• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a work clamping device and / or locator for supporting and positioning and / or calibrating an object comprising a male or female portion of a coupling mechanism, the work clamping device and / or locator comprising: at least one mounting component to keep the article clamped in a fixed position, characterized in that at least one fastening component comprises a locking element designed to receive the male or female part and a release element for unlocking the male part from the locking element by operating the release element .
    公开号:BE1019675A5
    申请号:E2011/0251
    申请日:2011-04-29
    公开日:2012-09-04
    发明作者:Jo Massoels
    申请人:Materialise Nv；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    IMPROVED CONFIRMATION COMPONENT FOR A WORK DEVICE DEVICE
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to workpiece clamping devices and / or locators with mounting components for holding objects with the aid of locking elements present on the object. The invention is of particular importance for the assembly, measurement and / or quality control of objects made, for example, in production lines such as, for example, in the automotive industry.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    In the automotive industry, there is an increasing tendency to use locking elements, such as but not limited to clamps and snap-fits when assembling car parts. This tendency is driven by the need for a more convenient and fast assembly to reduce lead times for automobile production and the fact that such closures have the inherent advantage that they are product specific and therefore guarantee a repair service after sale. The result is that with regard to the testing and quality control of car parts, these connecting means should be taken into account to simulate the actual assembly situation as much as possible.
    Measurement of a production part without taking into account the connecting means implies that the measurement is not entirely representative of the part in its intended final position after assembly. Moreover, measurements of irregularly shaped plastic parts, which are easily deformed and often difficult to properly fix, are often inaccurate and non-reproducible.
    Although quality control is of high importance in production lines, the quality control for these connecting means itself is currently non-existent or unsatisfactory. In the current assembly processes, the quality control of snap-fit connection devices takes place when the car part has been placed in its final assembly position. However, not only is the removal of parts that do not comply with the final assembly labor-intensive, but testing further down the production line does not allow rapid correction in production.
    Accordingly, there is a need in the art for improved workpiece clamping devices and / or locators for quality control of production parts. Quality control procedures should be relatively inexpensive without producing significant amounts of waste and would require a limited amount of time. It is accordingly one of the objectives of the present invention to overcome or improve at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art or to provide a useful alternative.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    It has now been determined that quality control procedures for parts that include locking elements such as but not limited to spring closures, clamps and snap-fits can be optimized by providing a workpiece clamping device and / or locator for supporting and positioning and / or calibrating an object , which comprises an improved mounting component.
    The workpiece clamping devices and / or locators of the present invention allow functional use and / or testing of the locking element mounted on an object or workpiece and as such permit accurate measurement and quality control of the entire part in its intended final position, without assembly required. Moreover, this can avoid problems with irregularly shaped plastic parts, which are easily deformed and which are often difficult to properly fix for quality control.
    In a first aspect, the invention provides locators for use in supporting and / or positioning a workpiece that includes a locking element. More in particular, the locators according to the invention are characterized in that they comprise at least one fixing component that connects to the locking element of the object, said fixing component being capable of reversibly holding the locking element of the object. In this way the object is held by the locator.
    In certain embodiments, the locking element present on the object is the male or female portion of a coupling mechanism.
    In further particular embodiments of the invention, the coupling mechanism is a spring closing, snap fit, snap hook, snap lock, snap clamp mechanism.
    In certain embodiments of the workpiece clamping devices and / or locators according to the invention, the mounting component is unlocked by exerting a force on said mounting component. In particular, the force input is a pneumatic, hydraulic, mechanical, electrical or electromagnetic force.
    In certain embodiments of the workpiece clamping devices and / or locators according to the invention, the mounting component comprises a locking element with an integrated unlocking element.
    In other embodiments of the workpiece clamping devices and / or locators according to the invention, the at least one locator mounting component comprises a locking element designed to receive the locking element present on the workpiece and an unlocking element for unlocking the locking element from the locking element by removing the unlocking element operate. In certain embodiments of the workpiece clamping devices and / or locators according to the invention, the locking element is the male portion of a coupling and the mounting component comprises a locking element for receiving the male portion of the coupling and an unlocking element through which the male portion can be unlocked from the locking element. In alternative embodiments of the workpiece clamping devices and / or locators according to the invention, the at least one mounting component comprises a locking element that functions as a male part of the coupling mechanism and is designed to fit into a female part of the coupling mechanism present on the workpiece and an unlocking element for unlocking the female portion of the locking element by operating the unlocking element.
    In further particular embodiments of the locators according to the present invention, the unlocking element comprises at least one spring so that a bidirectional linear movement can be provided through a unidirectional force input.
    In certain embodiments of the invention, the locators comprising the mounting component of the invention are made from a single material. In further particular embodiments of the invention, the locators and / or workpiece clamping devices are made in one part, more particularly by additive production. In further special embodiments, the fastening components of the workpiece clamping devices and / or locators according to the invention are at least partially reinforced with a layer of a very durable material or by local hardening.
    In certain embodiments of the invention, locators are provided that further comprise at least one surface that mates with a surface of the workpiece. More specifically, the surface corresponding to the surface of the workpiece is based on a 3-dimensional image of said workpiece. Preferably, the surface is a surface that specifically engages with the workpiece (ie, that does not interface with another surface of the workpiece). In particular embodiments, the surface is a surface that couples to a surface that is unique to the workpiece. In specific embodiments, this surface ensures a physical restriction of the freedom of movement of the part. The surface is preferably a surface located on or in the vicinity of the locking element present on the workpiece and which is unique to the environment in the vicinity of the locking element of the workpiece.
