NOZZLE FOR A GAS-COOLED PLASMA ARC TORCH AND PLASMA ARC TORCH

专利摘要:
plasma arc torch gas cooling devices and related systems and methods. The present invention relates, in certain aspects, to plasma arc torch nozzles comprising a nozzle body having a proximal end and a distal end defining a nozzle body length and a longitudinal axis. the body may comprise an exit orifice defined by the distal end; a pressure chamber extending from the proximal end to a floor of the pressure chamber, a distance from the floor of the chamber to the distal end defines the thickness of the floor of the pressure chamber, and a distance from the floor of the chamber to the proximal end defines a proximal end height; and an orifice extending from the floor of the chamber to the exit orifice with an orifice length and an orifice width. the nozzle body has a nozzle width in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis. the mouthpiece body has a length that is greater than the width and the ratio between the height of the proximal end and the thickness of the chamber floor is less than 2.0.
公开号:BR112015011042B1
申请号:R112015011042-8
申请日:2014-06-16
公开日:2022-01-04
发明作者:Yu Zhang；Zheng Duan；Michael F. Kornprobst；David Agan；Richard R. Gray Jr.；Lisa Nadeau；Nick Pecor；Shreyansh Patel
申请人:Hypertherm Inc；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

FIELD OF TECHNIQUE
[0001] The present invention relates generally to thermal cutting torches (eg plasma arc torches), and more specifically to devices for gas cooling in plasma arc torches and related systems and methods. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The basic components of modern conventional plasma arc torches include a torch body, an electrode (e.g. cathode) mounted inside the body, a nozzle (e.g. anode) with a central hole that can produce a pilot arc to the electrode to start a plasma arc in a suitable gas flow (eg air, nitrogen or oxygen) and electrical connections and passages for cooling, arc control fluids. Pilot arc generation can be via a high frequency, high voltage signal coupled to a DC power supply and plasma arc torch, or any of a variety of contact starting methods. In some configurations, a shield is fitted to the torch body to prevent metal from being scorched on the workpiece (sometimes work (sometimes referred to as slag) during the build-up processing of torch parts (e.g. the nozzle or electrode). Generally, the shield includes an outlet portion of the shield (also called a shield hole) that allows the plasma jet to pass through it. The shield may be mounted coaxially with the nozzle so that that the plasma output portion is aligned with the shield output portion.
[0003] The cooling capacity has been a limitation of previous models concerning plasma arc torches. For example, earlier models have required the use of other means of cooling, or coolers with a gas (e.g. water or other coolant) for torches operating at high current levels (e.g. 100 or 200 amps, or most). Most of these cooling methods may require cooling systems external to the torch (eg, which may include water supplies, reservoirs, heat exchange equipment, supply pumps, etc.). External cooling systems can increase the cost associated with the equipment, may require more maintenance, be vulnerable to spills, and, in some cases, may require elimination of the cooling medium. The issue of plasma arc torch cooling is more pronounced for higher current systems, as higher current systems can generate more heat and have higher cooling demands. In fact, commercially available plasma arc cutting torch systems that operate at more than about 100 amps typically use cooling systems that use a coolant (eg, water or glycol). However, other systems are possible. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] In some aspects, a nozzle for a gas-cooled plasma arc torch may include a nozzle body having a proximal end and a distal end defining a nozzle body length and a longitudinal axis, the body including ; an exit orifice defined by the distal end of the mouthpiece body; a pressure chamber within the mouthpiece body, the pressure chamber extending from the proximal end of the mouthpiece body to a pressure chamber at a distance from the floor of the chamber to the distal end defining a thickness of the floor of the mouthpiece pressure, and a distance from the floor of the chamber to the proximal end of the mouthpiece body defining a height from the proximal end; and a hole extending from the floor of the pressure chamber to the outlet orifice, the hole having a length and a width, wherein the nozzle body has a nozzle width in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis, wherein the length of the mouthpiece body is greater than the mouthpiece width, and where the ratio between the height of the proximal end and the thickness of the chamber floor is less than 2.0.
[0005] Modalities may include one or more of the following characteristics.
[0006] In some embodiments, the nozzle may also include a body flange at the proximal end of the nozzle body, an overall length of the nozzle defined by a distance from a proximal end of the nozzle body flange to an end face at the distal end of the mouthpiece such that the overall length of the mouthpiece is greater than the length of the mouthpiece body. In some cases, the body flange extends from about 0.05 to about 0.5 inches (0.127 to 1.27 cm) above the nozzle pressure chamber. In some cases, the height of the proximal end includes the body flange.
[0007] The length of the hole corresponds to the thickness of the floor of the pressure chamber. The hole may include a chamfer or countersunk hole. The hole width can vary along its length. The hole can have a chamfer or countersunk hole at each end of its length.
[0008] In some embodiments, the outlet hole may be on the end face of the nozzle.
[0009] In some embodiments, a ratio of hole length to nozzle body length may be greater than about 0.32.
[0010] In some embodiments, a pressure chamber side wall thickness is between an inner diameter of the pressure chamber and an outer diameter of the pressure chamber, and the ratio of the chamber side wall thickness to the width of the body of the nozzle is from about 0.15 to about 0.19. In some embodiments, a side wall of the pressure chamber may include one or more refrigerant gas passages.
[0011] In some embodiments, the nozzle may be sized to operate on the plasma arc torch at a current flow of at least 100 amps. In some embodiments, the nozzle can operate at a current greater than 170 amps per inch by the ratio of the nozzle body length.
[0012] In some embodiments, the ratio of proximal end height to pressure chamber floor thickness may be less than about 1.4.
[0013] In some aspects, a nozzle for an air-cooled plasma arc torch configured to operate above 100 amps may include a nozzle body having a distal portion that defines a channel substantially aligned with a longitudinal axis of the nozzle. nozzle body, the conduit having a length and shape to direct a flow of plasma gas; and a proximal portion coupled to the distal portion and having a proximal portion length, the proximal portion defines a pressure chamber fluidly connected to the conduit, wherein a ratio of the length of the proximal portion to the length of the conduit may be less than about 2.0, and wherein the nozzle may be configured to permit operation at a current greater than 170 amps per inch by reason of the nozzle body length.
[0014] Modalities may include one or more of the following characteristics.
[0015] In some embodiments, the mouthpiece may include a body flange at a proximal end of the proximal portion of the mouthpiece body, an overall length of the mouthpiece defined by a distance from a proximal end of the mouthpiece body flange to a end face at the distal end of the mouthpiece such that the overall length of the mouthpiece is greater than the length of the mouthpiece body;
[0016] In some embodiments, the nozzle body flange further comprises a flow channel.
[0017] In some embodiments, the conduit length corresponds to a pressure chamber floor thickness. In some embodiments, the conduit comprises a chamfer or countersunk hole. In some embodiments, a conduit width varies along the length of the conduit. In some embodiments, the conduit has a chamfer or recessed hole at each end of its length.
[0018] In some embodiments, a pressure chamber side wall thickness is between an inner diameter of the pressure chamber and an outer diameter of the pressure chamber, and the ratio between the chamber side wall thickness and the width of the body of the nozzle is from about 0.15 to about 0.19. In some embodiments, a side wall of the pressure chamber further comprises one or more refrigerant gas passages,
[0019] In some embodiments, the refrigerant gas passages are sized to allow the nozzle to operate on the plasma arc torch at a current flow of at least 100 amps. In some embodiments, the refrigerant gas passages are sized to allow the nozzle to operate at a current greater than 170 amps per inch per nozzle body length ratio.
[0020] In some embodiments, the ratio of the length of the proximal portion to the length of the conduit is less than about 1.4.
[0021] In some aspects, a nozzle for a gas-cooled plasma arc torch may include a generally hollow cylindrical body that has a first end and a second end that define a longitudinal axis, the second end of the body defines an orifice. nozzle outlet; a gas channel formed at the first end between an inner wall and an outer wall of the cylindrical body, the gas channel directing a flow of gas circumferentially over at least a portion of the body; an inlet passage formed substantially through a radial surface of the outer wall and fluidly connected to the gas channel; and an outlet passage at least substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis and fluidly connected to the gas channel.
[0022] Modalities may include one or more of the following characteristics.
[0023] In some embodiments, the inlet passage may include an inlet opening formed by a radial surface of the body. In some cases, the outlet passage may include an outlet passage formed through a second radial outer surface of the body between the second end of the mouthpiece and the inlet opening.
[0024] In some embodiments, the nozzle includes a plurality of inlet passages (e.g., multiple passages). In some cases, a radial angle between the respective air inlet passages is around 120 degrees. In some embodiments, the nozzle includes a plurality of outlet passages. In some cases, a radial angle between the respective outlet passages is about 120 degrees. In some embodiments, the nozzle includes a plurality of inlet passages and a plurality of outlet passages. In some cases, the inlet passages are radially offset from the outlet passages.
[0025] In some embodiments, the circumferential gas flow along the gas channel extends over an entire circumference of the nozzle.
[0026] In some embodiments, a portion of the nozzle walls are configured to mate with the outer surface of a whirlpool ring. In some cases, the swirl ring forms a part of the gas channel.
[0027] In some aspects, a nozzle for a gas-cooled plasma arc torch may include a generally hollow cylindrical body having a first end and a second end defining a longitudinal axis, the second end of the body defining an orifice. nozzle outlet; a defined pressure chamber region within the body directs a plasma gas; a refrigerant gas channel formed at the first end between an inner wall and an outer wall of the cylindrical body, a refrigerant gas channel isolates a refrigerant gas from the plasma gas; a substantially radially oriented inlet passage fluidly connected to the gas channel; and a substantially longitudinally oriented outlet passage fluidly connected to the gas channel.
[0028] Modalities may include one or more of the following characteristics.
[0029] In some embodiments, the radially oriented inlet passage further comprises an inlet opening formed by a radial surface of the body. In some embodiments, the longitudinally oriented outlet passage further comprises an outlet hole formed through a radial surface of the body between the second end of the nozzle and the inlet opening. In some embodiments, the nozzle also comprises a plurality of radially oriented inlet passages. In some embodiments, a radial angle between the respective air inlet passages is about 120 degrees. In some embodiments, the nozzle also comprises a plurality of outlet passages. In some embodiments, a radial angle between the respective outlet passages is about 120 degrees. In some embodiments, the nozzle also comprises a plurality of inlet passages and a plurality of outlet passages. In some embodiments, the inlet passages are radially offset from the outlet passages.
[0030] In some embodiments, the circumferential gas flow along the gas channel extends over an entire circumference of the nozzle. In some embodiments, a portion of the nozzle walls are configured to mate with the outer surface of a swirl ring. In some embodiments, the swirl ring forms a part of the gas channel.
[0031] In some embodiments, plasma gas and refrigerant gas combine at the nozzle outlet port.
[0032] In some aspects, a method for cooling a nozzle for a plasma arc torch may include: providing a nozzle having a hollow body with a first end and a second end, the second end of the body defining an orifice for outlet of the nozzle, a gas channel formed at the first end of the body, a substantially radially oriented inlet passage fluidly connected to the gas channel, and a substantially longitudinally oriented outlet passage fluidly connected to the outlet channel. gas; flowing the refrigerant gas through the inlet passage of the gas channel; directing the refrigerant gas along the gas channel; and discharging the refrigerant gas from the gas channel to the outlet passage.
[0033] In some aspects, a nozzle for a gas-cooled plasma arc torch may include a body having a first end and a second end defining a longitudinal axis; a pressure chamber region substantially formed within the body, the pressure chamber region extending from the first end of the body and configured to receive a flow of plasma gas; an outlet port located at the second end of the body and oriented substantially coaxially with the longitudinal axis, the outlet port fluidly connected to the pressure chamber region; and a trace of an external surface of the body configured to increase cooling by receiving a stream of refrigerant gas flowing at high velocity, generally in the longitudinal axis direction along a length of the body, a trace impact surface configured to receive the flow of refrigerant gas in a direction substantially perpendicular to the impact surface and redirect the flow of refrigerant gas to promote uniform cooling and shielding flow.
