• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    REPLACABLE CUTTING HEAD, CUTTING TOOL, AND TOOL DOOR. A replaceable cutting head (22) is described which includes a front cutting portion (26) and a rear mounting portion (28). The mounting portion includes a male coupling element (40) that protrudes behind a base surface (42). The male coupling element includes rear circumferentially spaced head fasteners (44), where each head fastener has a peripheral surface of the head (46) that spirals inwards in a direction against the direction of rotation (R) and diverges. A tool holder (24) includes a female coupling element (52) that extends backwards; a front surface of the support (54). The female coupling element includes behind the circumferentially spaced support fasteners (56), where each support fastener has a peripheral surface of the support (58) that diverges backwards. When a cutting tool (20), which includes said cutting head and tool holder, is in a locked position, the male coupling element of the replaceable cutting head is removably retained within the female coupling element of the tool holder by through a self-locking mechanism.
    公开号:BR112015012866B1
    申请号:R112015012866-1
    申请日:2013-11-28
    公开日:2020-08-25
    发明作者:Gil Hecht
    申请人:Iscar Ltd.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] [001] The subject matter of the present application refers to cutting tools of the type in which a cutting head, having a male coupling element, is removably retained in a female coupling element, of a tool holder, by means of a self-locking mechanism. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0002] [002] Cutting tools can be provided with a coupling mechanism to securely retain a replaceable cutting head in a tool holder.
    [0003] [003] The replaceable cutting head may include a male coupling element and the tool holder may include a female coupling element.
    [0004] [004] In some such cutting tools, the male coupling element is an external thread and the female coupling element is an internal thread. An example of a cutting tool like this is described, for example, in US 6,494,648.
    [0005] [005] In other such cutting tools, the cutting tool may include surfaces that extend radially conjugated on the replaceable cutting head and on the tool holder to apply a torque force from the tool holder to the replaceable cutting head. Examples of such cutting tools are described in US 7,407,350, WO 2011/021275 and US 2012/0155978.
    [0006] [006] In still other such cutting tools, the cutting tool can be devoid of said conjugated surfaces that extend radially in the replaceable cutting head and in the tool holder. An example of such a cutting tool is described, for example, in US 6,276,879.
    [0007] [007] It is an objective of the subject matter of the present application to provide a cutting tool with an improved device for coupling a replaceable cutting head to a tool holder.
    [0008] [008] It is an additional objective of the subject matter of the present application to provide a cutting tool with coupling mechanism between a replaceable cutting head and a tool holder with an improved positioning of the replaceable cutting head in relation to the tool holder when in a position locked. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [0009] [009] According to a first aspect of the subject matter of the present application, a replaceable cutting head is provided for rotary cutting operations, with a longitudinal geometric axis of the head around which the replaceable cutting head rotates in one direction of rotation, the longitudinal geometric axis of the head projecting in a forward and backward direction, comprising: a front portion forming a cutting portion and a rear portion forming an assembly portion; the cutting portion comprising: a plurality of cutting elements projecting radially with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head; and the mounting portion comprising a male coupling element protruding behind a base surface, the base surface projecting transversely with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head, and defining a boundary between the cutting portion and the portion mounting, and the male coupling element comprising: three circumferentially spaced head fasteners, each head fastener comprising a peripheral surface of the head spiraling inwards in a direction against the direction of rotation and diverging backwards with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head.
    [0010] [0010] In accordance with an additional aspect of the subject matter of the present application, a cutting tool is also provided comprising: a replaceable cutting head; and a tool holder, with a longitudinal geometric axis of the holder projecting in the forward and backward direction, comprising a female coupling element projecting behind a front surface of the holder, the front surface of the holder projecting transversely with In relation to the longitudinal geometric axis of the support, the female coupling element comprising: three circumferentially spaced support fasteners, each support fastener comprising a peripheral surface of the lowered support diverging backwards with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the support; and a rear surface of the support projecting transversely with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the support and intercepting each fixing element of the support; on what the male coupling element further comprises a rear surface, the rear surface intersecting the rearmost portion of each head fastening element; and the replaceable shaving head is rotatable between a released position and a locked position, where, in the locked position: the male coupling element is removably retained in the female coupling element; each of the peripheral surfaces of the head rests on a peripheral surface of the corresponding support; the base surface rests on the front surface of the support; and the rear surface is spaced from the rear surface of the support.
    [0011] [0011] According to a further aspect of the subject matter of the present application, a tool holder with a longitudinal geometric axis projecting in a front-to-back direction and a direction of rotation around the longitudinal geometric axis is also provided, the tool holder comprising: a female coupling element projecting behind a front surface of the support, the front surface of the support projecting transversely with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the support, the female coupling element comprising: three circumferentially spaced support fasteners, each support fastener comprising a lowered peripheral surface of the support diverging backwards with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the support, where: each peripheral surface of the support spirals inwards in a direction against the direction of rotation; and each peripheral surface of the holder is formed as a cutout of a fastening element of the corresponding holder and out of sight in a front view of the tool holder along the longitudinal geometric axis; and a rear surface of the support projecting transversely with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the support and intercepting each fixing element of the support.
