• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
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    • 专利摘要:
    Loading box (1) which can be integrated into a transport vehicle, comprising an unloading device using a bottom belt (9) fixed at one of its ends to a winding drum (11) arranged under the unloading bay, around which it is wound under the action of a first power system (13), and driving a movable wall (6) fixed to its opposite end, characterized in that one or more chains (27) extending longitudinally around it 'as many deflection gears (29) placed on a transverse axis located under the unloading bay and as many drive gears (28) placed on a transverse axis arranged under the opposite end of the body, are linked to the movable wall (6) by means of one or more connecting pieces (30) and are driven by a second power system (32) via a gear (31) actuating the drive pinions (28 ) synchronously with the winding of the floor mat (9) induced by the action of the system power (13) driving the winding drum (11).
    公开号:BE1022616B1
    申请号:E2014/5104
    申请日:2014-12-05
    公开日:2016-06-16
    发明作者:Victor Joskin
    申请人:Ets Joskin S.A.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DEVICE FOR ASSISTING THE UNLOADING OF A TRAILER
    TRANSPORT TO CARPET ROLLER
    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a device for assisting the unloading of a bulk or packaged product transport case, placed in a fixed or dismountable manner on a structure provided with a generally unspecified running gear. (for road, off-road, railway, etc.), and equipped with a rolling bottom mat, a movable wall, preferably frontal, accompanying the material transported during its unloading and an unloading bay performed by any device opening the opposite wall, preferably rear, of the transport case.
    STATE OF THE ART [0002] Various devices for unloading a non-tilting transport box by means of a wrap-around conveyor belt carrying the load of the box towards the unloading bay and driving the mobile wall arranged on the side opposite to the unloading bay are known from the state of the art. Such devices are described in particular in documents US 3,498,482 A, DE 201 17 346 U1, EP 2 497 684 A1 and JP 5328228 B2.
    As indicated by the succession of the aforementioned documents, the device developed through these various successive solutions suffers from different difficulties.
    Already in 1968, the document US 3,498,482 A indicates that the vehicles provided with an active carpet on which a load is transported between the side walls and a movable front wall associated with the carpet moving with the latter during unloading The load is well known, but in the case of a loose load or composed of particles, vibrations occurring during vehicle travel compact the load, causing difficulties in starting / moving the belt and the movable wall.
    US 3,498,482 A proposes a device in which, on the one hand, a bottom mat, which can be wound around an active drum disposed under the rear discharge bay, is connected to the opposite movable wall, it -Even linked to a return cable (s) actuated by a winch located under the body, and secondly, the bottom structure is provided with compressed air injection pipes by an onboard compressor. The carpet / movable wall / return cable connection is made so that the connecting shaft can perform almost a complete revolution before causing the mobile wall to move when the device is actuated in one direction or the other. . When unloading, the carpet moves a few centimeters before the mobile wall begins to accompany it, which is supposed to "shake" the load to uncompress, · in addition, the compressed air injected under the carpet is meaning to "lift" the latter. The set is supposed to help counter the blockage of the load. However, this device involves a complex assembly of production and distribution of compressed air, and a fragile connection at the front connection shaft, start / stop shocks being very likely to damage the carpet and / or the return cable (s).
    [0006] DE 201 17 346 U1 proposes a radically different device. In this document, rather than pulling the movable wall using the winding carpet, it is proposed to move the carpet by pushing the movable front wall by means of a device combining holding / push bridge, wheels and cylinders. The bottom mat, whose length is slightly greater than the length of the body, has one end fixed to the movable wall and / or the holding / pushing bridge. Its opposite end, rotating around a return drum located under the unloading bay, is fixed to one or more chains extending forward, rotating around a front pinion and the other end is fixed to the easel. When the movable wall is pushed backwards for unloading, the chain or chains, pulled by the easel, causes the belt around the rear return drum, which has the effect of unloading the material. The device is actually essentially based on a complex and very robust assembly bridge, driven by a heavy and expensive telescopic cylinder counteracting by the force exerted the problem evoked by US 3,498,482 A. The construction is more complex, it loses the advantageous action of the thrust cylinder since it is actually limited to pull the carpet via the chain (s) of recall. The solution to the problem evoked actually comes from the multiplier effect of the two return devices, rear drum and pinion (s) before, and the distance between them.
    EP 2 497 684 A1, already proposed by the inventor, returns to a device similar to that improved by US 3,498,482 A, comprising a carpet wound under the rear bay, a movable wall attached to the front end of the carpet, and a return cable pulled around a front pulley by a winch placed under the body. To counter the possible blockage of the transported material, EP 2 497 684 A1 proposes a bridge provided with wheels moving on guide rails and synthetic slides facilitating the sliding of the carpet during its movement. It appears, however, that this device remains insufficient in the case of very heavy loads for which both the power system of the rear drum winding carpet and the structure of the carpet itself should be excessively reinforced.
