• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:BE1020728A3
    申请号:E201200785
    申请日:2012-11-20
    公开日:2014-04-01
    发明作者:Bernardus Abbeel
    申请人:Proactive House Nv；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Reservoir for thermal energy storage, installation provided with such a reservoir for utilizing heat at low temperature and method for manufacturing such a system.
    The present invention relates to a thermal energy storage reservoir coupled to a heat pump system for utilizing low temperature heat.
    More specifically, a reservoir comprising a thermally insulated and liquid-tight vessel for storing a buffer liquid whose heat can be used in a heating installation of a building and which is provided for this purpose with a heat exchanger in the aforementioned vessel, which heat exchanger is connected to an inlet - and outlet opening for a liquid.
    Numerous technologies are already known for the useful use of natural heat sources for heating buildings, such as, for example, the use of geothermal energy by means of a heat pump or the use of radiant heat from the sun by means of a solar collector.
    It is an object of the present invention to be able to store such heat in water and ice as a buffering liquid to be used for heating at a desired time.
    The present invention thus contemplates a reservoir which is suitable for use in an installation for heating a building, wherein minimal thermal losses through the wall of the reservoir and minimal material and construction costs are pursued.
    To this end the invention relates to a reservoir which comprises a thermally insulated and liquid-tight vessel for storing a buffer liquid whose heat can be used in a heating installation of a building and which is for this purpose provided with a heat exchanger in the aforementioned vessel, which heat exchanger is connected to an inlet and outlet opening for a liquid, wherein, according to the particular feature of the invention, the reservoir further comprises an aluminum casing in which the aforementioned vessel is arranged and wherein this casing is also thermally insulated within.
    The most important advantages of a reservoir according to the invention for thermal energy storage is that it can be manufactured simply and quickly at limited material and hour costs, while it ensures extremely good thermal insulation through the combination of an insulated vessel in an insulated casing.
    As a result, such a reservoir according to the invention is extremely suitable for use in heating installations of, for example, private homes or buildings, thereby fulfilling the function of a storage tank of a liquid and wherein the heat present in this liquid can be used, for example, in the house for climatization purposes. The invention is of course not limited to use in a home, but can also be applied in large buildings such as apartment buildings, commercial buildings and the like.
    According to a preferred feature of the invention, a space is provided between the aforementioned insulated vessel and the enclosure that is filled with a thermally insulating filler, for example air, balls of polystyrene foam, and polyurethane plates.
    Such a thermal insulating filler ensures on the one hand that the insulation value of the entire wall of the reservoir is further optimized, while also a mechanical buffer zone is obtained for absorbing expansion and / or contraction of the vessel relative to the tub.
    The present invention also relates to an installation which is provided with a reservoir as described above, and wherein this installation is also provided with a heat pump which is thermally coupled by means of an additional heat exchanger to a closed liquid circuit in which the aforementioned heat exchanger of the reservoir , as well as a circulation pump.
    In this way, due to the thermal coupling between the vessel and the heat pump, it is ensured that, for example during the winter, the heat pump can extract heat from the liquid supplied from the reservoir via the aforementioned additional heat exchanger, so as to be thus used for heating, for example, a tap water boiler, a floor heating network or the like. Because of the direct coupling of the heat pump to the buffer vessel, the buffer vessel is used as a source by the heat pump and the heat between approximately 20 and -5 degrees in the buffer vessel can be used directly
    Even in winter, the solar panels always have temperatures that exceed 20 degrees during the day, so that there is a continuous filling of heat in the buffer tank and a decrease from the buffer tank between approximately -5 and 20 degrees.
    According to a highly preferred feature of the invention, the reservoir is further provided with a second heat exchanger with a second inlet opening and outlet opening and this second inlet opening is connected to a solar collector for supplying a medium heated in the solar collector.
    The heat, for example, extracted from the aforementioned vessel during the winter months by the heat pump, can thus be constantly supplemented with heat absorbed by the solar collector.
    Finally, the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a reservoir, which method comprises the following steps: providing a thermally insulated and liquid-tight vessel for storing a buffer liquid whose heat can be used in a heating installation of a building; - providing a thermally insulated casing; - arranging the casing around said vessel; - providing a flexible heat exchanger in the aforementioned vessel, which heat exchanger is connected to an inlet and outlet opening on the reservoir.
    With the insight to better demonstrate the features of the invention, a few preferred embodiments of a reservoir according to the invention for thermal energy storage are described below as an example without any limiting character, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: figure 1 shows diagrammatically a represents a cross-section of a reservoir according to the invention; and figure 2 represents an installation comprising a reservoir according to the invention.
