BLOW MOLDED CONTAINER, PREFORM ASSEMBLY, AND METHOD FOR FORMING A PREFORM UNIT FOR BLOW MOLDING A CO

专利摘要:
container, preform assembly, and, method of forming a preform unit for blow molding a container. container comprising an inner container and an outer container with facing surfaces, wherein at least part of at least one of the facing surfaces has a surface roughness greater than about 0.1 µm and/or wherein the difference in roughness of said facing surfaces is at least a part greater than about 0.1 ra.
公开号:BR112015010859B1
申请号:R112015010859-8
申请日:2013-11-13
公开日:2021-06-29
发明作者:Arie Maarten Paauwe；Bart Jan Bax；Harold Marcel Blom
申请人:Heineken Supply Chain B.V.；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[0001] The invention relates to a container and preform assembly for such a container. The invention further relates to a method and apparatus for forming a container. The invention relates especially to blow molded plastic containers.
[0002] To form plastic containers, such as bottles, it is a well known technique to blow mold, for example to stretch by blow molding a container from an injection molded preform. Such preform comprises a neck portion comprising an opening in direct communication with an interior space of the preform and a body portion containing said interior space surrounded by a wall and bottom portion. During the blow molding process the preform is heated and placed inside a blow mold, after which a stretch rod is inserted into the preform and air is injected into the interior space to stretch the wall and portion. bottom, forcing them against the inside of the blow mold, bringing the container into the desired shape. Then the container is left to cool it to retain that shape.
[0003] It is commonly known to blow mold a container from a preform of a single material, which leads to a container of a single material, which has the same material properties on the outside, on the inside, and on the outside.
[0004] JP2000-062745 and JP06-345069 describe methods of forming a container, in which a multilayer preform is injection molded and then blown into a multilayer container. An opening is provided in the outer layer of the preform to the inner layer, such that in the container the inner layer may at least partially be forced away from the outer layer in the neck area to allow pressure balancing when the inner layer is deformed during use, for example when a product is dispensed from the interior space of the container. This means that the outer layer will remain, or at least retain its original blow molded shape, during or after such dispensing.
[005] EP1547768 describes a method for forming a blow molded container in which a preform is injection molded and then part of the outside of the preform is provided with an outer layer of plastic by means of a second step of molding. Then the preform is blown into a blow molded double layer container.
[006] WO91/08099 describes a method for forming a blow molded container, in which a first and a second preform are injection molded separately, in which thereafter the first having a neck portion is inserted into the interior space. of the second preform, without a neck portion. The outer surface of the first preform below the neck portion lies against the inner surface of the second outer preform. The two preforms are then blow molded together into a multilayer bottle. In this document it is discussed that this can increase the strength and impermeability of the blow molded container, and that it will increase efficiency and flexibility in the manufacturing process. This method is described as especially useful for containers that have a content of between 1.5 and 3 litres.
[007] WO092/012926 describes a multilayer bottle having a delamination inner layer blow molded from a multilayer preform. An opening provided close to the bottom portion of the container through the outer layer, such that air can be introduced through the opening, forcing the inner layer to peel. This means that the contents of the container can be pressurized without air coming into contact with the contents.
[008] In these and other known double-walled or multilayer containers, especially blow molded containers, in which it is desired or necessary that an inner layer or inner container can be released from an adjacent layer or container, such as a layer intermediate or external, such release is often a problem, especially controlled release at a sufficiently low pressure. This is especially, but not exclusively, a problem if similar or the same materials are used for both layers of containers. In the art it is known to use different materials for the inner and outer container or layer, which do not stick together when blow molding the container. Additionally or alternatively, it is known for example from WO91/09099 to provide a release agent between the two layers or containers to prevent such sticking of adjacent containers or layers, or at least their easy delamination.
[009] The present invention has as an objective to provide alternatives to the aforementioned containers and methods for forming containers.
[0010] The present invention has as another or alternative objective to provide containers that in the blow molded state have a content of more than 3 liters such as, but not limited to more than 5 liters, such as for example between 8 and 40 liters, such as 10, 20 or 30 liters.
[0011] The present invention has as another or alternative objective, to provide containers that are colored and/or comprise a scavenger to limit or prevent gas migration through the wall of a container and/or an oxygen scavenger and/or components of air.
[0012] The present invention has as another or alternative objective to provide a container in which an inner container or layer can easily release from an adjacent container or layer by controlling the pressure between said layers or containers, especially by increasing the pressure between said layers or containers. The pressure buildup preferably is kept relatively low, more preferably in accordance with a desired pressure within the container, to maintain the integrity of its contents.
[0013] Reference will be made herein to inner and outer containers or preforms which should either one or both also be understood to include inner and outer layers of a container or preform.
[0014] A preform assembly according to the description may be characterized by at least one outer preform and one inner preform fitting at least partially within the outer preform, both having a neck-forming portion , a shoulder-forming portion and a body-forming portion. At least one of the inner and outer preform has a surface region in contact with the other of the inner and outer preform, in which at least part of said region has a surface roughness of at least 0.1 Ra and/or a surface roughness which is at least 0.1 Ra higher than the surface roughness of the surface area of the other of the inner and outer preform, and with which it is in contact. Alternatively or additionally, said at least part of the surface region has a roughness such that in an integrally blow molded container of said set of preforms, the surface area of one of the containers formed from said surface region has a surface roughness. of at least 0.1 Ra and/or a surface roughness of at least 0.1 Ra higher than the surface roughness of an adjacent surface area of the adjacent container.
[0015] A container according to the description can be characterized by an inner container and an outer container with facing surfaces. At least part of at least one of the facing surfaces has a surface roughness higher than approximately 0.1 Ra. Additionally or alternatively, a difference in roughness of said facing surfaces is at least about a part more than approximately 0.1 Ra. The container is preferably blow molded from a preform or set of preforms, more preferably integrally blow molded from a set of preforms comprising at least one inner preform and one preform. shape and exterior.
[0016] A method of forming a preform assembly for blow molding a container according to the description can be characterized by a method in which a first preform is injection molded and a second preform is molded by injection, in which the first preform is inserted into the second preform and/or the second preform is supplied over the first preform. At least one of the preforms, preferably the first preform, is injection molded from a plastic mass containing particles other than plastic, especially metal and/or metallized particles, such as metal and/or metallized flakes .
[0017] An apparatus for providing a preform assembly may be characterized by comprising at least a first mold cavity to form a first preform and at least a second mold cavity to form a second preform. The apparatus may further comprise at least one transfer device for moving a first preform into a second preform and/or a second preform onto a first preform.
[0018] Some other advantageous embodiments of a preform, container, method and apparatus assembly are described in the further claims. Some embodiments will be described hereinafter in relation to the drawings by way of example only, and which should not by any means be understood as limiting in any way the scope of the invention as claimed. This shows: Figure 1, schematically in cross section a set of preform in a first modality; Figure 1A schematically shows a detail of the neck area of a preform assembly; Figure 2, schematically, in cross section a preform assembly in a second embodiment; Figure 3, schematically, in cross section a preform assembly in a third mode; figure 4, schematically, partially in cross-section, a container in a first embodiment; figure 5, schematically, partially in cross-section, a container in a second embodiment; figure 6, schematically, a preform and container assembly; figure 7, schematically, a neck portion of a container with a closure in a first embodiment; and figure 8, schematically, a neck portion of a container with closure in a second embodiment;
[0019] Figure 9, in exploded view, an alternative embodiment of a preform assembly with a closing ring; figure 10A, in top view, an upper part of a preform set or a container blow molded from a preform set, especially one according to figure 9; Figure 10B, in cross section along line X-X in Figure 10A an upper part of a container; figures 11A and B, schematically, an upper part of a container with a faucet assembly in two alternative settings; Figures 12A and B, schematically and partially in cross-section, part of a container showing a surface region having a surface roughness; Figures 13a and B, in two embodiments part of a wall of a non-scale container having particles dispersed therein; Figure 14 shows the initial pressure and dispersion at the initial pressure for four containers.
[0020] In this description and in the drawings the same elements or like elements have the same corresponding reference signs or signs. The modalities shown and/or described are provided by way of example only, and should not be considered limiting in any way. Several variations are possible within the scope of the present description, which variations for example of parts, and/or combinations of parts of the shown embodiments are also considered to have been described.
[0021] In this description, blow molding has been understood as at least comprising, but not limited to stretch blow molding, where a preform is heated and stretched along its length and blown to a desired shape. During stretching along the length the preform may already be blown to some extent.
[0022] In this description, a preform, which may also be a "parison", is to be understood as at a minimum including, but not limited to, an injection molded plastic element to be blown into a blow molded container. In this description, preforms should be described for blow molded containers that basically have a bottle shape including a neck portion, a body portion and a bottom portion, but it will be obvious to anyone skilled in the art that different container shapes can be made. using different forms of preforms that fall within the same innovative concept. A preform can be single or multi-layered. A multilayer preform can be fabricated using well known techniques such as, but not limited to, coinjection, coextrusion or overmolding. A multilayer preform may have a delamination layer or layers. Preform sets or assemblies can be formed from two or more assembled or molded preforms, for example, by overmolding.
[0023] In this description, words such as approximately and substantially should be understood to mean that variations of a given value to which it refers are permissible within the given definition, which variations may be at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, plus preferably at least 15% of the value provided. In this description top and bottom, bottom top, and the like are used in their common sense, as for example shown in figure 4 with respect to a container that rests on a bottom portion 6.
[0024] In this description preforms and containers will be discussed made from PET or blends of PET. However, preforms and containers in accordance with the present description could also be made of different materials, mixtures or combinations of materials, such as, but not limited to, polypropylene, polystyrene, PEN, polyethylene, polycarbonate, PBT, mixtures or combinations of the above. In the case of PET or PET blends, standard PET is to be understood in this regard as at least including PET with no additives added to prevent crystallization of the PET during formation, such as injection molding of a preform.
[0025] In this description reference should be made to containers for holding and dispensing beverages, especially carbonated beverages such as beer and soft drinks. However, other contents can be stored and distributed using a container in accordance with this description.
[0026] In the present description preforms may be formed of a plastic material which can stretch blow molded into a container having a relatively thin wall, or combination of walls, in which the preform is substantially amorphous while the bottle is at least partially crystalline. Preferably the preform is formed of a material substantially free of additives that prevent crystallization, such as glycol or comonomers such as isophthalic acid or cyclohexanedimethanol. It has been recognized that such additives may be favorable in injection molding a substantially amorphous preform, however these additives remain in the blown container which is detrimental to the strength and/or rigidity of the container. The preforms are preferably injection molded having a sufficiently small wall thickness to substantially prevent crystallization of the plastic material.
[0027] In this description stretch blow molding is described for forming containers from preform assemblies. These containers are preferably blow molded at a temperature just above the glass transition temperature of the plastic material. More preferably, the plastic material is conditioned stretched and oriented just above the glass transition temperature of the plastic material.
[0028] In a container according to this description the plastic material can have 1 degree of crystallization. In embodiments the preforms of a preform assembly may be stretch blow molded such that they obtain a different degree of crystallization. This effect can be achieved by stretching the plastic material of the different preforms to a different ratio, especially a different axial ratio, arc ratio and/or blow ratio, stretching and blow molding at different temperatures, influencing heating temperatures and/or cooling of the different preforms, or by combinations of them. In other embodiments, different preforms from the set can be made from different materials or blends.
[0029] In all of the described or described embodiments an axial length of an inner preform may be less than the axial length of the outer container and/or a diameter of the inner preform may be less than the inner diameter of the container exterior, such that adjacent parts of the preforms can be spaced apart, allowing the inner container to be stretched and/or blown either axially or diametrically, or in both directions, before the outer container is directly or indirectly engaged with it, and that it is stretched and/or also blow molded.
[0030] In a container according to the description there are preferably at least one inner container and one outer container, the inner container formed from an inner preform, the outer container formed from an outer preform. Interior is to be understood as at the very least meaning extending substantially within the outer preform or container, and does not necessarily refer to an innermost preform or container. Preferably at least one of, and more preferably both of the outer and inner container, have areas of crystallization connected by amorphous portions. In one embodiment the outer container may have a lower degree of crystallization than the inner container, such that the inner container is stronger and the outer container is more impact resistant. The outer container may, for example, have a crystallization rate of between 14 and 22% of the material, preferably measured by volume while the inner container may, for example, have a higher crystallization rate, for example, between 22 and 35 % or higher, such as between 28 and 32%, in which higher grades are preferred. This can, for example, be achieved by increasing the temperature of the inner preform or by stretching by blow molding to a higher ratio.
[0031] In container embodiments according to this description, a part of at least the wall of a body-forming portion and/or the bottom-forming portion of an inner or outer container may be made thicker than the others parts of the same body-forming portion or bottom-forming portion. Surprisingly it has been recognized that such areas in blow-drawn molded containers, especially in crystallizing materials, form weak areas of the containers, which can be exploited to provide projected failure areas in the container. This should be understood to mean at the very least that if, for example, the internal pressure in the container is becoming higher than a desired maximum value, or if the container is punctured, resulting in sudden pressure changes, the container will fail to principally or entirely in at least one of these projected areas of failure. This can further enhance user security.
[0032] In the present description preforms and containers formed therefrom are described made of plastic. For this purpose a plastic mass is used, for example formed from plastic vanes that fuse, or the like, in a known manner, for example in an extruder, which mass is then injection molded in a known manner for the or each pre. -form. In this description for such a mass particles can be added, other than the plastic from which the mass is made. Particles should be understood at a minimum as, but not limited to, entities that are relatively small compared, for example, to the wall thickness of the preforms, and will be contained in a dispersed manner throughout the entire preform made of said mass. , and so also through the container or at least part of it made of said mass comprising said particles. The particles can be flake and can be made from, or using or metallizing. The particles are preferably made of a material such that they maintain their integrity during both injection molding and blow molding.
[0033] In this description flakes should be understood to include, but not limited to, particles that have a substantially sheet-like appearance, which could be understood to have a thickness in one direction less than in directions perpendicular to said one direction. The particles can be of any shape or form, for example, having one or more curved surfaces or flat surfaces. Particles may have or be at least partially enveloped in a cover layer of a different material, eg material that has a lower melting temperature than plastic, or a lower melting temperature than transition from glass to plastic. The cover layer can be made for example of a wax or material such as wax. In a preferred embodiment, material of the cover layer is primarily contained within the wall of the preform and/or relevant container formed therefrom, such that it is not precipitated from the wall. In a preform formed from such a mass, the particles are believed to be contained in a dispersed manner between the plastic's monomer and/or polymer chains. The material that at least partially covers the particles can interact with the monomers and/or polymers of parts of it. In embodiments the particles can be distributed substantially evenly across the wall of a container or part thereof formed from the preform. In embodiments the particles may be unevenly distributed through the wall of a container or part thereof formed from the preform, for example, such that during injection molding and/or blow molding, at least part of the particles is positioned in or near a surface or surface area of the preform and/or container.
