• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
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    • 专利摘要:
    bedding van een spoorweg, welke bekisting een wapening omvat, geschikt voor het wapenen van de betonnen bedding en welke wapening gelagerd verbonden is aan de bekisting, waarbij de wapening gelagerd verbonden is aan minstens een deel van minstens één bevestigingsmiddel, welke bevestigingsmiddel geschikt is voor het monteren van minstens één rail aan de aan te leggen betonnen bedding en betreft verder een werkwijze voor het maken van een betonnen bedding van een spoorwegbaan gebruikmakend van de bekisting voor beton. The present invention relates to a formwork for concrete, p. ^ suitable for use in the construction of a concrete y ' bed of a railroad, which formwork comprises a reinforcement suitable for reinforcing the concrete bed and which reinforcement is mounted on the formwork, the reinforcement being mounted on at least a part of at least one fastening means, which fastening means is suitable for mounting at least one rail to the concrete bed to be laid and furthermore relates to a method for making a concrete bed of a railway track using the concrete formwork.
    公开号:BE1022445B1
    申请号:E2015/5149
    申请日:2015-03-16
    公开日:2016-03-31
    发明作者:John Vastmans；Jonge Frans De
    申请人:Top-Off naamloze vennootschap；SLEEPERS besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FORMWORK FOR CONCRETE CONDITION OF RAILWAY AND METHOD FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A RAILWAY
    TECHNICAL DOMAIN
    The invention relates to a formwork for concrete suitable for the construction of a concrete bed of a ballastless railroad and further relates to a method for the construction of a ballastless railroad.
    BACKGROUND ART
    A ballastless railroad, also known by the English term "slab track", is known in the art and refers to a railroad where the rails are directly attached to a concrete bed or concrete base and not mounted on sleepers embedded in ballast, which is the case with conventional railways. A train, a tram or a metro can, for example, travel on such a ballastless railroad.
    Ballastless railways offer many advantages compared to conventional railways. For example, they strive for correct positioning of every element that is part of the railway, such as the rails and the concrete bed, whereby the geometric parameters remain virtually unchanged over time. Furthermore, they also require less maintenance than conventional railways where, since fewer interventions are needed, the operational availability of the railway infrastructure is simultaneously increased.
    However, the criteria for constructing such ballastless railways are often much more demanding than for a conventional railroad, since they often require greater precision in terms of their alignment and finish. For example, correct positioning of the rails on the concrete bed is crucial for the construction of ballast-free railways. Furthermore, it is also important that the concrete bed is sufficiently strong to withstand the forces exerted on it, certainly in the case when the railroad is used for high-speed trains, for example.
    Methods for constructing a ballastless railroad with a view to the correct positioning of the rails on the concrete bed are known in the art. For example, EP 1 323 866 and EP 1 460 174 describe methods for constructing a ballast-free railroad, in which a concrete bed is first laid and the rail fastening elements for fixing rails on the concrete bed are provided in the concrete bed before it has cured. is correctly positioned in the concrete bed with the help of a positioning mechanism. EP 1 310 596 describes a method for making a ballastless railroad in which the concrete bed is cast around anchoring elements that allow to attach rails to the concrete bed via fixing plates that fit around the anchoring elements, whereby first temporary fixing plates, at the place where the real fastening plates are coming, are positioned with the help of a positioning mechanism (a crane) and are provided with the anchoring elements, followed by pouring and hardening concrete up to the height where the temporary fastening plates are positioned to subsequently remove the temporary fastening plates and install the real mounting plates together with the rail to form the railroad.
    A problem with the positioning mechanisms described above is that they are often cumbersome and difficult to handle, especially when tracks have to be laid in places that are difficult to reach or where there is little space such as, for example, in a tunnel, underground, on a bridge or places where there is a lot of traffic. , which makes placing the rail fastening elements as well as the rails very labor intensive and requires a lot of time. In addition, specialized staff is needed to adjust everything properly.
