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    • 专利摘要:
    56, 58, 60) heeft een doorlopende haakstructuur (66). A baler (10) contains a main bale chamber (26) for compressing harvesting material into bales. The main bale chamber (26) has a bottom (52, 58) and an outlet (32) for discharging compressed harvesting material in the form of bales. A plunger (30) performs a reciprocating movement in the main bale chamber (26). The main bale chamber (26) contains a frame structure (52) and a series of density elements (54, 56, 58.60) along which the harvest material passes. The density elements (54, 56, 58.60) are supported by the frame structure (52), at least one of the density elements (54, 56, 58, 60) has a continuous hook structure (66).
    公开号:BE1022892B1
    申请号:E2015/0183
    申请日:2015-07-03
    公开日:2016-10-07
    发明作者:Kenny Nona；Brecht VERMEULEN；Sven Monbaliu
    申请人:Cnh Industrial Belgium Nv；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    BALEN PRESS FOR AGRICULTURE WITH DENSITY DOORS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    This invention relates to balers for use in agriculture (hereinafter referred to simply as balers) and, more specifically, to square balers for use in agriculture, furthermore referred to as short-edge balers and with density doors.
    Harvesting machines for agricultural use (hereinafter referred to simply as harvesting machines), such as balers, are used in agriculture to assemble and package harvesting material to facilitate the storage and handling of harvesting material before use. . In the case of hay, a mower-conditioner is usually used to cut off the harvesting material and prepare it to dry in the sun. In the case of straw, a combine harvester unloads harvest material that is not grain from the rear of the combine, which forms the straw (eg wheat or oat straw) that will be picked up by the baler. The cut crop material is usually raked and dried, and a baling press, such as a large vertical ball and press or a round ball and press, travels astride and along the windrows to pick up the bales and make them into bales.
    A large pick-up unit and press collect a pick-up unit at the front of the ball and press the harvested material from the ground and swath it down. The pick-up unit contains a pick-up roller and may optionally contain other components such as lateral guards, short-jacks supported on one side, a windshield, etc.
    A packer unit is used to feed the harvest material from the pick-up unit to a tube or pre-compression chamber. The packer unit forms a plug of harvest material within the pre-compression chamber, which is then transferred to a main bale chamber. (For this discussion, the load of harvesting material in the pre-compression chamber will be called a "plug" and the load of harvesting material after being compressed within the main ball and chamber will be called a "slab".)
    Typically, such a packer unit includes teeth or forks to displace the harvest material from the pickup unit into the pre-compression chamber. The location of a packer unit also discloses the use of a rotor cutter unit, which chops the harvest material into smaller pieces.
    A filling unit transfers the plug of harvesting material in loads from the pre-compression chamber to the main bale chamber. Typically, such a filling unit contains filling forks which are used to transfer the plug of harvesting material from the pre-compression chamber to the main bale chamber, synchronously with the reciprocating movement of a plunger within the main bale chamber. In the main ball room, the plant compresses the plug of harvesting material into pieces to form a bale, and at the same time the bale gradually feeds to the exit of the bale chamber. The plane moves back and forth towards the baler unloading and away from it. The plunger may include a plurality of rollers extending side-by-side with respect to the sides of the plunger. The rollers on each side of the plunger are received in a corresponding plunger slot that is formed in the side walls of the ball and chamber, with the plungers being plunged during the reciprocating movements.