    A further aspect of the invention relates to support and / or reference structures for supporting and positioning and / or calibrating a workpiece, said support and / or reference structures comprising a basic structure and one or more structural elements, at least one of which is a locator according to the invention. More particularly, the invention provides support and / or reference structures for supporting and / or positioning a workpiece comprising a locking element, wherein at least one of the structural elements comprises at least one mounting component according to the invention as described herein, optionally comprises in a locator. More particularly, at least one of the support and / or reference structures comprises at least one locator for supporting and / or positioning a workpiece that is a workpiece that includes a locking element. The precision workpiece clamping device (s) and locator (s) is characterized in that it (s) comprises at least one mounting component that connects to a locking element of the workpiece, which is therefore suitable for reversibly holding the locking element and consequently the object, optionally being fixed in a certain position. The one or more locators present on the support and / or reference structures for supporting and / or positioning a workpiece can further be characterized by one or more elements as described above.
    In certain embodiments, the support and / or reference constructions according to the invention are characterized in that the position of the one or more locators is determined based on a digital description of the said workpiece to be held and optionally, a desired positioning thereof.
    In a still further aspect, the invention relates to the use of locators and precision workpiece clamping devices as described herein and / or a support and / or reference structure as described herein, for calibrating, inspecting, checking, assembling or any other processing of an essay. In certain embodiments, the locators and / or supporting structures are used for machining and / or welding the workpiece. In certain embodiments, the workpiece clamping devices and / or locators and / or supporting structures are used for measuring and / or checking particular parts of the workpiece.
    Accordingly, this aspect provides improved methods for inspecting, checking, assembling, or performing other manipulations on a workpiece, which involve the steps of reversibly attaching the workpiece through at least one locator, according to the invention. The present invention further provides improved methods for inspecting and controlling or performing other manipulations on a workpiece that includes a locking element, such as a male portion of a coupling mechanism, which makes it possible to position the workpiece in a position that controls the position of the workpiece imitates after assembly. In certain embodiments, the methods involve inspecting and / or checking the coupling mechanism and / or male part present on the workpiece.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    Figure 1 (A) illustrates the principle of unlocking a clutch mechanism that is a typical automobile clamp; (B) shows a perspective view of a locator with fasteners according to a particular embodiment of the invention, where the coupling mechanism is the same typical automotive clamp and wherein the locator comprises an integrated release element that can be operated to release the male portion of the automotive clamp and wherein the release mechanism comprises a spring;
    Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the locator with mounting means illustrated in Figure 1 (B) which includes a locking element (3) and an unlocking element (4).
    Figure 3 shows a three-dimensional representation of support and / or reference construction according to a specific embodiment of the invention. The release elements of the various locators are connected to a central module that provides a power input provided by a lever.
    Figure 4 illustrates a cross-section of a locator that includes an integrated fastener according to a particular embodiment of the invention, wherein the coupling mechanism is a snap-fit. Panel A shows the locator before the male portion (A) was introduced into the locking component of the locator. Panel B shows the locator when the male portion is being held by the locking component.
    Figure 5 shows a top view (A) and a cross-section of a locator with integrated closures according to a particular embodiment of the invention, wherein the unlocking element can be operated by a lever.
    Figure 6 shows a perspective view (A) and the cross-section (B) of a locator comprising an integrated fastener according to a particular embodiment of the invention wherein the fastener comprises a locking element with integrated unlocking element.
    Figures 7 A and B show a schematic representation of a cross-section of a fastening component according to a particular embodiment of the invention, wherein the fastening means comprises a locking element with an integrated unlocking element, i.e. in the manner of springs.
    Figure 8 shows a perspective view of a locator according to a particular embodiment of the invention that includes a reference surface that connects to a surface of the workpiece to be retained by the mounting component integrated into the locator.
    List of reference numbers used in the Figures. Each of these illustrations represents special embodiments of the elements involved and the corresponding elements should not be interpreted as being limited to this specific embodiment.
    (1) locator; (2) mounting component; (3) locking element; (4) unlocking element; (5) opening; (6) edge; (7) spring; (8) movable member; (9) lever (20) support and / or reference structure; (21) workpiece clamping device members; (22) basic structure; (23) cable system; (24) check box; (25) lever; (3 ') locking element with integrated unlocking element; (30) reference surface.
    (A) Male portion of a link; (a) tongue portion; (b) wedge; (c) cap; (P) workpiece.
    Figure 9 shows a view of a locking element on a workpiece that can be used to develop surfaces that connect to the workpiece.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    The terminology used herein is not intended to be limiting since the scope of the present invention will be limited only by the appended claims.
    As used herein, the singular forms "a", "the", and "it" include both singular and plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
    The terms, "comprising", "includes" and "consist of" as used herein, are synonymous with "including" "contain", "contain" or "having", "has", and are inclusive or open and close no additional, non-listed members, elements or process steps from. The terms "comprising" "includes" and "consist of" also include the term "containing".
    The enumeration of numerical ranges by end points includes all numbers and fractions that are within the respective ranges, as well as the enumerated end points.
    The term "about" as used herein when referring to a measurable value such as a parameter, an amount, a duration, and the like, is intended to include variations of +/- 10% or less, preferably +/- 5% or less, more preferably +/- 1% or less, and even more preferably +/- 0.1% or less of the specified value, to the extent that such variations are suitable for carrying out the disclosed invention. It is to be understood that the value to which the "roughly" determination refers is itself specific and is preferably disclosed.
    All documents quoted in the current specification are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
    Unless otherwise specified, all terms used to disclose the invention, including technical and scientific terms, have the meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art, working in the field to which this invention belongs. By way of further aid to better understand the explanation of the present invention, the definitions for the terms used in the description are included.
