• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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    • 专利摘要:
    deep and vertical tree in horizontal. it is a subsea hydrocarbon production system that comprises a pipe hanger that is positioned at the top end of a well bore, a pipe column that extends from the pipe hanger in the well bore and is connected fluidly to the pipe hanger production hole, and a Christmas tree that is positioned above the pipe hanger. the christmas tree comprises a production hole that is fluidly connected to the pipe hanger production hole, a production outlet that is connected to the production hole, a first barrier element that is positioned at the production outlet, and a first containment device that is positioned in the production bore above the production outlet. in this way, access from above the Christmas tree through the production hole does not require passage through a barrier element.
    公开号:BR112015010166B1
    申请号:R112015010166-6
    申请日:2013-11-06
    公开日:2021-04-13
    发明作者:J0Ren Breda；Eglil Âsli；Eric R. Smedstad；Richard Murphy；Paul L. Riley
    申请人:Fmc Technologies, Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0001] The present invention relates to a Christmas tree for an underwater hydrocarbon production system. More particularly, the invention is directed to a tree that combines the ease of recovery associated with vertical Christmas trees with the ease of power supply associated with horizontal Christmas trees.
    [0002] Vertical Christmas trees ("VXTs") with closed fail-safe valves ("FSC") in the vertical bore are not compatible with elements hanging from the top of the tree. Horizontal Christmas trees ("HXTs") are not easily recoverable, since the pipe hanger is suspended from the tree. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [0003] In accordance with the present invention, therefore, an underwater hydrocarbon production system is provided which comprises a pipe hanger which is positioned at an upper end of a well bore, the pipe hanger including a pipe bore. production of pipe hanger; a pipe column that extends from the pipe hanger into the well bore and is fluidly connected to the pipe hanger production hole; and a Christmas tree which is positioned above the pipe hanger and which comprises a production bore that is fluidly connected to the pipe hanger production hole; a production outlet that is connected to the production bore; a first barrier element that is positioned at the production outlet; and a first containment device that is positioned in the production bore above the production outlet. In this way, access from above the Christmas tree through the production hole does not require passage through a barrier element.
    [0004] In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, the subsea hydrocarbon production system comprises a second containment device that is positioned in the production bore above the first containment device so that the first and second containment devices provide two pressure barriers between the borehole and the environment during the production mode of operation of the Christmas tree. In this embodiment, the second containment device may comprise a tree cover or a wire cable plug. In another aspect of the invention, the subsea hydrocarbon production system comprises a third containment device that is positioned in the production bore below the production outlet.
    [0005] In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, the subsea hydrocarbon production system comprises a downhole equipment device that is positioned on the pipe column, the downhole equipment device being connected to a column suspension that is connected to a downhole equipment hanger that is held in the production bore above the production outlet; wherein the downhole equipment device is installed via the first containment device. In this embodiment, the subsea hydrocarbon production system can also comprise a second containment device that is positioned in the production bore below the production outlet; wherein the downhole equipment device is installed via both the first and the second containment devices.
    [0006] In addition, one end of the suspension column located on the downhole equipment hanger can be connected to an external power source by a wet plug connector. In this modality, the wet plug connector can be connected to a power supply and / or utility supply in a tree cover that is held and sealed at the top of the Christmas tree. In addition, the downhole equipment hanger can be positioned below the first containment device, in which case the wet connector is configured to extend through the first containment device. Alternatively, the end of the cable can be connected to a wet plug connector half that is configured to be engaged by a radial wet plug connector half mounted on the Christmas tree.
    [0007] In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, the subsea hydrocarbon production system comprises a downhole equipment device that is positioned on the pipe column, the downhole equipment device being connected to a column suspension that is connected to a downhole equipment hanger that is held in the pipe hanger production hole; where the downhole equipment hanger is located below the first containment device. The subsea hydrocarbon production system may additionally comprise a second containment device that is positioned in the production bore below the production outlet; wherein the downhole equipment hanger is located on both the first and second containment devices.
    [0008] The downhole equipment hanger can also comprise several axial through holes that allow fluid to pass through the pipe hanger production hole. In addition, one end of the suspension column located on the downhole equipment hanger can be connected to an external power supply via a wet plug connector. In particular, the end of the suspension column can be connected to a wet plug connector half which is configured to be engaged by a radial wet plug connector half mounted on the Christmas tree. Alternatively, the end of the suspension column located on the downhole equipment hanger can be connected, via a suspension column extender, to a termination head which is connected, in turn, to an external power supply by a wet plug connector. The wet plug connector can be connected to a through-power and / or utility supply in a tree cover that is secured and sealed on the top of the Christmas tree. In one aspect of the embodiment, the downhole equipment hanger is positioned below the first containment device and the wet connector is configured to extend through the first containment device. In accordance with another aspect, the termination head is connected to a wet plug connector half which is configured to be engaged by a radial wet plug connector half mounted on the Christmas tree.
    [0009] In accordance with yet another embodiment of the invention, the submarine hydrocarbon production system comprises a submersible hydraulic pump that is positioned in the pipe column, the pump including a fluid power duct that is connected to a water downhole equipment that is held in the production bore above the production outlet and below the first containment device; and a pump duct that has a first end that is connectable to a source of pressurized fluid and a second end that is connected to the production bore below the first containment device and above the downhole equipment hanger; wherein with the first closed containment device, the pressurized fluid is communicated through the pump duct, the production bore and the fluid power duct to activate the pump. In this mode, the fluid exhausted by the pump leaves the production bore through the production outlet. This embodiment can also comprise a pump valve for controlling the flow of pressurized fluid through the pump conduit.
    [0010] In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, an underwater hydrocarbon production system is provided which comprises a pipe hanger which is positioned at an upper end of a well bore, the pipe hanger including a production bore pipe hanger; a pipe column that extends from the pipe hanger in the well bore and is fluidly connected to the pipe hanger production hole; and a Christmas tree which is positioned above the pipe hanger and which comprises an axially extending tree-making hole that is connected to the pipe-hanger production hole; a laterally extending production outlet that is connected to the tree production bore; a first barrier element that is positioned at the production outlet; and a second barrier element that is positioned in the tree production bore below the production outlet. The subsea hydrocarbon production system also includes a downhole equipment device that is positioned on the pipe column and is connected to a suspension column that is connected, in turn, to a downhole equipment hanger; wherein the downhole equipment hanger is seated in one of the pipe hanger production hole or the tree production hole below the second barrier element.
    [0011] In this modality, the downhole equipment hanger can comprise several axial through holes that allow the passage of fluid through the pipe hanger production hole and the tree production hole. In addition, the downhole equipment hanger can be seated in the pipe hanger production hole. In addition, the downhole equipment hanger may comprise a wet plug connector half to which one end of the suspension column is attached and which is configured to be engaged by a radial wet plug connector half for power supply. and / or utilities to the downhole equipment device. In accordance with one aspect of this modality, the pipe hanger is seated on a wellhead located below the Christmas tree and the radial wet fitting connector is mounted on the wellhead. Alternatively, the pipe hanger can be seated on a pipe head located below the Christmas tree, in which case the radial wet fitting connector is mounted on the pipe head. In addition, a portion of the downhole equipment hanger can extend into the tree production bore, in which case the radial wet-fit connector is mounted on the Christmas tree.