[0034] Modalities may include one or more of the following characteristics.
[0035] In some embodiments, the feature is arranged around a circumference of the outer surface of the mouthpiece body.
[0036] In some embodiments, the substantially perpendicular direction may be between about 45 degrees and 90 degrees to the impact surface.
[0037] In some embodiments, a cross-section of the stroke impact surface includes a substantially flat surface that is disposed substantially perpendicular to the flow of refrigerant gas. In some embodiments, the stroke impact surface includes a substantially conical surface. In some embodiments, the stroke is positioned on the nozzle adjacent to a corresponding stroke of a shielding component. In some embodiments, the corresponding trace is a mixing chamber.
[0038] In some sports, the high speed is at least 300 meters per second.
[0039] In some embodiments, the layout includes at least a portion of a chamber of sufficient size to increase the uniformity of refrigerant gas flow by providing a storage chamber to reduce transient refrigerant gas flow. In some embodiments, the chamber extends over a circumference of the outer surface of the mouthpiece.
[0040] In some embodiments, the nozzle includes a narrow corner adjacent to the impact surface to generate turbulence in the flow of refrigerant gas.
[0041] In some aspects, a nozzle cooling system for a plasma arc torch may include a nozzle having a body with a first end and a second end defining a longitudinal axis, a pressure chamber region substantially formed within of the body, the pressure chamber region extending from the first end of the body is configured to receive a flow of plasma gas; an outlet port located at the second end of the body oriented substantially coaxially with the longitudinal axis, the outlet port fluidly connected to the pressure chamber region, and a trace of an external surface of the body configured to increase cooling along receiving a flow of refrigerant gas flowing at high velocity generally in one direction along the longitudinal axis of a length of the body, a stroke impact surface configured to receive the flow of refrigerant gas in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of impact and redirect refrigerant gas flow to promote uniform shielding and cooling flow; and a nozzle retaining cap comprising a generally cylindrical body and a retaining flange, the retaining cap retaining flange includes a plurality of shielding gas delivery holes angled generally along the longitudinal axis of the nozzle at an angle substantially perpendicular to the nozzle stroke impact surface.
[0042] In some embodiments, the stopper cap comprises about 10 shielding gas supply holes.
[0043] Modalities may include one or more of the following characteristics.
[0044] In some embodiments, the stopper cap comprises about 10 shielding gas supply holes.
[0045] In some aspects, a shield nozzle cooling system may include a nozzle having a body with a first end and a second end defining a longitudinal axis, a pressure chamber region substantially formed within the body, the region the pressure chamber extending from the first end of the body is configured to receive a flow of plasma gas; an outlet port located at the second end of the body oriented substantially coaxially with the longitudinal axis, the outlet port fluidly connected to the pressure chamber region, and a trace of an external surface of the body configured to increase cooling along receiving a flow of refrigerant gas flowing at high velocity generally in one direction along the longitudinal axis of a length of the body, a stroke impact surface configured to receive the flow of refrigerant gas in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of impact and redirect the flow of refrigerant gas to promote uniform cooling and shielding flow; and a shield for the plasma arc torch comprises a generally conical body and an end face having a shield outlet hole, an inner surface of the shield comprising a mixing chamber at a location corresponding to the direction of the nozzle. when assembled together, the mixing chamber comprising an inlet rim positioned to direct refrigerant gas from the routing path into the mixing chamber.
[0046] Modalities may include one or more of the following characteristics.
[0047] In some embodiments, the mixing chamber and the inlet lip extend over a circumference of the inner surface of the shield. In some embodiments, a leading edge profile is at an acute angle. In some embodiments, the inlet lip extends toward the first end of the nozzle body. In some embodiments, the inlet lip extends toward the second end of the nozzle body.
[0048] In some embodiments, the shield comprises at least two lead-in edge strokes.
[0049] In some embodiments, the mixing chamber has a bulb-shaped cross section. In some embodiments, the mixing chamber is of sufficient size to increase the uniformity of refrigerant gas flow by providing a storage chamber to reduce transient refrigerant gas flow.
[0050] In some aspects, a shield for an air cooled plasma arc torch may include a body having a proximal end configured to mate with a plasma arc torch body and a distal end; an exit hole formed at the distal end of the body; and an inner portion of the shield comprising a shield flow surface that forms a part of a shielding gas flow channel, the shielding gas flow channel directs a flow of shielding gas along the surface of the shielding flow. internal shield in a direction of flow from the proximal end to the outlet port at the distal end of the body, the internal part of the shield also comprises a flow path disposed on the inner surface of the shield flow, the flow path formed circumferentially over a inside the body between the proximal end and the outlet port, the flow path is configured to reverse the flow direction of the shield gas flow within the shield gas flow channel.
[0051] Modalities may include one or more of the following characteristics.
[0052] In some embodiments, the internal shield flow surface comprises a mixing chamber formed circumferentially over the body in a portion of the shielding gas flow channel adjacent to a direction path of a corresponding nozzle in the mixing chamber comprising an inlet lip positioned to direct shielding gas into the mixing chamber. In some cases, the flow path also defines a recombination region, the recombination region between the outlet orifice and the mixing chamber.
[0053] In some embodiments, the flow path defines a recombination region, the recombination region between a set of shield ventilation ports and the exit orifice.
[0054] In some embodiments, the flow path may comprise a bulge and a recess that cooperate to reverse the flow direction. In some cases, the bulge is adjacent to the recess.
[0055] In some embodiments, the flow path includes a bulge, such that the bulge is a ridge that extends around a circumference of the flow surface of the inner shield. In some cases, the flow path includes a recess, such that the recess is a groove that extends around a circumference of the inner shield flow surface. In some cases, the flow path includes a bulge, such that the bulge is between the recess and the exit orifice;
[0056] The flow path can be arranged on a conical portion of the shielding body. The flow path may be disposed on an end face of the distal end of the shield body. The flow path may include a bulge, such that the bulge is disposed at a location on the flow surface of the inner shield that corresponds with a complementary path of an adjacent torch nozzle when the shield is connected to the arc torch. plasma. For example, the complementary trace of the nozzle might be a ridge.
[0057] In some embodiments, when mounted a cross section of the bulge and the complementary nozzle stroke are both parallel in a longitudinal axis of a torch body of the plasma arc torch. In some embodiments, the protuberance and the complementary path of the nozzle form a path of the conditioned flow.
[0058] In some aspects, a nozzle for an air cooled plasma arc torch may include a body having a proximal end configured to mate with a plasma arc torch body and a distal end; a hole formed at the distal end of the body; and an outer portion of the nozzle comprising a flow surface of the nozzle forming a portion of a shield gas flow channel, the shield gas flow channel directs a flow of shield gas along the flow surface exterior of the nozzle in the direction of flow from the proximal end to the orifice at the distal end of the body, the exterior of the nozzle also comprises a flow path disposed on the outer flow surface of the nozzle, the flow path formed circumferentially on an external part of the body between the proximal end and the orifice, the flow path configured to reverse the direction of shielding gas flow within the shielding gas flow channel.
[0059] Modalities may include one or more of the following characteristics.
[0060] In some embodiments, the nozzle also includes a trace on the nozzle outer flow surface of the nozzle body configured to increase body cooling by receiving at least a portion of the shielding gas stream flowing at high velocity. generally in one direction of a longitudinal axis of the nozzle body and along a length of the body, a stroke impact surface configured to receive at least a portion of the refrigerant gas flow in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface impact and to redirect the flow of refrigerant gas to promote cooling and uniform shielding flow.
[0061] In some embodiments, the external flow surface of the nozzle comprises a mixing chamber formed circumferentially over the body in a portion of the shielding gas flow channel that is adjacent to the routing path.
[0062] In some embodiments, the flow path may include a bulge and a recess that cooperate to reverse the flow direction. In some cases, the bulge is adjacent to the recess. In some embodiments, the flow path includes a bulge, such that the bulge is a ridge that extends around a circumference of the nozzle's outer flow surface.
[0063] In some embodiments, the flow path may include a recess, such that the recess is a groove that extends around a circumference of the nozzle's outer flow surface. In some embodiments, the flow path may include a bulge, such that the bulge is between the recess and the orifice. The flow path is arranged over a conical portion of the nozzle body. The flow trace is disposed on an end face of the distal end of the mouthpiece body. In some embodiments, the flow path may include a bulge, such that the bulge is disposed at a location on the nozzle's external flow surface that corresponds to a complementary trace of an adjacent torch shield when the nozzle is connected to the torch. of plasma arc. In some embodiments, the complementary tracing of the shield is a ridge.
[0064] In some aspects, a consumable set for an air-cooled plasma arc torch system may include a shield that includes a shield body that has a proximal end configured to mate with an arc torch body. torch plasma and a distal end; an exit hole formed at the distal end of the body; and an inner shield portion comprising a shield flow surface that forms a portion of a shielding gas flow channel, the shielding gas flow channel directs a flow of shielding gas along the shielding flow surface. internal shield in a flow direction from the proximal end to the outlet port at the distal end of the body, the internal portion of the shield also comprises a flow path disposed on the inner surface of the shield flow, the flow path formed circumferentially over a portion inside the body between the proximal end and the outlet port, the flow path configured to reverse the flow direction of the shield gas flow within the shield gas flow channel; and a mouthpiece formed of an electrically conductive material, the mouthpiece comprising a mouthpiece body having a first end and a second end defining a longitudinal axis; a pressure chamber region formed substantially on the inside of the nozzle body, the pressure chamber region extending from the first end of the nozzle body and configured to receive a flow of plasma gas, the connected pressure chamber region fluidly to the outlet orifice; a trace of an external surface of the nozzle body configured to increase nozzle cooling when receiving a stream of refrigerant gas flowing at high velocity, generally in a longitudinal axis direction along a length of the nozzle body, a surface of stroke impact configured to receive at least a portion of the refrigerant gas flow in a direction substantially perpendicular to the impact surface and to redirect the refrigerant gas flow to promote uniform cooling and shielding flow such that at least a portion of the coolant stream from the impact surface exits the torch through the orifice.
[0065] Modalities may include one or more of the following characteristics.
[0066] In some embodiments, the internal shield flow surface further comprises a mixing chamber formed circumferentially over the shield body in a portion of the shield gas flow channel adjacent to the flow path.
[0067] In some aspects, a method for cooling an air-cooled plasma arc torch nozzle may include providing a shielding gas at an angle substantially perpendicular to an external path of the nozzle; redirect shielding gas from the nozzle's external path to a mixing chamber adjacent to the path; and flowing shielding gas from the mixing chamber along a shielding gas flow channel to an outlet port in the shield, the shielding gas flow channel, at least partially defined by an outer surface of the nozzle .
[0068] Modalities may include one or more of the following characteristics.
[0069] In some embodiments, the method may also include flowing shielding gas from the mixing chamber through a recombination region disposed between the nozzle and shield to produce a substantially uniform flow of shielding gas at the outlet port. , the recombination region comprising at least one stream redirection element. In some embodiments, the recombination region may be downstream of the mixing chamber and include a deflector on an inner surface of the shield and a deflector on an outer surface of the nozzle. In some embodiments, the shield deflector and the shield deflector are adjacent to each other when the shield and shields are mounted on the torch.
[0070] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the mixing chamber is disposed on the outer surface of the nozzle. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the mixing chamber is disposed on an inner surface of an adjacent shield. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the mixing chamber is disposed on the outer surface of the nozzle and at least a part of the mixing chamber is disposed on an inner surface of an adjacent shield.
