• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention discloses a composition for combating the dieback of asparagus stems, and belongs to the technical field of biological control in agriculture. The composition comprises a chitosan oligosaccharide, a mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin, an active extract of Chinese herbal medicine, a surfactant, and water.
    公开号:BE1026953B1
    申请号:E20195611
    申请日:2019-09-16
    公开日:2020-08-17
    发明作者:Yingqing Yang；Bo Lan；Hongfan Chen；Qiang Sun；Yuhui Xia；Jian Chen；Guoxin Li；Haiyan Wu；Jiajia Huang；Xiangmin Li；Xiaomei Li
    申请人:Inst Of Plant Protection Jiangxi Academy Of Agricultural Sciences；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Composition for effectively combating the dieback of asparagus stems, and application thereof Field of the invention
    The present invention relates to a composition for effectively controlling dieback of asparagus stems and to a method of applying the same.
    It relates more particularly to a composition for effectively combating the dieback of asparagus stems which is prepared by extensive use of a bioactive oligosaccharide of marine origin and of an extract of Chinese medicinal herb, and belongs to the technical field of the fight. organic in agriculture.
    State of the art
    Asparagus (scientific name: Asparagus officinalis), also known as officinal asparagus root, is a perennial herb in the genus Liliaceae Asparagus (the genus Asparagus) in the family Asparagaceae.
    Her young shoots are used as vegetable food, and she carries the laudatory title of "king of vegetables" in the international market.
    Asparagus officinalis has high nutritional value, can hydrate the lungs, relieve cough and remove phlegm, and has functions such as inhibiting tumor growth, and therefore is deeply appreciated by people.
    In recent years, with the expansion of cultivated areas of Asparagus officinalis, the incidence of diseases has increased year by year, and in particular the occurrence and the lack of dieback of asparagus stems seriously affect the yield and quality of 'Asparagus officinalis.
    The pathogen of asparagus stem dieback is Phomopsis asparagi (Sacc.), Which is a devastating disease prevalent throughout the world; and this disease spreads quickly in rainy and windy conditions, and can also be spread by splashing rain.
    Airborne infections are the main cause of morbidity over large areas.
    The direction and incidence of spread in fields is often affected by wind.
    On the other hand, low land, sticky and heavy texture of the soil, an excessive amount of nitrogen fertilizer, and the like, are all likely to aggravate the onset of the disease.
    The disease is more severe in Asian asparagus growing countries such as China, Japan, Thailand, Indonesia, etc., especially severe in China.
    The disease is common in all Chinese asparagus-producing provinces, and is more severe in the south than in the north.
    Milder cases of the disease cause poor growth and development of Asparagus officinalis, and reduce the yield and quality of Asparagus officinalis; and seriously diseased plants wither early and the whole field is destroyed.
    Currently, the dieback of asparagus stems is mainly treated with chemicals.
    However, the large-scale use of chemical agents for the treatment of asparagus stems for many years has led to the situation where the pathogenic fungi have developed strong drug resistance in many areas and thus the effects of the products. agricultural chemicals have been reduced considerably.
    Lin Peili et al. and Kang Yebin performed a virulence determination of the effect of a combination of different agricultural chemicals on asparagus stem dieback; and Peng Mingsheng and Feng Xiao'an determined the treatment effects of 60% carbendazim hydrochloride wettable powder, 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, 50% benlate wettable powder , 50% wettable captafol powder and 12.5% diniconazole wettable powder, and other agents.
    However, these agents are all fungicides which have been in use for many years, and the asparagus stem dieback pathogen is likely to generate drug resistance to these fungicides, so finding a pathogen is particularly important. substitute agent to control the dieback of asparagus stems.
    Patent technology 2017105568113 disclosed a germicidal composition for controlling asparagus stem dieback and asparagus brown spot disease, where its main components were polyhexamethylene biguanidine hydrochloride, dithane and thiophanate-methyl; it can be seen that this technology is still mainly based on chemical treatment; and patent technology 2013103015752 discloses a chemical fertilizer for controlling the dieback of asparagus stems and a method of fertilizing them, where the key technology is to adjust the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the fertilizer chemical to keep the soil acidic and thus destroy the condition of the onset of stem dieback, which belongs to the "temporary solution". In view of the foregoing elements, the prior art has not disclosed any long-acting and non-polluting composition for combating the dieback of asparagus stems or its application, and thus this remains a technical drawback to be resolved in the art for improving the traditional process of controlling stem dieback.
