• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A method for operating a harvesting machine (1), in particular a forage harvester, wherein the harvesting machine (1) comprises an attachment (2), in particular a maize header, and a processing device (11), in particular a chopping unit (12) with an upstream intake unit (13) , wherein the attachment (2) is used to separate the harvested crop and to convey the separated crop in the direction of the processing device (11), and the processing device (11) is used to further process the separated crop. The load on the processing device (11) is determined, and if the load on the processing device (11) is or becomes greater than a first limit value, a control-side signal to reduce the load on the attachment (2) and thus also on the processing device ( 11) is generated.
    公开号:BE1023277B1
    申请号:E2015/5811
    申请日:2015-12-10
    公开日:2017-01-19
    发明作者:Mathias Schmitt
    申请人:Claas Saulgau Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Method and control device for operating a harvester
    The invention relates to a method for operating a harvesting machine according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a control device for carrying out the method.
    In the case of harvesting machines, a distinction is fundamentally made between those harvesters in which the crop is threshed, and between harvesters in which the crop is chopped. Then, when harvested crops such as wheat, barley or oats or harvested crop rape, harvesters are typically used, which are designed as combine harvester. Then, on the other hand, when corn is to be harvested or sorghum is harvested as crop, forage harvesters are typically used as harvesters. A trained as a combine harvester, in which a crop to be harvested is threshed, has a header with several Mähorganen that cut off the crop under execution of a scissors-like separating cut. On the other hand, a harvester designed as a forage harvester has an attachment designed as a maize header with a plurality of circumferentially driven cutting elements for separating the crop.
    DE 20 2005 005 700 U1 discloses a forage harvester with an attachment which is designed as a maize header, the maize header comprising cutting elements, conveying elements and feed elements. The cutting elements of the attachment are driven in rotation and serve to separate stalk-like crops. The conveyor elements of the attachment are also driven in rotation and serve to convey the crop separated by the cutting elements in the direction of the feed elements of the attachment. Furthermore, the feed elements of the attachment, which serve to convey the separated crop in the direction of a processing device, namely a chopper, the forage harvester, driven circumferentially. The processing equipment includes the shredder and an infeed plant upstream of the shredder.
    Attachments of such harvesters have increasingly larger working widths. Harvesting machines already belong to the state of the art and have a working width of more than nine meters. The greater the working width of an attachment of such a harvester, the more difficult it is for a harvester operator to monitor the entire working width and to detect in a timely manner possible congestion on the attachment which may cause blockage in the header and processing equipment counteract to avoid such blockages. There is therefore a need to relieve the driver of a harvester to automatically avoid such blockages.
    On this basis, the object of the present invention is to provide a novel method for operating a harvesting machine and a control device for carrying out the method.
    This object is achieved by a method for operating a harvesting machine according to claim 1.
    According to the invention, the load of the processing device is determined, wherein when the load of the processing device is greater than a first limit is or is automatically a control-side signal to reduce the load of the attachment and thus the processing device is generated. The driver of a harvester can be relieved. The risk of obstruction in the attachment and processing equipment can be reduced.
    Preferably, the load of the infeed of the processing device is determined, wherein when the load of the intake is greater than a first limit is or is automatically a control-side signal to reduce the load of the attachment is generated. The load of the intake can be determined particularly advantageous via a hydraulic pressure detection in the drive hydraulics or a torque detection at the feed train. The driver of a harvester can be relieved. The risk of blockages in the area of the attachment as well as in the area of the processing device can be reduced particularly reliably.
    According to an advantageous development, when the load of the feed train of the processing device is greater than the first limit and less than a second limit is automatically generates a control-side signal to reduce the load on the attachment, but without interrupting a drive of the attachment whereas, when the load of the infeed station of the processing apparatus is greater than a second threshold, a control-side signal for interrupting the drive of the header is automatically generated. This procedure for operating a harvesting machine is particularly preferred. Upon reaching or exceeding the first, lower limit, a control side action is taken to reduce the burden on the attachment. The drive of the attachment is not interrupted in this case. If the load of the feed unit of the processing device between the first, lower limit and the second, upper limit, so it can be harvested with reduced header load. Then, when the load of the infeed of the processing apparatus reaches or exceeds the second upper limit, the drive of the attachment is interrupted, especially to protect it from damage, but the infeed and chopper of the processing apparatus are further driven. This allows a particularly advantageous and effective operation of a harvester.
