• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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    • 专利摘要:
    DRIVE CIRCUIT FOR A PERMANENT MAGNET MOTOR. A drive circuit for an electric motor connected in series with an AC power supply (24) between a first node (A) and a second node (B). The drive circuit includes a bi-directional controllable AC switch (26), an AC-DC conversion circuit counted in parallel with the bi-directional controllable AC switch between the first node and the second node, a position sensor (20) configured to detecting a position of a motor rotor and a switching control circuit (30) configured to control the bi-directional controllable AC switch (26) to be conductive or non-conductive in a predetermined path, based on rotor position and polarity from the AC power supply.
    公开号:BR102015019000B1
    申请号:R102015019000-0
    申请日:2015-08-07
    公开日:2022-02-01
    发明作者:Yue Li；Chi Ping Sun；Bao Ting Liu；En Hui Wang；Fei Xin；Shing Hin Yeung；Xiu Wen Yang；Yan Yun Cui；Shu Juan Huang
    申请人:Johnson Electric International AG；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [001] This invention relates to a driver or drive circuit for a permanent magnet motor, in particular for a low power permanent magnet motor as used, for example, to drive a small fan or a small water pump. . FUNDAMENTALS OF THE INVENTION
    [002] During the start of a synchronous motor, the stator produces an alternating magnetic field causing the permanent magnet rotor to oscillate. The amplitude of rotor oscillation increases until the rotor begins to rotate, and finally, the rotor is accelerated to rotate in sync with the stator's alternating magnetic field. To ensure starting a conventional synchronous motor, a motor starting point is set to be low, which results in the motor not being able to run at a relatively high working point, thus the efficiency is low. In another aspect, it cannot be guaranteed that the rotor rotates in the same direction every time, since a stationary or stationary position of the permanent magnet rotor is not fixed. Therefore, in applications such as a fan and water pump, the impeller driven by the rotor has consecutive radial fins, which results in low operating efficiency of the fan and water pump.
    [003] Figure 1 shows a conventional drive circuit of a synchronous motor, which allows a rotor to rotate in a predetermined direction each time it starts. In the circuit, a stator winding 1 of the motor is connected in series with a TRIAC between two terminals M and N of a VM AC power supply, and a VM AC power supply is converted by a DC to DC conversion circuit. a direct current voltage and direct current is supplied to a position sensor H. The position of the magnetic pole of a motor rotor is detected by the position sensor H, and an output signal Vh from the position sensor H is connected to a PC circuit control switch to control the bidirectional thyristor T. Figure 2 shows a waveform of the drive circuit. It can be seen from Figure 2 that in the drive circuit, no matter which bidirectional thyristor T is connected or disconnected, the AC power supply supplies power to the DC conversion circuit so that the DC conversion circuit constantly supplies and bypasses. power to the H position sensor (referring to a VH signal in Figure 2). In a low power application, in a case where the AC power supply is commercial electricity of about 200V, the electrical energy consumed by two resistors R2 and R3 in the DC conversion circuit is more than the electrical energy consumed by the motor. . SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [004] Therefore, there is a desire for an improved drive circuit for a permanent magnet motor.
    [005] Accordingly, in one of its aspects, the present invention provides a drive circuit for a permanent magnet motor, comprising a stator and a permanent magnet rotor, the stator comprising a stator core and a stator wound winding. in the stator core and adapted to be connected in series with an AC power supply between a first node and a second node, the drive circuit comprising: a bi-directional controllable AC switch connected between the first node and the second node; an AC-DC conversion circuit connected in parallel with the bi-directional controllable AC switch between the first node and the second node, where no current flows through the AC-DC conversion circuit when the first node and second node are short-circuited by the bi-directional controllable AC switch; a position sensor configured to sense a permanent magnet rotor magnetic pole position; and a switching control circuit configured to control the bi-directional controllable AC switch to be switched between an on switching state and a switching off state in a predetermined manner based on the magnetic pole position of the permanent magnet rotor and the polarity of the AC power supply so that the stator winding drives the rotor to rotate only in a fixed direction.
    [006] Preferably, the bidirectional controllable AC switch includes a TRIAC.
    [007] Preferably, a first anode of the TRIAC is connected to the first node, a second anode of the TRIAC is connected to the second node, and a control electrode of the TRIAC is connected to the switching control circuit.
    [008] Preferably, the AC-DC conversion circuit comprises a full wave rectifier circuit which has a high voltage output terminal and a low voltage output terminal.
    [009] Preferably, a zener diode is connected between the high voltage output terminal and the low voltage output terminal.
    [0010] Preferably, the AC-DC conversion circuit comprises a first diode and a second diode which are inversely connected in parallel between the first node and the second node respectively, through a first resistor and a second resistor, an output terminal voltage of the AC-DC conversion circuit is formed at a connection point of the first resistor and a cathode of the first diode, a low voltage output terminal of the AC-DC conversion circuit is formed at a connection point of the second resistor and an anode of the second diode, and the first diode and the second diode are zener diodes.
    [0011] Preferably, the AC-DC conversion circuit comprises a first resistor connected in series with the full wave bridge rectifier between the first node and the second node.
