• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    ledit au moins un ventilateur (5), ledit canal (9) r,&' 1 comprenant un organe de contournement au moins partiel d’un évaporateur du chauffe-eau thermodynamique (4), mobile entre une position de passage dans laquelle l’air passe à travers l’évaporateur et une position de contournement dans laquelle l’air contourne au moins partiellement l'évaporateur. The subject of the invention is a ventilation installation (1) of a set (2) of housings (3) comprising at least two housings, at least one of the housings being provided with a thermodynamic water heater (4). , said installation (1) comprising: at least one central fan (5) able to circulate the air between said fan (5) and each of said housings (3), and at least one air supply duct (9) thermodynamic water heater (4) in fluidic relation with said at least one fan (5), said channel (9) r, &' 1 comprising an at least partial bypass member of an evaporator of the thermodynamic water heater (4), movable between a passage position in which the air passes through the evaporator and a bypass position in which the air bypasses at least partially the evaporator.
    公开号:BE1022750B1
    申请号:E2015/5259
    申请日:2015-04-21
    公开日:2016-08-29
    发明作者:Laurent Demia
    申请人:Atlantic Climatisation & Ventilation；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a ventilation installation of a housing unit comprising at least two housings, at least one of the housings being provided with a heater. thermodynamic water. The ventilation system comprises: at least one fan intended to circulate the air between said fan and each of the housings, and at least one air supply channel of the thermodynamic water heater in fluid relation with said at least one a fan.
    A thermodynamic water heater is a water heater whose operation is based on a thermodynamic loop, in which a compressor is connected to a condenser itself connected to a pressure reducer, itself connected to an evaporator, which is connected to the compressor, which closes the loop.
    In this loop circulates a working fluid which is set in motion and compressed in the compressor, then undergoes condensation in the condenser before being expanded in the expander and finally undergoes evaporation in the evaporator. The evaporator and the condenser are heat exchangers, in each of which the working fluid partially exchanges its thermal energy with another fluid.
    In a thermodynamic water heater, the condenser is generally arranged around a water reserve tank for supplying hot water to the housing equipped with the water heater. The water is heated by the condensation of the working fluid, which gives up its thermal energy. The evaporator is generally disposed above or below the tank, so that the working fluid exchanges its heat energy with the ventilation air of the installation.
    Such an evaporator induces a pressure drop of the air flow therethrough, which is necessary when the water heater is running, but which is a disadvantage when the water heater is off.
    This loss of load proves all the more troublesome for a collective installation, that is to say comprising at least two housings, because the paths of the air flows are long, complex and varied, and that a single fan has the function of controlling the air circulation in the many rooms of each housing.
    The object of the present invention is to overcome these disadvantages. For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a ventilation installation of a set of dwellings comprising at least two dwellings, at least one of the dwellings being provided with a thermodynamic water heater, said installation comprising: at least a fan, called a central fan, able to circulate the air between said fan and each of said housings, and - at least one air supply channel of the thermodynamic water heater in fluidic relation with said at least one setting device. air movement, said channel comprising an at least partial bypass member of an evaporator of the thermodynamic water heater, movable between a passage position in which the air passes through the evaporator and a bypass position in which the The air at least partially bypasses the evaporator.
    Thanks to the installation according to the invention, the flow of ventilation air can at least partially bypass the evaporator, and because of this, undergoes fewer pressure drops due to the evaporator.
    According to another characteristic of the invention, the installation comprises a means for controlling the position of the bypass member, said control means being configured to position the bypass member according to an operating state of the heater. thermodynamic water.
    Thus, when the water heater is running, the bypass member can be positioned in the passage position, so that the flow of air passes through the evaporator, while, when the water heater is off, the bypass member is in the bypass position, so that the air flow does not at least partially through the evaporator but on the contrary it bypasses it.
    It is said that the water heater is running when the thermodynamic loop is used to heat the water.
    It is said that the water heater is off when there is no heating of water by the thermodynamic loop.
    According to another characteristic of the invention, the control means is able to position the bypass member in the passage position in a first period of the day and to position the bypass member in a bypass position in a second period of time. the day.
    Thus, if the water heater is running during a so-called off-peak period and off during a so-called full-time period, the bypass member is in the transit position during the off-peak period and in position bypass during the peak period.