    Reference in this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular element, structure, or feature described in relation to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the use of the terms "in one embodiment" or "in one embodiment" at different locations throughout this specification does not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, but it is possible. Furthermore, certain elements, structures or features can be combined in any suitable manner, as may be apparent from this disclosure, to one skilled in the art in one or more embodiments. While some of the embodiments described herein include some elements, but other [elements] included in other embodiments are not, combinations of elements from different embodiments are further intended to fall within the scope of the invention, and form different embodiments, such as one skilled in the art can understand. For example, in the following claims, all claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.
    In a first aspect, the invention provides an improved locator for supporting and positioning and / or calibrating an object.
    As used herein, the term "workpiece" refers to any item or part thereof including prototyping, preproduction, and production parts.
    As used herein, the term "workpiece clamping device" refers to a device that allows attachment or retention of a workpiece or part thereof, typically used in the manufacturing industry. A workpiece clamping device refers more specifically to a device for positioning, holding, and supporting of a workpiece during a specific operation Workpiece clamping devices are essential elements in production processes since they are necessary in automated production, inspection and assembly work .. Workpiece clamping devices are typically used to correctly position a workpiece in a fixed orientation relative to, for example, a cutting tool or measuring instrument, or relative to another instrument used in, for example, assembly or welding, such positioning must be invariant since the device must clamp the workpiece in that specific position for the specific operation in the process and / or thereby also allows other workpieces to be repeatedly positioned in an identical manner. In general, the workpiece clamping device comprises a general workpiece clamping device body, which is the main element of the workpiece clamping device, on which one or more adjustable elements can be provided that prevent deformation of the workpiece, one or more of these elements being provided with a locator, which ensures reversible clamping of the workpiece to the workpiece clamping device.
    As used herein, the term "locator" refers to the end component of a workpiece clamping element used to effectively ensure contact with the workpiece and to establish and maintain the position of a workpiece in the workpiece clamping device by the movement of the workpiece clamping device. workpiece. A locator (also referred to as precision workpiece clamping device in the literature) refers more specifically to a connection element that provides the connection between the workpiece clamping device and the workpiece.
    Locators are typically mounted on support and / or reference structures or workpiece clamping devices which in turn are mounted on a base plate or beam structure (also referred to as "clamping body").
    A "carrier" as used herein refers to a fixed or controllable element that supports the workpiece but does not actively hold it. Additional carriers can be added and placed under a workpiece to prevent or limit distortion.
    A "clamp" as used herein refers to a part of a workpiece clamping device and / or a locator that uses a force-operated mechanism to hold the workpiece. It can be distinguished from the mounting components of the present invention in that it does not mimic the coupling corresponding to a locking element present on the workpiece, but rather fixes the workpiece independently by exerting its clamping force on the workpiece. As used herein, the term "locking element" as present on an object or a workpiece refers to a part that is used, after assembly or use of the workpiece, for attaching the workpiece to another object or attaching something to it the essay. Typically, a locking element is the male or female portion of a coupling mechanism.
    As used herein, the term "coupling mechanism" refers to a mechanism of two coupling elements that achieve a tight fit. The coupling mechanism typically comprises one element ("male portion") that fits or locks into another coupling element ("female portion"). When two articles are provided with either the male or female part of the coupling, respectively, they can be assembled to ensure a tight fit between them and / or the coupling can be used to secure a third item. Optionally, one of the coupling elements is provided as a fastener. A non-limiting list of examples of coupling mechanisms includes, but is not limited to, spring latches, snap-fits, snap hooks, snap locks, snap clamp mechanism (such as typical automotive clamp mechanisms), plastic clamps, push-in clamps, or latches, arrow clamps, locking rings , rivets, removable rivets, rivets, etc.
    As used herein, the term "operate / operate" refers to the application of a force to ensure the desired movement. This term is used herein with regard to an unlocking element of the mounting component. Operating the unlocking elements results in the desired movement of the unlocking element whereby the unlocking of the male portion of the mounting component can be ensured.
    The present invention relates to devices and methods for holding objects and optionally for fixing objects in a desired position, more particularly wherein the object comprises a locking element and the locking element is involved in holding the object. More specifically, the present invention relates to tools and methods that allow reversible attachment of articles based on a portion of a coupling mechanism mounted thereon. This distinguishes the devices and methods of the present invention from traditional systems that involve clamps that secure an object, regardless of the nature of the locking elements present on it. Securing an object by using one or more locking elements present on it not only allows repeatable accurate positioning of the object in a situation that simulates the functional use of the object, such as the real assembly situation, but allows repeatable and accurate measurement of the object.
    A first aspect of the invention relates to locators for supporting and / or positioning a workpiece that includes a locking element. The locators according to the present invention allow stable and reproducible positioning of a workpiece on a workpiece clamping device by using a locking element present on the workpiece. Typically, the locking element is present on the workpiece and one portion of a coupling mechanism. The locators according to the present invention comprise at least one mounting component that engages with a locking element present on the workpiece. In certain embodiments, the mounting component simulates the complementary portion of the coupling mechanism. The fastening component of the workpiece clamping devices and / or locators according to the invention can hold the locking element, and therefore the object, reversibly. Optionally, the object can be held in a certain fixed position.
    In specific embodiments, the mounting component is flexible, ie it can be moved to a different position before and / or during interaction with the locking element present on the workpiece, and locks with the locking element by returning to the original position. Alternatively, the locking element present on the workpiece can be flexible and can be moved to another position before and / or during interaction with the locator mounting component, and locks with the mounting component, by returning to its original position. In certain embodiments, both the fastening component and the locking element present on the workpiece are flexible and can be moved to a different position before and / or during interaction with each other in order to provide a locking of the components (The First Snap-Fit handbook, Bonenberger, 2000).
