• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A machine (10) for mowing stalk-like crops comprises two mowing and intake devices (12, 14) arranged adjacent to a longitudinal center plane (18) of the machine (10), two delivery conveyors (26) with conveyor disks (28) arranged one above the other and one at the rear Mowing and intake devices (12, 14) between the delivery conveyors (26) arranged floor (32). The axes of rotation of the mowing and intake devices (12, 14) and the discharge conveyor (26) run parallel to one another. The base (32) forms a non-perpendicular angle with the axes of rotation. The scrapers (48) of the delivery conveyor (26) adjacent to the base (32) have leading ends (60) offset in relation to the circumferential direction, adapted to the inclination of the base (32).
    公开号:BE1021940B1
    申请号:E2014/0582
    申请日:2014-07-29
    公开日:2016-01-27
    发明作者:Jan-Dirk Schild；Clemens Weitenberg；Daniel Gevers；Martin Hüning；Hockenbeck Leo Schulze
    申请人:Maschinenfabrik Kemper Gmbh & Co. Kg；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Machine for mowing stalk-like crops
    Description.
    The invention relates to a machine for mowing stalk-like crop material, which is movable in a forward direction over a field, comprising: at least two mowing and collection devices arranged adjacent to a longitudinal median plane of the machine, two discharge conveyors with conveyor discs arranged one above the other, each one of the rear Mowing and collecting devices and in front of a rear discharge opening of the machine are arranged, and a rear of the mowing and collection devices between the discharge conveyors arranged bottom which is inclined in an operating position of the machine backwards and upwards to the height difference between the working plane of the mowing and catching devices on the one hand and the level of the discharge opening on the other hand to overcome, the axes of rotation of the mowing and intake devices and the discharge conveyor parallel to each other and the discharge conveyors discharge side arranged a plurality of superimposed Scrapers are assigned, each extending into the space between stacked conveyor discs of the discharge conveyor inside.
    State of the art
    EP 0 508 189 A1 describes a machine for mowing stalk-like crops, which comprises a number of laterally juxtaposed mowing and drawing-in devices, which are composed of lower cutting disks and conveying disks arranged above them with recesses distributed around the circumference for receiving cut-off plant branches. In the middle of the machine, two discharge conveyor drums are arranged on both sides in front of a rear discharge opening, the axis of rotation of which is inclined in relation to the axes of rotation of the mowing and drawing devices. This will - in an approximately horizontal orientation of the
    Cutting and conveying discs of the mowing and collection devices in the harvesting operation - a lifting of the plants achieved so that they can get into the arranged at a higher height above the ground intake duct of the forage harvester. The approximately horizontal orientation of the cutting and conveying discs serves to achieve a perfect harvesting function of the machine, because too high a slope causes not exactly in the front of the mowing and intake device incoming plants are cut off at a height above the ground, resulting in An uneven stubble and occasionally leads to cutting problems.
    The axis of rotation of the delivery conveyor drum is thus inclined forward relative to the axis of rotation of the mowing and intake device, whereby height-dependent different distances between the enveloping circles of the delivery conveyor drum and the conveyor discs of the mowing and intake device arranged immediately before arise. The distances are bigger down than above. Thus, in some cases transfer problems are possible, because the distance between the enveloping circles of the delivery conveyor drum and the conveyor discs is to be adapted to the largest, expected throughputs, which means that at smaller throughputs the distance in the lower area is too large to correct all plants to take over.
    The inclined discharge conveyor drums, when they are higher than the front mounted mowing and collection devices (see DE 102 49 457 A1), forward into the area in which the plants are transported, so in the upper part of the discharge conveyor conveyor discs smaller diameter to be used at the bottom. This requires the complex provision of different conveyor discs.
    There have also been described machines with Abgabefördertrommeln whose axes of rotation are oriented parallel to the axes of rotation of the mowing and collection devices (DE 10 2007 002 659 A1). However, there are the diameter of the mowing and collection devices are relatively large (about 1.5 m corresponding to two rows mounted at the usual distance of 0.75 m), so that this arrangement is less suitable for smaller diameters of the mowing and collection devices, because then the mowing and collection devices would be relatively steeply inclined forwardly, which would lead to the unwanted stubble image described above.
    task
    The object underlying the invention is seen to provide a machine for mowing stalk-like crop, in which the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art do not occur or to a lesser extent. solution
    This object is achieved by the teaching of claim 1, wherein in the other claims features are listed, which further develop the solution in an advantageous manner.
