• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A header (10) for harvesting maize comprises: a supporting frame (12) that can be coupled to a self-propelled harvesting machine, supported on the frame (12), mulching devices (22) arranged downstream of the harvesting units (18, 20) and having tools (36) that can be rotated, and a vertically extending cover (24) which is arranged to the rear of the mulching devices (22) and extends without gaps over a width of the harvesting attachment (10), within which a plurality of mulching devices (22) are arranged.
    公开号:BE1028095B1
    申请号:E20210010
    申请日:2021-02-01
    公开日:2022-01-20
    发明作者:Manfred Lensker；Clemens Weitenberg；Ralf Leveling
    申请人:Deere & Co；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a harvesting attachment for harvesting maize, comprising: a carrying frame which can be coupled to a self-propelled harvesting machine and extends transversely to the forward direction, on which harvesting units for harvesting Corn crops are mounted, post harvester mulchers supported on the frame, with rotatable tools for processing plant stumps remaining in the ground after the crops have been harvested by the harvester units, and a vertically extending cover rearwardly of the mulchers.
    PRIOR ART In many cases, mulching devices for crushing and/or defibrating the plant stumps remaining on the field after harvesting are attached below the headers for harvesting maize, whether to protect the tires of the vehicles driving on the field, to improve the rotting of the plant residues or to destroy the wintering habitat of the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis).
    Cutting, rotating around the vertical axis (EP 0 423 636 A1, EP 0 653 152 A1, DE 10 2004 020 447 A1, DE 10 2012 106 603 A1) or rotating around horizontal axes oriented transversely to the forward direction are usually used for mechanical processing of the corn plant stumps Tools (DE 35 15 295 A1, WO 2014/012620 A1) are used.
    The rotating tools can hit stones lying on the field and hurl them horizontally in any direction. This is particularly problematic when the stones are thrown backwards, because there they can hit the harvesting machine, a transport vehicle driving alongside the harvesting machine that is used to transport the harvested crop, or even people standing there. Although EP 3 391 724 A1 shows a header with mulching devices arranged side by side, which are each provided with a rear cover plate that extends down to the ground, gaps remain between laterally adjacent cover plates. Even the tubular cover element according to EP 3 501 254 A1, which is arranged to the rear of the mulching device, cannot always catch thrown stones.
    It would therefore be desirable to provide a header for harvesting corn, which is provided with mulching devices for mechanically processing the stumps of the corn plant, with improved protection against thrown-off stones.
    Solution This object is achieved according to the invention by the teaching of patent claim 1, with features being listed in the further patent claims which further develop the solution in an advantageous manner.
    A header for corn harvesting includes a self-propelled harvesting machine that can be coupled to a supporting frame that extends transversely to the forward direction and to which harvesting units for harvesting corn plants are attached plant stumps left in the ground by the harvesting units and a vertically extending cover which is arranged to the rear of the mulching devices and extends without gaps over a width of the header, within which a plurality of mulching devices are arranged.
    This improves protection against stones thrown by the shredders.
    The cover can be independent of the mulching devices and an enclosure assigned to the mulching devices, if one is present. Such a housing is described in EP 3 391 724 A1 as a cover plate and is identified there by reference number 60 .
    The harvesting attachment can comprise a middle part that can be coupled to the harvesting machine and outer parts that are articulated on the middle part so that they can swivel between a horizontal operating position and a transport position that is in particular swiveled upwards by about 90°. At least the outer parts are preferably each provided with a cover. Covering the central part at least in its outer areas would be conceivable, while covering the central area of the central part would also be possible, but can also be omitted.
    The cover is preferably fastened to the harvesting attachment in such a way that it extends vertically downwards from the latter when the outer part is in the operating position and backwards when the outer part is pivoted into the transport position. This reduces the width of the header in the transport position, because the cover, which would otherwise extend outwards and increase the transport width, extends backwards in this embodiment and does not increase the transport width of the header.
    Although it would be conceivable to bring about said adjustment of the cover by an associated drive, it is preferred to provide a mechanical coupling between the outer part and the cover, which is configured to move the cover when the outer part is pivoted.
    In particular, the cover can be mounted on the outer part so that it can be moved freely along its length and the mechanical coupling can be configured to convert a movement of the cover caused by gravity along the longitudinal direction of the cover into a rotation of the cover about its longitudinal axis when the outer part is pivoted upwards.
