Coupling device for a valve operating device

专利摘要:
The present invention relates to a coupling device for a valve operating device for operating at least one valve of a reciprocating variable displacement engine, particularly for a valve operating device of a reciprocating internal combustion engine, a valve operating device and a reciprocating piston engine, wherein the coupling device comprises a first coupling element, a second coupling element and a locking device. The first coupling element and the second coupling element are displaceable relative to each other at least within defined limits along a first axis, wherein the relative displacement of the two coupling elements to each other along the first axis can be blocked at least in a first direction by means of the locking device. The locking device has a blocking element which is rotatable about the first axis in the circumferential direction at least in a defined region, the relative displacement of the two coupling elements being blocked along the first axis at least in the first direction when the blocking element is in a blocking position.
公开号:AT520278A1
申请号:T50643/2017
申请日:2017-08-01
公开日:2019-02-15
发明作者:Martin Klampfer Ing；Andreas Zurk Ing；Thomas Salmutter Ing；Ing Dipl (Fh) Jürgen Gelter
申请人:Avl List Gmbh；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Summary
The present invention relates to a coupling device for a valve actuating device for actuating at least one valve of a reciprocating piston machine with variable valve lift, in particular for a valve actuating device of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, a valve actuating device and a reciprocating piston machine, the coupling device having a first coupling element, a second coupling element and a locking device. The first coupling element and the second coupling element can be displaced relative to one another at least within defined limits along a first axis, the relative displacement of the two coupling elements relative to one another along the first axis being able to be blocked at least in a first direction by means of the locking device. The locking device has a locking element which can be rotated in the circumferential direction about the first axis at least in a defined area, the relative displacement of the two coupling elements along the first axis being blocked at least in the first direction when the locking element is in a blocking position.
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- 1 coupling device for a valve actuation device
The present invention relates to a coupling device for a valve actuation device for actuating at least one valve of a reciprocating piston machine with variable valve lift, in particular for a valve actuation device of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine. The present invention further relates to a aforementioned valve actuation device and a reciprocating piston machine with such a valve actuation device.
Generic coupling devices and valve actuation devices as well as reciprocating piston machines, in particular reciprocating piston machines with such valve actuation devices, are basically known from the prior art.
Due to the increasing demands in terms of performance, efficiency and emissions, variable valve trains, i.e. Valve drives with variable valve lift, in reciprocating internal combustion engines, in particular in reciprocating internal combustion engines in four-stroke operation and in six-stroke operation, are becoming increasingly important.
With variable valve trains, the need for the designers of the internal combustion engines and the desire for thermodynamics to alternatively transfer different valve lift curves to one or more valves, in particular depending on the operating situation of the internal combustion engine, whereby both the valve lift and the opening and closing times are adapted can.
This is generally achieved by switching over the transmission path of the valve train. Lift switching and lift cut-off systems with switchable cam followers, such as cup tappets, roller tappets or rocker arms, are in series in various applications. The rule here is that a corresponding cam must also be present as a stroke-giving element for each additional alternative valve stroke - unless the alternative stroke is a zero stroke.
There are different areas of application for the use of valve trains with variable or variable valve lift. Some examples are listed below:
Stroke changeover: The stroke changeover enables the use of at least two different valve lifts depending on the operating point. This uses a smaller valve lift that is specially tailored to the partial load range, which improves the torque curve and reduces consumption and emissions. The large valve lift / 57
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- 2 can be optimized to further increase performance. A smaller valve stroke with a smaller maximum stroke and a shorter length of the event enables a reduction in the gas exchange work (Miller cycle) due to a significantly earlier inlet closing time and dethrottling in the intake tract. Similar results are possible with the Atkinson cycle, which means extremely late admission. Optimal filling of the combustion chamber results in an increase in torque in the partial load range.
Cylinder deactivation: The cylinder deactivation is mainly used for large-volume, multi-cylinder engines (for example with four, eight, ten or twelve engine cylinders). Selected engine cylinders are shut down by switching off the lift on the intake and exhaust valves; there is a complete decoupling from the cam lift. Due to equidistant firing sequences, common V8 and V12 engines can be switched to A4 or R6 engines. The purpose of the engine cylinder deactivation is to minimize the gas exchange losses and to shift the operating point to higher mean pressures and thus higher thermodynamic efficiencies, as a result of which considerable fuel savings can be achieved.
Engine brake operation: Engine brake systems that enable engine brake operation are becoming increasingly important in vehicle internal combustion engines, in particular for commercial vehicles, since these are inexpensive and space-saving additional brake systems which can relieve the wheel brakes, especially on long downhill journeys. In addition, the increase in the specific output of modern commercial vehicle engines also means an increase in the braking power to be achieved.
To achieve an engine braking effect, it is known to provide additional macro valves in the engine cylinders of an internal combustion engine, with which a so-called decompression braking can be carried out by decompressing the at the end of the compression stroke, in particular in the case of a four-stroke engine or a six-stroke engine Cylinder is carried out via the additional engine valves. As a result, the work done on the compressed gas escapes via the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the internal combustion engine must again work to refill the cylinder with gas. Among other things, it is known to generate an engine braking effect via a variable valve train of the actual exhaust valves.
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- 3 Various systems and concepts are known for changing the valve lift. In particular, it is known to provide a coupling device between one or more valve actuation elements of a valve actuation device that transmit a cam stroke and by means of which a switching in the transmission path of the valve train can be achieved.
For example, US 2014/0326212 A1 shows a system for variable valve control, in particular for generating an engine braking effect, which has a “lost motion” device with hydraulically actuatable locking elements in order to selectively lock or unlock a valve actuation mechanism, so that valve actuation movements can be transmitted or transmitted are not transmitted to one or more valves in order to change the valve lift and thereby in particular to produce an engine braking effect.
WO 2015/022071 discloses a valve actuation device for actuating at least a first valve of a reciprocating piston engine, in particular an internal combustion engine, which can be used in particular for engine braking and which has a first rocker arm part, a second rocker arm part and a first switching element for changing the valve lift of the at least one has a first valve, the first rocker arm part and the second rocker arm part being pivotably mounted and arranged in such a way that at least one first valve control movement can be transmitted from a first camshaft via the first rocker arm part and the second rocker arm part to the at least one first valve.
It is an object of the invention to provide an improved coupling device, in particular a particularly simple coupling device, for a valve actuation device. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide an improved valve actuation device, in particular mechanically actuable with the aid of a cam, and an improved reciprocating piston machine with such a valve actuation device.
This object is achieved according to the invention by a coupling device according to claim 1, a valve actuation device according to claim 21 and a reciprocating piston machine according to claim 28. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims and are explained in more detail below. The teaching of the claims is expressly made part of the description.
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A first aspect of the present invention relates to a coupling device for a valve actuation device for actuating at least one valve of a reciprocating piston machine with a variable valve lift, in particular for a valve actuation device of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, the coupling device having at least a first coupling element, a second coupling element and a locking device with a blocking element , The first coupling element and the second coupling element and / or the first coupling element and the locking element can be displaced relative to one another along a first axis and by means of the locking device the relative displacement of the two coupling elements to one another and / or the relative displacement between the first coupling element and the locking element along the first Axis can be blocked at least in a first direction.
The two coupling elements and / or the first coupling element and the blocking element can be displaced relative to one another along the first axis, in particular at least within defined limits, the defined limits being determined in particular by the design of the coupling device and / or its surroundings, in particular by the kinematic and / or space-related conditions.
According to the invention, the locking element can be rotated in the circumferential direction about the first axis at least over a defined angular range, the relative displacement of the two coupling elements along the first axis relative to one another and / or the relative displacement between the first coupling element and the locking element being blocked at least in the first direction when the locking element is in a blocking position.
Such a coupling device enables mechanical valve actuation with at least one defined valve lift in a simple manner, in particular when used in a functionally appropriate manner in a valve actuation device, it being possible to set a first defined valve lift in which the blocking element is brought into the blocking position.
A coupling device in the sense of the invention is a device for coupling, in particular for mechanical and / or kinematic coupling, of at least two elements, in particular of at least two actuating elements.
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5 A coupling element in the sense of the invention is an element designed for mechanical and / or kinematic coupling.
A valve actuation device in the sense of the invention is a device for actuating one or more valves of a reciprocating piston engine, in particular a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine.
A valve in the sense of the invention is an inlet or an outlet valve, in particular an inlet or an outlet valve of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine.
A variable valve lift in the sense of the invention is a valve lift which can be changed in any way. In particular, two states can exist with respect to the variable valve lift, namely firstly a zero stroke and secondly a defined valve lift.
A locking device in the sense of the invention is a device with which in particular an axial relative displacement between two defined elements can be locked. A locking element in the sense of the invention is part of a locking device.
A valve actuation movement in the sense of the invention is a kinematic event which is generated in particular by a cam on a camshaft and is transmitted to a valve. This event is described in particular by the physical parameters position, speed and acceleration.