    Guided by the objective of increasing the loading volume of a road transport case equipped with a cargo conveying device to load and unload the latter, the document JP 5328228 B2 proposes to reduce the height of the conveying device. The device of JP 5328228 B2 firstly comprises a mat whose end is fixed to a drum placed under the opening bay and the other end is fixed to a movable partition, secondly two endless chains extending from one end to the other. other of the loading surface, third is a drive chain of the drum reel at one end of the drum, and quarto is a drive shaft located under the opening bay of the body, forming part of a power system unique under the rear end of the transport crate, and can cause both chains running the body length and drive chains of the carpet drum drum. The movable wall is also attached to the endless chains running the length of the box. These chains are moved by the drive shaft to bring the movable partition forward of the body during the loading phase of the cargo, the carpet then freely following the partition to carry the cargo forward . The drive chain of the take-up drum then rotates freely around the drive shaft. To bring the cargo back to the opening bay, the same drive shaft drives the drive chain of the take-up drum, which then winds the belt, which has the effect of transporting the cargo backwards, the moving partition following the and freely driving the chains running the length of the box, these chains then rotating freely around the drive shaft. To switch from driving the drum drive chain to the drive chains of the moving wall, the drive shaft cooperates with one or more clutches. These clutches are composed of a central bearing having movable lugs and two lateral crowns having oblong grooves of decreasing depth in which the movable lugs move. Depending on the direction of rotation of the drive shaft, the lugs are pushed completely towards one or the other side ring, causing the corresponding chain. This device, clearly designed to provide a small footprint of a conveyor disposed in a closed transport case, does not actually provide a system for unlocking a bulk load, even if the travel time of the lugs of a crown to the other may have the same shaking effect as the device of US 3,498,482 A. However, experience shows that the shaking effect can only be sufficient if the crate can rock.
    OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION [0009] Accordingly, the object of the invention is to propose, for conveyor belt conveyor unloading devices winding under the unloading bay and driving an opposite movable wall responsible for holding the transported material, a mixed device on the one hand to bring the unloading device in the initial position for filling the box and on the other hand to assist the unloading device, especially in the case of heavy and compacted loads.
    Dependently, the invention also aims that it can be installed in a box called "conical", that is to say, the spacing of the side walls is greater on the side of the bay unloading than the opposite side, which allows the transported material to be unpacked during its journey to the unloading bay.
    Main characteristic elements of the invention [0011] The aforementioned objectives are achieved according to the present invention by implementing an integrated loading box, removably or not, to a transport vehicle mainly for bulk materials, including a bottom body, side walls, an unloading bay optionally provided with any shutter device (movable panel or flap, at least one swinging door, tilting box, etc.), a rigid movable wall capable of moving, during unloading , from a so-called front end of the body (initial position), opposite to the unloading bay located at the rear end of the body, towards the latter (final position), a substantially hermetic bottom mat, uniform, of flexible material, preferably synthetic and endowed with a high resistance, and of length less than double the useful length between the unloading bay and said opposite end.
    A first end of the bottom mat opposite the unloading bay is secured to the movable wall, a second end thereof is attached to a reel drum disposed under the unloading bay, the reel drum being driven by a first power system allowing the inverted rotation of the drum, the winding of the bottom mat causing the concomitant movement of the movable wall integral therewith, between said opposite end and the unloading bay.
    Said body is, according to the invention, characterized in that it has one (or more) chain (s) extending around a corresponding number (that is to say one or more respectively) sprockets placed on a transverse axis located under the unloading bay and drive sprockets placed on an axis disposed under the opposite end of the box, that is to say the front end, is (are ) connected to the movable wall by means of one (or more) connecting piece (s) and is (are) driven by a second power system, known to those skilled in the art, through a gear actuating the drive gear (s).
    In this way, the mobile wall has, according to the invention, its own driving device, which results in a double advantage: - to be able to pull the movable wall towards the end of the body opposite to the unloading bay and thus bring the carpet on the loading area to initiate a new loading phase, and - conversely, pull the movable wall and the corresponding end of the carpet to the unloading bay and thus assist the drum drum in its work of winding the carpet to unload the transported material, the carpet, and thus the transported load that it supports, then being drawn simultaneously and synchronously in the same direction by its two ends.
    The pulling force provided during unloading is thus reduced by the combined action of the carpet reel and the rotation of the (or) chain (s). This has the effect of reducing the tensile stress experienced by the belt and / or to increase the displacement force printed in case of heavy load and / or compacted.
    The invention differs from JP 5328228 B2 in that, in this document, it is taught that the chains connected to the bottom mat are driven exclusively in the opposite direction to the winding of the unloading belt, and this in order bring the mobile wall forward and allow a new load. Carpet drive and reverse chain movement are mutually exclusive movements through the use of a single power system and a clutch that allows one to choose one or the other.