    When enough slices are added and the bale reaches a full (or another predetermined size) size, a number of knots are activated that wrap rope, yarn or anything similar around the bale and and knots while the bale is ch still in the main ballroom and room. The rope is cut and the formed bale is ejected from the back of the baler when a new bale is formed. In the compression zone of the main ball and chamber, the walls are usually arranged so that the profile cross-section narrows in the direction of movement of the bale to ensure that the harvesting material is compressed. This arrangement also has the tendency to place the harvesting material under a certain tension, thereby ensuring that a certain amount of the harvesting material retreats backwards into the direction of the plant when it is not. is compressed by the pl unj. This springback of the harvesting material means a loss of energy as the next year of the plant will require energy to compress the harvesting material again. I n determine the large vertical ball and presses according to the state of the technology the doors are flat with a bend of 4 ° (min or more) between the compression zone and the holding zone. Ideally, the holding zone is parallel. In that case, the compression zone is at an angle of 4 ° and helps to compress the crop. When the plunger presses to compress the crop, the crop is squeezed through the constriction, creating an additional back pressure and compression in the cross-section. But when the plunger returns, the crop will expand backwards in the direction of the plunger. This happens when the plunger moves away from the crop, since the plunger cannot offer back pressure at that time. On the other hand, the rest of the bale is clamped in the holding zone so that the crop in the compression zone expands in the direction of the plunger. Although the crop will be pushed back the next time the pl unjer is compressed, this actually results in a loss of energy during every pl unj e r In the past, the plant had to release power and the crop was moved backwards in the direction of the i enat of the ball and chamber. If we ensure that the crop does not return to the plunger, the plunger will only have to exert force later in the plunger. This ensures that less energy is used as well and the necessary force to compress the crop a second time is pure loss. This is because we have already supplied that power, but allowing the crop to spring back to a looser state means energy loss. I In a large vertical ball and presses according to the state of the art, adjustable bumps for hay are provided in the bale chamber. Such adjustable hay projections are usually placed at specific locations over the entire bale chamber, namely next to each other and / or behind each other. Although they offer a solution to limit the recoil of the harvesting material, they tend to form a problem with harvesting material that gets stuck behind these adjustable hay bumps and thus loses their effect during baling. . The operator will in that case be forced to empty the bale chamber and to clean the adjustable hay spouts, which is a time-consuming job
    What is needed compared to the prior art is a baler that reduces the return of the harvesting material to more efficiently compress the harvesting material into bales without the disadvantages of the known adjustable hay spouts.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    This invention provides a ball press with an efficient compression section. In one form, the invention is directed to a baler that contains a main bale chamber for compressing crop material into bales. The main bale chamber contains a frame structure and a series of density elements through which the harvest material passes. The density elements are supported by the frame structure. The main bale chamber further comprises an outlet for discharging compressed harvest material in the form of bales. A plunger performs a reciprocating movement in the main bale chamber. The main bale chamber contains a frame structure and a series of density elements along which the harvest material passes. At least one of the densitats elements has a continuous hook structure over a substantially full width of the bale chamber.
    An advantage of these embodiments is that the ball is capable of using energy to compress the harvest material since the harvest material is prevented from springing back to the plunger when the plunger does not compress the harvest material.
    Another advantage is that this embodiment is of a nature appropriate and does not require moving parts.
    Yet another advantage is that this extension can only be used with only a small baling press.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    The above and other features and advantage and of this interpretation and the manner in which they are achieved will become clearer and the explanation will be better understood by reference to the following description. of embodiments of the invention together with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
    Figure 1 shows a cut-away perspective drawing of the operation of a large perspective ball press, which contains solid doors according to this embodiment as part of the bale chamber;
    Figure 2 is a cut-away side view of the baler of Figure 1 that illustrates an embodiment of density doors according to this embodiment;
    Figure 3 is a side view of an upper density door used in the baler of Figures 1 and 2;
    Figure 4 is a perspective side view as viewed from a bottom of the upper density doors of Figure 3;
    Figure 5 is a partial exploded perspective view of the density doors of this invention used in the baler of Figures 1 and 2;
    Figure 6 is a perspective view of a density door used in the baler of Figures 1 and 2; and
    Figure 7 shows another view of the density doors of the ball and chamber used in the baler of Figures 1 and 2.