    Figure 1 shows a reservoir 1 according to the invention which is provided with an aluminum casing 2 which contains a bottom wall and side walls.
    According to the invention, the aforementioned casing 2 is thermally insulated, for example, but not necessarily, by means of polyurethane panels (PUR) 5 which are arranged against the aforementioned walls.
    Furthermore, the reservoir 1 according to the invention comprises a liquid-tight vessel 6, which in this case is provided with legs 7. The relevant vessel 6 is preferably made of steel or an elastic material, but, the invention is not limited as such, since this also involves other suitable materials can be used.
    The vessel 6 is preferably treated with a temperature-resistant primer or coating that protects any steel from rusting.
    The relevant vessel 6, in this case on its outside, is also provided with a thermal insulation, preferably polyurethane spray (PUR) with a thickness of, for example, nearly 20 centimeters. The aforementioned primer simultaneously ensures good adhesion of the polyurethane foam with the vessel 6.
    The use of polyurethane spray as the insulating layer of the vessel 6 has the important advantage that such an insulating layer is airtight and watertight, whereby the possible rusting of the vessel 6 is avoided.
    According to the specific feature of the invention, the aforementioned vessel 6 is arranged in the aforementioned casing 2.
    To this end, thermally insulated beams are provided on the bottom wall of the casing 2 that can support the weight of the vessel 6. Alternatively or additionally, the legs 7 are provided with an appropriate thermal break.
    Between the aforementioned vessel 6 and the casing 2, a space is preferably provided which is filled with a thermally insulating filler 10, which may for instance comprise one or more of the following and / or other materials: air, balls of polystyrene foam, polyurethane and / or glass wool .
    According to the invention, the reservoir 1 is further provided with a first flexible heat exchanger 11 in the aforementioned vessel 6 which is connected to a first inlet opening 12 and a first outlet opening 13 for a liquid.
    A second flexible heat exchanger 14 is also provided in the vessel 6, which in this case is connected to a second inlet opening 15 and a second outlet opening 16.
    The aforementioned heat exchangers 11 and 14 are made of heat-conducting and frost-resistant material.
    Pure water is preferably used as buffer liquid, since this can prevent any problems with regard to scale deposition on heat exchangers 11 and 14
    The size of the vessel 6 can of course assume many different proportions. For example, in one possible embodiment of such a reservoir, the vessel will have a capacity of nearly five thousand liters, but the invention is by no means limited as such.
    Figure 2 schematically shows a hydraulic diagram of an installation 18 which comprises a reservoir 1 according to the invention. For the sake of simplicity of the figure and of the description, not all peripheral equipment such as all possible valves, valves, pumps, sensors, expansion vessels and / or the like is shown in the figures. Only the parts that are strictly necessary to clarify the operation of the installation 18 are included.

    In this example, the aforementioned installation 18 comprises two separate systems which make use of heat available in nature, with radiant heat from the sun and, in exceptional circumstances, geothermal energy.
    For this purpose the installation 18 has a solar collector 19 which is constructed in a known manner and forms part of a circuit in which a solar boiler 20 and a pump 21 are also included.
    Both the supply line 22 and the discharge line 23 of the solar collector 19 are provided with a branch line 24, 25, respectively, which connect to the second outlet opening 16 and second inlet opening 15 of the vessel 6, respectively.
    The installation 18 is furthermore provided with a heat pump 26 which is in the traditional manner. built with an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser and expansion means.
    The evaporator has, as is known, a primary side through which the cooling medium of the closed circuit of the heat pump flows, and a secondary side that forms part of a separate circuit.
    A horizontal ground heat exchanger 27 can optionally be added as a backup system. This is installed at a depth of 2 meters to prevent disturbance of soil and drinking water layers.
    The evaporator of the heat pump 26 provides the thermal supply of a tap water boiler 28 and a heating network 29, for example a floor heating of a building.
    The first inlet opening 12 and the first outlet opening 13 of the reservoir 1 connect to the outlet side and inlet side of the primary side of a third heat exchanger 30, respectively.
    The secondary side of the relevant third heat exchanger 30 connects via two branch pipes 31, 32 respectively to the respective connecting pipes 33 and 34 between the heat pump 26 and any ground heat exchanger 27.
    A fourth heat exchanger 35 is also provided with, on the one hand, a primary side which is fed by fresh tap water and which flows into the zone boiler 20, and, on the other hand, a secondary side which is connected to the respective first. inlet opening 12 and first outlet opening 13 of the reservoir 1.
    The solar boiler 20 is provided with a tap water outlet which is connected to the tap water boiler 28 of the heat pump 26.
    The operation of the installation 18 is simple and as follows.
