• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:BE1020494A3
    申请号:E201200075
    申请日:2012-02-07
    公开日:2013-11-05
    发明作者:Alfred Dethier
    申请人:Cockerill Maintenance & Ingenierie Sa；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    ALTERNATIVE FLOW EXCHANGER Field of the invention
    The present invention relates to the technical field of single-pass vertical heat exchangers / evaporators.
    General context of the invention and prior art
    It is known that in a concentrated solar power plant (CSP), an intermediate thermal fluid is often used. The reason lies in the ease of circulation of these fluids, working at high temperature, but at low pressure.
    Solar radiation is directed and concentrated by means of parabolic or planar mirrors to a heat exchanger containing the thermal fluid.
    Circulation of the thermal fluid brings the heat back to. a water / steam exchanger converting the heat captured by the thermal fluid into a vapor that can be used in a steam turbine.
    The turbine is part of a conventional steam cycle in a power plant and is coupled to a generator producing electric power.
    The thermal fluid / water vapor heat exchangers are mainly classified into two categories: the boiler evaporator: a bundle of tubes is immersed in a boiler tank (or tank) and is traversed by the thermal fluid. The water contained in the tank is thus heated and transformed into steam; .
    the beam heat exchanger: the heating fluid is contained in a tank and the water / vapor circulates through a bundle of tubes embedded in the tank.
    In the first case, the evaporator can generate only saturated steam which must then be superheated in a separate heat exchanger, which is also fed with a thermal fluid.
    In the second case, the water can be transformed into superheated steam, which can be used directly in a turbine, with a single passage: it is then a mono-tubular or single-pass boiler.
    The beam exchanger makes it possible to work at high pressure, which guarantees a better yield, while allowing the control of cyclic thermal stresses.
    In the prior art, Siemens AG has developed a beam exchanger, according to the once-through technology (or so-called Benson), which is used in many conventional power plants. But the heat exchanger of this design has drawbacks such as its cost and its near impossibility to be maintained.
    In a so-called "heat exchanger / evaporator"; ferrule and tubes "of the prior art, a cylindrical shell houses a bundle of parallel tubes extending between two-nannies or end collectors so that a first; fluid, usually water intended to be transformed eh,. vapor in the ferrule, can pass tightly through the pipes. For example, the feed water is supplied to the lower ends of the pipes in the bundle of tubes through the lower manifold. The steam is discharged through the upper end of the tube bundle through sections of pipes into the upper manifold. A second fluid (e.g., liquid sodium in US 3,628,507) is fed to the housing in its upper portion through an upper inlet and, after having flowed downward in a countercurrent relationship with the. first liquid flowing in, the bundle of pipes, is. discharged by an outlet located at the lower part of the ferrule.
    In order to provide improved heat exchange between the two fluids, the flow path of the second fluid is determined by intermediate baffles forming respective passages so that the second fluid flow changes its direction from one passage to the next. .
    The deflectors are in the form of partial circular segments or rings and annular discs installed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the ferrule to provide a zigzag flow of the second fluid.
    In order to improve the efficiency of the transfer speed,. WO 2009/148822 discloses baffles mounted in the shell for guiding the fluid in a helical flow pattern, with different helix angles when the baffle is near the inlet and outlet respectively .
    US 2003/0116306 discloses a.
    heat exchanger / evaporator very similar with a ferrule exchanger and tubes of the prior art with tubular plates, collectors, etc., for the first fluid and baffles perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the housing to change the direction of the second fluid. In addition, the tubes carrying the first fluid are provided with internal baffles converting the right tube channel into two spiral channels with a semi-circular section. These channels define a spiral flow path for the steam generated in the heat exchange tube from the vapor-liquid mixture entering the tube. :
    CN 200993535 Y discloses a vertical steam-water heat exchanger designed to vent gases that can not be condensed in the upper region of the exchanger shell, causing traffic disturbance, and eventually overheating. and the destruction of the heat exchange tubes The exchanger shell is made with tubular plates or assembled plates to pass alternate baffle plates, a disadvantage of this configuration is that the exchange of heat is reduced to the center of the ferrule.
    Goals of the invention
    The present invention aims to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art.
    More particularly, the object of the invention is to propose a new type of heat exchanger of the beam or single pass type.
