USE OF PELARICONIC ACID FOR LIMITING THE GROWTH OF THICKERS ON PLANTS

专利摘要:
The present invention relates to the use of pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants for inhibiting the growth of buds on plants. It also relates to a composition comprising pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants in an amount effective to inhibit the growth of buds on plants. Preferably, the composition comprises pelargonic acid in an amount between 50 and 90 weight percent and one or more polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters or sorbitan alkyl esters in an amount between 10 and 50 weight percent, wherein 100 weight percent is the total amount of pelargonic acid and one or more polyoxyethylene glycolsorbitan alkyl esters or sorbitan alkyl ester. It also relates to a method for applying pelargonic acid or the composition in an amount effective to inhibit the growth of buds on plants.
公开号:BE1024540B1
申请号:E2017/5568
申请日:2017-08-18
公开日:2018-04-03
发明作者:Pottelberge Steven Van；Johan Desnouck；Caroline Nguyen
申请人:Belchim Crop Protection N.V.；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

USE OF PELARONIC ACID FOR LIMITING THE GROWTH OF THIFTS IN THE FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the use of pelargonic acid to inhibit the growth of buds on plants. It also relates to a composition comprising pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants in an amount effective to inhibit the growth of buds on plants. Preferably, the summary comprises pelargonic acid in an amount between 50 and 90% by weight and one or more non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate-type surfactants in an amount between 10 and 50% by weight, 100% by weight representing the total amount of pelargonic acid and one or more ionic surfactants of the sorbitan or polysorbate type. It also relates to a method for applying pelargonic acid or the composition in an amount effective to inhibit the growth of buds on plants.
BACKGROUND
In many plant varieties, the central stem initiates the growth of "shoots", also known as "sprouts"; "Shoots" or "armpit buds", which are usually located in the armpits of the leaves. Depending on the regulatory network (eg plant development, genotype, hormones and nutrients) of the central stem, these shoots can grow and develop into a side branch. Biologically this is an important part of the construction of a plant, because it makes recovery after damage or loss of the main branch of the central plant possible. However, for many industrially grown plants, these shoots are an undesirable feature. If these shoots are not removed or controlled, they effectively deplete the nutrients of the central plant and impede their growth.
Removal of the shoots ensures that plants can put their nutrient sources into the growth of the main axis, allowing the plant to achieve commercially optimum yields, such as the leaves, seeds or products made therefrom. Runners are currently being controlled by manual or chemical removal. Manual removal involves the physical separation of the spur from the armpit of the blade, often performed by hand. This method is slow, tricky, labor-intensive and extremely ineffective. It must also be repeated regularly if the control of a field is to be maintained.
The chemical braking of spurs ensures less manual work and results in a more efficient use of agricultural equipment. The products currently available include applying chemicals directly to any unwanted spur. The strongest chemicals are effective in completely burning away the spur; however, it must also be applied with great care, since the chemicals cause serious damage if they are brought into direct contact with the central plant or its leaves. Some chemicals can still inhibit development if they are diluted, but the dosage and frequency are difficult to estimate, requiring a higher level of control. Other chemicals, such as maleic hydrazide, are known to produce adverse ecological effects, although effective, negatively affecting the quality and yield of the leaves or resulting products. In general, the available chemicals require thorough management and control techniques to provide sufficient control of the growth of shoots to achieve the desired growth and yields.
Accordingly, a need arises for an alternative chemical to effectively inhibit the undesired growth of buds in plants; preferably without or with a minimum of adverse effects on the plant, its leaves, the yield or the products made therefrom. Another purpose is to provide a composition with low or no phytotoxicity, which introduces no foreign residues or metabolic changes to the plant. In addition, there is a need for a method to improve the management of the plants treated with said composition.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention and embodiments thereof serve to provide a solution for one or more of the disadvantages mentioned above. For this purpose, the present invention relates to the use of pelargonic acid for inhibiting the growth of buds on plants.
In a first aspect, the present invention relates to the use of pelargonic acid to inhibit the growth of shoots on plants, said pelargonic acid being applied to a plant in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at least maximum 50.0 g / l.
In another aspect, the present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants for inhibiting the growth of buds on plants, said composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l; preferably from 1.5 to 35.0 g / l; more preferably from 2.5 to 25.0 g / l, from 3.0 to 20 g / l, from 13.6 to 20.4 g / l or from 17 to 27 g / l; most preferably from 3.5 to 15.0 g / l, said one or more non-ionic surfactants being selected from the list comprising ethoxylated alcohols (e.g. Empilan KI 6) and polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, such as octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (e.g. Slovasol 248) or pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (e.g. Marlipal 24/50); polypropylene glycol alkyl ethers (e.g. Witconol APM); glucoside alkyl ethers, such as decyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside, octyl glucoside, C8-C16 fatty alcohol glucoside (e.g. EcoSense ™ 300 surfactant) or C8-C14 fatty alcohol glucoside (cocoglucoside) (e.g. EcoSense ™ 919 surfactant); polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ethers or octyl phenol ethoxylates (9-10 EO) (e.g. Triton X-100); polyethylene glycol alkyl phenyl ethers such as nonoxynol-9 or nonyl phenol ethoxylates (10 EO) (e.g., Makon 10); glycerol alkyl esters, such as glyceryl laurate (e.g., Monomuls 90-L-12); polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters or polysorbates (e.g. Tween 85); sorbitan alkyl esters (e.g. Span 60); cocamide monoethanolamide (MEA) (e.g., Ninol CMP); cocamide diethonalamide (DEA) (e.g. Ninol 11-CM); dodecyldimethylamine oxide, such as Lauramine oxide (e.g. Ammonyx); block copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol (e.g. Pluronic PE 10500); polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA) (e.g., Ethome C12); ethopropoxylated alcohols (e.g., Agnique® KE 3551); ethoxylated tristyrylphenols (e.g., Soprophor® BSU); ethopropoxylated tristyrylphenols (e.g., Soprophor® 796 / P); ethoxylated tributyl phenols (e.g., Sapogenat® T 080) and / or ethoxylated vegetable oils (e.g., ethoxylated castor oils, such as Lucramul® CO 40).
In another aspect, the present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising pelargonic acid and two or more non-ionic surfactants for inhibiting the growth of buds on plants, said composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least a minimum of 0.5 g / l to a maximum of 50.0 g / l; preferably from 1.5 to 35.0 g / l; more preferably from 2.5 to 25.0 g / l, from 3.0 to 20 g / l, from 13.6 to 20.4 g / l or from 17 to 27 g / l; most preferably from 3.5 to 15.0 g / l, said one or more non-ionic surfactants being selected from the list comprising ethoxylated alcohols (e.g. Empilan KI 6) and polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, such as octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (e.g. Slovasol 248) or pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (e.g. Marlipal 24/50); polypropylene glycol alkyl ethers (e.g. Witconol APM); glucoside alkyl ethers, such as decyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside, octyl glucoside, C8-C16 fatty alcohol glucoside (e.g. EcoSense ™ 300 surfactant) or C8-C14 fatty alcohol glucoside (cocoglucoside) (e.g. EcoSense ™ 919 surfactant); polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ethers or octyl phenol ethoxylates (9-10 EO) (e.g. Triton X-100); polyethylene glycol alkyl phenyl ethers such as nonoxynol-9 or nonyl phenol ethoxylates (10 EO) (e.g., Makon 10); glycerol alkyl esters, such as glyceryl laurate (e.g., Monomuls 90-L-12); polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters or polysorbates (e.g. Tween 85); sorbitan alkyl esters (e.g. Span 60); cocamide monoethanolamide (MEA) (e.g., Ninol CMP); cocamide diethonalamide (DEA) (e.g. Ninol 11-CM); dodecyldimethylamine oxide, such as Lauramine oxide (e.g. Ammonyx); block copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol (e.g. Pluronic PE 10500); polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA) (e.g., Ethome C12); ethopropoxylated alcohols (e.g., Agnique® KE 3551); ethoxylated tristyrylphenols (e.g., Soprophor® BSU); ethopropoxylated tristyrylphenols (e.g., Soprophor® 796 / P); ethoxylated tributyl phenols (e.g., Sapogenat® T 080) and / or ethoxylated vegetable oils (e.g., ethoxylated castor oils, such as Lucramul® CO 40).