The solution according to the invention is based in particular on the approach of designing the coupling device such that either a transmission of a valve actuation movement to an associated valve to be actuated takes place or no transmission, so that, in particular optionally, a first defined valve lift or a second defined valve lift, in particular one Zero stroke to be able to adjust.
Hydraulic, electronic or electromagnetic devices for transmitting the valve lift from camshaft to valve are therefore not necessary according to the invention. According to the invention, in particular one that can be used to adjust the valve lift by the rotary movement generated by a cam.
In some applications it can be advantageous if the coupling device is designed like a telescopic rod, in which case the first axis of the coupling device preferably coincides with the longitudinal axis of the coupling device.
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- 6 To reduce the friction and / or to set a defined friction in the coupling device, the parts sliding against one another can have a friction-reducing surface and / or a surface with a defined roughness and / or be coated and / or lubricated with a lubricant.
In an advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, the coupling device is designed such that the relative displacement of the two coupling elements to one another and / or the relative displacement between the first coupling element and the blocking element along the first axis is released at least in the first direction when the blocking element is released is in a release position, the locking element preferably being rotatable about the first axis at least between a release position and a blocking position.
A coupling device designed in this way enables mechanical valve actuation with at least two different defined valve strokes in a simple manner, in particular when used in a correspondingly configured valve actuating device, whereby a first defined valve stroke can be set by means of the coupling device when the locking element is in the Blocking position and a second defined valve stroke, in particular a zero stroke when the locking element is in the release position. In particular, a coupling device according to the invention enables valve lift control that is variable within certain limits.
It has turned out to be advantageous for some applications if the locking element can be rotated in the circumferential direction about the first axis over a defined angular range that extends from approximately 15 degrees to approximately 30 degrees in the circumferential direction. In other applications, other defined angular ranges can be more advantageous, for example up to 45 degrees or 60 degrees or even up to 90 degrees or less than 15 degrees.
In particular, the coupling device is designed such that, in a first state of the coupling device, a defined relative displacement of the two coupling elements with respect to one another along the longitudinal axis of the coupling device is blocked, and in a second state of the coupling device the relative displacement is released, the relative displacement preferably being selectively releasable or blockable.
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The coupling device is preferably designed in such a way that by blocking the relative displacement, a kinematic coupling of a first actuating element mechanically coupled to the first coupling element can be effected with a second actuating element mechanically coupled to the second coupling element of the coupling device and by releasing the relative displacement the kinematic separation between the two actuators.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, the coupling device is designed to be arranged in a valve actuation device, in particular to be arranged in a valve actuation device which can be actuated by means of a rotatable cam, the valve actuation device being designed to actuate at least one valve of a reciprocating piston machine with variable valve lift and at least a first one Has valve actuating element and in particular a second valve actuating element, wherein the coupling device is preferably designed in such a way that the first coupling element can be mechanically coupled, in particular connected, to the first valve actuating element and the second coupling element can be connected to the second valve actuating element or a valve to be actuated.
The coupling device is in particular designed in such a way that the coupling device for transmitting a valve actuation movement from a first valve actuation element of the valve actuation device to a second valve actuation element of the valve actuation device can effect and / or separate a kinematic coupling of the first valve actuation element, in particular optionally.
The coupling device is preferably designed in such a way that when the coupling device is used in a functional manner in a valve actuation device in the blocked state of the coupling device with a corresponding configuration of the valve actuation device and corresponding mechanical coupling of the first coupling element to a first valve actuation element of a valve actuation device, the valve actuation movement results via the first valve actuation element Valve actuation device and the first coupling element, valve actuation movement introduced into the coupling device can be transmitted along the first axis to the second coupling element and from there, with a corresponding mechanical coupling of the second coupling element to a second valve actuation element / 57
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- 8 of the valve actuation device further onto the second valve actuation element, so that a defined valve lift can be effected, and / or in such a way that, in the released state of the coupling device, a valve actuation movement introduced via the first coupling element into the coupling device along the first axis for an axial displacement of the leads first coupling element relative to the second coupling element, but not to a transmission of the valve actuation movement to the second coupling element, so that there is no or less axial displacement of the second coupling element and in particular a second defined valve stroke, preferably a zero stroke, is adjustable.
With a coupling device designed in this way, the transmission of a defined valve actuation movement can thus be made possible or prevented and a valve lift of a valve of a reciprocating piston machine, in particular a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, mechanically coupled to the coupling device can be controlled.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, the locking element has an annular or sleeve-shaped section, the annular or sleeve-shaped section of the locking element preferably at least partially overlapping in the axial direction with the first coupling element and / or the second coupling element.
In particular, the ring-shaped or sleeve-shaped section of the locking element at least partially encompasses the first coupling element and / or the second coupling element, preferably with a circumferential angle of more than 180 degrees, in particular with a circumferential angle of more than 270 degrees, preferably completely.
In particular, at least one of the two coupling elements, in particular the first coupling element, can be pushed at least partially along the first axis into the locking device, in particular into the locking element, and / or can be pushed through the locking device, in particular the locking element.
The locking device, in particular the locking element, preferably has a first link guide element, which is designed to cooperate with a second link guide element of a link guide designed corresponding to the first link guide element, with the link guide rotating the locking device, in particular the locking element, about the first axis be / 57
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- 9 is effective, in particular from the release position to the blocking position and vice versa. This enables a simple, mechanical actuation of the blocking element and thus a simple, mechanical adjustment of the valve lift.
In particular, the first link guide element is a link pin which extends outward in the radial direction, in particular a pin which is arranged on the ring-shaped or sleeve-shaped section of the locking device, in particular the locking element, and extends in the radial direction outward. A mechanical actuation of the locking element can be effected in a particularly simple manner with the aid of a pin.
In this case, the defined angular range, around which the locking element can be rotated about the first axis, is preferably dimensioned, in particular not chosen too large, to ensure that the first link guide element and the second link guide element are always sufficiently engaged with one another by one to ensure safe actuation of the locking device. The switching times also increase with increasing angular range.
The locking device, in particular the locking element, is preferably at least partially, in particular completely, fixed in the axial direction along the first axis, relative to at least one coupling element, in particular relative to the second coupling element.
For this purpose, the locking device, in particular the locking element, can be fastened to the coupling element, for example by means of a locking ring, and / or can be fixed axially by means of a pretensioning device and, for example, can be braced in the axial direction in a defined position relative to the coupling element, in particular relative to the second coupling element , at least in the release position.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, the coupling device has a play setting device for setting a kinematic play in the coupling device, in particular for setting a kinematic play in the axial direction along the first axis. With a corresponding design of the play adjusting device, when the coupling device is used in a functional manner, it can be made possible in a mechanical, appropriately designed valve actuation device that at least an almost, in particular completely, load-free state in relation to the first axis, i.e. an axial force-free state in / 57
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- 10 direction of the first axis, is adjustable, especially if the valve actuating device can be actuated with the aid of a rotatable cam. This enables actuation of the coupling device in an almost load-free or load-free state. This has the advantage that the wear of the coupling device, in particular the locking device, can be significantly reduced compared to actuation under load.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, the first coupling element and the second coupling element can be at least partially pushed into one another along the first axis in the manner of a telescopic rod, in particular when the locking element is in the release position.
In particular, one of the two coupling elements, in particular the first coupling element, has a free, piston-like end and the other, in particular second, coupling element has a free, cylinder-like end and faces the free end of the first coupling element, the free, piston-like end of one coupling element can be at least partially pushed into the cylinder-like end of the other coupling element along the first axis, the coupling element with the piston-like end preferably being guided through the coupling element with the cylinder-like end during the relative displacement.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, at least one of the two coupling elements and the locking device, in particular the first coupling element and the locking device, can be at least partially pushed into one another along the first axis like a telescopic rod, in particular when the locking element is in the release position, preferably the first coupling element can be at least partially pushed into the locking element along the first axis.
In particular, in this case one of the two coupling elements, in particular the first coupling element, has a free, piston-like end and the blocking element is preferably cylindrical and has an open end facing the free end of the first coupling element and an opposite closed end, the free, piston-like end of the coupling element, in particular of the first coupling element, can be at least partially pushed into the cylinder-like, open end of the locking element along the first axis.
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Furthermore, in this case the closed end of the locking element can preferably be supported on the other coupling element, in particular on the second coupling element, in particular with the aid of a spring element, preferably with the aid of a prestressed spring element.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, one of the coupling elements, in particular the first coupling element, has a first section, in particular a section extending along the first axis and / or the longitudinal direction of the associated coupling element, with external longitudinal teeth and a second one without Teeth formed section, wherein the second section preferably, in particular likewise, extends along the first axis and / or the longitudinal direction of the associated coupling element and in particular adjoins the first section.
