• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:BE1020782A3
    申请号:E201200379
    申请日:2012-05-22
    公开日:2014-05-06
    发明作者:Patrick Talloen
    申请人:Televic Conference Nv；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Conference system
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to the field of multimedia conference systems comprising a central unit and a plurality of participant units.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    A multimedia conference system includes a central unit (CU) (usually one) and many participant units (DU). A participant unit contains both a web-based graphical interface and hardware buttons to participate in a conference (e.g., voting, microphone activation, volume control, ...). All sorts of different content can be displayed on the web-based interface such as microphone information, voting results, agenda, documents, videos, ...
    The total number of participant units in one conference system can be up to more than 2000 for some conference rooms. When conference rooms are connected to each other to form one virtual conference room, that number can be even higher. That is why scalability is very important.
    During a conference, many audio and video streams are sent through the network. The remaining bandwidth is used to exchange control data and "events" between the participant units and the central control unit. Control data includes, for example, signals for microphone activation and audio channel selection. Events are, for example, button events, errors, status changes. A button event, for example, takes place when a conference participant presses a button from his participant unit.
    The information exchange must be processed in real time and synchronously on all participant units. The desired way in which the conference system works is illustrated in FIG. 1. When a person presses a voting button on the touch screen or on the voting panel, a button event is sent to the central unit at time tp (see Fig. 1). The event is processed in the central unit CU on t |. On fc, each participant unit DU must receive the CU response to Event DUT. At time t3, the graphical interface is updated on all participant units. The displayed content (eg voting results) must be identical at all times for all participant units. This also means that the transport layer on the network must be reliable.
    Large amounts of conference units cannot be supported without changing the hardware configuration of the conference system. A classic, browser-based architecture includes one centralized Web server and many web clients. The participant units are the web clients. The Web server is an assigned server that hosts the web server software. The Web server exchanges information with the central unit and vice versa. They work closely together. The number of web clients served by one Web server is limited. To serve large numbers of web clients, the number of web servers must be increased. This also requires complex and expensive technology (to perform grouping ("clustering") and task balancing ("load balancing")).
    The network bandwidth required to serve the web clients becomes insufficient when a certain (high) number of web clients is reached. Web traffic must also take place alongside the audio and video streams from the conference system. This leads to network overloading, delays and longer loading times on the web clients. For this reason, an architecture with a high number of web clients is not scalable and does not work in real time. To make them scalable, additional hardware equipment is needed. An adjustment of the software may also be required. This is not easy to achieve in a conference system; the only solution is to add a LAN next to the conference network.
    FIG. 2, a conference system and a classic browser-based architecture are illustrated. The network branch unite the. two architectures. A web server park with task divider ("load balancer") is provided to serve large numbers of browser-based clients.
    The specific processing of real-time events required in a conference system cannot be achieved with the above architecture. When conducting a parliamentary vote, for example, it is essential that data and events are exchanged synchronously with all web clients in the system. A polling mechanism such as AJAX cannot be used because this is an asynchronous protocol by default (since it relates to a polling technique). A web socket protocol such as HTML5 (rfc6455) can be used to retrieve real-time behavior on one web client, but since the HTML5 web socket protocol is not a multicast protocol, other web clients cannot receive data synchronously from the server or from other clients. It goes without saying that the waiting time in the network increases as the number of web clients in the network increases.
    The aforementioned disadvantages and limitations in the solutions according to the prior art are now illustrated with reference to some examples.
    A first practical case is described with reference to FIG. 3. When a person presses a voting button on the touchscreen or on the voting panel of DU1, a button event is sent to the central unit CU at time to. The event is processed in the CU on L. At ti.1 the first participant unit DU1 receives the CU response to 'Event DU1', at ti 2 the second participant unit receives the CU response to 'Event DU1', at ti.3 the third, ... The notation ti, x here indicates a time immediately after ti. According to the applied unicast approach, the different DUs are addressed one by one.