    Corresponding references (numbers and / or letters) enter corresponding parts through all the different views. The examples set forth herein illustrate embodiments of the invention and such examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    Now with reference to the drawings and more particularly to Figure 1, a perspective cut-away view is shown showing the internal action of a large square baler 10. The baler 10 works with a two-stage feed system. Harvesting material is lifted from windrows by means of a pick-up unit 12 and supplied to the baler 10. The pick-up unit 12 includes a rotating pick-up roller 14 with tines 16 that move the crop rearwardly to a packer shed 18. An optional pair of one-sidedly supported short figs (one of which is shown but without a number) is positioned above the pick-up roller 14 to moving the harvest material sideways to the inside. The packer case 18 contains packer teeth 20 which press the crop into a pre-compression chamber 22 to form a plug of harvesting material. The packer teeth 20 entwine the crop and pack it together in the pre-compression chamber 22. The pre-compression chamber 22 and the packer teeth 20 act as the first step of compressing the crop. Once the pressure in the pre-compression chamber 22 reaches a predetermined measured value, a filling unit 24 moves the plug of crop from the pre-compression chamber 22 to a main bale chamber 26. The filling unit 24 contains filling forks 28 which are the plug of crop press directly until a pl 30, which moves back and forth within the main bale chamber 26 and compresses the plug of crop into a slice. The fill forks 28 return to their original stationary condition after the plug of material has been moved into the main ball and chamber 26. The plunger 30 compresses the plugs of crop into slabs to form a bale, and at the same time the bale immediately moves to an outlet 32 of the main bale chamber 26. The main bale chamber 26 and the plunger 30 function as a second stage for compressing the crop. When enough slices have been added and the bale reaches a full (or other predetermined size) size, button layers 34 are activated that wrap and bind rope around the bale while the bale is still in the main bale chamber 26. Needles 36 raise the lower rope to the knots 34 after which the knotting process takes place. The rope is cut and the formed bale is ejected from a discharge loop 38 when a new bale is formed.
    The plunger 30 is connected via a crank arm 40 to a gear box 42. The gear box 42 is driven by a flywheel 44, which in turn is connected via a drive shaft 46 to the PTO shaft coupling (FTO coupling) 48. The PTO shaft coupling 48 is detachably connected with the spi eas of the power take-off at the rear of the traction unit, such as a tractor (not shown). The PTO shaft 48, the drive shaft 46 and the flywheel 44 together define a portion of a drive line 50 that provides rotational energy to the gearbox 42. The flywheel 44 has a sufficient mass to assist the plunger 30 through a compression stroke when energy is applied to drive shaft 46 by the traction unit (not shown).
    Now, moreover, referring to Figure 2, a cut-away view is shown of the bale chamber 26, which contains a frame structure 52 that carries densitel doors 54, 56,58 and 60. The density doors 54, 56,58 and 60 can generally be called density elements 54, 56, 58 and 60 which provide for the compression and retention of harvesting material (for the sake of clarity, the harvesting material becomes not shown here). The bale chamber 26 contains a compression zone 62 and a retaining zone 64. The compression zone 62 has a generally narrowed hinge in the direction 68 of the crop flow. The narrowing angle can be approximately 4 ° (or a different angle), so that, if the harvesting material is moved in the direction 68 by repeatedly applying more harvesting material and the compression strokes of the plunger 30, the material in bales is compressed. The retaining zone 64 will ideally have generally parallel walls, but variations are also contemplated, the walls serving to hold the harvesting material once compressed in the compression zone 62. In the compression zone 62 at least some of the density elements 54, 56, 58 and 60 have a hook structure 66 which serves to maintain the position of the harvest material during the time that the compressive force of the plant 30 is not applied. The hook structure 66 has a cross-sectional view with a beveled sign, each part of which, in direction 68, gradually extends further to a center of the main bale chamber 26. The hook structure 66 can also be described differently as compared with protrusions whose edges - which serve to gradually compress the harvest material and the edges which generally extend perpendicularly to the direction 68 - engage the harvest material so that it does not spring back in a direction opposite to the direction 68. The hook structure 66 can extend to a certain extent into the retaining zone 64. Generally, the hook structure 66 is used only in the compression zone, since the otherwise inclined surface has a tendency to stimulate the harvest material to spring back in that in the direction opposite to the direction 68 the full urn increases and a relaxation of the compressed harvest material becomes possible.