    Preferably, when the load of the infeed of the harvester processing apparatus is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the travel speed of the harvester is automatically or automatically reduced to a value greater than zero. Then, when the load of the infeed of the processing equipment reaches or exceeds the second upper limit, the travel speed of the harvester is automatically or automatically reduced to zero and, as stated above, the drive of the attachment is interrupted. This makes a particularly advantageous operation of the harvester possible.
    The control device according to the invention for carrying out the method is defined in claim 10.
    Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings. Showing:
    Fig. 1 is a plan view of a corn header of a forage harvester formed as a harvester; and
    Fig. 2 shows a detail of the maize header of Fig. 1 in cross section.
    Fig. 1 shows a trained as a forage harvester 1 harvester.
    The forage harvester 1 comprises a header 2, which is designed as a corn header, and which is coupled to a carrier vehicle 3. The trained as maize header attachment 2 of the forage harvester 1 is moved from the carrier vehicle 3 for harvesting and serves to separate stalk-like crop such as corn or sorghum and the transport of the separated crop in the direction of a processing device 11, which is part of the carrier vehicle 3 and which an infeed 13 and a chopper 12 includes.
    The attachment 2, namely the maize header, has several mowing and intake units 4, wherein each mowing and intake unit 4 on the one hand about a vertical axis rotating, circumferentially driven cutting elements 6 and on the other hand also about a vertical axis rotating, circumferentially driven conveying elements 5 includes. 2 shows a cross-section through a mowing and intake unit 4, wherein the cutting elements 6 are fastened to a drum-like support structure 7 and the conveying elements 5 are fastened to a drum-like support structure 8. In the area of each mowing and intake unit 4, the cutting elements 6 and the conveying elements 5 of the respective mowing and intake unit 4 are circumferentially drivable about a common vertical axis 9.
    In addition to the cutting elements 6 and the conveying elements 5, the maize header comprises 2 feed elements 10. These feed elements 10 are arranged behind the mowing and intake units 4, viewed in the direction of travel of the forage harvester, and serve to transport the separated, stalk-like crop material in the direction of the infeed 13 of the processing device , The feed elements 10 are likewise driven in rotation about a vertical axis.
    The infeed 13 of the processing device 11 is formed by at least one pair of feed rollers, wherein the feed rollers of the respective feed roller pair are driven to rotate about a horizontal axis, circumferentially and are further compressed to compress the crop, which is conveyed between them, to a so-called Erntegutmatte. The infeed 13 of the processing device 11 conveys the crop material compressed to the crop mat in the direction of the chopper plant 12.
    According to the invention, during the harvesting operation of the harvester 1, the load of the processing device 11, preferably of the infeed 13 of the processing device 11, is determined. Then, when the load of the processing apparatus 11 is larger than a first threshold, a control-side signal for reducing the load of the attachment 2 and thus the processing apparatus is automatically generated. Accordingly, with the invention, a driver of the harvesting machine 1 can be actively assisted in order to avoid overstressing the attachment 2 and the processing device 11 and thus ultimately clogging it caused by overloading.
    According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the monitoring of the load of the intake train 13 of the processing device 11 takes place in two stages.
    Then, when the load of the drafting train 13 is larger than the first lower limit value and smaller than a second upper limit value, the control-side signal for reducing the load of the attachment 2 is automatically generated, but without a drive connection of the attachment 2 interrupt. Then, when the load of the intake train 13 is or becomes greater than a second limit value, a control-side signal for interrupting a drive connection of the attachment 2 is automatically generated. This allows effective operation of a harvester while avoiding clogging and avoiding damage.
    Then, if the load of the intake train 13 is or becomes only greater than the first limit value, the load of the attachment is preferably reduced by reducing the travel speed of the harvester 1 to a value greater than zero.
    Then, when the load of the intake train 13 is additionally greater than the second limit or is, the driving speed of the harvester 1 is reduced to zero and the drive of the attachment 2 is interrupted. Infeed 13 and chopper 12 are still driven.
    According to a first advantageous development, when the load of the intake train 13 is greater than the first limit value, the travel speed of the harvesting machine 1 is automatically reduced by a control device of the harvesting machine.