    Shortly after t ^, on fe, the CU also sends a message with the same content as in the CU response given to the DUs to the Web server to prepare it to respond to the AJAX request from the connected browsers . After each receipt of the CU response to 'Event 1' in a DU, each browser in that DU sends an AJAX request to the Web server to receive the updated content (b.i, t3.2, ...).
    The Web server responds to each request of each connected browser at times U1, t2, ... The browsers are effectively updated one by one at times tsi, ts.2,
    The elapsed time between t 0 (time of the button event) and ts * (time when the last DU is updated) increases with the number of participant units in the network. The network traffic increases with the total number of DUs. That is why this solution is not real-time and not scalable.
    Also in the scenario shown in FIG. 4, a conference participant presses a voting button on the touchscreen or voting panel so that a button event is sent to the central unit at time t 0. The event is processed in the CU on TV. On b 1 the first participant unit DU receives the ÇU response to 'Event DU1', on ti.2 the second DU receives the CU response to 'Event DU1', on b 3 the third , ... Again the notation ti. * Indicates a time immediately after b. A unicast protocol is also applied here.
    Shortly after tri, at t2, the CU also sends a response message to the Web server to prepare it for updating the connected browsers.
    The Web server sends an update command to each connected browser at times tai, b.2, ... All browsers are updated one by one at times U.t, t «, ...
    The elapsed time between to (time of the button event) and Ux (time when the last DU is updated) increases with the number of participants in the network. Network traffic also increases with the total number of DUs. This solution is therefore not real-time and not scalable.
    These examples clearly illustrate the need for a conference system with a scalable web-based architecture that works in real time.
    Summary of the invention
    It is an object of embodiments of the present invention to provide a solution that overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks of prior art solutions and that offers a scalable solution that can work in real time.
    The above object is achieved by a participant unit, controller and conference system according to the present invention.
    In a first aspect, the invention relates to a participant unit for use in a conference system. The participant unit comprises a user interface, a web browser adapted to consult and display web-based multimedia content on the user interface, a Web server adapted to deliver the multimedia content to the web browser and storage means for storing the multimedia content, the r web browser and the web server are adapted to communicate with each other.
    A scalable conference system can actually be obtained with a participant unit according to the present invention. In the proposed solution, the web-based architecture is located in the participant unit. A Web server is provided in the participant unit to deliver the multimedia content to the web browser. The multimedia content can be stored in the participant unit. A web browser has access to the content and can display it on the user interface. The multimedia content can consist of documents (eg in the format pdf, odf, ppt, ...), audio files, video files, etc.
    Preferably, the participant unit is further arranged to exchange communication with a central unit of the conference system, wherein said communication comprises control data. The control data includes, for example, signals for microphone activation and audio channel selection. It goes without saying that not only control data is exchanged between the central unit and the participant units.
    In a preferred embodiment, the web browser and the web server are adapted to communicate in accordance with a web socket protocol.
    Advantageously, communication between web browser and web server is carried out via a bidirectional communication channel with full duplex. The web socket protocol is in a preferred embodiment an HTML5 web socket protocol.
    The communication between web browser and Web server is typically performed via a single TCP connection.
    In a second aspect, the invention relates to a controller device for use in a conference system. The controller is arranged to control a plurality of participant units of the conference system, to deliver multimedia content to said plurality of participant units and to manage the flow of the multimedia content to the plurality of participant units.
    The proposed controller means are adapted to interact with the participant units. They control the units of the conference participants. They also ensure that the multimedia content is delivered to those units (more specifically to the Web server in the unit). The controller manages the flow of multimedia content in the sense that it ensures that the multimedia content is transferred in a scalable and reliable manner from the central unit to the participant units.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the controller is integrated in a central unit of the conference system as described.
    In a further aspect, the invention relates to a conference system comprising a plurality of participant units as described in the foregoing, a central unit and a controller as mentioned. Optionally, the controller is integrated in the central unit. Advantageously, the controller is integrated in the central unit.
    In a preferred embodiment, the controller and the plurality of subscriber units are arranged to communicate with each other according to a multicast protocol that enables the detection and retransmission of lost data packets.