    The invention also provides a heat exchanger with lower cost and maintenance made possible.
    Summary of the invention
    The present invention relates to a vertical heat exchanger / evaporator comprising a cylindrical shell-housing a bundle of parallel vertical tubes in which, in use, flows a first fluid, said tubes extending between a bottom end plate and an upper end plate, said lower end plate being fed with said first fluid by an inlet manifold and said top end plate.
    delivering superheated steam from said first fluid at an outlet manifold, said ferrule being respectively provided in its upper part with an inlet and in its lower part with an outlet for a second fluid, so that in use said second fluid flows downwardly against the current of the first fluid flowing in the tube bundle, said ferrule being provided with horizontal deflectors defining the enclosure in several vertically superposed stages, characterized in that said ferrule also comprises a central cylindrical deflector having closed ends forming, at each stage, a loop space traversed by the second fluid, said tubes being arranged in the shell outside the central cylindrical deflector, with passages designed between two contiguous stages, so that the second fluid flows alternately in reverse rotation in the diodes ts two adjoining floors.
    According to the preferred embodiments of the invention, the vertical heat exchanger / evaporator also comprises one or a suitable combination of the following features: the first fluid is a mixture of water and water vapor; said tubes are arranged in circles in the shell outside the central cylindrical baffle; said tubes are provided with outer fins arranged spirally; the first fluid inlet manifold is provided with an expansion joint to allow differential expansion between the tubes and the ferrule; the junction between the tubes and at least one manifold comprises a flexible lyre to allow differential expansion between the tubes of the bundle; the manifolds are provided with cavities allowing access to control, repair or replace a tube or assembly. . . '
    Brief description of the drawings
    Figure 1 shows schematically a longitudinal sectional view of the heat exchanger according to the invention.
    Figure 2 schematically shows three cross-sectional views of the heat exchanger of Figure 1.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION AND PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The object of the invention is a heat exchanger, as illustrated in FIG. 1, having a reciprocal flow in which the tubes 2 of the heat exchanger 1 are traversed by water / steam. The quantity of tubes 2 depends on the vapor flow taken into consideration, its pressure and its chosen temperature. All tubes 2, forming a bundle, are installed in parallel, vertically and are designed "single pass", between an inlet manifold 3 and an outlet manifold 4.. . ·
    The tubes 2 are advantageously provided with transverse or longitudinal fins (not shown) arranged in. ... spiral to increase the surface of. the external exchange, which is in contact with the thermal fluid.
    The entire bundle of tubes is contained in a substantially vertical cylindrical enclosure (or shell or shell) 9, traversed by the thermal fluid. A type of ; the enclosure moving away to a certain extent from the strictly cylindrical shape may also be within the scope of the invention.
    The cylindrical chamber comprises horizontal deflectors 5, dividing the cylindrical chamber into different stages 7. The deflectors 5 each comprise an opening for the passage of the thermal fluid.
    A cylindrical deflector 6 with a closed end is "installed in the center of the cylinder 9, thereby forming an annular space which is traversed by the fluid.
    The tubes 2 are preferably arranged in circles inside the cylinder 9, except for two zones 8 (or 8 ', 8' ') which are dedicated to the passage of fluid from one stage 7 to the other (see FIG. Figure 2).
    The thermal fluid travels the tube bundle 2 horizontally at each stage 7 with a substantially horizontal velocity vector, then passes to the next stage 7 ', 7' ', 7' '', etc. and, in counterclockwise rotation, that is to say in a clockwise and anti-clockwise direction from one stage 7 to the next, again runs through the tube bundle And so on.
    The water inlet manifold 3 comprises an expansion joint 10 to allow differential expansion between the tubes of the bundle and the cylindrical enclosure 9. In. furthermore, the junction (tubes) 11 between the collectors and the tubes of the bundle may comprise a flexible lyre (not shown) to allow possible differential expansion between the tubes.
    The design of the exchanger according to the present invention allows the use of tubes with fins (not shown) to optimize heat exchange.
    With access 14 to the lower and upper cavities in the respective manifolds 3, 4, all tubes and welds are visible, accessible and controllable.
    or maintained. By cutting a sleeve in one. tube (no ......
    shown), it is possible to perform an endoscopic control of the entire tube. By removing the upper bottom, it is possible to replace any tube.