In particular, an outer diameter of the second section of the coupling element which is designed without toothing is smaller than a tip circle diameter of the outer longitudinal toothing of the first section of the coupling element, in particular the outer diameter of the second section being less than or equal to the root circle diameter of the outer longitudinal toothing of the first section.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, the locking element has a section which extends in the axial direction and has an inner longitudinal toothing which corresponds to the outer longitudinal toothing of the first section of the coupling element, the inner longitudinal toothing in particular on an inner side of the annular and / or sleeve-shaped portion of the locking element is arranged.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, the locking element is in the blocking position when the coupling element with the external longitudinal toothing is axially displaced relative to the locking element in such a way that the internal longitudinal toothing does not coincide with the external longitudinal toothing of the Coupling element is in engagement, but the inner longitudinal toothing of the locking element is at the level of the second section formed without toothing, and if the locking element is rotated in the circumferential direction in such a way that at least one tooth, in particular all teeth, of the outer longitudinal toothing of the first section of the coupling element with at least one tooth, in particular with / 57
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- 12 all teeth, the inner longitudinal toothing of the locking element is at least partially aligned in the axial direction.
The end faces of the teeth preferably lie against one another. In this way, a pressure force applied to the coupling element can be axially supported via the aligned teeth, in particular their end faces, and a valve actuation movement can be transmitted.
In the case of this configuration described above, the defined angular range around which the locking element can be rotated in the circumferential direction about the first axis is preferably dimensioned at least such that the internal longitudinal toothing of the locking element can be brought into engagement with the external longitudinal toothing of the coupling element to release the relative displacement and for blocking the relative displacement relative to the external longitudinal toothing of the coupling element can be arranged such that at least one tooth, in particular all teeth, of the external longitudinal toothing of the first section of the coupling element with at least one tooth, in particular with all teeth, of the internal longitudinal toothing of the Locking element is at least partially aligned in the axial direction.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, the locking element is in the release position when the locking element is rotated in the circumferential direction in such a way that all teeth of the external longitudinal toothing of the first section of the coupling element are arranged so offset to all teeth of the internal longitudinal toothing of the locking element are that the teeth of the outer longitudinal toothing of the first coupling element are in engagement with the teeth of the inner longitudinal toothing at least over part of their axial length or can be brought into engagement with one another by an axial relative displacement between the coupling element and the locking element.
For the purposes of the invention, “in engagement” is understood to mean the mutual, in particular comb-like arrangement of the teeth of an external toothing with the internal toothing, the tooth flanks not having to touch each other, i.e. can also be arranged alternately with play in between.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, the locking element can be rotated about the first axis if the coupling element is / 57
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13 of the outer longitudinal toothing is axially displaced relative to the locking element in such a way that the inner longitudinal toothing is not in engagement with the outer longitudinal toothing of the first coupling element, but is located at the level of the second section which is designed without toothing.
In some cases, it can be advantageous, in particular for axial guidance, if the coupling element with the external longitudinal toothing has a further section with external longitudinal toothing, in particular with identical toothing geometry to the external longitudinal toothing of the first section, the further section preferably adjoining the second section is arranged without toothing and in particular is arranged at the free end of the coupling element, in particular in such a way that the second section is arranged without toothing in the axial direction between the first section with external longitudinal toothing and the further section with external longitudinal toothing.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, the locking device has at least one locking wedge arranged in the radial direction between the inner coupling element and the locking device, in particular between the inner coupling element and the locking element, in particular a plurality of locking wedges distributed in the circumferential direction, at least one locking wedge in Axial direction is arranged in an overlap area in which the first coupling element and the second coupling element overlap in the axial direction.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, at least one of the locking wedges, preferably all locking wedges, can be displaced inwards in the radial direction and brought into engagement with the radially inner coupling element, in particular with a recess or a groove in the circumferential direction of the radially inner coupling element, that an axial relative displacement along the first axis between the first coupling element and the second coupling element, in particular a telescopic rod-like sliding of the two coupling elements is blocked.
At least one locking wedge is preferably displaceable inward in the radial direction against a restoring force, in particular against a restoring spring.
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In particular, at least one of the locking wedges, preferably all locking wedges, is inserted in an associated recess in the radially outer coupling element, in particular in the second coupling element, at least one of the locking wedges, preferably all locking wedges, through the associated recess in the axial direction, in particular additionally in Circumferential direction, are guided and / or are fixed relative to the radially outer coupling element.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, at least one of the locking wedges, preferably all locking wedges, has a guide surface running in the circumferential direction, in particular on the radially outer side of the locking wedge, designed as a ramp, and the locking device, in particular the locking element, preferably at least a guide element cooperating with the guide surface, which cooperates with the guide surface such that, in particular, rotating the locking element in the circumferential direction from the release position into the blocking position causes the locking wedge to shift radially inward, so that the locking wedge with the radially inner coupling element is engaged and an axial relative displacement along the first axis between the first coupling element and the second coupling element is blocked.
Particularly suitable as guide elements are projections and / or rolling elements, in particular balls, which are mounted in recesses and / or openings in the blocking element, are held by the blocking element in the radial direction and roll on the blocking wedges. Rolling elements are particularly advantageous for reducing friction.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, the locking device has an expansion sleeve arranged in the radial direction inside the locking element, the locking device being designed in particular in such a way that by turning the locking element in a first direction about the first axis, in particular by turning the locking element in Direction of the blocking position, the expansion sleeve can be compressed in the radial direction and / or in the circumferential direction.
An expansion sleeve in the sense of the invention is a sleeve which has at least one slot which extends in its longitudinal direction at least over part of its length and whose outer diameter can be reduced in particular by applying a tensile force acting in the circumferential direction and / or a radial compressive force compared to a non-energized state , In the sense of the invention, an expansion sleeve has in particular one or more continuous slots extending over its entire length, / 57
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15 preferably slots arranged uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and extending only over part of their length. An expansion sleeve in the sense of the invention can be cylindrical or have one or more conical sections. In particular, the outer diameter can decrease in one direction along its longitudinal axis, in particular continuously, in sections steadily or discontinuously.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, by rotating the locking element in a second direction about the first axis, in particular by rotating the locking element in the direction of the release position, the expansion sleeve can be expanded in the radial direction and / or in the circumferential direction, in particular with respect to the blocking -Position.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, at least one coupling element and the expansion sleeve, preferably the coupling element, to which the expansion sleeve is not axially fixed and the expansion sleeve, in particular the first coupling element and the expansion sleeve, can be displaced axially relative to one another along the first axis, in particular at least partially telescopically slidable into one another if the expansion sleeve is not compressed in the radial direction and / or in the circumferential direction. On the other hand, a relative displacement between the other coupling element and the expansion sleeve in the axial direction along the first axis is blocked if the expansion sleeve is at least partially or completely, i.e. in the radial direction and / or in the circumferential direction. and as possible within the coupling device.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, when the locking element is in the blocking position, the expansion sleeve at least partially has an inner diameter, in particular at its free end, which is smaller and faces the coupling element which is displaceable in the axial direction relative to the expansion sleeve and which is smaller. than an outer diameter of the coupling element which can be displaced in the axial direction relative to the expansion sleeve, in particular smaller than an outer diameter of a shaft shoulder of the coupling element which can be displaced relative to the expansion sleeve.
It can thereby be achieved that the expansion sleeve for blocking the relative displacement can be supported with its end face on a shaft shoulder of the coupling element which can be displaced relative to the expansion sleeve.
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In a further advantageous embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention, the expansion sleeve has a section that tapers conically, in particular along the first axis, in particular a section that tapers in the direction of the coupling element that can be displaced relative to the expansion sleeve, and preferably the locking element that can be rotated about the first axis a corresponding to the conical section of the expansion sleeve and interacting with the tapered section of the expansion sleeve, hollow cone-shaped section, the expansion sleeve being coupled to the locking element in particular by means of a thread.
As a result, by rotating the locking element about the first axis, a relative movement in the axial direction, i.e. in the direction of the first axis, between the locking element and the expansion sleeve and consequently compressing or expanding the expansion sleeve, depending on the direction of rotation of the locking element.
The conical sections are preferably each outside the thread. The expansion sleeve is preferably also axially fixed to one of the two coupling elements, in particular to the second coupling element.
A coupling device according to the invention can be designed to be arranged in a valve actuation device which has at least one rocker arm with at least a first rocker arm part as the first valve actuation element and a second rocker arm part as the second valve actuation element, the first rocker arm part and the second rocker arm part both being rotatably mounted about a common axis of rotation, wherein one coupling element can be mechanically coupled, in particular connected, to the first rocker arm part and the other coupling element to the second rocker arm part.
The coupling device can be designed in such a way that the coupling elements can each be connected to the rocker arm in a fixed manner or both can be pivotally connected, at least one pivot axis, preferably both pivot axes, running parallel to the common axis of rotation of the two rocker arm parts.
