• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention discloses a pressure cylinder. The pressure cylinder includes a pressure cylinder body, a receiving part is provided in the pressure cylinder body; the pressure-bearing cylinder body comprises a pressure-bearing side plate, an elongated hole is provided in the pressure-bearing side plate, a horizontal borehole is provided in the rock sample, one end of the borehole protrudes from the center of the square surface of the rock sample, the borehole can pass through the elongated hole with connected to an external device; the invention also discloses a true three-axis hydraulic fracturing tester.
    公开号:BE1028150B1
    申请号:E20205443
    申请日:2020-06-18
    公开日:2021-10-13
    发明作者:Ruilin Hu；Wei Gao；Dan Xu；haoyue Sui；Shangtao Pan
    申请人:Inst Geology & Geophysics Cas；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    PRESSURE-CARRYING CYLINDER AND REAL THREE-AXIS HYDRAULIC FRACTURING TEST DEVICE
    TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to the technical field of the exploitation of oil and gas reservoirs, in particular a pressure-bearing cylinder and a real = three-axis hydraulic fracturing test device.
    BACKGROUND Shale gas refers to the natural gas that is present in organically rich mud shale (mudshale), with the adsorptive and free states as the main types. China is rich in resources, which are widely distributed in many regions. Shale gas extraction can make up for the lack of traditional oil and gas production and reduce pollution caused by fossil fuels in the form of coal in China, which has become an important area for green energy development in China. However, the shale gas deposits in China are located in complicated mountainous regions and have undergone severe earthquake reconstruction. The shale deposits consist mainly of fractures and micropores, with the development of stratification, connections and intermediate layers, great depth of the deposit and an environment that is unfavorable for the storage of shale gas. From the point of view of the existing shale oil and shale gas production technology, China's highly efficient shale oil and shale gas production still faces many theoretical, process-related and technical challenges. Among other things, hydraulic fracturing volume reconstruction and the formation mechanism of multiscalar fracture networks are important problems that must be solved in the underlying scientific theory and production technology for the efficient extraction of shale oil and shale gas. Therefore, the experiment for the physical simulation of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) plays a crucial role in understanding the mechanism of fracture initiation and propagation in complex fractures and the simulation of hydraulic fracturing processes on site. The current state of research in test equipment for simulating hydraulic fracturing is as follows. (1) The patent application no. CN201310407768.6 discloses a device for simulation experiments to visualize the fracture propagation in hydraulic fracturing, which consists of a chamber for rock samples, a unit for loading with
    Crust tension, a simulated pipe tour for hydraulic fracturing, a high-speed camera, a high-pressure pump injection unit and a unit for data measurement and acquisition. The device mainly solves the problem of considering hydraulic fracture propagation in a plane and cannot realize a load in a multiscalar three-dimensional model.
    (2) Patent Application No. CN201010612685.7 discloses a hydraulic fracturing tester for drilling coal rock. The device comprises a sampling device system, a pressure relief system, a breaker system, a closed system and a monitoring system. The law of change of rupture initiation, expansion and elongation can be observed under laboratory conditions, however, due to the fixed volume of the sampling device system, no hydraulic fracturing test of samples could be carried out on a variable scale.
    It can be seen that there are some common problems. First, when performing the hydraulic fracturing test, the size of the model test system is fixed, the size of the captured model body is fixed, or only a limited number of fixed-scale tests can be performed. The hydraulic fracturing test of rock samples with a continuously variable scale under real three-axis stress conditions cannot be carried out. Second, the above three-dimensional model inspection system can only perform the rock mechanics inspection or the shaft hydraulic fracturing inspection, and cannot perform the horizontal well hydraulic fracturing or multi-stage hydraulic fracturing inspection. Finally, the existing true three-axis pressure cylinders for hydraulic fracturing are complex to design and control. Not only does the device occupy a large space, but it is also very difficult to charge and unload, which involves a large space requirement, high cost, and high labor and material resource requirements.
    SUMMARY The object of the invention is to provide a pressurized cylinder and a true triaxial hydraulic fracturing tester to solve the above-mentioned problems present in the prior art, so that a pressurized cylinder is suitable for testing multiscalar rock samples is.