    [0012] [0012] It is understood that what has been said is a summary, and that the features described below may be applicable in any combination in the subject matter of this application, for example, any of the following features may be applicable to the replaceable cutting head or the cutting tool:
    [0013] [0013] A first angle α can be formed between the longitudinal geometric axis of the head and a tangential line at any point on each peripheral surface of the head, where the first angle is in the range of 35 ° <α <55 °.
    [0014] [0014] The first angle can be a 45 ° angle.
    [0015] [0015] In each cross section of the male coupling element considered in a plane through the peripheral surface of the head and perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head, each peripheral surface of the head can be in a spiral, with a center of the spiral, each surface peripheral head may form a portion of the spiral.
    [0016] [0016] The two end points of each portion of the spiral may subtend an angle β of the peripheral surface in relation to the center of the spiral, where the angle β of the peripheral surface can be in the range of 30 ° <β <60 °.
    [0017] [0017] Each center of the spiral can be coincident with the longitudinal geometric axis of the head.
    [0018] [0018] Each spiral can be an Archimedean spiral.
    [0019] [0019] The pitch angle of each portion of the spiral can be less than 30 °.
    [0020] [0020] The peripheral surfaces of the head can serve as spiral driven surfaces by applying torque transmission to the replaceable cutting head. The cutting portion can be devoid of a surface facing the direction of rotation which can serve as a driven surface to apply torque transmission to the replaceable cutting head.
    [0021] [0021] The peripheral surfaces of the head can serve as spiral driven surfaces by applying torque transmission to the replaceable cutting head. The mounting portion can be devoid of a surface facing the direction of rotation which can serve as a driven surface by applying torque transmission to the replaceable cutting head.
    [0022] [0022] The male coupling element can be devoid of a resilience slit.
    [0023] [0023] The base surface can be perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head.
    [0024] [0024] In an end view perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head, an imaginary circle of the cutting portion that circumscribes the cutting portion has a maximum diameter of the cutting portion. The maximum diameter of the cutting portion can be greater than or equal to 25 mm.
    [0025] [0025] An imaginary circle of the base surface that circumscribes a larger dimension of the base surface, considered perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head, has a maximum diameter of the base surface. An imaginary circle of the male coupling element that circumscribes the largest dimension of the male coupling element, considered perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head, has a maximum diameter of the male coupling element and the maximum diameter of the base surface can be at least one and a half times the maximum diameter of the male coupling element.
    [0026] [0026] Measured in the forward direction along the longitudinal geometric axis of the head from the base surface, the cutting portion has a maximum length of the cutting portion. Measured in the backward direction along the longitudinal geometric axis of the head from the base surface, the mounting portion has a maximum length of the mounting portion. The maximum length of the cutting portion can be at least two and a half times greater than the maximum length of the mounting portion.
    [0027] [0027] Measured in the backward direction along the longitudinal geometric axis of the head from the base surface, the mounting portion has a maximum length of the mounting portion. An imaginary circle of the base surface that circumscribes a larger dimension of the base surface, considered perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head, has a maximum diameter of the base surface. The maximum diameter of the base surface can be at least three times greater than the maximum length of the mounting portion.
    [0028] [0028] The male coupling element can exhibit rotational symmetry 3 times around the longitudinal geometric axis of the head.
    [0029] [0029] The replaceable cutting head comprises a construction in a single integral part.
    [0030] [0030] Each peripheral surface of the head may be on a portion of the curved surface of an associated imaginary irregular cone. The cone can have a spiral-shaped base surface.
    [0031] [0031] The male coupling element may additionally comprise a rear surface. The rear surface can intercept the rearmost portion of each head fastener.
    [0032] [0032] The rear surface can be perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head.
    [0033] [0033] Each head fixing element can additionally include a chamfered surface, each chamfered surface can extend between its respective peripheral surface of the head and the rear surface and can converge backwards with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head.
    [0034] [0034] Each head fixing element can additionally include a concave surface, projecting between the base surface and each peripheral surface of the head.
    [0035] [0035] The tool holder may additionally comprise a surface of the support rod that can extend behind the front surface of the support. The female coupling element can open to the surface of the support rod on three circumferentially spaced fluted surfaces of the support. The front surface of the support comprises three spaced portions.
    [0036] [0036] Each peripheral surface of the support can spiral inward in a direction against the direction of rotation.
    [0037] [0037] The longitudinal geometric axis of the head can be coaxial with the longitudinal geometric axis of the support.
    [0038] [0038] The peripheral portion of the front surface of the support may include a projecting surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    [0039] [0039] For a better understanding of this application and to show how it can be done in practice, reference will now be made to the attached drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a front perspective view of a cutting tool; Fig. 2 is an exploded rear perspective view of the cutting tool shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a rear perspective view of a replaceable cutting head shown in Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 4 is a front perspective view of the replaceable cutting head shown in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a front view of the replaceable cutting head shown in Figs. 3; Fig. 6 is a side view of the replaceable cutting head shown in Figs. 3; Fig. 7 is a rear view of the replaceable cutting head in Figs. 3; Fig. 8 is a side view of a male coupling element shown in Fig. 6; Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX shown in Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is a front perspective view of a tool holder shown in Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 11 is a front view of the tool holder shown in Fig. 10; Fig. 12 is a side view of the tool holder shown in Figs. 10 and 11; Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIIV-XIIV shown in Fig. 12; Fig. 14 is a side view of the cutting tool shown in Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XV -XV shown in Fig. 14 when the cutting tool is in a released position; and Fig. 16 is a cross section seen along line XV -XV shown in Fig. 14 when the cutting tool is in a locked position.