    There is a need for an improved method for constructing a ballastless railroad where construction can be done in a simple, unambiguous and cost-efficient manner, with a concrete bed that is sufficiently strong and has a correct finish and alignment, as well as where the rails can be attached to the concrete bed in a simple way at a correct position without the use of unwieldy, difficult to handle positioning mechanisms.
    It is an object of the present invention to find a solution to at least some of the aforementioned problems.
    The invention has for its object to provide a formwork for concrete which allows a concrete bed for a ballastless railway to be laid in a simple and cost-efficient manner, wherein the rails can be fixed in a simple manner in a correct position to the concrete bed without the use of unwieldy, difficult-to-use positioning mechanisms. A further object of the invention is to provide a method for constructing a ballastless railroad using such formwork.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    The invention relates in a first aspect to a formwork for concrete, suitable for use in the construction of a concrete bed of a railway according to claim 1.
    The formwork according to the present invention makes it possible to construct a concrete bed for a ballastless railroad in a simple and cost-efficient manner, wherein the rails can be positioned and mounted in a simple manner to the concrete bed without the use of unwieldy, difficult to use positioning mechanisms.
    In a second aspect, the invention relates to a method for constructing a ballastless railroad according to claim 14. Preferably, the method uses a concrete formwork according to claim 1.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    Figure 1 shows a schematic side view (A) and top view (B) of a formwork for concrete according to an embodiment of the present invention.
    Figure 2 shows a schematic side view (A) and top view (B) of a formwork for concrete according to another embodiment of the present invention.
    Figure 3 shows a schematic side view of a formwork for concrete according to another embodiment of the present invention.
    Figure 4 shows a schematic side view (A) and top view (B) of a formwork for concrete according to another embodiment of the present invention.
    Figure 5 shows a perspective side view of a dowel which is mounted in bearings via two positioning elements on a reinforcement of a concrete formwork according to Figure 1.
    Figure 6 gives a schematic representation of how a reinforcement can be mounted on a concrete formwork according to an embodiment of the present invention.
    Figure 7 shows a schematic side view of a concrete bed that has been laid with the aid of a concrete formwork according to Figure 2, wherein two rails are attached to the concrete bed with the aid of two fixing means.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    The invention relates to a formwork for concrete suitable for the construction of a concrete bed of a railway that allows a well-aligned and finished concrete bed to be laid in a simple, cost-efficient manner, which ensures that rails can be mounted in a correct position on the bed to form a ballastless railway.
    Unless defined otherwise, all terms used in the description of the invention, including technical and scientific terms, have the meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art of the invention. For a better assessment of the description of the invention, the following terms are explicitly explained. "A", "de" and "het" in this document refer to both the singular and the plural unless the context clearly assumes otherwise. For example, "a dowel" means one or more than one dowel.
    When "about" or "round" is used in this document for a measurable quantity, a parameter, a duration or moment, and the like, variations are meant of +/- 20% or less, preferably +/- 10% or less, more preferably +/- 5% or less, even more preferably +/- 1% or less, and even more preferably +/- 0.1% or less than and of the quoted value, insofar as such variations of are applicable in the described invention. However, it must be understood here that the value of the quantity at which the term "about" or "round" is used is itself specifically disclosed.
    The terms "include", "comprising", "consist of", "consisting of", "provided with", "contain", "containing", "include", "including", "contents", "contents" are synonyms and are inclusive or open terms indicating the presence of what follows, and which do not preclude or preclude the presence of other components, features, elements, members, steps, known from or described in the prior art.
    The citation of numerical intervals by the end points includes all integers, fractions and / or real numbers between the end points, including these end points.
    In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a formwork for concrete, suitable for use in the construction of a concrete bed of a railway, preferably a ballastless railway. The formwork comprises at least one formwork element and a reinforcement, wherein the at least one formwork element is bearing-connected to the reinforcement. In particular, the reinforcement is journalled to at least a part of at least one fixing means, which fixing means is suitable for fixing at least one rail to the concrete bed to be laid.