[0034] It has been found that by providing such particles on the wall of a preform and blow molding a container from said preform, at least one surface or surface area or region of the container facing a wall of an adjacent container, especially the part of the container against which said surface region or the area so (sis ) compressed during blow molding, will be provided having a higher surface roughness than that which would be obtained without said particles. Even if the amount of particles is relatively small, for example between 0.2 and 5% by weight of the preform, more specifically between 0.3 and 3% by weight. It has been found that surface roughness can be increased to, for example, above 1 Ra, more specifically above 0.3 Ra, such as, for example, approximately 0.35 Ra or more for a blow molded container from a preform made with PET or a blend of PET which should have a surface roughness of between approximately 0.05 and 0.1 when formed from a preform without such particles. Surprisingly it has been found that by increasing the surface roughness of a surface region or area of a container facing the adjacent container, in which the former may for example be an inner container and the latter the outer container, or vice versa, pressure required to release the relevant surface area of the inner container from the outer container and/or vice versa, can be significantly reduced compared to the same container having identical inner and outer containers formed without such the surface area having a roughness increased surface.
[0035] In advantageous embodiments of the present description, in at least one shoulder region of a container, such surface area or region is provided having a surface roughness of at least approximately 0.1 Ra and/or approximately 0.1 Ra higher than than that surface area of the other container in contact with it. It has been found that especially in such an area should shoulder release the walls of the inner and outer containers from each other, i.e. forcing them sufficiently apart to allow pressure fluid, such as a gas especially air, or a liquid such as for example water, such as chilled water, to pass into the space around the body-forming region of the inner container requires relatively high pressures which can be significantly reduced by increasing said surface roughness. Chilled water as the pressure medium can have the advantage that it will add to cooling or at the very least keep the contents of the container cool during use.
[0036] In advantageous embodiments of the present invention, in addition to providing such particles or as an alternative thereto to increase the surface roughness of at least part of a surface of a preform or container, such part of a preform or container it can be roughened in a different way, for example, by chemically or mechanically working said surface area, for example, by chemical etching, blasting with sand, glass or ice, sanding, grinding or similar, providing texture over said surface area. Alternatively, the injection mold in which the relevant preform is to be injection molded should be provided with a surface area that has an increased surface roughness, such that preforms are obtained with such a mold that results in a molded container. by blowing which has the surface portion with desired roughness, with a surface roughness above 0.1 Ra, more specifically above 0.3 Ra, such as for example between 0.3 and 1 Ra, for example between 0.3 and 0.7 Ra. Obviously, such modalities can be combined with adding said particles to the plastic mass to form the preform.
[0037] In a preform, especially an inner preform or an inner container formed therefrom, preferably the wall of at least one neck region and its body-forming portion is substantially opaque or non-transparent, and preferably is colored silver . In this description the color indication of silver is to be understood at the very least to mean having an overall impression of a color similar to silver which may include, for example, the appearance of. or provided by aluminum or its alloys, platinum, titanium, cold or hot ash, or the like. Preferably the particles provide at least partial light reflection. Silver may, for example, be comparable to, but is not limited to, Pantone color PMS420 to 431,535 to 537, 5425, 5435, 5445 cold gray 3 to 9 or warm gray 3 to 9 or as supplied by Holland Colours, The Netherlands, as Holcobatch Silver.
[0038] In embodiments of the present invention the entire surface of a preform or container, or at least a body-forming and shoulder-forming region thereof, may have substantially the same surface roughness of more than approximately 0.1 Ra , more particularly more than approximately 0.3 Ra, in the blow molded container. In alternative embodiments, only part of said surface may have such surface roughness, the surface roughness of the other container being lower than 0.1 Ra.
[0039] In this description the surface roughness expressed in μm Ra and should be understood at least as defined in ISO 4287 or similar. Areas which have an increased surface roughness, especially a surface roughness of more than 0.1 Ra are preferably provided such that Ry of Rz are not so high, eg below 2, more preferably below 1. A surface roughness in this description preferably means a texture of said surface area which is randomly or at least semi-randomly defined, whose texture may, for example, be comparable to sandpaper or orange peel.
[0040] It has been found that by providing said surface area with an increased surface roughness, especially above approximately 0.1 Ra, more especially above approximately 0.3 Ra, even more specifically approximately 0.35 Ra or more and/or providing containers which have confronting surface areas having a surface roughness difference of at least approximately 0.1 Ra, more especially above approximately 0.3 Ra, even more specifically approximately 0.35 Ra or more, the use of a binding agent between said Surface areas or even between the inner and outer container is no longer needed, or may at the very least be limited in view of known preform assemblies and therefore the blow molded container generally referred to as BIC or BIB containers. This can have economic advantages since no or less release agents must be applied, as well as technical and environmental advantages. One advantage might be that since no or fewer release agents are needed, the problem that additional time the release agent will spend can be avoided. In the known art the release agent is used covering approximately the entire contact surface between an inner and outer container, applying the release agent between the inner and outer preforms. When these assembled preforms are stored prior to use, i.e. prior to blow molding, for example in-line in a filling line, the release agent may flow due to gravity to the lowest point of the preform assembly. way, which could mean that the force required to separate the parts of the containers from which the release agent has flown will again increase significantly. In a preform assembly in accordance with the present invention, only a limited supply or no release agent at all is needed while a rough surface area can help keep the release agent from flowing, better than a smoother surface.
[0041] In this description preform set and preform set are used as interchangeable unless otherwise indicated. In this description, in a container blow molded from a preform, preform assembly or preform set an inner layer is obtained, also referred to as an inner container or bag, formed generally from the inner preform or first preform, and an outer layer also referred to as an outer container, formed generally from the outer preform or second preform. As discussed, inner and outer in this connection is to be understood to mean that the inner layer of the container is positioned at least or for the most part within the outer layer or container, while an interface or space is provided between said inner layer or container. and outer, however they do not necessarily have to be the innermost and innermost layers or containers, as for example shown in figure 3. In the further description an inner preform may also be referred to as first preform, an outer preform as second preform unless specifically defined differently.
[0042] In figures 1 to 3, schematically a preform assembly 1 is shown comprising a first preform 2 positioned within a second preform 3. The first and second preforms 2, 3 may be injection molded separately in single or multi-cavity molds, whereafter the first preform 2 can be inserted into the second preform 3 by relative movement of the preforms 2 and 3. Alternatively, they could be made integrally , for example, using overmolding techniques known in the art. In the embodiments shown the preform assembly has a neck 4 and a body 5 extending from the neck 4 closed at the end opposite the neck 4 by a bottom 6 as part of the body 5. In the embodiment shown the first preform 2 comprises a neck portion 7 and a body-forming portion 8. The second preform also comprises a neck portion 9 and a body-forming portion 10. In the position as shown in Figure 1 the body-forming portion 8 of the first preform. form 2 extends within the body-forming portion 10 of the second preform 3, while the neck portion 7 of the first preform 2 substantially extends within the neck portion 9 of the second preform 3. Obviously, the preform interior 2 could also extend partially outside the outer preform 3.
[0043] The body-forming portion 8 of the first preform 2 may have a wall 11 extending at least between the neck portion 7 and a bottom-forming portion 12 of the first preform 2 which has a thickness W1 of minus than approximately 8 mm. The wall thickness W1 of wall 11 can be less than approximately 6 mm. The body-forming portion 10 of the second preform 3 may have a wall 13 extending at least between the neck portion 9 and a body-forming portion 14 of the second preform 3, which has a thickness W2 of less than approximately 8 mm. The wall thickness W2 of wall 13 can be less than approximately 6 mm. The wall thickness W1 of the first preform 2 can be less than the wall thickness W2 of the second preform 3 or vice versa. In another embodiment the wall thicknesses W1 and W2 can be approximately the same. The wall thicknesses W3, W4 of the bottom-forming portions 12, 14 of the first and second preforms 2, 3 can be smaller than the thicknesses W1, W2 of the walls 11, 13 connected to them. In another embodiment the thicknesses can be similar or greater. In embodiments for forming a container of the BIC or BIB type in which the inner container can be compressed to distribute the contents by pressurizing the space between the inner and outer container as will be discussed hereinafter, the inner preform 2 can at least in the body-forming portion for example, have a wall thickness W1 close to a minimum wall thickness obtainable by injection molding said preform 2, while outer preform 3 may, at least in the body-forming portion, have a wall thickness close to the maximum allowable wall thickness for injection molding said preform without thermal crystallization. The wall thickness W1 can be significantly less than the second wall thickness W2, for example half or less than this.
[0044] When a container 20 is blow molded from the preform assembly 1 for example in figure 1 or 2, the container 20 as shown in figure 4 will have an inner layer 2A formed from the first preform 2 and an outer layer 3A formed from the second preform 3. The layers 2A, 3A should in the body portion 5A of the container 20 have thicknesses W5, W6 respectively defined mainly by the original wall thicknesses W1, W2 of the preforms 2 , 3, respectively, and the extent to which the preforms are stretched. In an advantageous embodiment, during blow molding of container 20 the body-forming portion 8 of the first preform 2 will be further stretched, i.e., to a higher extent than the body portion 10 of the second preform 3. In one embodiment this is done such that the inner layer 2A will be stronger but more friable than the second outer layer 3A which will be less rigid but more ductile. In another embodiment the preforms 2, 3 can be substantially equally stretched, resulting in similar material properties. In another modality the preforms can be heated to and/or blow molded at different temperatures, influencing crystallization. Combinations of these modalities are also possible.
[0045] For blow molding container of a dimension above 3 liters, especially above 5 liters, such as carbonated beverage containers having a volume of approximately 10 liters or more, which uses a single preform, a preform shape will typically have a wall thickness of more than approximately 6 to 8 mm. By reducing the wall thickness W1, W2 of the preforms 2, 3, especially below approximately 8mm, more preferably close to or below 6mm, the cycle time for injection molding the preforms will be significantly reduced on unique preforms, for injection molding of containers sized the same. Furthermore, better mechanical properties can be obtained while, for example, impermeability to gases such as O2 and CO2 can be optimized. As indicated, additives can be added to the different preforms so that they do not interfere with each other or with the materials used for the preforms, which materials may be different or the same for preforms 2, 3.
[0046] It has been recognized here that by injection molding the preforms of a plastic subject to crystallization, such as PET, reducing the wall thicknesses of the 2, 3 preforms to approximately or below 8 mm, preferably to approximately or below 6mm at least for the parts to be stretched later, crystallization of the plastic material in the preform can easily be prevented substantially, or preferably entirely, even with standard PET, while the preform can be stretched to such an extent what crystallization on the container wall can be obtained. This can eliminate the need to use plastic grades or more expensive and more difficult to handle. Furthermore, using standard grade plastics, such as but not limited to PET, can have the advantage that plastic, especially a blow molded container, will therefore have better mechanical properties and especially will be less subject to flow. By using no or substantially no additives for preventing crystallization in the plastic, such as glycol or such other additives known in the art, the preform can be stretched blow molded into a relatively strong and/or rigid container, since such additives will not be present in the container. An optimized stretch ratio can be achieved, resulting in a light and strong container. Since the container is blow molded from a preform, it can have specific mechanical properties while the blow molded part of the container from another of the preforms in the preform assembly, the latter can be made, for example, more bendable, more flexible, more shock absorbent, or otherwise having different mechanical and/or chemical properties.
[0047] Using different assembled and molded preforms stretched by blowing into a container, the preforms can be used, for example, for heat transfer and heat absorption properties. By correcting for example the coloration of one of the preforms compared to the or every other preform, the heating of the preforms can be optimized. For example, an inner preform can be made darker than the outer preform, resulting in the advantage that when the preforms are heated together from an exterior of the preforms, heat will be better absorbed by the preform. -inner shape than by the outer preform. Since the inner preform will be further away from the heating source than the outer preform, this will lead to even more optimized heating, especially a more balanced heating of the preforms. Alternatively or following color differences between the preforms, adjacent surfaces of the preforms can be optimized, for example by improving surface roughness to influence heat transfer from the outer preform to the inner preform or vice versa, correcting the interface between the preforms. Obviously, since the neck portions of the preforms will not be substantially deformed during blow molding, the above is especially relevant for the parts of the preforms that will be heated and stretched.
[0048] In one embodiment the outer preform 3 may be made of a highly impact resistant polymer, stretch blow moldable material, preferably a material having an impact strength of more than 250 according to the test standard Izod impact plate. Such a material can for example be, but is not limited to, modified nylon, reinforced nylon 6.6, polycarbonate blends, the impact-modified PBT, and impact-modified PBT/PET. Such impact resistant materials will provide an outer container that can prevent to a high degree the container 20 from uncontrollably exploding, for example, when punctured. In another embodiment at least one of the first and second preform or container may be provided with an integral layer of such high impact material.
[0049] In this description, a wall thickness W is to be understood as an average thickness of a wall or relevant part of it. Preferably the thickness of the walls of preform body-forming portions 2, 3, except possibly for the bottom-forming portions and possibly an area 15 near the transition from the neck portion to the body-forming portion, is substantially constant or it has a substantially smooth course.
[0050] As shown in more detail in Figure 1A the neck portion 7 of the first preform 2 may have an outwardly reaching flange 22 together or on a free edge thereof 23 while the neck portion 4 of the second preform 3 it may have a first portion 24 near its free edge 25 and a second portion 26 between said first portion 24 and the body-forming portion 10. The first portion 24 is slightly wider than the second portion 26, such as the flange 22 it can cross the transition 27 between the first and second portions 24, 26 and cannot pass the second portion 26. Thus, the first preform 2 is again prevented from being inserted further into the second preform 3 while when a container 20 is blown there from the second portion 26 of the second preform 3 will extend and be wrapped between the flange 22 and the body-forming portion 8 of the inner layer 2A of the wall, such that the inner layer 2A is held in position. in relation to the outer layer 3A mechanically, even if no adhesion or other means of connection between said layers 2A, 3A is present. Obviously, other means can be provided for locking the first preform with respect to the second preform.
[0051] In one embodiment the neck portion 9 of the second preform 3 may have at least one and, for example, two outwardly extending flanges. In one embodiment two flanges 28, 29 may be provided extending substantially parallel to each other. In one embodiment a flange 28 may extend at or along a level of the transition 27 between the first and second portions 24, 26, such that this flange may help to retain the shape of the relevant portion of the neck 4, thereby further preventing that the inner layer or preform 2 comes loose from the outer layer or preform 3. In one embodiment another flange 29 may be provided between the first flange 28 and the body 5 and may be used for example, but not limited to, for engagement during transfer of the preform 3 or preform assembly during transport of the assembly during blow molding, during filling, and for attachment of a cover, cap, valve assembly, dispensing device, or other means. This flange may also aid in shape retention of the neck 4. In one embodiment the flange 29 may extend further outward than the first flange 28. In embodiments only one flange may be provided.
[0052] A preform set 1 can be made of PET or PET blends. In one embodiment the first preform 2 can be made of virgin plastic material or at least a food or beverage grade plastic material. In one embodiment the second preform 3 can be made of recycled plastic material. In one embodiment an additive can be provided in the plastic material, to influence, especially reduce gas migration through the container wall such as, but not limited to, for example, an O2 or CO2 barrier. In an embodiment one of the first and second preforms 2 and 3 may comprise a barrier scavenger material for gas migrating to or through the plastic material. The barrier material can be or contain a scavenger such as an O2 scavenger. In an alternative embodiment the barrier or scavenger material can be for a different gas such as, but not limited to, CO2. An additive that prevents or limits gas migration and/or a scavenger can have the benefit that, for example, oxidation of the contents of a container 20 blown from the preform assembly 1 can be prevented or at least limited. In an embodiment one of the first and second preforms 2, 3 may comprise a colorant such as, but not limited to, green, brown, blue, yellow or red. Coloring the preform 2, 3 and thus a container 20 to be formed with it, can have the advantage of protecting the contents of the container and/or the container itself from deterioration, or at the very least influencing the contents by, for example, radiation. In one embodiment the first preform 2 may comprise the gas migration limiting or preventing additive and/or the cleaner while the gas migration limiting or preventing additive and/or cleaner and the colorant can be supplied in the same preform. -form or in different preforms. Especially in containers of the BIC or BIB type it is preferable that most if not all of the additives and barrier elements are provided in and/or on the inner preform. An advantage of adding a gas migration limiting or preventing additive and/or a cleaner to one of the preforms only may be that less of the additive and/or cleaner is needed in the preform set 1, reducing the cost of relatively expensive additives and/or cleaners. Preferably at least approximately 3% by weight of cleaner is added to the plastic material. Such a scavenger can, for example, be an oxygen scavenger or a CO2 scavenger. Obviously, other materials or blends can be used such as, but not limited to, PVC, PP or PAN.