    [0040] [0040] It is noticed that, for the sake of simplicity and clarity of illustration, elements shown in the figures were not necessarily drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements may be exaggerated in relation to other elements for the sake of clarity, or several physical components may be included in a functional block or element. Where deemed appropriate, reference numbers may be repeated between figures to indicate corresponding or similar elements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0041] [0041] In the following description, several aspects of the subject matter of the present application will be described. For the purpose of explanation, configurations and specific details are presented in sufficient detail to provide a complete understanding of the subject matter of the present application. However, it will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that the subject matter of the present application can be practiced without the specific configurations and details presented here.
    [0042] [0042] Attention first turns to Figs. 1 and 2, showing a cutting tool 20 of the type used for milling operations, in particular, end milling, according to the modalities of the subject matter of the present application. The cutting tool 20 has a replaceable cutting head 22 that has a longitudinal geometric axis of the head A, around which the replaceable cutting head 22 rotates in a direction of rotation R. The replaceable cutting head 22 can typically be made cemented carbide. The longitudinal geometric axis of head A extends in a direction from front DF to rear DR. The cutting tool 20 also has a tool holder 24. Tool holder 24 can typically be made of steel. The replaceable cutting head 22 can be removably retained in the tool holder 24 by means of a coupling mechanism. A coupling mechanism like this could possibly be advantageous for other types of rotary cutting operations in addition to those already stated here, such as, for example, cracking or chamfering.
    [0043] [0043] It should be noted that the use of the terms "forward" and "backward" in the description and claims refers to a relative position in a direction from the longitudinal geometric axis of head A to the left and right, respectively, in Figs. 6, 8, 12 and 14.
    [0044] [0044] Reference is now made to Figs. 3 to 7. The replaceable cutting head 22 has a front portion that forms a cutting portion 26 and a rear portion that forms a mounting portion 28. According to some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the replaceable cutting head 22 can be formed from a construction in a unitary integral part. This provides an advantage in that the replaceable cutting head 22 has no detachable cutting inserts (not shown). Such detachable cutting inserts can be replaced periodically and this can be a lengthy procedure. There is also a possibility that threaded screws (not shown), for example, that can be used to releasably detach the detachable cutting inserts in the replaceable cutting head 22 may be misplaced and / or become loose during the exchange operation .
    [0045] [0045] As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the cutting portion 26 includes a plurality of cutting elements 30 extending radially with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A. According to some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, each cutting element 30 can include a relief surface 32, an exit surface 34 and a cutting edge 36 at the intersection of these. The cutting edge 36 can extend in a generally parallel direction on the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A. The relief surface 32 can be located circumferentially behind the cutting edge 36 and the outlet surface 34 can be located circumferentially for front of the cutting edge 36, both with respect to the direction of rotation R. The orientation of the cutting edge 36 with respect to the direction of rotation R allows metal cutting operations to be performed. Each cutting element 30 may include a fluted surface of the head 38 for evacuating chips (not shown) that are produced during the cutting operation.
    [0046] [0046] According to some modalities of the subject matter of the present application, the cutting portion 26 can be devoid of a surface that is turned against the direction of rotation R which serves as a driven surface to apply torque transmission to the cutting head replaceable 22.
    [0047] [0047] Referring now to Fig. 5, in an end view perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A, an imaginary circle of the cutting portion Ccp that circumscribes the cutting portion 26 has a maximum diameter of the cutting portion DEP . In this non-limiting example, the maximum diameter of the DCP cutting portion can be greater than or equal to 25 mm. This is particularly applicable to a replaceable cutting head 22 used for a milling operation. In another non-limiting example, the maximum diameter of the DCP cutting portion can be less than 25 mm.
    [0048] [0048] Referring now to Figs. 3 and 6, the mounting portion 28 includes a male coupling element 40 which protrudes behind a base surface 42. The base surface 42 extends transversely with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A and defines one boundary between the cutting portion 26 and the mounting portion 28. That is, the cutting portion 26 is formed in front of the base surface 42 and the mounting portion 28 is formed behind the base surface 42. From according to some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the male coupling element can be rigid. The base surface 42 can be perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A. The base surface 42 serves to support a corresponding surface on the tool holder 24 when the cutting tool 20 is in a locked position, as will be described below.