    [0012] In accordance with an additional embodiment of the invention, the downhole equipment hanger is seated in the tree production bore. In this embodiment, the downhole equipment hanger may comprise a wet plug connector half to which one end of the suspension column is attached and which is configured to be engaged by a radial wet plug connector half mounted on the shaft. for the supply of power and / or utilities to the downhole equipment device. Alternatively, the downhole equipment hanger can be seated in the pipe hanger production bore and the pipe hanger can comprise several axially extending bypass ports that allow fluid to pass around the equipment hanger. rock bottom.
    [0013] In this way, it can be seen that the Christmas tree of the present invention addresses the needs to be followed in the underwater hydrocarbon production industry: the need for easy recovery, as the pipe hanger is seated on the wellhead or on the pipe head, not on the Christmas tree; the need for the possibility of elements hanging from the tree through active barriers (that is, barriers that are designed to be actuated routinely, both manually and by remote control) in the vertical production hole; the need for the possibility of a power supply and / or utility supply for the downhole equipment, such as a submersible electric pump ("ESP"), as in conventional HXTs; and the need for the possibility of increasing the bore diameter without having to increase the weight of the tree (i.e., the size of FSC valve actuators).
    [0014] The Christmas tree of the invention increases the functionality of current VXTs and provides a larger bore alternative for HXTs. The added functionality allows the use of greater completions (for example, 24.46 cm (9 to 5/8 ’’)) with minimal impact, or without impact, on the weight of the tree itself. The proposed tree configuration also facilitates the use of a power and / or utility feed-through and a suspension column for downhole equipment, such as submersible pumps.
    [0015] The Christmas tree of the present invention comprises the following technical resources: a pipe hanger suspended from a wellhead or a pipehead; an installable / retrievable downhole equipment hanger located in the vertical hole above or below the side production outlet; a supply for passing power and / or utility through the tree cover or radially through the tree or the pipe head; barrier elements actuated (according to the term defined below) positioned at the production outlet, as in an HXT; actuated barrier elements that have a size that does not depend on the hole size of the vertical production hole; and optional containment devices (as defined below) in the production bore above and / or below the production outlet (for example, in a PMV-like location on a VXT).
    [0016] Existing horizontal enhanced tree ("EHXT") systems are typically very expensive to repair due to the fact that, for example, they require a mobile offshore drilling unit ("MODU") to pull completion to enable the tree to be recovered for repair. In contrast, the Christmas tree of the present invention can be wired to a wellhead or a pipehead to minimize the cost associated with the use of mobile drilling rigs.
    [0017] In addition, the Christmas tree of the invention is especially suitable when there is a need for hanging elements that extend downwards in the well, since the active actuated barrier elements are located at the production outlet, similar to an HXT.
    [0018] As for the aforementioned, it can be seen that the Christmas tree of the present invention offers the following benefits. The tree can facilitate vertical access to the well in large hole completions in a safe and cost-effective manner. The tree can comprise a containment device in the vertical production bore below the production outlet that allows reduced fluids to pass during normal production operations, but can be closed in the event of failure of a primary barrier element. The tree can accommodate additional containment devices in the form of unconventional tree valves, for example, flexible pipe absorbers or variable borehole drawers, thus facilitating the mitigation of some of the functionality that would exist in a control package. well in the tree itself. This becomes practical due to the fact that the tree is recoverable for maintenance without pulling completion, particularly when downhole barriers are used as intervention barriers, for example, a combination of a controlled surface subsurface safety valve ( "SCSSV") and a surface-controlled isolation valve ("SFIV"). The tree makes the weight and size of the conventional tree less dependent on the completion size by placing the FSC barrier devices at the production outlet instead of the vertical production hole. In this way, the tree eliminates the need for large FSC barrier device actuators in the production bore. The tree facilitates the supply of power and / or utility passages and the suspension of downhole equipment disposed by cable, such as ESPs, in submarine completions of the type with VXT. The tree allows maximum flexibility for operators, since the downhole equipment can be installed at any time during the production mode of operation of the tree and, in addition, allows them to standardize on a type of tree if intend to dispose of the downhole equipment or not. Thus, the same tree can be used in this way, simplifying the acquisition and optimization of project cycle times. The tree provides the ability to add additional downhole functions at completion, thereby allowing multilateral downhole surveillance technologies, such as temperature capture by fiber optics, to be employed. The tree allows a downhole equipment hanger to be located at various locations in the vertical hole, for example, below the containment devices in the vertical hole, between the containment devices or above the containment devices.
    [0019] The following are some of the main features of the Christmas tree of the present invention. The tree provides access to the improved well due to the fact that it contains only containment devices in the vertical production bore. Containment devices in the vertical production bore can be replaced by barrier elements to ensure well control functionality as part of a well control or closure philosophy. These barrier elements can be closed against failures. One or more of the vertical hole containment devices, which are typically designed for use during well intervention only, can be "unconventional" valves for a tree, such as a ball valve, a pipe absorber valve flexible or a pipe or a drawer of steel cable, to facilitate the intervention in well and to optimize the system of access to the well. Traditionally, this functionality exists only in the well control package as a component that is added to the tree during a well intervention, but this results in the control of high pressure well fluids in a large diameter hole, thus making the non-practical solution since the pressures continue to rise, and in the motion of the uppermost weight from the wellhead, thus creating moments of greater flexion. This concept of submersion tree functionality and well access / control becomes important for tree systems above 103.42 MPa (15k PSI). The tree facilitates retrofitting of downhole equipment on an existing tree without having to pull the tree and add electrical connections when the through feed is done through the tree cover. Traditionally, ESPs are arranged in horizontal underwater trees in which the electrical connectors for the ESP need to be installed when completion is completed and the pipe hanger is attached. The tree makes conventional tree weight and size less dependent on completion size by eliminating the need for large FSC barrier element actuators in the vertical production bore and providing access to the well via barrier elements or devices containment. The tree provides a means for accommodating downhole equipment that is suspended from a downhole equipment suspension positioned in the vertical production bore or in the pipe hanger. The tree allows the use of electrical, optical and fluid connections. These connections can be a wet fitting, a dry fitting or even wireless, and can extend through the tree cover or radially through, for example, the tree. The tree has a reduced cost; it can be installed by wires without the use of a MODU and without the need to pull barrier elements, such as plugs, on the tree. The general side production outlet can be formed in several possible locations, whereas, in a horizontal tree, it is typically located close to the pipe hanger. The circulation lines can be fitted to the tree to facilitate the outflow of fluids contained between confinement devices, as done with an underwater intervention system, or a pressure test between confinement devices. In this way, the tree additionally integrates the functionality that is normally provided by a well control package in the tree, thereby facilitating intervention. An intervention reconditioning control system ("IWOCS") can be integrated between the tree and the well control package, thus minimizing the various umbilicals in the water, thereby simplifying the integrated operation and allowing that well control operations (valve actuation) are conducted both (approximately) on the top of the well, as usual, and from the host installation in the event that the tree is connected to a host via an umbilical. control of production or other communication to a remote location.