[0053] In one embodiment the first preform 2 and/or the second preform 3 may be provided with at least one and preferably several openings 30 in the neck-forming portion extending through it. The opening or openings 30 may be provided below a free edge 23 of the first preform 2. In an embodiment having a first flange 28 the or each opening 30 may be provided at a level on or just below the first flange. In an embodiment having a transition 27, the or each opening may be provided just below said transition 27. In an embodiment having at least two flanges 28, 29 the or each opening 30 may be provided at a level between the first and the second flange 28, 29. Apertures 30 can be provided at different levels.
[0054] In the embodiments shown, the or each opening 30 opens on one side to an interior V1 of the preform assembly 1 and thus to an interior space V of a bottle 20 blown therefrom. In embodiments in which the or each opening 30 is provided in the outer preform 3 as, for example, shown in Figures 9 to 11 or between the neck regions of the inner and outer preforms 2, 3 or containers 2A, 3A per example in axial direction parallel to the geometric axis L the opening 30 will open towards the environment or at least in one direction away from the interior volume V, V1. On the opposite side, the or each opening 30 may open into the space 31 between the neck-forming portion 7 of the first preform 2 and the neck-forming portion 9 of the second preform 3. The space 31 may be provided with spacers. 32 such as ribs, notches, or other elements extending between part of the portions forming the neck 7, 9 below the free edge 23. These spacers can have the advantage that they keep at least part of the outside of the neck portion 7 of the first preform spaced from at least part of the second preform 3, at least its inner surface. In a preferred embodiment two spacers 32 may extend to a shoulder portion 50 of the container 20 or preform assembly 1. This results in space between an inner and outer wall in the shoulder portion of the blow molded container and that of the preform assembly. preform 1. This can have the advantage that a pressure fluid, especially a pressure gas, can be brought more easily between an inner and outer wall portion of the container body 20, which can result in more pressure buildup. balanced, advantageous for a homogeneous distribution pattern of the beverage from the container 20. The space 31 may extend even further between the body-forming portions of the inner and outer preforms 2, 3 or containers 2A, 3A.
[0055] A lid 33 may be provided in and/or over the container 20 as shown schematically for example in figures 5, 7, 8 and 10. The lid 33 may be provided in any suitable manner such as, for example, but not limited to welding, such as but not limited to ultrasonic welding, friction welding, fitting, press fit, screw threads, bayonet closure, gluing, or other suitable means. The lid 33 closes the internal volume of the container 20. A dispensing opening 34 is provided in the lid 33. In one embodiment a valve 35 may be provided in the dispensing opening, which may be a known beverage valve such as, but not limited to a beer valve. In the embodiment shown valve 35 is provided in and over opening 34 by plug connection 42, in which opening 34 is larger than plug plate 42A of plug connection. This can provide the possibility of providing the cap 33 before blow molding the preforms to a container, while the snap connection can be made after filling the container through the opening 34. In another embodiment the valve 35 can be provided in a different way, for example by welding, screwing, press fitting and/or providing a plastic valve assembly which can, for example, be made partially or entirely integrally with the cap 33. Preferably with a preform assembly 1 according to the description, the preform sets are blow molded in-line with a filling and closing apparatus considerably reducing transport and storage volumes. In one embodiment the valve 35 may be a spray can type valve, for example a male or female type of spray can type valve. Such valves are well known in the art. Examples of such valves are described for beverage containers in NL1012802, 1012921 and NL1012922, incorporated herein by reference. Alternatively, the valve and generally the upper end of the container, including a closure or mounting ring, may be as described in non-prepublished application NL2009731 or NL2009732. In embodiments, a pressure regulating device, for example as described in the above-referenced and incorporated patents, can be provided inside the container, especially inside the beverage, or between an inner and outer wall portion of the container, to maintain an internal pressure. in the container. When using the container for a carbonated beverage, the internal pressure is then preferably maintained at an equilibrium pressure for CO2 in the beverage. In another embodiment a spray can type valve can be used suitable for both introducing a gas into the container and dispensing a drink from the container. Such a valve is for example known from WO 2008/048098.
[0056] When for example a compressor or pump is provided to pressurize the container 20, for example by compressing fluid into the interior volume V of the container or more preferably into the space 31 between the walls 2A, 3A of the container 20, it can be It is preferred that the same compressor or pump can be used to pump especially such fluid from container 20, preferably such that the container bends at least to some extent, especially such that the overall volume of the container is significantly reduced. This can, for example, be achieved by means of a compressor or pump that is reversible.
[0057] When one or more openings 30 are provided in the neck portion 7, 9 as discussed herein above, for example on an inner or outer side thereof, a pressure fluid supply opening 36 may be provided in the cap in direct communication with at least one of the openings 30. In the embodiment as shown schematically in Figure 8, a circumferential groove 38 is provided in the lid open to the inner surface of the neck portion 7 into which the groove 38 of the supply opening opens. The slot 38 is sealed against the inner side 37 of the neck portion 7, 9 such that a pressurized fluid cannot flow from the slot 38 into the inner volume V of the container 20. Pressurized fluid such as gas, e.g., air or cooled water supplied through opening 37, thus flows through slot 38 into at least one of openings 30 or into space 31 or at least between neck portions 7, 9 of preforms 2, 3. From there the pressurized fluid can then flow between the layers of the wall and the body of the compressed container the inner layer 2A away from the outer layer 3A in the body 5A of the container 20. This will pressurize the inner layer and thus the beverage contained therein, forcing the beverage through the dispensing opening 34 in the lid 33.
[0058] It has been recognized that a substantially hemispheric bottom-forming portion of the inner and outer containers may require less pressure to release the inner container or outer layer than a petal-shaped bottom-forming portion of the container.
[0059] In another embodiment, not shown, a tap rod or tap lance can be inserted into the opening. A tap lance or tap rod is well known in the art, for example, of beer kegs. One type is a tap lance which has a two or three lug Sankey valve assembly that can be mounted on or over the neck 4 of the container 20. Another well known type of tap lance is a flat head valve assembly that can be mounted in and/or over the neck of the container. Such a faucet stem or faucet lance has a gas supply valve and a beverage dispensing valve which can be operated by a faucet head. In one embodiment the gas valve can open to the inner volume V of the container especially within the inner layer 2A to directly pressurize the beverage therein. In another embodiment the gas valve may open to one or more openings 30 to pressurize the inner layer 2A from the space 31 between the inner and outer layer 2A and 3A. Thus, the beverage can be indirectly pressurized without the pressure gas coming into contact with the beverage. Instead of a pressure gas a pressure fluid such as water can be used in this case. In one embodiment, as pressurized gas such as pressurized gas air is used, fed into said space 31. In such an embodiment preferably an O2 scavenger is provided in the plastic material of the inner layer 2A and/or in the space 31, to prevent or at least reduce the risk of oxidation of the beverage by O2 migrating through inner layer 2A. In an alternative embodiment, instead of or after a cleaner a plastic material can be used for the inner layer which has a high barrier to O2 and/or a protective film or layer of such material can be provided on the surface of the first pre. -form 2 and/or in space 31.
[0060] Figure 9 shows in exploded view a preform assembly 1 comprising the first or inner preform 2 and the second or outer preform 3 and a cap or closing ring 33 also referred to as mounting ring 33, which can be mounted on the free edges 23 and 25 of the inner and outer preforms 2, 3 or inner and outer container 2A, 3A for example by welding such as, but not limited to, friction welding, ultrasonic welding, closing the space 32 between the inner and outer preform 2, 3 and the inner and outer container 2A, 3A. Figures 10A and B show in top view and in cross-sectional view, respectively, an upper part of a container 20 formed from such a preform set 1. Such a set and a container formed therefrom, as well as devices for suitable fittings and faucet assemblies to be used with it are discussed more extensively in the also pending orders NL2009234, NL 2009237, NL2009235, NL2009236, NL2009732 and NL2009731, which are at least for these aspects deemed to have been incorporated herein by reference.
[0061] As can be seen in Figure 9 in the shoulder-forming portion 50A and in the neck portion 7 of the inner container 2 spacer elements 32 are provided, which in this embodiment comprise at least one, and preferably a plurality of extending channels 32A on the outward facing surface of the preform 2 from and adjoining the free end 29 to at least adjoining or following a lower edge of the shoulder-forming portion 50A. The second preform 3 comprises the shoulder or ridge 27 on which the ridge or flange 22 of the neck-forming portion 7 of the inner preform 2 can rest. Spacer elements 32 are provided at said edge 27 by means of, for example, cutouts 32. Spacer elements 32A, B provide channels or similar spaces through which in a container formed from set 1 a pressure fluid, such as gas, by For example, air can be fed from the at least one opening 30 which, in this mode, is supplied in the neck region 9 of the outer preform 3, into the space 31 between the containers 2A, 3A, especially between the body portions 5A and 5B five b of it, passing through the shoulder forming portion 5. When blow molding the container 20 from the preform set 1 the channel or channels 32A may become slightly flattened and thus shallower, although wider, but will still remain open enough to allow pressurized fluid to pass. Alternatively and/or additionally, such channels could be provided on an inner surface part of the outer container.
[0062] As can be seen in Figures 9 and 10, coupling elements 51 can be provided, for example, in the neck region 4 of the container 20 to couple a connecting device to the container as, for example, shown in Figures 11A and B In this embodiment the coupling elements are provided as notches extending outwardly from the neck portion 9 of the outer container 3A and the outer preform 3 in this embodiment on either side of the or each opening 30 relatively close to said opening 30 In the embodiment shown especially in Figure 10B, the ring or cap 33 has a skirt 52 which extends into a groove 53 in the upper edge 23 of the inner preform 2 and container 2A as a wall 54 of a recess shaped into ring 55 of ring or cap 33 extends along an inner surface of top edge 23. Thus, a labyrinth is formed at top ends 23, 25 and or ring or cap 33, which prevents debris from penetrating. in space 31 especially during welding such as friction welding. Within the recess 55 teeth 56 or similar engagement means may be provided to engage a tool to hold the ring or cap 33, for example, during friction welding. Opposite wall 54 a further wall 57 of recess 55 is provided which may be substantially cylindrical and define an opening 34A which is at the upper end closed by snap plate 42A fitted to upper edge 57A of said wall 57. The opening 34A preferably has a cross section perpendicular to the axis L which is sufficiently large and properly formed to allow at least one and preferably both of a blow molding tool, especially a drawing rod through to be inserted into volume V1, and thereto time allows pressure relief, allowing gas to pass along said tool to the volume of the bottle being formed and/or vice versa, to allow a filling tube from a filling station to be introduced into the volume V of the container 20 after blow molding to fill the container 20. The ring or cap 33 can then be fitted to the preforms and/or containers, prior to filling. container or even prior to blow molding of container 20. Preferred cross-sections of opening 34A were discussed earlier in this description for the same, or similar purposes. In the embodiment shown in Figures 10A and B, a valve 35 is mounted by the plug plate 42A which valve is provided with a riser tube 35A which extends into the interior volume 20 of the container, for example to a position close to a bottom 5A of the inner container. In alternative embodiments a valve may be used without such a riser, especially if container 20, or at least inner container 2A, is compressible to dispense contents, especially a carbonated beverage such as beer.
[0063] In the embodiment shown in Figure 10B the opening or openings 30 is or are, or at least can be positioned at a level above the upper edge 23 of the inner container 2A such that when looking through at least one opening 30, part of the ring or cap 33 will be seen. For this purpose the upper edge 23 of the inner container 2A is situated at a distance N below the upper edge 25 of the outer container 3A. Obviously, other configurations are also possible. In the embodiment shown, the valve 35 is a female-type valve, meaning that its valve body 35B will have to be engaged through a dispensing opening 35c thereof, which is situated below the top side of the ring or cap 33 and it's so well protected. Other types of valves 35 are also possible such as, but not limited to, plug type valves that have an extension of or over the valve body extending through opening 35C for engagement, both of which can be a tilting type valve. .
[0064] Figure 11A schematically shows an upper end of a container 20 showing part of a shoulder or shoulder-forming portion 50 and a neck 4 with two of the connecting elements 51. Above the container 20 a connecting device 60 is shown having a central opening 61 shown schematically with dashed lines with which the connecting device can be placed over the neck 4. Within the opening 61 counter-connection elements (not shown) are provided to operate in conjunction with the elements. connection 51 for securely mounting the connecting device 60 on the neck 4. A gas supply line 62 is connected to the connecting device 60 to supply a gas under pressure, such as but not limited to air, to at least one of the openings 30 in the container 20, and thus into the space 31 to pressurize the inner container 2A.
[0065] Above the connecting device 60 a connector 63 is shown also referred to as a manifold adapter or valve adapter connected to or forming part of a faucet line 64, preferably an at least partially flexible faucet line 64. The faucet line 64 can be connected to or form part of a faucet device 65 which comprises at least one faucet 66. Like a faucet, any fixed or mobile faucet can be used depending, for example, on the faucet line used. In embodiments the faucet line can be a replaceable faucet line, especially a disposable faucet line as, for example, used in the David® system from Heineken, as for example described in EP1289874 or US 20042269617, in which case a faucet can be used, to which the faucet line can be releasably coupled, for example, by means of an in-line valve or forming a hose valve type valve assembly or by a quick coupling type coupling. In other embodiments the faucet line used may be a fixed faucet line of a beverage dispensing system. Both types of systems are well known in the art and should not be discussed further.
[0066] With the connecting device 60 connected to the container 20 and the connector 63 mounted on the container 20, for example on an outer edge of the snap plate 42a, the valve 35 is opened by the hollow extension 67 of the connector 63, thus providing a direct connection between the interior volume V and the tap 66. Gas can be supplied under pressure through the opening or openings 30 pressurizing the beverage to be dispensed.
[0067] Figure 11B shows an alternative embodiment in which the connector 63 is replaced by a connector 63A that can be connected to the connecting device 60, for example, by a bayonet coupling that includes coupling elements 63B on the connector 63A and elements of counter-connection (not shown) in opening 61.
[0068] Such faucet systems and connectors 60 to be used therein are, for example, further discussed at greater length in Unprepublished Orders NL2009234, NL2009237, NL2009235, as referred to above. The faucet line is to be understood in the broadest sense and can be, for example, a flexible or rigid faucet line, a hose, a tube, part of a Python-type faucet line and the like, and may be provided with, or connected to a cooling device such as an in-line chiller or feed through chiller, or can be cooled differently, such as in a Python-type faucet line.
[0069] It will be clear that a source for pressurized fluid, such as gas or liquid, can be connected to at least one opening 30 and/or to space 31 in a different way, for example, directly.
[0070] A preform assembly 1 of any of the embodiments shown may be shaped and sized for blow molding a plastic container 20 as shown schematically in Figures 4 or 5 such as, for example, a plastic container. type BIB or BIC which has an internal volume V of more than 3 liters, especially more than 5 liters, for example an internal volume between 8 and 40 liters. Examples may be containers 20 which are substantially in the shape of a bottle or barrel, with an internal volume of approximately 10, 20 or 30 liters such as, for example, approximately 17 to 20 liters. A preform assembly preferably has a neck area having an internal opening 21 with a cross-sectional dimension of approximately 25 mm or more, preferably approximately 49 mm or more, if it is substantially circular, or a cross-sectional area. equivalent of approximately 490 mm2 or more, preferably approximately 1180 mm2 or more. In one embodiment the cross-sectional dimension D can be approximately 49.2 mm. A cross-sectional dimension D is to be understood as measured perpendicular to a geometric longitudinal axis L of the preform, measured along a free edge 22, 25 of the relevant neck portion 7 or 9 or the neck 4. In a preferred embodiment a aperture 21 may have a substantially circular cross-section perpendicular to said geometric longitudinal axis, which may have said cross-sectional dimension defined by diameter. The cross-sectional dimension may slightly decrease towards the body-forming portion 4. The wall of the first preform 2 may, for example, have a cylindrical inner surface with a diameter DW on the side of the body 5 of a few millimeters less than said cross-sectional dimension D. The diameter DW may, for example, be between 0 and 5% less. In one embodiment the cross-sectional dimension of the opening 21 may be approximately 49 mm and the diameter DW in the body-forming portion of the first preform 2 may be approximately 48 mm. Obviously, other sizes, shapes and dimensions are possible. A relatively large neck cross-section can take advantage of a preferable body stretch ratio for relatively large volume containers, such as having an interior volume V of approximately 10 liters or more. A relatively large neck can also provide space for a standard faucet stem, or at the very least a faucet stem or valve assembly that allows connection of a standard faucet head such as for a two- or three-legged Sankey faucet head, or flat head.
[0071] By way of example, for a container 20 having an internal volume V, the first and second preforms 2 and 3 and blow molded containers thereof may have dimensions as shown in Table 1 below for plastic that crystallizes, such like especially PET, more especially standard PET.