A coupling device according to the invention can be designed to be arranged in a valve actuation device which has at least one rocker arm, in particular a rigid rocker arm, as the first valve actuation element and a push rod as the second valve actuation element, one coupling element being mechanically couplable, in particular connectable, to the push rod and the other coupling element / 57
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- 17 with the rocker arm, wherein in particular the cam-side coupling element can be connected to the push rod and the valve-side coupling element can be connected to the rocker arm.
A coupling device according to the invention can be designed to be arranged in a valve actuation device which has at least one rocker arm, in particular a rigid rocker arm, as the first valve actuation element, one coupling element being mechanically couplable, in particular connectable, to the rocker arm and the other coupling element having a valve to be actuated, wherein in particular the cam-side coupling element can be connected to the rocker arm and the valve-side coupling element with the valve to be actuated.
A coupling device according to the invention can be designed to be arranged in a valve actuation device which has at least one split push rod with a first push rod part as the first valve actuation element and a second push rod part as the second valve actuation element, one coupling element being mechanically couplable, in particular connectable, to the first push rod part and the other coupling element with the second pushrod part.
A coupling device according to the invention can be designed for arrangement in a valve actuation device which has at least one rocker arm, in particular a rigid rocker arm, as the first valve actuation element and a valve bridge as the second valve actuation element, one coupling element being mechanically couplable, in particular connectable, to the rocker arm and the other coupling element with the valve bridge.
A second aspect of the present invention relates to a valve actuation device, in particular a valve actuation device which can be actuated by means of a rotatable cam, the valve actuation device being designed to actuate at least one valve of a reciprocating piston machine with a variable valve lift and having a coupling device according to the invention.
In an advantageous embodiment of a valve actuation device according to the invention, the valve actuation device has at least one rocker arm with at least one first rocker arm part as the first valve actuation element and a second rocker arm part as the second valve actuation element, the first rocker arm part and the second rocker arm part both being rotatably mounted about a common axis of rotation, wherein / 57
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18 a coupling element is mechanically coupled in particular to the first rocker arm part, and the other coupling element is connected to the second rocker arm part.
The first coupling element of the coupling device is preferably connected to the cam-side rocker arm part and the second coupling element is connected to the valve-side coupling element. Alternatively, however, the second coupling element can also be connected to the cam-side rocker arm part and the first coupling element can be connected to the valve-side coupling element.
The coupling elements can both be fixed or both pivotally connected to the rocker arm, at least one pivot axis, preferably both pivot axes, running parallel to the common axis of rotation of the two rocker arm parts.
A rocker arm part in the sense of the invention is a section of a valve lever which is used to transmit a valve control movement from a camshaft to a valve of a reciprocating piston engine, in particular an internal combustion engine.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a valve actuation device according to the invention, the valve actuation device has at least one rocker arm, in particular a rigid rocker arm, as the first valve actuation element and a push rod as the second valve actuation element, one coupling element being mechanically coupled, in particular connected, to the push rod and the other coupling element being connected to it Rocker arm, wherein in particular the cam-side coupling element is connected to the push rod and the valve-side coupling element to the rocker arm.
In a further advantageous embodiment, the valve actuation device has at least one rocker arm, in particular a rigid rocker arm, as the first valve actuation element, one coupling element being mechanically coupled, in particular connected, to the rocker arm and the other coupling element being connected to a valve to be actuated, in particular the cam-side coupling element is connected to the rocker arm and the valve-side coupling element with the valve to be actuated.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a valve actuation device according to the invention, the valve actuation device has at least one split push rod / 57
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19 with a first push rod part as the first valve actuation element and a second push rod part as the second valve actuation element, one coupling element being mechanically coupled, in particular connected, to the first push rod part and the other coupling element being connected to the second push rod part.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a valve actuation device according to the invention, the valve actuation device has at least one rocker arm, in particular a rigid rocker arm, as the first valve actuation element and a valve bridge as the second valve actuation element, one coupling element being mechanically coupled, in particular connected, to the rocker arm and the other coupling element being connected to the valve bridge.
In particular, a valve actuation device according to the invention is designed in such a way that the locking device can be actuated in a load-free state, the valve actuation device in a further advantageous embodiment, in particular for adjusting at least one load-free state, having a play setting device. This is preferably designed such that at least one load-free state can be set, in particular if a cam assigned to the valve actuation device rolls on the base circle.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a valve actuation device according to the invention, the valve actuation device has a link guide for actuating the locking device of the coupling device, with the link guide being able to effect a rotary movement of the locking device, in particular the locking element, about the first axis, in particular from the release position into the blocking -Position and / or vice versa, wherein a first link guide element is preferably arranged on the blocking element, which is designed to cooperate with a second link guide element of the link guide, which is designed corresponding to the first link guide element and is in particular axially displaceable and is mounted on the housing side.
A third aspect of the present invention relates to a reciprocating piston machine, in particular a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, with a valve actuation device according to the invention.
These and other features and advantages emerge from the claims and from the description and from the drawings, the individual features / 57
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- 20 alone or in groups, in the form of sub-combinations in one embodiment of the invention, and can represent an advantageous embodiment which can be protected by itself, provided that this is technically possible. Some of the features or properties mentioned relate both to a coupling device according to the invention and to a valve actuation device according to the invention and to a reciprocating piston machine according to the invention. Some of these features and properties are only described once, but apply independently of one another within the scope of technically possible configurations both for a coupling device according to the invention and for a valve actuation device according to the invention and for a reciprocating piston machine according to the invention.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of non-restrictive exemplary embodiments, which are at least partially shown schematically in the figures. Components with the same function are provided with the same reference symbols.
Some of them show schematically:
Fig. 1a shows a first embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention in longitudinal section
Fig. 1b
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4a
Fig. 4b
4c, the coupling device from FIG. 1a in an exploded view, a first exemplary embodiment of a valve actuation device according to the invention in a schematic representation with the coupling device from FIGS. 1a and 1b, a section of the valve actuation device from FIG. 2 in the area of the coupling device according to the invention in cross section, a second exemplary embodiment of a Coupling device according to the invention in longitudinal section, the coupling device from FIG. 4a in cross section in the area of the locking element in a perspective view, the coupling device from FIGS. 4a and 4b in an exploded view / 57
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- 21 - Fig. 5 a section of a second embodiment of a valve actuation device according to the invention with the coupling device of FIGS. 4a to 4c in side view Fig. 6a A third embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention in longitudinal section, Fig. 6b 6a in an exploded view, Fig. 7a 2 shows a detail of a third exemplary embodiment of a valve actuating device according to the invention in longitudinal section through a fourth exemplary embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention in the region of the coupling device, Fig. 7b individual parts of the coupling device from FIG. 7a in an exploded view, Fig. 7c 7 a section of the valve actuation device from FIG. 7 a in a side view, Fig. 8 a fourth embodiment of a valve actuation device according to the invention with a fifth embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention in a schematic diagram, Fig. 9 a fifth embodiment of a valve actuation device according to the invention with a sixth embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention in a schematic diagram, Fig. 10 a sixth embodiment of a valve actuation device according to the invention with a seventh embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention in a schematic diagram, Fig. 11 a seventh embodiment of a valve actuation device according to the invention with an eighth embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention in a schematic diagram,
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22 shows a section of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine according to the invention with two valve actuation devices according to the invention, each with a coupling device according to the invention designed according to FIGS. 1a, 1b and 2
FIG. 13 shows the detail from FIG. 12 in an oblique view from above with a link guide for actuating the locking devices of the coupling devices.
1 a shows a first exemplary embodiment of a coupling device 10 according to the invention, in this case designed as a telescopic rod, in longitudinal section, the coupling device 10 according to the invention being designed for arrangement in a valve actuation device (not shown here), in particular for arrangement in a valve actuation device that can be actuated with the aid of a rotatable cam for actuation at least of a valve in a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with variable valve lift with at least one first valve actuation element and in particular a second valve actuation element.
The coupling device 10 according to the invention has a first coupling element 11 and a second coupling element 12, the first coupling element 11 and the second coupling element 12 basically up to the respectively present (end) stops, i.e. at least within defined limits, are telescopically displaceable relative to one another in the axial direction along a first axis A, which in this embodiment coincides with the longitudinal axis of the coupling device 10.
For this purpose, the first coupling element 11 is at least partially piston-like and in particular has a piston-like free end, and the second coupling element 12 is at least partially cylindrical-like and in particular has a cylindrical free end. In this case, both the first piston element 11 and the cylinder-shaped second piston element 12 each have a circular or hollow cylindrical cross section.
The coupling device 10 also has a locking device 13 with a sleeve-shaped locking element 13B and a pin 13A which extends outward in the radial direction and which serves to actuate the locking element 13B by means of a link guide. The pin 13A forms a first link guide element, which / 57
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23 is designed to cooperate with a second link guide element, not shown here and corresponding to the pin 13A, of a link guide which is arranged outside the coupling device 10.