[0071] In some aspects, a method of providing a uniform shielding gas flow to an air-cooled plasma arc torch may comprise providing shielding gas to a shielding gas flow channel defined by an outer surface. of a mouthpiece and an internal surface of a shield; flowing the shielding gas along the shielding gas flow channel; reversing the flow of shielding gas along the shielding gas flow channel using a recombination region, the recombination region comprising at least one flow reversal element; and flowing shielding gas from the mixing region to an outlet port of the shield, thereby producing a substantially uniform flow of shielding gas at the outlet port.
[0072] The embodiments described herein may have one or more of the following advantages.
[0073] In some aspects, consumable components (e.g. nozzles) such as described herein with a gas channel formed between an inner (e.g. inner) wall and an outer (e.g. outer) wall may have cooler than some other consumable components that do not have similar gas channels. The increased cooling capabilities result, in part, because the additional refrigerant gas contacts the surface area created within the nozzle through which heat can be transferred and carried away by the refrigerant gas. Increased cooling capacities can result in better cutting performance, for example helping to create more stable plasma arcs and longer consumable life. Longer consumable life can cause fewer consumable replacements, which results in reduced costs and system downtime.
[0074] Additionally, forming the refrigerant gas channel within an outer wall of the nozzle can provide better separation (e.g. insulation) of the refrigerant gas channel from the plasma gas flow path, which can result in increased cooling capabilities without substantially interfering with plasma gas delivery and/or control.
[0075] In addition, refrigerant gas channels having one or more horizontal inlets (i.e. substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the nozzle) and one or more vertical outlets (i.e. substantially longitudinally), which can be displaced from circumferential mode of the horizontal inlets can help to provide directing gas flow to different nozzle surfaces. Surface flow can help create turbulent flows for increased cooling capabilities.
[0076] In some aspects, the nozzles described here have a path disposed along their outer surface, which defines an impact surface for receiving a flow of refrigerant gas (for example, a flow of high-velocity refrigerant gas) can be used. have increased nozzle cooling capabilities over some other conventional nozzles. As discussed herein, the impact surface may be inclined with respect to one or more other external surfaces of the nozzle so that the flow of refrigerant gas contacts (i.e., impinges upon) the impact surface substantially perpendicularly to the impact surface. , which may result in increased cooling capacity. For example, as discussed herein, the angled impact surface is normally angled to be disposed substantially perpendicular to an angled refrigerant gas flow channel defined within a nozzle retaining cap that provides a flow of refrigerant gas.
[0077] Additionally, the arrangement of the angled impact surface within a mixing channel can help generate high velocity mixing gas flow, for example, in part due to the substantially perpendicular impact of the gas flow on the impact surface. , the cooling capacity may relatively increase in some other conventional nozzles without such traces. In some cases, the impact stroke and surface help to create turbulent flow within the mixing channel which further aids in cooling. Also, in some cases, the mixing channel can help to mix and distribute (e.g. evenly distribute) the flow of the cooling shield gas around the nozzle so that it can be delivered more evenly. More evenly delivered shielding gas can create a more stable plasma arc, which can result in improved cutting speed and consistency.
[0078] In some respects, alternatively or additionally, nozzle strokes may work in combination with corresponding strokes (e.g. grooves or flanges) formed in other consumable components, such as a shield, to change (e.g. disturb, disturb, and/or partially block, redirect, or redistribute) the flow of shielding gas that flows between the nozzle and the shield. For example, as discussed herein, some nozzles may include a recess into which a flange of a shield may be partially placed during use. The configuration of the lip disposed within a recess may cause flow shielding gas to be temporarily re-routed (eg, directed away and then back to) the distal end of the torch. Such redirection can help to mix and distribute the shielding gas flow in an annular fashion around the shield outlet hole so that the shielding gas exiting the torch can be more evenly distributed than in some others. conventional torch systems. A more even distribution of shielding gas can be useful in helping to create a more stable plasma arc by inconsistently reducing or limiting the variation of gas flow around the plasma arc. Likewise, other features described herein, such as the complementary mixing channel formed by traces and surfaces of the nozzle and/or shield (discussed below with reference to Figure 3) can also help to receive the gas stream delivered from multiples. discrete channels and distribute the gas flow circumferentially around the nozzle to help create a more evenly distributed gas flow and a more uniform plasma arc.
[0079] In some respects, nozzles as described herein are designed, proportioned, and constructed to be shorter (i.e., longitudinally shorter proximal end height) and wider (i.e., having a longer nozzle tip). thicker (e.g., a wider or larger end face) and/or thicker pressure valve sidewalls), and/or has a longer orifice (i.e., a thicker distal region) may produce greater blast effects. cooling relative to some other conventional nozzles that do not have such modified characteristics. In some cases, these proportions are expected to result in a mouthpiece that has an increased tip mass concentrated in the distal region (e.g., increased tip mass ratios for volume ratios relative to the rest of the mouthpiece), the which can result in an increase in cooling capacity. In particular, the increased mass and volume of material located at the distal end of the nozzle, especially the increased material positioned radially around the exit orifice, can provide greater heat transfer paths through which heat can pass externally within the nozzle. and, proximally away from the torch tip. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0080] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary plasma arc torch that defines various gas flow channels used to deliver shielding refrigerant gas to the torch tip.
[0081] Figure 2 is a sectional view of an exemplary nozzle for a plasma arc torch, which includes a gas channel defined between an inner wall and an outer wall to direct the flow of gas circumferentially around the mouthpiece body.
[0082] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a plasma arc torch that has a nozzle cooling system and a flux distribution system defined by features and elements formed along its nozzle and shield.
[0083] Figure 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the nozzle cooling system of Figure 3 illustrating an exemplary refrigerant gas flow in and around the nozzle.
[0084] Figure 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the flow distribution system of Figure 3 illustrating paths formed along the nozzle and shield to redirect and substantially uniformly distribute the flow of shielding gas annularly around of the mouthpiece.
[0085] Figure 5A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of another example of the flow distribution system illustrating paths formed along the nozzle and shield to redirect and substantially uniformly distribute the flow of shielding gas in an annular shape around of the mouthpiece.
[0086] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary nozzle for a plasma arc torch that has a wider end face and distal end region to distribute heat and enhance nozzle cooling.
[0087] Figure 7 is a simulated gas flow model depicting the flow of gas into and out of the gas channel of Figure 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0088] Figure 1 illustrates an example of the plasma torch 50, which may be used with the various aspects and embodiments of the plasma arc torch cooling systems, devices and methods described herein. Referring to Figure 1, the plasma torch 50 may include an electrode 60, a nozzle 100, and a shield 150. The torch 50 may be in electrical communication (e.g., through a current-carrying cable (not shown). ) with a power supply (not shown) and receives electrical current from the power supply. Electrical current received from the power supply is transferred through a current loop to electrode 60 and nozzle 100.
[0089] During use, gas (e.g. plasma gas) is directed to a region of pressure chamber 80 defined between electrode 60 and nozzle 100. Plasma gas can be accelerated (e.g. plasma can be heated, which reduces the density of the gas, plasma is formed, which increases its volume and velocity) inside the plasma chamber 80 to generate a flow of plasma through a plasma arc created between the electrode 60 and nozzle 100.
[0090] Experimental studies have indicated that the temperature of the nozzle during use (eg, and the extent to which a nozzle can be kept refrigerated) can have a significant impact on electrode life. In particular, as a result of the relatively high operating temperature in high current air-cooled plasma arc cutting which can significantly increase material wear and erosion, the electrode and nozzle life may be low relative to conventional welding systems. low current air cooled plasma arc cutting. Therefore, cooling enhancement can be a useful technique in extending or prolonging the lifetime of an electrode and/or air-cooled nozzle. Cooling can be achieved by directing gas (eg air, nitrogen or oxygen) through the electrode and/or nozzle surfaces. Gas flow through these elements (eg electrodes or nozzle) can be directed along internal and/or external surfaces. In some cases, the plasma arc torch may be an air-cooled torch that is cooled by directing one or more streams of high-velocity refrigerant gas (e.g., air at about 20 standard cubic feet per hour (scfh) at about 250 scfh) through several channels set inside the torch tip.
[0091] Some embodiments described here can increase (e.g. significantly increase) the cooling of torch consumables (i.e. even without the use of coolants), such as a torch nozzle, thus improving service life . In some embodiments, nozzle cooling may be achieved by utilizing shield flux and allowing shield flux to flow directly to one or more surfaces of the nozzle. For example, in some embodiments, the shielding flux may be directed such that it impinges on (e.g., flows perpendicularly to) a surface of the nozzle.
[0092] In some respects, certain consumable components used in the torch (e.g., nozzle) may include one or more of the features or multiple elements, such as cooling flow channels, to help increase cooling capabilities and therefore , increase nozzle performance and lifetime.
[0093] For example, referring to Figure 2, in some aspects, a mouthpiece 200 may be formed from a body 202. In some embodiments, the body 202 is formed from a metallic material, such as copper. As illustrated, the body 202 may be in the form of a hollow substantially cylindrical body having a first end 204 and a second end 206 that define a longitudinal axis 208. The hollow body defines a hollow region of the pressure chamber 201 configured to receive and to accommodate an electrode and to conduct a plasma gas between the electrode and the nozzle. First end 204 is typically formed and configured to mate with one or more features or components of the torch. For example, in some embodiments, the nozzle may be configured to mate with a swirl ring or a retaining cap disposed within the torch. The cylindrical body also includes a formed generally annular cylindrical wall (e.g., a chamber side wall) 210 that extends upwardly from a base frame 212 (e.g., a pressure chamber floor) defined at the second end. 206. The second end 206 defines a generally cylindrical bore (e.g., a flow conduit) 214 formed generally axially through the floor of the pressure chamber. In use, plasma gas passes through hole 214 and out of the nozzle through an outlet hole 215. Nozzle outlet hole 215 is defined at the distal end of hole 214 along a nozzle end face. formed along the second end 206.
[0094] By cooling, as well as by distributing the flow, a gas channel 216 (e.g., a refrigerant gas flow channel) can be formed at the first end 204 within a portion of the body, such as the side wall of the chamber, in particular, between an inner wall 218 and an outer wall 220 for directing the flow of gas around the cylindrical body. For example, gas channel 216 may be a substantially annular (e.g., circular) channel disposed midway between inner wall 218 and outer wall 220 to direct the flow of gas circumferentially over at least a portion of the body. As discussed above, in some cases, inner wall 218 and/or outer wall 220 may be configured to interact and mate with other components, such as a swirl ring, disposed within the torch to properly position and mount the nozzle or to direct the gas flow into the flow channel. Therefore, in some cases, the swirl ring may be configured to form a portion of the gas channel 216 (e.g., an upper portion) together with the inner wall and outer wall, essentially forming a flow conduit over the nozzle. .
[0095] The configuration of the nozzle walls in relation to the other components within the torch typically helps to separate and seal the flow channel from some of the other gas channels within the torch. For example, the nozzle is typically configured to isolate shielding/cooling gas flowing within the flow channel from plasma gas flowing within the pressure chamber region. However, plasma gas and shielding/cooling gases typically combine as they exit the torch (ie, at the nozzle exit hole).
[0096] Nozzle 200 includes one or more inlet passages 222 and one or more outlet passages 224 fluidly connected to gas channel 216 to supply gas to the gas channel. The air inlet passages and the outlet passages may be in the form of any of a number of suitable structural features configured to contain and distribute the gas to the gas channel. For example, the passages can be a hole, channel, tube, conduit, duct or the like disposed in or on the nozzle body. As discussed below, the passages may also include one or more ports (e.g., openings) formed along different surfaces of the nozzle through which gas can enter and exit the nozzle body for delivery to the gas channel.