    The mechanical coupling can include a link with a helical surface and a pin cooperating therewith.
    The pin can be coupled to the cover and the backdrop to the outer part.
    A stop can be attached to the central part, which is configured to push the cover outwards, when the outer part is in the operating position, into a position in which it extends vertically and, if necessary, can move backwards out of this position.
    EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT An exemplary embodiment described in more detail below is shown in the drawings.
    They show: Fig. 1: a perspective view of a harvesting attachment in the operating position viewed from the rear left,
    2: the view of FIG. 1 with the header pivoted into the transport position, FIG. 3: an exploded view of the rear area of an outer part with the cover and its attachment to the outer part,
    4: an enlarged view of the attachment of the cover to the outer part in the operating position, and FIG. 5: a view according to FIG. 4 with the outer part brought into the inoperative position. FIG. 1 shows a harvesting attachment 10 for harvesting stalk-like plants, in particular corn. The harvesting attachment 10 comprises a frame 12, which is made up of a central part 14 and two outer parts 14 attached to the sides, which are moved by actuators 34 between the horizontal operating position, as shown in FIG. 1, and the approximately 90° upwards and inside pivoted transport position are movable, as shown in Figure 2. The harvesting attachment 10 can be attached to the front of a feed housing of a forage harvester (not shown) and is moved by this in a forward direction V over a field during harvesting operation. In the transport position, the header 10 can remain on the forage harvester and is moved by this over a road. Attached to the central part 14 are two harvesting units 18 in the form of mowing and intake devices, which in a manner known per se each comprise a lower cutting disk and conveyor disks arranged above it with recesses distributed around their circumference for receiving cut plants. During harvesting operation, the harvesting units 18 rotate with their front sides outwards and transfer the harvested crop to discharge conveyor drums, which bring it into the intake housing of the forage harvester.
    A harvesting unit 20 in the form of a mowing and intake device is attached to each of the two outer parts 16, the basic structure of which corresponds to the harvesting units 18 of the central part 14, but their front sides rotate inwards during harvesting operation. They transfer the harvested crop to the harvesting units 18 of the central part 14, which transfer it together with the crops they have harvested to the discharge conveyor drums, which bring it into the intake housing of the forage harvester.
    In the illustrated embodiment, the working width of the mowing and intake devices 18, 20 is approximately 1.5 m each, so that each of them can harvest two rows of maize plants grown at the usual spacing of 75 cm. However, any other working widths, directions of rotation and numbers of harvesting units 18, 20 would be possible. These could also be designed as chain conveyors or picking units. In addition, further outer parts (not shown) could be attached to the outer parts 16, which are folded inwards by approximately 180° in the transport position.
    At the rear of each harvesting unit 18, 20 are two mulchers 22 with rotatable tools 36 for processing the plant stumps remaining in the ground after the plants have been harvested by the harvesting units 18, 20, in order to shred them and destroy the wintering space of the corn borer. The mulching devices 22 each comprise housings 38 which cover the tools 36 at the top and rear and are equipped with rear skids which run on the ground and which serve to orient the mulching devices 1] 2 about the horizontal axis running transversely to the forward direction V.
    Since the working width of the harvesting units 18, 20 is two rows of corn plants, each harvesting unit 18, 20 is assigned the two mulching devices 22 mentioned. The basic structure of the mulching devices 22 and their attachment to the harvesting attachment 10 is described, for example, in EP 3 391 724 A1, the disclosure of which is incorporated into the present documents by reference.
    As can be seen in FIG. 2, certain gaps still remain between laterally adjacent mulching devices 22, through which, despite the housings 38, any stones still lying on the ground can be thrown backwards by the mulching devices 22. Lateral cover aprons 40 and front cover aprons 42 prevent stones from being thrown off to the side and to the front.
    In order to prevent stones from being thrown backwards, rear covers 24 are attached to the outer parts 16 and are extended inwards by rear covers 26 of the central part 14 .
    No covers 24 or 26 are provided in the center of the header 10; these could be supplemented if necessary, although in practice they have not proven to be absolutely necessary.
    The covers 24 completely cover a width of the header 10 (namely the width of the outer parts 16), in which several mulching devices 22 are located and prevent stones from being thrown backwards through gaps between the housings 38 of the mulching devices 22.