    [0020] These and other objectives and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the detailed description below, with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, reference numbers can be used to denote similar components in the various modalities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0021] Figure 1 is a representation of a vertical Christmas tree of the exemplary prior art;
    [0022] Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the Christmas tree of the present invention;
    [0023] Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the Christmas tree of the present invention;
    [0024] Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a third embodiment of the Christmas tree of the present invention;
    [0025] Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a fourth embodiment of the Christmas tree of the present invention;
    [0026] Figure 6 is a schematic representation of a fifth embodiment of the Christmas tree of the present invention;
    [0027] Figure 7 is a representation of the tree of Figure shown with a first embodiment of the ESP power pass-through arrangement of the present invention;
    [0028] Figure 8 is a representation of a WCP interface that is configured for use with the tree in Figure 7;
    [0029] Figure 9 is an enlarged view of the tree in Figure 7;
    [0030] Figure 10 is a representation of the tree of Figure 3 shown with a second embodiment of the ESP power pass-through arrangement of the present invention;
    [0031] Figure 11 is a representation of a WCP interface that is configured for use with the tree in Figure 10;
    [0032] Figure 12 is an enlarged view of the tree in Figure 10;
    [0033] Figure 13 is a representation of the tree of Figure 3 shown with a third embodiment of the ESP power pass-through arrangement of the present invention;
    [0034] Figure 14 is a representation of a WCP interface that is configured for use with the tree in Figure 13;
    [0035] Figure 15 is a representation of the tree of Figure 3 shown with a fourth embodiment of the ESP power pass-through arrangement of the present invention;
    [0036] Figure 16 is a representation of a WCP interface that is configured for use with the tree in Figure 15;
    [0037] Figure 17 is a representation of a Christmas tree shown with yet another embodiment of the ESP power pass-through arrangement of the present invention;
    [0038] Figure 18 is a cross-sectional representation of the tree in Figure 17 taken along line A - A;
    [0039] Figure 19 is a representation of a Christmas tree shown with an additional embodiment of the ESP power pass-through arrangement of the present invention;
    [0040] Figure 20 is a cross-sectional representation of the tree of Figure 19 taken along line A - A;
    [0041] Figure 21 is a representation of a Christmas tree shown with yet another embodiment of the ESP power pass-through arrangement of the present invention;
    [0042] Figure 22 is a cross-sectional representation of the tree of Figure 21 taken along line A - A;
    [0043] Figure 23 is a representation of an exemplary horizontal Christmas tree shown with an additional embodiment of the ESP power pass-through arrangement of the present invention;
    [0044] Figure 24 is a representation of a WCP interface that is configured for use with the tree in Figure 23;
    [0045] Figure 25 is an enlarged representation of an exemplary horizontal Christmas tree shown with an additional embodiment of the ESP power pass-through arrangement of the present invention;
    [0046] Figure 26 is a schematic representation of an additional embodiment of the Christmas tree of the present invention;
    [0047] Figures 27 and 28 are enlarged views of the tree in Figure 26, but with a PIV shown below the production outlet instead of a PSV above the production outlet, as in Figure 26; and
    [0048] Figures 29 to 31 are representations of additional modalities of the Christmas tree of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0049] Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an illustrative modality of a prior art vertical Christmas tree ("VXT"). The VXT generally comprises 10 part of an underwater hydrocarbon production system that also includes a wellhead 12 which is positioned at the top end of a wellbore 14, a pipe hanger 16 which is seated on the wellhead and a production pipe column 18 extending from the pipe hanger in the well bore. The pipe hanger comprises an axially extending pipe hanger production hole 20 which is connected to the pipe column 18 and an axially extending pipe hanger hole 22 which is connected to an annular space of tu - piping 24 surrounding the pipe column.
    [0050] The VXT 10 is installed on top of the wellhead 12 and is locked in it using a conventional hydraulic connector 26. The VXT 10 includes an axially extending production bore 28 that is connected to the production bore pipe hanger hole 20 and an axially extending annular space hole 30 which is connected to pipe hanger ring space hole 22. Production hole 28 is connected to a side production outlet 32 which is connected, in turn, time, by means of a production flow cycle 34 to a flow line connector 36. Similarly, the annular space hole 30 is connected to a lateral annular space outlet 38 which is connected, in turn, by means of an annular space flow cycle 40, to the flow line connector 36. The flow line connector 36 connects the production flow cycle 34 to a production flow line 42 and the annular space flow cycle 40 to an annular space flow line 44. The production flow line 42 and the annular space flow line 44 can be connected, in turn, for example, to a conventional bridge module or a manifold module (not shown). In addition, the production outlet 32 and the annular space flow cycle 40 can be connected via an intersection line 46.
    [0051] The VXT 10 comprises several valves to control the flow of fluids through the hydrocarbon production system. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, for example, a production piston valve ("PSV") 48 is located in production bore 28 above production outlet 32, an upper production master valve ("UPMV") 50 is located in the production bore below the production outlet, a lower production master valve ("LPMV") 52 is located in the production bore below the UPMV and a side production valve ("PWV") 54 is located in the production outlet between the production bore and the production flow cycle 34. In addition, an annular space piston valve ("ASV") 56 is located in annular space bore 30 above annular space outlet 38, a master space valve annular ("AMV") 58 is located in the annular space bore below the annular space outlet, a side annular space valve ("AWV") 60 is located in the annular space outlet between the annular space hole and the annular space flow 40, and a crossover valve ("XOV") 62 is located at the intersection line 46 between the production outlet and the annular space flow cycle.
    [0052] In the conventional VXT 10 shown in Figure 1, the UPMV 50, LPMV 52 and PWV 54 comprise respective actuators 50a, 52a and 54a, such as hydraulic or electric actuators that are designed to close against failures in the event of a loss of electrical or hydraulic power. Likewise, the AMV 58, AWV 60 and XOV 62 comprise respective actuators 58a, 60a and 62a which are also designed to close against failures in the event of an emergency or a loss of electrical or hydraulic power. PSV 48 and ASV 56, on the other hand, are portrayed as manually operated valves that are normally actuated by a remotely operated vehicle ("ROV"), although they can be closed fail-safe valves ("FSC") that are controlled by a re-conditioning control system ("WOCS").
    [0053] During the production mode of operation of the VXT 10, the UPMV 50, LPMV 52 and PWV 54 are opened and the PSV 48 and XOV 62 are closed. In this configuration, the fluid produced will be directed from production hole 28 to production outlet 32 and from there to production flow cycle 34 and production flow line 42. In addition to PSV 48, a tree cap 64, a crown plug or similar device is locked and sealed on top of the VXT 10 to provide a second pressure barrier between the production bore 28 and the environment. The UPMV 50 and LPMV 52 typically remain open except in the case of an emergency, when the well is closed or when it is necessary to provide a pressure barrier between the well hole and the environment, for example, when the tree cap 64 is removed in preparation for installing intervention equipment.