    Particular embodiments also include the following additional features, together or separately: the second power system is also capable of driving said chain in the direction of rotation opposite to the winding direction of the bottom mat to unwind the latter, in order to synchronously bring the movable wall and the bottom mat to said end opposite the unloading bay; - The bottom structure of the body comprises one or more sheets having at regular intervals folds forming as many valleys, each of these valleys being provided with a plurality of orifices made in the valley bottom; the box comprises a three-dimensional easel for guiding and holding the movable wall, arranged on the side of the latter not exposed to the load transported, deviating a certain distance from the mobile wall and extending over a certain width at the base of the movable wall, provided with guide means comprising a plurality of rollers, pads or lugs such that said guide means move on or in a guide channel formed in the bottom structure of the body; - The guide channel comprises at least two profiled guide rails having a gap between them and arranged so that, on each of these rails, rolls an upper roller groove and, under each of these rails, rolls a lower roller without groove; - The base of the mobile wall is provided with a wiper seal matching the profile of the bottom of the body; - The body geometry is conical, that is to say that the gap between the side walls decreases as they extend from the discharge bay to said opposite end of the body; - The movable wall is lined with semi-flexible vertical synthetic joints ensuring the sealing of the box along the side walls, regardless of the position of the movable wall; the movable wall has an open constructive structure with a cover made of transparent thermoplastic polymer material; each connecting piece also supports at least one lower guide wheel axis; - The chain is secured to the three-dimensional easel guiding and holding the movable wall, a first end of the chain being fixed to a tensioner and a second end being fixed to the connecting piece; each connecting piece comprises an adjustment device for adjusting the vertical position of the lower guide wheel or casters; - the shutter device of the unloading bay comprises a movable panel or shutter, at least one swinging door or a tilting box or is supplemented or replaced by a specific secondary unloading device of the transported material; - the specific secondary unloading device of the transported material is a system of rollers, with optional spreading plates, for the distribution of manure, sand, lime or other material with a granular structure, a transfer conveyor for crops of agricultural products or a blast turbine for the distribution of fodder or composted green waste.
    A complementary aspect of the invention relates to a method of unloading a bottom mat loading box connected to a movable wall and a drum drum, mainly for bulk materials, as described above, characterized in that the movement of the bottom mat towards the unloading bay occurs synchronously both under the action of a first power system which winds the bottom mat on the drum drum, said mat driving with it the movable wall which is secured thereto, and under the action of a second power system which causes the rotation of at least one chain connected to the movable wall around a pinion located under the unloading bay of the box and d a pinion located under the opposite end of the box.
    Advantageously, the return of the bottom mat and the movable wall towards the cash end opposite the unloading bay occurs solely under the action of the second power system causing the inverted rotation of each chain connected to the movable wall around its pinion located under the unloading bay of the box and its pinion located under the opposite end of the box.
    Advantageously, the winding of the base mat is successively actuated and stopped by means of a switching device of the two aforementioned power systems, the speed and the winding distance of the bottom mat being adjusted in a fine manner. and regular by means of a regulating device of the two aforementioned power systems.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES [0021] An embodiment of the invention is described below in greater detail with the help of the appended figures showing general and close views of a transport case according to the invention, a part of components of the body that may not have been represented to improve the visibility on the device (technique of "skinned"). In this example, the movable wall is the front wall and the unloading bay, located at the rear of the body, is closed by means of a tilting box.
    Figure 1 shows an example of a trailer comprising a device according to the invention in standby position bulk loading or similar load. The base mat is in the fully unwound position and the movable wall is in the front position.
    Figure 2 shows the trailer comprising a device according to the invention at the beginning of the unloading phase.
    Figure 3 shows the bodies located under the unloading bay of the trailer.
    Figure 4 shows the trailer comprising a device according to the invention approximately halfway to the unloading phase.
    Figure 5 shows the trailer comprising a device according to the invention at the end of the unloading phase.
    Figures 6, 7 and 8 show detailed views of the front of the trailer comprising a device according to the invention.
    Figure 9 shows an overview of the trailer comprising a device according to the invention, some components have not been shown or having been only partially to distinguish the internal organs.
    Figure 10 shows a detail of the front part of the trailer comprising a device according to the invention, some constituent elements not shown or only partially to distinguish the internal organs.
    Figure 11 shows examples of complementary implementation of a trailer comprising a device according to the invention, illustrating various unloading devices.
    The invention is further explained by means of a non-limiting description of certain detail elements.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0032] The objectives of the invention are achieved by means of a transport case made from a light structure comprising smooth side walls of any design and a bottom supported by a series of sleepers, they themselves supported by longitudinal members, which may be part of the carrier frame or not depending on whether we conceive the connection of the body to its carrier frame as permanent or not.
    Preferably, the bottom consists of plates provided, at regular intervals, valleys in which are reserved orifices for the evacuation of any residues that could have slipped between the bottom and the bottom mat.