    The hook structure 66 in the compression zone 62 is positioned so that it extends downstream in the direction 68 from the full stroke of the plunger 30. This arrangement is to be used to rub hook structure 66 against the sides of the platform 30. It may happen that the hook structure 66 is removable or perhaps even retractable when this is not necessary or desired.
    Well now, also with reference to Figures 3 and 4, some details of the upper density elements 54 are shown, which are represented as five generally identical elements positioned so that the knot system pulls the rope through the main bale chamber 26 so that the rope is visible and does not rub against the sealing elements 54. The density elements 54 may have an opposite set of similar density elements 58 at the bottom of the main ball and chamber 26, the hook structure 66 on the bottom being similar to that of the upper density elements 54. However, it is also contemplated that the bottom may have a substantially flat surface. The density elements 54 have essentially the same hook structures 66. However, it is also contemplated that the hook structures 66 may have relative positions that differ, rather than being all aligned.
    Now, also with reference to Figures 5 and 6, details are shown of densely spaced elements 54, 56 and 60 and their mutual relationship. As can be seen, the subtitle elements 56 and 60 each have the hook structure 66 which extends over their full width W, W, which is essentially the full width, or height - depending on the view - of the main bale chamber , but the term "width" is used here regardless of the orientation. The density elements 56 and 60 are opposed to each other and are essentially the same or mirror images.
    Now, moreover, referring to Figure 7, a view is shown of densely spaced elements 58 to intercept the space between them, through which chaff and colloid material can pass. The relative position of the subtitle elements 56 and 60 are also illustrated.
    According to the state of the art, doors are flat, but in this embodiment the nature of the compression zone 62 is adapted to form a kind of structure with barbs 66 over the full width W 'of the doors 56, 60. This serves to limit the expansion in the direction of the plunger 30 when the plunger 30 withdraws. When the extension to the plant is reduced, the force that the plant must exert before the next cycle will be reduced, since the crop has not returned so much. This ensures that the force of the plunger 30 will be greater later in the stroke and this also results in an energy saving. The more crop material springs back to the plunger 30, the more the planter 30 has to compress the crop the next time, for which additional energy is required i & So, the more we prevent the crop from returning, the less energy is lost and the more efficiently the bale is formed. Here the barbs 66 lie in the compression zone 62, but they can also be extended to the retaining zone64. This will not be over the full length of the retaining zone64, but it will be in the first part of the retaining zone64. Because in some cases it may happen that the crop at the beginning of the retaining zone64 also springs back in the direction of the plunger 30, especially when the walls of the compression zone 62 are sharper towards each other! open in direction 68, this crop movement can be blocked by the appropriate shape of the hooks 66 in the holding zone 64.
    In this way the crop is better retained, so that it does not return, which leads to an energy saving. This too is a consequence of making the door compression zone in the form of a hook. This can also partly happen in the retention zone. The crop will be restrained by the hooks 66 whereby crop material stops moving from the rear to the front and this will help to prevent the crop from moving. This is initially done in the compression zone 62, because it is there that the crop springs back to the front. In the retaining zone 64 the crop is maintained after unchanged density, so that hooks 66 are only used to a limited extent there. In some states of the crop, the harvesting maize may again expand at the beginning of the retention zone in the direction of the plant and in that case it may be good to start the hooks 66 of the retaining zone 64. It is intended that the hooks 66 be fitted over the full door, forming them in the doors. As a result, the harvesting material can no longer get stuck in any protruding parts. When the plunger withdraws, the harvest material will be prevented from springing backwards, while when the plunger compresses, it will press the crop in the direction of the bale chamber exit. Due to the shape of these hooks in the doors, no harvest material will remain behind when it is pressed towards the exit since there is no possibility of it getting stuck there.
    The shape of the hooks can be used on all sides of the bale chamber.