    In certain embodiments, the workpiece comprises the male portion of a coupling and the locator and / or workpiece clamping device comprises a mounting component that couples to the male portion. Indeed, in certain embodiments, the mounting component is provided within the locator housing such that only the opening of the mounting component is visible from the outside of the locator.
    Alternatively, the workpiece comprises the female portion of a coupling and the locator and / or workpiece clamping device comprises a mounting component that couples to the female portion. However, the locators and / or workpiece clamping devices of the present invention are further characterized in that the locking element is reversibly retained by the mounting component. Thus, the locators and / or workpiece clamping devices of the present invention provide an integrated release mechanism that ensures that the attachment of the workpiece to the locator and / or workpiece clamping device is reversible without requiring additional aids. In certain embodiments, the release mechanism is such that it does not require exerting force on the workpiece itself.
    The nature of the coupling mechanism that is mounted on the workpiece of interest is not critical. In certain embodiments, the locking element present on the workpiece is part of a coupling that is designed to be reversible.
    In certain embodiments, the locking element present on the workpiece is part of a coupling mechanism designed for a permanent fit. Suitable examples include, but are not limited to, snap-fit, snap hook, snap lock, snap clamp mechanisms, plastic clips, push-in clips or closures, arrow clips, gasket rings, rivets, removable rivets, snap rivets, and the like. Typically, but not necessarily in these embodiments, either everything or a part of the male portion of the coupling mechanism is at least partially deformable which allows it to snap into a recess or groove in the female portion.
    It is noted that the nature of the mounting component of the locators and / or workpiece clamping devices according to the invention need not correspond to the nature of the coupling for which the locking element present on the object is designed. Namely, while the locking element may be designed for use in a permanent fit coupling after assembly and / or for use of the article, the mounting component of the locators and / or workpiece clamping devices according to the present invention is typically reversible. This can be insured in various ways.
    The locking component of the locators and / or workpiece clamping devices according to the present invention is designed to hold the locking element of the object or workpiece. In certain embodiments, the locking element is held in a fixed position, i.e. once the locking element is coupled to the mounting component, it can no longer be moved in any direction. In alternative embodiments, the locking component is designed such that after coupling with the locking element on the object, the locking element can still move in one or more directions. In certain embodiments, only unilateral movement of the locking element remains possible after coupling with the locking component. The latter may be of interest where limited movement of the object during retention by the workpiece clamping device and / or locator is desirable, e.g. for accurate positioning before measurement or relative to another object.
    The mounting components according to the present invention may comprise locking elements that moreover comprise an integrated unlocking element or a separate unlocking element which reverses or counteracts the function of the locking element.
    According to certain embodiments, the locators and / or workpiece clamping devices of the invention comprise a mounting component that includes a locking element in which the unlocking element is integrated. According to certain embodiments, the fastening component is designed to allow removable retention of the object by the locking element. In certain embodiments, this implies that introducing and unlocking the locking element into the mounting component requires the same force. This can be ensured, for example, by providing the locking element of the fastening component with one or more springs that are depressed after exerting a pushing or pulling force on the locking element. Accordingly, where the workpiece comprises a male portion of a coupling, its introduction into the locking element causes compression of the springs of the locking element. The male part is held securely by the force of the springs. In certain embodiments, the male portion and the locking element are designed such that the male portion can be easily withdrawn from the locking element, e.g., by applying a force that is perpendicular to the force of the springs. This can be a pulling force on the male part or on the object. Optionally, the force may be a pushing force provided in the locator by a power source. According to these embodiments, the locator and / or workpiece clamping device further comprises a force input for receiving a force from an external source. The nature of the force is not critical and can be a pneumatic, hydraulic, mechanical, electrical or electromagnetic force.
    According to certain embodiments, the locators and / or workpiece clamping devices of the invention comprise a mounting component that includes a locking element designed to receive the male or female portion of a clutch mechanism and a separate unlocking element for unlocking the male and female respectively part of the locking element. The nature of the locking element is determined by the nature of the coupling mechanism, and more particularly by the design of the portion of the coupling mechanism that is mounted on the workpiece or object. Typically, the presence of a separate unlocking element is intended for fastening components where the unlocking of a coupling mechanism or locking element designed for permanent fit is required. For example, where the coupling mechanism is a cantilever snap-fit and the workpiece comprises the male portion of the coupling, this male portion typically comprises a tongue with a hook-like structure. Typically, the corresponding locking element is a fixed part and comprises an opening that allows the insertion of the hook-like structure and at least a part of the tongue of the male part of the coupling mechanism and a recess or edge that mates with the hook of the male part. A snap fit with a 90 ° hook and a 90 ° recess is typically designed for a permanent fit since the hook cannot be withdrawn from the recess after being inserted. Typically, the introduction of the male portion of the coupling into the locking element provides a coupling similar to the coupling into which the male portion of the workpiece will fit after use or assembly of the workpiece.
    The separate unlocking element of the mounting component according to these embodiments of the invention is typically a movable member. In its resting position, the portion of the coupling mounted on the workpiece (i.e., locking element) is kept coupled to the locking element of the mounting component. The movement of the unlocking element causes the unlocking element present on the workpiece of the locking element to be unlocked. The nature of the release element is also determined by the nature of the coupling, but may vary depending on the force used to effect the operation or movement of the release element. For example, where the coupling mechanism is a cantilever snap-fit, the release element may include an additional beam or lifting structure that can be pressed against the tongue of the male portion when present in the locking element to remove the hook from its closed position. In certain embodiments, the release element is designed such that the force can be applied manually. In more particular embodiments, this implies the presence of a button or lever on which a manual force (typically by one or more fingers) can be exerted, resulting in the movement of the release element. Alternatively, the release element is designed so that movement is ensured by a force that is guided from a power source to the release element, optionally by means of a cable. Typically, the mechanical cable systems commonly known in the art as Bowden cables are used for this purpose. Accordingly, in certain embodiments, the unlocking element comprises a force input for receiving a force from an external source. The nature of the force is not critical and can be a pneumatic, hydraulic, mechanical, electrical or electromagnetic force. Different release elements can be connected to one central power source and control unit that allows consolidation of the control of different attachment component.