    By the action of sunlight on the solar collector 19, a warm medium is fed from this solar collector 19, via the discharge line 23, to the solar boiler 20 for heating it up, for example to a predetermined minimum temperature of, for example, substantially fifty degrees Celsius.
    As soon as the aforementioned predetermined minimum temperature has been reached in the solar boiler 20, the warm medium is fed from the solar collector 19 via the branch line 25 to the second heat exchanger 14 in the vessel 6 for heating up the buffer liquid present in this vessel 6 which, for example, can consist of water.
    The temperature of the buffer liquid in the vessel 6 can in this way be heated, for example, to a temperature of ninety-five degrees Celsius.
    When the sunlight disappears, for example at night, the supply of warm medium from the solar collector 19 to the solar boiler 20 or to the second heat exchanger 14 can be shut off in a known manner, for example by closing a valve, stopping a circulation pump , or similar.
    In order to be able to realize the aforementioned control of the circuits with the solar collector 19, temperature sensors are not preferably provided in the vessel 6, on the outlet side of the solar collector 19 and in the solar boiler 20.
    The heat that is introduced into the vessel 6 via the solar collector 19 is stored there by the buffer liquid and is stored for a very long period by the high insulation value obtained by the specific arrangement of the thermally insulated vessel 6 in the thermally insulated envelope. saved.
    The greater the volume content of the vessel 6, the longer the captured thermal energy can be stored in the vessel 6.
    In the event that the solar collector 19 cannot gather sufficient heat to heat the temperature in the solar boiler 20 above the minimum temperature of, for example, 40 degrees Celsius, heat can be supplied from the vessel 6 or via the heat pump 26 if the temperature in the tank 6 between 20 and -5 degrees Celsius (the water can be frozen to an average of - 2 degrees so that a huge amount of heat is absorbed.) whereby the buffer tank functions as a source for the heat pump.
    When the temperature in the vessel 6 is lower than, for example, - 5 degrees Celsius, and there is no direct supply of heat from the solar panels, heat can be supplied via the heat pump 26 from the possible ground heat exchanger 27.
    This connection thus ensures that sanitary hot water and water are available for heating throughout the year, heated by the sun.
    Due to the thermal coupling between the vessel 6 and the heat pump 26, it is ensured that, for example, during the winter, via the aforementioned third heat exchanger 30, the heat pump 26 can extract heat from the liquid supplied from the reservoir 1, so as to be used for heating, for example, the underfloor heating network 29, the tap water boiler 28 or the like.
    According to the invention, the heat which is extracted from the aforementioned vessel 6 during the winter months by the heat pump 26 can be constantly supplemented with heat absorbed by the solar collector 19. After all, the solar collectors, if placed in series, have a temperature above 20 degrees for almost the entire year.
    The heat pump 26 extracts heat from the vessel 6 during the winter months, until the temperature of the buffer liquid contained therein (water to 0 degrees and ice to -5 degrees) is, for example, substantially -5 Celsius. Namely, at that temperature, heat inflow from the solar collector 19 into the vessel 6 is possible for almost a whole year.
    Tap water which is passed through the solar boiler 20 to be pre-heated, is then passed through the tap water boiler 28 for possible further heating.
    The optional ground heat exchanger 27 can be provided in an installation 18 according to the invention, as an emergency thermal feed, for example in extreme climatic situations in which the ambient temperature during a relatively long period of, for example, ten days is -20 ° C or less.
    For example, the possible ground heat exchanger 27 can be used, for example, as a thermal feed for the heat pump 26 when the temperature in the vessel 6 drops, for example, to a value of less than -5 degrees Celsius. However, since the solar collector 19 is capable of heating the temperature in the vessel 6 to 20 degrees Celsius for more than three hundred and thirty days per year, the use of geothermal heat can be reduced to an absolute minimum or even become superfluous.
    A substantially analogous control as described above with regard to the solar boiler 20 can be used for the temperature control of the heating network 29, the minimum temperature of which is preferably approximately thirty degrees Celsius.
    In case the temperature in the vessel 6 is higher than 27 degrees Celsius, heat can be supplied directly from this vessel 6 to the heating network 29 via a pump.
    If the temperature in the vessel 6 is between -5 and twenty degrees Celsius, the heat is transferred from the vessel 6 to the heating network 29 via the heat pump 26.
    When the temperature in the vessel 6 is lower than -5 degrees Celsius, heat can be supplied to the heating network 29 from the possible ground heat exchanger 27, via the heat pump 26.
    Note that the yield of the active valorization of the energy stored in the vessel 6, ie when the buffer liquid is permanently heated and cooled between -5 and twenty degrees Celsius, can be up to ten times higher than the energy content of the vessel 6 itself.