[0097] The inlet passages are typically formed substantially perpendicular to at least one surface of the gas flow channel, so that the gas that is expelled from the inlet passage into the flow channel impinges on the surface of the nozzle. within the channel to generate turbulent flow within the flow channel. With the collision and turbulent flows generated, the nozzle cooling performance is expected to increase. To achieve this arrangement of the inlet passage in relation to the flow channel, many different configurations are possible. For example, as illustrated, inlet passage 222 may be formed through outer wall 220 and, when installed in the torch, may be in fluid communication with the shielding gas supply of the torch. As illustrated, the inlet passage 222 can be arranged horizontally (i.e. horizontally with respect to a torch which is positioned so that its longitudinal axis is vertical) so that gas entering the flow channel can strike an inner wall on an opposite surface of the flow channel (e.g., the outer surface of inner wall 218). In some examples, the term facing surface refers to a region of the flow channel that is generally traversed through the inlet passage relative to a central region of the flow channel. In some embodiments, inlet passages 222 may be radially disposed in the mouthpiece (i.e., extending inwardly toward its central longitudinal axis 208).
[0098] The nozzle may include multiple inlet passages 222, for example three inlet passages 222 in the embodiment illustrated in Figure 2. As shown, in some embodiments, inlet passages 222 may be substantially uniformly arranged (e.g. , evenly spaced) around the gas channel 216. For example, when three inlet passages are included, they can be separated from each other by about 120 degrees. In some cases, a more even distribution of inlet passages 222 can create a more uniform flow of refrigerant gas in the gas channel 216.
[0099] In some embodiments, one or more inlet passages include an inlet port defined along a radial surface of the body that exposes the inlet passage to the environment around the mouthpiece. During use, gas (eg shielding gas or refrigerant gas) can enter the inlet passage through the inlet opening and travel through the gas channel. For example, as illustrated, an inlet opening 223 may be in the form of an orifice defined along an outer surface of the nozzle's outer wall 220.
[00100] Outlet passages 224 are typically formed at least partially through the sidewall of pressure chamber 210 to provide gas flow away from the gas channel. In some cases, the arrangement of outlet passages 224 through the side wall of the pressure chamber 210 can also help to cool the nozzle by creating additional heat transfer surface area within the side wall of the pressure chamber. As illustrated, outlet passage 224 may be formed longitudinally (e.g., at least substantially aligned with (e.g., substantially parallel) longitudinal axis 208).
[00101] The outlet passages are also typically formed substantially perpendicular to at least one outer surface of the nozzle (or other consumable component), so that gas that is expelled from the outlet passage impinges against the surfaces. outside the nozzle to further cool the nozzle. In some embodiments, outlet passages 224 may be formed inside (e.g., longitudinally inside) the sidewall of the pressure chamber 210 such that it is in proximity to a recess or flange defined along the outer surface of the pressure chamber. nozzle against which gas from the flow channel can contact (e.g. collide) for better cooling. For example, as illustrated, outlet passages 224 may be arranged vertically (e.g., substantially longitudinally) so that gas exiting the flow channel can reach the outer surface of the nozzle (e.g., an impact surface of flow) 252. That is, in some embodiments, the outlet passages 224 may be arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis (e.g., be oriented longitudinally).
[00102] The nozzle typically includes multiple outlet passages 224, for example three outlet passages in the embodiment illustrated in Figure 2. As shown, in some embodiments, the outlet passages 224 may be substantially uniformly arranged around of the gas channel 216. For example, when three outlet passages are included, they may be separated from each other by 120 degrees. In some cases, a more even distribution of the outlet passages 224 can create a more uniform flow of gas from the gas channel 216. This can be achieved through additional outlet passages, for example, four (or more) outlet passages. outputs oriented at 90 degrees to each other (not shown).
[00103] In some embodiments, the outlet passage includes an outlet port formed through an axial and/or radial surface of the body between the second end (e.g., the distal end) of the mouthpiece 206 and the inlet port, in whereas the inlet port connects the inlet channel to the environment around the mouthpiece and the outlet port similarly connects the outlet channel to the environment around the mouthpiece. For example, gas may flow from the gas channel 216, into the outlet passage 224 formed inside the side wall of the pressure chamber, and out of the side wall of the pressure chamber through an outlet port 225 set inside. of an external surface of the side wall of the pressure chamber.
[00104] In some embodiments, the inlet passages 222 and the outlet passages 224 are offset (eg, radially offset) from each other around the flow channel. For example, the inlet passages and the outlet passages may be substantially uniformly offset circumferentially from each other. That is, in some cases, one or more outlet passages 224 may be disposed between (e.g., equidistantly) two of the inlet passages 222 (e.g., at 60 degree intervals in embodiments with three three exit passages) . Briefly referring to Figure 7, which illustrates a simulated flow of gas through the inlet passages 222, the gas channel 216, and the outlet passages 224, such an arrangement can increase the exposure between the fluid and the nozzle, and help to increase mixing the fluid within the gas channel 216 by providing a greater distance than gas typically travels within the gas channel between an inlet passage and an adjacent outlet passage. Based, at least in part, on the increased mixing, the flow can be oriented so that the gas in the flow channel can flow circumferentially around the body. In some cases, the flow may be directed circumferentially around (eg, at least around 360 degrees) the flow channel. Also illustrated in Figure 7, the flow velocities through the inlet passages 222 and the exit passages 224 are typically higher than the gas flow in the rest of the gas channel 216. In addition, the increase in flow velocities through of the inlet passages 222 can help create turbulent gas flow and cooling as air exits the inlet passages 222 and impinges on the inner surface of the gas channel 216.
[00105] In some embodiments, the refrigerant gas passages (e.g., inlet passages 222 and primarily outlet passages 224) are sized and configured to allow the nozzle to operate on the plasma arc torch at a current flow of at least 75 amps (for example, at least 100 amps). Also, in some embodiments, the refrigerant gas passages are sized and configured to allow the nozzle to operate at a current greater than 150 amps per inch (e.g., greater than 170 amps per inch) to body length ratio. of the mouthpiece.
[00106] Such flow and current can help cut materials at faster cutting speeds. For example, in some cases, the torch can cut half-inch mild steel at a cutting speed that is greater than 100 inches per minute (ipm).
[00107] Although the air inlet passages and the outlet passages have been described as generally being several discrete circular holes, other configurations are possible. For example, in some embodiments, a nozzle may include only an inlet passage and an outlet passage for distributing the gas to the flow channel. Alternatively, in some cases, the inlet passage and/or the outlet passage may be one or more partially or fully annular) formed around the mouthpiece body.
[00108] The torch systems may additionally or alternatively include other types of consumable cooling systems, such as nozzle or nozzle cooling systems and shield cooling systems, arranged in one or more regions of the torch. For example, consumable cooling systems may include features formed in one or more consumable materials (e.g., a nozzle, shield, and/or a retaining cap for the nozzle or shield) to receive and direct the flow of gas (e.g., high-velocity refrigerant gas flow) to increase the cooling of one or more of the consumables and cutting performance of the torch.
[00109] For example, referring to Figure 3, in some aspects, a torch 300 may include a nozzle cooling system 310 and/or a nozzle guard cooling system 320, which may each be applied singly or in combination. combination with each other for the cooling of torch components.
[00110] In some embodiments, to increase the air cooling performance of the torch 300, the nozzle cooling system 310 may include a torch retaining cap 330 having features configured to cool the flow of gas to direct the flow of gas refrigerant toward the gas receiving surfaces of a nozzle 350. In particular, the retaining cap 330 is typically formed of a generally cylindrical body 332 that has a mounting flange 334 for retaining the nozzle 350 within the torch. At a typically opposite end, attachment flange 334, retainer cap 330 typically includes a connecting region (e.g., a threaded connection) 335 for securing retainer cap 330 (and therefore also nozzle 350). ) to the torch body.
[00111] As discussed in detail below, attachment flange 334 defines one or more gas holes or openings (e.g., gas supply ports 336) that allow gas to flow through the retaining cap and into the mouthpiece. 350 for cooling. As illustrated, gas delivery ports 336 are typically disposed, generally longitudinally, with respect to the retaining cap and torch. In addition, gas delivery ports 336 are positioned within attachment flange 334 generally substantially perpendicular to a gas receiving surface 352 (e.g., an impact surface) of nozzle 350. For example , in some embodiments, the gas delivery ports 336 are angled (e.g., disposed or directed inwardly toward the nozzle or longitudinal axis) relative to the longitudinal axis to direct the flow of gas against the impact surface 352.
[00112] The retaining cap typically includes multiple supply ports 336 (e.g., ten in the example shown in Figure 3) disposed around the securing flange 334. In some embodiments, the supply ports 336 may be arranged substantially uniformly around the clamping flange 334 to distribute the gas substantially evenly to the nozzle. For example, when ten supply ports are included, they can be separated from each other by 36 degrees. In some cases, a more even distribution of supply ports 336 can create a more uniform gas flow from the shielding gas source.
[00113] As mentioned above, nozzle 350 includes external path 354 (e.g., a recess) defined along its outer surface to receive and redirect a flow of refrigerant gas (e.g., high-velocity gas stream received from the retaining cap 330) to increase cooling capacity. For example, as illustrated, trace 354 may define refrigerant gas receiving surface 352 (e.g., impact surface) that is positioned substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the various gas supply ports 336. As discussed above, positioning substantially perpendicular to impact surface 352 with respect to gas supply ports 336 helps increase cooling capacity, at least in part, by generating turbulent gas flows. In some cases, gas flow through supply ports 336 to impact surface 352 is supplied at about 200 scfh (e.g., at a rate of about 66,986 feet per minute).
[00114] While the impact surface 352 has been described and illustrated as being generally in the form of a surface defined within a recess, other configurations are possible. For example, in some embodiments, a nozzle may define an impact surface that extends from its outer surface (e.g., along a flange), rather than being formed into a recess along the body of the nozzle. Furthermore, in some cases, the impact surface may be an outer surface of the nozzle that has a substantially similar shape and profile as the rest of the outer surface of the nozzle. That is, in some cases, the nozzle may be configured to receive a flow of coolant along its outer surface, without having substantially modified additional features (e.g., impact surface 352, trace 354, etc.) to receive the flow of refrigerant gas.
[00115] While certain features or aspects of the nozzle 350 have been described in relation to the example in Figure 3, it is noted that some other features of the nozzle 350 which are not incompatible with or affected by the cooling system described above may be substantially similar to those of the nozzle 200 described above.
[00116] Alternatively, or in combination with the nozzle cooling system 310, the torch may also include a nozzle protection cooling system 320 to help cool a shield 380 disposed at the tip of the torch 300 to protect the nozzle from materials molten (eg spatter) ejected from a workpiece. For example, in some embodiments, the nozzle shield cooling system 320 includes a recess or profile 322 (e.g., a mixing channel) defined within the shield 360 and/or the nozzle 350 that is used to direct and circulate the flow of refrigerant gas between shield 360 and nozzle 350. As illustrated, mixing channel 322 may be defined in close proximity to one or more of the cooling system components of nozzle 310 (e.g., near trace 354 or of the impact surface 352). In some cases, the channel 322 is formed having a substantially curved profile (e.g., a bulb profile) to encourage flow to circulate therein.
[00117] In such a configuration, during use, the flow of refrigerant gas may be deflected away from the nozzle 350, for example, in part as a result of the angular arrangement of the impact surface 352, and into the mixing channel 322 to be circulated . As noted above, the turbulent mixing flow of gas generated by being deflected from the impact surface 352 (or other shield nozzle flow deflecting surfaces) into the mixing channel can increase the cooling capabilities of the shield cooling system. nozzle 320 and/or nozzle cooling system 310.
[00118] Mixing channel 322 is normally partially formed by a lip 324 (e.g., an inlet lip (e.g., a sharp inlet lip)) defined along a surface of shield 360 to capture a flow of gas coolant and redirect the flow, for example from the impact surface 352, into the mixing channel 322 for circulation and cooling. Rim 324 is typically formed to capture and redirect the flow of refrigerant gas flowing from the torch tip to mixing channel 322. For example, rim 324 may include a sharp rim (e.g. defined by two surfaces positioned with a acute angle relative to the other), which is pointed away from the torch tip to intercept the flow of refrigerant gas.