    The period of peak hours corresponds for example to the hours of the day during which the electric energy is the most expensive, and the period of off-peak hours corresponds to the hours of the day during which the electric energy is on the contrary the least expensive. .
    According to another characteristic of the invention, the installation comprises a means for controlling a central operating parameter of the central fan as a function of the position of passage or bypass of the at least partial bypass member of the central fan. evaporator.
    The setpoint parameter is for example the central fan speed, the pressure or the air flow, for example through the central fan, or a combination of these, namely a preprogrammed operating curve.
    Thus, it is possible to adjust the operation of the fan according to that of the water heaters of the installation. For example, when the water heaters in the installation are off, especially during peak hours, it is possible to reduce the fan speed.
    According to another characteristic of the invention, the installation comprises a means for measuring the air pressure in the air supply channel. Indeed, the pressure requirement of the installation depends on the position of the bypass member, so that it is advantageous to regulate the operation of the fan by the pressure measurement.
    According to another characteristic of the invention, the pressure measuring means is a depressometer.
    According to another characteristic of the invention, the installation comprises a filter element for the air passing through the evaporator disposed in the air supply channel.
    Thus, the air passing through the evaporator is filtered, which makes it possible to reduce the quantity of particles which are deposited on the external surface of the evaporator and thus reduce the efficiency of the heat exchanges between the working fluid. and the ventilation air.
    According to another characteristic of the invention, the bypass member is configured to at least partially bypass the evaporator and the filter.
    Thus, when the ventilation air bypasses at least partially the evaporator and the filtration device, the pressure drop experienced by the air flow is further reduced.
    Also, it may be envisaged to control the bypass member depending on the fouling condition of the filter and / or the evaporator. Indeed, if the filter and / or the evaporator reach a level of fouling, it becomes more relevant to use the thermodynamic loop. In this case, it is potentially wise to bypass the evaporator, and to heat the water by another means, for example an electrical resistance, and / or to send a fault signal to the user.
    According to another characteristic of the invention, the installation comprises an additional fan arranged in the air supply channel.
    Thus, this additional fan makes it possible to compensate the pressure drops of the ventilation air flow due to the passage of the evaporator and / or the air filtration element or to meet a specific need related to a request for ventilation of the housing equipped with the additional fan by the occupant.
    According to another characteristic of the invention, said at least one central fan is able to extract air out of the set of at least two housings.
    In other words, the central fan works in extraction.
    According to another characteristic of the invention, at least two housings are provided with a thermodynamic water heater and at least one of these thermodynamic water heaters is provided with a bypass member. The subject of the invention is also a thermodynamic water heater adapted to equip an installation as described above, comprising the evaporator in the feed channel and an at least partial bypass member of the evaporator of the thermodynamic water heater, movable between a passage position in which the air passes through the evaporator and a bypass position in which the air at least partially bypasses the evaporator. Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the description which follows. This is purely illustrative and should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: - Figure 1 illustrates a ventilation system according to the present invention; FIG. 2 illustrates a detail of FIG. 1 in a position of passage of a bypass member; - Figure 3 illustrates a detail of Figure 1 in a bypass position of a bypass member; - Figure 4 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the bypass member; - Figures 5a and 5b illustrate another embodiment of the bypass member; and FIG. 6 illustrates a second embodiment of the installation.
    As illustrated in FIG. 1, the ventilation installation 1 according to the present invention is able to equip a set 2 of housings 3 comprising at least two housings. In Figure 1, eight housings 3 are shown.
    According to the present invention, at least one of the housings 3 is provided with a thermodynamic water heater 4. In FIG. 1, each housing 3 is provided with a thermodynamic water heater.
    The thermodynamic water heater operates in two states, a first so-called operating state, in which the water heater heats the water of the housing 3 that it equips with the thermodynamic loop already described in connection with the state of the art, and a second so-called shutdown state, wherein the water is not heated by the thermodynamic loop. The shutdown state is compatible with other operating states of the thermodynamic water heater, which do not implement the thermodynamic loop.
    In particular, the shutdown state is compatible with the heating of the water by other means, such as an electrical resistance, for example implanted in the water heater. The shutdown state is not incompatible either with a standby thermodynamic water heater.