    The term "formwork" or "formwork for concrete", used herein as synonyms, is a term known in the art and refers to a typical temporarily applied mold or counterform formed with the help of one or more formwork elements into which concrete can enter be provided. The mold or counter-shape hereby holds the concrete in place during the provision and hardening of the concrete. Due to the bearing connection of at least one formwork element to the reinforcement, the mold or counterform preferably also holds the reinforcement in place while it is embedded in the concrete. The one or more formwork elements that form the mold or counter-shape can comprise any material known in the state of the art such as, inter alia, wood, plastic, metal, e.g. steel, or a combination of these materials and can have any shape or dimensions. The at least one formwork element is preferably plate-shaped. At the places where the formwork element holds the concrete in place during hardening, an additional coating or layer can be provided that allows the formwork element to be more easily removed from the concrete, once cured.
    The term "reinforcement" or "reinforcement for concrete", used herein as synonyms, is a term known in the art and refers to a reinforcing element that is provided in concrete to reinforce and make it more resistant to, for example, pressure or tensile forces to which the concrete is subjected. When a reinforcement is present in the concrete, "reinforced concrete" is typically used. The reinforcement according to the present invention can comprise any configuration known in the state of the art and can for instance be provided in the form of rods, nets, cables, gratings, etc. and can furthermore comprise any material known in the state of the art, such as metal, e.g. steel, fiberglass, plastic, etc. According to a preferred embodiment, the reinforcement according to the present invention comprises steel.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the formwork according to the present invention comprises at least one first plate-shaped formwork element and at least one second plate-shaped formwork element which form an upwardly open, channel-shaped construction with a base, for example a base on which a concrete bed is to be laid, and between which two plate-shaped formwork elements the reinforcement is included. In such a trough-shaped construction concrete can then be provided in which the formwork elements also determine the shape of the concrete bed to be laid, while the reinforcement between the two formwork elements is also embedded in the concrete bed. Preferably, the at least one first formwork element and the at least one second formwork element are substantially perpendicular to the substrate on which the concrete bed will be laid and they are preferably substantially parallel to each other. In this way a straight, beautifully finished concrete bed can be obtained.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the at least one formwork element is demountably connected to the reinforcement. This allows that once concrete is provided in the formwork, the at least one formwork element, which serves as a mold or counterform for making the concrete bed, can be dismantled from the reinforcement - which is then embedded in the concrete - such that at least one formwork element can be removed from the installed reinforced concrete bed and optionally recycled or reused. Bearing mounting or mounting of the reinforcement on the at least one formwork element can be done in any way known in the state of the art. For example, the reinforcement must not necessarily be directly connected to the at least one formwork element, but it may just as well be connected to the formwork element via an intermediate piece.
    The fastener according to the present invention can comprise any fastener known in the prior art for fastening at least one rail to a concrete bed. WO 2014 198 585, WO 2014 184 059 and WO 2009 043 822 illustrate non-limiting examples of fasteners that can be used in accordance with the present invention and are hereby incorporated by reference. For example, the fastener may comprise at least one screw, plate, spring element, dowel, etc. in any shape, configuration or material. When it is described in the present invention that a reinforcement or a connecting element is journalled to at least a part of the fixing means, this means that the reinforcement or the connecting element can be journalled to any part of the fixing means, such as for example a screw, a plate, a spring element, a stud, etc. or any mutual combination of the components of the fastening means, such as for example a combination of stud and screw.
    The formwork according to the present invention not only makes it possible to make a well-finished reinforced concrete bed for a railway, but also allows the reinforcement. bearing is connected to at least a part of at least one fastener, also for automatically supplying that part of the fastener when providing the formwork. This makes it possible to position that part of the fastener in the formwork in such a way that, once concrete is provided in the formwork and a concrete bed is formed, rails can be mounted on the concrete bed at a correct, ie a desired, position using of the at least partially pre-positioned fasteners. In other words, by providing the formwork, at least a part of at least one fastening means will also be automatically provided at a correct position in the formwork where the rails will later be mounted on the concrete bed to be laid. When concrete is poured into the formwork, that part of the fastening means will already be surrounded and fixed in the concrete position in the correct position and thus already provided in the concrete bed, such that when the rails must be fixed to the concrete bed afterwards, the rails can simply be moved to this position and fixed using the at least one fastener. This ensures that external, cumbersome, difficult to handle positioning mechanisms are no longer required to correctly position the fastening means in the concrete bed, which is now the case with the methods used in the prior art.