[00119] Alternatively or additionally, in some embodiments, the mixing channel 322 may be partially formed by a lip (e.g., an inlet lip 324A (e.g., a sharp inlet lip)) defined along a surface nozzle 350 (i.e., an edge between impact surface 352 and a vertical (longitudinal) surface extending from impact surface 352) to capture a flow of refrigerant gas from supply ports 336 and redirect the flow to out towards mixing channel 322.
[00120] The mixing channel 322, and in some cases also the edge of the mixing channel 324, typically extends at least partially around the nozzle. In some cases, mixing channel 322 and lip 324 are defined within an inner surface of the shield and extend completely around an inner surface of the shield 360. In some cases, mixing lip 324A is defined within an inner surface of the shield 360. outer surface of nozzle 350 and extends completely around an outer surface of nozzle 350.
[00121] In some embodiments, the shield may include additional features (eg edges) to direct the flow. For example, the shield may include several flanges to direct flow within the mixing channel. These edges can be oriented up (eg 324) or down (not shown). Additionally or alternatively, the shield may include additional lips for directing flow into additional flow channels (e.g. additional cooling or flow directing channels) formed within the shield.
[00122] While the cooling systems (e.g., Nozzle Cooling System 310 and Nozzle Guard Cooling System 320) described above have been described as providing primarily beneficial cooling properties, other advantageous performance capabilities may be obtained by your application. For example, in addition to or as an alternative to the increased cooling capacities discussed above, the traces defined on the shield and/or nozzle can increase the gas flow properties so that a more uniform and evenly distributed flow of the exhaust gas protection can be delivered to the torch tip. That is, in some cases the traces (eg mixing channel or impact surface) can act as one or more flow distribution chambers (eg buffering flow) to smooth out flow transients. As discussed above, such an evenly distributed flow can increase material processing performance, helping to create a more stable plasma arc.
[00123] Furthermore, while certain features have been described above as being included in certain components, such as the mixing channel 322 which is defined along an inner surface of the shield 360, other configurations are possible. For example, in some cases, the mixing channel may be formed within an outer surface of the nozzle. Alternatively, the mixing channel may be formed partially in both the nozzle and the shield, where the partial mixing channels direct the flow between the partial mixing channels to achieve desired cooling and fluid delivery properties.
[00124] Referring to Figure 4, in some aspects, a torch may include a gas nozzle defining the channel 216, as discussed above with respect to Figure 2, as well as the nozzle cooling system 310 and/or the cooling system. shield cooling nozzle 320 discussed above with respect to Figure 3. In some cases, shielding gas provided by the torch body may be distributed and directed into one or more of several channels and passages arranged to cool the shield and the mouthpiece. As illustrated and indicated using the arrows in Figure 4, a stream of gas 101 (e.g., a stream of shielding/refrigerant gas) may first be delivered near the retaining cap mounting flange. Upon reaching the retaining cap retaining flange 334 and the nozzle outer wall 220, the gas flow may be divided and distributed between the nozzle inlet passage 222 and the gas port 336 formed through the retaining flange. Alternatively, in embodiments where the torch includes neither a nozzle with a gas cooling flow channel 216 nor a nozzle cooling system 310 nor the nozzle guard cooling system 320, the gas flow 101 may instead be directed to only one of the subsequent passages of the streams based on the various components present in the torch (e.g. directed only to the gas port 336 or only to the inlet passage 222).
[00125] A first portion of the flow 101A directed into one or more inlet passages 222 through the inlet port 223, as discussed above, may be directed into the gas channel 216. The gas flow may circulate to mixing into gas channel 216 and nozzle cooling and subsequently to one or more outlet passages 224 (shown dotted) for delivery and nozzle cooling 350. Flow 101A may be expelled from outlet passage 224 , for example, at the outlet port 225, so that it can continue between the nozzle 350 and the shield 360 to be expelled as shielding gas between the shield and the nozzle, and around the plasma arc.
[00126] A second flow portion 101B, which flows into one or more gas ports 336, may be directed (eg, at high speed) to the nozzle to cool the nozzle. As discussed above, the gas flow may be directed to the impact surface 352 along the outer surface of the nozzle. The second flow portion 101B may strike the impact surface 352 at a substantially perpendicular angle to create turbulent flow behavior and enhance cooling. Additionally or alternatively, the first portion of flow 101A expelled from the outlet port 225 may also reach the impact surface 352 for cooling and to help generate turbulent flow.
[00127] After being deflected from the impact surface 352, the gas stream (e.g., first flow portion 101A and/or second flow portion 101B) may flow out and into mixing channel 322 to circulate and helping to cool the shield and to be mixed and distributed circumferentially within the mixing channel 322. As mentioned above, in some cases, the lip 324 can help to intercept the flow of gas and direct it into the mixing channel. 322. After mixing and creating a turbulent flow in mixing channel 322, the gas is directed to annular passage 175 (e.g. shielding gas flow passage) disposed between nozzle 350 and shield 360 to be expelled from nozzle of the blowtorch.
[00128] The arrows illustrated to denote the gas flows within the passages (e.g., the first flow portion 101A and the second flow portion 101B) are merely used to show simplified example flow patterns. Note that the actual gas flow pattern within flow passages, in particular within the mixing channel, normally has turbulent flow and is highly erratic. Therefore, the actual flow within the passages may differ from the example illustrated by the arrows.
[00129] Although Figure 4 illustrates a torch with various features and cooling systems of consumable components together and in combination, other configurations are possible.
[00130] That is, for example, in some aspects, a torch may include the gas channel 216 disposed within the nozzle, along with related passages and flow-directing paths that work in combination with the gas channel 216 to cool the mouthpiece. However, the torch may omit one or more of the other components of cooling systems described herein (e.g., the cooling nozzle system 310 and/or the nozzle guard cooling system 320). Similarly, in some aspects, a torch may include one or more of the component cooling systems that utilize defined flow paths and paths in the shield, nozzle, and/or retaining plug (e.g., the cooling nozzle system 310 and/or the nozzle guard cooling system 320), but the torch may include a nozzle that does not have the gas channel 216 and associated flow passages.
[00131] In addition, or as an alternative to the various cooling systems components and aspects described above, the torches described herein may include consumable components that include features or elements that can be implemented to provide a more uniform flow of shielding gas emitted than torch nozzle. Since the presence of vent holes in the shield (e.g. vent holes 362 illustrated in Figures 3 and 5) can cause non-uniform shielding gas flow, which locates traces to improve uniformity of flow, between the holes shield vent hole and shield exit hole, can result in increased uniformity of gas flow over the plasma exiting the shield, thereby producing better cutting performance and resulting in reduced wear on torch consumables.
[00132] For example, referring again to Figure 3, the torch 300 may also include a shielding gas flow distribution system 380, which may include one or more features of the nozzle 350 and the shield 360 that function in combination in a combination. with the other to distribute the flow over the substantially circumferential shield gas flow channel 175. For example, the flow distribution system 380 may define an alternate flow channel that alternately directs or stops the flow of shielding gas (e.g., zigzag, S-shaped, or tortuous flow tracing) to create turbulent flow and distribute the flow circumferentially around the nozzle. As discussed above, a more evenly distributed flow of shielding gas can be helpful in generating a more stable plasma arc for better cutting capability.
[00133] In particular, in some embodiments, the flow distribution system 380 may be formed by a path that directs the flow 382 extending from the shield (e.g., the inner surface of the shield) to alter (e.g., disturb , redirect, or reverse) the flow of shielding gas passing through the gas flow passage 175. The path that directs the flow 382 can be configured to work in combination with a path that receives the complementary flow 390 defined inside the external surface of the nozzle to form an altered and inverted flow path of shielding gas 175A within a mixing region 396 (e.g., a recombination region) defined in the flow distribution system 380. The flow reversal of at least a portion of the shielding gas passing through the shielding gas flow distribution system 380 is desirable.
[00134] Referring to Figures 3 and 5, the path that directs the flow 382 may include any of several physical elements that are structurally suited to partially obstruct (e.g., direct, redirect, reverse, or otherwise alter), the flow of shielding gas flowing through the shielding gas channel 175. For example, the path that directs the flow 382 may be in the form of a bulge (e.g., a flange, a deflector, a projection, a bulge, a protrusion, or other suitable physical element) 383 that extends away from the inner surface of the shield 360. In some embodiments, the flow path 382 may form a tortuous flow path. Typically, as illustrated in Figures 3 and 5, the flow-directing path 382 extends from the shield 360 in a direction that is incompatible with (e.g., opposite) the general flow from the shield gas flow channel 175 to the torch tip. For example, in some embodiments, the bulge 383 may extend toward a proximal end of the torch (e.g., away from the torch tip). That is, the bulge 383 can be directed in the opposite direction that shield gas and plasma gas typically travel during use.
[00135] For example, referring more particularly to Figure 5, the directing flow path can be positioned so that the gas flows through the shielding gas flow channel and reaches the path that directs the flow 382, the gas typically comes into contact with a formed impact surface 384, where the flow-directing element (eg, the bulge) extends outward, away from the inner surface of the shield. As a result of this configuration, the path that directs the flow 382 (e.g., the bulge 383) disturbs the flow of shielding gas and temporarily directs it up and into the nozzle (e.g., the path that receives the flow 390).
[00136] The various trace elements that direct flow 382 (e.g., bulge 383 or impact surface 384) may each be formed continuously into one or more segments substantially circumferentially around shield 360. In some In embodiments, the flow directing path 382 can have a substantially uniform height over the shield.
[00137] The flow-receiving path 390 typically includes one or more elements that mate with elements of the path that directs the fluid 382 (e.g., bulge 383 and/or impact surface 384) to direct the flow. flow of shielding gas to the nozzle and shield and to evenly distribute the shielding gas evenly around orifice 314. As illustrated in Figure 5, in some embodiments, the flow receiving trace 390 includes a portion 392 (e.g. , a flow path, such as a rib, flange, deflector, projection, bulge, bulge, or other suitable physical element) that extends outward away from the outer surface of the nozzle into the flow of gas of direct protection. For example, rib 392 can direct the flow of shielding gas outward toward the shield. In particular, the rib 392 may be positioned complementary to the flow of shielding gas directly against the impact surface of the shield 384. While certain configurations have been described and illustrated, other configurations are possible. For example, as depicted in Figure 5A, some or all of the features described as being disposed along the nozzle (e.g., the flow receiving path 390) may alternatively be arranged along a surface of the nozzle and some or all traces described as being disposed along the shield (e.g., the flow directing trace 382) may alternatively be disposed along a surface of the nozzle.
[00138] Additionally or alternatively, the nozzle 350 may also include a path that receives flow from the nozzle 394 (e.g., a recess or groove) to receive and redirect a flow of gas that is directed proximally away from the tip of the torch. by the impact surface of the shield 384 and the bulge 383. In particular, the recess 394 may be formed within the outer surface of the nozzle and define a impact surface of the nozzle 398 for receiving and redirecting the flow of shielding gas.
[00139] The various trace elements receiving the flow 390 (e.g., the bulge 392, the recess 394, or the impact surface 398) may each be formed continuously or in one or more segments substantially circumferentially around of the nozzle 350.
[00140] During torch use, shielding gas flow 101 is typically directed to the torch tip in the annularly formed shielding gas flow channel 175 between nozzle 350 and shield 360. In some cases, the shielding gas flow 101 flows inconsistently circumferentially around the annular shielding gas flow channel 175, for example, as a result of flow being supplied through one or more discrete flow channels (for example, the ports 336) formed around the nozzle 350. To help alleviate inconsistencies, the flow 101 can be directed into the impact surface of the shield 384 and the bulge 383, which deflects and redirects the flow upwards (i.e., away from of the shield hole 314) and into the recess of the nozzle 394 and to the impact surface of the shield 398. In some cases, the bulge 392 helps the nozzle capture some or all of the fluxes that impinge on the impact surface of the shield. 384 to help limit the flow of shielding gas 101 from the upstream inadvertently flowing into the shielding gas flow channel 175. In contrast, the bulge of the nozzle 392 can help direct further downstream (e.g. , in the recess of the nozzle 394) and into the shield hole 314.