    Also preferably, the side walls deviate as they approach the unloading bay, forming a box called "conical".
    The bottom is completely covered with a mat made of a material whose flexibility allows the winding of the belt around a drum and whose resistance is compatible with the payload of the trailer increased by the weight of a mobile body wall (see below) and aggressive parameters of the type of load envisaged. This carpet can be made in one piece or in sectional manner, the important thing being that the assembled result ensures the tight coverage of the integral surface of the bottom of the body and can be wound in the form of a cylinder of compact diameter. The transport crate further includes an unloading bay. In a preferred but non-exclusive form of the invention, this bay is located at the rear relative to the normal direction of travel of the traction vehicle and comprises any sealing means, for example a panel or mobile box, a door opening to one or more leaves, a shutter opening by any device, etc.
    In contrast to the unloading bay is disposed a movable wall which is fixed only by its base to the base mat, by means of suitable fastening devices. This movable wall is provided with a guiding and holding device. In a preferred form of the invention, this guiding and holding device does not use the side walls of the box because these are likely to deform as a result of the aggression of the transported loads and / or handling vehicles filling the body, and because the upper part of the side walls should remain free to have a system of tarpaulin. Nevertheless, to seal the movable wall along the side walls, two joints are arranged along the vertical edges of the movable wall. These joints consist of a material, such as for example rubber, sufficiently hard to withstand the inertia and abrasion of the transported material when it is unloaded and, in case of conical body, sufficiently flexible to compensate for the progressive separation of the side walls, the width of the joints being provided accordingly.
    One possible form of the device for guiding and holding the movable wall consists of a three-dimensional easel disposed on the side of the movable wall which is not exposed to the load transported. The base extends more or less widely in front of the wall to guide it to a greater or lesser width and it extends more or less away from the wall to support the upper part of it. ci with a bearing angle to maintain the wall in its constructive position, and to resist the pressure exerted on the movable wall by the portion of the transported load which is contiguous thereto.
    The base of the bridge is equipped with guide means which will move on or in a guide channel to guide the movement of the movable wall. The guide channel is constituted for example by two rails in the form of an inverted "L" (head down), arranged vis-a-vis with a central spacing through which the guide means at the base of the bridge. They are arranged between two bottom sheets, preferably slightly spaced from the latter to allow the evacuation of any residues.
    In a preferred embodiment also facilitating the movement of the movable wall, the guide means at the base of the bridge are advantageously constituted by a set of wheels, some of which, including a central groove, are mounted in so that their groove rolls directly on the rails of the guide channel when the movable wall moves, and others, without groove, are mounted at a lower height, so that when moving the movable wall, they roll under the guide channel rails for guiding movement of the movable wall, preventing oscillation thereof to the unloading bay and centering the winding of the base mat.
    In a preferred embodiment, the rails under which roll the lower rollers are provided, on the side of the passage of the support axis of the rollers, a flange for guiding the wheel perfectly in the axis of the rail (for example, inverted "J" shape).
    In a preferred form also, the guide rails are arranged partially embedded in the sleepers of the body structure, to maximize the useful height of the body. Therefore, a cut is made in the sleepers at the place of the passage of the guide channel.
    In a preferred form also, the base of the movable partition or the bridge is provided with a wiper seal of relatively hard material, matching the profile of the bottom plates, so that when the movable wall moves, the residues possibly present under the carpet are pushed towards the valleys of the bottom then evacuated by the orifices practiced in these valleys.
    The wheels, their number and their position are not characterizing elements of the invention. The guiding means could as well consist of pads, lugs or any other device known to those skilled in the art and allowing sliding. For trailers intended for the transport of particularly heavy loads, it could also provide more than one guide channel and a greater number of lower and / or higher rollers.
    Similarly, the connection of the movable wall to the carpet is performed according to any device, as long as the connection is sufficiently strong not to be torn off when the carpet must drive the movable wall which is under pressure, although proportionately low but nevertheless real, of the load transported.
    The opposite end of the bottom mat is fixed by means of any device on a drum drum positioned under the bottom structure, set back from the end of the box located on the side of the unloading bay. . This drum drum is fixed on a drive shaft, itself driven by a power device responsible for driving the rotation of the drum in the direction of traction of the belt.
    The winding drum drive power system, referred to in this first power system disclosure, comprises one or more gears driven together or individually either by one or more hydraulic or electric motors, or by the mechanical power system, hydraulic or electric traction vehicle. The selected power system must allow rotation in the opposite direction to the winding, when the movable wall and the mat are removed to the other end of the crate to prepare it for a new load.
