• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a beam trawl gear glide shoe for use in beam trawling, which glide shoe comprises a body adapted to be attached to the boom of a beam trawl gear, which body has a foot, which foot comprises a running section which, in use, faces the seabed is wherein the body is provided with a recess, which recess is open at the front of the body and on the side of the tread and is substantially closed on the sides, which recess extends rearwardly seen substantially in the direction of travel during fishing, and which recess has a cross-sectional area decreasing in the rearward direction, whereby water exiting from the recess at the tread exerts a force on the sliding shoe directed away from the seabed.
    公开号:BE1019939A4
    申请号:E2012/0296
    申请日:2012-05-07
    公开日:2013-02-05
    发明作者:
    申请人:Schot Job Levinus；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Sliding shoe for use in a beam trawl gear
    The invention relates to a sliding shoe for use in a beam trawling gear, a beam trawling gear with such a sliding shoe and a vessel, in particular a cutter, which is provided with a beam trawler gear with a sliding shoe according to the invention. The invention also relates to a method for catching fish or crustaceans and / or shellfish.
    In beam trawling, fishing gear is used that is provided with a crossbar, the so-called boom, that is towed behind the ship. A fishing net is attached to the tree. The tree keeps the net open. This type of fishing is often used when fishing for flatfish, such as sole, plaice, dab, turbot and brill. Flatfish lives on or near the seabed. The applied net is dragged over the seabed to catch the fish. This type of fishing is also used for fishing for crustaceans and shellfish, such as shrimps and mussels.
    In general, two fishing gears are used per ship, one on port and one on starboard. However, it is also possible that a single gear is used.
    It is known to provide a sliding shoe at or near the ends of the tree. This sliding shoe holds the tree in a position just above the seabed. Each sliding shoe has a tread on the underside, which is in contact with the seabed during fishing. In general, the sliding shoes are quite heavy to ensure that the sliding shoes and the net continue to drag over the seabed.
    With softer types of seabed, the known sliding shoes often sink a few centimeters into the bottom during fishing. This disrupts the seabed and ensures a high resistance when sailing, with a relatively high fuel consumption as a result.
    NL1030878 describes a fishing gear for use in the beam trawl fishery in which a wheel is provided instead of a sliding shoe at each end of the boom. It has been found in practice that such wheels wear quickly. They also do not eliminate the problem of soil disturbance.
    It is an object of the invention to provide an improved sliding shoe for use in a beam trawl gear.
    This object is achieved with a sliding shoe according to claim 1.
    The sliding shoe according to the invention has a body with a foot, which foot is provided with a tread. The body is provided with a recess which extends in the longitudinal direction of the foot, viewed in the direction of travel of the fishing gear during fishing. This recess extends from the front edge of the foot (viewed in the direction of travel) to one end of the recess. This end is at the rear of the sliding shoe, viewed in the direction of travel of the fishing gear during fishing. This rear recess end can be located at the rear edge of the foot, or just before that. The rear recess end can be open or closed.
    The side of the recess in the tread of the foot is open. If the recess extends to the rear edge of the foot, the rear recess end is open and the running surface of the foot therefore has two parts that are separate from each other. If the recess does not extend to the rear edge of the foot, the rear recess end is closed and the running surface of the foot will be U-shaped.
    During fishing, the gear is pulled by the ship with the sliding shoe or shoes. By forward movement of the sliding shoe and because the recess at the front edge of the foot of the sliding shoe is open, seawater is pressed into the recess, which will flow out again at the bottom of the foot via the tread.
    The recess has a shape such that the cross-sectional area of the recess near the front of the foot is larger than the cross-sectional area of the recess at the rear recess end. The recess is thus more or less tapered from the front of the foot in the direction of the rear of the foot. As a result, pressure build-up takes place in the recess during sailing, as a result of which the water will leave the recess on the underside via the running surface of the sliding shoe. As a result, the water exerts an upward force directed away from the seabed on the sliding shoe. At a sufficiently high sailing speed, the sliding shoe comes off the seabed as a result of this force. The tread of the sliding shoe then comes loose from the seabed and is then no longer in contact with the seabed.
    As the distance between the sliding shoe and the seabed increases, the water can flow out of the recess more easily. As a result, the upwardly directed force that the water exerts through the recess on the sliding shoe becomes less large. The sliding shoe will then sink back towards the seabed. As the sliding shoe comes closer to the seabed, the force directed upwards increases again. A self-stabilizing effect therefore occurs, which brings the sliding shoe back to an equilibrium distance to the seabed. Practice has shown that this equilibrium distance is generally a few centimeters.