More particularly, provided with the uses as described in this application is in the fact that one or more non-ionic surfactants polyoxyethyleenglycolsorbitanalkylesters or sorbitanalkylesters, preferably selected from polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan mono-oleate , sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan trioleate and / or sorbitan isostearate.
More specifically, the applications as described in this application provide that said composition comprises at least two non-ionic surfactants, a first non-ionic surfactant being a polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl ester, preferably selected from polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, monopalmitate and / or polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, and wherein a second non-ionic surfactant is a sorbitan alkyl ester, preferably selected from sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan trioleate and / or sorbitanisearearate.
More specifically, the applications described in this application provide for use to inhibit the growth of shoots on a tobacco plant, chrysanthemum, carnation, and / or azalea.
In another aspect, the present invention relates to a composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount between 50 and 90 weight percent and one or more polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters or sorbitan alkyl esters in an amount between 10 and 50 weight percent, wherein 100 weight percent the total amount of pelargonic acid and one or more is non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate surfactant type.
In yet another aspect, the present invention relates to a composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount between 50 and 90% by weight and one or more non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate-type surfactants in an amount between 10 and 45% by weight, and wherein 100 weight percent is the total amount of pelargonic acid and the one or more non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate-type surfactants in the composition and further comprising one or more auxiliaries or inert substances. The amount of excipients or inert substances is preferably between 0 and 95% of the total weight percentage of all components of the composition.
More specifically, the composition as described in this application provides that said composition comprises at least two non-ionic surfactants, a first non-ionic surfactant being a polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl ester, preferably selected from polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate monopalmitate / or polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, and wherein a second non-ionic surfactant is a sorbitan alkyl ester, preferably selected from sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan trioleate and / or sorbitanisostearate.
More specifically, the composition as described in this application provides that said composition comprises at least two non-ionic surfactants, a first non-ionic surfactant being polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and a second non-ionic surfactant sorbitan monooleate is.
More specifically, the composition as described in this application provides that said composition consists of pelargonic acid and one or more polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters or sorbitan alkyl esters as non-ionic surfactants.
In another aspect, the present invention relates to a method for inhibiting the growth of shoots on plants, which comprises treating a plant with pelargonic acid or a composition comprising pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants, said pelargonic acid is present in an amount effective to inhibit the growth of one or more shoots on said plant, the plant preferably being selected from tobacco, chrysanthemum, carnation and / or azalea.
In yet another aspect, the present invention relates to a method for inhibiting the growth of shoots on plants, which comprises treating a plant with a composition comprising pelargonic acid and two or more non-ionic surfactants, wherein said pelargonic acid is present is in an amount effective to inhibit the growth of one or more shoots on said plant, said plant preferably being selected from tobacco, chrysanthemum, carnation and / or azalea.
More specifically, the method as described in this application provides that pelargonic acid or the composition comprising pelargonic acid is applied during the initial development phase of an undesired spur and wherein the pelargonic acid or the composition comprising pelargonic acid is reapplied with a specified time interval of 3 days to 10 days, preferably 4 to 8 days, most preferably 5 to 7 days, from the initial development phase of an unwanted spur and up to the phase in which the plant is fully developed.
More specifically, the method as described in this application provides that the method comprises applying pelargonic acid or the composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l 1; preferably from 1.5 to 35.0 g / l; more preferably from 2.5 to 25.0 g / l, from 3.0 to 20 g / l, from 13.6 to 20.4 g / l or from 3.5 to 17 g / l; most preferably from 3.5 to 15.0 g / l.
More specifically, the method as described in this application provides that said composition comprises pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants, preferably selected from polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters or sorbitan alkyl esters.
More specifically, the method as described in this application provides for spraying, sprinkling, showering, spraying, spreading, dripping, dispersing, spreading; and / or irrigating one or more plants with pelargonic acid or a composition comprising pelargonic acid.
In another aspect, the present invention relates to a system of surfactants comprising one or more non-ionic surfactants selected from polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters or sorbitan alkyl esters for controlling plant shoots.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The following numbers refer to: (100) plant; (110) field with plants; (150) spur developed spur; (160) inhibited spur; (200) pelargonic acid; (250) agricultural equipment. FIG. 1: shows a tobacco plant (100) of the Burley variety; wherein FIG. 1A shows a plant (100) without using an inhibitor of growth of shoots; and FIG. 1B shows a similar plant (100) after using pelargonic acid or a composition comprising pelargonic acid according to the invention for inhibiting the growth of shoots. These images are discussed in more detail in Example 1. FIG. 2A: shows a field of tobacco plants (110) being sprayed; FIG. 2B shows the flow of a composition comprising pelargonic acid according to the invention (200) while being sprayed onto a plant (100). These images are discussed in more detail in Example 2. FIG.3: shows a graph of the progression of phytotoxicity at different time points after treatment of the tobacco plant with different dilutions of pelargonic acid in BCP1004D and two commercial products. The concentration of pelargonic acid in the dilutions can be found in Table 2.
FIG. 4: shows images of leaves 3 days after treatment with three products in which the concentration of pelargonic acid is the same, namely 13.6 g / l. One of the products is BCP1004D, the other are commercially available products.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Before describing the present system and method of the invention, it should be understood that this invention is not limited to specific systems and methods or combinations described, since such systems and methods and combinations may, of course, vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used in this application is not intended to be limiting, since the scope of the present invention is limited solely by the appended claims.
As used in this application, the singular forms "the", "it", and "one" include both the singular and plural references, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The terms "comprising", "includes" and "composed of" are, as used in this application, synonymous with "including", "including" or "containing", "contains" and include or with an open end and do not exclude additional, unlisted members, parts or process steps It will be understood that the terms "comprising", "includes" and "composed of" as used herein include "consisting of" and "consists of" .
The indication of numerical ranges with end points includes all numbers and fractions that fall within the corresponding ranges, as well as the stated end points.
The term "approximately" or "approximate" is, as used in this application when reference is made to a measurable value such as a parameter, a quantity, a duration and the like, intended variations of +/- 10% or less, preferably + / -5% or less, more preferably +/- 1% or less and even more preferably +/- 0.1% or less of the specified value, to the extent that such variations are suitable for incorporating in the described invention. are carried out. It should be understood that the value to which the modifier "approximately" or "approximate" refers is also specific, and is preferably described.
Although the terms "one or more" or "at least one", such as one or more members or at least one member of a group of members are per se clear, the terms include, by way of further explanation, a reference to one of said members or to any two or more of said members, such as any> 3,> 4,> 5,> 6 or> 7 etc. of said members, and up to all said members. The “>” symbol means equal to or greater than, eg> 3 means three (3) or more.
All references cited in the present description are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. In particular, the doctrine is included in all references to which specific reference is made in this application.
Unless defined otherwise, all terms used in describing the invention, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. By way of further guidance, the definitions of the terms are included to better understand the teachings of the present invention.
In the following passages, various aspects of the invention are defined in more detail. Any aspect defined as such can be combined with any other aspect or with any other aspects, unless the contrary is clearly indicated. In particular, any random feature designated as preferred or advantageous may be combined with any other feature or with any other features that are indicated to be preferred or advantageous.
