• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Assembly for fixing a tool, in particular a bucket (4), to a construction machine, in particular a lifting arm of an excavator, consisting on the one hand of a connection device (2) secured to the bucket and on the other hand of a coupler (1) or quick coupler secured to the construction machine, in particular at the end of the lifting arm, at least one hook (5) coming from the connection device, respectively from the coupler, hooking onto at least one corresponding pin (3) of the coupler, respectively of the connection device, locking means (6, 7, 8, 9) being provided to mutually lock the coupler and the connection device, and therefore lock the tool to the public works machine, in particular the bucket to the arm of the machine, characterized in that it provides locking means (31, 32, 13) which oppose the unlocking of the locking means.
    公开号:BE1022187B1
    申请号:E2013/0495
    申请日:2013-07-17
    公开日:2016-02-25
    发明作者:
    申请人:Morin, Marcel；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Set for attaching a tool, particularly a bucket, to a construction machine.
    The present invention relates to a public works machine, for example an excavator, which is removably attached to a tool, such as a bucket, via a coupler, also called quick coupler. The present invention also relates to a connection device intended to be secured to the tool, for example to the bucket, to cooperate with the coupler disposed on the public works machine, the connecting device and the coupler cooperating to ensure the attachment of the tool, for example the bucket, to the public works machine.
    In the following, we will talk about a bucket. However, the term bucket must be understood as possibly being any other tool or equipment intended to be mounted on a public works machine via the coupler or quick coupler.
    Public works machines are already known, as are connection devices as mentioned above, for example French patent application 2,657,596 or European patent application EP 0 578 447. The connection device includes a or several trunnions mounted integral with the bucket, while the coupler or quick coupler comprises one or more hooks which are hooked around the trunnion or pins. In addition, the. coupler is pivotally arranged with respect to the journal, once the hook engages with the journal, to lock to the connecting device via a cam which abuts against the surface of a shoe of the device. connection. To perform this locking, the weight and the inertia of the bucket are also used during pre-lifting with the aid of the hook and the tilting of the coupler, for example by action of a jack pushing one end away from the hook. the coupler in the locking position with the connection device disposed on the bucket.
    These devices of the prior art have the disadvantage of being dangerous in use, and in particular the locking device, especially in the case where the bucket is heavy or in the case of a hydraulic fluid leak from the lifting arm of the public works machine, in particular in the case of hydraulic cylinder, can unlock unintentionally, thus freeing the bucket of the hoist with all the risks that can result from the free fall of a bucket of such weight. For example, in EP 0 578 447, the locking means consisting of elements 13, 14, 15 can unlock unintentionally.
    The present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art by providing a safer construction machine, and in particular whose risk of inadvertent unlocking of the bucket is decreased.
    According to the invention, an assembly for attaching a tool or equipment, in particular a bucket, to a construction machine, in particular a lifting arm of an excavator, consisting on the one hand of a connection device secured to to the bucket and secondly a coupler or quick coupler secured to the construction machine, in particular at the end of the lifting arm, at least one hook coming from the connecting device, respectively from the quick coupler, clinging at least one corresponding journal of the fast coupler, respectively of the connection device, locking means being provided to mutually lock the coupler and the connection device, and thus lock the tool to the public works machine, in particular to the arm of the machine, is characterized in that it provides locking means which oppose the unlocking of the locking means.
    By thus providing auxiliary locking means in position of the locking means, inadvertent unlocking of the locking means is prevented and a safer construction machine is obtained.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the locking means comprise resilient means for disabling the locking means, in particular manually.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the locking means comprise a shoe integral with the connecting device and an eccentric cam, mounted on the pivoting coupler with respect to an axis.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the locking means comprise a pawl in the form of a finger, in particular coming from the shoe, and the cam comprises a lug which cooperates with the finger to oppose the rotation of the cam.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the finger has a free end portion which extends, in the locking position, beyond the pin, in particular in a curved shape, to enable the unlocking of auxiliary blocking means, in particular manually.
    The present invention also relates to a construction machine comprising an assembly according to the invention, in particular to a hoist having a bucket.
    The present invention also relates to a device for connecting an assembly according to the invention.
    The present invention also relates to a tool or equipment of a construction machine, including a bucket comprising an assembly according to the invention.
    The present invention also relates to a construction machine, including a backhoe comprising a tool or equipment according to the invention.