[00141] Directing the flow of shielding gas 101 upwards into the recess 394 (eg and into the mixing region 396 defined here) can have one or more effects on the flow. The traces along the nozzle and shield that define the mixing region 396 can also help to distribute the shielding gas more evenly within the shielding gas flow channel 175 circumferentially around the orifice 314. For example, the flow 101 may impinge on the impact surface of the shield 384 and the bulge 383 and, being directed upwards, the flow 101 may fill the recess of the nozzle 394 and be annularly distributed (e.g. may flow circumferentially) therein. While the recess 394 and mixing channel 396 are filled with shielding gas 101, the more evenly distributed flow can then be directed across the impact surface of nozzle 398 downstream and out of the shielding gas flow channel 175. through the shield hole 314 to surround a plasma arc. In some cases, the shielding gas stream exiting the mixing channel is substantially uniformly annularly distributed around the nozzle.
[00142] Flow distribution system 380 is typically disposed near the distal end (e.g. torch tip) near shield hole 314 (e.g. outlet port) to distribute gas flow around the shield to help create a more uniform flow of shielding gas exiting the shield hole 314. To help limit the influence of other flow paths from the shield or nozzle, the flow distribution system 380 is typically disposed closer to the 314 shield hole than most (e.g. all) other flux altering traces. For example, in some embodiments, the flux distribution system 380 (i.e., and therefore the related traces on the shield and nozzle associated with the flux distribution system 380) is typically disposed between the shield hole 314 and shield vent ports (e.g., metering holes 362) to limit inconsistent flow that can be caused by gas escaping from the shield gas flow channel 175 through vent openings 362. Additionally, in embodiments where the torch also includes a mixing channel 322, the mixing region 396 is typically disposed between the shield hole 314 (e.g. outlet hole) and the mixing channel 322.
[00143] While the features described above with respect to Figure 5 were primarily described as providing flow distribution to create a more uniform flow, these features can also provide greater cooling capabilities. For example, the flow of gas into the recess path on the outer surface of the nozzle, as indicated by the flow path extending from the inner surface of the shield, can cool the nozzle, at least in part, as a result of circulation, a turbulent flow is generated within the recess path.
[00144] In other aspects, nozzles used within torches may be sized, proportioned, and configured to have greater cooling capabilities either alone or in combination with any of the cooling systems or techniques discussed herein. In particular, the nozzles may be provided, designed, and constructed to have increased tip mass over the rest of the nozzle. That is, the nozzle may have a higher concentration of mass located at its distal tip (e.g., around or near the hole), which can help to promote conductive nozzle cooling for air-cooled torch embodiments. In particular, the increased mass of material at the distal end or in the nozzle, especially the increased material that extends radially away from the longitudinal axis, can provide greater heat transfer paths through which heat can circulate to the outside inside the nozzle and out of the torch tip. Additional heat conduction flow area is required to prevent premature failure of air-cooled torches for high current torches (e.g. greater than 100 Amp), increase consumables or cutting life, and maintain high quality high speed cutting, which can be activated based on the best cooling characteristics.
[00145] For example, in some embodiments, a mouthpiece may have a lower proximal end height longitudinally, a wider mouthpiece tip (e.g., a wider end face), thicker valve sidewalls, and/or have a longer hole (i.e. a thicker chamber floor) that can produce greater cooling effects, providing an increase in mass through which heat can travel for cooling.
[00146] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 6, a nozzle 500 for a gas-cooled plasma arc torch typically includes a body 502 (e.g., a generally hollow cylindrical body). In some embodiments, body 502 is formed from a metallic material, such as copper. Body 502 has a first proximal end 504 and a second distal end 506, and a longitudinal axis 508 extending substantially centrally through cylindrical body 502. Body 502 is typically formed by a cylindrical, generally annular wall 510 ( for example, a pressure chamber side wall) extending upwardly from a base frame 512 defined at the second end 506. The chamber side wall 510 defines an opening to accommodate an electrode when mounted on the torch. The width (e.g., the radial width) of the side wall of the pressure chamber is referred to herein as the thickness of the side wall 511 of the chamber.
[00147] The base frame 512 defines a hole 509 (e.g., a cylindrical hole or a conduit) normally formed centrally between a chamber floor 516 and a nozzle end face 518 disposed along the distal end 506. In some embodiments, the floor of chamber 516 is located along a surface or proximate trace where an electrode contacts the nozzle to initiate a plasma arc (eg, a contact start region). Hole 509 typically has a width 509A (e.g., diameter) and a length 509B (e.g., a length of conduit), and extends across the end face 518 through an opening 514 (e.g., a hole center nozzle outlet). As illustrated, in some embodiments, the hole 509 may include a surface modification along one or more of its corners, including a recess, a chamfer, a frusto-cone-shaped region, and/or a fillet at each end of the hole. its length (eg at its proximal and/or distal end). In some cases, hole 509 has a chamfer or countersunk hole at each end. Additionally or alternatively, the width of the hole 509 may vary along its length, or even have a non-uniform shape along its length.
[00148] The distance between the floor of chamber 516 and end face 518 is referred to herein as the thickness of the floor of pressure chamber 517 (e.g., a length of the distal portion). The length of hole 509B typically corresponds (e.g., can be equal to) the thickness of the floor of chamber 517. In some cases, surface modifications such as recesses, angled strokes, chamfers, or fillets may be included in the floor thickness of the chamber. chamber 517. The distance between the floor of chamber 516 and the proximal end 504 is referred to herein as a length of the proximal end 515. During use, plasma gas may flow through the hole and be expelled from the nozzle at the outlet hole 514. .
[00149] Proximal end 504 is typically formed and configured to fit one or more torch features or components. For example, in some embodiments, the terminal end of the nozzle 504 may be configured to fit against a swirl ring disposed within the torch.
[00150] In some embodiments, the nozzle has a nozzle body length 520 that is defined by its nozzle portion (i.e. unique to a flange portion that may be included as illustrated in Figure 6) and a nozzle width 522 in a direction that is perpendicular (e.g., transversely) to the longitudinal axis and length. That is, the length of the nozzle 520 may include the length of the proximal end 515 and the length of the distal portion 517, but not the length associated with additional flanges that may be arranged to mount the nozzle (e.g., a nozzle body flange). 530 discussed below).
[00151] The mouthpiece may also include the body flange 530 at the proximal end, which can be used to position the mouthpiece or to implement various cooling functions and techniques. In some embodiments, the length of the proximal end 515A includes the distance between the floor of the chamber 516 and the end of the mouthpiece, including the flange 530. As such, an overall length of the mouthpiece body 524 may be defined by a distance from a proximal end of the nozzle body flange 530 to the end face 518. In some embodiments, the nozzle may be designed such that the total length of the nozzle body 524 is greater than the length of the nozzle body 520. In some embodiments, the body flange (eg, flange 530) may extend above the nozzle chamber. In some embodiments, the body flange (eg, flange 530) may extend a small percentage (eg, from approximately 5 percent to about 40 percent) above the pressure chamber of the nozzle. In some embodiments, the body flange (e.g., flange 530) may extend from approximately 0.05 to about 0.5 inches above the pressure chamber of the nozzle.
[00152] As discussed above, the nozzle may have certain dimensions and proportions that are designed and expected to produce greater cooling capacities. For example, the nozzle body typically has a nozzle body length 520 that is greater than its nozzle body width 522 and where a ratio of the proximal end length 515A to the chamber floor thickness 517 is less than about two (eg, less than about 1.4). In some embodiments, a ratio of a length of the second proximal portion 504 (e.g., at least partially defined by the length of the proximal end 515A) to the length of conduit 509B is less than about 2 (e.g., less than about of 1.4). Such ratios are expected to allow a greater amount of heat to transfer through the nozzle, e.g. outwards (e.g. away from hole 509) and upwards (e.g. away from its end face 518). ).
[00153] Other plasma torch nozzles, e.g. nozzles formerly manufactured by Hypertherm of Hanover, NH have been sized and proportioned such that their ratios of proximal end length to chamber floor thickness (or length of hole) were greater than 2. For example, a mouthpiece (i.e., a 40 Amp mouthpiece identified by the number 2-014) has a proximal end length to orifice length that is about 2.98 . Likewise, another nozzle (ie, a 0.059 nozzle identified by the number 3-007) has a proximal end length to orifice length that is about 2.44.
[00154] In some embodiments, a ratio of the length of hole 509B to length of nozzle body 524 is greater than about 0.25 (e.g., greater than 0.30, greater than 0.32, or greater than 0.35). Nozzles with such proportions that the length of the hole (e.g. 509B), and therefore in some cases the thickness of the distal portion length, is relatively large compared to the length of the nozzle body (e.g. , the length of the nozzle body 520 or the length of the nozzle body 524) may have an increase in mass concentrated at the distal end, which may contribute to increased cooling. That is, increasing the amount of material disposed at the distal end is expected to provide greater thermal conductivity through which heat can transfer to the tip for cooling.
[00155] In some embodiments, a nozzle in which the ratio of the conduit length 509B (e.g., hole length) to the length of nozzle body 524 is greater than about 0.25 (e.g., greater than 0.30, greater than 0.32, or greater than 0.35) can also be configured to allow operation with a current greater than 170 amps per inch to 524 nozzle body length ratio.
[00156] Other plasma torch nozzles, e.g. nozzles formerly manufactured by Hypertherm of Hanover, NH have been sized and proportioned in such a way that their ratios between conduit length (or bore) and nozzle body length were at the lower end of the range. For example, such a nozzle (i.e., the 40 Amp nozzle identified by the number 2-014, referenced above) has a ratio that is about 0.25 between the conduit length (or hole) and the nozzle body length. . Likewise, another nozzle (ie, the 0.059 nozzle identified by the number 3-007, referenced above) has a 0.29 ratio of conduit (or orifice) length to nozzle body length.
[00157] The nozzle (e.g., nozzle 500) may include one or more of the features or elements discussed above with respect to Figures 2 to 5 that may be implemented to further increase the cooling capacity of the nozzle. For example, in some embodiments, flange 530 may include a coolant flow channel (e.g. substantially similar to gas channel 216 described above). In addition, the nozzle (e.g., flange 530 and/or pressure chamber sidewall 510) may include inlet and outlet passages for supplying the flow of gas to the flow channel, as described in connection with to Figure 2.
[00158] In some embodiments, a pressure chamber side wall thickness (e.g., pressure chamber side wall thickness 511) is between an inner diameter of the pressure chamber and an outer diameter of the pressure chamber, and the ratio of chamber side wall thickness to nozzle body width (e.g., nozzle body width 522) is from about 0.15 to about 0.19.
[00159] Although the nozzle 500 has been illustrated and described as having certain designs and features, other configurations are possible. That is, the nozzle may include one or more of the flow characteristics and elements as described above with respect to Figures 2 to 5, without departing from the dimensions and proportions described herein with respect to Figure 6, providing improved cooling properties.
[00160] Although certain modalities and configurations of systems and methods have been described here, other configurations are possible. That is, the various distribution and cooling systems described including the gas channel 216 (and related surfaces and passages), the nozzle cooling system 310, the nozzle guard cooling system 320, the flow distribution system 380, provided 500 with dimensions described with respect to the example illustrated in Figure 6 may be implemented within a torch system in any combination of one or more of these systems and devices. In some examples, a torch system may include the gas channel 216 (and related surfaces and passages), the nozzle cooling system 310, the nozzle guard cooling system 320, the flow distribution system 380 and /or a mouthpiece having the dimensions given in Figure 6.
[00161] While various embodiments have been described herein, it is to be understood that the same have been presented and described by way of example only, and the appended claims are not limited to any particular configurations or structural components. Thus, the breadth and scope of a preferred embodiment should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary structures or embodiments, but should be defined only in accordance with the following claims and their equivalents. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims.