    In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides the following solutions.
    The invention provides a pressure-bearing cylinder comprising: a pressure-bearing cylinder body, the pressure-bearing cylinder body being provided with an opening, a receiving part being provided in the pressure-bearing cylinder body, and the receiving part being used to mount a cube-shaped rock sample; wherein the pressure-bearing cylinder body comprises a pressure-bearing bottom plate, a pressure-bearing side plate and a pressure-bearing back-wall plate, the pressure-bearing bottom plate, the pressure-bearing side plate and the pressure-bearing back-wall plate are mutually perpendicular, the six edges of the pressure-bearing bottom plate, the pressure-bearing side plate and the pressure-bearing back-wall plate are connected to one another, the rock sample is in close contact with the inner surface of the pressure-bearing base plate, the pressure-bearing rear wall plate and the pressure-bearing side plate, any cross-section of the rock sample is square, the square surface of the rock sample is in close contact with the pressure-bearing side plate, an elongated hole in the pressure-bearing side plate Side plate is provided, the included angle between the longitudinal direction of the elongated hole and the horizontal plane is 45 °, provided a horizontal borehole in the rock sample n, one end of the borehole protrudes from the center of the square surface of the rock sample, the borehole can be connected to an external device through the elongated hole, and the width of the elongated hole is greater than the diameter of the borehole.
    Preferably, the elongated hole is a slot hole, both ends of the slot hole are arcuate, and the distance between the center of the arc at the lower end of the slot hole and the lower surface of the receiving part is equal to 0.5 times the side length of the smallest rock sample.
    Preferably, the body comprises the pressure-bearing bottom plate, the two pressure-bearing side plates, the pressure-bearing back-wall plate, a pressure-bearing top plate and a pressure-bearing front plate, the pressure-bearing side plate is an L-shaped steel plate, the two pressure-bearing side plates are parallel to each other with a distance therebetween, and the pressure backing plate, the pressure top plate, the pressure bottom plate, and the pressure front plate are welded to four respective edges of the two pressure side plates.
    Preferably, the L-shaped steel plate comprises a horizontal steel plate and a vertical steel plate, one end of the vertical steel plate is connected to an upper edge of the horizontal steel plate, and the center of the arc at the upper end of the elongated hole is on the horizontal center line of the horizontal steel plate.
    The invention further provides a true three-axis hydraulic fracturing tester comprising: a borehole, three pressure bearing steel plates, multiple pressure applying devices, an external device and the pressure bearing cylinder as described above, the pressure bearing cylinder body being used to produce a Attaching rock sample, three free faces of the rock sample which are not in contact with the pressure-bearing cylinder body are used to arrange the three pressure-bearing steel plates, and the side of the pressure-bearing steel plate which is not in contact with the rock sample is used, to be in contact with the pressurizing end of the pressurizing device, one end of the borehole is provided horizontally in the rock sample and the other end of the borehole protrudes from the elongated hole and is connected to the external device.
    Preferably, the pressure-bearing cylinder comprises the pressure-bearing bottom plate, the two pressure-bearing side plates, the pressure-bearing back-wall plate, a pressure-bearing top plate and a pressure-bearing front plate, the pressure-bearing side plate is an L-shaped steel plate, the two pressure-bearing side plates are parallel to each other with a distance therebetween, and the pressure bearing back plate, the pressure top plate, the pressure bottom plate and the pressure front plate are welded to four respective edges of the two pressure side plates, the receiving part is molded, the pressure applying device is a lifting press, the foot of the lifting press is on the inner surface the pressure-bearing side plate which is not in contact with the rock sample, and provided on the inner surface of the pressure-bearing upper plate and the pressure-bearing front plate, and the protruding head of the lifting press stands with the pressure-bearing steel plate tte in contact and is able to exert pressure on the pressure-bearing steel plate.
    Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the pressure-bearing steel plate is the same as that of the rock sample.