    [0054] A first modality of the Christmas tree of the present invention is shown schematically in Figure 2. The Christmas tree of this modality, usually 100, is shown mounted on a pipe head 102 which is, in turn, mounted on a head well 104. A pipe hanger 16 from which a production pipe column 18 is suspended is seated on the pipe head 102. The pipe hanger 16 comprises an axially extending pipe hanger bore 20 that it is connected to the pipe column 18 and an axially extending pipe hanger hole 22 which is connected to the pipe annular space 24 surrounding the pipe column. The top and bottom ends of each one of the tree 100 and the pipe head 102, as well as the top end of the well head 104, are ideally provided with a connection profile with a common connection profile 108, for example. example, an H4 profile, to facilitate the use of these components in a variety of subsea production system configurations. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, for example, the pipe head 102 can be omitted and the tree 100 preferably mounted directly on the well head 104, which is designed, in this embodiment, to receive the pipe hanger 16.
    [0055] Similar to the VXT 10 described above, the tree 100 includes an axially extending production hole 28 that is connected to the pipe hanger production hole 20, an axially extending annular space hole 30 that is connected to the pipe hanger annular space hole 22, at least one production outlet 32 which is connected to the production hole and a laterally extending annular space outlet 38 which is connected to the annular space hole. Production outlet 32 is connected, via a production flow cycle 34, to a flow line connector 36. Similarly, annular space outlet 38 is connected, via an annular space flow cycle 40 , to the flow line connector 36. The flow line connector 36, in turn, connects the annular space and production flow cycles 34, 40 to the respective production and annular space flow lines (not shown) .
    [0056] Tree 100 includes various barrier elements and containment devices to control the flow of fluids through the hydrocarbon production system. As used herein, a "barrier element" is an active actuated FSC valve, that is, an FSC valve, such as a PMV or PWV, that is not locked in the open position. In addition, a "containment device" is a non-active actuated FSC valve (ie, an FSC valve that is locked in the open position), it is a fail-as-is ("FAI") valve, a valve actuated open against failures ("FSO"), a manual valve, a plug, a tree cover, a flexible pipe absorber, a pipe drawer or any other device that works to retain pressure when closed. Examples of valve type containment devices include piston valves, service valves, isolation valves, master valves and safety valves.
    [0057] In contrast to the VXT 10 described above, the tree 100 does not include any barrier elements in the production bore 28. Instead, at least one and preferably two containment devices are provided in the production bore 28 and the control elements barrier are moved to production outlet 32. In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 2, for example, a lower production piston valve ("LPSV") 110a and a higher production piston valve ("UPSV") 110b are provided at production bore 28 above production outlet 32 and an active actuated PMV 112 is supplied at production outlet 32 between the production bore and PWV 54 (similar to a conventional horizontal tree). In the production mode of operation of the tree 100, both LPSV 110a and UPSV 110b can be closed to provide the necessary pressure barriers between the production hole 28 and the environment without the need for the pressure containment tree cover or of a similar device.
    [0058] Compared to VXT 10, the tree 100, in effect, moves the barrier elements and their associated actuators from the production hole 28 to the production outlet 32. As a result, the size of the production hole 28 is not restricted by the size of the valve actuators, at least when the containment devices in the production bore do not comprise actuated valves. Consequently, the diameter of the production bore 28 can be increased independently without an associated increase in the size and weight of the tree, where it would be required to accommodate the larger valve actuators. At the same time, the diameter of the production outlet 32, and then the size of the actuators for the production outlet valves can remain relatively small. In a tree 100 embodiment, for example, the production hole 28 may comprise an internal diameter of 17.78 centimeters (7 inches) or larger, while the production outlet may comprise an internal diameter of 12.7 centimeters (5 inches). This relatively large production bore 28 can accommodate larger intervention tools as well as any submersible device that can be suspended and retrievable through the production bore. In addition, since the LPSV 110a and UPSV 110b are not active actuated FSC valves, there is no risk that the valves, the intervention tool column or a power cable, for example, will be damaged in the event of unintended operation or a loss of electrical or hydraulic power to the 100 tree.
    [0059] In addition to the production valves described above, the tree 100 comprises several valves to control or monitor the pressure in the annular space bore 30. As shown in Figure 2, the manually operated ASV 54 is provided in the annular space bore 30 above the annular space outlet 38, an actuated AMV 56 is provided at the annular space outlet below the annular space outlet, an actuated AWV 58 is provided at the annular space outlet between the annular space hole and the space flow cycle annular 40, and an actuated XOV 60 is provided in the annular space flow cycle between the annular space outlet and the production flow cycle 34. In addition, an annular space access valve ("AAV") 114 can be provided in the annular space hole of pipe hanger 22.
    [0060] A second embodiment of the Christmas tree of the present invention is shown schematically in Figure 3. The Christmas tree of this embodiment, generally 200, is shown mounted on a well head 104 which is positioned at the top end of a well hole. . A pipe hanger 16 from which a production pipe column 18 is suspended is seated in the wellhead 104. Pipe hanger 16 comprises an axially extending pipe hanger production hole 20 that is connected to the column of pipe 18 and an axially extending annular space hole of pipe 22 that is connected to the annular space of pipe 24 surrounding the pipe column.
    [0061] The tree 200 includes an axially extending production hole 28 that is connected to the pipe hanger production hole 20, an axially extending annular space hole 30 that is connected to the annular space hole of the pipe hanger. piping 22, at least one production outlet 32 which is connected to the production hole and a laterally extending annular space outlet 38 which is connected to the annular space hole. Production outlet 32 is connected, via a production flow cycle 34, to a flow line connector 36. Similarly, annular space outlet 38 is connected, via an annular space flow cycle 40 , to the flow line connector 36. The tree 200 also includes a crossing line 46 that connects the annular space hole 30 to the production hole 28, an annular space bypass line 202 that connects the annular space hole directly to the flow line connector 36 and a monitoring line 204 that connects the annular space bypass line to the production outlet 32.
    [0062] Similar to the tree 100 described above, the tree 200 replaces the barrier elements in the production hole 28 with containment devices. A PSV 110 is supplied at the production hole 28 above the production outlet 32 and a production isolation valve ("PIV") 111 is provided at the production hole below the production outlet. The PIV 111 can be any of the fining devices described above, for example, a manual valve or an actuated valve FAI, FSO or FSC locked in the open position. In addition, a barrier element, in this case, an active actuated PMV 112, is provided at the production outlet 32 between the production bore 28 and the PWV 54. During the production production mode, the PSV 110 is closed and a pressure retaining tree cover 64, or a similar device, is connected to the top of the tree 200 to provide two pressure barriers between the production bore 28 and the environment.