    In order to assist the winding of the bottom mat, especially in the case of heavy load, especially in bulk and potentially compacted by the jolts of rolling to transport, but also to bring the movable wall and the bottom mat into loading position, at least one chain is disposed inside the guide channel so that it can rotate about two pinions disposed respectively at each of the two ends of the box by means of transverse shafts. This chain is not necessarily an endless chain because its stroke is limited to the stroke of the carpet or the moving wall. However, it is connected to the base of the movable wall or of the holding bridge at one of its ends by means of a rigid connecting device replacing one or more of its links and at the other end thereof by means of 'a tensioner. The invention provides that any of the transverse shafts supporting the aforementioned pinions, preferably chosen as a function of the space available in the bottom structure, is driven by any power device, referred to in this disclosure as the second power system. , to drive the rotation of the shaft and thus the chain in both directions. When winding the carpet for unloading, this power device actuates the chain in the direction of movement of the carpet. In doing so, the chain carries with it the movable wall and therefore the end of the carpet opposite to its winding drum. As a result, the carpet is pulled by its two ends and the device makes it possible to move and unload the heavier and more compact loads, of course within the limits of the strength of the body structure and chassis with undercarriage which support it.
    The second power system may be independent of the first, as long as it is synchronized with it. By way of example, it is possible to use two hydraulic motors powered by the same circuit, the oil balancing itself between the motor of the winder and that of the chain according to the demand of each of the systems.
    The type and number of chains, sprockets and links of the chain to the movable wall are not characterizing elements of the invention. In a preferred embodiment, the device comprises a single chain connected to the base of the bridge for holding and guiding the movable wall by means of a connecting piece also including the or the axes of maintenance of the lower guide rollers. The unloading assistance power is thus exerted on the element preventing the tilting of the movable wall towards the material transported, so that the wall is not caused to push on the material and confines itself to its role. keeping the material.
    After unloading, the second power device operates the chain in the opposite direction so that the movable wall and the belt are brought to the opposite end to the unloading bay, in the waiting position to receive a new loading.
    DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION [0051] In the following description, similar elements in the illustrations are affected as far as possible by identical numerical references. All dimensions described or suggested herein are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which may deviate from these dimensions.
    Figure 1 illustrates a working phase in which a transport trailer according to the invention, or more generally a means of transport according to the invention, is ready to be loaded (e). It represents a loading box 1 of this transport trailer, according to the invention, which has also been shown the support frame 2 and the drawbar 3, two elements irrelevant to the invention, but indicating the normal direction of progress of the trailer. The loading box 1 is composed of side walls 4, a rear door 5 designed in this example as a pivoting closure box at the rear of the side walls 4, a movable wall 6 located in the working position illustrated, between the front ends of the side walls 4, and a bottom structure 7.
    Figure 2 shows the same loading box 1, in a work phase ready for unloading, where the rear door 5 has pivoted upwards under the action of door cylinders 8, thus releasing an unloading bay at the back of the trailer. The clearance of the unloading bay in this Figure 2 suggests the bottom mat 9 disposed on the entire surface of the bottom structure 7.
    Figure 3 shows a partial view of the lower side of the transport case 1, in the part located under the rear unloading bay. The base mat 9 wraps around the winding drum 11 under the action of a gear 12 driven by a hydraulic motor 13. In practice, the exemplary embodiment considered provides a second gear 12 and a second motor hydraulic 13 on the opposite side of the winding drum 11. The winding device of the base mat 9 is advantageously completed by a return drum 14 under which is disposed a scraper 15 mounted on a support 16.
    Figure 4 shows the aforementioned loading box 1 from the top, during the unloading process. Under the action of the winding drum 11, not visible in this illustration since it is located under the loading box 1, the base mat 9 retreats towards the rear, attracting with it the movable wall 6, at the same time as the transported material, not shown. This movement has the effect of discharging the material at the rear of the trailer, without the dome of transported material is poured forward of the loading box 1 since the front wall 6 also moves backwards. Compared to a moving floor without displacement of the front wall, the user will gain in terms of unloading time, since he must not wait for the material dropped to be discharged into the part that is gradually disengaged at the front of the body during the rotation of the moving floor. With respect to the trailers with a front end wall, the mobile wall 6 undergoes only a minimal stress, equivalent to the pressure of the material which rests directly on it, and not to the weight of all the material contained in the loading crate 1.
    [0056] FIG. 4 further explicitly shows the structure of the bottom of the body 7, composed of a set of sheets provided with folds forming valleys 36 (better visible in FIG. 7), themselves provided with orifices evacuation of any residues. This structure having openings allows extremely easy maintenance of the interior of the loading box 1 when the base mat 9 has been fully wound on the rear drum 11. The residual materials non-sticky fall naturally under the action of the scraper 20 located at the base of the movable wall 6 (see Figures 6 and 7), during the displacement of the latter, and the auxiliary liquid, for example the water of a high-pressure cleaner, will follow the same path.
    Figure 5 illustrates the end of the unloading process of the loading box 1. The winding process of the bottom mat 9 is completed, the movable wall 6 has joined the rear end, ending up dumping all the material transported.
    Figure 6 shows a close view of the movable wall 6 in the default position, that is to say the side of the loading box 1 opposite the unloading bay. In the exemplary illustrated embodiment, this position is located at the front of the load case 1.