    The at least one fastener preferably comprises at least one dowel. A "dowel" as used herein is a term known in the art and refers to an anchoring means typically used in anchoring an object, typically a screw, in a non-elastic material such as, for example, concrete. The dowel is hereby typically provided in a precisely fitting hole in the non-elastic material or may be provided in the non-elastic material when this material is in a different state. For example in the case of concrete, the dowel can be surrounded by concrete in the uncured state or placed in the concrete when it is still in a uncured state, after which the concrete hardens and the dowel gets stuck in the concrete . The dowel can comprise any shape as well as any material known in the art. The dowel preferably comprises a plastic material which is preferably elastic or at least partially elastic. The dowel is preferably hollow and substantially tubular with an open end and an opposite closed end. To effect an anchoring, the screw is typically inserted through the open end into the cavity of the dowel. The inner surface of the tubular dowel is herein typically provided with a screw pattern that is complementary to the screw pattern of the screw that is fitted in the dowel, such that the screw is inserted into the dowel via a rotational movement and thus becomes stuck in the dowel . Dowels with two open ends can, for example, also be used instead of the mentioned dowels with an open and a closed end. A dowel with two open ends has the advantage that a liquid, such as for example water, cannot accumulate in the dowel and can be used for drainage.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reinforcement is mounted on the at least one dowel. The bearing connection between the reinforcement of the formwork and the at least one dowel allows this dowel to be positioned correctly in the formwork even before concrete is provided. In this way, when providing concrete in the formwork, the at least one dowel can be surrounded by concrete and anchored in the concrete bed and this already in the right position where afterwards, after forming the concrete bed, a rail can be provided and be mounted on the concrete bed. The fixing means preferably comprises at least one screw that fits into the dowel. This screw is preferably only provided in the dowel when the concrete bed has already been laid by means of the formwork, the reinforcement of which is bearing-connected to the at least one dowel. In this way the rail can be attached to the concrete bed by means of the screw by fitting the screw in the pre-positioned dowel in the concrete bed. Preferably, the fastening means comprises, in addition to at least one screw, at least one spring element and at least one fastening plate for further positioning and mounting the rail on the concrete bed.
    When the reinforcement is mounted bearing-mounted on the at least one dowel, the dowel preferably comprises a removable closing element which is preferably suitable for at least temporarily closing the open end of the dowel. This closing element is preferably present in that, when concrete is provided in the formwork, there is a risk that the cavity inside the dowel will be filled with concrete via the open end of the dowel, as a result of which it is no longer possible to fit a screw for it afterwards. anchoring the fastener. By mounting a removable closing element on the open end of the dowel, this open end can be temporarily closed such that concrete is prevented from falling into the dowel. After providing the concrete, the open end of the dowel can be opened again by dismantling the closing element from the dowel. Such a closing element can comprise any mechanism for closing the open end of a dowel. The closing element can for instance comprise a screw cap which can be screwed onto the open end of the dowel or the closing element can comprise a groove or recess which fits in respectively a recess or groove present at the open end of the door to mount the closing element to the open end of the dowel. The closing element can comprise any material such as, for example, metal, e.g. steel or plastic, e.g. plastic. The closing material can comprise the same or a different material as the material of the dowel.