    [0012] Preferably, the full-wave bridge rectifier comprises two branches of the rectifier connected in parallel, one of the two branches of the rectifier comprising a first diode and a third diode inversely connected in series, and the other of the two branches of the rectifier comprising a second diode and a fourth diode inversely connected in series, the high voltage output terminal of the AC-DC conversion circuit is formed at a connection point of a cathode of the first diode and a cathode of the third diode, and the output terminal Low voltage AC-DC conversion circuit is formed at a connection point of one anode of the diode and a second anode of the fourth diode.
    [0013] Preferably, the second diode and the fourth diode are zener diodes.
    [0014] Preferably, the full-wave bridge rectifier comprises two branches of the rectifier connected in parallel, one of the two branches of the rectifier comprises two inversely connected series-connected silicon control rectifiers and the other of the two branches of the rectifier comprises a second diode and a fourth diode inversely connected in series, the high voltage output terminal of the AC-DC conversion circuit is formed at a connection point of the cathodes of the two silicon control rectifiers and the low voltage output terminal of the AC circuit. AC-DC conversion is formed at a connection point of an anode of the second diode and an anode of the fourth diode.
    [0015] Preferably, a first signal terminal connects the cathodes of the two silicon control rectifiers and a second signal terminal connects the terminals of the two silicon control rectifiers, wherein the first signal terminal is connected to a voltage of control reference; a control signal input of the second signal terminal ensures the two silicon control rectifiers to be switched between a switching on state and a switching off state in a predetermined manner in a case that the drive circuit operates normally, or a control signal input from the second signal terminal allows the two silicon control rectifiers to be disconnected in case the drive circuit fails.
    [0016] Preferably, the AC-DC conversion circuit has a high voltage output terminal and a low voltage output terminal, the switching control circuit comprises a first terminal connected to the high voltage output terminal, a second terminal connected to a position sensor output terminal, and a third terminal connected to the electrode of the bidirectional controllable AC switchgear, the high voltage output terminal of the AC-DC conversion circuit is connected to a positive power supply terminal position sensor, and a low voltage output terminal of the AC-DC conversion circuit is connected to a negative terminal of the position sensor power supply.
    [0017] Preferably, a preset direction circuit is placed between the third terminal of the switching control circuit and the control electrode of the bi-directional controllable AC switch, and the preset steering circuit comprises a first bridge switch connected between the third terminal and the control electrode of the bi-directional controllable AC switch, and a second jumper switch and a series-connected inverter are connected in parallel with the first jumper switch between the third terminal and the control electrode.
    [0018] Preferably, the switch control circuit further comprises a third resistor, a fourth resistor, and a fifth diode and a sixth diode inversely connected in series between the position sensor terminal and the electrode of the bi-directional controllable AC switch. output control; a fifth diode cathode a is connected to the output terminal of the position sensor, and a diode cathode a sixth is connected to the electrode of the bi-directional controllable AC switch; one terminal of the third resistor is connected to the high voltage output terminal of the AC-DC conversion circuit, and the other terminal of the third resistor is connected to a connection point of an anode of the fifth diode and an anode of the sixth diode; and two terminals of the fourth resistor are connected to a fifth diode cathode and a sixth diode cathode a respectively.
    [0019] Preferably, the switch control circuit further comprises a third resistor, a fifth diode, and a fourth resistor and a sixth diode connected in series between the position sensor terminal and the control bi-directional controllable AC switch electrode about to leave; an anode of the sixth diode is connected to the electrode of the bi-directional controllable AC switch; one terminal of the third resistor is connected to the high voltage output terminal of the AC-DC conversion circuit, and the other terminal of the third resistor is connected to an anode connection point of the fifth diode and the output position terminal of the sensor; and a fifth diode cathode is connected to the electrode of the bi-directional controllable AC switch.
    [0020] Preferably, the switch control circuit further comprises a third resistor, an NPN transistor, and a fourth and fifth diode resistor connected in series between the position sensor terminal and the control bidirectional controllable AC switch electrode. about to leave; a fifth diode cathode a is connected to the position sensor output terminal; one terminal of the third resistor is connected to the high voltage output terminal of the AC-DC conversion circuit, and the other terminal of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the position sensor; and a base of the NPN transistor is connected to the output terminal of the position sensor, an emitter of the NPN transistor is connected to an anode of the fifth diode, and a collector of the NPN transistor is connected to the high voltage output terminal of the circuit. AC-DC conversion.
    [0021] Preferably, a non-uniform gap is formed between the stator and the permanent magnet rotor, and a polar axis of the permanent magnet rotor has offset one angular with respect to a central axis of the stator when the permanent magnet rotor is at rest .
    [0022] Preferably, the permanent magnet rotor operates at a constant rotational speed of 60F/p during steady-state operation of the motor, where f is the frequency of an AC power supply and p is the number of pole pairs of the rotor.
    [0023] According to a second aspect, the present invention provides an electric motor drive circuit arranged to be connected in series with an AC power supply between a first node and a second node, the drive circuit, comprising : a bi-directional controllable AC switch; an AC-DC conversion circuit connected in parallel with the bi-directional controllable AC switch between the first node and the second node; a position sensor configured to detect a position of an engine rotor; and a switch control circuit configured to control the bi-directional controllable AC switch to be on or off in a predefined manner based on rotor position and an AC power supply polarity.