The locking device 13 is designed to either block or release the relative displacement of the two coupling elements 11 and 12 relative to one another along the first axis A. For this purpose, the blocking element 13B can be rotated in the circumferential direction around the first axis A, at least in a defined area, the relative displacement of the two coupling elements 11 and 12 along the first axis A being blocked, as shown in FIG. 1a, when the blocking element 13B is in a blocking position. Accordingly, the relative displacement of the two coupling elements 11 and 12 along the first axis A is released when the locking element 13B is in a release position, the locking element 13B being rotatable about the first axis A between the release position and the blocking position is.
To block the axial relative displacement, the blocking element 13B must be rotated in a first direction about the first axis A up to a blocking position and for releasing in a second, opposite direction, in particular up to a releasing position. The locking device 13 has a pressure piece 15 in the form of a spring-loaded ball, which the locking element 13B in the end positions, i.e. in the blocking position and in the release position.
The locking device 13, in particular the sleeve-shaped locking element 13B, is arranged in such a way that it at least partially overlaps both the first coupling element 11 and the second coupling element 12, the locking device 13, in particular the locking element 13B, using a locking ring 14 made of spring steel, which in a Groove on the locking element 13B is guided, is fixed in the axial direction on the second coupling element 12.
In this exemplary embodiment, the locking device 13, in particular the locking element 13B, completely engages around the first coupling element 11 and the second coupling element 12, i.e. in this exemplary embodiment of a coupling device 10 according to the invention, the blocking element 13B is designed to be closed in the circumferential direction.
In order to effect the blocking and to be able to release it again, the first coupling element 11 of the coupling device according to the invention from FIG
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24 of FIG. 1b, which shows an exploded view of the coupling device 10 from FIG. 1a, is clearly recognizable, a first section 16 extending in the longitudinal direction of the coupling element 11 with an external longitudinal toothing and a second, likewise in the longitudinal direction of the first Coupling element 11 extending and immediately adjacent to the first section 16 section 18 without toothing. Furthermore, a further, third section 19 adjoining the second section 18 is provided, which also extends in the longitudinal direction of the first coupling element 11 and also has an external longitudinal toothing
The locking device 13, in particular the sleeve-shaped locking element 13B, has over part of its length in the axial direction an internal longitudinal toothing 17 designed corresponding to the toothing geometry of the first section 16 and the third section 19, the internal longitudinal toothing 17 only over one in the axial direction Extends an area with a length which corresponds at most to the width of the second section 18 without toothing, so that the locking element 13B is rotatable about the first axis when the coupling element 11 with the external longitudinal toothing is axially displaced relative to the locking element 13B in such a way that the inner longitudinal toothing 17 of the locking element 13B is not in engagement with the outer longitudinal toothing of the first coupling element 11, but is located at the level of the second section 18 which is designed without toothing, ie between sections 16 and 19.
In this coupling device 10, an outer diameter of the second section 18 of the first coupling element 11, which is designed without toothing, is smaller than a tip circle diameter of the outer longitudinal toothing of the first section 16 of the first coupling element 11, the outer diameter of the second section 18 in particular being smaller than or equal to the root circle diameter the outer longitudinal toothing of the first section 16.
The external longitudinal toothing of the third section 19 serves to improve the guidance of the first coupling element 11 in the locking element 13B and / or in the second coupling element 12, the toothing geometry of the external longitudinal toothing of the third section 19 being identical to the toothing geometry of the external longitudinal toothing of the first section 18 is trained.
In this exemplary embodiment, the third section 19 is directly adjacent to the second section 18 which is designed without toothing and at the free end of the / 57
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25 first coupling element 11 is arranged, the individual teeth of the third section 19 being arranged in alignment with the teeth of the external longitudinal toothing in the first section 16.
The blocking element 13B is in the blocking position when the coupling element 11 with the external longitudinal toothing is axially displaced relative to the blocking element 13B in such a way that the internal longitudinal toothing 17 does not coincide with the external longitudinal toothing 16 of the coupling element in Is engaged, but the inner longitudinal toothing 17 of the locking element 13B is located in the axial direction at the level of the second section 18 which is designed without toothing, and when the locking element 13B is rotated in the circumferential direction in this way, ie is rotated about the first axis A such that at least one tooth, in particular all teeth, of the outer longitudinal toothing of the first section 16 of the coupling element 11 with at least one tooth, in particular with all teeth, of the inner longitudinal toothing of the locking element 13B at least partially in the axial direction Direction is aligned, especially in such a way that their end faces lie against each other.
Accordingly, the locking element 13B is in the release position when the locking element 13B is rotated in the circumferential direction such that all teeth of the external longitudinal toothing of the first section of the coupling element are offset from all teeth of the internal longitudinal toothing of the locking element 13B such that the Teeth of the outer longitudinal toothing of the first coupling element are in engagement with the teeth of the inner longitudinal toothing at least over part of their axial length or can be brought into engagement with one another by an axial relative displacement between the coupling element 11 and the locking element 13B, the individual tooth flanks being in engagement the mutually adjacent teeth of the coupling element 11 and the blocking element 13B do not necessarily have to touch when they are in engagement with one another, “combing with one another” is already sufficient.
The coupling device 10 shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b can in particular be connected to a split rocker arm 102 with two rocker arm parts of a valve actuation device that can be rotated about a common axis of rotation 103, see FIGS. 2 and 3, the first coupling element 11 being pivotable with a first valve actuation element in Form of a first rocker arm part 102B and the second coupling element 12 is pivotally connected to a second rocker arm part 102A.
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Using such a coupling device 10 according to the invention, a valve actuation movement introduced into the first rocker arm part 102B, in particular generated with the aid of a cam 104, can be transmitted in a simple manner from the first rocker arm part 102B to the second rocker arm part 102A and from there to the valve 101 and a valve lift can be effected or a valve actuation movement initiated in the first rocker arm part 102B can be dissipated or led into space by means of the coupling device 10.
In this case, the valve actuation movement is dissipated or made empty when the blocking element 13B is in the release position, so that the first coupling element 11 can freely enter the cylinder-like section of the second coupling element 12 without the valve actuation movement being transmitted to the second coupling element 12 becomes.
On the other hand, the valve actuation movement is transmitted when the blocking element 13B is in the blocking position and an axial relative displacement of the two coupling elements 11 and 12 with respect to one another is blocked.
In this way, a first defined valve stroke and in particular a second, defined valve stroke in the form of a zero stroke can be set very easily and in particular mechanically, with the advantages resulting therefrom.
2 shows a basic illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of a valve actuation device 100 according to the invention, this valve actuation device 100 having a divided rocker arm 102 which has a first, rocker arm part 102B on the cam side and a second, rocker arm part 102A on the valve side. The cam-side rocker arm part 102B and the valve-side rocker arm part 102A of the rocker arm 102 are each rotatably mounted about a common axis of rotation 103 and are coupled to one another by means of the coupling device 10 according to the invention from FIGS. 1a and 1b, which is only indicated here, in such a way that by means of the coupling device 10, a valve actuation movement generated by a cam 104 rotatable about an axis of rotation 105 can be transmitted to the cam-side rocker arm part 102B with the aid of a push rod 106, and from there depending on the state of the coupling device 10, it can either be further transmitted to the valve-side rocker arm part 102A and thus to one to be actuated Valve 101 or can be dissipated in the coupling device 10, in particular by pushing the coupling elements 11 and 12 of the coupling device 10 into one another.
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For a better understanding of FIG. 2, FIG. 3 shows a cross section of a section of the valve actuation device from FIG. 2 in the area of the coupling device according to the invention. In this illustration, the pivotable connection of the coupling elements 11 and 12 to the rocker arm parts 102A and 102B, which is only indicated by the bolts, can be seen.
4a to 4c and 5, a second embodiment of a coupling device 20 according to the invention is shown, wherein this coupling device 20 has a differently designed locking mechanism, in particular a differently designed locking device 23, and correspondingly differently designed coupling elements 21 and 22 than the previously described embodiment of the Coupling device 10 according to the invention.
The locking device 23 of the coupling device 20 has a plurality of locking wedges 24, which are arranged between the coupling element 21 lying further in the radial direction and the locking device 23, in particular between the inner coupling element 21 and the locking element 23B, all locking wedges 24 in the axial direction in an overlap area are arranged, in which the first coupling element 21 and the second coupling element 22 overlap in the axial direction.
As can be clearly seen from FIG. 4b, all of the locking wedges 24 can at least partially be displaced inward in the radial direction and can be brought into engagement with the radially inner coupling element 21 in such a way that an axial relative displacement along the first axis A between the first coupling element 21 and the second coupling element 22, in particular a telescopic rod-like sliding of the two coupling elements 21 and 22, is blocked.
For this purpose, the locking wedges 24 are inserted into recesses 27 of the second coupling element 22, as can be clearly seen from FIG. 4c, in the region of a groove 26 encircling the first coupling element 21.