[0072] In which: axial stretch ratio = LB bottle height/preform length LP arc stretch ratio = DB bottle diameter/intermediate diameter DP plane stretch ratio = axial stretch ratio * stretch ratio of arc volume = inner volume of container V finish diameter = inner diameter D of the neck portion intermediate diameter = diameter of the preform assembly body measured over the middle of the relevant wall thickness. preform length = length LP of the preform which is substantially stretch blow molded, preferably measured directly below a flange closest to the body to an apex of the bottom forming portion of the preform assembly. bottle diameter = average body diameter between a shoulder and a bottom bottle height = length Lb of the container that is substantially stretched blow molded, preferably measured directly below a flange closest to the body to a bottom vertex.
[0073] Everything as, for example, shown in figure 6.
[0074] A flat stretch ratio also known as a blow ratio or BUR. The axial stretch ratio preferably is at least greater than 1.7, more preferably greater than approximately 2.2 such as, for example, between 2.3 and 3.2. The axial stretching length of the preform or preform assembly and container height can be defined as the maximum axial distance between the interior of the bottom-forming portion and the portion of the neck where stretching is initiated.
[0075] In Table 1 a range for the flat stretch ratio is provided which is preferred for each of the described preform/container combinations. The minimum ratio is preferred for mechanical stability and resistance to CO2 and/or O2 migration in containers for holding carbonated beverages. The maximum preferred flat ratio is defined by the PET material itself. A preferred relationship is provided as a target.
[0076] In table 1 a range for the axial stretch ratio is provided which is preferred for each of the described preform/container combinations. The minimum ratio is preferred for balanced wall distribution, specifically a balanced wall thickness for the container body wall especially between the shoulder and the bottom. The preferred maximum axial stretch ratio is defined by experience in the preferred prior art. A preferred relationship is provided as a target.
[0077] In table 1A here below for the outer preform and inner preform, stretch, axial and arc ratios separately are provided for preform assemblies such as, for example, shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, especially figures 1 or 2. As can be seen from this Table, the stretch ratios for the outer preforms are generally slightly higher than the target as defined in Table 1, while the stretch ratios for the preforms interiors are generally slightly lower than said target ratios.