Reference throughout this description to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a specific feature, specific structure, or feature described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" at different places in this description do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, but it could. Furthermore, the specific features, structures or properties may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments, as would be apparent to one skilled in the art from this disclosure. While certain embodiments described in this application include some features included in other embodiments, but others do not, combinations of features of different embodiments are further intended to fall within the scope of the invention, and to form individual embodiments, as would be apparent. are for experts in the field. For example, in the appended claims, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.
In the present description of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form part of it, and in which specific embodiments are shown by way of explanation only, in which the invention can be put into practice. Reference numbers in parentheses or bolded reference numbers assigned to associated parts only illustrate the parts by way of example, which is not intended to limit the associated parts. It should be understood that other embodiments can be used and that structural or logical changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be construed as limiting, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Inhibition of the growth of shoots is necessary to obtain high yields of quality plants, such as tobacco, chrysanthemum, carnation, azalea, etc. Runners are sprouts or buds that form at the axis of the main stem of each plant variety. If these shoots are not removed or controlled, they expand and grow and effectively deplete the nutrients for the central plant and hinder its growth. By drying out shoots, e.g. by manual or chemical removal of an unwanted shoot, the central plant can use the available energy to grow to an optimum size, e.g. further up, wider leaves, etc., depending on the plant variety.
It is the object of the invention to provide an alternative to current chemicals or methods for controlling the growth of shoots. Preferably, the invention provides improved growth inhibition of shoots, or minimal inhibition to a comparable extent. In addition or alternatively, inhibition of the growth of shoots is obtained without or with a minimum of adverse effects (e.g. damage, residues of foreign substances, metabolic changes, etc.) on the plant, its leaves, the yield or the products made of it. As such, the invention or any aspect thereof may lead to an improvement in phytotoxicity, efficacy, safety, stability, control, cost and / or time efficiency as compared to prior art chemical agents or methods that inhibit the growth of shoots .
In a first aspect, the present invention relates to the use of pelargonic acid to inhibit the growth of shoots on plants, said pelargonic acid being applied to a plant in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at least maximum 50.0 g / l.
Preferably, pelargonic acid, when used as described in this application, is used in an amount in the range between 1.5 and 35.0 g / l; more preferably between 2.5 and 25.0 g / l, between 3.0 and 20.0 g / l, between 13.6 and 20.4 g / l or between 17 and 27 g / l; most preferably between 10 and 20 g / l or between 3.5 and 15.0 g / l.
It has been unexpectedly found that when pelargonic acid is applied to a slurry in a low concentration (i.e., equal to or less than 50.0 g / l), it effectively inhibits the growth and proliferation of said slurry. Pelargonic acid as used in this application may also be referred to as "nonanoic acid" or "1-octane carboxylic acid" and it refers to an organic compound consisting of a chain of nine carbon atoms ending in a carboxylic acid. Efficiency is discussed in more detail in Example 1. Pelargonic acid has several advantages associated with its use as an inhibitor of the growth of buds on plants. First, pelargonic acid appears to be very efficient. It has been found that the above concentrations effectively inhibit, disrupt and / or destroy the cells of the shoots by inducing a natural pressure upon uptake of pelargonic acid, which subsequently disrupts the permeability of the plant's cell membranes, leading to degradation of the unwanted plant cells from said spur. As such, control in a field with plants can be easily achieved by applying pelargonic acid to the plant in the above concentrations, with a minimum of repetition. By minimizing the steps and dosages required, the cost and / or time efficiency of the treatment for inhibiting the growth of runners can be further improved. In addition, pelargonic acid is not known to have adverse ecological or phytotoxic effects when used at the above concentrations; such as introducing residues from foreign substances or inducing metabolic changes in the central plant. Therefore, it can be used safely without significantly affecting the quality and yield of the plant, its leaves or the resulting products. In addition, the above concentrations appear to be non-toxic and non-hazardous, for example when sprayed on the central part of the plant or its leaves. Pelargonic acid is even exempt from data on residual substances and disappears from the soil in less than 2 days. Its controlled use, therefore, when applied, can improve both the safety of the user and that of the plant. Moreover, because of its safety, pelargonic acid can improve the method of application to plants. Pelargonic acid, for example, when sprayed into plants or plant leaves in a solution, flows along the stem or stalk of the plant to reach the spur, where it can effectively begin to inhibit the growth of the spurs. This improves user-friendliness, enabling more efficient use of available product and equipment, resulting in more efficient control of time and costs. Pelargonic acid is also a stable compound that can be easily concentrated, diluted and stored. This allows the production of a more concentrated pelargonic acid concentrate, which can then be easily diluted, for example with water, to obtain the above-mentioned concentration that is necessary for inhibiting the growth of shoots. The availability of a concentrated variant allows additional benefits with regard to ease of production, transportation and storage costs, thereby further improving the cost and / or time efficiency of the treatment for inhibiting the growth of runners. Finally, pelargonic acid can be easily combined with additional (chemical) components to control the efficiency of inhibiting the growth of buds, depending on the plant variety, method of administration, equipment, location, season, etc.
In certain embodiments of the invention, derivatives of pelargonic acid can also be used to achieve the same purpose. Examples of pelargonic acid derivatives are synthetic esters such as methyl pelargonate, ethyl pelargonate, and so on.
According to particular embodiments, the invention relates to the use of pelargonic acid and not to the esters or salt thereof.
In a second aspect, the present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants for inhibiting the growth of shoots on plants, said composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least a minimum of 0.5 g / l to a maximum of 50.0 g / l; preferably from 1.5 to 35.0 g / l; more preferably from 2.5 to 25.0 g / l, from 3.0 to 20 g / l, from 13.6 to 20.4 g / l or from 17 to 27 g / l; most preferably from 3.5 to 15.0 g / l.
Surfactants, also known as surfactants, are compounds that reduce the surface tension (or interfacial tension) between two liquids or between a liquid and a solid. Surfactants can act as cleaning agents, wetting agents, emulsifiers, foaming agents and dispersants. Many organic compounds show some properties of surfactants; however, non-ionic surfactants are used in particular for the purposes of the invention. Among these substances, the fatty alcohols occupy an important place, such as cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and cetostearyl alcohol (which mainly consists of cetyl and stearyl alcohols), and oleyl alcohol but also polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers such as octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether and pentaethodyl glycol monododyl ether monododyl glycolodod; polypropylene glycol alkyl ethers; glucoside alkyl ethers such as decyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside, octyl glucoside; polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ethers such as Triton X-100; polyethylene glycol alkyl phenyl ethers such as nonoxynol-9; glycerol alkyl esters such as glyceryl laurate; polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters such as polysorbate; sorbitan alkyl esters, such as spans; cocamide MEA or DEA; dodecyldimethylamine oxide; block copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, such as poloxamers; polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA); and the like, and even more specific non-ionic surfactants for use according to the invention are: ethoxylated alcohols (e.g. Empilan KI 6) and polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers such as octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (e.g. Slovasol 248) or pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (e.g.; Marlipal 24/50) polypropylene glycol alkyl ethers (e.g. Witconol APM); glucoside alkyl ethers, such as decyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside, octyl glucoside, C8-C16 fatty alcohol glucoside (e.g. EcoSense ™ 300 surfactant) or C8-C14 fatty alcohol glucoside (cocoglucoside) (e.g. EcoSense ™ 919 surfactant); polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ethers or octyl phenol ethoxylates (9-10 EO) (e.g. Triton X-100); polyethylene glycol alkyl phenyl ethers such as nonoxynol-9 or nonyl phenol ethoxylates (10 EO) (e.g., Makon 10); glycerol alkyl esters, such as glyceryl laurate (e.g., Monomuls 90-L-12); polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters or polysorbates (e.g. Tween 85); sorbitan alkyl esters (e.g. Span 60); cocamide monoethanolamide (MEA) (e.g., Ninol CMP); cocamide diethonalamide (DEA) (e.g. Ninol 11-CM); dodecyldimethylamine oxide, such as Lauramine oxide (e.g. Ammonyx); block copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol (e.g. Pluronic PE 10500); polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA) (e.g., Ethome C12); ethopropoxylated alcohols (e.g., Agnique® KE 3551); ethoxylated tristyrylphenols (e.g., Soprophor® BSU); ethopropoxylated tristyrylphenols (e.g., Soprophor® 796 / P); ethoxylated tributyl phenols (e.g., Sapogenat® T 080) and / or ethoxylated vegetable oils (e.g., ethoxylated castor oils, such as Lucramul® CO 40).