    The movable wall 6 is composed of a partition 17 made here using a structure composed for example of a reinforced frame of one or more sleepers and covered with a plate 10 made for example of polymer transparent thermoplastic (the reason for which the spaces between the frame and the rails appear empty in Figure 6 but full in Figure 5) to provide the driver of the traction vehicle maximum visibility on the material transported. Apart from the transparent nature of the cover plate 10, the construction of this partition 17 is not a characterizing element of the patent, as long as it is sufficiently resistant.
    The movable wall 6 further comprises a fastening device 18 which secures it with the bottom mat 9. Again, the construction of this fastener 18 is not characterizing, it being understood that it must be a state of ensuring durably the uniform traction of the movable wall 6 by the base mat 9.
    The movable wall 6 further comprises a guide and holding bridge 19 which, as indicated by its name, is intended to keep the movable wall 6 continuously perpendicular to the side walls 4, which will have the side effect of guaranteeing the smooth and in-line winding of the bottom mat 9, and to maintain the movable wall 6 in the angle of its construction, that is to say to prevent it from tilting or oscillating back and forth and vice versa. under the effect of the pressure of the transported load and / or its own displacement and / or any other foreseeable force (wind, wind, etc.).
    A possible embodiment of the device for guiding and maintaining the bridge 19 is explained in Figures 7 and 8.
    In Figure 7, there is the body bottom structure 7 and the wiper seal 20 which matches the shape to remove any residues through the orifices in the valleys 36 of the bottom 7. A set of upper rollers 21, four in the illustrated embodiment without such a number has characterizing value, is also disposed at the base of the guide and holding bridge 19. These upper rollers 21 are each arranged in the longitudinal axis one of the guide rails 22 constituting a guide channel 24 and roll on these rails 22 when the bottom mat 9 and the movable wall 6 move towards the unloading bay. This device combining guide rails 22 and upper rollers 21 has the effect of reducing the tensile force exerted on the movable wall 6 during its displacement as well as the pressure force exerted on the background carpet 9 when it slides on the bottom structure 7 during its winding around the drum drum 11.
    Figure 8 also shows a set of lower rollers 23, two in number in the illustrated embodiment without such a number has a characterizing value, structurally fixed to the bridge 19 but whose height position corresponds at the height of the interior of the rails 22, designed in such a way as to provide the guide channel 24 which holds and guides the lower rollers 23.
    Figure 7 also shows a protective cover 25 disposed in the center of the base of the bridge 19. This protective cover 25 is intended to protect the guide channel 24 when the machine is in the loading phase and / or transport This prevents the material from being deposited at the place where the upper central rollers 21 and the lower rollers 23 will have to pass at the beginning of the unloading phase. The protective cover 25 is also used for fixing the lower rollers 23, fastening completed by an adjustment nut 26 (also visible in FIG. 10) making it possible to adjust the vertical position of the lower rollers 23 with respect to the height of the guiding 24, as well as fixing the chain tensioner 34.
    Figure 9 shows a general cutaway view of the bottom of the body according to the invention. In the guide channel 24 is arranged a chain 27 extending around a front drive pinion 28 and a rear idler gear 29. The chain 27 is provided with a connecting piece 30 solidarisant the chain 27 with the bridge 19. A gear 31 actuated by any power system, here a hydraulic motor 32, can move the chain 27 in both directions. The power system 32 of the chain 27 is synchronized with the power system 13 of the winding drum 11 of the belt 9, so that the movement speeds of the belt 9 and the chain 27 are identical in the unloading phase. At unloading, the chain 27 thus assists the winding drum 11 through the connecting piece 30, each pulling in the same direction by one end of the belt 9. In the opposite direction where the belt 9 and the movable wall 6 are returned to the initial position forward, the power system 13 rotates freely and only the power system 32 drives the whole, the chain 27 serving as a return device via the connecting piece 30.
    10 shows a cutaway view of the front portion of the guide channel 24 and the base of the bridge 19. There are two of the upper guide rollers 21, a bearing 33 of the lower roller 23, the chain 27, the drive gear 28, the gear 31, the hydraulic motor 32, the connecting piece 30, the adjusting nut 26 and the chain tensioner 34. It can be seen that the connecting piece 30 also integrates the shaft lower rollers 23, so that the threaded shaft leading to the nut 26 allows both to make the connection to the bridge 19 and adjust the height of the lower rollers 23, ensuring at the same time a maintenance of the chain 27.