    The separate unlocking element integrated into the mounting component according to the invention has the advantage that the coupling can be unlocked and the object can be removed from its closing position without exerting force on the object. In certain embodiments, the mounting component further comprises one or more springs. In certain embodiments, the spring / springs may be included within the release element. In more particular embodiments, the spring ensures that a unidirectional force input can provide a bidirectional linear movement.
    In certain embodiments, the spring in the mounting component is designed such that the spring is compressed by the force of coupling the locking element present on the workpiece to the locking element. More specifically, where the workpiece comprises the male portion of a coupling, the insertion of the male portion into the locking element may result in compression of the spring present in the mounting component. Unlocking the spring (directly, by removing the locking element or as a result of operating the unlocking element) causes a movement in the opposite direction, i.e. the locking element present on the workpiece is pushed out of the mounting component.
    In certain embodiments, the mounting component includes the spring and a separate unlocking element that requires operation. Without operating the unlocking element, the male portion is held in the closed position by the locking element. However, after operating the unlocking element, e.g. from a lifting beam, the force of the spring will help to ensure that the object is unlocked.
    In certain embodiments of the mounting components according to the present invention, the locking element is held in a specific position by the locking element of the mounting component. This is ensured by providing a locking element that allows limited movement of the locking element after introduction into the locking element. In certain embodiments, this is ensured by a locking element that couples in more than one direction with the locking element of the object, such that the movement in different directions is blocked. In certain embodiments of the invention, the locking element is designed to couple in different directions to a locking element present on a workpiece that is a male portion of a coupling that has a circular cross-section and includes an extrusion that functions as a hook around its circumference.
    In alternative embodiments, although the locking element ensures that the locking element cannot be removed from the mounting component without exerting additional pressure, nevertheless allows limited movement of the locking element within the locking element. More in particular, movement in a direction that is perpendicular to the direction of the locking element in the mounting component may still be possible. This is ensured by providing a locking element with an opening that is larger than the dimensions of the locking element in one direction. In certain embodiments, the locking element is the male portion of a coupling and the mounting component allows movement of the male portion after its introduction into the mounting component. In certain embodiments, such as where the male portion is a cantilever hook, the male portion may comprise hook-like structures on only one surface or only on two opposite sides of a flattened tongue-like structure. In these embodiments, a corresponding fastening component may allow movement by means of a locking element with an elongated groove, which allows a lateral movement of the tongue after introduction into the locking element. In further special embodiments, the locking element comprises springs which clamp the male part in one direction, but not in the direction perpendicular to it.
    The locators of the present invention are typically used in a workpiece clamping device. This implies that the locator includes a workpiece clamping device connection that allows connection between the locator and the workpiece clamping device. Examples of workpiece clamping device connections include but are not limited to holes, pins, combs, slots, clamps, etc. The shape of the workpiece clamping device connections are not critical to the present invention.
    The present invention provides locators that include one or more of the mounting components described herein, which allow reversible holding of a workpiece, optionally in a fixed position. The workpiece clamping devices and / or locators according to the invention can further comprise one or more surfaces corresponding to a surface of the workpiece. This ensures correct positioning of the workpiece on the workpiece clamping devices and / or locators. Typically, the coupling surface of the locator is designed based on a 3-dimensional image of the workpiece and its desired position on the workpiece clamping device. More specifically, the surface is a surface that specifically engages the workpiece (ie, it does not interface with other surfaces of the workpiece). More specifically, the surface of the workpiece corresponding to the coupling surface of the locator is specific or unique to the workpiece so that only the coupling between the coupling surface and the corresponding surface can be ensured. This ensures the unique positioning of the workpiece in relation to the locator. In specific embodiments, this surface ensures a physical limitation of the movement of the workpiece relative to the locator.
    In one embodiment, the one or more coupling surfaces are located on a part of the locator that is different from the locking elements. On the other hand, they can also form part of the locking element.
    In certain embodiments, the locators of the present invention include one or more reference surfaces or points on which the workpiece to be held will rest or fix the workpiece in a particular position. These reference surfaces, which may be surfaces corresponding to an area of the workpiece (as described above), are predetermined and will determine the position in which the workpiece is held by the workpiece clamping device for measurement or special processing steps. In certain embodiments, the position of the reference surfaces simulates the position of the workpiece or object after use, e.g. after assembly with other parts.
    Accordingly, the locators of the present invention are designed in certain embodiments based on a 3-dimensional image of the workpiece and its desired position on the workpiece clamping device to contain reference surfaces or points that determine the position of the workpiece when it is held in the workpiece clamping device. Such reference surfaces or points both include current reference surfaces such as those described above, which are coupling surfaces present on the locators. In addition or alternatively, the locators of the invention can also be designed to have specific virtual reference surfaces or points. More specifically, such virtual reference points or surfaces are determined by the locking elements of the mounting component, e.g. more particularly by the nature and position of the springs therein. These determine the position of the locking element of the workpiece and therefore of the workpiece itself. The reference surfaces and points described above can be used for calibration purposes.