    A machine for mowing stalk-like crop material is movable in a forward direction over a field and comprises at least two mowing and catching devices, each adjacent to a longitudinal median plane of the machine, two discharge conveyors with superimposed conveyor discs, each rear of one of the mowing and collection devices and before a rear discharge opening of the machine are arranged and a rear of the mowing and collection devices between the discharge conveyors arranged bottom, which is inclined in an operating position of the machine backwards and upwards to the height difference between the working level of the mowing and drawing devices on the one hand and the plane of the On the other hand to overcome discharge opening. The axes of rotation of the mowing and intake devices and the discharge conveyor are parallel to each other. The discharge conveyor a plurality of superposed scrapers are assigned to the discharge side, each extending into the space between stacked conveyor discs of the discharge conveyor into it. The bottom closes with the axes of rotation a non-perpendicular angle. The scrapers adjoining the bottom have offset, leading ends with respect to the circumferential direction in each case of the inclination of the bottom, so that the leading end of a lower scraper lies in the direction of rotation of the delivery conveyor in front of the leading end of a scraper arranged above. While the mowing and retracting means and the discharge conveyor rotate about (at least approximately) parallel axes, the bottom of the machine is disposed in the region between the discharge conveyors at a rearwardly and upwardly increasing angle, i. arranged at an angle of less than 90 ° to the axes of rotation, in order to achieve that the crop in operation overcomes the height difference between the working level of the mowing and intake device and the rear discharge opening of the machine, behind which follows the intake duct of a forage harvester. In the harvesting operation, the axes of rotation of the (in any direction of rotation rotating) mowing and collection devices and the plants to the rear donating delivery conveyor are thus oriented approximately perpendicular or a few degrees from the inclined, while the ground is steeper backwards and upwards than the ( approximately horizontal) conveyor discs of the mowing and collection devices and the discharge conveyor. In order now to avoid conveying problems in the lower region of the discharge conveyor, the scrapers of the discharge conveyor height and circumferentially arranged staggered such that their leading ends are connected by an imaginary line whose inclination in the conveying direction corresponds approximately to that of the soil. The delivery points of the discharge conveyor are thus arranged farther back in the flow, the higher they are. This optimizes the transition of the crop to the sloping soil.
    In this way it is achieved that the height difference between the working level of the mowing and catching device and the rear discharge opening of the machine is overcome, although the axes of rotation of the discharge conveyor and the mowing and collection devices are oriented in parallel and the latter need not be significantly tilted forward. Thus, the disadvantages identified in the prior art are avoided with little effort.
    The mowing and collecting device and the discharge conveyor on each side of the median longitudinal plane can be formed in a manner known per se by separate units, i. by a mowing and drawing-in device with a conveyor drum and cutting elements arranged underneath, and a further conveyor drum as discharge conveyor (compare EP 0 508 189 A1, DE 102 49 457 A1 or DE 10 2007 002 659 A). However, there is also the possibility that they are formed by a single unit, be it in the form of a mowing and drawing drum, which also serves as discharge conveyor (see EP 0 099 257 A2) or in the form of a chain conveyor (DE 10 2005 004 004 A1). Then, the front crop cutting and receiving areas of the mowing and gathering drum or chain conveyor constitute the mowing and catching means, while the discharge conveyor is formed by the areas of the mowing and infeed drum or chain conveyor which places the crop in the center of the crop Feed the machine backwards to the discharge opening.
    In a preferred embodiment, the machine comprises in addition to the longitudinal center plane of the machine adjacent mowing and intake devices outwardly following mowing and collection devices that rotate in the same direction in the same direction with the longitudinal center plane of the machine adjacent mowing and collection devices with their front sides to the outside. A rear wall without movable conveyor elements extends between the back of the outwardly following mowing and catching device and the discharge conveyor. It is therefore - unlike previous, comparable machines (see DE 195 31 918 A1) - between the outwardly following mowing and intake device and the discharge conveyor no additional transverse conveyor drum more provided. As a result, the effort is reduced and the diameter of the discharge conveyor can be increased, which simplifies the deflection of the plants to the rear. This arrangement is independent of the teaching of claim 1, i. it can also be used on machines with non-sloped ground and / or forwardly inclined rotary axes of the discharge conveyor.