    Because the sliding shoe according to the invention is located a few centimeters above the seabed during fishing, instead of being pulled over or through the seabed like the conventional sliding shoes, the resistance is that of the fishing gear. if it is pulled through the water during fishing it is considerably lower than with gear with conventional sliding shoes. This results in a considerable saving in the fuel consumption of the ship, and the gear is subjected to lower mechanical loads. The seabed is also considerably less disturbed, and there is less wear on the running surfaces of the sliding shoes.
    Practice has shown that a smooth course of the cross-section of the recess gives a good result.
    The desired shape of the recess can be achieved by varying the height of the recess over the length of the recess, by varying the width of the recess over the length of the recess, or by both the height and the width of the recess to vary over the length of the recess.
    In a possible embodiment, the change in the height of the recess can be achieved by tilting the top wall of the recess from the front edge of the foot in the direction of the rear recess end. The sloping top wall can be a straight line or curved.
    In a possible embodiment, the top wall of the recess is curved in the transverse direction of the recess. The cross-section then has a curved top. In this embodiment, it is possible to make the top wall of the recess from a tubular section cut in the longitudinal direction. Good results have been achieved in practice with this embodiment.
    In a possible embodiment, the change in the width of the recess can be achieved by making the at least one of the two side walls of the recess oblique from the front edge of the foot in the direction of the rear recess end. The obliquely arranged sidewall can be in a straight line or be curved.
    In a possible embodiment, the front of the foot is curved in the plane perpendicular to the tread. Such a sliding shoe has fewer problems with obstacles on the seabed.
    The sliding shoe according to the invention is attached to a boom of a beam trawl gear. It is possible that a single sliding shoe is used. This will then generally be in the middle or almost in the middle of the tree. Alternatively, it is possible that two sliding shoes are used.
    These are then generally each placed at or near one end of the tree. Such a construction generally leads to a better stability of the fishing gear during fishing.
    Traditionally trees with a round cross-section are used. Nowadays there are also trees with a wing profile. WO2007148974 describes an example of such a tree. With such trees, the wing profile can provide an upward force.
    In a possible embodiment of a beam trawl gear according to the invention, such a boom with wing profile is used in combination with a sliding shoe according to the invention. The boom with wing profile can be combined with one or more sliding shoes according to the invention.
    In a variant of this embodiment, the fishing gear comprises an angle adjusting element for adjusting an angle enclosed by a lower surface of the boom and the running surface of a sliding shoe. In this way the upwardly directed forces generated by the wing shape of the tree and by the sliding shoe or sliding shoes according to the invention can be matched to each other and the combination of these forces in size and direction can be optimized. The setting can preferably be chosen such that the upward forces reinforce or counteract each other.
    In an alternative embodiment, the wing profile can freely rotate relative to the sliding shoe or sliding shoes. The wing profile then seeks its position relative to the sliding shoe or sliding shoes.
    The invention will be explained below with reference to a drawing, which shows possible embodiments of the invention in a non-limiting manner. The drawing shows:
    FIG. 1: a schematic overview of a vessel with beam trawl gear,
    FIG. 2: an example of a sliding shoe according to the invention,
    FIG. 3: a bottom view of a sliding shoe according to the invention, in combination with some parts of a beam trawl gear,
    FIG. 3A: a variant of a sliding shoe according to the invention, in bottom view,
    FIG. 4: an example of a sliding shoe according to the invention in combination with a tree with wing profile.
    FIG. 1 shows a schematic overview, in top view, of a vessel 7 which is provided with two beam trawl gear 8. The vessel can for instance be a cutter, for instance arranged for catching flatfish or shrimp. A beam trawl gear 8 is mounted on either side of the vessel 7. The ship contains two booms 6, one on port and one on starboard. During fishing, these booms are substantially perpendicular to the direction of travel V. At the end of each boom 6 a beam trawl gear 8 is attached.
    Each beam trawl gear 8 comprises a draw line 5 for attaching the underwater part of the beam trawl gear to the boom 6.
    The beam trawl gear 8 further comprises a boom 2 which, during fishing, extends substantially perpendicular to the direction of travel V. This boom 2 will generally be located behind the stern of the vessel 7.
    In the example of Fig. 1, a sliding shoe 1 is attached to each end of each boom 2. The draw line 5 is attached to the boom 2 and / or to the sliding shoes 1. The net 3, which drags over or even slightly through the seabed during fishing, is also attached to the boom 2 and / or to the sliding shoes 1. The boom 2 holds the net 3 open during fishing.