    According to certain embodiments, the mounting component and optional locators comprising the mounting component integrated therein are made according to the present invention from a single material. Very particularly, the mounting component is made from one piece. In further particular embodiments, the fastening component is made by additive production techniques, which are also referred to as layered production techniques or material deposition production techniques.
    In certain embodiments, Rapid Prototyping and Production Techniques (RP&M) are used to produce the actuators of the invention. A large number of Rapid Prototyping techniques are currently available, including stereolithography (SL), laser sintering (LS), fused positioning modeling (FDM), foil-based techniques, etc.
    A common feature of these techniques is that objects are typically built up layer by layer. Stereolithography, currently the most widely used RP&M technique, uses a barrel of liquid photopolymer "resin" to build up an object layer by layer. On each layer, an electromagnetic beam, e.g., one or more laser beams that are computer-controlled, draws a specific pattern on the surface of the liquid resin, which is determined by the two-dimensional cross-sections of the object to be formed. The exposure to the electromagnetic radiation cures the pattern or solidifies the pattern drawn on the resin and sticks it to the layer below. After a layer has been polymerized, the platform sinks with a single layer thickness and a subsequent layer pattern is drawn, glued to the previous layer. A complete 3D object is formed through this process.
    Laser sintering uses a high-power laser or other concentrated heat source to sinter or weld small particles of plastic, metal, or ceramic powder into a mass that represents the 3-dimensional object to be formed.
    Fused Déposition Modeling and related techniques use a temporary transition from a solid material to a liquid state, usually as a result of heating. The material is pressed through an extrusion nozzle in a controlled manner and deposited at the required location as described, inter alia, in U.S. Patent No. 5,141,680.
    Foil-based techniques attach layers to each other by gluing or photopolymerization or other techniques and cut the article from these layers or polymerize the article. Such a technique is described in US Patent No. 5,192,539.
    Typical RP&M techniques start from a digital representation of the 3D object to be formed. In general, the digital representation is cut out as a series of cross-sectional layers that can be superimposed to form the object as a whole. The RP&M device uses this data to build the object on a layer-by-layer basis. The cross-sectional data representing the layer data of the 3D object can be produced using a computer system and computer-aided design and production software (CAD / CAM).
    The mounting component and locators of the invention can be made from various materials. In a special embodiment, the material is nylon. Other typical materials include, but are not limited to, materials that can be subjected to laser sintering, powder materials that can be used in an additive manufacturing technology, thermoplastic materials in powder form with a sharp thermal transition, allowing use in a laser sintering process, thermoplastic powdered materials with a sharp thermal transition that can be selectively melted in a 3D object via a layered partial or complete melting process, thermoplastic materials suitable for use in additive production processes via selective deposition of small extruded wires or filamentary thermoplastic materials that can be selectively precipitated in an Additive Production process. As used herein, sharp thermal transition refers to a physical transition based on a change in crystallinity and / or a change in glassy state to a polymer melt that occurs in a limited temperature domain.
    In certain embodiments, the locators of the invention are produced by sintering metal.
    In certain embodiments, the locators, and more particularly the mounting component or one or more components thereof, are reinforced with a layer or an insert of a highly durable material such as a metal plate or a coated surface. In more particular embodiments of the present invention, the locking element of the mounting component comprises a metal-plated or coated surface. This ensures increased durability while maintaining flexibility. A metal-plated surface can be obtained by a metal plating process. A coated surface can be obtained in various ways known to those skilled in the art. In certain embodiments, the coating is obtained by applying a thin layer of UV-curable coating layer to the surface and curing the coating layer using ultraviolet light.
    A further aspect of the invention provides workpiece clamping devices such as support and / or reference structures for supporting and positioning and / or calibrating a workpiece, which include a locking element on the workpiece. In particular, the workpiece clamping devices or support and / or reference structures according to the present invention comprise one or more fixing components according to the invention. More specifically, the support and / or reference structures comprise a basic structure and one or more structural elements, wherein at least one of the structural elements comprises a locator comprising one or more mounting components, as described herein.
    Support and / or reference constructions comprising different structural elements and one or more locators are known in the art. They typically include a basic structure that can be a plate or one or more bars with structural elements mounted thereon. Examples of structural elements include bars and plates, which are usually somewhat smaller in size than those of the basic structure. These structural elements are placed at different locations on the basic structure so that they support the workpiece and possibly orient it in a certain position (e.g. for processing and / or checking the workpiece. WO / 0211945 describes methods for manufacturing support and / or or reference structures based on a digital image of the relevant workpiece.
    Support and / or reference structures according to the present invention comprise one or more locators that include a mounting component as described herein, which allow mounting of the workpiece in a position that mimics the mounting of the workpiece in the final assembly. This not only allows for more precise measurement, testing and assembly of the workpiece as a whole, but also allows, prior to assembly, testing of the coupling mechanism with minimal time investment.
    In certain embodiments, the support and / or reference structures according to the invention are characterized in that the position of the structural elements comprising the locators is determined based on a digital description of said workpiece and optionally the desired positioning thereof. Typically, a support and / or reference structure will include both structural elements that include locators that do not include a mounting component according to the invention, and structural elements that include locators that include one or more mounting components. A reference structure that includes a locator that does not include a mounting component according to the invention typically comprises one or more of the coupling surfaces that connect to a (specific) surface of the workpiece. These elements provide support for the workpiece and they can also help fix the position of the workpiece, these elements do not provide for the reversible locking of the workpiece.