    Ausführunasbeispiel
    In the drawings, an embodiment of the invention described in more detail below is shown. It shows:
    1 is a perspective view of the central portion of a machine for mowing stalk-like crop,
    Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the discharge conveyor, and
    Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the scraper of the discharge conveyor.
    FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a machine 10 for moweri of stalk-like crop, in particular maize, as has basically become known, for example, from DE 195 31 918 A1. The machine 10 comprises a number of mowing and gathering devices 12, 14, 16 which are mounted on a hinged frame 20 which is moved in a forward direction V across a field in the harvesting operation. The reference numeral 18, the longitudinal center plane of the machine 10 is marked.
    The number of mowing and intake devices 12,14,16 is arbitrary and may be 4,6, 8, 10,12,14, etc., wherein the mowing and intake devices 12, 14,16 usually arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal center plane 18 are. In the illustrated embodiment, the diameter of the mowing and collection devices 12,14,16 is preferably 75 cm, although other diameters are possible. The outwardly following, in the figure 1 for reasons of clarity not shown mowing and collection devices are preferably arranged according to DE 195 31 918 A1, i. they turn with their front sides out, with the exception of the outermost mowing and catching devices that rotate inwards with their front sides. The transverse transport at the rear of the mowing and intake devices can be supported in the gusset area between the mowing and intake devices by cross conveyor drums, but between the longitudinal center plane 18 directly adjacent mowing and intake device 12,14 and the outwardly following mowing and collection devices 16th in the embodiment shown here no cross-conveyor drum is arranged, but only a rigid rear wall 36 without moving conveyor elements.
    The mowing and collection devices 12,14,16 include lower cutting discs 22, which can rotate or stand in operation, and above arranged conveyor discs 24 distributed around its circumference recesses for receiving plant stems. Rearward of the longitudinal center plane 18 immediately adjacent mowing and collection devices 12, 14 are drum-shaped discharge conveyor 26 with superimposed conveyor discs 28, around the circumference recesses for receiving and promoting plants are distributed. The axes of rotation of the discharge conveyor 26 are at least approximately parallel to the axes of rotation of the mowing and intake devices 12,14 and inclined in harvesting vertically or by a few degrees forward. The discharge conveyor 26 receive the Emtegut delivered by the mowing and intake devices 12, 14, 16 at the rear sides and redirect the conveying direction from the original lateral direction to the rear, so that the crop through a rear discharge opening 30 of the machine 10 in a delivery channel of the machine 10 passes over a field moving and driving forage harvester (not shown).
    Between the discharge conveyors 26, of which only one is shown in FIG. 1, and rearwardly of the longitudinal center plane 18 immediately adjacent mowing and drawing-in devices 12, 14, the machine 10 is provided with a lower floor 32, which in this area the lower limit of Forming conveyor of the plants. The bottom 32 rises rearwardly and upwardly, thus enclosing an angle of less than 90 ° with the axis of rotation of the discharge conveyor 26. As a result, the height difference between the mowing and intake devices 12, 14, 16 and the discharge opening 30 is overcome. In the middle of the bottom 32 is a raised guide element 34, which facilitates the deflection of the plants to the rear.
    The attachment of the machine 10 to the forage harvester by means of a shuttle plate 38 to which the frame 20 of the machine 10 is suspended by rollers 40 movable. The drive of the discharge conveyor 26 is preferably carried out from its underside via gearboxes with fixed or variable ratio, which are mechanically connected to a transverse shaft, which is driven by the forage harvester and the mowing and intake devices 12, 14, 16 via associated, other gear and drives the mentioned transverse conveyor drums. Alternatively, the drive of the discharge conveyors 26 may be via separate hydraulic motors and gears (not shown) attached to the bottom or top of the discharge conveyor 26. As a result, the speed of the discharge conveyor 26 can be adapted to the speed of the pre-compression rollers in the feed chute of the forage harvester and / or to the conveying speed of the mowing and intake devices 12, 14, 16, which in turn can depend on the forward speed (see DE 10 2004 029 953 A1).