    The underwater part of the fishing gear comprises the boom, the net and the sliding shoe.
    The beam trawl gear 8 may also include alarm chains. These ensure that flat fish startle from the bottom and end up in the net 3. It is also possible that an alternative type of alarm device is used as an alternative to the alarm chains, for example, an alarm device of the type that is used. is described in NL8603257. It is also possible that no alarm device is used.
    FIG. 2 shows an example of a sliding shoe 1 according to the invention.
    The sliding shoe 1 according to the invention has a body 12 which is adapted to be attached to the boom of a beam trawl gear. Apex 16 is provided for this purpose in the example of Fig. 2. When connecting the sliding shoe to the tree, this axle journal 16 is pushed into the tree. As an alternative to the stub 16, not shown, a sleeve can be provided on the sliding shoe 1, into which the boom is slid. This sleeve can be attached to the side of the body 12 or on top of the body 12.
    The body 12 of the sliding shoe 1 has a foot 11, which is provided on the underside with a tread 13. During use, this tread 13 is essentially directed towards the seabed. The tread 13 is optionally provided with wear-resistant and / or impact-resistant material and / or with a wear-resistant and / or impact-resistant layer.
    The body 12 is provided with a recess 10. This recess is open on the front side 14 of the body 12, viewed in the direction of travel V. The recess 10 is also open on the underside, on the side of the tread 13. The recess 10 extends from the front side 14 of the body 12 in the direction of the rear side 15 of the body 12. It is possible that the recess 10 is also open on the rear side 15 of the body 12, but this is not necessary.
    The recess, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the recess and in the direction of travel V, has a transverse cross-sectional area that faces backwards. Water that enters the recess 10 during fishing while fishing will want to flow out again along the tread 13. This creates an upwardly directed force on the sliding shoe 10, as a result of which with a sufficiently high sailing speed in the direction V, the sliding shoe 1 comes off the seabed.
    In the embodiment of Fig. 2, top wall 20 of recess 10 is curved in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the recess 10. In this embodiment, the top of the recess 10 is made of a longitudinal section cut or ground through section 19. The shape of the cross-section of the recess 10 thus has a curved upper side. It appears that such a form gives good results. The manufacture of the sliding shoe 1 can also be realized well in this way. Alternatively, the top wall 20 of the recess 10 can be flat in the transverse direction.
    In the embodiment of Fig. 2, the front side 18 of the foot 11 is curved in a plane perpendicular to the tread 13, as with a ski. This allows the sliding shoe 1 to better cope with obstacles and unevenness in the seabed.
    In the example of Fig. 2, a plate 4 is provided for attaching alarm chains. The presence of a mounting option for alarm chains or another type of alarm device is optional.
    FIG. 3 shows a sliding shoe according to the invention in bottom view, in combination with some parts of a beam trawl gear, such as the boom 2, the draw line 5, and the net 3. In the view of fig. 3 the recess 10 in the body 12 of the sliding shoe 1 can be seen well.
    The recess 10 has an upper wall 20 and side walls 21. In Fig. 3 it can be seen that the height of the recess 10 varies along the length: near the front side 14 of the body 12, in particular of the foot 11, the recess has 10 more height than near the rear side 15 of the body 12, in particular of the foot 11.
    As a result, pressure build-up takes place, and the water in the recess will want to flow via the tread 13 from the recess 10, with an upward force on the sliding shoe 1 as a result.
    In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the top wall 20 of the recess 10 is straight in the transverse direction of the recess 10. This is different from the embodiment of Fig. 2, wherein the top wall 20 is curved in the transverse direction of the recess. 10.
    FIG. 3A shows a variant of a sliding shoe 1, in bottom view, which, like the sliding shoe of FIG. 2, has an upper wall 20 of recess 10 curved in the transverse direction.
    In an alternative embodiment, not shown, the recess 10 becomes narrower towards the rear. In another alternative embodiment, not shown, the recess 10 becomes both lower and narrower towards the rear.
    FIG. 4 shows an example of a sliding shoe 1 according to the invention in combination with a tree 2 with wing profile 9.
    In this embodiment, the wing profile 9 of the boom 2 and the sliding shoe 1 can rotate relative to each other about an axis that is substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the boom 2. This allows the upwardly directed forces exerted by the wing shape of the boom and by the sliding shoe or sliding shoes according to the invention are matched to each other and the combination of these forces in size and direction can be optimized.