    It should be noted that the dowel can also comprise additional elements for, for example, the extra strong anchoring of the dowel in the concrete bed. For example, an additional anchoring casing may be provided around the dowel for additional anchoring of the dowel in the concrete bed. This may be necessary, for example, when the concrete bed is intended for the construction of a high-speed railway, where there is more risk that the dowel can come loose from the concrete bed. In such cases, the reinforcement will preferably be bearing-connected to the dowel via the additional element, for example the anchoring casing.
    In a preferred embodiment the formwork according to the present invention comprises at least one first plate-shaped formwork element and at least one second plate-shaped formwork element which form an upwardly open, channel-shaped construction with a base, for example a base on which a concrete bed is to be laid, and between which two plate-shaped formwork elements the reinforcement is included, wherein the reinforcement comprises at least one connecting element which mutually connects the at least one first formwork element and the at least one second formwork element. Such a connecting element increases the stability of the two formwork elements and prevents, for example, the displacement of the two formwork elements during the placement of concrete. In addition, the connecting elements are intended as structural reinforcement of a finally laid concrete bed, whereby the connecting elements are understood within the term "reinforcement" or "reinforcement for concrete" in the context of the present invention.
    Preferably, the at least one first formwork element and the at least one second formwork element are demountably connected to the connecting element. This allows that once concrete is provided in the formwork, the two formwork elements can be dismantled from the at least one connecting element - which is then embedded in the concrete - such that the formwork elements can be removed from the installed reinforced concrete bed and optionally recycled or can be reused. The mounting of the formwork elements on the at least one connecting element can be done in any way known in the state of the art. The formwork elements, for example, do not necessarily have to be directly connected to the connecting element, but can just as well be connected to the connecting element via an intermediate piece.
    The connecting element may comprise any shape such as, for example, rod-shaped, net-shaped, cable-shaped, grid-shaped, etc. and may furthermore comprise any material, such as, for example, metal, e.g. steel, fiberglass, plastic, etc. or a combination of these materials. The at least one connecting element is preferably rod-shaped. According to a preferred embodiment, the at least one connecting element comprises steel.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the at least one connecting element is mounted bearing-mounted on at least a part of the at least one fixing means. The connecting element in this way not only provides additional stability of the two formwork elements, but also allows that part of the fastening means to be positioned correctly between the two formwork elements. The fastening means preferably comprises at least one dowel, the at least one connecting element being journalled to the at least one dowel. When providing concrete in the formwork, this dowel will then be anchored in the concrete bed between the two formwork elements and this already at the correct position where afterwards, after forming the concrete bed, a rail can be provided and mounted to the concrete bed. The dowel preferably comprises a removable closing element, similar to the one described above.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the at least one connecting element is mounted bearing-mounted on the dowel via at least one positioning element. Such positioning element keeps the dowel in the correct position on the connecting element. The positioning element preferably holds the dowel in such a position between the two formwork elements such that the at least one dowel is already at the correct position between the two formwork elements where afterwards, after forming the concrete bed, a rail can be provided and mounted on the concrete bed. Preferably, the at least one positioning element holds the dowel positioned with the closed end of the dowel facing the ground. The positioning element may, for example, comprise a clamping system that clamps the dowel and thus holds it in position or it may, for example, comprise an annular holder which encloses the outer diameter of the dowel and thus holds the dowel in position. The positioning element can be an integral part of the connecting element or can be separately connected to the connecting element. Optionally, the positioning element, which holds the dowel in position, can be placed at different positions on the connecting element in order to adjust the position of the dowel in the formwork. Furthermore, the dowel and / or the positioning element may comprise a control mechanism that checks whether the dowel is held in the correct position via the positioning element. The dowel and / or the positioning element can for instance comprise a magnet that allows the dowel and the positioning element to be positioned at the correct position relative to each other.
    The reinforcement according to the present invention can comprise any number of connecting elements and the connecting elements can be mutually positioned relative to each other in any way, e.g. crossed, parallel, etc. Preferably, the reinforcement comprises at least two connecting elements. The at least two connecting elements can be mutually connected to each other via at least one connecting element. Such connecting elements can comprise the same or different material as the material of the connecting elements.