    For example, if the thermodynamic circuit has sufficient flow for an optimal coefficient of performance, and if the installation and / or an occupant requires a greater flow rate, the bypass then be partial, so as to remain at the rate for obtaining optimal coefficient of performance. The installation 1 comprises at least one fan 5 adapted to circulate the air between the fan 5 and each of said housings 3.
    In FIG. 1, the installation 1 comprises a fan 5, called a central fan, which is in fluid relation with each of the housings 3 via two air columns 7 and 8 which respectively connect the housings 3 to the left of Figure 1 for column 7 and slots 3 on the right of Figure 1 for column 8.
    As can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 6, the installation operates in extraction mode, that is to say that the central fan 5 is able to extract air out of the assembly 2 of the housings 3.
    In other words, the air flows F flow from the vents 14 of each housing 3 to one of the columns 7, 8 to the fan 5 through which the air is blown out of the installation 1. Nevertheless, it is also possible that the installation 1 works by blowing air, in which case the air is directed from the central fan 5 to the columns 7 and 8, to the air vents 14.
    It should be noted that the number of columns, the number of air vents is very variable, and some homes may not be equipped with a thermodynamic water heater.
    By housing 3 is meant a dwelling, in which certain rooms, such as the kitchen and the bathroom for example, comprise at least one ventilation opening 14. The installation 1 comprises at least one supplying channel 9. air of the thermodynamic water heater 4 in fluidic relation with said at least one fan 5.
    In the figures, the channel 9 is constituted by an enclosure unit of the thermodynamic water heater 4. Of course, the channel 9 may be separate from this unit or be formed by a conduit disposed in this unit.
    The channel 9 comprises a member 10 at least partially bypassing an evaporator 11 of the thermodynamic water heater 4. The bypass member 10 is movable between a passage position, illustrated in FIG. 2 and a bypass position, illustrated in Figure 3.
    As can be seen in FIG. 2, in the passage position, the air passes through the evaporator 11.
    As can be seen in FIG. 3, in the bypass position in which the air bypasses the evaporator 11.
    In Figures 2 and 3, the bypass member is a flag-type valve. Of course, the invention is not limited to this type of valve and the bypass member can take many forms known to those skilled in the art, such as a butterfly-type flap, illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, iris, or still louver type. The bypass member may further be formed by the combination of several valves and / or may be intended to perform additional functions of its bypass function.
    For example, the bypass member may comprise a first valve for closing or allowing the passage of air in the evaporator, and another valve for closing or allowing the passage of air bypassing the evaporator in the air duct. 9.
    In Figure 3, the evaporator 11 is completely closed by the bypass member, so that the bypass is total. Nevertheless, depending on the position of the bypass member, it is possible for the evaporator to be partly only closed off by the bypass member 10.
    Two other variants of the bypass member in the form of a butterfly valve are illustrated in FIGS. 4, 5a and 5b.
    In Figure 4, the valve 10 closes the evaporator 11 in the bypass position. According to this variant, the not shown flow position is that in which the valve moves away from the evaporator 11 so that the air can pass through it. This is an embodiment of a total bypass.
    In FIGS. 5a and 5b, the valve 10 is positioned in "parallel" of the evaporator, that is to say that the evaporator 11 does not enter the range of movement of the valve 10. According to this variant , the passage position is that shown in Figure 5a while the bypass position (partial) is that of Figure 5b.
    Thus, thanks to the bypass member, the flow of ventilation air can at least partially bypass the evaporator, and therefore undergoes less pressure drop due to the evaporator 11.
    As particularly visible in FIGS. 2, 3, 4, 5a and 5b, the installation also comprises an air filtration device 12.
    This device 12 is arranged in the feed channel 9 upstream of the evaporator 11 relative to the air flow F, preferably at a distance of less than 50 cm, preferably less than 10 cm, the filter being disposed in abutment against the evaporator.
    As can be seen in FIG. 3, the bypass member 10 is configured to at least partially bypass the evaporator 11 and the filter 12.
    Thus, when the bypass member is in the bypass position, the ventilation air passes through neither the evaporator 11 nor the filter 12, which reduces the pressure drop experienced by the air flow.