The recesses 27, in which the locking wedges 24 are inserted, serve in addition to the axial fixing and guiding of the locking wedges 24, in addition to fixing the locking wedges 24 in the circumferential direction.
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- 28 All locking wedges 24 have a guide surface running in the circumferential direction, in each case on the radially outer side of the locking wedge facing the locking element 23B, designed as a ramp, and the locking device 23 has a plurality of guide elements, in this case balls, interacting with the individual guide surfaces of the locking wedges 24 25, which cooperate with the ramp surfaces of the locking wedges 24.
The balls 25, which are held by the locking element 23B, cooperate with the ramp surfaces of the locking wedges in such a way that rotating the locking element 23B in the circumferential direction from the release position into the blocking position causes the locking wedges 24 to shift radially inward , so that the locking wedges 24 can be brought into engagement with the radially inner coupling element 21, in particular with the groove 26, and an axial relative displacement along the first axis A between the two coupling elements 21 and 22 is blocked.
Correspondingly, the rotation of the locking element 23B from the blocking position into the release position has the effect that the locking wedges 24 are moved radially outward again and the axial relative displacement, in particular the pushing together of the coupling elements 21 and 23, becomes possible.
4a to 4c, the locking wedges 24 can preferably be displaced radially inward against a restoring force, in particular against a restoring spring, in order to be brought into engagement with the first coupling element 21, and accordingly can be moved radially outward again with the aid of the restoring force for a more reliable release of the relative displacement.
Alternatively or in addition to the balls 25, other guide elements can also be used, in particular wedge-shaped guide elements. However, the balls 25 used in this exemplary embodiment of a coupling device 20 according to the invention have the advantage that they have an advantageous effect on the friction and in particular have a friction-reducing effect.
In this case, the coupling device 20 according to the invention described with reference to FIGS. 4a to 4c, like the previously described coupling device 10, is also designed for pivotably connecting the coupling elements 21 and 22 to rocker arm parts 202A and 202B of a valve actuation device, the second coupling / 57
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29 element 22 is designed in particular for connection to the cam-side rocker arm part 202B and the first coupling element 21 for connection to the valve-side rocker arm part 202A, see FIG. 5.
FIG. 5 shows a detail of a second exemplary embodiment of a valve actuation device 200 according to the invention with the coupling device 20 from FIGS. 4a to 4c in a side view.
The valve actuation device 200 shown in FIG. 5 differs from the previously described valve actuation device 100 in that the cam-side rocker arm part 202B is not mechanically coupled to the cam 204 via a push rod, but rather directly. Otherwise, the functional principle is the same as in the valve actuation device 100 described above.
6a and 6b show a third exemplary embodiment of a coupling device 30 according to the invention, likewise in the blocked state, this coupling device also differing in the locking mechanism and the design of the coupling elements and 32 from the previously described exemplary embodiments on coupling device 10 and 20 according to the invention.
This locking device 33 has an expanding sleeve 34 arranged in the radial direction inside the locking element 33B, the locking device 33 being designed in such a way that by turning the locking element 33B in a first direction about the first axis A, in particular by turning the locking element 33 in Direction of the blocking position, the expansion sleeve 34 can be compressed in the radial direction and / or in the circumferential direction. For this purpose, the expansion sleeve 34 in this case has a plurality of narrow slots which are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and extend over a part of its length in the longitudinal direction.
By rotating the locking element 33 in a second direction about the first axis A, in particular by turning the locking element 33B in the direction of the release position, the expansion sleeve can be expanded in the radial direction and / or in the circumferential direction.
The first coupling element 31 and the expansion sleeve 34 can be displaced relative to one another in the axial direction, in particular can be pushed into one another in the manner of a telescopic rod, if the expansion sleeve is not compressed in the radial direction and / or in the circumferential direction.
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- 30 A relative displacement in the axial direction between the first coupling element 31 and the expansion sleeve 34 is blocked, however, when the expansion sleeve 34 is compressed in the radial direction and / or in the circumferential direction, in particular completely, in which case the free end of the expansion sleeve 34, in particular the end face of which abuts against the shaft shoulder 38 of the first coupling element and thus prevents axial sliding into one another. The expansion sleeve 34 is fixed on the second coupling element 32 in the axial direction and the first coupling element 31 can be at least partially pushed into the expansion sleeve 34 like a telescopic rod.
For good guidance of the first coupling element 31 within the expansion sleeve 34, in this case, in contrast to the exemplary embodiments described above, the first coupling element 31 is hollow-cylindrical at its free end or has a guide cylinder 39A at its free end. The second coupling element 32 has a corresponding piston-like guide pin 39B which is matched to the inside diameter of the guide cylinder 39A and which can be at least partially pushed into the guide cylinder 39A.
To ensure that the axial relative displacement between the first coupling element 31 and the expansion sleeve 34 is always blocked in the blocking position when the expansion sleeve 34 is compressed, the expansion sleeve 34 at least partially has an inner diameter in the compressed state, in particular in its that Free end facing the first coupling element 31, which is smaller than an outer diameter of the element 31 displaceable in the axial direction relative to the expansion sleeve 94, in particular smaller than an outer diameter of a shaft shoulder 38 of the first coupling element 31.
In order to effect the blocking or to release the blocking, the expansion sleeve 34 has a section 36 which tapers conically along the first axis in the direction of the coupling element 31, and the locking element 33B rotatable about the first axis has a corresponding to the conical section of the expanding sleeve 34 and with it tapered portion of the expanding sleeve 34 cooperating, hollow-conical portion 37.
In this coupling device 30, the expansion sleeve 34 is coupled to the locking element 33B by means of a thread, as a result of which a relative movement in the axial direction, i. H. in the direction of the first axis A, between the blocking element 33B and the expansion sleeve 34
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- 31, which has the consequence that the expansion sleeve is compressed and an axial relative displacement is blocked or the locking sleeve 34 is expanded and an axial relative displacement is released.
7a to 7c show a fourth exemplary embodiment of a coupling device 40 according to the invention or parts thereof in different views, wherein FIG. 7a shows a detail of a third exemplary embodiment of a valve actuation device 300 according to the invention in longitudinal section through a fourth exemplary embodiment of a coupling device 40 according to the invention in the area of the coupling device 40. 7b shows individual parts of the coupling device from FIG. 7a in an exploded view, and FIG. 7c shows a section of the valve actuation device from FIG. 7a in a side view.
The locking mechanism of this coupling device 40 works in principle like the locking mechanism of the coupling device 10 from FIGS. 1a, 1b and 2. The first coupling element 41 and the locking element 43B each have corresponding sections 46, 47, 48 with a corresponding toothing. Section 46 corresponds to section 16 from FIG. 1b and has a correspondingly designed external longitudinal toothing. Section 47 corresponds to section 17 from FIG. 1b and is designed without toothing. Section 48 corresponds to section 18 from FIG. 1b and has a correspondingly formed internal longitudinal toothing.
A difference to the coupling device from FIGS. 1a, 1b and 2 is, however, that the two coupling elements 41 and 42 are each fixed in this coupling device 40,
i.e. are rigidly attached to the associated rocker arm parts 302B and 302A and are not pivotable, as in the previously described embodiments.
In contrast to the coupling device 10, the locking element 43B is furthermore not fixed to the second coupling element 42 by means of a locking ring, but can only be axially braced against it by means of a spring element 49 when the locking element 43B is in the release position.
For this purpose, the blocking element 43B is cylindrical. For improved guidance through the second coupling element 42, the cylinder base of the blocking element 43B is curved inwards and the free end of the second coupling element 42 is designed to be correspondingly convex.
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In the blocking position, on the other hand, the blocking element 43B follows the movement of the coupling element 41 which is fixedly connected to the cam-side rocker arm part 302B and does not necessarily abut the second coupling element 42.
This embodiment of the coupling device 40 has the advantage that the adjustment of a valve actuation play is possible, namely by selecting a spring element with a different length, a different spring stiffness and / or by adjusting the arrangement of the second coupling element 42, in particular by changing the screw-in depth of the second Coupling element 42, which is screwed into the associated rocker arm part 302A by means of a thread.
Fig. 8 shows a fourth embodiment of a valve actuation device 400 according to the invention with a fifth embodiment of a coupling device 50 according to the invention in a schematic diagram, this valve actuation device 400, in contrast to the valve actuation devices 100, 200 and 300 described above, having a rigid rocker arm 402 and the coupling device 50 according to the invention between the Push rod 406 and the rocker arm 402 is arranged. One of the coupling elements of the coupling device 50 is mechanically coupled, in particular connected, to the push rod 406, and the other coupling element is connected to the valve lever 402. Accordingly, the coupling device 50 differs from the previously described coupling devices 10, 20, 30 or 40 in the design of its connection , With regard to its functioning, the coupling device 50 is designed according to one of the coupling devices 10, 20, 30 or 40 described above.