    The present invention also relates to a key for unlocking an assembly according to the invention. By way of example, a preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 represents a side view of the coupler of an assembly according to the invention; FIG. 1A is a perspective view of the coupler of FIG. 1; FIG. 2 is a side view of the connection device of an assembly according to the invention; FIG. 3 represents an assembly according to the invention consisting of the coupler of FIGS. 1 and 1A and of a connection device of FIG. 2 according to one embodiment of the invention; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a key for unlocking / unlocking the assembly of FIG. 3; FIG. 5 represents the assembly of FIG. 3 in a state in which the auxiliary locking means prevent inadvertent unlocking of the locking means; Figure 5Ά is an enlarged view of the circled portion of Figure 5; FIGS. 6A to 6D show the manner in which the unlocking of the connection device (and of the bucket which is connected to it) of the coupler (and therefore of the hoist which is linked to it) is carried out using the key of Figure 4: - Figure 6A is a view of the establishment of the unlocking tool; FIG. 6B is a view of the unlocking of the blocking means; - Figure 6C is a view of the unlocking of the locking means, before tilting of the bucket; - Figure 6D is a view of the entire view 3 unlocked bucket tilted; 7 shows in perspective a bucket to which the connection device of FIG. 2 has been secured; Figure 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of Figure 7 at the pawl; FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the encircled portion of FIG. 8 which shows a clearance between the pawl and its stop on the eccentric cam; FIG. 10 represents another embodiment of an assembly according to the invention; Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of the circled portion of Fig. 10; Figure 12 is a perspective view of the key for unlocking the assembly of Figures 10 and 11; FIG. 13 is a view of the assembly of FIG. 10 in the unlocked state by the action of the key of FIG. 12; and Fig. 14 is an enlarged view of the circled portion of Fig. 13.
    In the figures, there is shown an assembly according to the invention which consists of a coupler 1 or quick coupler and a connecting device 2 mounted on a bucket 4. The coupler 1 is attached to a construction machine, particularly to the end of an arm of a hoist, while the connecting device 2 is connected or secured, particularly in one piece, with the tool or equipment that the hoist or construction equipment For example, as can be seen in FIG. 7, the connecting device 2 can be welded to a bucket. The connection device 2 comprises a trunnion 3 which is at the level of the upper edge of one of the lateral faces of the bucket 4 and the quick coupler 1 has a hook-shaped end portion 5 which clings to the trunnion 3 to be able to lift the bucket.
    The connection device 2 is fixed, in particular welded, to an outer face of the cup 4. Of course, the coupler 1 may comprise more than one hook, in particular two hooks as represented for example in FIG.
    The connecting device 2 which is fixed to the bucket comprises means which make it possible to ensure the locking of the bucket, the trunnion (s) 3 of which has been engaged by the hook (s) 5 from the coupler to the lift arm. To do this, the hook 5, under the effect in particular of an electric or hydraulic jack which extends along the lifting arm of the machine which is connected to the coupler 1, raises the pin 3, which has for effect of lifting the bucket and thus topple the face of the bucket which comprises the connecting device 2 towards a portion of the coupler, away from the hook, so that the locking means, which are both on the quick coupler and the connection device, cooperate and lock the coupler 1 to the device 2 connection, and thus the bucket to the machine.
    In the embodiment shown in the figures, these locking means comprise on the one hand a shoe 6 coming from the connection device, and thus from the bucket 4, and on the other hand an eccentric cam 7 pivotally mounted on a circular cylindrical axis 8 integral with the coupler 1. To do this, the cam 7 projects laterally from one. cylinder 9 which is fitted on the cylindrical axis 8. Springs 50 are mounted so as to oppose the rotation of the cylinder 9 and thus of the cam 7.
    In the position shown in FIG. 3 or FIGS. 6A, 6B and 8, the locking means have been engaged and an upper external surface of the cam 7 abuts against a front face 10 of the shoe 6, thus blocking any rotation. possible of the cam 7 relative to the bucket, ensuring a rotational connection of the bucket to the coupler 1.