权利要求:
Claims (15)
[0001]
1. Nozzle (200) for a gas-cooled plasma arc torch (50), the nozzle being CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises: a nozzle body (202) having a substantially cylindrical hollow proximal end (204) and a distal end (204). 206) which together define a length of the nozzle body and a longitudinal axis (208), the body (202) including; an exit orifice (215) defined by the distal end of the mouthpiece body (202); a pressure chamber within the nozzle body (202), the pressure chamber extends from the proximal end of the nozzle body (202) to the floor of the pressure chamber (212), a distance from the floor of the chamber (212) to the distal end defining a thickness of the floor of the pressure chamber, and a distance from the floor of the chamber (212) to the proximal end of the mouthpiece body (202) defining a length of the proximal end; and an orifice (214) extending from the floor of the pressure chamber (212) to the outlet orifice (215), the orifice (214) having an orifice length and an orifice width, wherein the nozzle body (214) 202) has a nozzle width in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis (208), wherein the nozzle body has a length that is greater than the nozzle width, and wherein the ratio between the length of the proximal end and the chamber floor thickness is less than 2.0.
[0002]
2. Nozzle (200) according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the nozzle (200) also comprises a body flange at the proximal end (204) of the nozzle body (202), an overall length of the nozzle (200) ) defined by a distance from a proximal end of the nozzle body flange to an end face at the distal end (206) of the nozzle (200), such that the overall length of the nozzle (200) is greater than the nozzle body length.
[0003]
3. Nozzle (200) according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED in that the body flange extends from about 0.13 to about 1.3 cm (about 0.05 to about 0.5 inches) above of the nozzle pressure chamber (212).
[0004]
4. Mouthpiece (200) according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the length of the proximal end includes the flange of the body.
[0005]
5. Nozzle (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the length of the hole (214) corresponds to the thickness of the chamber floor.
[0006]
6. Nozzle (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, CHARACTERIZED in that the hole (214) comprises a chamfer or a recessed hole.
[0007]
7. Nozzle (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, CHARACTERIZED in that the outlet hole (215) is on an end face of the nozzle (200).
[0008]
8. Nozzle (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the width of the hole (214) varies along its length.
[0009]
9. Nozzle (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, CHARACTERIZED in that the hole (214) has a chamfer or a recessed hole at each end of its length.
[0010]
10. Nozzle (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, CHARACTERIZED in that a ratio between the hole length and the nozzle body length is greater than about 0.32.
[0011]
11. Nozzle (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, CHARACTERIZED in that a pressure chamber side wall thickness is between an internal diameter of the pressure chamber and an external diameter of the pressure chamber, and the ratio of the chamber side wall thickness to the mouthpiece body width (202) is from about 0.15 to about 0.19.
[0012]
12. Nozzle (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, CHARACTERIZED in that a side wall of the pressure chamber further comprises one or more refrigerant gas passages.
[0013]
13. Nozzle (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, CHARACTERIZED in that the nozzle (200) is sized to operate on the plasma arc torch (50) at a current flow of at least 100 amps.
[0014]
14. Nozzle (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, CHARACTERIZED in that the ratio between the length of the proximal end and the thickness of the chamber floor is less than about 1.4.
[0015]
15. Plasma arc torch (50) CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises a nozzle (200) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 14.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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RU2016106108A|2017-08-30|