    It would thus be possible to dispense with the housings 38 or to simplify them.
    As can be seen in FIG. 1, the frame 12 of the outer parts 16 has, in the vicinity of both ends, tubes 30 which extend obliquely backwards and downwards.
    At the top of the tubes 30 covers 28 are attached, which extend across the width of the outer parts 16 and cover the space behind the outer parts 16 upwards.
    The covers 24 each connect downwards to the rear edges of the lids 28 and extend downwards, at least as long as the outer parts 16 are in the operating position.
    Similar covers are also attached above and in front of the covers 26 of the middle section 14.
    Reference is now made to FIG. 3, in which the attachment of the cover 24 to the outer part 16 is shown.
    Attached to the underside of the cover 28 is a transverse strip 32 which, like the cover 28, extends across the width of the outer part 16.
    Bearings 44 are screwed to the crossbar 32—distributed over its length—in which a solid or hollow crossbar 46 (at least within the limits shown in FIGS. 4 and 5) is arranged to be freely rotatable about its longitudinal axis and freely displaceable along its longitudinal axis is.
    Attached to the crossbar 46 is a retaining element 48 which extends radially to the crossbar 46 and approximately over its length and is provided with cutouts 54 in the vicinity of the bearings 44 in order to enable the described displacement and rotation of the crossbar 46 . Finally, the cover 24 is secured to the bottom edge of the support member 48 using screws 52 which extend through holes in the cover 24 and in a cross brace 50 . The cover 24 is clamped between the cross brace 50 and the holding element 48 by the screws 52 . The cover 24 can consist of a rigid material (sheet steel or the like) or of a flexible material (rubber or the like).
    In order to couple a rotation of the crossbar 46 and thus the cover 24 to the pivoting movement of the outer part 16 brought about by the actuators 34 between its operating position (Figure 1) and transport position (Figure 2) and without major effort, in particular additional actuators, to prevent that the cover 24 protrudes outwards beyond the outer part in the transport position and would unnecessarily increase the transport width of the header 10, as would be the case with a cover 24 rigidly attached to the outer part 16, a mechanical coupling is configured between the outer part 16 and the cover 24, to move the cover when the outer part is pivoted. The result is that the cover 24 is attached to the harvesting attachment 10 in such a way that it extends vertically downwards from the latter when the outer part 16 is in the operating position and to the rear when the outer part 16 is pivoted into the transport position, as shown in the figures 1 and 2.
    The mechanical linkage is configured to convert gravitational movement of the cover 24 along the longitudinal direction of the cover 24 into rotation of the cover 24 about its longitudinal axis as the outer portion pivots upward. For this purpose, the mechanical coupling includes a gate 56 with a helical surface 60 and a so
    ; 9 BE2021/0010 cooperating pin 58, the pin 58 being coupled to the cover 24 (or the crossbar 46 connected thereto) and the link 56 to the outer part 16 (or the crossbar 32 connected thereto), although also a reversal in the sense would be possible to couple the pin 58 to the outer part 16 and the link 56 to the cover 24. Reference is made to FIGS. 4 to 6 for the structure and function of said mechanical coupling, the left-hand outer part 16 shown there being in the operating position in FIG. 4 and in the transport position in FIG. As already described, the crossbar 46 and with it the cover 24 can be moved and rotated freely on the bearings 44 . The pin 58 firmly coupled to the crossbar 46 rests against the helical surface 60 of the link 56 . Gravity creates a clockwise torque on crossbar 46 causing pin 58 to rotate downwardly on surface 60 until cover 24 is approximately balanced and extends downwardly from crossbar 45 . This movement is assisted or facilitated by stops 62 of center portion 14, as described below.
    If the actuator 34 is actuated starting from the operating position in FIG. 4, the transverse bar 32 rotates and with it the link 56 upwards, as shown in FIG. Due to the force of gravity, which increasingly pulls the cover 24 and its associated elements downwardly and to the right in FIG Rotate 58 and crossbar 46 about their axis and move the pin along surface 60.
    As a result, the situation according to FIGS. 2 and 5 is achieved when the outer part 16 is raised by 90°, namely the then achieved rotation of the cover 24 by 90° to the rear. The return movement is analogous, only in the opposite direction.