    Summary of the Invention In order to overcome the drawback of the prior art, the present invention provides a composition for effectively combating the dieback of asparagus stems and a method of applying the same, where by means of an effect synergistic of chitosan voligosaccharide, mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin and active extract of Chinese medicinal herb, it can be used to significantly control the disease of asparagus stalk dieback and improve the yield and quality of 'Asparagus officinalis, thus increasing the interest of planting Asparagus officinalis; and this composition is safe, environmentally friendly and does not pollute the environment, and thus is useful for the sustainable development of the asparagus planting industry.
    In order to achieve the object mentioned above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows.
    The present invention relates to a composition for effectively combating dieback of asparagus stems, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 20 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 5 to 10 parts of mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin, 30 to 50 parts of an active extract of Chinese medicinal herb, 8 to 15 parts of a surfactant, and 200 to 400 parts of water.
    Preferably, the composition mentioned above for effectively combating the dieback of asparagus stems is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 13 to 17 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 6 to 8 parts of mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin, 38 to 45 parts of an active extract of Chinese medicinal herb, 10 to 12 parts of a surfactant, and 250 to 350 parts of water. More preferably, the above-mentioned composition for effectively controlling asparagus stem dieback is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 7 parts of mixed oligosaccharide of of algal origin, 40 parts of an active extract of Chinese medicinal herb, 11 parts of a surfactant, and 300 parts of water.
    The molecular weight of the above-mentioned chitosan oligosaccharide is 1000 to 2000 Da, and particularly the chitosan oligosaccharide having the molecular weight of 1500 Da is most preferred.
    The above-mentioned mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin refers to a mixture of alginate oligosaccharide and carrageenan oligosaccharide in a mass ratio of 8/2. The oligosaccharide of algal origin is preferably an enzymatically decomposed oligosaccharide.
    The above-mentioned active extract of Chinese medicinal herb is made up of aqueous extracts of rhizome sinomeni cauliset, artemisia japonica and purple peril, where the compatibility ratio of raw materials of Chinese medicinal herb is 25 parts of rhizome sinomeni cauliset, 18 parts of artemisia japonica, and 7 parts of purple peril.
    The above-mentioned active extract of Chinese herbal medicine is prepared by the following process: crushing raw materials of Chinese herbal medicine with the impurities being removed; passage through a 100 mesh sieve; addition of pure water which represents 20 times the raw materials of Chinese medicinal herb; addition of 5% cellulase and 3% xylanase in mass ratio of the raw materials of Chinese medicinal herb to effect enzymatic hydrolysis at a controlled temperature of 50-60 ° C under conditions of action of the assistance of ultrasound for 6 h; and filtration after enzymatic hydrolysis, to obtain the filtrate as an active extract of Chinese herbal medicine.
    The present invention also provides a process for preparing the composition for effectively controlling asparagus stem dieback as described above, including the following steps: 1) weighing out a correct amount of each of the oligosaccharide from chitosan, mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin, active extract of Chinese herbal medicine, surfactant and water; 2) pouring the chitosan oligosaccharide, the mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin and the surfactant weighed from step 1) into the correct amount of water, and stirring until they are completely dissolved; and
    3) Pour the correct amount of the active extract of Chinese herbal medicine into the solution formulated in step 2), and stir evenly to obtain a composition to effectively control the dieback of asparagus stems.
    In the present invention, the chitosan oligosaccharide readily enters the cytoplasm and the cell nucleus through the cell membrane of a bacterium due to its relatively low molecular mass, causes the associated physiologically active enzymes to leak into the cell, while interacting with negatively charged substances such as DNA to interfere with DNA replication and transcription, thereby exerting its effect of antimicrobial activity; and chitosan oligosaccharide can also induce disease resistance of a plant and generate immunity and suppress effects on various fungi, bacteria and viruses.
    The mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin promotes the absorption of nutrients by crops, promotes root growth, increases yield, makes plants sturdy, increases resistance to stress, achieves the effects of deep roots and lush and quality-enhancing leaves, and improves bacteriostatic and antibacterial efficacy of Asparagus officinalis; active extract of Chinese medicinal herb plays an important promoting role in the present invention, which significantly increases the bacteriostatic efficiency,
    - antibacterial and disease-fighting product of the present invention by virtue of functional active substances such as saponin in the active principle of the Chinese medicinal herb; and the present invention has found that the combined use of chitosan oligosaccharide, mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin and active extract of Chinese herbal medicine has a strong sustained release function and prolongs the duration of action of the product of the present invention.