    In the example of Fig. 4, the bearing angle between a bottom surface of the wing profile 9 and the tread surface 13 is adjusted by means of angle adjusting element 25. The adjustment can preferably be chosen such that the upward forces reinforce or counteract each other.
    In the example of Fig. 4, the angle adjustment element 25 is realized in a simple manner with the aid of a threaded element. This is put on board in the correct position and remains under water is a fixed position. In an advanced version, not shown, the angle adjustment element can adjust the angle between wing profile 9 and tread 13 during fishing.
    In an alternative, not shown, embodiment, the wing profile can rotate freely about the longitudinal direction of the tree. The wing profile then seeks its position relative to the sliding shoe or sliding shoes. The wing profile can be arranged in such a way that it looks up its optimum or neutral position itself.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    A beam trawler glide shoe for use in the beam trawling fishery, which glide shoe comprises a body adapted to be attached to the boom of a beam trawl gear, said body having a foot, said foot comprising a tread facing the seabed in use, body is provided with a recess, which recess is open at the front of the body and on the side of the tread, and which recess is substantially closed on the sides, which recess extends rearward, seen substantially in the direction of travel during fishing, and which recess has a cross-sectional area decreasing towards the rear, whereby - during fishing - water exiting the recess at the tread exerts a force directed away from the seabed on the sliding shoe.
    [2]
    2. Sliding shoe according to claim 1, wherein the recess extends over the entire length of the tread.
    [3]
    3. Sliding shoe according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cross-section of the recess at the front of the foot is higher than the cross-section at the rear of the recess end.
    [4]
    4. Sliding shoe according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cross-section of the recess at the front of the foot is wider than the cross-section at the rear of the recess end.
    [5]
    A sliding shoe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the recess has an upper wall, which upper wall extends obliquely, preferably curved, from the front of the foot to the rear recess end, and / or wherein the upper wall has a curved crosswise direction of the recess. has shape.
    [6]
    Sliding shoe according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the recess has two side walls, at least one of the side walls extending obliquely, preferably curved, from the front of the foot to the rear recess end.
    [7]
    Sliding shoe according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the front of the foot is curved in a plane perpendicular to the tread.
    [8]
    A beam trawl gear, comprising: - at least one sliding shoe according to one of the preceding claims, - a boom to which a sliding shoe is attached, such that the longitudinal direction of the recess is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the boom, - a fishing net , which is attached to the sliding shoe and / or to the tree.
    [9]
    A beam trawl gear as claimed in claim 8, comprising two sliding shoes as claimed in any of the claims 1-7, wherein the boom has two ends, wherein a sliding shoe is attached to or near each of the ends of the boom.
    [10]
    A beam trawl gear according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the boom has a wing profile, and wherein the running surface of a sliding shoe encloses a bearing angle with a bottom surface of the boom, the beam trawler gear further comprising an angle adjustment element for adjusting this bearing angle.
    [11]
    11. Vessel provided with a beam trawl gear according to one of claims 8-10.
    [12]
    12. Cutter provided with a beam trawl gear according to one of claims 8-10.
    [13]
    Method for catching fish or crustaceans and / or shellfish, The method comprising the steps of: - sailing with a vessel according to claim 11 to an area in which the fish or crustaceans and / or shellfish to be caught are expected to be present are - the launching of the beam trawl gear into the water, whereby the fishing net and a glide shoe of the beam trawler gear is brought onto or near the seabed, - sailing with the vessel in a sailing direction, the beam trawler gear being towed behind the vessel, just over the seabed and the glide shoe of the beam trawl gear comes off the seabed, - catching the fish or crustaceans and / or shellfish in the fishing net.
    [14]
    The method of claim 13, wherein the fish to be caught is flatfish.
    [15]
    A method for catching fish or crustaceans and / or shellfish, wherein use is made of a fishing gear with a sliding shoe according to claim 1.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    NL2006744C2|2012-11-13|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    NL7811617A|1978-11-27|1980-05-29|Johannes Schwan|Fishing dredge net sea-bed skids - have cast metal wear soles releasably secured for easy replacement at sea|
    FR2534776B1|1982-10-26|1985-03-08|Armel Jego|
    DE29607388U1|1996-04-24|1996-07-11|Ptw Polyurethan Technik Wagenf|Skid covering made of plastic e.g. Polyurethane for trawl gear for fish and fish. Crab fishing|
    法律状态:
    2018-04-25| MM| Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee|Effective date: 20170531 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NL2006744A|NL2006744C2|2011-05-09|2011-05-09|GLIDE SHOE FOR APPLICATION IN A TREE BARREL GEAR.|
    NL2006744|2011-05-09|
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