Fig. 9 shows a fifth embodiment 500 of a valve actuation device according to the invention with a sixth embodiment of a coupling device 60 according to the invention in a schematic diagram, this valve actuation device 500, in contrast to the valve actuation devices 100, 200, 300 and 400 described above, having a rigid rocker arm 402 and the coupling device 60 according to the invention is arranged between the rocker arm 502 and a valve 501 to be actuated. One of the coupling elements of the coupling device 60 is mechanically coupled, in particular connected, to the valve lever 502, and the other coupling element is connected to the valve 501. Accordingly, the coupling device 60 differs from the previously described coupling devices 10, 20, 30, 40 and / 57
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Fig. 10 shows a sixth embodiment of a valve actuation device 600 according to the invention with a seventh embodiment of a coupling device 70 according to the invention in a schematic diagram, this valve actuation device 600, in contrast to the valve actuation devices 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 described above, having a two-part push rod 606 and the invention Coupling device 70 is arranged between a first push rod part 606A and a second push rod part 606B. One of the coupling elements of the coupling device 50 is mechanically coupled, in particular connected, to the first push rod part 606A, and the other coupling element is connected to the second push rod part 606B. Accordingly, the coupling device 70 differs from the previously described coupling devices 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 in the design of their connection. With regard to its functioning, the coupling device 70 is designed in accordance with one of the coupling devices 10, 20, 30 or 40 described above.
11 shows a basic illustration of a seventh exemplary embodiment of a valve actuation device 700 according to the invention with an eighth embodiment of a coupling device 80 according to the invention, this valve actuation device 700, in contrast to the valve actuation devices 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 described above, a rigid rocker arm 702 and a having two valves 701 mechanically coupled valve bridge 707 and the coupling device 80 according to the invention is arranged between the rocker arm 702 and the valve bridge 707. One of the coupling elements of the coupling device 80 is mechanically coupled, in particular connected, to the rocker arm 702, and the other coupling element is connected to the valve bridge 707. Accordingly, the coupling device 80 differs from the previously described coupling devices 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 in the design of their connection. With regard to its functioning, the coupling device 80 is designed in accordance with one of the coupling devices 10, 20, 30 or 40 described above.
12 shows a section of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine according to the invention with two valve actuation devices according to the invention, each in accordance with FIGS
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34, FIGS. 1a, 1b and 2 designed coupling device 10, 10 'in plan view, the coupling device 10 being shown in the released state and the coupling device 10' in the blocked state.
In this illustration, the difference in connection with the position of the blocking element 13B, in the left half of the picture in the release position and in the right half of the picture in the blocking position, can be clearly seen.
FIG. 13 shows the detail from FIG. 12 in an oblique view from above with a link guide for actuating the locking devices 13 and 13 ″ of the coupling devices 10, 10 ″.
A rotation movement of the locking device 13, 13 ', in particular the locking element 13B, 13B', about the first axis, in particular from the release position (see left half of the figure) into the blocking position (see right half of the figure) and / or vice versa, preferably a first link guide element 13A, 13A 'is arranged on the blocking element 13, 13', which is designed to be configured with a second link guide element 84 which is designed to correspond to the first link guide element 13A, 13A 'and is in particular axially displaceable and is mounted on the housing To cooperate 85 of the scenery. In this exemplary embodiment, the locking element 13 or 13 'can be rotated in the circumferential direction around the first axis over an angular range of approximately 30 degrees.
In this case, the first link guide element is a link pin 13A, 13A ', which extends outward in the radial direction, in particular a pin which is arranged on the ring-shaped or sleeve-shaped section 13B, 13B' of the locking device 13, 13 ', in particular the locking element 13B, 13B'. pins 13A, 13A 'extending outward in the radial direction.
The second link guide element 84, 85 mounted on the housing is a claw 84, 85 which can be displaced axially by means of an actuating rod 81, 82 perpendicular to the first axis, in particular tangentially to the first axis and which is in particular axially displaceably slidably mounted on a guide rod 83 arranged fixed to the housing.
For a particularly simple actuation of the link guide, the second link guide element 84, 85 is preferably axially displaceable on the actuating rod / 57 by means of a sliding bearing between an end stop 86 and stop elements 87, 88
PP31684AT
AVL List GmbH
- 35 81, 82 arranged and each clamped by means of two spring elements 93, 94 and 95, 96 between two ring disks 91, 92 and 89, 90 and / or shoulders fixedly connected to the actuating rod 81, 82, the spring force and the length the spring elements 93, 94 and 95, 96 is selected such that a lateral displacement of the actuating rod 81, 82 as a result of a switching operation only leads to an axial displacement of the actuating rod 81, 82 and thus only to an actuation of the locking element 13B, 13B ', if the coupling device 10, 10 'along the first axis A is almost load-free or load-free, ie is almost or completely free of axial force in the direction of the first axis A.
The link guide is preferably designed such that the actuation of the locking element 13, 13 ′, i.e. the rotation of which is triggered after a switching operation when the respective valve actuating element that rolls on the cam rolls on the base circle of the cam that effects the valve actuation. If, however, the valve actuating element rolls outside of the base circle on the cam, as a result of which the coupling device 10, 10 'is subjected to an axial force, the second link guide element 84, 85 is still in its "old" position due to the friction acting within the coupling device 10, 10' held. Only upon transition to the base circle, when an almost load-free state occurs, does the second link guide element 84, 85 become free and can be shifted into the desired position by means of the prestressed spring elements 93, 94 or 95, 96 and thus a rotation of the locking element 13B , 13B 'effect.
The actuation rod of the link guide, in particular its axial displacement, can be operated hydraulically, electromagnetically, pneumatically and / or electromechanically, the latter for example by means of a linear drive, a toothed rack, a ball screw drive, a spindle or the like.
This enables the simultaneous, simultaneous switching of the valve actuation devices 100 and 100 'for all cylinders of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, i.e. the joint displacement of the individual actuating rods 81, 82 without the respective locking element 13B, 13B 'having to be actuated simultaneously and independently of the cycle in all the cylinders.
Rather, the respective blocking element 13A, 13A 'assigned to a cylinder is only actuated after a switching operation, in particular only triggered when the / 57
PP31684AT
AVL List GmbH
- 36 switching process applied and applied to the claw 84, 85 spring biasing force is greater than the result of the friction acting in the coupling device 10, 10 'due to the axial forces applied to the coupling device 10, 10'. With an appropriate design of the link guide, it can be achieved in this way that the blocking element 5 13B, 13B 'is actuated, in particular rotated, only in the almost load-free or load-free state. As a result, the wear of the valve actuation device, in particular the coupling device 10, 10 ', can be considerably reduced.
Furthermore, the switching process can be simplified. This is particularly advantageous in the case of reciprocating piston internal combustion engines with more than four, in particular with more than 8 cylinders. 10/57
PP31684AT
AVL List GmbH
- 37 list of reference symbols
10, 10 ', 20 30 coupling device according to the invention 40, 50, 60 70 80 11, 11 ', 21 31 41first coupling element 12, 12 ', 22 32 42second coupling element 13, 13 ', 23 33 43locking device 13A, 13A ', 23A , 33A, 43A Link guide element (pin) 13B, 13B ', 23B , 33B, 43B blocking element 14 circlip 15 Pressure piece 16, 16 ', 46 first section with external longitudinal teeth 17, 47 Internal longitudinal toothing of the locking element 18, 48 second toothless section 19 third section with external splines 24 locking wedge 25 rolling elements 26 groove 27 recess 34 expansion sleeve 35 thread 36 conical, tapered section of the expansion sleeve 37 hollow-conical section of the locking element 38 shaft shoulder 39A guide cylinder 39B guide pin 49 spring element 81 actuating rod 82 actuating rod 83 guide rod 84 Link guide element (claw) 85 Link guide element (claw) 86 end stop 87 stop element 88 stop element
/ 57
PP31684AT
AVL List GmbH
89 washer 90 washer 91 washer 92 washer 93 spring element 94 spring element 95 spring element 96 spring element 100, 100 ', 200, 300, valve actuation device according to the invention 400, 500, 600, 700101, 501, 701 Valve 102, 402, 502, 702 rocker arm 102A, 202A, 302A valve-side rocker arm part 102B, 202B, 302B cam-side rocker arm part 103 Rotation axis of the rocker arm part 104, 204 cam 105 Axis of rotation of the cam 106, 406, 606 pushrod 606A first pushrod part 606B second pushrod part 707 valve bridge A first axis
/ 57
PP31684AT
AVL List GmbH

权利要求:
Claims (28)
[1]
claims
1. Coupling device for a valve actuation device for actuating at least one valve of a reciprocating piston machine with variable valve lift, in particular for a valve actuation device of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, comprising:
- at least one first coupling element,
- A second coupling element and
- A locking device with a locking element, the first coupling element and the second coupling element and / or the first coupling element and the locking element being displaceable relative to one another along a first axis, the locking device making the relative displacement of the two coupling elements relative to one another and / or the relative displacement between the the first coupling element and the blocking element along the first axis can be blocked at least in a first direction, characterized in that the blocking element can be rotated in the circumferential direction at least over a defined angular range, the relative displacement of the two coupling elements along the first axis relative to one another and / or the relative displacement between the first coupling element and the blocking element along the first axis is blocked at least in the first direction when the blocking element is in a blocking position.