    An (optional) stop 62 is attached to both lateral ends of the central part 14 and interacts with the inner end of the crossbar 46 when the outer parts 16 are pivoted downwards by then displacing the crossbar 46 outwards. In the folded-down position of the side parts, the covers 24 can swing back freely, as shown in Figure 4, while the pivoting movement of the covers 24 forwards, as can also be seen in Figure 4, is controlled by the pin 58 and link 56 is limited so that the covers 24 can not swing forward. When the outer members 16 are pivoted upwardly, the crossbar 46 disengages the stop 62 allowing longitudinal and rotational movement of the pin 58 relative to the face 60 of the link as described above and shown in FIG.
    In other words, the stop 62 ensures that when the outer parts 16 are moved from the transport position in Figure 5 to the operating position in Figure 4, the cover 24 is pushed outwards and ultimately assumes the position shown in Figure 4 while the movement of the cover 24 is the position of Figure 4 is accomplished by gravity and movement of pin 58 along surface 60. It should also be noted that the side cover aprons 40 and the front cover aprons 42 can consist of a flexible or rigid material. For geometric reasons, it is not absolutely necessary to fold them backwards or downwards in order not to increase the width of the header 10 when driving on the road. If necessary, however, mechanisms analogous to FIGS. 3 to 5 could be provided in order to enable this folding over independently of an actuator.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    A header (10) for harvesting corn, comprising: a supporting frame (12) which can be coupled to a self-propelled harvesting machine and extends transversely to the forward direction (V), on which harvesting units (18, 20) for harvesting corn plants are attached, on the frame (12) supported mulching devices (22) arranged downstream of the harvesting units (18, 20) with rotating tools (36) for processing the plant stumps remaining in the ground after the plants have been harvested by the harvesting units (18, 20), and one rearward of the Vertically extending cover (24) arranged with mulching devices (22), characterized in that the cover (24) extends without gaps over a width of the header (10), within which a plurality of mulching devices (22) are arranged.
    [2]
    2. Harvesting attachment (10) according to claim 1, wherein the cover (24) is independent of the mulching devices (22) and an optionally associated housing (38) of the mulching devices (22).
    [3]
    3. The harvesting attachment (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the harvesting attachment (10) comprises a middle part (14) that can be coupled to the harvesting machine and outer parts (16) that are articulated on the middle part (14) so that they can pivot between a horizontal operating position and an upwardly pivoted transport position and the outer parts (16) are each provided with a cover (24).
    [4]
    4. Header (10) according to claim 3, wherein the cover (24) is attached to the header (10) in such a way that it extends vertically downwards from the outer part (16) when it is in the operating position and when the outer part is pivoted in the transport position (16) extends rearwardly therefrom.
    [5]
    The header (10) of claim 4, wherein a mechanical linkage between the outer portion (16) and the cover (24) is configured to move the cover (24) when the outer portion (16) is pivoted.
    [6]
    The header (10) of claim 5, wherein the cover (24) is mounted on the outer member (16) to be freely slidable along its length and the mechanical coupling is configured to provide gravity movement as the outer member (16) pivots upward of the cover (24) along the longitudinal direction of the cover (24) into a rotation of the cover (24) about its longitudinal axis.
    [7]
    7. Header (10) according to claim 6, wherein the mechanical coupling comprises a link (56) with a helical surface (60) and a cooperating pin (58).
    [8]
    8. Header (10) according to claim 7, wherein the pin (58) is coupled to the cover (24) and the link (56) to the outer part (16).
    [9]
    9. Header (10) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the central part (14) has a stop (62) attached, which is configured, the cover (24) when the outer part (16) is in the operating position outwards into a To slide position in which the cover (24) extends vertically.