    Until now in the prior art, the system worked in this way. To unlock the coupler 1 and the connection device 2, it was used a fork-shaped key with two spades, one of which had at its free end a lug extending transversely to the axis of the spike. This lug (equivalent to the lug 25 of the key 20 represented in FIG. 4) was penetrated into a hole 16 formed in the eccentric cam while the upper surface of the other lug (equivalent to the central spike 22 of the key 20 according to the invention shown in Figure 4) abutted against the outer side face of the cylinder 9. The user, thanks to this support on the cylinder, then rotated the key and the same cylinder in the direction of the needles d a watch (in the figures) for forcing out the face 15 of the cam from its contact with the shoe until it unlocks the coupler of the connecting device 2, and thus unlocks the bucket 4 of the lever arm.
    It is well understood that in the case of a hydraulic leak (in particular the hydraulic fluid of the cylinders which actuates the lever arm and which acts on the coupler to initially lift the bucket to achieve the locking between the coupler 1 and the bucket), it may happen that the upper surface of the cam 7 and the contact surface 10 of the shoe come to slide relative to each other and cause an inadvertent disconnection which can be particularly dangerous in the case where a person under the bucket, even though this bucket is raised in height by the construction machine. Another source of inadvertent disconnection can be constituted by the important vibrations of the construction machine which can cause, notably by resonances, a relative displacement of the cam 7 and the abutment surface of the shoe 6.
    Thus, according to the invention, additional safety means are provided in the form of a secondary or auxiliary blocking device for the rotation of the cylinder assembly 9 and cam 7 eccentric with respect to the axis 8. to do, these locking means consist of a pawl-shaped finger 31 from the shoe 6, the finger 31 having a lug 32 projecting laterally from the finger 31, the lug 32 cooperating with a stop 13 formed at the outer periphery of the cylinder 9.
    Preferably, the adjustment is made so that in the locking position the lug 32 and the stop 13 are at a small distance from each other. Thus, as long as the cam does not try to unlock unexpectedly, the locking means do not act to oppose the unlocking and in particular do not block the locking means. When an inadvertent rotation of the cam 7, and therefore of the cylinder 9, occurs in a clockwise direction in FIG. 3, the abutment 13 abuts against the stub 32, which stops any rotation of the cam 7, thus preventing it from completely disengaging from its contact with the shoe 6. Thus, as shown in FIG. 2 or in FIGS. 15 and 16, in the case of an attempt to inadvertently disconnect the locking means, these are blocked by the cooperation of the stop 13 and the pin 32.
    According to an improvement of the invention, the finger 31 is fixed to the shoe 6 with the interposition of a cylindrical piece 40 of elastic material, for example rubber. The fixing of the finger 31 and the rubber part 40 is done by means of a screw and holes respectively formed in the shoe, the finger and the intermediate part 40. This intermediate piece 40 helps to unlock the locking means, including manual - when it is actually desired to remove the bucket arm of the hoist. Indeed, without this elastic part, the user of the assembly could not unlock the abutment 13 taken in one lug 32 and under the constraint of an aborted start of rotation in the direction of its disconnection of the cam 7.
    Even more preferably, and as shown in the figures, the finger 31 has a curved end portion 41 which extends beyond the abutment 13 and the lug 32, and in particular beyond the cylinder 9 towards the outside, to ensure easy access to the user when he wishes to lower the finger 31 to unlock the lock.
    To deliberately release or unlock the assembly, use is made, as shown in the figures, of a key 20 comprising a main rod 21 and an arm 22 extending laterally relative to the rod 21 beyond this rod 21 in a substantially curved manner in the form of a C. At the end of the rod 21 protrudes, in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane defined by the rod 21 and the arm 22, a lug 25 intended to penetrate into the hole 16 formed in the cam eccentrically. Similarly, at the far end of the arm 22 protrudes a lug 26, substantially parallel to the lug 25. Between the two lugs 25 and 26, the arm has a flat portion 27 intended to come into contact with the outer surface of the cylinder 9 integral with the cam 7.
    Thus in use, the lug 25 enters the hole 10 (see Figure 6A) while the shape 27 comes into contact with the cylinder 8 of the cam 9 and the lug 26 is pressed against the end of the portion 41 curved finger 31 (see Figure 6B). The key 20 is then rotated, as shown in FIG. 6C, which has the effect of lowering the finger 31 (thanks to the deformable nature of the elastic part 40) away from the cylinder 9 and thus to making out of their cooperation the abutment 13 and the lug 32. In addition, the rotation of the key 20 has the effect of rotating the cam to separate it from the shoe and thus release the connecting device 2 of the coupler 1 and thus release the bucket of the hoist (see Figure 6D).
