frame (41) with a third set of cab conductor rails (33) for subsequent mounting on the structure.
    [0009]
    9. Installation method according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises the following additional steps, - suspension of another lifting device, comprising a support means (15) and a drive (16) in the upper area (3 ) of the displacement area (1); - mounting an installation platform (51) driven on the at least one first set of cab conductor rails (31); - joining the other lifting device to the installation platform (51); and - moving the installation platform (51) by means of the other lifting device to a working position.
    [0010]
    10. Installation method according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises the following additional steps, - suspension of the lifting device on a cabin conductor rail (33) of the third set of cabin conductor rails (33) in the discharge position; and; - lifting the cab conductor rail (33) from the third set of cab conductor rails (33) to the area of a mounting position.
    [0011]
    11. Installation method according to any one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that it comprises the following additional steps, - automatic displacement of the counterweight frame (41) by means of the lifting device to an upper or lower end position at least one set of counterweight conductive rails (21, 22) to a corresponding upper or lower end switch; - actuation of the corresponding upper or lower terminal switch through the counterweight frame (41) when the upper or lower terminal position is reached; and - turning off the lifting device upon activation of the corresponding upper or lower terminal switch.
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    KR102151293B1|2020-09-03|
    SG11201504487QA|2015-07-30|
    RU2644074C2|2018-02-07|
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    法律状态:
    2018-11-21| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-04-07| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-08-24| B07A| Application suspended after technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-11-16| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2022-01-25| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 03/12/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP12198106.2A|EP2746210A1|2012-12-19|2012-12-19|Installation method for a lift|
    EP12198106.2|2012-12-19|
    PCT/EP2013/075386|WO2014095348A1|2012-12-19|2013-12-03|Installation method for a lift|
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