    [0063] As for the tree 100, the lack of any barrier elements in the production hole 28 will allow the diameter of the production hole to be increased without an associated increase in the size and weight of the tree 200 due to the requirement for larger actuators. valve. Furthermore, there is no risk that either the PSV 110, the PIV 111, an intervention tool column or a power cable will, for example, be damaged in the event of unintended operation or loss of electrical or hydraulic power to the 200 tree.
    [0064] The tree 200 also includes a manually operated ASV 54 in the annular space hole 30 above the annular space outlet 38, an AMV actuated 56 in the annular space hole below the annular space outlet, an AWV actuated 58 in the outlet of annular space between the annular space hole and the annular space flow cycle 40 and an XOV actuated 60 at the intersection line 46 between the annular space line and the production hole 28. The tree 200 can additionally include an isolation valve manually operated annular space ("AIV") 206 in the annular space bore between ASV 54 and annular space outlet 38, an actuated annular space bypass valve ("ABV") 208 in the annular space bypass line 202 between the annular space bore and the monitoring line 204 and an actuated monitoring isolation valve ("MIV") 210 in the monitoring line between the production outlet 32 and the annular space bypass line.
    [0065] A third embodiment of the Christmas tree of the present invention is shown in Figure 4. The Christmas tree of this embodiment, generally 300, is similar in many respects to the tree 200 described above. However, in the present embodiment, PIV 111 is omitted and, preferably, an LPSV 110a and UPSV 110b are positioned in production bore 28 above production outlet 32. As a result, LPSV 110a and UPSV 110b can provide a double barrier protection between the production hole 28 and the environment without the need for a pressure retaining tree cover or similar device.
    [0066] A fourth embodiment of the Christmas tree of the present invention is shown in Figure 5. The Christmas tree of this embodiment, generally 400, is similar in many respects to the tree 300 described above. However, in the present embodiment, a double barrier protection between the production hole 28 and the environment is provided by a single PSV 110 and a pressure retaining tree cap 64. In addition, a conventional plug profile 402 can be provided in the pipe hanger production hole 20, if a wire rope plug is required to be installed in the pipe hanger 16 as an additional means to isolate the production hole from the environment.
    [0067] A fifth embodiment of the Christmas tree of the present invention is shown in Figure 6. The Christmas tree of this modality, usually 500, is similar in many respects to the tree 400 described above. However, in the present embodiment, a double barrier protection between the production hole 28 and the environment is provided by the PSV 110 and a conventional steel cable plug 502 that is installed in the production hole above the PSV.
    [0068] As discussed above, by eliminating the barrier elements in the production bore, the Christmas tree of the present invention facilitates the use of downhole equipment devices, such as submersible pumps, in the hi production system. - submarine drocarbon. Referring to Figures 7 to 9, for example, the Christmas tree 200 discussed above is shown with a submersible pump 600, such as an ESP, which is positioned in the production pipe 18. The ESP 600 is suspended from a suspension column 602 extending from a downhole equipment hanger 604. The suspension column 602 can be, for example, an electrical cable, a hydraulic hose or a flexible pipe or a drill pipe through which several electrical cables and / or hydraulic hoses extend. In the case of ESP 600, for example, the suspension column can comprise an electrical cable. The downhole equipment hanger 604 is locked and sealed, for example, in a wire rope plug profile 606 in production hole 28 above PSV 110. In this way, the suspension column 602 extends both through the Open PSV 110 and PIV 111. A tree cap 608 is held at the top of the tree 200 above the downhole equipment hanger 604. The tree cap 608 can be a pressure containment or debris type cap, and can be installed by ROV. In addition, a tree cap 608 can comprise a power and / or utility ("PU") feed 608a that is configured to provide a path through the tree cap for such attributes as power (e.g., electrical and / or hydraulic), control (for example, power and signals), communication (for example, electrical or fiber optic) or fluid (for example, lubrication, chemicals, hydraulics, actuation and / or testing). As shown in Figure 9, for example, power to the ESP 600 is routed through the PU 608a feed through the tree cap 608 and transmitted to the suspension column 602 via a wet plug connector half 610a on the cap shaft that engages a half of the corresponding wet plug connector 610b to the downhole equipment hanger 604.
    [0069] During the production mode of operation of the tree 200, the downhole equipment hanger 604 and the tree cap 608 provide two pressure barriers between the borehole and the environment. In the event that the ESP 600 needs to be replaced, the tree cap 608 can be removed and a well control package ("WCP") 612 (Figure 8) connected to the top of the tree 200. The WCP 612 can extend up to the surface with a riser (not shown). Alternatively, the light well intervention unit without a riser ("RLWI") (not shown) can be connected to the top of the tree 200 to perform the functions of a WCP. During this operation, a 614 downhole valve (Figure 7) and additional barrier elements / containment devices (not shown) located in production piping 18 below the ESP 600 provide a second pressure barrier between the bore well and the environment. After the WCP 612 with a riser or an RLWI is connected to the 200 tree, the ESP 600 can be retrieved and a new ESP installed. The WCP 612 with a riser or an RLWI is then removed and the tree cap 608 reinstalled to establish power for the new ESP 600.
    [0070] An alternative arrangement for arranging downhole equipment, such as ESP 600 on tree 200 is shown in Figures 10 to 12. In that embodiment, downhole equipment hanger 604 is locked and sealed in the hole production line 28 below PSV 110 and above production line 32 and the wet plug connector half 610a is configured to extend through the PSV to the equipment hanger. This arrangement allows PSV 110 to be used as a second pressure barrier between the borehole and the environment when the tree cap 608 is removed for intervention operations.
    [0071] Another alternative arrangement for arranging downhole equipment, such as the ESP 600 on tree 200 is shown in Figures 13 to 14. In this embodiment, the suspension column 602 is suspended from a suspension equipment well bottom with continuous flow 604a which is seated and locked in the pipe hanger production hole 20. The well bottom equipment hanger 604a comprises several axial through holes 604b to allow fluid communication between the hanger production hole tubing 20 and the tree production bore 28. A suspension column extender 614, similar in construction to suspension column 602, is used to connect the suspension column to a wet plug connector half 610b located in a termination head 616 which is sealed and optionally locked into production hole 28 above PSV 110. The wet plug connector half 610b is in turn connected to a plug connector half x and corresponding wet 610a on the tree cap 608. The tree cap 608a includes a PU pass-through feed 608a and may also comprise a mechanism (not shown) for extending the wet plug connector half 610a into a snap fit half. plug connector 610b.
    [0072] An additional alternative arrangement for arranging downhole equipment, such as the ESP 600 in the tree 200 is shown in Figures 15 to 16. In this embodiment, a power to the ESP 600 is supplied by means of one or more halves radial wet plug connector 618. Wet plug connector halves 618 comprise one or more connecting elements that engage the corresponding wet plug connector halves 620 located on a termination head 616 which is positioned in the production hole 28 above production outlet 32 and below PSV 110. Wet plug connector halves 620 are connected, in turn, through a suspension column extender 614, to suspension column 602 that extends from the suspension of 604a continuous-flow downhole equipment. This arrangement allows the PSV 110 to act as a pressure containment barrier between the borehole and the environment during the 200 tree operating production mode. The second pressure containment barrier is provided by a 622 tree cover that it is locked and sealed to the top of the tree 200.