    [0024] According to a third aspect, the present invention provides a drive circuit for a synchronous motor comprising a stator and a rotor which can rotate with respect to the stator, the stator comprising a stator core and a stator wound winding. on the stator core and adapted to be connected in series with an AC power supply between a first node and a second node, the rotor comprising at least one permanent magnet and operating at a constant rotational speed of 60F/p during a steady-state phase of the motor, where f is a power supply frequency and ac p is the number of rotor pole pairs, wherein the drive circuit comprises: a bi-directional controllable AC switch; an AC-DC conversion circuit connected in parallel with the bi-directional controllable AC switch between the first node and the second node; a position sensor configured to detect a rotor position; and a switch control circuit configured to control the bi-directional controllable AC switch to be on or off in a predefined manner based on rotor position and an AC power supply polarity such that the disc winding of the rotor stator only rotating in a predetermined direction during an engine start-up phase. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0025] A preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the figures of the accompanying drawings. In figures, identical structures, elements or parts appearing in more than one figure are generally marked with the same reference number in all figures in which they appear. The dimensions of the components and features shown in the figures are generally chosen for convenience and clarity in presentation and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The values are listed below.
    [0026] Figure 1 shows a prior art drive circuit for a synchronous motor; Figure 2 shows a waveform of the drive circuit shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a diagrammatic representation of a synchronous motor according to the present invention; Figure 4 is a block diagram of a synchronous motor drive circuit according to the present invention; Figure 5 shows a synchronous motor drive circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 shows a waveform of the drive circuit shown in Figure 5; and Figures 7 to 10 each show a synchronous motor drive circuit in accordance with other embodiments of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED MODALITIES
    [0027] Figure 3 schematically shows a synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. The synchronous motor 10 includes a stator 12 and a permanent magnet rotor 14 rotatably disposed between the magnetic poles of the stator 12 and the stator 12 includes a stator core 15 and a stator winding 16 wound around the stator core 15. The rotor 14 includes at least one permanent magnet that forms at least one pair of permanent magnetic poles with opposite polarities, and rotor 14 operates at a constant rotational speed of 60F/p during a steady-state phase in a case where winding 16 of the stator is connected to an AC power supply, where f is the frequency of an AC power supply and p is the number of rotor pole pairs.
    [0028] Non-uniform interstice 18 is formed between the magnetic poles of the stator 12 and the permanent magnetic poles of the rotor 14 so that a polar axis R of the rotor 14 has an angular deviation α from a central axis S of the stator 12 in a case where the rotor is at rest. The rotor 14 can be configured to have a fixed starting direction (clockwise in this mode, as shown by the arrow in Fig. 3) each time the stator winding 16 is energized. The stator and rotor each have two magnetic poles, as shown in Figure 3. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the stator and rotor may also have more magnetic poles, such as 4 or 6 magnetic poles.
    [0029] A position sensor 20 for detecting the angular position of the rotor is disposed on the stator 12 or at a position close to the rotor inside the stator, and the position sensor 20 has an offset with respect to the central axis S of the stator angular. Preferably, this angular displacement is also α, as in this embodiment. Preferably, the position sensor 20 is a HALL effect sensor.
    [0030] Figure 4 shows a block diagram of a synchronous motor drive circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the drive circuit 22, the stator winding 16 and the AC power supply 24 are connected in series between two nodes A and B. Preferably, the power supply 24 can be a commercial AC power supply with a fixed frequency. , such as 50Hz or 60Hz, and a supply voltage may be, for example, 110V, 220V or 230V. A bi-directional controllable AC switch 26 is connected between the two nodes A and B, in parallel with the stator winding 16 and the AC power supply 24. Preferably, the bi-directional controllable AC switch 26 is a TRIAC, where two of the anodes are connected to the two nodes A and B, respectively. It can be understood that the bidirectional controllable AC switch 26 may alternatively be two inversely controlling silicon rectifiers connected in parallel, and the control circuits can be correspondingly configured to control the two silicon control rectifiers in a predefined manner. An AC-DC conversion circuit 28 is also connected between the two nodes A and B. An AC voltage between the two nodes A and B is converted by the AC-DC conversion circuit 28 to a low DC voltage. The position sensor 20 can be powered by the low voltage DC output, by the AC-DC conversion circuit 28, to detect the position of the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet rotor 14 of the synchronous motor 10 and the output of a corresponding signal. A switch control circuit 30 is connected to the AC-DC conversion circuit 28, the position sensor 20 and the controllable bi-directional AC Switch 26, and is configured to control the controllable bi-directional switching AC 26 to be switched between a switch. a connected state and an off state in a predetermined manner, based on the position of the permanent magnet rotor's magnetic pole that is detected by the position sensor and the polarity of information from the AC power supply 24, which can be obtained from the AC-DC conversion circuit 28, such that the stator winding 16 of the rotor 14 urges to rotate only in the aforementioned fixed starting direction during a motor starting phase. According to this embodiment of the present invention, in a case where the controllable bidirectional AC switch 26 is connected, the two nodes A and B are short-circuited, the AC-DC conversion circuit 28 does not consume electrical energy, since that there is no current flowing through the AC-DC conversion circuit 28, so the efficiency of using electrical energy can be increased significantly.