It has been unexpectedly observed that a composition comprising pelargonic acid and one or more listed non-ionic surfactants is particularly effective and suitable for use as a growth inhibitor of plant shoots. The non-ionic surfactants mentioned may further improve the safety, efficacy and efficiency of the composition. This composition is particularly useful when applied to plants as a dilution because it improves the solution in an aqueous solvent, such as water, without reducing the efficiency of the active ingredient to inhibit the growth of shoots in said plants .
In certain embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants as an inhibitor of the growth of buds on plants, said composition comprising one or more non-ionic surfactants in an amount in the range of at least 0, 01 g / l to a maximum of 50.0 g / l; preferably from 0.1 to 35.0 g / l; more preferably from 0.5 to 25.0 g / l, most preferably from 1.0 to 15.0 g / l.
In certain embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants as an inhibitor of the growth of buds in plants, said composition comprising (a) pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l 1 up to a maximum of 50.0 g / l; preferably from 1.5 to 35.0 g / l; more preferably from 2.5 to 25.0 g / l, 3.0 to 20 g / l or from 13.6 to 20.4 g / l; most preferably from 3.5 to 15.0 g / l; and (b) one or more non-ionic surfactants in an amount in the range of at least 0.01 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l; preferably from 0.1 to 35.0 g / l; more preferably from 0.5 to 25.0 g / l; most preferably from 1.0 to 15.0 g / l.
In certain preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants as an inhibitor of the growth of shoots on plants, said composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l; and one or more non-ionic surfactants in an amount in the range of at least 0.01 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l.
In certain other preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants as an inhibitor of the growth of buds on plants, said composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 1.5 g / l to at least maximum 35.0 g / l; and one or more non-ionic surfactants in an amount in the range of at least 0.1 g / l to at most 35.0 g / l.
In certain other preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants as an inhibitor of the growth of buds on plants, said composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 2.5 g / l to at least 2.5 g / l maximum 25.0 g / l; and one or more non-ionic surfactants in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at most 25.0 g / l.
In certain other preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants as an inhibitor of the growth of buds on plants, said composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 3.0 g / l to at least maximum 20.0 g / l; and one or more non-ionic surfactants in an amount in the range of at least 1 g / l to at most 6.5 g / l.
In certain other preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants as an inhibitor of the growth of buds on plants, said composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 13.6 g / l to at least maximum 20.4 g / l; and one or more non-ionic surfactants in an amount in the range of at least 4.4 g / l to at most 6.6 g / l.
In certain other preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants as an inhibitor of the growth of buds on plants, said composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 3.5 g / l to at least highest 17.0 g / l; and one or more non-ionic surfactants in an amount in the range of at least 1.1 g / l to at most 5.5 g / l.
In certain other preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants as an inhibitor of the growth of buds on plants, said composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 3.5 g / l to at least maximum 15.0 g / l; and one or more non-ionic surfactants in an amount in the range of at least 1.0 g / l to at most 15.0 g / l.
It has also been unexpectedly observed that the above embodiments, in particular the preferred embodiments, further improve the efficiency of use of the composition. In particular, a composition comprising pelargonic acid together with a non-ionic polysorbate-type surfactant and a non-ionic sorbitan-type surfactant at the above concentrations (g / l) has shown that optimum safety results are achieved and efficacy. In one embodiment, the non-ionic surfactants explained in this application are sorbitan-type molecules, such as sorbitan alkyl esters, also called sorbitan esters. The terms sorbitan alkyl esters and sorbitan esters are used interchangeably in this application and are referred to as sorbitan type. In other embodiments or in combination with the previous embodiment, the non-ionic surfactants explained in this application are of the polysorbate type, such as polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters, also called polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters. The terms polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters and polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters are used interchangeably in this application and are referred to as polysorbate type. The one or more sorbitan esters and / or polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters included in said composition are present in the above concentrations (g / l). Even more particularly, said composition at the above concentrations (g / l) can help to further improve the cost and / or time efficiency of the treatment for inhibiting the growth of runners by making particularly efficient use of the available product and the available equipment.
In certain embodiments, the use includes one or more non-ionic surfactants selected from the following list: ethoxylated alcohols (e.g., Empilan KI 6) and polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers such as octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (e.g., Slovasol 248) or pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (e.g., Marlip) 50 ; polypropylene glycol alkyl ethers (e.g. Witconol APM); glucoside alkyl ethers, such as decyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside, octyl glucoside, C8-C16 fatty alcohol glucoside (e.g. EcoSense ™ 300 surfactant) or C8-C14 fatty alcohol glucoside (cocoglucoside) (e.g. EcoSense ™ 919 surfactant); polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ethers or octyl phenol ethoxylates (9-10 EO) (e.g. Triton X-100); polyethylene glycol alkyl phenyl ethers such as nonoxynol-9 or nonyl phenol ethoxylates (10 EO) (e.g., Makon 10); glycerol alkyl esters, such as glyceryl laurate (e.g., Monomuls 90-L-12); polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters or polysorbates (e.g. Tween 85); sorbitan alkyl esters (e.g. Span 60); cocamide monoethanolamide (MEA) (e.g., Ninol CMP); cocamide diethonalamide (DEA) (e.g. Ninol 11-CM); dodecyldimethylamine oxide, such as Lauramine oxide (e.g. Ammonyx); block copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol (e.g. Pluronic PE 10500); polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA) (e.g., Ethome C12); ethopropoxylated alcohols (e.g., Agnique® KE 3551); ethoxylated tristyrylphenols (e.g., Soprophor® BSU); ethopropoxylated tristyrylphenols (e.g., Soprophor® 796 / P); ethoxylated tributyl phenols (e.g., Sapogenat® T 080) and / or ethoxylated vegetable oils (e.g., ethoxylated castor oils, such as Lucramul® CO 40). In other embodiments, the one or more non-ionic surfactants are selected from the following list: polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers such as octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether or pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether; polypropylene glycol alkyl ethers; glucoside alkyl ethers such as decyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside or octyl glucoside; polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ethers such as Triton X-100; polyethylene glycol alkyl phenyl ethers such as nonoxynol-9; glycerol alkyl esters such as glyceryl laurate; polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters; sorbitan alkyl esters; cocamide MEA; cocamide DEA; dodecyldimethylamine oxide; block copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol; and / or polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA).
In certain preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants that are polysorbate or sorbitan-type non-ionic surfactants; preferably selected from polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters (polysorbate type) and sorbitan alkyl esters (sorbitan type); more preferably selected from polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan mono-oleate, sorbitan sorbitan sorbitan sorbitol sorbitan sorbitan sorbitan even more preferably selected from polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan trioleate and sorbitan trioleate.
The inventors have unexpectedly found that said non-ionic surfactants together with pelargonic acid create a particularly stable and efficient composition that is very suitable for inhibiting the growth of buds on plants. Moreover, the listed non-ionic surfactants are not known to have adverse ecological, toxic, phytotoxic and / or dangerous effects when applied to plants. Therefore, this composition can be used safely without significantly affecting the quality and yield of the plants, their leaves or the resulting products, nor endangering the safety and health of the user or agricultural equipment.