    [0049] [0049] Reference is now made to Figs. 3, 4, 7 and 9. The male coupling element 40 includes three circumferentially spaced head fasteners 44. Each head fastener 44 includes a peripheral surface of the head 46 that spirals inward in a direction against the direction of rotation R. placed differently, in each cross section of the male coupling element 40 considered in a plane on the peripheral surface of the head 46 and perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A, a first point pI on any peripheral surface of the head 46 is closer to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A than to a second point p2 on the same peripheral surface of the head 46, the second point P2 being circumferentially arranged further in the direction of rotation R in relation to the first point P1. Each peripheral surface of the head 46 diverges backwards with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A. Put differently, each peripheral surface of the head 46 in general faces forward direction so that the male coupling element 40 has a general dovetail shape in which the head fastening elements 44 extend radially from a central portion of the male coupling element 40.
    [0050] [0050] It should be noted that the use of the terms "inward" and "outward" in the description and claims refers to a relative position in a radial direction in relation to the longitudinal geometric axis of head A and / or geometric axis longitudinal support C inwards and outwards, respectively, in Figs. 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 and 16.
    [0051] [0051] Due to the configuration of the male coupling element 40, an improved coupling mechanism is provided where each peripheral surface of the head 46 is designed to rest on a corresponding surface in the tool holder 24 when the cutting tool 20 is in a position locked, as will be described below, in order to provide a very restricted coupling of the replaceable cutting head 22 and tool holder 24. It is noted that a male coupling element 40 with exactly two male fasteners 44 provides a coupling where the replaceable cutting head 22 is sub-restricted.
    [0052] [0052] As shown in Fig. 8, according to some modalities of the subject matter of the present application, a first angle α is formed between the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A and a tangential line T at any point on each peripheral surface of the head 46. The first angle α can be greater than or equal to 35 ° and less than or equal to 55 °. In particular, the first angle α can be constant and has a value of 45 °.
    [0053] [0053] According to some modalities of the subject matter of the present application, each peripheral surface of the head 46 can be on a portion of the curved surface of an associated imaginary irregular cone, where the cone has a spiral-shaped base surface (not shown) ).
    [0054] [0054] Referring now to Fig. 9, according to some modalities of the subject matter of the present application, in each cross section of the male coupling element 40 considered in a plane on the peripheral surface of the head 46 and perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A, each peripheral surface of the head 46 can be in a spiral S, which has a center of the spiral Sc. Each peripheral surface of the head 46 can form a portion of the SP spiral. The two endpoints of each portion of the spiral SP can form a first and second endpoint PE1, PE2, the first endpoint PE1 being circumferentially backward than the second endpoint PE2 with respect to the direction of rotation R. The two end points PE1, PE2 are the points furthest from each other on the same portion of the SP spiral. It can be equivalently established, since each portion of the spiral SP is on the peripheral surface of the head 46, that the first and second end points PE1, PE2 are formed at the ends of each peripheral surface of the head 46, in each said cross section . The two end points PE1, PE2 can subtend an angle β of the peripheral surface in relation to the center of the spiral SC. The β angle of the peripheral surface can be greater than or equal to 30 ° and less than or equal to 60 °. Each S spiral can be an Archimedean spiral. The pitch angle δ of each portion of the SP spiral can be less than 30 °. Each center of the SC spiral can be coincident with the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A. The pitch angle δ determines the magnitude of the force that has to be applied in order to self-lock the replaceable cutting head 22 in the tool holder 24. You must realize that the use of the terms "pitch angle" in the description and claims refers to the angle that the spiral makes with circles centered in the center of the SC spiral.
    [0055] [0055] According to some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the male coupling element 40 may additionally include a rear surface 48. The rear surface 48 can intercept the most rear portion of each head fixing element 44. The surface rear 48 can be perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of head A. As is best shown in Figs. 8, each head fastening element 44 can additionally include a chamfered surface 50. Each chamfered surface 50 can extend between its respective peripheral surface of the head 46 and the rear surface 48, and can converge backwards with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A. The chamfered surface 50 may have a frustoconical shape. The chamfered surface 50 is for guiding the male coupling element 40 to the correct position within a corresponding female coupling element. As seen in Fig. 6, each head fastening element 44 may additionally include a concave surface 66, projecting between the base surface 42 and each peripheral surface of the head 46.
    [0056] [0056] Referring now to Fig. 7, according to some modalities of the subject matter of the present application, an imaginary circle of the CBS base surface that circumscribes a larger dimension of the base surface 42, considered perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A, can have a maximum diameter of the DBS base surface. An imaginary circle of the CMCM male coupling element that circumscribes a larger dimension of the male coupling element 40, considered perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A, can have a maximum diameter of the DMCM male coupling element. The maximum diameter of the DBS base surface can be at least one and a half times the maximum diameter of the DMCM male coupling element.
    [0057] [0057] Referring now to Fig. 6, according to some modalities of the subject matter of the present application, measured in the direction of the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A, the cutting portion 26 has a maximum length of the cutting portion LCP and the mounting portion 28 has a maximum length of the LMP mounting portion. The maximum length of the cutting portion LCP is measured in the forward direction DP from the base surface 42 to the point beyond the cutting head. The maximum length of the LMP mounting portion is measured in the rearward direction DR from the base surface 42 to the rear surface 48. The maximum length of the LCP cutting portion can be at least two and a half times greater than the maximum length of the LMP mounting portion. This is particularly applicable when the replaceable cutting head 22 is intended for milling operation. In another non-limiting example, the maximum length of the LCP cutting portion may be less than two and a half times greater than the maximum length of the LMP mounting portion. This is particularly applicable when the replaceable cutting head is intended for a slotting or chamfering operation. The maximum diameter of the DBS base surface can be at least three times greater than the maximum length of the LMP mounting portion.