    According to a variant, it can be envisaged, particularly if the water heater treats the air blown into the housing, to filter the air even if the bypass member is in the bypass position.
    Preferably, the installation 1 comprises a means for controlling the position of the bypass member 10. This control means is not shown in the figures. It may be for example an actuator, for example synchronous motor type or stepper or a heat cylinder wax.
    Advantageously, the control means is configured to position the bypass member according to the operating state of the water heater, as will be described later.
    According to different variants, it is envisaged that the control means discretely directs the bypass member, so that the bypass member is adapted to occupy only the two extreme positions of bypass and passage or, conversely, the control means continuously directs the bypass member into intermediate positions and the extreme bypass and passage positions.
    In addition, in order to make the system reliable, one or more control means can be implemented. This control means is not shown in the figures. It can be for example a limit switch (switch) or rotary (continuous type potentiometer), and can report any abnormal positioning.
    Advantageously, the control means is adapted to position the bypass member 10 in the passage position in a first period of the day and to position the bypass member in a bypass position in a second period of the day.
    Thus, if the water heater is running during a so-called off-peak period and off during a so-called full-time period, the bypass member is in the transit position during the off-peak period and in position bypass during the peak period. Thus the thermodynamic water heater works when electricity costs less.
    Advantageously, the installation 1 comprises a means for controlling an operating setpoint parameter of the central fan 5 as a function of the position of passage or bypass of the bypass device 10.
    For the entire housing, the control means can manage the instruction if and only if all the bypass members are in the same position of passage or bypass, or if a majority of the bypass members are in the same position of passage or bypass or only a category of them, particularly the bypass devices equipping the most disadvantaged housing pressure, that is to say, generally the furthest away from the central fan.
    The setpoint parameter is for example the fan speed, the pressure or the flow rate or a combination thereof, namely a preprogrammed operating curve.
    Advantageously, the installation comprises a means for measuring the air pressure in the air supply channel, preferably the pressure measuring means being a depressometer.
    A depresostat is a pressure measuring means which detects the exceeding of a predetermined threshold pressure value.
    This measuring means is advantageously arranged upstream of the bypass member relative to the air flow F.
    The pressure requirement of the installation depends on the position of the bypass member, so it is advantageous to regulate the operation of the central fan by the pressure measurement.
    In other words, the depresostat is linked to the central fan 5.
    As can be seen in FIG. 6, according to another embodiment of the invention, the installation 1 comprises an additional fan 13 to compensate for the pressure drops experienced by the air flow F during the passage of the evaporator 11. and / or filter 12 clogging over time or to meet a specific need related to a demand for ventilation of the housing equipped with the additional fan 13, for example by an occupant. In FIG. 6, the fan 13 is arranged in the channel 9, upstream of the evaporator 11 relative to the air flow F in the channel 9. It is also possible to arrange the fan 13 downstream of the evaporator 11 and or the filter 12.
    The additional fan 13 is operated preferably during the heating of the water, to compensate for the pressure drop of the evaporator and / or the filter, being controlled or not in pressure taken upstream of the latter, while in shutdown mode of the water heater, the bypass device is put in the bypass position and the fan 13 can be stopped or turn on only during specific requests from the occupant of the housing.
    A pressure measuring sensor, such as a de-pressure switch, is advantageously associated with the additional fan 13 in order to regulate the operation of the fan 13 and the central fan 5. The installation 1 may be provided with one or more thermodynamic water heaters. , each of these thermodynamic water heaters may or may not be equipped with a bypass member 10.
    The operation of the control system, which is already apparent from the description of the installation 1, will now be described in a preferred embodiment.
    In this mode, the control means positions in the passage position the bypass member when the water heater is in operating condition, for example in off-peak hours, and in the bypass position when the water heater is in a state of operation. shutdown, for example in peak hours (where energy is the most expensive).
    When the water heater is off, the path of the ventilation air is not disturbed by crossing the filter and the evaporator, which reduces the pressure losses, as already explained.