It has been unexpectedly found that non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate surfactants together with pelargonic acid can create an even more stable and efficient composition. Moreover, said non-ionic surfactants are particularly safe, reliable and cost-efficient, making it preferable to combine them to inhibit the growth of buds on plants.
Therefore, the composition used in certain other preferred embodiments comprises pelargonic acid and at least two non-ionic surfactants, a first non-ionic surfactant being a polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl ester, preferably selected from polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopoxy sorbitan monopoxy sorbitan monopoxy monomer polypropylene monoxide a second non-ionic surfactant is a sorbitan alkyl ester, preferably selected from sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan trioleate and / or sorbitan isostearate.
In the embodiments wherein the composition comprises polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters, the number of ethylene oxide units may be in the range between 1 and 20, preferably between 4 and 10, or between 10 and 20, most preferably between 5 and 16, between 8 and 20 or between 17 and 20, or most preferably between 12 and 20. The number of ethylene oxide units in the polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester-based surfactant in any of the compositions of the invention may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20.
In more preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid and at least two non-ionic surfactants, a first non-ionic surfactant being sorbitan monolaurate and a second non-ionic surfactant being ethoxylated sorbitan monooleate.
In other preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid and at least three non-ionic surfactants selected from the list of non-ionic polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters and sorbitan esters mentioned above.
In certain embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l; and two non-ionic surfactants, wherein a first non-ionic surfactant is sorbitan monolaurate in an amount in the range of at least 0.01 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l and a second non-ionic surfactant ethoxylated sorbitan monooleate is in an amount in the range of at least 0.01 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l.
In more preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid and at least two non-ionic surfactants, a first non-ionic surfactant being sorbitan monolaurate and a second non-ionic surfactant being ethoxylated sorbitan trioleate.
In certain embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l; and at least two non-ionic surfactants, wherein a first non-ionic surfactant is sorbitan monolaurate in an amount ranging from at least 0.01 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l and a second non-ionic surfactant ethoxylated sorbitan trioleate is in an amount in the range of at least 0.01 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l.
In more preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid and at least two non-ionic surfactants, a first non-ionic surfactant being sorbitan monostearate and a second non-ionic surfactant being ethoxylated sorbitan monolaurate.
In more preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l; and at least two non-ionic surfactants, a first non-ionic surfactant being sorbitan monostearate in an amount in the range of at least 0.01 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l and a second non-ionic surfactant ethoxylated sorbitan monolaurate is in an amount in the range of at least 0.01 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l.
In more preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid and at least two non-ionic surfactants, a first non-ionic surfactant being sorbitan squioleate and a second non-ionic surfactant being ethoxylated sorbitan monolaurate.
In more preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid and at least two non-ionic surfactants, a first non-ionic surfactant being sorbitan monooleate and a second non-ionic surfactant being ethoxylated sorbitan monooleate.
In certain embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l; and at least two non-ionic surfactants, a first non-ionic surfactant being sorbitan monooleate in an amount in the range of at least 0.01 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l and a second non-ionic surfactant ionic surfactant is ethoxylated sorbitan monooleate in an amount in the range of at least 0.01 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l.
In certain preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 1.5 g / l to at most 35.0 g / l; and at least two non-ionic surfactants, a first non-ionic surfactant being sorbitan monooleate in an amount in the range of at least 0.1 g / l to at most 35.0 g / l and a second non-ionic surfactant ionic surfactant is ethoxylated sorbitan monooleate in an amount in the range of at least 0.1 g / l to at most 35.0 g / l.
In certain preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 2.5 g / l to at most 25.0 g / l; and at least two non-ionic surfactants, a first non-ionic surfactant being sorbitan monooleate in an amount ranging from at least 0.5 g / l to at most 25.0 g / l and a second non-ionic surfactant ionic surfactant is ethoxylated sorbitan monooleate in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at most 25.0 g / l.
In certain preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 3.5 g / l to at most 15.0 g / l; and at least two non-ionic surfactants, a first non-ionic surfactant being sorbitan monooleate in an amount in the range of at least 0.1 g / l to at most 15.0 g / l and a second non-ionic surfactant ionic surfactant is ethoxylated sorbitan monooleate in an amount in the range of at least 1.0 g / l to at most 15.0 g / l.
In certain preferred embodiments, the composition used comprises pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 13.6 g / l to at most 20.4 g / l; and at least two non-ionic surfactants, a first non-ionic surfactant being sorbitan monooleate in an amount in the range of at least 0.1 g / l to at most 0.3 g / l and a second non-ionic surfactant ionic surfactant is ethoxylated sorbitan monooleate in an amount in the range of at least 4.0 g / l to at most 7.0 g / l.
It has also been unexpectedly observed that the above concentrations, particularly for the preferred embodiments, permit a highly efficient composition that can be used to inhibit the growth of shoots. Moreover, said composition at the above concentrations (g / l) is particularly safe and user-friendly, whereby the reliability of the composition is further improved, for example during application to plants.
In certain embodiments, pelargonic acid or a composition comprising pelargonic acid is used to inhibit the growth of shoots on plants from the following list: tobacco, chrysanthemum, carnation and / or azalea.
In certain preferred embodiments, pelargonic acid or a composition comprising pelargonic acid is used to inhibit the growth of shoots on a tobacco plant variety selected from the following list: Aromatic Fire-cured, Latakia, Brightleaf or Virginia, Burley, Cavendish, Corojo, Criollo, Dokha, Ecuadorian Sumatra, Habano, Maduro, Oriental, Perique, Shade, Thuoc lao, Type 22, White Burley, and / or wild tobacco.
Pelargonic acid or a composition comprising pelargonic acid has been found to be particularly effective at inhibiting the growth of shoots on said plants.
Moreover, the inhibition of the growth of shoots is even more efficient on tobacco plants, as experimentally confirmed in Example 3.
In a third aspect, the present invention relates to a composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount between 50 and 90% by weight and one or more non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate-type surfactants in an amount between 10 and 50% by weight, 100% by weight the total amount of pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants is of the sorbitan or polysorbate type.
In certain embodiments, the composition comprises pelargonic acid in an amount between 55 and 90 weight percent and one or more non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate-type surfactants in an amount between 10 and 45 weight percent, with 100 weight percent the total amount of pelargonic acid and one or more is non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate surfactant type.
In certain embodiments, the composition comprises pelargonic acid in an amount between 60 and 90 weight percent and one or more non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate-type surfactants in an amount between 10 and 40 weight percent, with 100 weight percent the total amount of pelargonic acid and one or more is non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate surfactant type.
In certain preferred embodiments, the composition comprises pelargonic acid in an amount between 65 and 85 weight percent and one or more non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate type surfactants in an amount between 15 and 35 weight percent, 100 weight percent the total amount of pelargonic acid and one or more is non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate surfactant type.
In certain preferred embodiments, the composition comprises pelargonic acid in an amount between 70 and 85 weight percent and one or more non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate type surfactants in an amount between 15 and 30 weight percent, with 100 weight percent the total amount of pelargonic acid and one or more is non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate surfactant type.
In certain preferred embodiments, the composition comprises pelargonic acid in an amount between 70 and 80 weight percent and one or more non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate-type surfactants in an amount between 20 and 30 weight percent, with 100 weight percent the total amount of pelargonic acid and one or more is non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate surfactant type.
In another aspect, the present invention relates to a composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount between 50 and 90 weight percent and one or more non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate-type surfactants in an amount between 10 and 45 weight percent, and wherein 100 weight percent is the total amount of pelargonic acid and the one or more non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate-type surfactants in the composition, and further comprising one or more excipients or inert substances. The amount of excipients or inert substances is preferably between 0 and 95% of the total weight percentage of all components of the composition.
A list of examples of excipients or inert substances includes, but is not limited to, organic solvents, antifreeze agents, thickeners, buffering agents, antifoaming agents, antioxidants, preservatives, and colorants. Such auxiliaries and inert substances are known in the art and are commercially available.