    [0058] [0058] According to some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the peripheral surfaces of the head 46 can serve as spiral driven surfaces by applying torque transmission to the replaceable cutting head 22. The mounting portion 28 can be devoid of a surface which faces the direction of rotation R which serves as a driven surface to provide torque transmission in the replaceable cutting head 22.
    [0059] [0059] According to some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the male coupling element 40 can be devoid of a resilience slit. Referring now to Figs. 7, the male coupling element 40 can exhibit rotational symmetry three times around the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A. In this non-limiting example, the number of cutting elements 30 can also be three. Also in this non-limiting example, the replaceable cutting head 22 can exhibit rotational symmetry three times around the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A.
    [0060] [0060] Another aspect of the subject matter of the present application includes the cutting tool 20 which has the replaceable cutting head 22 and the tool holder 24. The male coupling element 40 of the replaceable cutting head 22 includes a rear surface 48. The rear surface 48 intersects the rearmost portion of each head fixing element 44. Referring now to Figs. 10 to 12, the tool holder 24 has a longitudinal geometric axis of the support C which extends from the front DF to the rear DR. The tool holder 24 includes a female coupling element 52 that extends behind a front surface of the holder 54. The front surface of the holder 54 extends transversely with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the holder C. The female coupling element 52 includes three circumferentially spaced support fasteners 56. Each support fastener 56 includes a peripheral surface of the recessed support 58 that diverges back from the longitudinal geometric axis of support C. Differently positioned, each peripheral surface of the support lowered support 58 is generally facing the DR rear direction. As seen in Figs. 11 and 12, each peripheral surface of the holder 58 is formed as a cutout of a fastening element of the corresponding holder 56 and thus remains out of sight in a front view of the tool holder 24 along the longitudinal geometric axis C. The coupling element female 52 includes a rear surface of the support 60 which extends transversely with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the support C and which intersects each fixing element of the support 56.
    [0061] [0061] Referring now to Fig. 13, according to some modalities of the subject matter of the present application, in each cross section of the female coupling element 52 considered in a plane of the peripheral surface of the support 58 and perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the support C, the two female endpoints on the same peripheral surface of the support 58 form a first and second female endpoints FPE1, FPE2, the first female endpoint FPE1 being circumferentially backward than the second female endpoint FPE2 in relation to the direction of rotation R. The two female end points FPE1, FPE2 are the points furthest apart from each other on the same peripheral surface of the support 58 in each cross section of the female coupling element 52 considered in a plane on the peripheral surface of the support 58 and perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of support C.
    [0062] [0062] Referring now to Figs. 15 and 16, the replaceable cutting head 20 is rotatable between a released position and a locked position. In the locked position, the male coupling element 40 is removably retained in the female coupling element 52. As best shown in Figs. 14 and 16, each of the peripheral surfaces of the head 46 rests on a peripheral surface of the corresponding support 58. The base surface 42 rests on the front surface of the support 54. The rear surface 48 is spaced from the rear surface of the support 60 .
    [0063] [0063] Additionally, in a locked position, according to some modalities of the subject matter of the present application, in each cross section of the cutting tool 40 perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A considered in a plane on the peripheral surface of the head 46 and peripheral surface of the support 58, each first endpoint PE1 on the peripheral surface of the head 46 can be spaced from the first female endpoint FPE1 on its peripheral surface of the associated support 58. Each second endpoint PE2 on the peripheral surface of the head 46 can be adjacent to the second female endpoint FPE2 on its peripheral surface of the associated support 58. It should be noted that the use of the terms "associated" in the description in relation to the peripheral surfaces of the head 46 and the peripheral surfaces of the support 58 refer to the peripheral surface of the head 46 and the peripheral surface of the support 58 which support each other when the tool cutting edge 20 is in the locked position.
    [0064] [0064] According to some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the tool holder 24 may additionally include a surface of the support rod 62 which extends behind the front surface of the support 54. In this non-limiting example, the female coupling 52 can open to the surface of the support rod 62 on three fluted surfaces of the circumferentially spaced support 64. In this case, the front surface of the support 54 can be formed of three spaced portions. In another non-limiting example, the female coupling element 52 cannot open to the surface of the support rod 62. Put differently, the female coupling element 52 is closed. In this case, the front surface of the support 54 can be formed of a single continuous portion.
    [0065] [0065] As best seen in Fig. 13, according to some modalities of the subject matter of the present application, each peripheral surface of the support 58 can spiral inwards in a direction against the direction of rotation R. The longitudinal geometric axis of the head A can be coaxial with the longitudinal geometric axis of the support C. The peripheral portion of the front surface of the support 54 can include a projecting surface 68. Set differently, the projecting surface 68 protrudes in a forward direction DF from of the front surface of the support 54. The projecting surface 68 is to ensure that the support of the base surface 42 with the front surface of the support 54 occurs on a peripheral portion of the front surface of the support 54 in order to provide a solid support surface, and not, for example, in an area close to the longitudinal geometric axis of support C.