    [10]
    10. Harvesting attachment (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cover (24) is mounted in the operating position in the outer part (16) so that it can swing backwards.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP1709858B1|2010-01-06|Harvester head for agricultural machines
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    EP3272199B1|2019-09-25|Mulching device for processing plant stumps on a field
    DE102005006216B4|2007-06-21|Self-propelled agricultural harvester
    EP2067397B1|2011-06-22|Harvester head to gather and transport cereals in an agricultural harvesting machine
    BE1023463B1|2017-03-28|Harvest header with side cover
    BE1028095B1|2022-01-20|Harvesting attachment with mulching devices for processing plant stumps standing on a field with improved protection against thrown stones
    DE102004024232B4|2012-01-19|Cutting unit with conveyor assemblies
    DE102008042392B4|2021-08-05|Harvesting header for agricultural harvesting machines
    EP1588601B1|2008-09-17|Harvesting machine with a discharging device
    DE102004001383B3|2005-01-27|Rotating harvesting tool for combine harvester has front mounted rotating cylindrical frame with supplementary cross-pieces
    EP2113396B1|2011-01-26|Support wheel assembly for a swath pick-up with self-actuated retainer in transport position
    EP3092890B1|2018-04-18|Cutting assembly for a harvester
    DE102019216223A1|2021-04-22|Mulcher for cultivating stubble of plants standing in a field with pendulum angle limitation
    DE102006030508B4|2014-05-08|Arrangement for pendulum suspension of a header on a harvester
    EP2366272A1|2011-09-21|Harvesting attachment which can be moved between an operational and a transport position
    DE10228880B4|2005-09-08|Mowing device for lawn and landscape meadow maintenance with a device for receiving and shredding crops
    EP1530895B1|2012-09-26|Combined harvester stone trap
    DE102017204249A1|2018-09-20|Combination of an agricultural implement and a road safety with cover, warning and / or lighting devices to secure the implement during a road trip
    DE102006047530A1|2008-04-10|Harvesting equipment for use with e.g. forage harvester, has conveyer device adjustable between harvesting and transportation positions, in which distance between conveyor units is reduced among each other in relation to harvesting position
    DE102019107678B3|2020-08-20|Agricultural mower
    DE102014200770A1|2015-07-23|Schwadaufnehmer with warning signs
    DE102016214321A1|2018-02-08|Harvest header for harvesting stalk-like plants with a tool for processing plant stubble
    DE102019215142A1|2021-04-01|Forage harvester with discharge spout supported separately from the transition housing
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102020202976A1|2021-09-09|
    BE1028095A1|2021-09-20|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    AT301234B|1969-12-23|1972-08-25|Poettinger Ohg Alois|Corn harvester|
    DE3515295A1|1985-04-27|1986-10-30|Claas Ohg, 4834 Harsewinkel|Corncob picker with chopper|
    DE8814440U1|1988-10-19|1989-01-19|Biso Bitter Gmbh & Co Kg, 4520 Melle, De|
    EP3269223A1|2016-07-12|2018-01-17|Deere & Company|Harvesting attachment with a mulching device|
    DE102016214323A1|2016-08-03|2018-02-08|Deere & Company|Mulching device for mechanical processing of plant stubble|
    US5044344A|1989-10-16|1991-09-03|Walbro Corporation|Pressure-responsive fuel delivery system|
    IT1266440B1|1993-11-16|1996-12-30|Capello R & F Flli|HEAD ELEMENT FOR THE COLLECTION OF MAIZE WITH STALK BRUSHES, APPLICABLE ON THE COMBINE HARVESTER.|
    DE102004020447B4|2004-04-27|2006-07-13|Maschinenfabrik Bernard Krone Gmbh|Corroding pest or diseased mushroom distribution method, involves carrying out mechanical milling of plant stubbles and/or harvested crop by cutting and milling device before plant stubbles are transferred from wheels of harvesting machine|
    DE102012014081A1|2012-07-16|2014-01-16|Franz Schrattenecker|Picking unit, header and harvester for maize or the like|
    DE102012106603A1|2012-07-20|2014-05-15|Claas Hungaria Kft.|Series independent attachment for harvesting stemmed crops|
    EP3391724B1|2017-04-19|2020-01-29|Deere & Company|Mulching device for processing plant stumps on a field with adjustable position and/or ground pressure force|
    DE102017223173A1|2017-12-19|2019-06-19|Deere & Company|Harvest header with a mulcher for processing stumps of plants on a field|DE102021120012A1|2020-08-25|2022-03-03|Deere & Company|Arrangement for controlling the height of a header for harvesting stem-like crops|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102020202976.8A|DE102020202976A1|2020-03-09|2020-03-09|Harvesting attachment with mulchers for processing plant stumps standing in a field with improved protection against thrown stones|
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