    In order to summarize the invention and the realized advantages over the prior art, certain objects and advantages of the invention have been described above. It goes without saying that all such objectives or advantages are not necessarily achieved in accordance with one specific embodiment of the invention. Thus, for example, persons skilled in the art will recognize that the invention may be embodied or embodied in a manner that achieves or optimizes one benefit or group of benefits as described herein, without necessarily realizing other goals or benefits described or suggested herein. .
    The above and other aspects of the invention will become clear and further explained with reference to the embodiment (s) described below.
    Brief description of the drawings
    The invention will be further described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
    FIG. 1 illustrates the desired response from a conference system to a button event launched by a conference participant's unit.
    FIG. 2 represents a browser-based architecture as is known in the art.
    FIG. 3 illustrates a first example of limiting state of the art solutions.
    FIG. 4 illustrates a second example of limiting prior art solutions.
    FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention.
    FIG. 6 illustrates the approach of the present invention expressed in a client-server context.
    FIG. 7 illustrates a reliable transport layer protocol for sending conference data.
    FIG. 8 illustrates the operation of a conference system according to an embodiment of the invention.
    Detailed description of illustrative embodiments
    The present invention will be described with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to certain drawings, but the invention is not limited thereto, but is only limited by the claims.
    In addition, the terms first, second, etc. are used in the description and in the claims to distinguish between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a sequence, either in time, in space, in importance or in any other way. It is to be understood that the terms used are interchangeable under proper conditions and that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operating in sequences other than those described or illustrated herein.
    It is to be noted that the term "comprising" as used in the claims should not be interpreted as being limited to the means specified thereafter; it does not exclude other elements or steps. It must therefore be interpreted as a specification of the presence of the listed features, units, steps or components referred to, but it does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, units, steps or components or groups thereof. Therefore, the scope of the expression "a device comprising means A and B" should not be limited to devices consisting only of parts A and B. It means that with regard to the present invention, the only relevant parts of the device A and B to be.
    References in this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" mean that a particular feature, structure, or feature described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Mentions of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" at different places in this specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, but it is possible. Furthermore, the specific features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure.
    In a similar manner, it should be noted that in the description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof to streamline disclosure and understanding of one or more of the facilitate various inventive aspects. However, this method of disclosure should not be interpreted as an expression of an intention that the claimed invention requires more features than expressly stated in each claim. As shown in the following claims, the inventive aspects lie in less than all the features of a single preceding disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the claims that follow the detailed description are hereby explicitly included in this detailed description, wherein each claim stands on its own as a separate embodiment of the present invention.
    In addition, since some embodiments described herein include some, but not other, features included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are intended to fall within the scope of the invention and to form different embodiments, such as will be understood by someone skilled in this field. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.
    It should be noted that the use of particular terminology in describing certain aspects of the invention does not imply that the terminology herein is redefined to be limited to any specific features of the features or aspects of the invention with which that terminology is associated.
    Numerous specific details are set forth in the description given here. However, it is understood that embodiments of the invention can be worked out without these specific details. In other cases, well-known methods, structures and techniques were not shown in detail in order not to obstruct the understanding of this description.
    In the present invention, a scalable, real-time web approach is applied wherein the web architecture is moved to the individual participant unit (DU) by incorporating a Web server and a web browser into each DU. A central Web server is no longer required. Another advantage of the proposed solution is that due to the local storage, no web traffic related to conference data runs through the network. Web traffic from the internet still runs through the network, but is kept under control by providing more bandwidth and allocating a lower QoS (Quality of Service) for this type of traffic. In order to surf the internet at high speed, the hardware of the conference network must be changed. However, this is beyond the scope of the present invention:
    A Web server in the participant unit helps to deliver content that can be accessed through the local store. An alternative may be that the content is consulted via the intranet. But in that case, the problem of the lack of scalability is again a concern. A web browser is used to consult information provided by a web server. Preferably, the web browser and the web server communicate with each other in accordance with a sink socket protocol. A websocket is a web technology that provides bidirectional communication channels with full duplex, typically via a single TCP sceket (Transmission Control Protocol).