    Figure 2 shows the discharge conveyor 26 and its surroundings in greater detail. As already mentioned, the bottom 32 broken out here and a retaining strip 46 arranged underneath for fixing the bottom 32 to the frame 20 are arranged inclined towards the rear and above and cut out in the region surrounding the delivery conveyor 26 to the envelope of the delivery conveyor 26. The discharge conveyor 26 scrapers 48, 50 are assigned. The scrapers 50 assigned to the upper region of the discharge conveyor 26, which extends beyond the height of the mowing and intake device 14 arranged in front of it, are each of equal length and extend in the shape of a tongue between two conveying discs 28 of the delivery conveyor 26 provided with scrapers 54 arranged one above the other. The scrapers 50 are attached to a rear bracket 52 which is connected to the frame 20.
    The scrapers 48 assigned to the lower region of the delivery conveyor 26, which extends approximately over the height of the mowing and intake device 14 arranged in front of it, each have different lengths and each extend in a tongue shape between two conveying discs 28 of the delivery conveyor 26 provided with scrapers 54 The scrapers 50 are attached to a bracket 56 which is connected to the frame 20 and shown in FIG. The scrapers 48 closely conform to the drum 58 of the discharge conveyor 26 and are approximately sickle-shaped in plan view. In each case a scraper 48 extends between two superimposed conveyor discs 28 of the discharge conveyor 26, which are also equipped in the lower region with scrapers 54. The farther down the scraper 48 is, the farther it extends around the discharge conveyor 26. The leading ends 60 of the scrapers 48 are therefore the further forward of the direction of rotation of the discharge conveyor 26, the lower the respective scraper 48 is located. An imaginary line connecting the front ends 60 has approximately the same rising angle with respect to the conveying direction of the crop, which the bottom 32 also has. The individual scrapers 48 are composed of two horizontal plates 62, 64, adapted to the vertical distances of the conveyor discs 28, of which the upper plate 62 is shorter than the lower plate 64 and connected by a vertical wall 66 to the lower plate 64 is. The individual scrapers 48 are interconnected by columns 68.
    The slope of the bottom 32 allows the crop to be raised from the working level of the mowing and intake devices 12, 14, 16 to the level of the discharge port 30, although the axes of rotation of the mowing and intake devices 12, 14, 16 and the discharge conveyor 26 are approximately parallel are. The staggered on the basis of the different scrapers 48 height levy of the discharge conveyor 26, each at approximately constant horizontal distance from
    Soil 32 takes place, allows a smooth transition of the crop from the discharge conveyor 26 to the floor 32nd
    The cross-conveyor drum provided in the prior art (DE 195 31 918 A1) in the gusset area between the rear sides of the mowing and drawing-in devices 14, 16 has been omitted in the illustrated embodiment and replaced by the rear wall 36. As a result, the effort is reduced, because even the associated gear is eliminated, and the discharge conveyor 26 could be provided with a larger diameter, which simplifies the deflection of the plants to the rear.
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    claims
    A machine (10) for mowing stalk-like crop material which is movable in a forward direction (V) over a field comprising: at least two mowing and gathering means (12, 12) adjacent to one longitudinal median plane (18) of the machine (10). 14), two discharge conveyors (26) with superimposed conveyor discs (28), each of the rear of one of the mowing and collection devices (12, 14) and in front of a rear discharge opening (30) of the machine (10) are arranged, and a rear of the Mowing and collection devices (12,14) between the discharge conveyors (26) arranged bottom (32) which is inclined in an operating position of the machine (10) backwards and upwards to the height difference between the working plane of the mowing and collection devices (12 , 14) on the one hand and the plane of the discharge opening (30) on the other hand to overcome, wherein the axes of rotation of the mowing and collection devices (12,14) and the discharge conveyor (26) parallel to each other extend and the discharge conveyor (26) on the discharge side a plurality of superimposed scrapers (48) are assigned, each extending into the space between stacked conveyor discs (28) of the discharge conveyor (26), characterized in that the bottom (32) with the Rotary axes includes a non-perpendicular angle and that the scraper (48) adjacent to the bottom (32) with respect to the circumferential direction respectively offset the inclination of the bottom (32) offset, leading ends (60), so that the leading end (60) of a lower Scraper (48) in the direction of rotation of the discharge conveyor (26) in front of the leading end (60) of an overlying scraper (48).