It has also unexpectedly been found that the described weight ratio (weight percent) of pelargonic acid to that of the one or more listed nonionic surfactants is particularly effective in obtaining optimum dissolution rates, safety, without the efficiency or efficacy of the active ingredient for inhibiting the growth of shoots on said plants. In particular, the preferred embodiments can further improve the efficiency of the composition. Moreover, the optimum concentrations can help to further improve the cost and / or time efficiency of the treatment for inhibiting the growth of runners by making particularly efficient use of the available product and equipment.
This composition is particularly efficient when produced as a concentrated version suitable for dilution as a dilution on plants, because the non-ionic surfactants improve the solution in an aqueous solvent, such as water, without the efficiency of reduce the active ingredient to inhibit the growth of shoots on said plants. For example, a composition with a higher concentration of pelargonic acid (e.g.> 50 g / l, comprising between 50 and 90 weight percent) and an adjusted concentration of a said non-ionic surfactant (e.g. comprising between 10 and 50 weight percent) can be produced , and then be diluted with an aqueous solvent to the concentration that is effective to inhibit the growth of shoots on plants (e.g., in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l pelargonic acid ). In an exemplary embodiment, a composition is produced comprising 680 g / l pelargonic acid (i.e. ~ 75 weight percent) and 265 g / l of one or more non-ionic surfactants (i.e. ~ 25 weight percent); said composition can then be diluted 50 times with water (ie a 2% concentration) to obtain a composition suitable to inhibit the growth of buds on plants, comprising 13.6 g / l pelargonic acid (ie ~ 75% by weight) , 4.4, g / l of one or more non-ionic surfactants (ie ~ 25% by weight).
In certain embodiments, the composition comprises pelargonic acid and at least two non-ionic surfactants, wherein a first non-ionic surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant of the polysorbate type, preferably a polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl ester selected from polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono mono monoate monate mono-mono-monoateate mono-mono-mono-monoateate and / or polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, and wherein a second non-ionic surfactant is a non-ionic sorbitan-type surfactant, preferably a sorbitan alkyl ester selected from sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan mono-oilate, sorbitan sorbitan sorbitan sorbitan sorbitan sorbitan sorbitan sorbitan sorbitan sorbitan sorbitan sorbitan sorbitan.
In certain embodiments, the composition comprises one or more non-ionic surfactants selected from the following list: ethoxylated alcohols (e.g. Empilan KI 6) and polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, such as octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (e.g. Slovasol 248) or pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (e.g. Marlip) 50 ; polypropylene glycol alkyl ethers (e.g. Witconol APM); glucoside alkyl ethers, such as decyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside, octyl glucoside, C8-C16 fatty alcohol glucoside (e.g. EcoSense ™ 300 surfactant) or C8-C14 fatty alcohol glucoside (cocoglucoside) (e.g. EcoSense ™ 919 surfactant); polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ethers or octyl phenol ethoxylates (9-10 EO) (e.g. Triton X-100); polyethylene glycol alkyl phenyl ethers such as nonoxynol-9 or nonyl phenol ethoxylates (10 EO) (e.g., Makon 10); glycerol alkyl esters, such as glyceryl laurate (e.g., Monomuls 90-L-12); polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters or polysorbates (e.g. Tween 85); sorbitan alkyl esters (e.g. Span 60); cocamide monoethanolamide (MEA) (e.g., Ninol CMP); cocamide diethonalamide (DEA) (e.g. Ninol 11-CM); dodecyldimethylamine oxide, such as Lauramine oxide (e.g. Ammonyx); block copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol (e.g. Pluronic PE 10500); polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA) (e.g., Ethome C12); ethopropoxylated alcohols (e.g., Agnique® KE 3551); ethoxylated tristyrylphenols (e.g., Soprophor® BSU); ethopropoxylated tristyrylphenols (e.g., Soprophor® 796 / P); ethoxylated tributyl phenols (e.g., Sapogenat® T 080) and / or ethoxylated vegetable oils (e.g., ethoxylated castor oils, such as Lucramul® CO 40). In other embodiments, the one or more non-ionic surfactants are selected from the following list: polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, such as octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether or pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether; polypropylene glycol alkyl ethers; glucoside alkyl ethers such as decyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside or octyl glucoside; polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ethers such as Triton X-100; polyethylene glycol alkyl phenyl ethers such as nonoxynol-9; glycerol alkyl esters such as glyceryl laurate; polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters; sorbitan alkyl esters; cocamide MEA; cocamide DEA; dodecyldimethylamine oxide; block copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol; and / or polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA).
In certain preferred embodiments, the composition comprises pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate-type surfactants. In certain other preferred embodiments, the composition comprises pelargonic acid and one or more polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters or sorbitan alkyl esters. In certain other preferred embodiments, the composition comprises pelargonic acid and at least two non-ionic surfactants, wherein a first non-ionic surfactant is polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and a second non-ionic surfactant is sorbitan monooleate.
In certain preferred embodiments, the composition consists of pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate-type surfactants. In certain other preferred embodiments, the composition consists of pelargonic acid and one or more polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters or sorbitan alkyl esters. In certain other preferred embodiments, the composition consists of pelargonic acid and two non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate-type surfactants. In certain other preferred embodiments, the composition comprises pelargonic acid and two or more polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters or sorbitan alkyl esters. In certain preferred embodiments, the composition consists of pelargonic acid and two non-ionic surfactants, a first non-ionic surfactant being polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and a second non-ionic surfactant being sorbitan monooleate.
The inventors have unexpectedly observed that a composition comprising pelargonic acid and one or more listed non-ionic surfactants is particularly effective and suitable for use as an inhibitor of the growth of plant shoots.
The non-ionic surfactants mentioned may further improve the safety, efficacy and efficiency of the composition. This composition is particularly useful when it is produced in a concentrated form to be applied to plants as a dilution because it improves the solution in an aqueous solvent such as water without the efficiency of the active ingredient that inhibits the growth of inhibits shoots in said plants. In particular, the preferred embodiments mentioned may further improve the efficiency of the composition.
To achieve inhibition of shoots, the composition can be applied to shoots on the mature plant in the form of solutions, emulsions, powder formulations, pastes and the like. If the form is water-soluble, it can easily be dissolved therein in an amount sufficient to provide the desired concentration. In the case of aqueous active ingredient solutions, an amount of a wetting agent can be added primarily to improve the coverage and flow properties of the liquid. If the form is not water-soluble, a liquid emulsion can be prepared by dispersing the composition in water containing a small amount of a non-phytotoxic solvent, such as acetone, and adding an emulsifier thereto.
In particular, the pelargonic acid and the one or more non-ionic surfactants can be formulated in the form of an emulsifiable concentrate (EC). The combination may also be prepared in other forms, such as in the form of a concentrated oil-in-water emulsion (EW) and an oil-in-water microemulsion (ME), and may further comprise one or more auxiliaries or inert substances, as mentioned above.
In certain embodiments, the composition comprises an agriculture acceptable dosage form; comprising pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l.
In certain embodiments, the composition comprises a concentrated dosage form; preferably configured for application by dilution. An exemplary embodiment can be a highly concentrated composition comprising 500.0 g / l pelargonic acid, which can be diluted in an aqueous medium to obtain a solution suitable for inhibiting the growth of buds on plants so that it can contain any concentration of 0.5 (ie, a concentration of 0.1%) to 50.0 g / l (ie, a concentration of 10%) pelargonic acid.
In certain embodiments, the composition comprises an agriculture-acceptable solid dosage form; preferably configured to be used as granules or a dispersion in water (e.g., a wettable powder or water-dispersible granules). These solid dosage forms can then be dissolved, pulverized, etc. to obtain an agriculture-acceptable dosage form suitable for inhibiting the growth of buds on plants.