    The present invention further provides a method of applying the above-mentioned composition to effectively control the dieback of asparagus stems in the culture of Asparagus officinalis, which is characterized in that the composition for effectively controlling the dieback of asparagus stems is diluted with water in 20-30 volumes of solution for foliar spraying.
    Compared with the prior art, the present invention exhibits the following beneficial effects: (1) in the present invention, it improves the efficiency of the control of the dieback of asparagus stems thanks to the synergistic effect of the oligosaccharide of chitosan, the mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin and the active extract of Chinese medicinal herb, so that the product has remarkable effectiveness in preventing dieback of asparagus stems, remedies the defects of the prior art characterized in that the prevention of asparagus stem dieback is achieved by using a chemical microbial agent or by changing the growing conditions of Asparagus officinalis, which reduces drug residues in the planting process of Asparagus officinalis, has a wide range of application, and exhibits high efficiency in increasing yield, and can therefore significantly improve food safety and the benefit of plantation of Asparagus officinalis, and the experimental results show that the preventive effect of the composition of the present application on the dieback of asparagus stems is greater than 88%; (2) the product of the present invention is environmentally friendly and environmentally friendly, the selected raw materials are products extracted from plants, and there is no secondary pollution on the agricultural growing environment; (3) the product of the present invention is encapsulated in the form of a liquid, has a low production cost, and a production method which is favorable for large-scale promotion;
    (4) The present invention mainly includes chitosan oligosaccharide, mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin and active extract of Chinese herbal medicine, and these three substances cooperate to produce remarkable synergistic effect, so that the composition of the present invention has significant effects on controlling the dieback of asparagus stems and improving the yield and quality of Asparagus officinalis, and a technical effect of "1 + 1> 2" has been obtained; and (5) the raw material composition of the active extract of Chinese herbal medicine of the present invention is rhizome sinomeni cauliset, artemisia japonica and purple peril, where the rhizome sinomeni cauliset has the function of dissipating the wind and relieve pain and release heat and disinhibit water, artemisia japonica has the function of releasing heat and overcoming the exterior, and purple peril has the function of dissipating the cold outside; and the experimental results indicate that a Chinese medicinal herb alone has no efficacy in preventing asparagus stem dieback, and that some efficacy in controlling asparagus stem dieback can be obtained through the reasonable compatibility of the rhizome sinomeni cauliset, of Vartemisia japonica and of the purple peril, and above all that it can significantly improve the efficiency of the fight against the dieback of asparagus stems by the product of the present invention.
    Detailed Description In the following embodiments, the active extracts of Chinese herbal medicines are all prepared by the following method: precise formulation of the raw materials of Chinese herbal medicines with the impurities being removed according to the ratio of 25 parts of rhizome sinomeni cauliset , 18 parts of artemisia japonica, and 7 parts of purple peril; grinding, passing through a 100 mesh sieve, adding pure water which is 20 times the raw materials of Chinese medicinal herb; addition of 5% cellulase and 3% xylanase in mass ratio of the raw materials of Chinese medicinal herb to effect enzymatic hydrolysis at a controlled temperature of 50-60 ° C under conditions of action of the assistance of 'ultrasound for 6 hours; and filtration after enzymatic hydrolysis, to obtain the filtrate as an active extract of Chinese herbal medicine.
    In each of the following embodiments, the molecular weight of chitosan voligosaccharide is about 1500 Da; and mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin refers to a mixture of alginate oligosaccharide and carrageenan oligosaccharide in a mass ratio of 8/2. Embodiment 1 A composition for effectively combating the dieback of asparagus stems was prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 7 parts of mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin, 40 parts of an active extract of Chinese herbal medicine, 11 parts of a surfactant, and 300 parts of water;
    The above-mentioned process for preparing the composition to effectively control the dieback of asparagus stems includes the following steps:
    1) Weigh the correct amount of each of the chitosan oligosaccharide, the mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin, the active extract of Chinese herbal medicine, the surfactant and water;
    2) pouring the chitosan oligosaccharide, the mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin and the surfactant weighed from step 1) into the correct amount of water, and stirring until they are completely dissolved; and 3) pouring the correct amount of the active extract of Chinese herbal medicine into the solution formulated in step 2), and stirring evenly to obtain a composition to effectively control the dieback of asparagus stems. The application of the above-mentioned composition to effectively control the dieback of asparagus stems consists of diluting with water in 30 volumes of a solution for foliar spraying.
    Embodiment 2 A composition for effectively combating the dieback of asparagus stems was prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 17 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 6 parts of mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin, 45 parts of an active extract of Chinese herbal medicine, parts of a surfactant, and 350 parts of water; The preparation method and the application method were the same as in Embodiment 1.