    List of reference symbols 1. heat exchanger 2. tube 3. inlet manifold 4. outlet manifold 5. horizontal deflector 6. vertical cylindrical deflector with closed end 7. floor 8. passage zone between two storeys 9. ferrule cylindrical - 10. expansion joint 11. junction between the collector and the tubes 12. inlet of the thermal fluid 13. outlet of the thermal fluid 14. access door of the collector
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. Vertical heat exchanger / evaporator (1) comprising a cylindrical shell (9) housing a bundle of parallel vertical tubes (2) in which, in use, flows a first fluid, said tubes extending between a lower end plate and an upper end plate, said end plate. lower being fed with said first fluid by an inlet manifold (3) and said upper end plate delivering superheated steam of said first fluid at an outlet manifold (4), said ferrule (9) being provided respectively in its upper part with an inlet (12). and in its lower part with an outlet (13) for a second fluid, so that in use, said second fluid flows downwardly against the flow of the first fluid flowing in the tube bundle, said ferrule (9) being provided with horizontal deflectors (5) dividing the enclosure into several vertically superposed layers (7), · ......... characterized in that said ferrule (9) also comprises a first central cylindrical baffle (6) having closed ends forming at each stage (7) a loop space traversed by the second fluid, said tubes (2) being arranged in the shell (9) outside the central cylindrical baffle (6), with passages (8, 8 ', 8' ') designed between two adjacent stages (7), so that the second fluid flows alternately in reverse rotation in said two adjacent stages (7).
    [2]
    2. heat exchanger / evaporator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first fluid is a mixture of water and steam.
    [3]
    3. Heat exchanger / evaporator (1) according to. claim 1, characterized in that said tubes (2) are arranged in circles in the shell (9) outside the central cylindrical baffle (6).
    [4]
    4. Heat exchanger / evaporator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said tubes (2) are provided with outer fins arranged spirally.
    [5]
    5. Heat exchanger / evaporator. (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first fluid inlet manifold (3) is provided with an expansion joint (10) to allow differential expansion between the tubes ( 2) and the ferrule (9).
    [6]
    6. Heat exchanger / evaporator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the junction between the tübes (2) and at least one collector (3, 4) comprises a lyre of flexibility to allow differential expansion between the tubes (2) of the beam. ..... ..
    [7]
    7. Heat exchanger / evaporator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the collectors (3, 4) are provided with cavities allowing access (14) for the control, repair or replacement of the tubes or ' from the whole. .
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2600092A1|2013-06-05|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB897593A|1959-03-10|1962-05-30|Ver Economiser Werke G M B H|Improvements in and relating to heat exchangers|
    US3247897A|1964-02-25|1966-04-26|Babcock & Wilcox Co|Differential expansion compensating apparatus|
    FR2077865A1|1970-02-19|1971-11-05|Trepaud Georges|Cylindrical heat exchanger - with twin helical passages surrounding central tube bundle|
    FR2293684A2|1974-12-05|1976-07-02|Trepaud Georges|TUBULAR BEAM HEAT EXCHANGER|
    EP0246486A1|1986-05-06|1987-11-25|STEIN INDUSTRIE Société Anonyme dite:|Exchanger for heating air under pressure in counter flow with fumes circulating in tube bundles|
    US20050098307A1|2003-06-11|2005-05-12|Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kaisha Limited|Gas cooling device|
    US3628507A|1968-12-14|1971-12-21|Progettazioni Meccaniche Nucle|Liquid metal heated steam generators and superheaters|
    US20030116306A1|2001-12-26|2003-06-26|Besik Ferdinand K.|Rotating film shell and tube type heat exchanger - evaporator|
    CN200993535Y|2006-12-26|2007-12-19|卢秉威|Improved vertical steam-water heat exchanger structure|
    US20090301699A1|2008-06-05|2009-12-10|Lummus Novolent Gmbh/Lummus Technology Inc.|Vertical combined feed/effluent heat exchanger with variable baffle angle|EP2886999A1|2013-12-18|2015-06-24|Casale Sa|Shell and tube heat exchanger with a shell having a polygonal section|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP11191611.0A|EP2600092A1|2011-12-01|2011-12-01|Vertical heat exchanger|
    EP11191611|2011-12-01|
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