[0078] It is clear that in preform-to-preform or layered preform games there will be differences in the relationships provided. Different considerations will or may apply in the choices of, for example, materials used for the preforms, especially inner and outer preforms, and for material distribution over said preforms or inner and outer layers. Such considerations may, for example, include: - the outer preform should during blow molding preferably not be understretched, meaning that the outer preform should be stretched sufficiently, preferably in all directions, to ensure stretching across the wall to a degree sufficient to obtain desired orientation of the molecules. For this purpose the inner preform must be designed accordingly, which may mean that it must be designed such that substantially maximum stretch ratios for the inner preform are obtained during blow molding; the inner preform is preferably designed with a relatively small wall thickness compared to the wall thickness of the outer preform, to have minimal impact in the region on the stretch ratios of the outer preform; the inner preform is preferably designed with a relatively small wall thickness, such that the inner container has a very small wall thickness to improve folding delamination during its pressurization to distribute its contents such as beverage; the inner preform preferably has a relatively small wall thickness, since the material used, especially additives added to the inner preform material such as, for example, dyes, cleaners, particles, especially colored silver particles, as discussed among other things, to obtain a surface or surface part with roughness and why for virgin material the inner preform or higher quality plastic can be used making it expensive per material per unit weight, possibly more expensive than the material of the outer preform; the inner preform can be designed having as small a wall thickness as possible for suitable injection molding, whose minimum wall thickness can be defined as a minimum with respect to maximum flow paths during injection molding; - the outer preform can be designed having a relatively large wall thickness compared to the wall thickness of the inner preform or other layers such that, for example, thermal stability and safety of the container are obtained; - the outer preform can be designed having a relatively large wall thickness, in which the outer preform can be made of plastic material that is highly recyclable, for example, due to no or only small amounts of additives and the plastic material used can at least partially be recycled material which can reduce cost; - the outer preform can have as large a wall thickness as possible, in view of injection molding the preform without thermal crystallization.
[0079] Clearly, for preform assemblies according to the present description, different modalities are possible depending, for example, on choices made based on the considerations given above, which may lead to compromises with respect to, for example, the draw/wall thickness ratios, and preform designs, material and additive choices, and the like. Choices can, for example, be made depending on the content that will be stored within the container, the pressure of the content and the desired or permissible pressure used to compress for example the container and/or inner container, safety requirements and the like, which will be readily known to those skilled in the art.
[0080] It was recognized in this description that preform cooling is a factor in preventing crystallization of the plastic material, meaning that if desired, cooling can be regulated such that the preform or preforms are kept substantially amorphous . Cooling time is defined by: 1. Wall thickness, especially maximum preform wall thickness, 2. Plastic material injection temperature 3. Mold wall temperature, especially average mold wall temperature at injection. 4. Injection temperature of plastic material, 5. Coefficient of heat conduction of plastic material.
[0081] For carbonated beverage containers such as beer and soft drinks that have a relatively large volume such as above 10 liters, the arc ratio seems to be important and is preferably above 10.
[0082] The cooling time is dependent, among other things, on the wall thickness, especially the maximum squared wall thickness (wall thickness at power two).
[0083] It has been recognized that the cooling time can be kept short enough to prevent the orientation of molecules on the wall of the preform or preforms. With preforms that have a wall thickness of more than 8mm, more specifically more than 6mm, heat transfer from the plastic to the mold is insufficient to prevent such orientation in standard plastics, especially in standard PET. Even lowering the mold temperature proved to be insufficient with thicker walls in preforms. Crystalline plastics, especially PET, occur in three states:
[0084] Amorphous, unoriented and translucent, transparent if not colored;
[0085] Thermally crystallized, that is, by means of relative slow cooling of the molten material; and
[0086] Stress-induced crystallized, such as in stretch blow molding.
[0087] In the present description the preforms are preferably injection molded from plastic which crystallizes, especially PET such as standard PET, preferably with such a wall thickness that the second state is prevented.
[0088] In Figure 2 an embodiment of a preform assembly 1 is shown, in which a space 31 is provided between the first and second preforms 2, 3, extending between at least part of the body forming portions 8 10 of the preforms 2, 3. Spacers 32 may extend into said space keeping the inner and outer preforms at least partially spaced apart. In this mode the space 31 is closed to the environment in the neck 4, especially on the free edge 23 of the first preform. In one embodiment a medium such as fluid or gas, for example, an inert gas such as N2 or a gas such as CO2 or air is inserted into space 31. By blow molding a container 20 from assembly 1 the medium into space 31 it can be pressurized, thereby strengthening the container 20. This can have the advantage that a reduced wall thickness can be used for at least one of the layers 2A, 3A without compromising the strength of the container. In one embodiment, an opening 40 can be provided, for example, in neck 4, opening to space 31, which opening can be closed by a valve or seal 41. This opening 40 can be opened, for example, by valve opening. or by piercing the seal 41. The opening can be, or can be brought into communication with an environment, such that when opening, the opening pressure in the space can be brought back to atmospheric pressure, or at the very least can be reduced. In one embodiment the space 31 can be brought to subpressure. By reducing the pressure the container 20 or at least the body 5 thereof can be reduced in rigidity, allowing for easier compression, for example, in a pressure space of a dispensing device as described hereinabove for dispensing the contents of the container 20, or after it has been emptied to a certain desired degree to reduce the volume of the empty container that must be disposed of or returned for recycling. This can have important benefits for the environment.
[0089] Figure 3 schematically shows a preform set 1 in another embodiment, in which a preform set of at least a first and a second preform 2 and 3 is inserted into a third preform 43, or a third preform 43 is inserted into the first preform, preferably with a wall thickness W7 less than the wall thicknesses W1, W2 of the first and second preforms 2, 3. When molding by blowing this preform assembly 1 into a container 20 there should be three layers 2A, 3A, 43A as shown in figure 5. The inner layer preferably is highly flexible compared to at least one of the other layers 2, 3 or the other layers 2, 3 combined. Layer 43A can enclose the beverage and can easily deform when pressurizing the beverage. In one embodiment an assembly 1 having a neck 4 as shown in figure 1A or 8 can be used, in which opening 30 can be provided, as discussed earlier, in the neck area of the innermost preform 43 or preform. - outer shape, or between the neck regions opening into the space 31 between the innermost layer 43A and the first layer 2A which will lie against the interior of the second layer 3A in a manner as described hereinbefore. In this embodiment, a pressure fluid can be brought into a space 31 between the innermost third layer 43A and the first layer 2A where the first and second layers 2A, 3A can, in one embodiment, form a relatively rigid, tough outer container. the pressure. By feeding pressurized fluid such as gas, for example air or an inert gas into space 31, the innermost layer 43A of a container 20 as shown in Figure 5, blown from such a preform assembly 1 will deform pressurizing the beverage therein. This means that the beverage can be dispensed through the dispensing opening 34 and/or valve 35, under pressure. In an alternative embodiment, innermost layer 43A may actually be formed alone or additionally by first container 2A, space 31 being provided, as discussed above, between inner and outer preforms 2, 3 and containers 2A, 2A, respectively.
[0090] The space 31 can be replaced or enlarged by a coating, or layer, provided over the interface between the first and second preforms over, for example, the portions thereof that form a body, or part thereof. The coating or layer can, for example, be a layer that has barrier properties, for example, preventing gas migration into or out of the inner volume V. The coating or layer can, for example, prevent coupling of the first and second preforms or part of the wall of the container, or may promote such coupling. The layer or coating can promote coloring, can prevent or enhance heat transport across the interface between the preforms, can be a layer that prevents container explosion such as, for example, but not limited to mesh, deposition or such means .
[0091] In preform and container embodiments such a protective layer may, for example be, but is not limited to, a layer comprising or consisting of an impact strength enhancing material such as, but not limited to, polyvinyl butyral . In one embodiment the layer can be formed between the preforms 2, 3 and/or layers 2A, 3A of the container, applying the material in a dissolved state for example in, but not limited to, methanol, such that after the assembly is formed of preform 1 and/or container 2 will cure upon disappearance of, or reaction with, solvent and/or plastic materials from one or both of adjacent preforms 2, 3 or layers 2A, 3A of container 20. In another embodiment the layer may be provided over one or both of the preforms, preferably over at least one of adjacent surfaces, for example by means of coinjection, co-extrusion, and may then be stretch blow molded with the preform assembly. form 1. The layer can also be provided on an outer side of the outer preform and/or on an outer side of the container 20. Crosslinkers can be added to the layer material such as polyvinyl butyral to improve its mechanical properties.
[0092] A preform 1 assembly for blow molding a container 20 may comprise injection molding a first preform 2 and a second preform 3, preferably both with a wall thickness of less than approximately 8 mm , more preferably less than about 6 mm. The first preform 2 can be inserted into the second preform 3 and/or the second preform 3 can be provided on the first preform 2. In one embodiment the first 2 and the second preform 3 can be injection molded in an injection molding apparatus in which the first preform 2 is inserted into the second preform 3 within said injection molding apparatus. In another embodiment the first 2 and the second preform 3 can be injection molded in an injection apparatus in which the second preform 3 can be provided over the first preform 2 within said injection molding apparatus. In yet another embodiment, the first preform 2 may be injection molded into the second preform 3. In another alternative embodiment, the second preform 3 may be injection molded onto the first preform 4. In in another alternative embodiment the preforms 2, 3 can be injection molded where then the preforms are assembled outside the or each injection molding apparatus. In such a modality the preforms 2, 3 can be shipped separately to an assembly system, for example, together or in-line with an injection molding apparatus and/or a bottling apparatus or line, in which the preforms can be mounted directly before bottling drink. In such a modality one or both of the preforms can be heated separately and assembled in a heated condition.
[0093] When blow molding a container from a set of preforms, especially according to for example figures 2 and 3, one or the space 31 between the inner and the outer container can be used to pressurize the container interior.
[0094] By using different preforms assembled in a set before blow molding, especially stretch-blow molding integrally, safety can be improved especially for carbonated beverages, since one of the preforms can be blown into a part of container capable of withstanding high pressure, while the other can be designed for optimized beverage containment. In another embodiment security means may be included between the preforms, such as a security layer, for example, glued to one or both of the preforms and/or walls of the container body.
[0095] Container preforms for bottle-in-bottle (BIB) or bottle-in-container (BIC) containers are commonly injection molded, and then assembled, in which the preforms preferably have smooth interior and exterior surfaces, such as that they can be easily released into molds, especially from a molding tap, with as little drag as possible, while the smooth surfaces that confront each other when mounting allow for easy assembly. Furthermore, a smooth surface is preferable for reasons of mold sustainability. Furthermore, when blow molding a container from such a preform, the surfaces are stretched and, for the outer preform, pushed against a smooth inner surface of the blow mold, or for the inner preform, against the smooth inner surface of the outer preform further smoothing the surfaces. Thus, in the prior art, the facing surfaces of the inner and outer containers are smooth, i.e. they have a surface roughness of below 0.1 Ra, for example between 0.05 and 0.1 RA. Such surface smoothness is especially used in preforms and containers made of PET or a blend of PET or similar plastic.
[0096] It has been recognized that in prior art containers of the BIB or BIC type of containers that have at least one inner container and one outer container, in which the inner container must be released or pushed away from the outer container, or vice versa , it often requires undesirably high pressure of a fluid pressure especially gas to be inserted into a space or interface between the inner and outer containers, to push the containers, or layers, sufficiently apart. This can be the result of the inner and outer containers and/or layers sticking together due to, for example, heating of the preforms during blow molding, chemical bonding, chemical and/or mechanical adhesion, or the like.
[0097] In the present description it has been recognized that providing at least one of the container or inner and outer layer of a BIC or BIB type container that confronts one surface of the other of the container or inner and outer layer, at least partially with a relatively rough surface Surprisingly, release from said surfaces or at least confronting surface areas is possible with significantly less pressure of a gas inserted between said surfaces or surface areas. The surface roughness of said area or region is preferably above 0.1 Ra, more specifically the surface roughness is at least 0.25 Ra, preferably between 0.25 and 2, more preferably between 0.25 and 1. Said surface roughness is, for example, 0.30 Ra or more. Alternatively or additionally, a difference in surface roughness of two facing surface areas of adjacent containers 2A, 3A is provided, which difference is preferably above 0.1 Ra, more specifically the difference is at least 0.25 Ra, preferably between 0 .25 and 2, more preferably between 0.25 and 1. Said difference in surface roughness is for example 0.30 Ra or more. Surface roughness can be measured on the container after blow molding the container from a set 1 of preforms 2, 3 in any suitable and known manner, especially in accordance with ISO 4287 or similar standards, especially after integral blow molding, for example, but not limited to at least partially separating the inner and outer container and/or by measuring through the outer container.
[0098] In embodiments, the inner container and/or the outer container may have said surface roughness over at least part of a surface in which the wall and/or layer forming said surface comprises particles enclosed in the wall in or between the chains that form the plastic of the plastic wall of the container such as monomers and/or polymers. The particles can be made of, or at the very least contain, material other than the plastic of the wall of said container, especially metal or metallized particles. The particles can be or can contain flakes, especially metal flakes, more particularly aluminum flakes. The particles may form between 0.55%, in particular between 0.5% and 2.5%, more in particular between 0.5% and 2% by weight, of the total weight of the relevant preform or container or layer 2 , 3, 2A, 3A.
[0099] Surprisingly it has been found that adding such particles to plastic material such as, for example, to a PET or PET blend from which the relevant preform or preforms is/are formed after blow molding of a container from such a preform, a surface region of such a container in the area of the wall formed by the material containing the particles will have a relatively rough surface compared to a container blow molded from a simulated preform made of the same material not containing such particles. The surface roughness has been shown to be elevated by at least approximately 0.1 Ra compared to a similar container having no particles, and may even be increased by approximately 03 to 0.5 Ra, or more. Even though the maximum particle size can be substantially smaller than the wall thickness W5, W6 of the formed container 2A, 3A. The particles can have dimensions on the order of one µm, while the wall thickness of the formed containers, especially of the inner container, will be on the order of tens of µm or more.
[00100] In embodiments, particles can, at a minimum when they are mixed into the plastic mass from which a preform is to be formed, be supplied and/or contained in a layer of a material that has a melting point lower than that of particles and/or plastic. Such layer may be a wax material or a wax-like material, preferably a wax-like material which is not precipitated from the preform or container during and/or after blow molding a container from said set of preforms. The layer can be largely or entirely non-polymeric or non-polymer based. Said material can have affinity with the plastic material, especially the plastic monomers and/or polymers, for example, through polarity, chemical bonding or similar. Alternatively, said material may be such that it does not have an affinity for polymers. Particles including or excluding said material may be substantially evenly dispersed throughout the plastic material or may be unevenly dispersed, for example, such that there are more particles near one or both of the wall surfaces.
[00101] Additionally or alternatively, at least one of the preforms has been roughened at least in part after its injection molding, and/or in which at least one of the preforms has been injection molded in a mold that has no at least a rough partially made mold surface. Such a method is especially useful when only part of an outer surface of an inner preform or part of an inner surface of an outer preform should have such a roughened surface. For example, only a shouldered portion of such a preform or container.
[00102] In embodiments, in marine one of the preforms may have at least a surface area which may be part or all of an interior and/or exterior surface of the preform with surface roughness of above 2 Ra, more preferably above 4 Ra, and even more preferably above 6 Ra, such as, for example, between approximately 6 and 10 Ra, or more. The surface roughness of said surface area of the preform, or at least a mold surface to form said area, may, for example, be approximately 9.4 Ra.
[00103] In embodiments, the container is preferably such that the inner container can be compressed by said means of pressurization at a pressure below 2 bar absolute.
[00104] In embodiments, an outer surface part of the neck region and/or shouldering region of the inner container and/or an inner surface part of the neck region and/or shouldering portion of the outer container has a surface roughness of not minimum 0.1 Ra. Additional surface parts of the outer surface of the inner container and/or the inner surface of the outer container of at least its body-forming portions may, for example, have the same surface roughness or a lower surface roughness.
[00105] In embodiments, the outer container is transparent and the inner container is opaque or non-transparent, preferably having a light-reflecting outer appearance, such as colored silver, which can be combined with different colors such as, but not limited to , brown, yellow, amber, green, red or black.
[00106] In embodiments a preform set for integrally blow molding a container, especially according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least an outer preform and an inner preform, fit at least partially inside the outer preform both having a neck-forming portion, a shoulder-forming portion and a body-forming portion, in which at least a first of the inner and outer preform has a surface region in contact with the other of the preform. -inner and outer shape, in which - at least part of said region has a surface roughness of at least 0.1 Ra and/or a surface roughness that is at least 0.1 Ra higher than the surface roughness of the surface area of the other of the inner and outer preform with which it is in contact, and/or - at least part of said region has a surface roughness such that in an integrally blow molded container from said set of preforms the surface area of the container formed from said surface region has a surface roughness of at least 0.1 Ra and/or a surface roughness of at least 0.1 Ra higher than the surface roughness of an adjacent surface area of the adjacent container.
[00107] Preferably the first preform is the inner preform.
[00108] Figure 12A schematically depicts a container 20 partially in cross-section, showing an inner container 2A and an outer container 3A, the inner container 2A extending into the outer container 3A. Between the inner and outer container 2A, 3A, a space 31 is shown between facing surface portions 70, 71 respectively of the inner and outer containers 2A, 3A,. As can be seen, the inner container 2A has a shoulder portion 50A with a surface portion 70 which has a higher surface roughness than that of the surface portion 71 adjacent to that of said shoulder portion 50A. The surface area 71 of the neck portion 50B of the outer container 3A opposite the shoulder portion 50A of the inner container 2A in this embodiment has a lower surface roughness than that of the shoulder-forming portion 50A of the inner container 2A, for example, between 0.05 and 0.1 Ra. It has been shown that such increased surface roughness, or difference in a surface roughness, provides or at least helps the effect that in such container 20 the necessary pressure in space 31 to push the inner container or layer 2A inwardly away from the outer container or layer 3A is lower than that needed in a similar container without such a relatively rough surface area.
[00109] Figure 12B also schematically depicts a container 20 partially in cross-section, showing an inner container 2A of an outer container 3A, the inner container 2A extending into the outer container 3A. Between the inner and outer container 2A, 3A, a space 31 is shown between facing surfaces 70, 71 respectively of the inner and outer containers 2A, 3A. As can be seen, the inner container 2A has inner and outer surfaces 70, 72 with a higher surface roughness than that of the surface 71 of the outer container, which may for example be between 0.05 and 0.1 Ra. It has been shown that such increased surface roughness or difference in surface roughness provides or at least helps the effect that in such container 20 the pressure required in space 31 to push the inner container or layer 2A into, away from, the outer container or layer 3A it is lower than that needed in a similar container without such a relatively rough surface area.
[00110] As discussed above, the surface roughness of an inner and/or outer container 2A, 3A can be increased by adding particles to the plastic mass from which the relevant inner or outer container is to be formed. These particles such as, for example, flakes, for example metal or metallized particles, such as used metal or metal flakes, are shown schematically in Figures 13A and B which show in cross section part of a wall of a container.
[00111] In Figure 13A a cross section of a wall 100 of a container, especially an inner container 2A is shown, in which particles 101 are dispensed through the plastic that forms the wall 100. As can be seen, the particles 101 can be relatively evenly dispersed through the wall 100, for example, between monomers and/or polymers of the plastic.
[00112] In Figure 13B a cross section of a container, especially an inner container 2A an outer container 3A is shown, in which particles 101 are dispersed through the plastic that forms the wall 100 of the inner container 2A. As can be seen, the particles 101 can be dispersed relatively unevenly across the wall 100, for example, between monomers and/or polymers of the plastic. In this embodiment the particles 101 are largely moved towards the surfaces 70, 72 of the wall 100.
[00113] In the embodiments shown in figures 13A and B the particles 101 are flakes that have in one direction a dimension d substantially smaller than in two directions perpendicular to said one direction. The flakes 101 are thus substantially sheet or plate shaped, and may be substantially flat or curved. In embodiments, the flakes 101 can be flakes, especially aluminum flakes, providing a silver color. The flakes can be oriented substantially parallel to surfaces 70, 72 which can be the result of stretching the wall during blow molding. Viewed in a direction perpendicular to the wall, the flakes 101 may partially overlap. The particles provide a coloration of the relevant container, especially the inner container, and especially a silver color, which makes the inner container 2A opaque or non-transparent. Irrespective of providing the desired surfaces with roughness 70, 72 the flakes 101 also aid in adequate heating of the inner and outer containers 2A, 3A before and during blow molding, especially stretch blow molding. Alternatively, the particles 101 may be shaped differently, for example, hemispherical or spherical, or otherwise. Example
[00114] In a comparative example containers were formed according to Table 1, 20 liter version. Four different modalities were formed, all having the same transparent outer preform and container 3, 3A, but different inner preforms and containers 2, 2A. The first two inner preforms were made using an amber dye of the type Holcobatch Amber No. 131-1015619, 4% by weight of the preform supplied by Holland Colours, The Neetherlands. The third and fourth inner preforms were made using a silver dye, type Holcobatch Silver 131-1615, 1.0% by weight of the preform, supplied by Holland Colours, The Neetherlands. As a control sample the same container was made without any colorant. Several containers were formed for each example to obtain average readings.
[00115] After blow molding the container 20, the inner container 2A was recovered by removing the outer container 3A where then surface roughness was measured on the outer surface of samples taken from the inner container at the center of the body.
[00116] In the first and third examples the inner preforms were injection molded in a mold known in the prior art and used to form preforms for containers having a surface roughness as low as possible.
[00117] The surface roughness of the first amber colored inner vessel was between 0.05 and 0.1 μm Ra. The surface roughness of the third silver colored inner vessel was between 0.3 and 0.4 μm Ra.
[00118] In the second and fourth examples the inner preforms were injection molded in a mold similar to that used for the first and third preforms, of which, however, the inner surface to form the outer surface of the preform was roughened to a surface roughness of approximately 9.4 µm Ra.
[00119] The surface roughness of the third amber colored inner vessel was approximately 0.4 μm Ra. The surface roughness of the fourth silver colored inner vessel was approximately 0.7 µm Ra.
[00120] Superficial roughness was all such that Rz and Ry were relatively low. Here Table 2 below shows the reference numbers for four inner containers as discussed here above. Table 2: First Inner Container (Smooth Amber) AK-BO-0147 Second Inner Container (Textured Amber) AK-BO-0148. Third Inner Container (Smooth Silver) AK-BO-0149 Fourth Inner Container (Textured Silver) AK-BO-0150
[00121] In figure 14 for the four containers 20 formed with the inner containers according to Table 2, the initial pressure and dispersion at initial pressure are provided necessary to initiate the release of the inner container from the outer container when pressurizing the container 20, especially the space 31 between the inner and outer container, through an opening 30 in the outer container to which the upper part of the container 20 was formed according to the embodiment shown in figure 10. Examples of each container were tested in which the inner volume V was filled with air and filled with water. In Table 3 the average value is given for the initial pressure for the four types of air-filled and water-filled containers.