    Embodiment 3 A composition for effectively combating dieback of asparagus stems was prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 13 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 8 parts of mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin , 38 parts of an active extract of Chinese herbal medicine, 12 parts of a surfactant, and 350 parts of water; The preparation method and the application method were the same as in Embodiment 1.
    Comparative Embodiment 1 (It is the same as Embodiment 1, except that the composition contains only the active extract of Chinese medicinal herb) A composition for effectively combating dieback of asparagus stems was prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 62 parts of an active extract of Chinese herbal medicine, 11 parts of a surfactant, and 300 parts of water.
    The preparation method and the application method were the same as in Embodiment 1.
    Comparative Embodiment 2 (It is the same as Embodiment 1, except that the composition contains only the chitosan oligosaccharide) A composition for effectively controlling asparagus stem dieback was prepared from from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 62 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 11 parts of a surfactant, and 300 parts of water.
    The preparation method and the application method were the same as in Embodiment 1. Comparative Embodiment 3 (it is the same as in Embodiment 1 except that the composition contains only the oligosaccharide mixed of algal origin) A composition for effectively combating the dieback of asparagus stems was prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 62 parts of alginate oligosaccharide, 11 parts of a surfactant, and 300 parts of water. The preparation method and the application method were the same as in Embodiment 1. Embodiment 4 Comparison of impacts of different compositions on asparagus stem dieback control effect and increase indices. yield
    1. Study of the disease A diagonal sampling in five points was carried out per plot, 5 successive clumps of Asparagus officinalis were taken per spot, and 3 Asparagus officinalis chosen randomly were studied per cluster, so that a total of 25 clumps of Asparagus officinalis, i.e., 75 Asparagus officinalis, were studied, and the number of healthy plants and the number of diseased plants in each class were recorded. The disease classification criteria referred to the standards set by Yang Yingging et al. Class 0: absence of appearance; class 1: the affected area represented less than 6% of the total area; class 2: the affected area represented 6% to 10% of the total area; class 3: the affected area represented 11% to 20% of the total area; class 4: the affected area represented 21% to 30% of the total area; and class 5: the affected area represented more than 30% of the total area;
    2. Data processing and calculation process
    Disease index => (the number of diseased plants in each class x a relative class value) / the total number of plants that were studied x 5x 100; Treatment effect = (disease index for the control area - disease index for the treated area) / disease index for the control area x 100%; Rate of increase in yield = (yield in the treated area - yield in the untreated control area) / yield in the untreated control area x 100%;
    3. Experimental results Table 1 Effects of the different compositions on the control of stem dieback and the indices of increase in yield Indices of determination Effect of treatment (%) = Rate of increase in yield /% Experimental group of the embodiment 190.23 + 1.21 18.22 + 1.25 Experimental group of Embodiment 288.32 + 1.62 17.45 + 1.19 Experimental group of Embodiment 389.24 + 1.18 18.48 + 1.32 Comparative group of Embodiment 1 29.63 + 1.09 11.45 + 0.94 Comparative group of Embodiment 2 25.18 +1.72 9.18 + 0.58 Comparative group of Mode of achievement 3 20.23 + 1.41 12.77 + 1.12 As indicated in Table 1, the experimental results showed that, compared to conventional operations in the control group, the effects of the treatment of each of the Modes of Achievements 1 to 3 were greater than 88%, indicating that the product of the present invention had a significant control effect. dieback of asparagus stems. Comparative Embodiment 1 contained only the active extract of Chinese herbal medicine, which exhibited a value of the maximum control effect against dieback of asparagus stems of 29.63%, indicating that although the active extract of Chinese herbal medicine exhibited some fighting efficiency, the effect was not significant; Comparative Embodiment 2 contained only the chitosan oligosaccharide without the active extracts of Chinese herbal medicine and the mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin, which showed a treatment effect against stem dieback of 25.18%, but the effect of treatment was significantly different from two of Embodiments 1 to 3; Comparative Embodiment 3 contained only the alginate oligosaccharide without the active extract of Chinese herbal medicine and the chitosan oligosaccharide, which showed an effect of the stem dieback treatment of 20.23%, but the the effect of the treatment was significantly different from those of Embodiments 1 to 3; and by comprehensively comparing the effects of the treatment on the dieback of the asparagus stems of the Comparative embodiments
    1 to 3, this indicated that there was a significant synergistic effect of chitosan oligosaccharide, algal oligosaccharide and active extract of Chinese herbal medicine, and that a technical effect of "1 + 1> 2 ”was obtained on the fight against dieback of asparagus stems.