    According to a second alternative advantageous development of the invention, when the load of the intake system 13 is or becomes greater than the first limit value, a signal for automatically reducing the travel speed of the harvesting machine 1 is generated, in particular a signal which automatically causes the driver to Driver side to reduce the driving speed of the harvester 1. This may be an audible and / or visual warning signal, which automatically generates a control unit of the harvesting machine 1.
    The load of the intake train 13 of the processing device 11 is preferably determined by a torque detection at the feed train 13. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the torque detection takes place with the aid of at least one overload clutch, not shown, or a sensor. Alternatively, a torque detection at the infeed 13 to determine the burden of the same can also be done via a support torque measurement on a cooperating with the intake 13, not shown gear or on a torque measuring shaft, not shown.
    In addition or as an alternative to the torque detection, the load of the intake 13 of the processing device 11 can also take place via a hydraulic pressure detection at the feed train 13, namely a hydraulic pressure that must be applied to drive the feed rollers of the respective feed roller pair of the feed train 13 to collect the crop and to the chopper 12 promote. This hydraulic pressure can be detected by means of a pressure sensor.
    Additionally or alternatively to the torque detection and / or hydraulic pressure detection, the load of the intake train 13 can also be determined via image processing of a material flow in the intake train 13. In this context, it is possible to optically detect the crop flow in the intake train 13 with the aid of at least one camera and to automatically evaluate the image signal optically detected by the or each camera in an image processing system in order to determine the load of the intake train 13 therefrom.
    In addition to the torque detection and / or the hydraulic pressure detection and / or image processing, a speed detection on the feed rollers of the respective feed roller pair of the intake train 13 for determining the load of the intake train 13 can be performed. In particular, the torque detection in combination with a speed detection can be used to determine the load of the intake train 13.
    In this context, it may be provided that when the torque determined at the intake train 13 is or becomes greater than a first, lower torque limit value, and furthermore when the rotational speed determined at the intake train 13 is smaller than a first, upper rotational speed limit value, it is concluded that the load of the intake train 13 is or is greater than the first limit, and then automatically generate a control-side signal to reduce the load of the attachment 2. Then, when the torque detected at the intake train 13 is greater than a second upper torque limit, and further when the engine speed determined at the intake train 13 is less than a second lower speed limit, it can be concluded that the load of the intake 13 is greater than the second limit is or will, then automatically disconnect the drive connection of the attachment 2. Feed train 13 and chopper 12 of the processing device 11 are driven on, however.
    The invention enables automatic assistance to a driver of a harvester 1. For the harvester 1, better utilization can be achieved, whereby the number of jams in the header 2 and processing equipment 11 can be reduced. The entire chaff chain is optimized.
    The harvester 1 can be easily and reliably brought to their performance limit and operated safely there.
    The driver of the harvester 1 is actively relieved by the invention.
    Mechanical loads are reduced, which increases the life of the harvester 1.
    The invention further relates to a control device for operating a harvesting machine, in particular a forage harvester, wherein the control device is used to carry out the method according to the invention. The controller has hardware and software means for performing the method. The hardware-side means are data interfaces in order to exchange data with the modules involved in carrying out the method according to the invention. As a further hardware-side means, the control device comprises a processor for data processing and a memory for data storage. The software resources are program modules for carrying out the method.
    LIST OF REFERENCES 1 harvester / forage harvester 2 attachment / maize header 3 carrier vehicle 4 mowing and intake unit 5 conveying element 6 cutting element 7 supporting structure 8 carrying structure 9 axis 10 feeding element 11 processing device 12 chopping plant 13 intake train
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    claims
    1. A method for operating a harvester (1), in particular a forage harvester, wherein the harvester (1) has an attachment (2), in particular a maize header, and a processing device (11), in particular a chopper (12) with an upstream feed mechanism (13). , wherein the header (2) is for separating stem-like crops and conveying the separated crop toward the processing equipment (11), and wherein the processing equipment (11) is for further processing the separated crop, the load of the processing equipment ( 11) is determined, and that when the load of the processing device (11) is greater than a first limit or is automatically a control-side signal to reduce the load of the attachment (2) and thus the processing device (11) is generated , characterized in that when the load of the intake unit (13) of the processing device (11) greater than that first limit value and less than a second limit value, a control-side signal for reducing the load of the header (2) is automatically generated, and that when the load of the intake unit (13) of the processing device (11) is greater than a second Limit is or will, in addition automatically a control-side signal for interrupting a drive of the attachment (2) is generated.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the load of the feed train (13) of the processing device (11) is determined, and that when the load of the intake train (13) is greater than a first limit or is, automatically control-side signal for reducing the load of the attachment (2) is generated.