[00122] From these experiments it is clear that the first and second types of container which have the amber colored inner containers show a greater dispersion of different initial pressures than the third and fourth types of containers. Furthermore, their mean starting pressures are significantly higher than the mean starting pressures of the third and fourth types of vessels. For otherwise carbonated or aerated contents such as carbonated or otherwise carbonated beverages preferably the containers 2A, 3A, 20 are designed such that the necessary pressure is such that within the inner container a pressure can be maintained substantially at a pressure of balance the gas within the beverage at a desired dispensing temperature. For beer this can be at a level of approximately 1.2 to 1.6 bar absolute on average (or approximately 0.2 to 0.6 bar g).
[00123] In embodiments of the description, the neck portion 8 of the first inner preform 2 can extend into the neck 9 of the second preform 3 only to such an extent that it starts from the inner surface of the neck portion 9 of the second preform - outer form 3 lies free above the neck portion 8 of the inner preform 2. A cap 33 can, for example, be connected to the inner surface of the second preform 9 within the neck. If present, a space 31 may be accessible from inside the neck or from outside the neck.
[00124] Particles 101 can be supplied in a different way, for example, as elements with a coating, for example metallized, and can have different colors. Preferably the particles provided for a coloration of the relevant preform, especially the inner preform, however are preferably non-dyes which are soluble in the plastic material, such as pigments. The particles preferably substantially retain their original mass and/or shape and/or constitution, although a covering layer, if applicable, may partially or entirely disappear into the plastic material.
[00125] In alternative embodiments, containers 20 according to the description can be obtained, in which additionally or alternatively, part of a surface area can be provided with or as a foam plastic, especially PET foam or PET blend layer , for example, obtained with MuCell® microcellular foam injection technology as developed by PTI. Such surface area can again assist in releasing contact surface areas of containers 2A, 3A at relatively low pressures as defined above.
[00126] The invention is in no way limited to the embodiments described and shown. Several variations are possible within the claimed scope of the invention, including combinations and equivalents of different elements of these embodiments, which are also believed to have been described.
[00127] For example, a preform assembly can be provided with more than two preforms, while different protective layers can be provided over parts of entire surfaces of one or more of the preforms, for example, but not limited to barrier layers and/or meshing and/or a sleeve to prevent the container from bulging. Different volumes can be provided by corrections to the preforms, while the first preform can be made smaller, eg shorter in length measured along the geometric longitudinal axis L, such that the bottom portion is distanced from that of the second preform, meaning that the first preform will be drawn first before also drawing the second preform. In the case of a compressible container the pressure for compression may be exerted in a different manner such as, but not limited to, mechanical or chemical compression means. Other materials can be used while preforms can be combined in a different way such as, but not limited to, manually or by robot outside of an injection molding apparatus. An inner liner, deformable layer or deformable container can be provided within a container of two or more layers as a separate element. The particles can be dispersed differently in the plastic material, and can be partially or completely associated with the plastic chains. They can be colored differently, as long as they promote roughening of at least part of the surface of the container formed from the preform containing these particles.
[00128] These and other similar corrections can be made to containers, preforms, preform assemblies and/or methods within the scope of the present invention.