    Accordingly, the present invention further provides methods for producing support and / or reference structures according to the invention, which are capable of reversibly holding an object in a desired position, e.g., a position that positions the object in its final position. assembly mimics. In certain embodiments, the methods include the steps of: obtaining a three-dimensional image of an object comprising a locking element such as a male or female portion of a coupling mechanism and its desired position, designing one or more locators comprising a mounting component which is integrated therein with a locking element designed for reversible coupling with the locking element present on the object (ie receiving the male part which is respectively inserted into the female part of a coupling), optionally designing one or more coupling surfaces on said one or more locators that connect to a (specific) surface of the object, and designing a support and / or reference structure with structural elements supporting one or more locators such that the one or more locators in the object The desired position can be maintained when the locking elements present on the object are coupled to the respective mounting components of the one or more locators.
    A still further aspect of the present invention relates to the applications of the fastening components and workpiece clamping devices described herein comprising the locators.
    In certain embodiments, use is made of locators comprising one or more fastening elements as described herein for holding an object or workpiece that includes a locking element that is typically either a male portion or a female portion of a coupling mechanism by means of this locking element. The workpiece clamping device and / or locator securely secures the portion of the coupling present on the workpiece and thus ensures that the workpiece is retained, and optionally secured in place, but can be removed when required. In special embodiments, this can be ensured without exerting force on the object. Typically, the locators of the present invention are used for the inspection, calibration, control, assembly and / or any other processing of objects in production lines. In a particular embodiment, the use of the fasteners and workpiece clamping devices and / or locators of the present invention is provided for quality control measurements in production lines such as in the automotive or aeronautical industry. Thus, the methods of using locators of the present invention include methods of processing a workpiece comprising the steps of securing the workpiece to the locator of the invention in the desired position and inspecting, calibrating, checking, assembling, or processing the workpiece.
    In certain embodiments, support and / or reference structures are used that include the mounting component and locators described herein.
    In certain embodiments, the invention provides methods for reversibly mounting and optionally measuring and / or performing a quality check on an object comprising a locking element, which is typically one or more male or female portions of a coupling mechanism on a workpiece clamping device, optional in a fixed position.
    In certain embodiments, the methods of the invention include the steps of mounting the article on the support and / or reference structure designed to allow an unlockable attachment of the article in a desired position and the required measurements or other manipulations on or with the object. The mounting component present on the locators according to the invention then allows the object to be unlocked and repeated mounting of the object, thereby ensuring reproducible measurements.
    The steps of mounting and disassembling the object of the support and / or reference structure, more particularly of the locators comprising one or more mounting components integrated therein typically include: inserting or securing the portion of the coupling mounted on the object in or with the locking element mounted on the locator through which the object is connected to the workpiece clamping device. This step typically requires applying pressure to the article as a whole to achieve the snap fit, and after the necessary measurements and / or manipulations have been made, operating the release element whereby the respective portion of the coupling present on the object is released from the locking element, and removal of the object from the workpiece clamping device.
    In order to better explain the features of the invention, the following particular embodiments of a mounting component for workpiece clamping devices and / or locators are described merely by way of example without wishing to be limiting in any way.
    EXAMPLES Example 1
    This example describes a fastening component developed for a clamp fastener according to a particular embodiment of the invention. In the illustrated embodiment (Figures 1 and 2), the male portion of the coupling mechanism is part of a fastener and the locking element is designed to reversibly enclose the male portion of the coupling. This is also schematically illustrated in Figure 2. The male portion (A) of the clamping means coupling mechanism is characterized by the presence of an at least partially hollow tongue portion (a), two wedges (b) and a cap (c) . The cap is typically larger than the dimensions of the tongue and then the opening of the corresponding female portion of the coupling, and designed to allow passage of the tongue only partially. After introducing the male portion through the opening of the female portion of the coupling, the wedges are pushed into the cavity of the tongue portion. Within the cavity of the female part, the wedges resiliently return to their original position and function as hooks so that the tongue part (a) can no longer slide out of the opening of the female part.
    Accordingly, Figure 2 illustrates a mounting component according to a particular embodiment of the invention. The mounting component (2) comprises a locking element (3) and an unlocking element (4). The locking element (3) includes an opening (5) (not visible in the side view of Figure 1) for inserting the male portion (A). The locking element (3) further comprises an edge (6) formed by the opening. The release element (4) comprises a spring (7) (not visible in the side view of Figure 2, but visible in the side view of Figure 1) and movable member (8).
    The mounting component shown in Figure 1B comprises a built-in spring system that allows bi-directional linear action with only a unidirectional force input.
    Different types of force input can be provided to operate the release mechanism of the mounting component.
    Example 2
    In this example, the locators according to a particular embodiment of the present invention are integrated into a support and / or reference structure, generally also called workpiece clamping device.
    This is illustrated in Figure 3 in which a support and / or a reference structure (20) according to a particular embodiment of the invention is illustrated in which several locators (1) comprising a mounting component (not shown) are provided as support structures (21) placed on a basic structure (22). The release element of the mounting component integrated in the locators (1) is connected by means of a mechanical cable system (23) with a control box (24) with a lever (25), which can provide a mechanical force input.
    Example 3
    This example describes a fastening component developed for a snap-fit fastener according to a particular embodiment of the invention, wherein the article comprises the male portion of the coupling. Figures 4A and 4B illustrate a locator (1) that includes a mounting component (2). In Figure 4, the male part (A) of the snap-fit is illustrated as part of an object (P). The male portion comprises a tongue (a) provided with a wedge (b) that functions as a hook. The mounting component comprises a locking element (3) with an opening that allows the insertion of the male part of the coupling mechanism. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 4, the release element (4) comprises a lever that can be operated manually to release the wedge of the male portion.