    In comparison with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects: The invention provides a pressure-bearing cylinder and a true three-axis hydraulic fracturing test device. The channel opening of the pressure-bearing side plate is provided as an elongated hole, and the channel opening is inclined at 45 °. The cross-section of a rock sample is square and a borehole is provided in the center of the square cross-section of the rock sample. If the size of the rock sample in the pressurized cylinder body changes, the position of the borehole also changes, but the channel opening, which is inclined at 45 °, can still provide a channel for the borehole. The pressurized cylinder provided by the invention and the pressurized cylinder in the true three-axis hydraulic fracturing tester can enable the testing of multiscalar rock samples.
    > BE2020 / 5443
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions according to the prior art, the drawings used in connection with the embodiments are briefly presented below. Obviously, in the following description, the drawings show only some embodiments of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained in accordance with these drawings without the need for creative work. FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressurized cylinder body without an elongated hole in a pressurized cylinder provided in Embodiment 1; FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a pressurized cylinder body in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a pressure cylinder provided in Embodiment 1; FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a real three-axis hydraulic fracturing test device which is provided in embodiment 2.
    In the drawings denote: 1 - a pressure-bearing cylinder body, 2 - a rock sample, 3 - a borehole, 4 - an elongated hole, 5 - a pressure-bearing side plate, 6 - a pressure-bearing steel plate, 7 - an external device, 8 - a lifting press, 9 a pressurized bottom panel, 10 a pressurized front panel, 11 a pressurized rear wall panel, 12 a pressurized top panel.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS In the following, the technical solution of the embodiment of the invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings for the embodiment of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the invention and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the invention, all other embodiments that can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work belong within the scope of the invention.
    The object of the invention is to provide a pressurized cylinder and a true triaxial hydraulic fracturing tester to solve the problems present in the prior art so that a pressurized cylinder is suitable for testing multiscalar rock samples.
    In order to enable a better understanding of the above objects, features and advantages of the invention, the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
    Embodiment 1 This embodiment provides a pressure cylinder as shown in FIG. 1 to 4 shown.
    The pressure-bearing cylinder body 1 comprises a pressure-bearing cylinder body 1, the pressure-bearing cylinder body 1 being provided with an opening, a receiving part is provided in the pressure-bearing cylinder body 1, and the receiving part is used to mount a cube-shaped rock sample 2; the pressure-bearing cylinder body 1 comprises a pressure-bearing base plate 9, a pressure-bearing side plate 5 and a pressure-bearing rear wall plate 11, the pressure-bearing base plate 9, the pressure-bearing side plate 5 and the pressure-bearing rear wall plate 11 are perpendicular to each other, the pressure-bearing base plate 9 is rectangular, the six edges of the pressure-bearing Base plate 9, the pressure-bearing side plate 5 and the pressure-bearing rear wall plate 11 are connected to one another, the rock sample 2 is in close contact with the inner surface of the pressure-bearing base plate 9, the pressure-bearing rear wall plate 11 and the pressure-bearing side plate 5, any cross-section of the rock sample 2 is square , the square surface of the rock sample 2 is in close contact with the pressure-bearing side plate 5, an elongated hole 4 is provided in the pressure-bearing side plate 5, the included angle between the longitudinal direction of the elongated hole 4 and the ho rizontal plane is 45 °, and a horizontal borehole 3 is provided in the rock sample 2.
    As shown in FIG. 3, the borehole 3 coincides with the horizontal center line of the rock sample 2.
    One end of the borehole 3 protrudes from the center of the square surface of the rock sample 2.
    The borehole 3 is suitable for injecting water or another liquid into the rock sample 2.
    The borehole 3 can be connected to an external device 7 through the elongated hole 4.
    The external device 7 can control the flow rate and the rate of water injection from the borehole 3.
    The width of the elongated hole 4 is greater than the diameter of the borehole 3. An elongated hole 4 is provided in the pressure-bearing side plate 5, and the elongated hole 4 is inclined at an angle of 45 °.
    The cross section of the rock sample 2 is square, and a borehole 3 is provided in the center of the square cross section of the rock sample 2.
    If the size of the rock sample 2 in the pressure-bearing cylinder body 1 changes, the position of the borehole 3 also changes, but the elongated hole 4, which is inclined by 45 °, can still provide a channel for the borehole 3.
    The pressurized cylinder provided by the invention can enable multiscalar rock samples 2 to be tested.