There are many forms of equipment and methods for agriculture. The person skilled in the art will understand that the composition according to one of the embodiments of the present invention can be further adjusted or adjusted to be better suited to specific agricultural equipment and / or methods without affecting the efficacy or safety of the composition. In certain cases, even a synergistic effect can be obtained, thereby further increasing the efficiency of the composition.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention relates to a method for inhibiting the growth of shoots on plants, which comprises treating a plant with pelargonic acid or a composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount effective to control the growth of one or more inhibit more shoots on said plant.
In certain embodiments, the method comprises applying pelargonic acid or a composition comprising pelargonic acid to inhibit the growth of shoots on plants from the following list: tobacco, chrysanthemum, carnation and / or azalea.
In certain preferred embodiments, the method comprises applying pelargonic acid or a composition comprising pelargonic acid to inhibit the growth of shoots on a tobacco plant variety from the following list: Aromatic Fire-cured, Latakia, Brightleaf or Virginia, Burley, Cavendish, Corojo, Criollo , Dokha, Ecuadorian Sumatra, Habano, Maduro, Oriental, Perique, Shade, Thuoc lao, Type 22, White Burley, and / or wild tobacco.
The inventors have found that the method of applying pelargonic acid or a composition comprising pelargonic acid is particularly effective for inhibiting the growth of shoots on said plants. Moreover, the method is even more efficient on tobacco plants, as experimentally confirmed in Example 3.
In certain embodiments, the method comprises applying pelargonic acid or the composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l; preferably from 1.5 to 35.0 g / l; more preferably from 2.5 to 25.0 g / l, from 3.0 to 20 g / l, from 13.6 to 20.4 g / l or from 17 to 27 g / l; most preferably from 3.5 to 15.0 g / l. In preferred embodiments, said plant is selected from tobacco, chrysanthemum, carnation and / or azalea.
In certain embodiments, the method comprises applying the composition comprising pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants to inhibit the growth of shoots on plants, said composition comprising one or more non-ionic, preferably two or more, surfactant substances in an amount in the range of at least 0.01 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l; preferably from 0.1 to 35.0 g / l or from 0.16 to 16 g / l; more preferably from 0.5 to 25.0 g / l, from 0.8 to 8 g / l, from 1 to 6.5 g / l; most preferably from 4.4 to 6.6 g / l, from 3.2 to 6.5 g / l or from 1.0 to 15.0 g / l. In preferred embodiments, said plant is selected from tobacco, chrysanthemum, carnation and / or azalea.
In certain embodiments, the method comprises applying the composition comprising pelargonic acid and one or more, preferably two or more non-ionic surfactants for inhibiting the growth of shoots on plants, said composition comprising (a) pelargonic acid in a amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l; preferably from 1.5 to 35.0 g / l; more preferably from 2.5 to 25.0 g / l, most preferably from 3.5 to 15.0 g / l; and (b) one or more non-ionic surfactants in an amount in the range of at least 0.01 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l; preferably from 0.1 to 35.0 g / l; more preferably from 0.5 to 25.0 g / l; most preferably from 1.0 to 15.0 g / l.
In certain other embodiments, the method comprises applying the composition comprising pelargonic acid and one or more, preferably two or more non-ionic surfactants for inhibiting the growth of shoots on plants, said composition comprising (a) pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l; preferably from 1.5 to 35.0 g / l; more preferably from 2.5 to 25.0 g / l, from 3.0 to 20 g / l or from 13.6 to 20.4 g / l or from 17 g / l to 27 g / l, with the most preferably from 10 g / l to 20 g / l or from 3.5 to 15.0 g / l; and (b) one or more non-ionic surfactants in an amount in the range of at least 0.16 g / l to at most 16 g / l; preferably from 0.5 to 11.3 g / l; more preferably from 0.8 to 8.0 g / l, from 1 to 6.5 g / l or from 4.4 to 6.6 g / l; more preferably from 0.8 to 8.0 g / l, from 1 to 6.5 g / l, from 4.4 to 6.6 g / l or from 5.5 to 8.7 g / l; most preferably from 3.2 to 6.5 g / l or from 1.1 to 4.8 g / l.
The process is not known to cause adverse ecological or phytotoxic effects when used at the above concentrations, more particularly when used with a composition comprising the non-ionic surfactants between 4.4 and 6.6 g / l and pelargonic acid in a concentration between 13.6 and 20.4 g / l, such as introducing residues from foreign substances or inducing metabolic changes in the central plant. Therefore, it can be used safely without significantly affecting the quality and yield of the plant, its leaves or the resulting products. In addition, the method appears to be non-toxic and non-hazardous, for example when spraying on the central part of the plant or its leaves.
The inventors have also unexpectedly observed that the above embodiments further improve the efficiency of use of the composition. In particular, the method of using pelargonic acid or the composition in the above concentrations (g / l) has shown that optimum results are obtained in the field of safety and efficacy. More specifically, said composition at the above concentrations (g / l) can help to further improve the cost and / or time efficiency of the process for inhibiting the growth of runners by making particularly efficient use of the available product and the available equipment.
In certain embodiments, the method comprises using pelargonic acid or the composition according to an embodiment of the present invention during the initial development phase of an unwanted spur.
In certain embodiments, the method comprises the initial application of pelargonic acid or the composition according to an embodiment of the present invention during the initial development phase of an undesired spur, and wherein the pelargonic acid or the composition comprising pelargonic acid is reapplied with a specified time interval of 3 days up to 10 days, preferably 4 to 8 days, most preferably 5 to 7 days, from the initial development phase of an unwanted spur and up to the full development phase until the plant blooms.
Although pelargonic acid can already inhibit the growth of shoots during the initial development phase of the plant, additional shoots grow on certain plant varieties that require re-application of pelargonic acid at a later stage. To achieve a high rate (i.e.,> 90%) of controlling the growth of shoots in a field, the reapplication probably has to be repeated regularly. The exact frequency and interval of course depend on the plant variety and the concentration of the pelargonic acid. In an exemplary embodiment, a field with plants can be treated up to four times with 450 l / ha comprising 7.0 g / l pelargonic acid with a 7-day interval between treatments to provide greater overall inhibition of foothill growth. In another exemplary embodiment, a field with plants, such as a field with tobacco plants, can be treated up to four times with 500 l / ha comprising between 13.6 and 20.4 g / l pelargonic acid with an interval of 7 days between treatments to provide a greater inhibition of the growth of shoots.
In certain embodiments, the method comprises using the composition comprising pelargonic acid and one or more non-ionic surfactants, preferably selected from non-ionic sorbitan or polysorbate-type surfactants.
In certain embodiments, the method comprises spraying, sprinkling, showering, spraying, dripping, splashing, dispersing, spreading and / or irrigating one or more plants with pelargonic acid or a composition comprising pelargonic acid.
When pelargonic acid is sprayed in a solution or as drops onto a plant or leaves of a plant, it flows along the plant's stem or stem to reach the spur, where it can effectively begin to inhibit the growth of the spur. This improves user-friendliness, enabling more efficient use of available product and equipment, resulting in more efficient control of time and costs. The method is discussed in more detail in Example 2.
In certain embodiments, the method comprises applying pelargonic acid or the composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount ranging from at least 300 to at most 800 l / ha of land; preferably 400 to 700 l / ha of land; more preferably 450 to 600 l / ha of land, most preferably 500 to 550 l / ha of land.
The inventors have also unexpectedly observed that in the above embodiments, a particularly efficient use of pelargonic acid or the composition is obtained. In particular, the method of using pelargonic acid or the composition in the above amounts (1 / ha) has shown that optimum results are obtained in the field of safety and efficacy. More specifically, if the pelargonic acid can be easily applied in said amounts (1 / h) to plants in the form of drops in a solution, the cost and / or time efficiency of the treatment for inhibiting the growth of shoots would be further can be improved by using the available product and agricultural equipment in a particularly efficient way.