    The present invention also describes a controller device for controlling the participant units of the conference system. In a most preferred embodiment, the controller is integrated in the central unit of the conference system. But in one embodiment, the controller is a separate device that, together with the participant units and the central unit, forms the most important building blocks of the conference system. The main tasks to be performed by the controller relate to controlling the participant units and managing the flow of multimedia content to the different participant units. The rest of this description assumes that the controller is part of the central unit.
    The web pages and content (files) to be displayed during the conference in the browser of the delegate unit are moved from the central Web server (as in the prior art) to the central unit CU and to the local storage of every DU. A multicast storage synchronization protocol is added to the CU and the participant units to transfer the content from the CU to the DUs in a scalable way. By using a multicast protocol, the central unit only needs to send the content once. The participant units receive the content at the same time. The number of participant units in the conference system is no longer important: the proposed solution can be scaled from a small system to a system with thousands of participant units. The synchronization process takes place before or during a conference. This is preferably done before the meeting, because this process can take some time. Possible lost frames are resent during the transfer process.
    To ensure communication between the Web server and the web browser, an HTML5 web socket protocol (rfc6455) is implemented between the web browser and the embedded web socket server on the participant unit. In this way, the data can be exchanged in real-time between the browser and the web socket server, and vice versa. It is not necessary to use a "polling" mechanism such as AJAX.
    FIG. 5 represents a participant unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. The Web server and the web socket server are built into a built-in application. They are connected to each other. They do not run alongside the built-in application, but are part of the built-in application. The choice for a built-in application brings; several additional advantages, for example low RAM energy consumption, minimal CPU use, cross compilation for multiple CPU and operating system combinations, etc. The participant unit comprises a browser (5) and a
    Web server (7). In a most preferred embodiment, the communication between these two components takes place via a web socket protocol. The browser also communicates with the Web server via http.
    The participant units are also the clients in a client-server architecture where the control unit CU assumes the role of the server. The CU and the delegate units exchange conference information (e.g., voting button events, voting results, microphone events, ...). In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a modified, reliable transport layer is used to make everything real-time and scalable. FIG. 6 provides an illustration of the participant units, expressed in a client-server context. In a first branch the participant units can be seen, connected to the conference network, in a second branch the PC-based participant units can be seen in a LAN environment.
    A reliable transport layer for sending conference data between the central unit CU and the participant units (DUs) is presented as an example (see Fig. 7). The basic architecture of the RBP (Reliable Broadcast Protocol) includes a transmission source (CU) for sending content, and one or more receivers (DUs). The CU sends consecutive content to the DUs in sessions by means of a transmission protocol. The participant units listen to transmitted original data (ODATA), detect missing content based on the sequence numbers and send negative unicast confirmations (NAKs) back to the CU. NAKs are answered by sending NAK acknowledgments (NCFs) that suppress all NAKs of DUs. The CU sends transmission recovery data (RDATA) to DUs with the missing content. The CU must retain a sliding window of resendable information. Participant units never need to communicate with the CU Central Unit unless they request recovery data with a negative confirmation. However, that means that the CU determines the window size for each DU. The absence of positive DU to CU acknowledgments also means that the proposed RBP is well scalable and leads to less traffic of control messages that could flood the network. The DUs can receive an RBP session from the CU at any time and possible missing previous information · requests that the receiving application needs. If the session is long enough: or the transmission window is small enough so that the central unit CU does not keep a long session history, the receiver cannot obtain all required information.
    The CU generates consecutive packets of ODATA that are sent to the DUs.
    Alternately with the content packets, source path messages (SPMs) are sent, which inform the DUs about their upstream RBP source. ODATA packages and SPMs are sent from the CU. The CU confirms a received NAK by sending an NCF downstream to the DU. NCFs ensure that RBP receivers do not bomb their sources with NAKs. The CU also responds to NAKs by sending RDATA packets with the same serial number as indicated by the NAK.