    [0031] Figure 5 shows a circuit diagram of a drive circuit 40 by a synchronous motor according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. The stator winding 16 of the synchronous motor is connected in series with the AC power supply 24 between the two nodes A and B. A first T1 anode of the RTIAC 26 is connected to the node A, and a second anode T2 of the RTIAC 26 is connected to node B. The AC-DC conversion circuit 28 is connected in parallel with the RTIAC 26 between the two nodes A and B. An AC voltage between the two nodes A and B is converted by the AC-DC conversion circuit 28 into a low voltage DC (preferably low voltage ranges from 3V to 18V). The AC-DC conversion circuit 28 includes a first zener diode Z1 and a second zener diode Z2 which are inversely connected in parallel between the two nodes A and B through a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, respectively. A high voltage at the output terminal C of the AC-DC conversion circuit 28 is formed at a connection point of the first resistor R1 and a cathode of the first zener diode Z1, and a low voltage output terminal D of the AC conversion circuit -CC 28 is formed at a connection point of the second resistor R2 and an anode of the second zener diode Z2. Voltage output terminal C is connected to a positive terminal of position sensor power supply 20, and voltage output terminal D is connected to negative terminal of position sensor power supply 20. Three terminals of switch control circuit 30 is connected to the high voltage output terminal of the AC-DC conversion circuit C of the AC-DC 28, an output terminal of H1 of the position sensor 20 and a control electrode G of the RTIAC 26, respectively. The control circuit of switch 30 includes a third resistor R3, a fifth diode D5 and a fourth resistor R4 and a sixth diode D6 connected in series between the output terminal H1 of the position sensor 20 and the control electrode G of the switch. Bidirectional Controllable AC 26. A sixth diode anode D6 is connected to the switching control electrode G Controlled Bidirectional AC 26. A third resistor terminal R3 is connected to the high voltage output terminal of the AC-C conversion circuit. DC 28, and the other terminal of the third resistor R3 is connected to an anode of diode D5 to fifth. A cathode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the control electrode of the controllable bidirectional AC L switch 26.
    [0032] Referring to Figure 6, an operating principle of the drive circuit 40 is described. In Figure 6, Vac indicates an AC power supply voltage waveform 24, and Iac indicates a current waveform flowing through the stator winding 16. Due to the inductive character of the stator winding 16, the shape Iac current waveform delay with respect to Vac voltage waveform. V1 indicates a voltage waveform between two terminals of the first zener diode Z1, V2 indicates a voltage waveform between two terminals of the second Zener diode Z2, Vcc indicates a voltage waveform between two output terminals C and D of the AC-DC conversion circuit 28, Ha indicates a waveform of a signal output by the output terminal H1 of the position sensor 20, and Hb indicates a rotor magnetic field detected by the position sensor 20. In this embodiment, in a case where position sensor 20 is powered normally, output terminal H1 produces a high logic level in case the rotor magnetic field is detected in the North, or output terminal H1 outputs a low logic level in the case that the rotor's magnetic field is detected in the south.
    [0033] In the event that the rotor magnetic field Hb detected by the position sensor 20 is from North, in a first positive half cycle of the AC power supply, the supply voltage is gradually increased from an instant time t0 at an instant t1 of time, H1 output terminal of the position sensor 20 outputs a high level, and a current passes through resistor R1, resistor R3, diode D5 and control electrode G and the second anode T2 of the RTIAC 26 sequentially. The TRIAC 26 is connected in a case where a trigger current flowing through the control electrode G and the second anode T2 is larger than a gate triggering current Ig. Once the RTIAC 26 is connected, the two nodes A and B are short-circuited, a current flowing through winding 16 in the motor stator is gradually increased until a large forward current flows through winding 16 to drive the motor. rotor 14 rotating clockwise stator as shown in Figure 3. Since the two nodes A and B are shorted together, no current flows through the DC-AC conversion circuit 28 from time t1 to instant t2 to an instant of time. Thus, resistors R1 and R2 do not consume electrical energy, and the output of position sensor 20 is interrupted due to lack of power. Once the current flowing through the two anodes of T1 and T2 of the RTIAC 26 is sufficiently large (which is greater than the holding current Ihold), the RTIAC 26 is maintained to be connected in a case where there is no excitation current flowing. through the control electrode G and the second anode T2. In a negative half cycle of the AC power supply, after an instant of time T3, a current flowing through T1 and T2 is less than the holding current Ihold, the RTIAC 26 is disconnected, the current starts to flow through AC-DC conversion Circuit 28, and terminal H1 of output position sensor 20 produces a high level again. Since a potential at point C is less than a potential at point E, there is no current flowing through the drive control electrode G and the second anode T2 of the RTIAC 26, and the RTIAC 26 is held to be disconnected. Since the resistor of resistors R1 and R2 in the AC-DC conversion circuit 28 are much larger than the resistor of winding 16 on the motor stator, a current currently flowing through winding 16 of the stator is much less than the current flowing through winding 16 of the stator. current flowing through the stator 16 from the moment t1 t2 immediately to the instant of time and generates very little driving force for the rotor 14. Thus, the rotor 14 continues to rotate clockwise due to inertia. In a second positive half-cycle of the AC power supply, similar to the first positive half-cycle, current passes through resistor R1, resistor R3, diode D5, and the control electrode G and the second anode T2 of the RTIAC 26 sequentially. The TRIAC 26 is reconnected, and the current flowing through winding 16 continues to drive rotor 14 to rotate stator clockwise. Likewise, resistors R1 and R2 do not consume electrical energy since the two nodes A and B are short-circuited. In the next negative half cycle of the power supply, the current flowing through the two anodes of T1 and T2 of the RTIAC 26 is less than the holding current Ihold, the RTIAC 26 is again disconnected, and the rotor continues to rotate in the direction time due to the inertia effect.