    One end of the chain 27 is fixed to the tensioner 34, integrated with the bridge 19, the other end being fixed to the connecting piece 30, itself also fixed to the bridge 19. The tensioner 24 allows to to compensate for the lengthening of the chain 27 which occurs when it is set in motion, under the effect of the traction exerted by the drive pinion 28. At the beginning of the unloading cycle, the traction force affects indeed the almost total length of the chain 27, from the links located around the drive pinion 28 to the link fixed to the connecting piece 30. Depending on the mass to be moved, the chain 27 can then be extended by several centimeters which will be compensated by the extension of the springs 35 of the tensioner 34. When the drive pinion 28 drives the base mat 9 towards the unloading bay, the springs 35 of the tensioner 34 are indeed relieved of the traction of the chain. 27, c it is no longer subjected to tensile stress in its portion between the link located at the output of the drive pinion 28 and the link attached to the tensioner 34. This elongation of the chain 27 decreases as and when the bridge 19 of the movable wall 6 moves towards the unloading bay, the chain portion 27 subjected to tensile stress decreasing concomitantly.
    In Figure 11, there is illustrated other examples of implementation of the invention, respectively showing: - in Figure 11A, an application in the case of a manure spreader; - In Figure 11B, an application in the case of a spreader trays for fertilizer, salt, sand, lime or other material with a granular structure; - In Figure 11C, an application in the case of a fodder distribution trailer with shredding turbine and projection at the rear of the trailer; - In Figure 11D, an application in the case of a transhipment trailer equipped with a rear hopper directing the spilled material to a worm which transfers it to another machine.
    These examples are not limiting: they can be extended as far as the imagination of the man can add one or more accessories to the unloading device.
    Notwithstanding the fact that the present invention has been set forth by means of a detailed description in which different variant embodiments and different aspects of the invention have been explained, one skilled in the art will see that the full scope of the invention is not limited to the examples presented here. The invention has a scope that is proportional to the claims of this patent, including any elements or aspects that would be considered equivalent to those set forth in the main or dependent claims.
    List of marks 1. Cargo box 2. Frame 3. Drawbar 4. Side walls 5. Rear door 6. Movable wall 7. Bottom structure 8. Rear door cylinders 9. Carpet 10. Transparent plate 11. Drum drum 12. Drum gear 13. Hydraulic motor (1st power system) 14. Drum drum 15. Squeegee 16. Squeegee holder 17. Movable wall partition 18. Mobile wall attachment device 19 Bracket and retainer 20. Wiper seal 21. Upper castors 22. Guide rails 23. Lower castors 24. Guide channel 25. Protective cover 26. Adjustment nut 27. Chain 28. Drive sprocket 29. Pinion 30. Connecting piece 31. Gearbox 32. Hydraulic motor (2nd power system) 33. Lower caster bearing 34. Chain tensioner 35. Spring (s) 36. Bottom valleys
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1]
    1. Loading box (1) integrable with a transport vehicle mainly for bulk materials, comprising a bottom of box (7), side walls (4), an unloading bay optionally provided with a shutter device (5). ), a rigid movable wall (6) able to move, during unloading, an end of the body opposite the unloading bay to the latter, a bottom mat (9) covering the entire bottom of the body (7), fixed on one side to the movable wall (6) and on the other side to a drum drum (11) arranged under the discharge bay and driven by a first power system (13), characterized in that it further comprises at least one chain (27) with a drive pinion (28) and a pinion gear (29), said chain (27) extending longitudinally between its pinion gear (29) placed on a transverse axis located under the unloading bay and its drive pinion (28) pl acé on a transverse axis disposed under the opposite end of the box, said chain (27) being connected to the movable wall (6) by means of at least one connecting piece (30), allowing the driving of the wall mobile (6) by a second power system (32) via a gear (31) actuating the drive gear (28), so that said chain (27) is able to drive the movable wall ( 6) to the unloading bay of the box (1) synchronously with the winding of the base mat (9) induced by the action of the first power system (13) driving the drum drum (11).
    [2]
    2. Cargo box (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the second power system (32) is also adapted to drive said chain (27) in the direction of rotation opposite to the winding direction of the bottom mat (9) for unwinding the latter, in order to synchronously bring the movable wall (6) and the bottom mat (9) to said end opposite the unloading bay.
    [3]
    Cargo crate (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom structure (7) comprises one or more plates having at regular intervals folds forming as many valleys (36), each of these valleys ( 36) being provided with a plurality of orifices made in the valley floor.
    [4]
    4. Case load (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a three-dimensional easel (19) for guiding and holding the movable wall (6), arranged on the side thereof not exposed to the transported load, deviating a certain distance from the movable wall (6) and extending over a certain width at the base of the movable wall (6), provided with guide means comprising a plurality of rollers (21, 23 ), pads or pins such that said guide means move on or in a guide channel (24) formed in the bottom structure (7).
    [5]
    5. Loading box according to claim 4, characterized in that the guide channel (24) comprises at least two profiled guide rails (22) having a gap between them and arranged so that, on each of these rails, rolls a upper caster with groove (21) and, under each of these rails, rolls a lower caster (23) without a groove.
    [6]
    6. Loading box (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the base of the movable wall (6) is provided with a wiper seal (20) conforming to the profile of the bottom of the body (7).