    [2]
    A machine (10) according to claim 1, wherein the mowing and catching means (12, 14) and the discharge conveyor (26) are formed on each side of the median longitudinal plane (18) by separate units or a single unit.
    [3]
    3. Machine (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the machine (10) in addition to the longitudinal center plane (18) of the machine adjacent mowing and intake devices (12,14) outwardly following mowing and collection devices (16), the in operation in the same direction with the longitudinal center plane (18) of the machine (10) adjacent mowing and collection devices (12,14) rotate with their front sides to the outside, and wherein a rear wall (36) without moving conveyor elements between the back of outside following mowing and intake device (16) and the discharge conveyor (26) extends.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    RU2014131044A|2016-02-20|
    DE102013215799B4|2018-10-25|
    DE102013215799A1|2015-02-12|
    RU2664580C2|2018-08-21|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP0508189A1|1991-04-12|1992-10-14|Maschinenfabrik Kemper GmbH|Machine for mowing and chopping maize and such stalk crops|
    DE19527607A1|1995-07-28|1997-01-30|Karl Moosbrucker|Mowing machine for tall grass or straw - incorporates discs with cutting blades with cuttings removal discs behind them|
    DE20317022U1|2003-11-05|2004-02-12|Maschinenfabrik Bernard Krone Gmbh|harvester|
    EP1911343A1|2006-10-14|2008-04-16|Maschinenfabrik Kemper GmbH & Co. KG|Machine for harvesting stalk-type plants with stripper and a downstream guide element|
    US4470369A|1982-07-12|1984-09-11|Energy Conversion Devices, Inc.|Apparatus for uniformly heating a substrate|
    EP0099527B1|1982-07-17|1988-09-07|Maschinenfabrik Kemper GmbH|Machine for mowing and chopping corn and similar stalk crops|
    DE19531918B4|1995-08-30|2005-02-24|Maschinenfabrik Kemper Gmbh & Co. Kg|Machine for row-independent mowing and shredding of corn u. Like. Stem-like crop|
    DE29614549U1|1996-08-22|1997-12-18|Kemper Gmbh Maschf|Machine for row-independent mowing and chopping of maize and the like. stem-like crop|
    DE10108516A1|2001-02-22|2002-08-29|Kemper Gmbh Maschf|Machine for mowing stalk-like crops|
    EP1305999B2|2001-10-26|2009-08-12|Maschinenfabrik Kemper GmbH & Co. KG|Machine for mowing stalk crops|
    DE10258013A1|2002-12-12|2004-06-24|Maschinenfabrik Kemper Gmbh & Co. Kg|Machine for mowing stalk-like crops and detachable clearers|
    DE102004029953A1|2004-06-21|2006-01-12|Deere & Company, Moline|Header drive|
    DE102005004004A1|2005-01-27|2006-08-17|Maschinenfabrik Bernard Krone Gmbh|Self-propelled agricultural harvester|
    RU2331181C2|2006-02-08|2008-08-20|Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Комбайновый завод "Ростсельмаш"|Header for harvesting of rough crops|
    DE102007002659A1|2007-01-18|2008-08-07|Maschinenfabrik Kemper Gmbh & Co. Kg|Machine for mowing stalk-like crops|CN108406995B|2018-03-17|2020-04-17|河北省科学院地理科学研究所|Agricultural wheat straw utilizes automatic cutting machine that clears up|
    DE102019113350A1|2019-05-20|2020-11-26|Claas Saulgau Gmbh|Front attachment of an agricultural harvesting vehicle|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE132157991|2013-08-09|
    DE102013215799.1A|DE102013215799B4|2013-08-09|2013-08-09|Machine for mowing stalk-like crops|
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