In a fifth aspect, the present invention relates to the use of a system of surfactants comprising one or more non-ionic surfactants selected from polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters or sorbitan alkyl esters to control plant shoots. A list of such non-ionic surfactants was provided earlier in this application. Preferably, the surfactant system comprises at least one polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl ester and at least one sorbitan alkyl ester.
EXAMPLES
Example 1: use of pelaric acid to inhibit the growth of buds on plants
For a better explanation, reference is made to FIG. 1A and 1B showing a tobacco plant (100) of the Burley variety.
In FIG. 1A in particular, a plant (100) is shown without the use of a growth growth inhibitor, which acts as a reference value. It can be seen that with a full development to bloom (i.e. ~ 3 to 4 months) shoots (150) began to develop and grow into additional stems.
FIG. 1B shows a similar plant (100) after using pelargonic acid or a composition comprising pelargonic acid to inhibit the growth of shoots, said pelargonic acid being applied to a plant in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l up to a maximum of 50.0 g / l. It can be seen that the growth of shoots (160) was completely inhibited, thus preventing further development or growth.
Example 2: Method of using pelaraic acid to inhibit the growth of shoots on plants
For a better explanation, reference is made to FIG. 2A and 2B, showing a field of tobacco plants (110) of the Burley variety that is sprayed with pelargonic acid or a composition comprising pelargonic acid.
FIG. 2A shows agricultural equipment (250) configured to spray a field of tobacco plants (110) with pelargonic acid or a composition comprising pelargonic acid.
FIG. 2B shows how the pelargonic acid (200), when sprayed in a solution on a plant (100) or its leaves, flows along the plant's stem or stem to reach a spur, where it can effectively begin inhibiting the growth of the spur. Since pelargonic acid is not known to cause adverse ecological or phytotoxic effects when used at concentrations in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l, it can be safely applied to the plants. sprayed without significantly affecting the quality and yield of the plant, its leaves or the resulting products.
Example 3: Experimental data from tobacco plants
In an experimental embodiment, tobacco plants of the Burley and Virginia varieties were treated with a volume (V) of 450-460 l / ha of a composition comprising pelargonic acid (PA) in different concentrations (e.g. 3.4 g / l, 5.1 g / l and 6.8 g / l) with a 7-day interval between treatments. The exact experimental data can be found in Table 1. The treatment yielded a high inhibition of growth of shoots (i.e.> 90% inhibition of shoots) for all plants, no phytotoxicity or adverse ecological effects were observed.
Table 1: treatment of tobacco plants with pelaric acid (PA)
Antak ® is an agent for controlling shoots on tobacco plants that was used to obtain comparison results.
Example 4: Veraeliikinq research on tobacco plants
In a field test in southern France, tobacco plants of the Burley variety were planted in an experimental field and treated with the composition of the invention (BCP1004D) in different dilutions (and therefore different concentrations). In addition, two other commercially available products containing pelargonic acid were tested. For each treatment, the volume that was sprayed was 500 l / ha.
The composition of undiluted BCP1004 contained approximately 75.7 weight percent pelargonic acid (minimum purity 95%), approximately 23.5 weight percent polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester and approximately 0.85% sorbitan ester.
Different dilutions of BCP1004D corresponding to different concentrations of PA (g / l) were tested for control of shoots and for their phytotoxic effect on the rest of the plant.
The two commercially available products were used in a dilution corresponding to 13.6 g / l PA, i.e. Scythe in a concentration of 2.39% and Finalsan Total Vegetation Killer in a concentration of 6.8%.
The plants were treated and then visually inspected for control of shoots 6 and 13 days after spraying.
In Table 2, the burn-out of shoots is shown for different concentrations of BCP1004D, 6 days after treatment. TABLE 2
In addition to the efficacy, the selective burning of buds while the other leaves of the plant remain unaffected by commercial importance. FIG. 3 shows the phytotoxicity on plant leaves treated with BCP1004D or with commercially available products. The phytotoxicity was assessed at two time points, on day 6 and on day 13 after treatment. The scale of the EWRS score is between 1 and 5 as follows: 1: no discoloration or distortion of leaves; between 1 and 1.9: slight discoloration and distortion of leaves; from 1.9: at least 30% of the leaves show discoloration and distortion and this has a commercial effect on the production of the goods. FIG. 4 shows photos of the leaves of tobacco plants treated with commercially available products and BCP1004D in a dilution containing the same concentration of pelargonic acid (i.e., 13.6 g / l). The photos were taken three days after the treatment. FIG. 4 shows the fight against shoots in the photos on the right. FIG. 4 shows the burning effect on the leaves in the photos on the left. Leaves damaged in the way obtained with Scythe and Finalsan Total Vegetation Killer cannot be used for the production of goods.
These results show that at the same concentration, BCP1004D selectively kills the shoots without affecting the leaves, while the other two tested and commercially available products have a significant effect on the yield and quality of the leaves.

权利要求:
Claims (16)
[1]
CONCLUSIONS (retyped)
Use of a composition comprising pelargonic acid and two or more non-ionic surfactants for inhibiting the growth of buds on plants, said composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l up to 50.0 g / l, wherein said two or more non-ionic surfactants are selected from polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters and sorbitan alkyl esters.
[2]
Use according to claim 1, wherein a first non-ionic surfactant is a polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl ester, and wherein a second non-ionic surfactant is a sorbitan alkyl ester.
[3]
Use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl ester is selected from polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate.
[4]
Use according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sorbitan alkyl ester is selected from sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan trioleate, and sorbitan isostearate.
[5]
Use according to any of claims 1 to 4, for inhibiting the growth of shoots on a tobacco plant, chrysanthemum, carnation and / or azalea.
[6]
A composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount between 50 and 90 weight percent and two or more non-ionic surfactants in an amount between 10 and 50 weight percent, wherein 100 weight percent the total amount of pelargonic acid and two or more non-ionic surfactant is substances, said two or more non-ionic surfactants being selected from polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters and sorbitan alkyl esters.
[7]
The composition of claim 6, wherein a first non-ionic surfactant is a polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl ester, and wherein a second non-ionic surfactant is a sorbitan alkyl ester.
[8]
A composition according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl ester is selected from polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate.
[9]
The composition of any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the sorbitan alkyl ester is selected from sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan trioleate, and sorbitan isostearate.
[10]
The composition of any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein a first non-ionic surfactant is polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and wherein a second non-ionic surfactant is sorbitan monooleate.
[11]
A method for inhibiting the growth of shoots on plants, comprising treating a plant with a composition comprising pelargonic acid and two or more non-ionic surfactants, said pelargonic acid being present in an amount effective to inhibit the growth of one or more shoots on said plant, said two or more non-ionic surfactants being selected from polyoxyethylene glycolsorbitan alkyl esters and sorbitan alkyl esters.
[12]
The method of claim 11, wherein said plant is selected from tobacco, chrysanthemum, carnation and / or azalea.
[13]
A method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the composition is applied during the initial development phase of an unwanted spur and wherein the composition is reapplied at a specified time interval of 3 days to 10 days, 4 to 8 days, or 5 to 7 days , from the initial development phase of an unwanted spur and to the phase in which the plant is fully developed.
[14]
The method of any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the method comprises applying the composition comprising pelargonic acid in an amount in the range of at least 0.5 g / l to at most 50.0 g / l.
[15]
A method according to any of claims 11 to 14, wherein the method comprises spraying, sprinkling, showering, spraying, spreading, dripping, splashing, dispersing, spreading and / or irrigating one or more plants with the composition.
[16]
Use of a system of surfactants comprising two or more non-ionic surfactants selected from polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters and sorbitan alkyl esters to control plant shoots.

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法律状态:
2018-04-09| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20180403 |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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EP16184747.0|2016-08-18|

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EP16184747|2016-08-18|

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