    Especially for the upper door 54 and the side doors 56, 60, but also for the bottom 58 of the bale chamber 26.1 there is no kink in the bottom 58, but the hooks 66 can still be used to the same extent as the upper door 54 are applied.
    It is possible to make the hook structure 66 interchangeable, so that hooks with different angles can be fitted, depending on changing crop conditions. That's how it is! I want to make the hook structure such that the hooks can be placed at a specific angle in the bale chamber by using a hydraulic actuator (not shown). When operating the hydraulic actuator, the hooks will be moved more or less into the bale chamber, depending on the harvest material. With this hydraulic actuator it is even possible to fully fill the hook structure so that it comes in one spot with the rest of the door.
    This invention advantageously saves energy, and is likely to cause the bale density to increase for the same compression rate.
    Although this invention has been described with respect to at least one embodiment, this invention can be further modified within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. This patent application is then also intended to cover all variations and uses or adaptations of the implementation by making use of its general principle. Furthermore, this patent application is intended to cover such deviations from this disclosure that are possible in known or customary practice in accordance with the state of the art to which this extension relates. ng and these fall within the limits of the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    CONCLUSI ES
    A ball press (10) consisting of: a main bale chamber (26) for compressing harvest material into bales, the main bale chamber comprising the following: - a frame structure (52); and - a series of density elements (54, 56, 58.60) through which the harvesting material passes, wherein the density elements (54, 56.58.60) are supported by the frame structure (52), and - an outlet (32) for unloading compressed harvesting material in the form of bales; and a plunger (30) that performs a reciprocating movement in the main bale chamber (26); characterized in that: the at least one density element (54, 56, 58.60) has a through-hook structure (66) that extends over a substantially full width (W, W) of the bale chamber (26).
    [2]
    Ball and press (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the main ball and chamber (26) comprises a compression zone (62) and a retaining zone (64), the hook structure (66) being arranged in the compression zone (62) .
    [3]
    Ball press (10) according to condition 2, characterized in that a part of the hook structure (66) is located in the holding zone (64).
    [4]
    Ball press (10) according to one or more of the previous conditions, characterized in that the continuous hook structure (66) is mounted on two density elements (56 and 60) on opposite sides of the main ball room (26).
    [5]
    Ball press (10) according to one or more of the previous conditions, characterized in that the hook structure (66) includes protrusions which gradually extend further to a center of the main ball and chamber (26) in the direction of flow (68) of the harvest material.
    [6]
    Ball baler (10) according to one or more of the previous conditions, characterized in that at least one density element (54,58) is a series of similarity element elements (54 or 58) at a certain distance apart along a width ( W) of the main dbd enkamer (26).
    [7]
    Ball press (10) according to condition 6, characterized in that the series of densitat elements (54, 58) are aligned on opposite sides of the main bale chamber (26).
    [8]
    Ball press (10) according to condition 7, characterized in that the series of density elements (54, 58) aligned on opposite sides of the main bale chamber (26) are aligned with the top and bottom of the main bale chamber (26).
    [9]
    Balers and presses (10) according to one or more of the previous conditions, characterized in that the hook structure (66) is positioned downstream with respect to the direction of flow of the harvest material from the full stroke of the plunger (30) in the main bale chamber (26).
    [10]
    A baler (10) according to one or more of the previous conditions, characterized in that the hook structure (66) contains no moving parts.
    [11]
    Ball press (10) according to one or more of the conditions 1-9, characterized in that the hook structure (66) is interchangeable.
    [12]
    A ball press (10) according to one or more of the conditions 1-9, characterized in that the hook structure (66) can be positioned in the main bale chamber (26) at an adjustable angle.
    [13]
    A method for operating the ball and press (10) according to one or more of the preceding conditions, the method comprising the following steps: - pressing crop material into the main bale chamber (26); - compressing the harvest material with the plunger (30); - retaining at least a portion of the harvest material with the hook structure (66) thereby limiting the amount of harvest material that returns to the plunger (30) when the plunger (30) does not compress the harvest material.
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