    [0073] Alternative arrangements for supplying power to a downhole equipment such as the ESP 600 will now be described with reference to Figures 17 to 22. Referring first to Figure 17, an illustrative VXT, usually 700, is shown installed on a wellhead 702 on which a pipe hanger 704 is seated. A production pipe column 706 is suspended from the pipe hanger 704 and extends into the well bore. The pipe hanger 704 includes a pipe hanger production hole 708 that is connected to the production pipe 706. The VXT 700 includes a vertical production hole 710 that is connected to the pipe hanger production hole 708 and a pipe outlet. production 712 that extends laterally from the production bore. As shown, a containment device, for example, a manually operated PIV 714, can be provided at production bore 710 below production outlet 712.
    [0074] In the power supply arrangement shown in Figures 17 to 18, a continuous flow downhole equipment hanger 716 comprising several axial through holes 718 is seated on a shoulder hanging 720 from the pipe hanger 704 and is locked and sealed in the pipe hanger production bore 708. The downhole rig hanger 716 supports a hanging column 722 from which, for example, an ESP (not shown) is suspended. A suspension column extender 724 extends through open PIV 714 and production hole 710 and connects cable 722 to a termination head 726 located in the production hole above production outlet 712. As shown in Figure 18, the terminating head 726 comprises three single pin wet plug connector halves 728a which are configured to be engaged by three corresponding 728b single pin wet plug connector halves on the VXT 700. Whereas the downhole equipment hanger 716 is locked and sealed in the pipe hanger 704, this arrangement allows the VXT 700 to be recovered without having to recover the ESP. It should be understood that suspension column 722, suspension column extender 724, termination head 726 and wet plug connector halves 728a, 728b can provide hydraulic or fiber optic communication as an alternative or in addition to communication power, and that the wet-plug connector halves are just one example of several known means for connecting one or more external cables to the 726 termination head.
    [0075] Another downhole equipment power supply arrangement is shown in Figures 19 to 20. In this embodiment, the suspension column 722 is suspended from a downhole equipment suspension 730 that is seated on one shoulder hangs 720 from the pipe hanger 704 and is locked and sealed in the pipe hanger production hole 708. The downhole equipment hanger 730 extends vertically into the production hole 710 below the production outlet (not shown) and comprises three 728a single pin wet connector halves that are configured to be engaged by three corresponding 728b single pin wet connector halves on the VXT 700. As in the previous embodiment, since the downhole equipment hanger 730 is locked and sealed in the pipe hanger 704, the VXT 700 can be recovered without having to recover the downhole equipment.
    [0076] A power supply arrangement for additional downhole equipment is shown in Figures 21 to 22. The power supply arrangement of this modality is similar in many respects to the power supply arrangement described above in reference to Figures 19 to 20. However, in the present embodiment, the suspension column 722 is connected to a single three-pin wet connector half 736 on the downhole equipment hanger 730 that is configured to be engaged by a matching 738 single, three-pin wet connector half on the VXT 700.
    [0077] In accordance with the present invention, the innovative aspects of the downhole equipment power supply arrangements described above can also be applied to horizontal Christmas trees. Referring to Figures 23 to 24, a typical horizontal Christmas tree ("HXT"), usually 800, is shown installed on a well head 802 located at the top end of a well hole. The HXT 800 includes a central hole that extends 804 vertically and a production outlet that extends laterally 806. A pipe hanger 808 is installed in central hole 804 and supports a column of production pipe 810 that extends into the well hole . The pipe hanger 808 comprises an axially extending pipe hanger production hole 812 that is connected to the production pipe 810 and a laterally extending side door 814 that extends between the pipe hanger production hole and the production outlet 806 of the HXT 800. The flow of well fluids through the HXT 800 is controlled, at least partially, by barrier elements such as a PMV 816 and a PWV 818 which are supplied at the production outlet 806.
    [0078] In the modality shown in Figure 23, the downhole equipment, such as an ESP 820, is suspended from the suspension column 822 which is connected to a downhole equipment suspension 824. The downhole equipment suspension 824 is locked and sealed, for example, in a crown plug profile in the pipe suspension production hole 812 above side door 814. A pressure containment tree cover 826 is connected to the the top of the HXT 800, and the power and / or utilities are transported to the ESP 820 through a power passing supply to a wet plug connector half 828a. The wet plug connector half 828a on the tree cap 826 is, in turn, connected to a corresponding wet plug connector half 828b on the downhole rig 824.
    [0079] During the production mode of operation of the HXT 800, the downhole equipment hanger 824 and the tree cap 826 provide two pressure barriers between the downhole and the environment. If the ESP 820 needs to be replaced, the tree cap 826 can be removed and an interface 830 (Figure 24) similar to interface 612 described above can be connected to the top of the HXT 800. During this operation, one or more bottom valves of well 832 located in production pipeline 810 below ESP 820 provides a second pressure barrier between the well bore and the environment. After the 830 interface is connected to the HXT 800, the ESP 820 can be retrieved and a new ESP can be installed. The interface 830 can then be removed and the tree cover 826 reinstalled to establish the power and / or utilities for the new ESP 820.
    [0080] An alternative modality of the HXT 800 is shown in Figure 25. In Figure 25 the pipe hanger has been removed for clarification. In this modality, the downhole equipment suspension 824 is positioned in the central hole 804 of the HXT 800 above the pipe suspension (not shown). In addition, the downhole equipment hanger 824 is sealed in the central bore 804 by double radial seals 834, 836. All other aspects of this embodiment of the invention are as described above with reference to Figure 23.
    [0081] An alternative embodiment of the Christmas tree of the present invention is shown in Figures 26 to 28. The Christmas tree of this embodiment, generally 900, is similar in many respects to the tree 100 described above with reference to Figure 2. Consequently , the tree 900 is mounted on a pipe head 102 which, in turn, is mounted on a well head 104. A pipe hanger 16 from which a production pipe column 18 is suspended is seated on the head of tubing 102 equal to the modality of Figure 2. As for tree 100, tree 900 includes several barrier elements and containment devices to control the flow of fluid through the production hole 28, the production outlet 32, the annular space hole 30 and the annular space outlet 38. For example, an LPSV 110a and UPSV 110b can be supplied in production hole 28 above production outlet 32, as shown in Figure 26, or a PSV 110 can be provided in the production hole. ac production output image and a PIV 111 can be supplied in the production bore below the production output, as shown in Figures 27 and 28.