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US20150028002A1|2015-01-29|

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CN104339073B|2017-01-11|

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EP2901818A1|2015-08-05|

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BR112015011042A2|2019-12-17|

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US10716199B2|2020-07-14|

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US20150028001A1|2015-01-29|

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WO2015012973A1|2015-01-29|

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EP3793335A1|2021-03-17|

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US9326367B2|2016-04-26|

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CN104919902A|2015-09-16|

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法律状态:
2018-11-06| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

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2020-03-31| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

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2021-03-16| B07A| Application suspended after technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette]|

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2021-10-13| B350| Update of information on the portal [chapter 15.35 patent gazette]|

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2021-11-16| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2022-01-04| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 16/06/2014, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US201361858235P| true| 2013-07-25|2013-07-25|

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US61/858,235|2013-07-25|

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US14/091,116|2013-11-26|

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US14/090,392|2013-11-26|

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US14/091,116|US8698036B1|2013-07-25|2013-11-26|Devices for gas cooling plasma arc torches and related systems and methods|

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US14/090,392|US9144148B2|2013-07-25|2013-11-26|Devices for gas cooling plasma arc torches and related systems and methods|

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US14/091,016|US10716199B2|2013-07-25|2013-11-26|Devices for gas cooling plasma arc torches and related systems and methods|

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US14/091,016|2013-11-26|

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US14/090,577|2013-11-26|

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US14/090,577|US9326367B2|2013-07-25|2013-11-26|Devices for gas cooling plasma arc torches and related systems and methods|

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PCT/US2014/042475|WO2015012973A1|2013-07-25|2014-06-16|Devices for gas cooling plasma arc torches and related systems and methods|

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