    [0034] At a T4 time instant, the rotor magnetic field Hb detected by the position sensor 20 changes from South to North, the AC power supply is still in the positive half cycle and the RTIAC 26 is connected, the two nodes A and B are shorted together, and there is no current flow through the AC-DC conversion circuit 28. After the AC power supply enters the negative half cycle, the current flowing through the two anodes of T1 and T2 of the RTIAC 26 is gradually decreased, and the TRIAC 26 is disconnected at an instant of time t5. Then current flows through the second anode T2 and the control electrode G of the RTIAC 26, the diode D6, the resistor R4, the position sensor 20, the resistor R2 and the stator winding 16 sequentially. As the excitation current is gradually increased, the RTIAC 26 is reconnected at an instant of time T6, the two nodes A and B are shorted again, resistors R1 and R2 do not consume electrical power, and the output of the position sensor 20 is stopped due to lack of power is supplied. There is a larger inverse current flowing through the stator winding 16, and the rotor 14 continues to be driven clockwise since the rotor magnetic field is from the south. From instant t5 to instant t6 time, the first Zener diode Z1 and the second Zener diode Z2 are connected, so there is a voltage output between the two output terminals C and D of the AC conversion circuit. -CC 28. At an instant of time T7, the AC power supply enters the positive half cycle again, the RTIAC 26 is disconnected when the current flowing through the TRIAC 26 crosses zero, and then a voltage of the control circuit is gradually increased. As the voltage is gradually increased, a current starts to flow through the AC-DC conversion circuit 28, the H1 position sensor output terminal 20 outputs a low level, there is no excitation current flowing through the electrode of control of G and the second anode T2 of the RTIAC 26, hence the RTIAC 26 is disconnected. Since the current flowing through the stator winding 16 is very small, almost no driving force is generated for the rotor 14. At a T8 time instant, the power supply is in the positive half cycle, the position sensor emits a low level, the TRIAC 26 is kept disconnecting after the current zero crossings, and the rotor continues to rotate clockwise due to inertia. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, the rotor may be accelerated to be synchronized with the rotation of the stator after only one circle after the stator winding is energized.
    [0035] In the embodiment of the present invention, taking advantage of a feature of a TRIAC that the TRIAC is kept to be connected even though there is no excitation current flowing though the TRIAC once the TRIAC is connected, it prevents a resistor in the AC-DC conversion circuit still consumes electrical power after the TRIAC is connected, so the efficiency of using electrical power can be increased significantly.
    [0036] Figure 7 shows a circuit diagram of a drive circuit 42 by a synchronous motor in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The stator winding 16 of the synchronous motor is connected in series with the AC power supply 24 between the two nodes A and B. A first T1 anode of the RTIAC 26 is connected to the node A, and a second anode T2 of the RTIAC 26 is connected to node B. The AC-DC conversion circuit 28 is connected in parallel with the RTIAC 26 between the two nodes A and B. An AC between the two nodes A and B is converted by the AC-DC conversion circuit 28 inwards. a low DC voltage, preferably a low voltage ranging from 3V to 18V. The AC-DC conversion circuit 28 includes a first resistor R1 and a full-wave bridge rectifier connected in series between the two nodes A and B. The bridge full-wave rectifier includes two branches of the rectifier connected in parallel, one of the two branches includes a first rectifier diode D1 and a third diode D3 inversely connected in series, and the other of the two branches of the rectifier includes a second zener diode Z2 and a fourth zener diode Z4 inversely connected in series, the high voltage output terminal C of the AC-DC conversion Circuit 28 is formed at a connection point of a cathode of the first diode D1 and a cathode of the third diode D3 and the low voltage output terminal D of the AC-DC conversion circuit 28 is formed on a connection point of an anode of the second zener diode Z2 and an anode of the fourth zener diode Z4. Output terminal C is connected to a positive terminal of position sensor power supply 20, and output terminal D is connected to a negative terminal of position sensor power supply 20. The switch control circuit 30 includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a fifth diode D5 and a sixth diode D6 inversely connected in series between the output terminal H1 of the position sensor 20 and the controllable bidirectional AC G switching control electrode 26. A cathode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to H1 output terminal of the position sensor, and a cathode of the sixth diode D6 is connected to the control electrode switching control G AC bidirectional controllable. One terminal of the third resistor R3 is connected to the high voltage output terminal C of the AC-DC conversion circuit, and the other terminal of the third resistor R3 is connected to a connection point of an anode of the fifth diode D5 and an anode of the sixth D6 diode. Two terminals of the fourth resistor R4 are connected to a fifth cathode of diode D5 and a cathode of diode D6 the sixth respectively.