    [7]
    Loading crate (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the body geometry is tapered, i.e. the distance between the side walls (4) decreases as they extend from the unloading bay to said opposite end of the box.
    [8]
    Loading crate (1) according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the movable wall (6) is provided with semi-flexible vertical synthetic joints which seal the box along the side walls (4), whatever the position of the movable wall (6).
    [9]
    9. Cargo box (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable wall (6) has an open constructive structure with a cover made of transparent thermoplastic polymer material.
    [10]
    Loading crate (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that each connecting piece (30) also supports at least one lower guide wheel axis (23).
    [11]
    11. Case of load (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the chain (1) is secured to the three-dimensional easel (19) for guiding and holding the movable wall (6), a first end of the chain being fixed a tensioner (34) and a second end being attached to the connecting piece (30).
    [12]
    Loading crate (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that each connecting piece (30) comprises an adjustment device (26) for adjusting the vertical position of the lower guide wheel or rollers (23).
    [13]
    Loading crate (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the closure device (5) of the unloading bay comprises a movable panel or flap, at least one swinging door or a tilting box or is completed or replaced by a secondary unloading device specific for the transported material.
    [14]
    Loading crate (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that the specific secondary unloading device of the conveyed material is a roller system, with optional spreading plates, for distributing manure, sand, lime or other material with a granular structure, a transfer conveyor for agricultural crops or a blast turbine for the distribution of fodder or composted green waste.
    [15]
    15. A method of unloading a loading box (1) with a bottom mat (9) connected to a movable wall (6) and a drum drum (11), mainly for bulk materials, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movement of the base mat (9) to the unloading bay occurs synchronously both under the action of a first power system (13) which winds the bottom mat (9) on the drum drum (11), said belt (9) driving with it the movable wall (6) which is secured thereto, and under the action of a second power system (32) which causes the rotation of at least one chain (27) connected to the movable wall (6) around a pinion (29) located under the unloading bay of the body (1) and a pinion (28) located under the opposite end of the box (1).
    [16]
    16. Unloading method according to claim 15, characterized in that the return of the bottom mat (9) and the movable wall (6) towards the body end (1) opposite to the unloading bay occurs only under the action of the second power system (32) causing the inverted rotation of each chain (27) connected to the movable wall (6) around its pinion (29) located under the unloading bay of the body (1) and of its pinion (28) located under the opposite end of the box (1).
    [17]
    Unloading method according to claim 15, characterized in that the winding of the base mat (9) is successively actuated and stopped by means of a switching device of the two aforementioned power systems (13, 32). speed and the winding distance of the bottom mat (9) being adjusted in a fine and regular manner by means of a regulating device of the two aforementioned power systems (13, 32).
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    PL3028895T3|2018-04-30|
    EP3028895B1|2017-09-27|
    BE1022616A1|2016-06-16|
    BE1022616A9|2016-10-07|
    EP3028895A1|2016-06-08|
    ES2648807T3|2018-01-08|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3498482A|1968-07-30|1970-03-03|Western Sawdust Products Inc|Truck-body unloading apparatus|
    US6837668B1|1999-06-15|2005-01-04|Multidrive Limited|Load carrying body|
    JP5328228B2|2008-05-26|2013-10-30|株式会社立和運輸倉庫|Vehicle handling equipment|
    US20110142585A1|2009-12-10|2011-06-16|Harvey Stewart|Light-weight live-floor module for trailers|
    DE20117346U1|2001-08-25|2002-03-28|Annaburger Nutzfahrzeug Gmbh|Loader wagon with unloading device|
    BE1019861A3|2011-03-10|2013-01-08|Joskin Ets|UNLOADING TRANSPORT TRAILER WITH ROLLER.|DE102017115419A1|2017-07-10|2019-01-10|Langendorf Gmbh|Vehicle body with sliding belt unit|
    CN113525208A|2021-08-16|2021-10-22|山东亚中车辆股份有限公司|Special vehicle|
    法律状态:
    2019-10-02| MM| Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee|Effective date: 20181231 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    BE20145104A|BE1022616A9|2014-12-05|2014-12-05|DEVICE FOR ASSISTING THE UNLOADING OF A TRANSPORT TRAILER WITH A ROLLER BELT|BE20145104A| BE1022616A9|2014-12-05|2014-12-05|DEVICE FOR ASSISTING THE UNLOADING OF A TRANSPORT TRAILER WITH A ROLLER BELT|
    PL15197074T| PL3028895T3|2014-12-05|2015-11-30|Device to assist with unloading a transport trailer with roller conveyor|
    ES15197074.6T| ES2648807T3|2014-12-05|2015-11-30|Unloading device for a tapestry transport trailer that can be rolled up|
    EP15197074.6A| EP3028895B1|2014-12-05|2015-11-30|Device to assist with unloading a transport trailer with roller conveyor|
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