    According to a highly preferred feature of the invention, the vessel 6 is not only provided with the aforementioned temperature sensors for being able to implement the above-described control, but also comprises a pressure sensor as protection.
    The present invention is by no means limited to the exemplary embodiments described and shown in the figure, but, a reservoir 1 according to the invention for thermal energy storage and an installation with heat pump for utilizing heat at low temperature can be designed in various shapes and sizes without departing from the scope of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1]
    A reservoir comprising a thermally insulated and liquid-tight vessel (6) for storing a buffer liquid whose heat can be used in a heating installation of a building and which is at least provided for this purpose with a first heat exchanger (11) in said vessel ( 6), which first heat exchanger (11) is connected to a first inlet and outlet opening (12, 13, respectively) for a liquid, characterized in that the reservoir (1) further comprises an aluminum casing (2) in which the aforementioned vessel (6) ) is arranged and wherein this aluminum casing (2) is also thermally insulated on the inside.
    [2]
    A reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that a space is provided between the aforementioned vessel (6) and the casing (2) that is filled with a thermally insulating filler (10).
    [3]
    The reservoir according to claim 2, characterized in that said thermal insulating filler (10) comprises one or more of the following materials: air, spheres of polystyrene foam and / or glass wool and polyurethane foam.
    [4]
    Reservoir according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the above-mentioned vessel (6) is thermally insulated by means of a layer of polyurethane spray (5 and / or 8).
    [5]
    A reservoir according to claim 4, characterized in that the aforementioned layer of polyurethane spray is substantially 20 centimeters thick. Reservoir that according to description has sufficient elasticity and strength to allow the water to freeze.
    [6]
    Reservoir according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the aforementioned vessel (6) is placed on thermally insulated beams (9) on the bottom (3) of the aforementioned casing (2).
    [7]
    A reservoir according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is provided with a second heat exchanger (14) with a second inlet opening (15) and outlet opening (16).
    [8]
    Reservoir according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the above-mentioned envelope (2) is thermally insulated.
    [9]
    The reservoir according to claim 8, characterized in that the aforementioned casing (2) is thermally insulated with polyurethane.
    [10]
    Installation characterized in that it is provided with a reservoir (1) according to one of the preceding claims; and that it is also provided with a heat pump (26) which is thermally coupled by means of an additional heat exchanger (30) to a closed liquid circuit in which the aforementioned first heat exchanger (12) of the reservoir (1) is accommodated.
    [11]
    Installation according to claim 10, characterized in that the reservoir (1) is provided with a second heat exchanger (14) with a second inlet opening (15) and outlet opening (16); and the inlet opening (15) of this second heat exchanger (14) is connected to a solar collector (19) for supplying a medium heated in the solar collector (19).
    [12]
    A method for manufacturing a reservoir (1), characterized in that this method comprises the following steps: providing a thermally insulated and liquid-tight vessel (6) for storing a buffer liquid whose heat can be used in a heating installation of a building; - providing a thermally insulating envelope (2); - arranging (2) around said vessel (6) of the casing (2); - providing at least a first heat exchanger (11) in the aforementioned vessel (6), which first heat exchanger (11) is connected to an inlet and outlet opening (12, 13, respectively) on the reservoir (1).
    [13]
    Method according to claim 12, characterized in that this method also comprises the step of filling the space formed between said vessel (6) and the casing (2) with a thermally insulating filler (10).
    [14]
    Method according to claim 13, characterized in that one or more of the following materials are used for the above-mentioned thermally insulating filler (10): air, balls of polystyrene foam, glass wool, or polyurethane foam
    [15]
    Method according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that it comprises the step of thermally insulating said vessel (6) by means of a polyurethane spray.
    [16]
    Method according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that it comprises the step of providing a second heat exchanger (14) in the vessel (6) with a second inlet opening (15) and outlet opening (16).
    [17]
    Method according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that it comprises the step of thermally insulating the casing (2).
    [18]
    Method according to claim 17, characterized in that the tub (2) is thermally insulated by means of polyurethane.
    [19]
    19 .- Method in which a thermal hydraulic system is connected to the buffer vessel that makes it possible to use the buffer vessel as a source of the heat pump at temperatures between -5 and 20 degrees Celsius.
    [20]
    20. Method in which the solar collectors are so connected to the buffer tank and heat pump that they continuously supply the heat to the buffer tank at low temperatures
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    BE2011/0682A|BE1020328A3|2011-11-23|2011-11-23|RESERVOIR FOR THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE, INSTALLATION EQUIPPED WITH SUCH RESERVOIR AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH RESERVOIR.|
    BE201100682|2011-11-23|
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