    [0037] Figure 8 shows a circuit diagram of a drive circuit 44 for a synchronous motor in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. The drive circuit 44 is similar to the drive circuit 42 in the previous embodiment and the drive circuit 44 is different from the drive circuit 42 in that the zener diodes Z2 and Z4 in the drive circuit 42 are generally replaced by diodes D2 and D4. in the drive circuit rectifier 44. In addition, a zener diode Z7 is connected between the two output terminals C and D of the AC-DC conversion circuit 28, in the drive circuit 44.
    [0038] Figure 9 shows a circuit diagram of a drive circuit 46 for a synchronous motor in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. The stator winding 16 of the synchronous motor is connected in series with the AC power supply 24 between the two nodes A and B. A first T1 anode of the RTIAC 26 is connected to the node A, and a second anode T2 of the RTIAC 26 is connected to node B. The AC-DC conversion circuit 28 is connected in parallel with the RTIAC 26 between the two nodes A and B. An AC voltage between the two nodes A and B is converted by the AC-DC conversion circuit 28 into a low DC voltage, preferably a low voltage ranging from 3V to 18V. The AC-DC conversion circuit 28 includes a first resistor R1 and a full-wave bridge rectifier connected in series between the two nodes A and B. The bridge full-wave rectifier includes two branches of the rectifier connected in parallel, one of the two branches of the rectifier includes two silicon control rectifiers S1 and S3 inversely connected in series, and the other of the two branches of the rectifier includes a second diode D2 and a fourth diode D4 inversely connected in series. The high voltage output terminal of the 28-C AC-DC conversion circuit is formed at a connection point of a cathode of the control silicon rectifier S1 and a cathode of the silicon rectifier S3 control, and the low-voltage output terminal. Voltage of the AC-DC conversion circuit 28 is formed at a connection point of an anode of the second diode D2 and an anode of the fourth diode D4. Output terminal C is connected to a positive terminal of position sensor power supply 20, and output terminal D is connected to a negative terminal of position sensor power supply 20. The switch control circuit 30 includes a third resistor R3, an NPN transistor T6, and a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth diode D5 connected in series between the output terminal H1 of the position sensor 20 and the controllable bidirectional AC G switching control electrode 26. A cathode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the position sensor output terminal H1. One terminal of the third resistor R3 is connected to the high voltage output terminal of the AC-DC conversion circuit, and the other terminal of the third resistor R3 is connected to the output terminal H1 of the position sensor. A base of transistor T6 NPN is connected to the H1 output terminal of the position sensor, an emitter of transistor T6 NPN is connected to an anode of the fifth diode D5, and a collector of transistor T6 NPN is connected to the high Output terminal of voltage C of the AC-DC conversion circuit.
    [0039] In this mode, a reference voltage can be introduced to the cathodes of the two silicon control rectifiers S1 and S3 through a terminal of SC1, and a control signal can be input to control the terminals of S1 and S3 through from an SC2 terminal. Rectifiers S1 and S3 are connected in a case that the control signal input from the SC2 terminal is at a high level, or they are disconnected in a case that the control signal input from the SC2 terminal is at a low level. Based on the configuration, the rectifiers S1 and S3 can be switched between a switching on state and a switching off state in a programmed manner by introducing the high-level terminal of SC2 in a case that the drive circuit normally operates. Rectifiers S1 and S3 are disconnected, changing the control signal input to terminals SC2 from high to low in case the drive circuit fails. In this case, the RTIAC 26, the conversion circuit 28 and the position sensor 20 are disconnected, to ensure the entire circuit is in a zero power state.
    [0040] Figure 10 shows a circuit diagram of a drive circuit 48 for a synchronous motor according to another embodiment of the present invention. The drive circuit 48 is similar to the drive circuit 46 in the previous embodiment, and the drive circuit 48 is different from the drive circuit 46, in that the silicon control diodes S1 and S3 in the drive circuit 46 are replaced by general diodes D1 and D3 in the rectifier of the drive circuit 48, and a Zener diode Z7 is connected between the two terminals C and D of the DC-AC conversion circuit 28. Also, in the drive circuit 48 according to the modality , a preset direction circuit 50 is arranged between the control circuit 30 and the switch 26. The TRIAC preset direction circuit 50 includes a first jumper switch J1, a second jumper switch J2 and an inverter NG connected in series with the second jumper switch J2. Similar to drive circuit 46, in this embodiment, switch control circuit 30 includes resistor R3, resistor R4, NPN transistor T5 and diode D6. One terminal of resistor R4 is connected to a connection point of an emitter of transistor T5 and an anode of diode D6, and the other terminal of resistor R4 is connected to a terminal of the first jumper switch J1, and the other terminal of the first jumper J1 jumper is connected to the control electrode of TRIAC G 26, and the second jumper switch and J2 to series connected inverter NG are connected through two terminals of the first jumper switch J1. In this embodiment, when the first jumper switch J1 is connected and the second jumper switch J2 is disconnected, similar to the above embodiments, the rotor 14 continues to start clockwise; when the second J2 jumper switch is connected and the first J1 jumper switch is disconnected, rotor 14 starts counterclockwise. In this case, one direction from the motor rotor can be selected by selecting one of the two jumper switches to be connected and the other to be disconnected. Therefore, in a case where a drive motor is needed to be supplied for different applications with opposite directions of rotation, it is only necessary to select one of the two jumpers switches J1 and J2 to be connected and the other to be disconnected, and there are other changes need to be made to the trigger circuit, so the trigger circuit according to this mode has good versatility.