    [0082] In the present modality, the 900 tree includes several resources to supply fluid power to a 950 submersible hydraulic pump ("HSP") (Figure 28). The HSP 950 is connected to a suspension column in the form of a fluid power conduit 902 that extends through the pipe column 18 and the pipe hanger production hole 20 and is connected to a bottom equipment hanger. well 904. The downhole equipment hanger 904 is seated and sealed in the production hole 28 above the production outlet 32 just like the downhole equipment hanger 604 shown in Figure 12. The fluid power duct 902 is communicates with an HSP 920 conduit that has a first end that is connected to flow line connector 36, shown in Figure 26, and a second end that is connected to production hole 32 below PSV 110 and above both the production 32 as well as the downhole equipment hanger 904, shown in Figure 28. An HSP valve preferably operated in a hydraulic or electric 910 manner, shown in Figure 26, is positioned in the HSP conduit 920 to control the fluid power flow to the HSP 950.
    [0083] In this way, the 900 tree facilitates the use of an HSP in the submarine hydrocarbon production system. Traditionally, an HSP is powered by pumping fluid power through the annular space of the tree and down into the annular space of a borehole to a sub-bridge in the production pipe that is connected to the HSP. In the present modality, due to the fact that the tree production hole can accommodate a large through hole, the 902 power conduit and the well production can be accommodated in the production pipe, eliminating the need to expose the annular space to pressure fluid power. The fluid power for the HSP 950 can be supplied by any number of pressure sources and can be any one of a variety of fluid types or fluid mixes that are delivered to the flow line connector 36. The fluid power travels through the HSP 920 duct, through the HSP 910 valve and to the production bore 28. With the PSV 48 in the closed position, the fluid is directed through the downhole equipment suspension 904 and into the power duct fluid flow 902. The fluid power then travels to the HSP 950 and is exhausted in the production pipe column 18, where it is mixed with hydrocarbons and travels up to the production pipe column 18 to the production pipe bore. pipe hanger 20, then to production hole 28 and leaves tree 900 through production outlet 32. Fluid power can be routed to production hole 28 in a number of ways that are obvious to people skilled in technical. Figures 26 to 28 illustrate only one of the possible arrangements.
    [0084] Another embodiment of the Christmas tree of the present invention is shown in Figure 29. The Christmas tree of this embodiment, generally 1000, is a vertical Christmas tree that is similar in many respects to the 200 Christmas tree described above. However, in the present embodiment, the PIV 111 in the production hole 28 below the production outlet 32 is replaced by a barrier element, such as a PMV 112. In addition, an ESP 600, or other bottom equipment device well, is suspended in a suspension column 602 from a wellhead suspension device with continuous flow 604a that is seated and locked in the production hole 28 below the PMV 112. The power for the ESP 600 is supplied woven by means of a radial wet plug connector half 618 which is mounted on the 1000 tree and engages with a corresponding wet plug connector half located on the downhole equipment hanger 604a.
    [0085] Similar to PWV 54, PMV 112 is a hydraulic or electrically actuated FSC valve. Due to the fact that the tree 1000 employs a valve actuated hydraulically or electrically in the production bore 28, the overall size of the tree can be reduced in relation to a conventional tree with two valves actuated hydraulically or electrically in the production bore. At the same time, during the 1000 tree operating production mode, the double barrier protection between the borehole and the environment is provided by a PSV 110 located in the production hole 28 above the production outlet 32 of a cap. pressure containment tree 622.
    [0086] The alternative modalities of the Christmas tree 1000 are shown in Figures 30 and 31. In Figure 30, the Christmas tree 1000 is mounted on a pipe head 1002 which, in turn, is mounted on the wellhead ( not shown). The pipe hanger 16 is seated on the pipe head 1002 and the ESP 600, or other downhole equipment device, is suspended from a continuous flow downhole equipment hanger 604a that is seated and locked in place. pipe hanger. The power for the ESP 600 is supplied via a radial wet plug connector half 618 which is mounted on the pipe head and engages with a corresponding wet plug connector half located on the wellhead equipment hanger 604a.
    [0087] The embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 31 is similar in many respects to the embodiment shown in Figure 30. However, instead of a 604a continuous-flow downhole rig, ESP 600, or other downhole equipment device, is suspended from a downhole equipment suspension 604 of the type described above and the well fluids are communicated around the suspension by several bypass flow ports 1004 in the pipe hanger 16 .
    [0088] It should be recognized that, although the present invention has been described in relation to its preferred modalities, people skilled in the art can develop a wide range of structural and operational details without departing from the principles of the invention. For example, the various elements shown in the different modalities can be combined in a different way than the way illustrated above. Therefore, the following claims must be interpreted to cover all equivalents that are covered by the true scope and spirit of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (25)
    [0001]
    1. Subsea hydrocarbon production system comprising: a pipe hanger (16, 704) that is positioned at an upper end of a well bore (14), the pipe hanger including a tubing (20, 708); a pipe column (18) that extends from the pipe hanger (16, 704) into the well hole and is fluidly connected to the pipe hanger production hole (20, 708); a christmas tree (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 700, 900, 1000) which is positioned above the pipe hanger and which comprises: a production hole (28, 710) that is fluidly connected to the hole production of pipe hanger; a production outlet (32, 712) that is connected to the production bore; a first barrier element (54, 112) that is positioned at the production outlet; and a first containment device (64, 110, 110a, 110b, 111, 502, 606, 608, 622, 714) which is positioned in the production bore above or below the production outlet; wherein access from above the Christmas tree through the production bore does not require passage through a barrier element; characterized by the fact that: a downhole equipment device (600, 950) that is positioned in the pipeline column, the downhole equipment device is connected to a suspension column (602, 722, 902 ) which is connected to a downhole equipment hanger (604, 604a, 716, 730, 904) which is secured in the pipe hanger production hole; where the downhole equipment hanger is located below the first containment device.
    [0002]
    2. Subsea hydrocarbon production system, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first confinement device is positioned in the production bore above the production outlet and the subsea hydrocarbon production system further comprises: a second containment device (64, 110, 110a, 110b, 111, 502, 606, 608, 622, 714) which is positioned in the production bore above the first containment device; wherein the first and second containment devices provide two pressure barriers between the borehole and the environment during the production mode of operation of the Christmas tree.
    [0003]
    3. Submarine hydrocarbon production system, according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the second containment device comprises the tree cover (604, 608, 622) or a steel cable plug (502, 606) .
    [0004]
    4. Subsea hydrocarbon production system according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that it additionally comprises a third containment device (64, 110, 110a, 110b, 111, 502, 606, 608, 622, 714) is positioned in the production bore below the production outlet.
    [0005]
    5. Subsea hydrocarbon production system, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first containment device is positioned in the production bore above the production outlet and the subsea hydrocarbon production system additionally comprises: a second containment device (64, 110, 110a, 110b, 111, 502, 606, 608, 622, 714) which is positioned in the production bore below the production outlet; wherein the downhole equipment hanger is located below both the first and second containment devices.
    [0006]
    6. Underwater hydrocarbon production system, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the downhole equipment hanger comprises a number of axial through holes (604b, 718) that allow fluid to pass through the borehole. pipe hanger production.