    [3]
    3. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the driving speed of the harvester (1) is reduced to reduce the load on the attachment (2).
    [4]
    4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that when the load of the feed train (13) is greater than the first limit or is, the driving speed of the harvester (1) automatically reduced or a signal for automatically reducing the driving speed of the harvester (1) is generated.
    [5]
    5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that when the load of the intake train (13) is greater than the second limit or is, the driving speed of the harvester (1) is reduced to zero.
    [6]
    6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the load of the processing device (11) via a torque detection and / or speed detection at the feed train (13) is determined.
    [7]
    7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the load of the processing device (11) via a hydraulic pressure detection at the feed unit (13) is determined.
    [8]
    8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the load of the processing device (11) via an image processing of a material flow in the feed train (13) is determined.
    [9]
    9. Control device for operating a harvesting machine, in particular a forage harvester, characterized in that the control device comprises means for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 8.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP2143316B1|2019-03-20|Self-propelled harvester
    DE102007046678A1|2009-04-09|Agricultural work vehicle
    EP2915422B1|2018-11-14|Agricultural work machine
    DE102013003970B4|2015-12-24|Maize header for a forage harvester and forage harvester with such a maize header
    DE10147733A1|2003-04-10|Method and device for determining a harvester setting
    EP2995190B1|2017-08-23|Method for operating a combine harvester
    EP2761984B1|2017-09-27|Vibration pick-up unit
    EP3114919B1|2020-10-28|Harvesting header assembly
    EP2248411B1|2019-12-18|Harvester
    BE1023764B1|2017-07-14|FELDHÄCKSLER WITH REVERSIBLE CONDITIONING DEVICE
    BE1023277B1|2017-01-19|Method and control device for operating a harvester
    EP2110012B1|2012-03-14|Method and device for optimising operational parameters of an agricultural work machine
    BE1022979B1|2016-10-26|Method and control device for operating a harvester
    BE1022629B1|2016-06-20|Method and control system for operating a forage harvester and forage harvester
    EP2713701B1|2016-08-31|Method and system
    EP2965610B1|2018-08-15|Forage harvester with overload protection
    BE1022956A9|2016-12-20|Method and control device for operating a harvester
    DE202018105091U1|2018-09-17|baler
    EP3427570B1|2020-08-05|Agricultural harvester, in particular chaff cutter
    DE102013110551A1|2015-03-26|Method and control system for operating a harvester and sensor for such a control system
    AT514715B1|2016-04-15|Method for operating an agricultural loading wagon and control device
    EP3549433B1|2021-07-21|Height control system for a harvesting header
    EP3718391A1|2020-10-07|Forage harvester
    DE102015113479A1|2017-02-16|Maize bit of a forage harvester
    DE102016104281A1|2017-09-14|Harvest header of a harvester
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102014118781A1|2016-06-16|
    BE1023277A1|2017-01-19|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3514929A|1967-08-21|1970-06-02|Deere & Co|Control system for a harvesting machine|
    US3481122A|1967-10-23|1969-12-02|Int Harvester Co|Ground speed control|
    EP1419687A1|2002-11-13|2004-05-19|CLAAS Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen GmbH|Method for controlling the speed of a harvester|
    EP2702858A2|2012-08-30|2014-03-05|CLAAS Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen GmbH|Harvesting machine with goods supply control|
    DE102004039462A1|2004-06-21|2006-01-05|Deere & Company, Moline|Self-propelled harvester|
    DE202005005700U1|2005-04-08|2005-06-30|Claas Saulgau Gmbh|Mowing and conveying device for stalked crop|
    DE102006025455A1|2006-05-30|2007-12-20|Claas Saulgau Gmbh|Attachment for harvesting stemmed crops|
    DE102008049575A1|2008-09-30|2010-04-01|Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh|Agricultural harvester|KR20200087136A|2017-11-28|2020-07-20|가부시끼 가이샤 구보다|harvest|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102014118781.4|2014-12-16|
    DE102014118781.4A|DE102014118781A1|2014-12-16|2014-12-16|Method and control device for operating a harvester|
    [返回顶部]