    The DUs accept all types of downstream RBP messages: ODATA, SPMs, NCFs and RDATA. The DUs process the ODATA packets as they arrive from the CU and constantly check the 32-bit sequence number in the ODATA RBP header for holes in the order. If the DU detects missing information, it generates a NAK for that sequence number. The NAK is sent upstream to the CU unicast. A DU knows that her NAK was received by the CU when she receives an NCF in response to her NAK. If multiple DUs lack the same ODATA package, DUs that receive an NCF for the package before sending an NAK suppress the NAK. If a DU does not receive an NCF in response to a NAK, the DU application can resend a NAK or continue with the certainty that information is missing. After the NCF, DUs receive an RDATA package with the same serial number as indicated in the NAK and a copy of the missing ODATA.
    The participant unit now has all the information or knows for sure which information is missing.
    Various alternative implementations of reliable transport protocols are conceivable, which persons skilled in the matter will immediately recognize. For example, instead of using a negative confirmation, a positive confirmation can be used. The DU will then explicitly inform the sender (CU) of the messages or packages that have been received correctly, implicitly informing the sender which packages were not received even though they were sent and may therefore need to be resent.
    The proposed solution can also be applied in a LAN environment (see Fig. 6) by simply replacing the modified transport layer with a reliable multicast protocol (rfc3802).
    FIG. 8 shows a typical application of a conference system according to the present invention. When a conference participant presses a voting button on the touchscreen or on the voting panel, a button event is sent to the CU at time to. The event is processed in the CU op ti. To receive all DUs the CU response to "Event DU1". At time t3 the answer is given to the websocket server of the DUs. The web socket server in each DU transfers the response via the local host to the local web browser (U): Every browser is updated. The proposed solution is indeed scalable, real-time and web-based.
    Although the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such illustrations and descriptions are to be considered as illustrative or exemplary and not restrictive. The foregoing description explains certain embodiments of the invention in detail. It should be noted, however, that no matter how detailed the foregoing is contained in the text, the invention can be made in many ways. The invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments.
    Other variations on the disclosed embodiments may be understood and performed by persons skilled in the art and by practicing the claimed invention, through a study of the drawings, the Disclosure and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps and the indefinite article "a" does not exclude plural. A single processor or other unit can perform the functions of different items in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are listed in mutually different dependent claims does not mean that a combination of those measures cannot be used to benefit. A computer program can be stored / distributed on a suitable medium, such as an optical storage medium or semiconductor medium supplied with or as part of other hardware, but can also be distributed in other forms, such as via the internet or other wired or wireless telecommunication systems. Any references in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    A participant unit (1) for use in a conference system comprising a user interface (3), a web browser (5) adapted to consult and display web-based multimedia content on said user interface, a Web server (7) adapted to said multimedia content to supply to said web browser (5) and storage means for storing said multimedia content, said web browser and said Web server being adapted to communicate with each other.
    [2]
    A participant unit (1) according to claim 1, further adapted to exchange communication with a central unit (21) of said conference system, said communication comprising control data.
    [3]
    A participant unit (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said web browser and said web server are adapted to communicate according to a web socket protocol.
    [4]
    A participant unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said web browser and said web server are adapted to communicate via a bidirectional communication channel with full duplex.
    [5]
    A participant unit (1) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein said web socket protocol is an HTML5 web socket protocol.
    [6]
    A participant unit (1) according to any of claims 3 to 5, wherein said web browser and said web server are adapted to communicate via a single TCP socket.
    [7]
    Controller means (11) for use in a conference system, arranged to control a plurality of participant units, to deliver multimedia content to said plurality of participant units, and to manage the flow of said multimedia content to said plurality of participant units.
    [8]
    Central unit (21) comprising controller means according to claim 7.
    [9]
    A conference system comprising a plurality of participant units (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, a central unit (21) and a controller according to claim 7.
    [10]
    The conference system of claim 9, wherein said controller and said plurality of participant units are arranged to communicate with each other according to a multicast protocol that allows for the detection and retransmission of lost data packets.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP12161762|2012-03-28|
    EP12161762.5A|EP2645688A1|2012-03-28|2012-03-28|Conference system|
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