    In Figures 10 to 14, there is shown another embodiment of an assembly according to the invention. According to this embodiment, the cam locking system is deactivated by a substantially lateral movement, whereas in the embodiment of Figures 1 to 9, it is deactivated by a substantially vertical movement. Figure 10 and its detail in Figure 11 show the system before unlocking with the specific key of Figure 12. Figures 13 and 14 show the position "unlocked". The key comprises an inclined ramp 60 and a lug 70. While the lug 70 is placed in the hole 16 of the cam during rotation, the inclined ramp 60 spreads the pawl laterally for unlocking. The fact that the elastic portion is fixed on the flat face is given by way of example, this attachment could quite be performed in the shoe or possibly any other part nearby.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1. Set for attaching a tool, in particular a bucket (4), to a construction machine, in particular an excavator lifting arm, constituted on the one hand by a device (2) for connecting together to the bucket and secondly a coupler (1) or quick coupler secured to the construction machine, particularly at the end of the lifting arm, at least one hook (5) from the connection device, respectively the coupler, clinging to at least one corresponding pin (3) of the coupler, respectively of the connecting device, locking means (6, 7, 8, 9) being provided for mutually locking the coupler and the connecting device, and therefore lock the tool to the public works machine, including the bucket arm of the machine, characterized in that it provides means (31, 32, 13) for locking which oppose the unlocking of the means of locking.
    [2]
    2. Fastening assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that there is provided means (40) resilient for disabling the locking means, in particular manually.
    [3]
    3. fixing assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the locking means comprise a shoe (6) integral with the connection means and an eccentric cam (7), pivotally mounted on an axis (8) integral with the coupler (1).
    [4]
    4. Fastening assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking means comprise a finger (31) and a stop (13) projecting from a cylinder (9) integral with the cam and fitted on the 8 axis so as to pivot relative to this axis (8), the stop (13) cooperating with a lug (32) from the finger (31) to oppose the rotation of the cam.
    [5]
    5. Fastening assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that the finger is from the shoe.
    [6]
    6. Fastening assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the finger (31) comprises a portion (41) of free end which extends, in the locking position, beyond the pin (32), in particular in a curved form, to enable the unlocking of the auxiliary locking means, in particular manually.
    [7]
    7. An assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arrangement is such that in the normal locking position, that is to say as long as an attempt to unlock unwanted has not occurred, the ergot (32) and the stop (13) are at a small distance from each other.
    [8]
    8. Tool or equipment of a construction machine, including bucket (4) comprising an assembly according to one of the preceding claims.
    [9]
    9. A construction machine, in particular an excavator comprising a tool or equipment according to claim 8.
    [10]
    10. Unlocking key of an assembly according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the key (20) comprises a main rod (21) and an arm (22) extending laterally relative to the rod (21) beyond this rod (21) substantially curved in the shape of a C, at the end of the rod (21) protruding in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane defined by the rod (21). ) and the arm (22), a pin (25) for penetrating a hole (16) formed in the eccentric cam (7), while at the far end of the arm (22) a projection (26) ), substantially parallel to the lug (25) and between the two lugs (25) and (26), the arm comprises a flat (27) intended to come into contact with the outer surface of the cylinder (9) secured to the cam (7).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR2994576A1|2014-02-21|
    FR2994576B1|2015-09-04|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3874533A|1974-01-07|1975-04-01|Esco Corp|Excavator basket-stick connection|
    GB9214255D0|1992-07-04|1992-08-19|Massey Ferguson Mfg|Implement attachement coupler|
    FR2900168B1|2006-04-21|2010-04-23|Morin|COUPLER FOR MIXED UNLOCKING WORK EQUIPMENT|FR3031993B1|2015-01-23|2017-04-21|Klac Ind Sas|SYSTEM FOR COUPLING A BUCKET TO A WORK-SITE ENGINE AND SITE AND BODY EQUIPMENT COMPRISING A SYSTEM OF THIS TYPE|
    DE202018100423U1|2018-01-25|2018-02-15|Oilquick Deutschland Gmbh|Adapter, quick coupler and quick-change system|
    法律状态:
    2021-04-28| MM| Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee|Effective date: 20200731 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1202239A|FR2994576B1|2012-08-14|2012-08-14|ASSEMBLY FOR ATTACHING A TOOL, IN PARTICULAR A BUCKET, TO A CONSTRUCTION MACHINE|
    FR1202239|2012-08-14|
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