    The connection elements may, for example, be metal, e.g. steel, fiberglass, plastic, etc.. The connection elements preferably comprise the same material as the connection elements. The connection elements preferably comprise steel. Due to the presence of connection elements, the connection elements are mutually better stabilized and this further contributes to the general stabilization of the formwork.
    Using a formwork for concrete according to the first aspect of the present invention, a ballastless railroad can be obtained. This ballastless railroad comprises at least one reinforcement, a fastening means, a rail and a concrete bed, wherein the reinforcement is mounted on at least a part of the at least one fastening means, and fastening means and reinforcement are at least partially embedded in the concrete bed, and wherein at least one rail is mounted on the concrete bed by means of the at least one fastener. This ballastless railway is preferably located on a surface through the concrete bed.
    In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a method for making a railroad comprising the steps of: a. Providing a formwork for concrete, as described above; b. providing concrete in the formwork and allowing the concrete to harden to form a reinforced concrete bed; c. mounting at least one rail on the concrete bed using at least one fastening means, at least a part of which is connected to the reinforcement of the formwork.
    Preferably, after forming a reinforced concrete bed, the at least one formwork element of the formwork is removed from the formwork, wherein the reinforcement, to which at least a part of at least one fixing means is mounted, is also embedded in the concrete bed.
    Preferably a formwork according to the present invention can be used in a method for making a railroad as described in the Belgian patent application with application number 2015/5148, filed on March 16, 2015 in the name of Top-Off NV and Sleepers BVBA, which is herein fully is inserted as a reference.
    The concrete according to the present invention can comprise any type of concrete and any concrete composition as known in the art. Furthermore, the concrete can be provided in the formwork in any way, using any means or device, as known in the art.
    In the following, the invention is described a.d.h.v. non-limiting examples illustrating the invention, and which are not intended or may be interpreted to limit the scope of the invention.
    Figures 1A and 1B respectively show a schematic side view and a schematic top view of a concrete formwork according to an embodiment of the present invention. The formwork according to this embodiment comprises two plate-shaped formwork elements (2) that are perpendicular to a base (1) on which the concrete bed will be laid, such that they form an upwardly open, gutter-shaped construction with the base (Figure IA) in which concrete can be provided. The two formwork elements here are parallel to each other.
    A reinforcement is provided between the two formwork elements (2), which reinforcement comprises straight rod-shaped connecting elements (3) which mutually connect the two formwork elements. The connecting elements according to this embodiment run parallel to each other, perpendicular to the plate-shaped formwork elements. The connecting elements are mounted to the formwork elements via their ends. Each formwork element here comprises recesses (not visible), wherein each recess can comprise an end of a rod-shaped connecting element such that the end of the connecting element can be pushed through the recess and on the outside of the formwork element, i.e. on the side of the formwork elements opposite to the side where concrete is provided can be positioned. A screw system is provided on both ends of each connecting element (not visible), such that, once the connecting element has slid through the recess of the formwork element, the connecting element can be mounted on the formwork plate with the aid of a nut (5) mounted on the screw system is provided with the connecting element on the outside of the formwork elements. This system makes it possible to simply dismantle the formwork elements from the reinforcement once the concrete is provided, i.e. by removing the nuts (5) again from the screw system and removing the formwork elements, while the reinforcement remains behind in the concrete. Instead of the screw system discussed above, other fastening methods can be used which allow the connecting elements to be mounted on the formwork elements and subsequently to remove the formwork elements from the connecting elements.