    Example 4
    This example describes a fastening component developed for a snap-fit fastener according to a particular embodiment of the invention, wherein the article comprises the female portion of the coupling. Accordingly, in this embodiment, the locking element is designed to partially correspond to the male portion of the coupling. Figures 5A and 5B illustrate a perspective and cross-sectional view, respectively, of a locator (1) according to a particular embodiment of the invention that includes a mounting component (2). The locking element (3) is designed to be secured in the female portion of the coupling mechanism present on the object. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 5, the release element (4) includes a lever that can be manually operated to move the position of the lock element so that it releases from the coupling with the female portion (the operation causes movement in the direction of the arrows).
    Example 5
    This example, illustrated by Figure 6, provides a locator (1) comprising a mounting component according to a particular embodiment of the invention. The mounting component (2) comprises a locking element with the unlocking element integrated therein. It comprises an opening (5) for inserting the male part (A) and an edge (6) formed by the opening (5). However, the edge is formed by two or four springs that can be compressed by pushing the male portion along either axis in either direction, i.e., when the male portion is either introduced into or removed from the mounting component.
    In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 6, the mounting component present on the locator comprises four springs that are oriented in two right-angled directions, limiting the movement of the male portion after introduction into the mounting component. In alternative embodiments, the fastening component may only comprise two oppositely positioned springs that secure the male portion in only one direction.
    The locator as illustrated in Figure 6 further comprises an opening that allows the locator to be mounted on a workpiece clamping device or a structural element thereof.
    Figure 7 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a fastening component (2) that forms an integral part of a locator (1), the fastening component of which comprises a locking element (3 ') that has an unlocking element integrated therein, a series of springs compressed by the pushing the male part (A) in either direction along the axis of the male part.
    Example 6
    This example, illustrated by Figure 8, provides a locator (1) that includes an integrated mounting component according to a particular embodiment of the invention as a locking element (3), further comprising a reference surface (30) on which the workpiece to be held, will rest. This reference surface is predetermined and determines the position in which the workpiece is held by the workpiece clamping device.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    A locator (1) for use in a workpiece clamping device for supporting and / or positioning a workpiece comprising a locking element, the locator (1) comprising at least one integrated mounting component (2) capable of securely attaching the workpiece but reversibly holding with its locking element, and at least one surface corresponding to a surface of the workpiece based on a 3-dimensional image of the workpiece characterized in that said at least one mounting component (2) comprises a locking element (3) that is designed to receive said locking element present on said workpiece (A) and an unlocking element (4) for unlocking said locking element present on said workpiece from the locking element by operating the unlocking element, said unlocking element being comprises at least one spring so that a uni directional force input a bidirectional linear movement can be provided.
    [2]
    The locator of claim 1, wherein said locking element is the male or female portion of a coupling mechanism.
    [3]
    The locator according to claim 2, wherein said coupling mechanism is a spring closure, snap fit, snap hook, snap lock, click clamp mechanism.
    [4]
    The locator according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein said mounting component is unlocked by applying a force to said mounting component.
    [5]
    The locator of claim 4, wherein said force input is a pneumatic, a hydraulic, a mechanical, an electrical or an electromagnetic force.
    [6]
    The locator according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein said mounting component comprises a locking element with an integrated unlocking element.
    [7]
    The locator according to any of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a component for attaching the locator to a workpiece clamping device.
    [8]
    The locator according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein said locator is made from a single material.
    [9]
    The locator according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein said locator is made as one integral workpiece.
    [10]
    The locator according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein said attachment component is at least partially reinforced with a layer of highly durable material or by local hardening.
    [11]
    The support and / or reference structure for supporting and / or positioning a workpiece comprising a base structure, which is a plate or one or more bars, and one or more structural elements, wherein at least one of said structural elements comprises or is connected to a locator according to any of claims 1 to 10.
    [12]
    The support and / or reference structure according to claim 11, characterized in that the position of said support and / or reference structures is determined based on a digital description of said workpiece and optionally a desired positioning thereof.
    [13]
    Use of a locator according to any of claims 1 to 10, or a support and / or reference structure according to claim 11 or 12, for calibrating, inspecting, checking, assembling or any other machining of a workpiece.
    [14]
    A method of producing a locator for supporting and / or positioning a workpiece comprising a locking element in a workpiece clamping device, the method comprising the steps of: obtaining a three-dimensional image of an object and its desired position, determining reference surfaces and reference points for a locator, designing a locator comprising one or more coupling surfaces that connect to a (specific) surface of the workpiece and a mounting component capable of holding the workpiece securely but reversibly with its locking element, based on the reference surfaces and reference points, and producing the locator through additive production processes.
    [15]
    A method of producing a support and / or reference structure for reversibly positioning a workpiece comprising a locking element in a specific position, the method comprising the steps of: obtaining a three-dimensional image of an object and its desired position, designing one or more locators comprising an integrated fastening component capable of holding the workpiece securely but reversibly with its locking element, designing one or more coupling surfaces on the locators that connect to a (specific) surface of the workpiece, designing a support and / or reference structure with structural elements supporting the one or more locators, such that the one or more locators can position the workpiece in the desired position when the locking elements of the workpiece lock with the respective mounting component n of the one or more locators, producing the locators via additive production processes, and providing a support and / or reference structure comprising the locators.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20130031753A1|2013-02-07|
    ES2623277T3|2017-07-10|
    JP2013530353A|2013-07-25|
    EP2564079B1|2017-02-01|
    GB201007257D0|2010-06-16|
    DK2564079T3|2017-05-01|
    KR20130132694A|2013-12-05|
    WO2011135087A1|2011-11-03|
    EP2564079A1|2013-03-06|
    US9157465B2|2015-10-13|
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