    Furthermore, the elongated hole 4 is a slotted hole, the outer wall of the borehole 3 is cylindrical, and both ends of the slotted hole are arcuate, which corresponds to the shape of the contour of the borehole
    3 corresponds. The radius of the arch is slightly larger than the radius of the borehole 3. The distance between the center of the arch at the lower end of the slot hole and the lower surface of the receiving part is equal to 0.5 times the side length of the smallest rock sample 2. Therefore, can this device can perform the fracturing test of the smallest rock sample 2.
    Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the pressure-bearing cylinder comprises the pressure-bearing base plate 9, the two pressure-bearing side plates 5, the pressure-bearing rear wall plate 11, a pressure-bearing upper plate 12 and a pressure-bearing front plate 10, the pressure-bearing side plate 5 is an L- shaped steel plate, the two pressure-bearing side plates 5 are parallel to each other with a space therebetween, and the pressure-bearing back plate 11, the pressure-bearing top plate 12, the pressure-bearing bottom plate 9 and the pressure-bearing front plate 10 are welded to four respective edges of the two pressure-bearing side plates 5. A receiving part is formed with openings, which is useful for attaching the rock sample 2 in the receiving part for tests.
    Further, the L-shaped steel plate comprises a horizontal steel plate and a vertical steel plate, one end of the vertical steel plate is connected to an upper edge of the horizontal steel plate, and the center of the arc at the upper end of the elongated hole 4 is on the horizontal center line of the horizontal steel plate , whereby fracturing tests of larger rock samples 2 are made possible as far as possible.
    Embodiment 2 This embodiment provides a true three-axis hydraulic fracturing test device as shown in FIG. 4, which comprises: a borehole 3, three pressure-bearing steel plates 6, several pressure-exerting devices, an external device 7 and the pressure-bearing cylinder of embodiment 1. The pressure-bearing cylinder body 1 is used to mount a rock sample 2, three free surfaces of the rock sample 2 which are not in contact with the pressure-bearing cylinder body 1 are used to place the three pressure-bearing steel plates 6, and the side of the pressure-bearing steel plate 6 which is not in contact with the rock sample 2 is used to be in contact with the pressure applying end of the pressure applying device, the pressure bearing steel plate 6 is used to transmit the pressure of the pressure applying device to the rock sample 2 , One end of the borehole 3 is horizontal in the Rock sample is provided and the other end of the borehole 3 protrudes from the elongated hole 4 and is connected to the external device 7.
    Furthermore, the pressure-bearing cylinder body 1 comprises the pressure-bearing bottom plate 9, the two pressure-bearing side plates 5, the pressure-bearing rear wall plate 11, a pressure-bearing top plate 12 and a pressure-bearing front plate 10, the pressure-bearing side plate 5 is an L-shaped steel plate, the two pressure-bearing side plates 5 are parallel to each other with a gap therebetween, and the pressure-bearing back plate 11, the pressure-bearing top plate 12, the pressure-bearing bottom plate 9 and the pressure-bearing front plate 10 are welded to four respective edges of the two pressure-bearing side plates 5, the receiving part is molded, which pressure-exerting The device is a lifting press 8, the foot of the lifting press 8 is provided on the inner surface of the pressure-bearing side plate 5, which is not in contact with the rock sample 2, and on the inner surface of the pressure-bearing upper plate 12 and the pressure-bearing front plate 10, respectively protruding head piece or the end of the lifting press 8 is in contact with the pressure-bearing steel plate 6 and is able to exert pressure on the pressure-bearing steel plate 6.
    Further, the cross-sectional area of the pressure-bearing steel plate 6 is the same as that of the rock sample 2, and the area of each pressure-bearing steel plate 6 is the same as that of the surface of the rock sample 2 in contact therewith.