    [0066] [0066] Another aspect of the subject matter of the present application includes a tool holder 24 in the manner previously defined herein. Each peripheral surface of support 58 spirals inwards in a direction against the direction of rotation R.
    [0067] [0067] The cutting tool 20 is assembled by performing the following steps. The male coupling element 40 is inserted into the female coupling element 52 in such a way that each head fastening element 44 is located axially forward and circumferentially between each adjacent pair of support fastening elements 56 (as best seen in Fig . 15). The replaceable cutting head 22 is then moved backwards until the base surface 42 initially contacts the front surface of the holder 54. It should be noted that the head fasteners 44 and the fastener fasteners 56 they are designed so that there is adequate space between each pair of adjacent holder fasteners 56 to allow the placement of a head fastener 44. In this position, the cutting tool 20 is in a released position.
    [0068] [0068] It should be noted that, as seen in Fig. 15, in the released position, in each cross section of the cutting tool 40 perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of head A considered in a plane of the peripheral surface of the head 46 and the peripheral surface of the support 58, the distance from the first endpoint PE1 on each peripheral surface of the head 46 on the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A is less than the distance from the second corresponding female endpoint FPE2 on the peripheral surface of the associated support 58 on the longitudinal geometric axis from the head A. Due to the spiral shape of the peripheral surface of the head 46, the distance from the second endpoint PE2 on each peripheral surface of the head 46 on the longitudinal geometric axis of the head A is more than the distance from the corresponding first female endpoint FPE1 on a peripheral surface of the associated support 58 on the longitudinal geometric axis of head A.
    [0069] [0069] The replaceable cutting head 22 is rotated in one direction against the direction of rotation R, until each peripheral surface of the head 46 initially contacts a respective peripheral surface of the corresponding holder 58. Rotation of the replaceable cutting head 22 additionally in a direction against the direction of rotation R pushes the peripheral surfaces of the support 58, thereby forcing the corresponding support fasteners 56 to be elastically displaced in a radially outward direction with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the support C. This is attributed to the increase in the radius of the peripheral surface of the head 46. Consequently, the front surface of the support 54 is moved axially forward until it rests firmly on the base surface 42. The rear surface 48 is spaced from the rear surface of the support 60 In this locked position, a tight fit between the replaceable cutting head 22 and the tool holder to 24 is obtained. The coupling mechanism described here provides a self-locking between the replaceable cutting head 22 and the tool holder 24.
    [0070] [0070] It should be noted that the value of the pitch angle δ described here determines the amount of rotational force required to reach the locked position of the cutting tool 20. Put differently, as the pitch angle approaches 0 °, less force is required to rotate the replaceable cutting head 22 in the tool holder 24. However, more rotational displacement (for example, rotations and / or partial rotations) of the replaceable cutting head 24 is required to achieve a self-locking. Alternatively, as the pitch angle increases outside 0 °, more force is required to rotate the replaceable cutting head 22 in the tool holder 24. Furthermore, because the peripheral surfaces of the head 46 are spiral surfaces, the magnitude of the rotational force required to reach the locked position increases gradually and smoothly.
    [0071] [0071] It should also be noted that a feature of the subject matter of the present application is that the male and female coupling elements 40, 52 provide an improved coupling mechanism, in particular for large replaceable cutting heads 22, where the maximum diameter of the Dcp cutting portion can be greater than or equal to 25 mm.
    [0072] [0072] The design of the replaceable cutting head 22 and tool holder 24 according to the subject matter of the present application and, in particular, the shape and orientation of the peripheral surfaces of the head 46 and the peripheral surfaces of the support 58, ensure that the friction between these surfaces is sufficient to keep them in mutual support when the replaceable cutting head 22 and the tool holder 24 are coupled together. This allows a tight fit of the replaceable cutting head 22 and the tool holder 24 in a precisely established axial and radial mutual position. Consequently, the replaceable cutting head 22 is precisely positioned and securely retained in the tool holder 24 in a self-locking manner. It is understood from the foregoing that the peripheral surfaces of the head 46 are spiral driven surfaces applying torque transmission to the replaceable cutting head 22.
    [0073] [0073] Another feature of the subject matter of the present application is that the design of the male coupling element 40 allows the peripheral surface of the head 46 to be ground.
    [0074] [0074] Also another feature of the subject matter of the present application is that there is no requirement for a surface in the cutting portion 26 or in the mounting portion 28 that faces against the direction of rotation R and that serves as a driven surface to apply torque transmission in the replaceable cutting head 22.
    [0075] [0075] Another feature of the subject matter of the present application is that there is no requirement for a surface in the tool holder 24 that faces the direction of rotation R that serves as a conduction surface to provide torque transmission in the replaceable cutting head 22.