权利要求:
Claims (31)
[0001]
1. Blow molded container (20), comprising an inner container (2A) and an outer container (3A) with facing surfaces, characterized in that at least part of at least one of the facing surfaces has a surface roughness greater than 0.1 Ra and/or wherein the difference in roughness of said confronting surfaces is at least about a part more than about 0.1 Ra, wherein the inner vessel (2A) and/or the outer vessel (3A) ) having said surface roughness on at least part of a surface comprises particles (101) enclosed in the wall (11), between the plastic forming streams of the plastic wall (11) of the container.
[0002]
2. Container according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one surface is the outer surface of the inner container (2A).
[0003]
3. Container according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inner and outer container (2A, 3A) have a neck region (4, 7, 9), in which a part of the outer surface of the region of neck (7) of the inner container (2A) and/or inner surface part of the neck region (9) of the outer container (3A) has a surface roughness of at least 0.1 Ra.
[0004]
4. Container according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said surface roughness is at least 0.25 Ra.
[0005]
5. Container according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the particles (101) are made of or at least contain material other than the plastic of the wall (11, 13) of said container (20) and/ or wherein the particles (101) are or contain flakes.
[0006]
6. Container according to claim 5, characterized in that the particles (101) form between 0.5 and 5% by weight.
[0007]
7. Container according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the container is integrally blow molded from a preform to a preform, wherein at least one of the preforms (2, 3) has been crimped at least in part after injection molding thereof, and/or wherein at least one of the preforms (2, 3) has been injection molded into a mold having at least one crimped mold surface and/ or wherein at least one of the preforms (2, 3) is provided with a foamed plastic surface layer and/or at least one of the inner (2A) and outer (3A) containers are made of PET or a mixture of PET, or a crystalline or semi-crystalline plastic, in which the inner container (2A) is connected to the outer container (3A) in a neck region (4) closing a space (31) between the inner and outer container (2A, 3A ), wherein at least one opening (30) is provided in said space (31) for introducing a pressurizing means into said space (31) wherein the container (20) has a body (5A) in which the outer container (3A) makes contact with the inner container (2A) and in which the inner container (2A) can be compressed by said compression means at a pressure below 2 Bar abs (0.2 mPa), and/or the container (20) is blow molded from a preform unit (1) comprising a first preform (2) to a second preform (3 ), wherein a first layer (2A) of the container (20) formed from the first preform (2) and a second layer (3A) outside the first layer (2A) formed from the second preform. -form (3), wherein the plastic material of the first preform (2) has been further stretched to form the first layer (2A) and then the plastic materials of the second preform (3) to form the second layer (3A ).
[0008]
8. Container according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the inner and outer container (2A, 3A) have a neck region (4, 7, 9), in which an outer surface is part of the neck region (7) of the inner container (2A) and/or a portion of the inner surface of the neck region (9) of the outer container (3A) has a surface roughness of at least 0.1 Ra and wherein the parts of additional surface of the outer surface of the inner container (2A) and the inner surface of the outer container (3A) of at least body-forming portions (5) thereof either have the same surface roughness or a lower surface roughness.
[0009]
9. Container according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the outer container (3A) is transparent or translucent, which can be colored, and the inner container (2A) is opaque or non-transparent.
[0010]
A preform assembly for integrally blow molding a container as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising at least an outer preform (3) and an inner preform (2), at least partially engaging inside the outer preform (3), both having a neck-forming portion (7, 9), a shoulder-forming portion (50A, 50B) and a body-forming portion (8, 10), wherein at least one first of the inner and outer preform (2, 3) has a surface region in contact with the other of the inner and outer preform (2, 3), characterized by the fact that : at less part of said region has a surface roughness of at least 0.1 Ra and/or a surface roughness that is at least 0.1 Ra greater than the surface roughness of the surface area of the other of the inner preform and outer (2, 3) with which it is in contact, and/or at least part of said region has a surface roughness such that in a container In the integrally blow molded portion (20) of said unit (1) of preforms (2,3), the surface area of the container (2A, 3A) formed from said surface region has a surface roughness of hair. minus 0.1 Ra and/or a surface roughness of at least 0.1 Ra greater than the surface roughness of an adjacent surface area of the adjacent container (2A, 3A).
[0011]
11. Preform assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that said first preform (2A) is plastic injection molded, having a wall (11), wherein the particles (101) of the wall (11) are dispersed, which are enclosed between plastic monomer and/or polymer chains, wherein the particles (101) comprise a material other than plastic, wherein the particles (101) are light-reflecting and/or particles colored.
[0012]
12. Preform assembly according to any one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the particles (101) are contained in a layer of a material having a melting point lower than that of the particles and/or plastic .
[0013]
13. Preform assembly for blow molding a container (20) according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that it comprises at least a first and a second preform (2, 3), in that the first preform (2) is positioned within the second preform (3) prior to blow molding the preforms into the container (20), wherein each preform (2, 3) has a forming portion of body (8, 10) having a wall thickness of less than about 8 millimeters.
[0014]
14. Preform assembly according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that at least one of the preforms (2, 3) has been wrinkled at least in part, after injection molding thereof, and/or wherein at least one of the preforms (2, 3) has been injection molded having an at least partially corrugated mold surface.
[0015]
15. Preform assembly according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that at least the second preform (3) is made of standard PET, and/or in which the preform unit (1) forms a multilayer preform, wherein at least one of the preforms (2, 3) or layers comprises said particles (101).
[0016]
A method of forming a preform assembly (1) as defined in any one of the preceding claims for blow molding a container (20) wherein a first preform (2) is injection molded and a second preform (3) is injection molded, wherein the first preform (2) is inserted into the second preform (3) and/or the second preform (3) is provided on the first preform (2), characterized in that at least one of the preforms (2, 3) is injection molded from a plastic mass containing particles (101) different from the plastic.
[0017]
17. Container according to claim 4, characterized in that said surface roughness is between 0.25 and 2.
[0018]
18. Container according to claim 5, characterized in that the flakes are metal flakes.
[0019]
19. Container according to claim 18, characterized in that the flakes are aluminum flakes.
[0020]
20. Container according to claim 9, characterized in that the inner container has a light-reflecting external appearance.
[0021]
21. Container according to claim 9, characterized in that the inner container is silver.
[0022]
22. Preform assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that said first preform is the internal preform (2A).
[0023]
23. Preform set according to claim 11, characterized in that the particles are flakes.
[0024]
24. Preform assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that the particles are metallic or metallized particles (101).
[0025]
25. Preform assembly according to claim 12, characterized in that the particles are contained in a wax or wax-like material.
[0026]
26. Preform assembly according to claim 14, characterized in that the surface roughness of the part of the preform (2, 3) made rough after injection molding or formed in said rough mold is about 0.1 Ra or more.
[0027]
27. Preform assembly according to claim 26, characterized in that the surface roughness of the part of the preform (2, 3) made rough after injection molding or formed in said rough mold is higher at 0.3 Ra.
[0028]
28. Preform assembly according to claim 15, characterized in that the particles (101) are flakes.
[0029]
29. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that the first preform (2) is injection molded of a plastic mass containing particles (101) different from the plastic.
[0030]
30. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that the particles are metallic and / or metallized particles.
[0031]
31. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that the particles (101) are at least partially enclosed and/or provided with a covering layer made of a different material.