    Figure IA shows that two connecting elements are positioned vertically above and below each other. Each connecting element in this embodiment is provided with four positioning elements (4) which are suitable for correctly positioning four dowels (not shown). According to this embodiment, the positioning elements of the two connecting elements positioned above and below each other (Figure 1A) also stand vertically above and below each other and each pair of positioning elements positioned above and below each other cooperates to correctly position one dowel, as schematically shown in Figure 5. The positioning elements of this embodiment include annular holders (Figure 1B) with a diameter large enough to include and retain a dowel in a proper position (Figure 5). Optionally, the diameter of the annular element is adjustable depending on the type of dowel used in the fastener. In this example, the annular positioning element forms an integral part of the connecting element, but this positioning element can equally well be provided separately and fixed to the connecting element, for example by mounting on it, wherein the position of the positioning element can optionally be adjusted manually or automatically depending on of the type of fastener for the rails. Finally, instead of an annular positioning element, for example, a clamping element (not visible) can also be provided which can clamp the dowel and hold it in position.
    The dowel that is schematically shown in Figure 5 is a hollow and tubular element with one end of the tube closed and one end of the tube open, the closed end being directed towards the substrate on which the bed is to be laid. The open end serves to receive a screw from a fastener of a rail such that a rail with the fastener can be mounted to the concrete bed via the dowel. Figure 5 shows that the dowel, which is positioned by two positioning elements, comprises a removable closing element (9) at the open end of the dowel. Such a closing element ensures that the dowel, which is mounted bearing-mounted on the reinforcement before the concrete is provided in the formwork, is not filled with concrete via the open end of the dowel. After providing the concrete, this closing element can easily be removed from the dowel such that the open end of the dowel becomes available for receiving a screw of a fastening means for mounting a rail on the concrete bed.
    Figures 2A and 2B respectively show a schematic side view and a schematic top view of a concrete formwork according to another embodiment of the present invention. Similar to Figures 1A and 1B, the formwork comprises two formwork elements (2) between which are provided straight rod-shaped connecting elements (3) which are mounted on the formwork elements via their ends with a nut and screw system, similar to that described for Figures 1A and 1B. Also in this embodiment, two connecting elements are positioned vertically above and below each other and each connecting element comprises four positioning elements for positioning four dowels (not shown). In this embodiment, however, the positioning elements of the two connecting elements positioned above and below each other do not stand vertically below each other, but deviate slightly from each other at a certain angle, such that when a dowel is placed in two positioning elements positioned below each other, the dowel makes a similar angle. In this way, by adjusting the position of two positioning elements positioned one above the other, the position of the dowel can be adjusted depending on the type of dowel and the type of fastener for the rails.
    Figure 3 shows a schematic side view of a concrete formwork according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the reinforcement comprises three connecting elements which are positioned vertically above and below each other. In these embodiments, three positioning elements (4) of the three connecting elements positioned above and below each other work together to position one dowel (not shown).
    Figures 4A and 4B respectively show a schematic side view and a schematic top view of a formwork for concrete according to another embodiment of the present invention. The formwork is similar to Figure 1, but the connecting elements in this embodiment are connected to each other via connecting elements ((6) and (7)), both the connecting elements positioned vertically above each other (Figure 4A, (6) ) as the connecting elements which lie horizontally in the same plane (Figure 4B, (7)). In this way a reinforcing network is formed between the connecting elements themselves, which increases the stability of the formwork and the concrete bed to be laid later.
    It should be noted that although the connecting elements according to these examples are straight rod-shaped elements that run parallel to each other and are substantially perpendicular to the plate-shaped formwork elements, the connecting elements can also take other forms. For example, two connecting elements can cross one another, they can form an angle with respect to the plate-shaped formwork elements and / or can comprise curved or deviating shapes and thus they do not necessarily have to be straight.
    The joining or mounting of the reinforcement to the formwork element can be done in any way known in the state of the art. For example, the reinforcement must not necessarily be directly connected to the at least one formwork element, but it may just as well be connected to the formwork element via an intermediate piece. Figure 6 gives a schematic representation of how a reinforcement can be mounted on a concrete formwork according to an embodiment of the present invention. Hereby two connecting elements (3) run parallel to each other between two formwork elements, similar as for example in Figure 1 or 2, but the ends of the two connecting elements are hereby mounted to the formwork elements (2) via an intermediate piece (10). The two places (5) where the spacer is mounted on the formwork element are further apart than the connecting elements are mutually positioned. This also ensures a more stable mounting of the reinforcement on the formwork.