    In this invention, specific examples are used to explain the principles and implementations of the invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are used only to help understand the method of the invention and its core ideas, while changes in the specific implementation and scope according to the idea of the invention will be possible for those skilled in the art. In short, the content of this description should not be construed as a limitation on the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    Claims 1. A pressure-bearing cylinder comprising: a pressure-bearing cylinder body, the pressure-bearing cylinder body being provided with an opening, a receiving part being provided in the pressure-bearing cylinder body, and the receiving part being used to mount a cube-shaped rock sample; wherein the pressure-bearing cylinder body comprises a pressure-bearing bottom plate, a pressure-bearing side plate and a pressure-bearing back-wall plate, the pressure-bearing bottom plate, the pressure-bearing side plate and the pressure-bearing back-wall plate are mutually perpendicular, the six edges of the pressure-bearing bottom plate, the pressure-bearing side plate and the pressure-bearing back-wall plate are connected to one another, the rock sample is in close contact with the inner surface of the pressure-bearing base plate, the pressure-bearing back wall plate and the pressure-bearing side plate, any cross-section of the rock sample is square, the square surface of the rock sample is in close contact with the pressure-bearing side plate, an elongated hole in the pressure-bearing side plate Side plate is provided, the included angle between the longitudinal direction of the elongated hole and the horizontal plane is 45 °, provided a horizontal borehole in the rock sample n, one end of the borehole protrudes from the center of the square surface of the rock sample, the borehole can be connected to an external device through the elongated hole, and the width of the elongated hole is greater than the diameter of the borehole.
    [2]
    2. The pressure-bearing cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the elongated hole is a slotted hole, both ends of the slotted hole are arcuate, and the distance between the center of the arc at the lower end of the slotted hole and the lower surface of the receiving part is equal to 0.5 times the side length of smallest rock sample.
    [3]
    3. The pressure-bearing cylinder according to claim 2, wherein the pressure-bearing cylinder comprises the pressure-bearing bottom plate, the two pressure-bearing side plates, the pressure-bearing back plate, a pressure-bearing top plate and a pressure-bearing front plate, the pressure-bearing side plate is an L-shaped steel plate, the two pressure-bearing side plates are parallel to each other with a spacing therebetween, and the pressure backing plate, the pressure top plate, the pressure bottom plate and the pressure front plate are welded to four respective edges of the two pressure side plates.
    [4]
    4. The pressure-bearing cylinder according to claim 3, wherein the L-shaped steel plate comprises a horizontal steel plate and a vertical steel plate, one end of the vertical steel plate is connected to an upper edge of the horizontal steel plate and the center of the arc at the upper end of the elongated hole is on the horizontal center line of the horizontal steel plate is located.
    [5]
    5. Genuine three-axis hydraulic fracturing tester, which comprises: a borehole, three pressure-bearing steel plates, multiple pressure-applying devices, an external device and the pressure-bearing cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pressure-bearing cylinder body is used to sample a rock to attach, three free surfaces of the rock sample which are not in contact with the pressure-bearing cylinder body can be used to arrange the three pressure-bearing steel plates, and the side of the pressure-bearing steel plate which is not in contact with the rock sample is used to to be in contact with the pressurizing end of the pressurizing device, one end of the borehole is provided horizontally in the rock sample and the other end of the borehole protrudes from the elongated hole and is connected to the external device.
    [6]
    6. A true three-axis hydraulic fracturing tester according to claim 5, wherein the pressure-bearing cylinder body comprises the pressure-bearing bottom plate, the two pressure-bearing side plates, the pressure-bearing back-wall plate, a pressure-bearing top plate and a pressure-bearing front plate, the pressure-bearing side plate is an L-shaped steel plate , the two pressure side plates are parallel to each other with a space therebetween, the pressure back plate, the pressure top plate, the pressure bottom plate and the pressure front plate are welded to four respective edges of the two pressure side plates, the receiving part is molded, the pressure applying device is a lifting press, the foot of the lifting press is provided on the inner surface of the pressure-bearing side plate which is not in contact with the rock sample, and on the inner surface of the pressure-bearing top plate and the pressure-bearing front plate and which protrudes nde head piece of the lifting press is in contact with the pressure-bearing steel plate and is able to exert pressure on the pressure-bearing steel plate.
    [7]
    7. A true three-axis hydraulic fracturing tester according to claim 5, wherein the cross-sectional area of the pressure-bearing steel plate is the same as that of the rock sample.
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    2021-10-27| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20211013 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CN202020323403.0U|CN211856165U|2020-03-16|2020-03-16|Pressure bearing cylinder and true triaxial hydraulic fracturing experimental device|
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