    [0041] In the description and claims of this application, each of the verbs "comprises", "includes", "contains" and "has", and their variations, are used in an inclusive sense, to specify the presence of the item or resource specified, but does not exclude the presence of additional items or features.
    [0042] It is appreciated that certain features of the invention, which are, for clarity, described in the context of separate embodiments, may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the invention which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
    [0043] The embodiments described above are provided by way of example only, and various other modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
    [0044] For example, the drive circuit according to the embodiments of the present invention is not only applied to the synchronous motor, but is also applied to other types of permanent magnetic motors, such as a brushless direct current motor.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    1. Drive circuit for a permanent magnet motor comprising a stator (12) and a permanent magnet rotor (14), the stator comprising a stator core (15) and a stator winding (16) wound on the core of the stator and adapted to be connected in series with an AC power supply (24) between a first node (A) and a second node (B), the drive circuit comprising: a bi-directional controllable AC switch (26) connected between the first node (A) and the second node (B); a DC-AC conversion circuit (28) connected in parallel with the bi-directional controllable AC switch between the first node and the second node; a position sensor (20) ) configured to sense a permanent magnet rotor magnetic pole position; and a switching control circuit (30) configured to control the bi-directional controllable AC switch to be switched between a drive state and a non-drive state in a predetermined mode, based on the permanent magnet rotor magnetic pole position and polarity of the AC power supply so that the stator winding drives the rotor to rotate only in a predetermined direction, which is characterized by the fact that the first node (A) and the second node (B) are short circuits in the case of the tap changer controllable AC power (26) is conductive, and there is no current flowing through the AC-DC conversion circuit (28) when the first node (A) and second node (B) are short-circuited by the controllable AC two-way switch (26).
    [0002]
    2. Drive circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the bidirectional controllable AC switch (26) includes a TRIAC, and a first anode (T1) of the TRIAC is connected to the first node (A), a second anode (T2) of the TRIAC is connected to the second node (B), and a control electrode (G) of the TRIAC is connected to the switching control circuit (30).
    [0003]
    3. Drive circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that the AC-DC conversion circuit (28) comprises a full-wave rectifier circuit that has a high voltage output terminal (C) and a voltage terminal. low voltage output (D), and a zener diode (Z7) is connected between the high voltage output terminal (C) and the low voltage output terminal (D).
    [0004]
    4. Drive circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that the AC-DC conversion circuit (28) comprises a first diode (Z1) and a second diode (Z2), which are inversely connected in parallel between the first node (A) and second node (B) through a first resistor (R1) and a first resistor (R2), respectively, a high voltage output terminal (C) of the AC-DC conversion circuit is formed at a connection point of the first resistor and a cathode of the first diode, a low voltage output terminal (D) of the AC-DC conversion circuit is formed at a connection point of the second resistor and an anode of the second diode, and the first diode and the second diode are zener diodes.
    [0005]
    5. Drive circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that the AC-DC conversion circuit (28) comprises a full-wave rectifier circuit that has a high voltage output terminal (C) and a voltage terminal. low voltage output (D), and the AC-DC conversion circuit (28) comprises a first resistor (R1), connected in series with the full-wave bridge rectifier between the first node (A) and the second node (B). ).
    [0006]
    6. Drive circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that the AC-DC conversion circuit (28) comprises a full-wave rectifier circuit that has a high voltage output terminal (C) and a voltage terminal. low voltage output (D), and the full wave bridge rectifier comprises two branches of the rectifier connected in parallel, one of the two branches of the rectifier comprising a first diode (D1) and a third diode (D3) inversely connected in series, and the other of the two branches of the rectifier comprise a second diode (D2) and a fourth diode (D4) inversely connected in series, the high voltage output terminal (C) of the AC-DC conversion circuit is formed at a connection point of a cathode of the first diode and a cathode of the third diode, and the low voltage output terminal (D) of the AC-DC conversion circuit is formed at a connection point of an anode of the second diode and an anode of the fourth diode .
    [0007]
    7. Drive circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that the second diode (D2) and the fourth diode (D4) are zener diodes.
    [0008]
    8. Drive circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that the AC-DC conversion circuit (28) comprises a full-wave rectifier circuit that has a high voltage output terminal (C) and a voltage terminal. low voltage output (D), and the full wave bridge rectifier comprises two branches of the rectifier connected in parallel, one of the two branches of the rectifier comprises two silicon control rectifiers (S1, S3) inversely connected in series, and the other of the two branches of the rectifier comprise a second diode (D2) and a fourth diode (D4) inversely connected in series, the high voltage output terminal (C) of the AC-DC conversion circuit is formed at a point of connection of the cathodes of the two silicon control rectifiers, and the low voltage output terminal (D) of the AC-DC conversion circuit is formed at a connection point of an anode of the second diode and an anode of the fourth diode.