    [0007]
    7. Underwater hydrocarbon production system, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the end of the suspension column located in the downhole equipment hanger is connected to an external power source by a wet-fit connector (610a, 610b, 618, 620, 728a, 728b, 736, 738).
    [0008]
    8. Submarine hydrocarbon production system according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that the end of the suspension column is connected to a wet fitting connector half (620, 728a) that is configured to be engaged by a half of radial wet connector (618, 728b) mounted on the Christmas tree.
    [0009]
    9. Submarine hydrocarbon production system, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that one end of the suspension column located in the downhole equipment hanger is connected by means of a suspension column extender (614, 724) to a termination head (16, 726) which is connected, in turn, to an external power supply via a wet plug connector.
    [0010]
    10. Submarine hydrocarbon production system, according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the wet plug connector is connected to a power and / or utility (608a) pass-through supply in a tree cover (608) which is held and sealed at the top of the Christmas tree.
    [0011]
    11. Submarine hydrocarbon production system, according to claim 10, characterized by the fact that the downhole equipment hanger is positioned below the first containment device and the wet fitting connector is configured to extend through the first containment device.
    [0012]
    12. Subsea hydrocarbon production system according to claim 9, characterized in that the termination head is connected to a wet fitting connector half which is configured to be engaged by a radial wet fitting connector half mounted on the Christmas tree.
    [0013]
    13. Underwater hydrocarbon production system comprising: a pipe hanger (16, 704) that is positioned at an upper end of a well bore (14), the pipe hanger including a tubing (20, 708); a pipe column (18) that extends from the pipe hanger (16, 704) into the well hole and is fluidly connected to the pipe hanger production hole (20, 708); a christmas tree (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 700, 900, 1000) which is positioned above the pipe hanger and which comprises: a production hole (28, 710) that is fluidly connected to the hole production of pipe hanger; a production outlet (32, 712) that is connected to the production bore; a first barrier element (54, 112) that is positioned at the production outlet; and a first containment device (64, 110, 110a, 110b, 111, 502, 606, 608, 622, 714) which is positioned in the production bore above or below the production outlet; wherein access from above the Christmas tree through the production bore does not require passage through a barrier element; the system characterized by the fact that it still comprises: a submersible hydraulic pump (600, 950) that is positioned in the pipe column, the pump including a fluid power duct (602, 722, 902) that is connected to a downhole equipment hanger (604, 604a, 716, 730, 904) which is held in the production bore above the production outlet and below the first containment device; and a pump duct (920) having a first end that is connectable to a source of pressurized fluid and a second end that is connected to the production bore below the first containment device and above the downhole equipment hanger; wherein with the first closed containment device, the pressurized fluid is communicated through the pump duct, the production bore and the fluid power duct to activate the pump.
    [0014]
    14. Submarine hydrocarbon production system, according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that the fluid exhausted by the pump leaves the production bore through the production outlet.
    [0015]
    15. Underwater hydrocarbon production system, according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that it comprises a pump valve (910) to control the flow of pressurized fluid through the pump conduit.
    [0016]
    16. Subsea hydrocarbon production system comprising: a pipe hanger (16, 704) which is positioned at an upper end of a well bore (14), the pipe hanger including a pipe hanger production hole (20, 708); a pipe column (18) that extends from the pipe hanger in the well hole and is fluidly connected to the pipe hanger production hole; a Christmas tree (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 700, 900, 1000) which is positioned above the pipe hanger and which comprises: an axially extending tree production hole (28, 710) which is connected to the pipe hanger production hole; a laterally extending production outlet (32, 712) that is connected to the tree production bore; a first barrier element (54, 112) which is positioned at the production outlet; and a second barrier element (112) which is positioned in the tree production bore below the production outlet; the system characterized by the fact that it still comprises: a downhole equipment device (600, 950) that is positioned on the pipe column and is connected to a suspension column (602, 722, 902) that is connected, by in turn, to a downhole equipment hanger (604, 604a, 716, 730, 904); wherein the downhole equipment hanger is seated in one of the pipe hanger production hole or the tree production hole below the second barrier element.
    [0017]
    17. Subsea hydrocarbon production system according to claim 16, characterized by the fact that the downhole equipment hanger comprises a number of axial through holes (604b, 718) that allow fluid to pass through the hole of pipe hanger production and tree production hole.
    [0018]
    18. Submarine hydrocarbon production system, according to claim 16, characterized by the fact that the downhole equipment hanger is seated in the pipe hanger production hole.
    [0019]
    19. Subsea hydrocarbon production system according to claim 18, characterized in that the downhole equipment hanger comprises a wet plug connector half (620, 728a) at which one end of the suspension column is connected and configured to be engaged by a radial wet plug connector half (618, 728b) to provide power and / or utilities to the downhole equipment device.
    [0020]
    20. Underwater hydrocarbon production system, according to claim 19, characterized by the fact that the pipe hanger is seated on a wellhead (104, 702) located below the Christmas tree and the radial wet fitting connector it is mounted on the wellhead.
    [0021]
    21. Underwater hydrocarbon production system according to claim 19, characterized by the fact that the pipe hanger is seated on a pipe head (1002) located below the Christmas tree and the radial wet fitting connector is mounted over the pipe head.
    [0022]
    22. Subsea hydrocarbon production system according to claim 19, characterized in that a portion of the downhole equipment hanger extends into the tree production bore and the radial wet fitting connector is mounted on the tree from Christmas.
    [0023]
    23. Underwater hydrocarbon production system, according to claim 16, characterized by the fact that the downhole equipment hanger is seated in the tree production bore.
    [0024]
    24. Subsea hydrocarbon production system according to claim 23, characterized in that the downhole equipment hanger comprises a wet plug connector half (620, 728a) at which one end of the suspension column is connected and configured to be engaged by a radial wet plug connector half (618, 728b) mounted on the Christmas tree to provide power and / or utilities to the downhole equipment device.
    [0025]
    25. Underwater hydrocarbon production system according to claim 16, characterized by the fact that the downhole equipment hanger is seated in the pipe hanger production hole and the pipe hanger comprises several flow ports bypass (1004) that extend axially allowing fluid to pass around the downhole equipment hanger.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BR112015010166A2|2017-07-11|
    WO2014074616A1|2014-05-15|
    EP2917459B1|2020-04-29|
    US9702212B2|2017-07-11|
    SG11201503512XA|2015-06-29|
    EP2917459A1|2015-09-16|
    SG10201702510VA|2017-05-30|
    US20150275608A1|2015-10-01|
    EP2917459A4|2016-09-21|
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    法律状态:
    2018-11-21| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-02-18| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-03-02| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2021-04-13| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 06/11/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201261723209P| true| 2012-11-06|2012-11-06|
    US61/723,209|2012-11-06|
    PCT/US2013/068777|WO2014074616A1|2012-11-06|2013-11-06|Horizontal vertical deepwater tree|
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