    Figure 7 shows a schematic side view of a concrete bed (11) which has been laid using a concrete formwork according to figure 2, wherein two rails (13) are mounted on the concrete bed using two fastening means (12) via the front positioned dowels (8), ie the dowels (8), with sealing element, were already positioned via positioning elements in the formwork before concrete was provided or poured into the formwork, with the rails (after forming and hardening of the concrete bed) afterwards 13) were mounted on the pre-positioned dowels via the screws of the fasteners (12). Here, the top surface of the concrete bed, before mounting the rails to the concrete bed, was first leveled, for example smoothly milled, whereby part of the top surface of the concrete bed was removed. The upper surface was preferably leveled such that the open end of the dowels, which were embedded in the concrete bed, came to lie on the upper surface of the concrete bed, after which the sealing element could be dismantled from the dowels so that the open end could be on the surface. became available to be able to fit a screw for mounting the rails. In Figure 7, the formwork elements are still present after the concrete bed has been formed, but these formwork elements can just as easily be dismantled and removed from the concrete bed, for example just after the concrete has been poured and hardened. A ballast-free railroad is obtained upon removal of these formwork elements.
    It is believed that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and that some modifications or changes can be added to the described examples without re-evaluating the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    CONCLUSIONS
    1. Formwork for concrete, suitable for use in the construction of a concrete bed of a railway, which formwork comprises at least one formwork element and a reinforcement, wherein the at least one formwork element is mounted on the reinforcement, characterized in that the reinforcement is mounted on is connected to at least a part of at least one fastening means, which fastening means is suitable for mounting at least one rail to the concrete bed to be laid, and that the at least one fastening means comprises at least one dowel, said reinforcement being bearing-connected to the at least one one dowel.
    [2]
    2. Formwork according to claim 1, wherein said at least one dowel comprises a removable closing element.
    [3]
    3. Formwork according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one formwork element is demountably connected to the reinforcement.
    [4]
    4. Formwork as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 1-3, which formwork comprises at least one first plate-shaped formwork element and at least one second plate-shaped formwork element which form an upwardly open, channel-shaped construction with a base and between which two plate-shaped formwork elements the reinforcement is included.
    [5]
    5. Formwork as claimed in claim 4, wherein the reinforcement comprises at least one connecting element which mutually connects the at least one first formwork element and the at least one second formwork element.
    [6]
    A formwork according to claim 5, wherein the at least one first formwork element and the at least one second formwork element are demountably connected to said connecting element.
    [7]
    Formwork according to claim 5 or 6, wherein said at least one connecting element is rod-shaped.
    [8]
    8. Formwork as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 5-7, wherein the at least one connecting element is mounted bearing-mounted on at least a part of the at least one fixing means.
    [9]
    9. Formwork as claimed in claim 8, wherein the fixing means comprise at least one dowel, wherein the at least one connecting element is bearing-connected to the at least one dowel.
    [10]
    10. Formwork as claimed in claim 9, wherein the at least one connecting element is journalled to the at least one dowel via at least one positioning element.
    [11]
    11. Formwork according to claim 10, wherein said at least one dowel comprises a removable closing element.
    [12]
    12. Formwork as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 6-11, wherein said reinforcement comprises at least two connecting elements.
    [13]
    13. Formwork according to claim 12, wherein said at least two connecting elements are mutually connected to each other via at least one connecting element.
    [14]
    A method for making a railroad comprising the steps of: a. Providing a formwork for concrete according to any one of the preceding claims 1-13 on a surface on which a concrete bed will be laid; b. providing concrete in the formwork and allowing the concrete to harden to form a reinforced concrete bed; c. mounting at least one rail on the concrete bed using at least one fastening means of which at least a part is mounted on the reinforcement of the formwork.
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US15/558,617| US20180080177A1|2015-03-16|2016-03-16|Casing for Concrete Bedding of Railway and Method for the Construction of a Railway|
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