    [0076] [0076] Also another feature of the subject matter of the present application is that the size of the mounting portion 28 is small in relation to the size of the mounting portions of other cutting tools with a cutting portion of comparable size. Therefore, the manufacture of replaceable shaving heads 22, according to the subject matter of the present application requires less material.
    [0077] [0077] Although the subject matter of the present application has been described with a certain degree of particularity, it should be understood that various changes and modifications could be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention in the manner claimed below.
    权利要求:
    Claims (22)
    [0001]
    1. Replaceable cutting head (22), for rotary cutting operations, having a longitudinal geometric axis of the head (A) around which the replaceable cutting head (22) rotates in a direction of rotation (R), the axis longitudinal geometric shape of the head (A) projecting in a direction from front (DF) to back (DR), comprising: a front portion forming a cutting portion (26) and a rear portion forming a mounting portion (28); the cutting portion (26) comprising: a plurality of cutting elements (30) projecting radially with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head (A); and the mounting portion (28) comprising a male coupling element (40) protruding behind a base surface (42), the base surface (42) projecting transversely with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head ( A), and defining a limit between the cutting portion (26) and the mounting portion (28), the male coupling element (40) comprising: three circumferentially spaced head fasteners (44), characterized by the fact that each head fastener (44) comprises a peripheral surface of the head (46) spiraling inwards in a direction against the direction of rotation (R) and diverging backwards with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head (A).
    [0002]
    Replaceable cutting head (22) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that a first angle α is formed between the longitudinal geometric axis of the head (A) and a tangential line (T) at any point on each peripheral surface of the head (46), where the first angle α is in the range of 35 ° <α <55 °, preferably 45 °.
    [0003]
    Replaceable cutting head (22) according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that in each cross section of the male coupling element (40) considered in a plane on the peripheral surface of the head (46) and perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head (A), each peripheral surface of the head (46) is in a spiral (S), with a center of the spiral (SC), each peripheral surface of the head (46) forming a portion of the spiral (SP) .
    [0004]
    Replaceable cutting head (22) according to claim 3, characterized in that the two end points (PE1, PE2) of each portion of the spiral (SP) subtend an angle β of the peripheral surface in relation to the center of the spiral (SC), in which the β angle of the peripheral surface is in the range of 30 ° <β <60 °.
    [0005]
    Replaceable shaving head (22) according to either of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that: i) each center of the spiral (SC) coincides with the longitudinal geometric axis of the head (A); ii) each spiral (S) is an Archimedean spiral, and / or iii) the pitch angle (δ) of each portion of the spiral (SP) is less than 30 °.
    [0006]
    Replaceable shaving head (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the peripheral surfaces of the head (46) serve as spiral driven surfaces by applying torque transmission to the replaceable cutting head (22); and i) the cutting portion (26) is devoid of a surface turned against the direction of rotation (R) which serves as a driven surface to apply torque transmission to the replaceable cutting head (22), and / or ii) the mounting portion (28) is devoid of a surface facing against the direction of rotation (R) which serves as a driven surface for applying torque transmission to the replaceable cutting head (22).
    [0007]
    Replaceable cutting head (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the base surface (42) is perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head (A).
    [0008]
    Replaceable cutting head (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in an end view perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head (A), an imaginary circle of the cutting portion (CCP) that circumscribes the cutting portion (26) has a maximum diameter of the cutting portion (DCP); and the maximum diameter of the cutting part (DCP) is greater than or equal to 25mm.
    [0009]
    Replaceable shaving head (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: an imaginary circle of the base surface (CBS) that circumscribes a larger dimension of the base surface (42), considered perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head (A), has a maximum diameter of the base surface (DBS); an imaginary circle of the male coupling element (CMCM) that circumscribes a larger dimension of the male coupling element (40), considered perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head (A), has a maximum diameter of the male coupling element (DMCM); and the maximum diameter of the base surface (DBS) is at least one and a half times the maximum diameter of the male coupling element (DMCM).
    [0010]
    Replaceable shaving head (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: measured in the forward direction (DP) along the longitudinal geometric axis of the head (A) from the base surface (42), the cutting portion (26) has a maximum length of the cutting portion (LCP), measured in the backward direction (D) along the longitudinal geometric axis of the head (A) from the base surface (42), the mounting portion (28) has a maximum length of the mounting portion (LMP); and the maximum length of the cutting portion (LCP) is at least two and a half times greater than the maximum length of the mounting portion (LMP).
    [0011]
    Replaceable shaving head (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: measured in the backward direction (DP) along the longitudinal geometric axis of the head (A) from the base surface (42), the mounting portion (28) has a maximum length of the mounting portion (LMP); an imaginary circle of the base surface (CBS) that circumscribes a larger dimension of the base surface (42), considered perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head (A), has a maximum diameter of the base surface (DBS); and the maximum diameter of the base surface (DBS) is at least three times greater than the maximum length of the mounting portion (LMP).
    [0012]
    Replaceable cutting head (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the male coupling element (40) i) is free from a resilience crack, and / or ii) has rotational symmetry three times around the longitudinal geometric axis of the head (A), and / or it further comprises a rear surface (48), the rear surface (48) that intersects the rearmost portion of each head fastening element (44), where the rear surface (48) is perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head (THE).