    [0009]
    9. Drive circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that it further comprises: a first signal terminal (SC1) connected to the cathodes of the two silicon control rectifiers and a second signal terminal (SC2) connected to control the terminals of the two silicon control rectifiers (S1, S2), where the first signal terminal is connected to a reference voltage; a control signal input of the second signal terminal ensures that the two silicon control rectifiers are switched between a switching on state and a switching off state in a predetermined manner in a case that the drive circuit operates normally, or a control signal input from the second signal terminal allows the two silicon control rectifiers to be unswitched in case the drive circuit fails.
    [0010]
    10. Drive circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the AC-DC conversion circuit (28) has a high voltage output terminal (C) and a low voltage output terminal (D ), the switch control circuit (30) comprises a first terminal connected to the high voltage output terminal, a second terminal connected to a position sensor terminal (20) output, and a third terminal connected to the control electrode (G) of the bi-directional controllable AC switch (26), the high voltage output terminal of the AC-DC conversion circuit is connected to a positive power supply terminal of the position sensor (20), and the output terminal The low voltage voltage of the AC-DC conversion circuit is connected to a negative power supply terminal of the position sensor.
    [0011]
    11. Actuation circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that a direction preset circuit (50) is arranged between the third terminal of the switching control circuit (30) and the control electrode (G ) of the bi-directional controllable AC switch (26), and the direction preset circuit comprises a first jumper switch (J1) connected between the third terminal and the control electrode of the bi-directional controllable AC switch and a second jumper switch (J2) and a converter (NG) connected in series which is connected in parallel with the first jumper switch between the third terminal and the control electrode (G).
    [0012]
    12. Drive circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that the switching control circuit (30) further comprises a third resistor (R3), a fourth resistor (R4), and a fifth diode (D5) and a sixth diode (D6) inversely connected in series between the output terminal of the position sensor (20) and the control electrode (G) of the bidirectional controllable AC switch (26); a cathode of the fifth diode is connected to the output terminal of the position sensor, and a cathode of the sixth diode is connected to the electrode of the bi-directional controllable AC switch; one terminal of the third resistor is connected to the high voltage output terminal (C) of the AC-DC conversion circuit (28), and the other terminal of the third resistor is connected to a connection point of an anode of the fifth diode and of an anode of the sixth diode; and two terminals of the fourth resistor are connected to a fifth diode cathode and a sixth diode cathode respectively.
    [0013]
    13. Drive circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that the switching control circuit (30) further comprises a third resistor (R3), a fifth diode (D5), and a fourth resistor (R4) and a sixth diode (D6) connected in series between the position sensor terminal (20) and the control electrode (G) of the output bidirectional controllable AC switch (26); an anode of the sixth diode is connected to the electrode of the bi-directional controllable AC switch; one terminal of the third resistor is connected to the high voltage output terminal (C) of the AC-DC conversion circuit (28), and the other terminal of the third resistor is connected to an anode connection point of the fifth diode and the position sensor output terminal; and a cathode of the fifth diode is connected to the control electrode (G) of the bi-directional controllable AC switch (26).
    [0014]
    14. Drive circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that the switching control circuit (30) further comprises a third resistor (R3), an NPN transistor (T6), and a fourth resistor (R4) and a fifth diode (D5) connected in series between the position sensor terminal (20) and the control electrode (G) of the output bidirectional controllable AC switch (26); a fifth diode cathode is connected to the position sensor output terminal; one terminal of the third resistor is connected to the high voltage output terminal (C) of the AC-DC conversion circuit (28), and the other terminal of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the position sensor; and a base of the NPN transistor (T6) is connected to the output terminal of the position sensor, an emitter of the NPN transistor is connected to an anode of the fifth diode, and a collector of the NPN transistor is connected to the high voltage output terminal of the AC-DC conversion circuit.
    [0015]
    15. Drive circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a non-uniform gap (18) is formed between the stator (12) and the permanent magnet rotor (14), and a geometric axis The pole (R) of the permanent magnet rotor has an angular displacement (α) with respect to a central axis (S) of the stator when the permanent magnet rotor is at rest.
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    CN106452268A|2017-02-22|
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    EP2983288A1|2016-02-10|
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    WO2022009246A1|2020-07-09|2022-01-13|De' Longhi Appliances S.R.L. Con Unico Socio|Control method and circuit for a direct current motor for an infusion unit of a machine for preparing coffee beverages|
    法律状态:
    2016-02-10| B03A| Publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention [chapter 3.1 patent gazette]|
    2018-10-30| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-08-13| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: JOHNSON ELECTRIC INTERNATIONAL AG (CH) |
    2020-05-26| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-12-28| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2022-02-01| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 07/08/2015, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CN201410390592|2014-08-08|
    CN201410390592.2|2014-08-08|
    CN201410404474.2A|CN107634683B|2014-08-08|2014-08-15|Synchronous motor drive circuit|
    CN201410404474.2|2014-08-15|
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