    In addition, the experimental results also showed that the product of the present invention had significant efficacy in improving the yield of Asparagus officinalis, and that the change in the raw material composition of the product could significantly reduce the growth promoting effect. of the product (P <0.01). The embodiments mentioned above are only illustrative of technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting of the present invention; although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the previous embodiments, for those skilled in the art, modifications can always be made to the technical solutions described in the previous embodiments or equivalent elements may replace certain technical elements in the previous embodiments. previous embodiments; and these modifications and substitutes would not exclude the nature of the corresponding technical solutions from the claimed spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    1. Composition for effectively combating dieback of asparagus stems, wherein the composition consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 20 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 5 to 10 parts of mixed oligosaccharide. algal origin, 30 to 50 parts of an active extract of Chinese medicinal herb, 8 to 15 parts of a surfactant, and 200 to 400 parts of water.
    [2]
    2. A composition for effectively combating the dieback of asparagus stems according to claim 1, wherein the composition consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 13 to 17 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 6 to 8 parts of chitosan. mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin, 38 to 45 parts of an active extract of Chinese herbal medicine, 10 to 12 parts of a surfactant, and 250 to 350 parts of water.
    [3]
    3. A composition for effectively combating the dieback of asparagus stems according to claim 1, wherein the composition consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 7 parts of mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin, 40 parts of an active extract of Chinese medicinal herb, 11 parts of a surfactant, and 300 parts of water.
    [4]
    4. A composition for effectively combating the dieback of asparagus stems according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is from 1000 to 2000 Da, and in particular the chitosan oligosaccharide. Most preferred is chitosan oligosaccharide having the molecular weight of 1500 Da.
    [5]
    5. A composition for effectively combating the dieback of asparagus stems according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin refers to a mixture of alginate oligosaccharide and oligosaccharide carrageenan in a mass ratio of 8/2; and the oligosaccharide of algal origin is preferably an enzymatically decomposed oligosaccharide.
    [6]
    6. A composition for effectively combating the dieback of asparagus stems according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the active extract of the Chinese medicinal herb consists of aqueous extracts of rnizome sinomeni cauliset, of. artemisia japonica and purple perilla, wherein the compatibility ratio of the raw materials of Chinese herbal medicine is 25 parts of rhizome sinomeni cauliset, 18 parts of artemisia japonica, and 7 parts of purple perilla.
    [7]
    The composition for effectively combating the dieback of asparagus stems according to claim 6, wherein the active extract of Chinese herbal medicine is prepared by the following method: grinding Chinese herbal raw materials with the impurities. being eliminated; passage through a 100 mesh sieve; addition of pure water which represents 20 times the raw materials of Chinese medicinal herb; addition of 5% cellulase and 3% xylanase in mass ratio of the raw materials of Chinese medicinal herb to effect enzymatic hydrolysis at a controlled temperature of 50-60 ° C under conditions of action of the assistance of ultrasound for 6 h; and filtration after enzymatic hydrolysis, to obtain the filtrate as an active extract of Chinese herbal medicine.
    [8]
    8. A composition for effectively combating the dieback of asparagus stems according to claim 1, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps: 1) weighing out a correct amount of each of the chitosan oligosaccharide, mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin, active extract of Chinese medicinal herb, surfactant and water; 2) pouring the chitosan oligosaccharide, the mixed oligosaccharide of algal origin and the surfactant weighed from step 1) into the correct amount of water, and stirring until they are completely dissolved; and
    3) pouring the correct amount of the active extract of Chinese herbal medicine into the solution formulated in step 2), and even stirring to obtain a composition for effectively combating the dieback of asparagus stems.
    [9]
    9. The composition for effectively controlling the dieback of asparagus stems according to claim 1, wherein the composition for effectively controlling the dieback of asparagus stems is diluted with water in 20 to 30 volumes of solution in order. foliar spray.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BE1026953A1|2020-08-04|
    CN109452319B|2021-04-23|
    CN109452319A|2019-03-12|
    引用文献:
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    CN108902160A|2018-08-09|2018-11-30|江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所|A kind of bactericidal composition and fungicide for preventing and treating Asparagus Stem Blight|
    CN109020727B|2018-10-12|2021-09-14|江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所|Biological organic fertilizer for preventing stem blight of asparagus and preparation method thereof|
    法律状态:
    2020-08-27| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20200817 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CN201811567149.2A|CN109452319B|2018-12-19|2018-12-19|Composition for efficiently preventing and treating stem blight of asparagus and application thereof|
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