    [0013]
    Replaceable cutting head (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it comprises a construction in a single integral part.
    [0014]
    Replaceable cutting head (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that each peripheral surface of the head (46) is on a portion of the curved surface of an associated imaginary irregular cone, the cone having a surface spiral-shaped base.
    [0015]
    Replaceable shaving head (22) according to claim 12, characterized in that: each head fastening element (44) additionally comprises a chamfered surface (50), projecting between the rear surface (48) and each peripheral surface of the head (46), and converging backwards with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the head (THE).
    [0016]
    Replaceable cutting head (22) according to claim 12, characterized in that each head fastening element (44) additionally comprises a concave surface (66), projecting between the base surface (42) and each peripheral surface of the head (46).
    [0017]
    Cutting tool (20), characterized by the fact that it comprises: a replaceable cutting head (22) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 16; and a tool holder (24), with a longitudinal geometric axis of the support (C) projecting from the front (DF) to the rear (DR) direction, comprising a female coupling element (52) projecting behind a front surface of the support (54), the front surface of the support (54) projecting transversely with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the support (C), the female coupling element (52) comprising: three circumferentially spaced support fasteners (56), each support fastener (56) comprising a peripheral recessed support surface (58) diverging backwards with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the support (C); and a rear surface of the support (60) projecting transversely with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the support (C) and intercepting each fixing element of the support (56); wherein the male coupling element (40) further comprises a rear surface (48), the rear surface (48) intercepting the rearmost portion of each head fastening element (44); and the replaceable cutting head (22) is rotatable between a released position and a locked position, where, in the locked position: the male coupling element (40) is removably retained in the female coupling element (52); each of the peripheral surfaces of the head (46) rests on a peripheral surface of the corresponding support (58); the base surface (42) rests on the front surface of the support (54); and the rear surface (48) is spaced from the rear surface of the support (60).
    [0018]
    Cutting tool (20) according to claim 17, characterized by the fact that: the tool holder (24) further comprises a surface of the support rod (62) projecting behind the front surface of the support (54); the female coupling element (52) opens to the surface of the support rod (62) on three circumferentially spaced fluted surfaces of the support (64); and the front surface of the support (54) comprises three spaced portions.
    [0019]
    Cutting tool (20) according to either of claims 17 or 18, characterized in that each peripheral surface of the support (58) spirals inwards in a direction against the direction of rotation (R).
    [0020]
    Cutting tool (20) according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the longitudinal geometric axis of the head (A) is coaxial with the longitudinal geometric axis of the support (C).
    [0021]
    Cutting tool (20) according to any one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the peripheral portion of the front surface of the support (54) comprises a projecting surface (68).
    [0022]
    Tool holder (24) with a longitudinal geometric axis (C) projecting from a forward direction (DF) to a backward direction (DR) and a direction of rotation (R) around the longitudinal geometric axis (C), characterized by the fact that the tool holder comprises: a female coupling element (52) projecting behind a front surface of the support (54), the front surface of the support (54) projecting transversely with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the support (C), the female coupling (52) comprising: three circumferentially spaced support fasteners (56), each support fastener (56) comprising a peripheral surface of the lowered support (58) diverging backwards with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the support (C), where: each peripheral surface of the support (58) spirals inwards in a direction against the direction of rotation (R); and each peripheral surface of the holder (58) is formed as a cutout of a corresponding holder fixture (56) and out of view in a front view of the tool holder (24) along the longitudinal geometric axis (C); and a rear surface of the support (60) projecting transversely with respect to the longitudinal geometric axis of the support (C) and intercepting each fixing element of the support (56).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN104853869B|2017-06-27|
    RU2648960C2|2018-03-28|
    US9409241B2|2016-08-09|
    JP2015536836A|2015-12-24|
    IL238753A|2018-01-31|
    RU2015128073A|2017-01-16|
    CA2891297A1|2014-06-19|
    US20140169892A1|2014-06-19|
    DE112013005984T5|2015-10-15|
    EP2931461A1|2015-10-21|
    JP6374880B2|2018-08-15|
    PL2931461T3|2017-03-31|
    KR101907732B1|2018-10-12|
    ES2606202T3|2017-03-23|
    EP2931461B1|2016-09-21|
    CA2891297C|2018-02-13|
    KR20150091478A|2015-08-11|
    PT2931461T|2016-11-16|
    BR112015012866A2|2017-07-11|
    CN104853869A|2015-08-19|
    WO2014091477A1|2014-06-19|
    IL238753D0|2015-06-30|
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    法律状态:
    2018-11-21| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2020-02-11| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-07-14| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2020-08-25| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 28/11/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US13/714,024|2012-12-13|
    US13/714,024|US9409241B2|2012-12-13|2012-12-13|Cutting tool and replaceable cutting head having spiral driven surfaces therefor|
    PCT/IL2013/050983|WO2014091477A1|2012-12-13|2013-11-28|Cutting tool and replaceable cutting head having spiral driven surfaces therefor|
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