    The means for controlling the operating setpoint parameter of the central fan 5 makes it possible to adjust the operation of the fan 5 as a function of the position of passage or bypass of the bypass member 10: when the water heater is off, the fan control means controls a reduction in the speed of rotation of the fan and / or a reduction in pressure and / or flow, depending on the type of operation (constant, linear or to overcome) of the fan. This reduction has the effect of optimizing the energy required for the operation of the fan, and reducing the noise emitted by the fan as well as limiting the excess pressure and thus limiting the overflow of the air vents , so a loss of heating.
    On the contrary, when the water heater is running, the control means controls an increase in the rotational speed of the fan and / or pressure and / or flow so as to provide sufficient pressure to ensure proper operation of the heater. 'installation.
    Thus, the installation according to the present invention makes it possible to reduce the consumption of electrical energy necessary for its operation, because of the optimization of the operation of the central fan according to the position of the bypass member, itself dependent on the state of operation or shutdown of the thermodynamic water heater.
    To do this, the installation is advantageously provided with electronic equipment known to those skilled in the art, such as serial wiring or an electronic card.
    Another advantage lies in reducing the noise generated by the central fan, for example when its speed is reduced during the shutdown of the thermodynamic water heater (s).
    As the ventilation is generally of permanent operation, another advantage of the present invention lies in the fact that the filter and the evaporator of the water heater are not traversed continuously by the ventilation air, which increases their service life. by reducing their "fouling" by pollution particles. The subject of the invention is also a thermodynamic water heater comprising the evaporator in the supply channel of the installation and an at least partial bypass member 10 of the evaporator 11 of the thermodynamic water heater 4, movable between a passage position in which the air passes through the evaporator 11 and a bypass position in which the air at least partially bypasses the evaporator 11. The plant according to the present invention may also comprise other heating devices and / or refreshing the dwellings in which the thermodynamic water heater (s) can be integrated.
    Thus, the skilled person may optionally enslave the position of the bypass member not only to the state of the thermodynamic water heater but also to operating states of other heating devices and / or cooling of housing.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    1. Ventilation installation (1) of a set (2) of housings (3) comprising at least two housings, at least one of the housings being provided with a thermodynamic water heater (4), said installation (1) ) comprising: - at least one central fan (5) capable of circulating the air between said fan (5) and each of said housings (3), and - at least one air supply duct (9) of the heater thermodynamic water (4) in fluidic relation with said at least one fan (5), said channel (9) comprising at least a partial bypass member (10) of an evaporator (11) of the thermodynamic water heater (4), movable between a passage position in which the air passes through the evaporator (11) and a bypass position in which the air at least partially bypasses the evaporator (11).
    [2]
    2. Installation according to claim 1, comprising means for controlling the position of the bypass member (10), said control means being configured to position the bypass member according to an operating state of the heater. thermodynamic water (4).
    [3]
    3. Installation according to one of claims 1 or 2, comprising a control means adapted to position the bypass member (10) in the passage position in a first period of the day and to position the bypass member in position bypass in a second period of the day.
    [4]
    4. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 3, comprising means for controlling a setpoint parameter of the central fan (5) according to the position of passage or bypass of the bypass member (10) to less partial of the evaporator (11).
    [5]
    5. Installation according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a means for measuring the air pressure in the air supply channel.
    [6]
    6. Installation according to claim 5, wherein the pressure measuring means is a depressometer.
    [7]
    7. Installation according to one of the preceding claims, comprising an air filter element (12) passing through the evaporator (11) disposed in the air supply channel (9).
    [8]
    8. Installation according to claim 7, wherein the bypass member (10) is configured to at least partially bypass the evaporator (11) and the air filtration element (12) of the water heater. thermodynamic.
    [9]
    9. Installation according to one of the preceding claims, comprising an additional fan (13) disposed in the feed channel (9).
    [10]
    10. Installation according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least two housings are provided with a thermodynamic water heater (4) and at least one of these thermodynamic water heaters is provided with a bypass member (4). 10).
    [11]
    11. Thermodynamic water heater adapted to equip a ventilation installation according to one of claims 1 to 10, comprising the evaporator in the supply channel and an at least partial bypass member (10) of the evaporator (11). ) of the thermodynamic water heater (4) movable between a passage position in which air passes through the evaporator (11) and a bypass position in which the air at least partially bypasses the evaporator (11) .
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1453704|2014-04-24|
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