类似技术:

---

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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JP2016501143A|2016-01-18|

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CN104918860A|2015-09-16|

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PL2920080T3|2017-12-29|

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PL2920080T5|2021-02-08|

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NL2009802C2|2014-05-14|

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CA2891302A1|2014-05-22|

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KR20150085039A|2015-07-22|

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HUE034914T2|2018-03-28|

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CN104918860B|2019-03-12|

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RU2682781C2|2019-03-21|

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EP2920080B1|2017-08-02|

---

EP2920080A2|2015-09-23|

---

US20200290768A1|2020-09-17|

---

ES2640923T3|2017-11-07|

---

PT2920080T|2017-09-22|

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US20160236820A1|2016-08-18|

---

MX357928B|2018-07-31|

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CA2891302C|2021-06-22|

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AU2018204654B2|2020-01-30|

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AU2013345537A1|2015-05-28|

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MX2015006010A|2016-02-05|

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BR112015010859A2|2018-04-24|

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WO2014077681A3|2014-08-21|

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EP2920080B2|2020-11-25|

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DK2920080T3|2017-09-11|

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SG11201503768RA|2015-06-29|

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KR102069405B1|2020-02-17|

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DK2920080T4|2020-12-21|

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ES2640923T5|2021-06-25|

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WO2014077681A2|2014-05-22|

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AU2018204654A1|2018-07-26|

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JP6438886B2|2018-12-19|

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US20170283118A1|2017-10-05|

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US9714117B2|2017-07-25|

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RU2015122735A|2017-01-10|

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US10710771B2|2020-07-14|

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法律状态:
2018-11-21| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

---

2019-12-24| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

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2020-11-10| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|

---

2021-04-06| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2021-06-15| B09W| Decision of grant: rectification|Free format text: REFERENTE A RPI 2622 DE 06/04/2021 |

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2021-06-22| B09W| Decision of grant: rectification|Free format text: REFERENTE A RPI 2622 DE 06/04/2021 |

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2021-06-29| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 13/11/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

---

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

---

NL2009802A|NL2009802C2|2012-11-13|2012-11-13|Container, preform assembly and method and apparatus for forming containers.|

---

NL2009802|2012-11-13|

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PCT/NL2013/050813|WO2014077681A2|2012-11-13|2013-11-13|Container, preform assembly and method and apparatus for forming containers|

---