[2]
2. Coupling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the relative displacement of the two coupling elements to each other and / or the relative displacement between the first coupling element and the locking element along the first axis is released at least in the first direction when the locking element is in a release position is located, the locking element preferably being rotatable about the first axis at least between a release position and a blocking position.
[3]
3. Coupling device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the coupling device is designed to be arranged in a valve actuation device, in particular to be arranged in a rotatable cam
40/57
PP31684AT
AVL List GmbH actuatable valve actuation device, wherein the valve actuation device is designed for actuating at least one valve of a reciprocating piston machine with a variable valve lift and has at least a first valve actuation element and in particular a second valve actuation element, the coupling device being designed in such a way that the first coupling element with the first valve actuation element is mechanically connectable, in particular connectable, and the second coupling element with the second valve actuation element or a valve to be actuated.
[4]
4. Coupling device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the locking element has an annular or sleeve-shaped section, preferably the annular or sleeve-shaped section of the locking element at least partially overlaps the first coupling element and / or the second coupling element in the axial direction.
[5]
5. Coupling device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the coupling device has a game setting device for setting a kinematic game in the coupling device, in particular for setting a kinematic game in the axial direction along the first axis.
[6]
6. Coupling device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first coupling element and the second coupling element along the first axis are at least partially telescopically pushed into one another when the locking element is in the release position.
[7]
7. Coupling device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one of the two coupling elements and the locking device, in particular the first coupling element and the locking device, along the first axis are at least partially telescopically slidable into one another when the locking element in the release -Position is, wherein preferably the first coupling element along the first axis is at least partially pushed into the locking element.
[8]
8. Coupling device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that one of the coupling elements, in particular the first coupling element,
41/57
PP31684AT
AVL List GmbH has a first section with external longitudinal teeth and a second section, in particular adjacent to the first section, designed without teeth.
[9]
9. Coupling device according to claim 8, characterized in that the locking element has an axially extending section with an inner longitudinal toothing corresponding to the outer longitudinal toothing of the first section of the coupling element, the inner longitudinal toothing in particular on an inner side of the annular and / or sleeve-shaped portion of the locking element is arranged.
[10]
10. Coupling device according to claim 9, characterized in that the locking element is in the blocking position when the coupling element with the outer longitudinal toothing is axially displaced relative to the locking element in such a way that the inner longitudinal toothing is not with the outer longitudinal toothing of the coupling element is in engagement, but the inner longitudinal toothing of the locking element is at the level of the second section formed without toothing, and if the locking element is rotated in the circumferential direction in such a way that at least one tooth, in particular all teeth, of the outer longitudinal toothing of the first Section of the coupling element with at least one tooth, in particular with all teeth, the inner longitudinal toothing of the locking element is at least partially aligned in the axial direction.
[11]
11. Coupling device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the locking element is in the release position when the locking element is rotated in the circumferential direction such that all teeth of the external longitudinal toothing of the first section of the coupling element to all teeth of the inner Longitudinal toothing of the locking element are arranged offset such that the teeth of the outer longitudinal toothing of the first coupling element are in engagement with the teeth of the inner longitudinal toothing at least over part of their axial length or are in engagement with one another by an axial relative displacement between the coupling element and the locking element can be brought.
42/57
PP31684AT
AVL List GmbH
[12]
12. Coupling device according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the locking element is rotatable about the first axis when the coupling element with the outer longitudinal toothing is axially displaced relative to the locking element in such a way that the inner longitudinal toothing is not is in engagement with the external longitudinal toothing of the first coupling element, but is located at the level of the second section formed without toothing.
[13]
13. Coupling device according to claim 6, characterized in that the locking device has at least one locking wedge arranged in the radial direction between the inner coupling element and the locking device, in particular between the inner coupling element and the locking element, wherein at least one locking wedge is arranged in the axial direction in an overlap area in which the first coupling element and the second coupling element overlap in the axial direction.
[14]
14. Coupling device according to claim 13, characterized in that at least one of the locking wedges, preferably all locking wedges, is displaceable inwards in the radial direction and can be brought into engagement with the radially inner coupling element such that an axial relative displacement along the first axis between the first coupling element and the second coupling element, in particular a telescopic rod-like sliding of the two coupling elements, is blocked.
[15]
15. Coupling device according to claim 14, characterized in that at least one of the locking wedges, preferably all locking wedges, has a circumferential guiding surface designed as a ramp and the locking device, in particular the locking element, preferably has at least one guiding element which interacts with the guiding surface interacts with the guide surface that, in particular, rotating the locking element in the circumferential direction from the release position into the blocking position causes the locking wedge to shift radially inward, so that the locking wedge is brought into engagement with the radially inner coupling element and an axial relative displacement along the first axis between the first coupling element and the second coupling element is blocked.
43/57
PP31684AT
AVL List GmbH
[16]
16. Coupling device according to claim 6, characterized in that the locking device has an expansion sleeve arranged in the radial direction within the locking element, wherein the locking device is in particular designed such that by rotating the locking element in a first direction about the first axis, in particular by rotating the Locking element in the direction of the blocking position, the expansion sleeve can be compressed in the radial direction and / or in the circumferential direction.
[17]
17. The coupling device according to claim 16, characterized in that the expansion sleeve can be expanded in the radial direction and / or in the circumferential direction by rotating the locking element in a second direction about the first axis, in particular by rotating the locking element in the direction of the release position.
[18]
18. Coupling device according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that at least one coupling element and the expansion sleeve are axially displaceable relative to one another along the first axis if the expansion sleeve is not compressed in the radial direction and / or in the circumferential direction, and preferably a relative displacement between the other coupling element and the expansion sleeve is blocked in the axial direction along the first axis when the expansion sleeve is at least partially or completely compressed in the radial direction and / or in the circumferential direction.
[19]
19. Coupling device according to one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the expansion sleeve, when the locking element is in the blocking position, at least partially has an inner diameter which is smaller than an outer diameter of the axially displaceable relative to the expansion sleeve Coupling element, in particular smaller than an outer diameter of a shaft shoulder of the coupling element displaceable relative to the expansion sleeve.
[20]
20. Coupling device according to one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that the expansion sleeve has a conically tapering section and the locking element rotatable about the first axis preferably a corres
44/57
PP31684AT
AVL List GmbH ponding to the conical section of the expanding sleeve and with the tapering section of the expanding sleeve cooperating with the hollow conical section, the expanding sleeve being coupled to the locking element in particular by means of a thread.
[21]
21. Valve actuation device, in particular with the aid of a rotatable cam actuable valve actuation device, wherein the valve actuation device is designed to actuate at least one valve of a reciprocating piston machine with a variable valve lift and has a coupling device, characterized in that the coupling device is designed according to one of claims 1 to 20.
[22]
22. The valve actuation device according to claim 21, characterized in that the valve actuation device has at least one rocker arm with at least a first rocker arm part as the first valve actuation element and a second rocker arm part as the second valve actuation element, the first rocker arm part and the second rocker arm part both being rotatably mounted about a common axis of rotation, wherein a coupling element is mechanically coupled in particular to the first rocker arm part, and the other coupling element is connected to the second rocker arm part.
[23]
23. The valve actuation device according to claim 21, characterized in that the valve actuation device has at least one rocker arm, in particular a rigid rocker arm, as the first valve actuation element and a push rod as the second valve actuation element, wherein a coupling element is mechanically coupled, in particular connected, to the push rod and the other coupling element with the rocker arm, in particular the cam-side coupling element is connected to the push rod and the valve-side coupling element to the rocker arm.
[24]
24. The valve actuation device according to claim 21, characterized in that the valve actuation device has at least one rocker arm, in particular a rigid rocker arm, as the first valve actuation element, a coupling element being mechanically coupled, in particular connected, to the rocker arm.
45/57
PP31684AT
AVL List GmbH is and the other coupling element with a valve to be actuated, the cam-side coupling element in particular being connected to the rocker arm and the valve-side coupling element with the valve to be actuated.
[25]
25. Valve actuation device according to claim 21, characterized in that the valve actuation device has at least one split push rod with a first push rod part as the first valve actuation element and a second push rod part as the second valve actuation element, wherein a coupling element is mechanically coupled, in particular connected, to the first push rod part and the other Coupling element with the second pushrod part.
[26]
26. The valve actuation device according to claim 21, characterized in that the valve actuation device has at least one rocker arm, in particular a rigid rocker arm, as the first valve actuation element and a valve bridge as the second valve actuation element, wherein a coupling element is mechanically coupled, in particular connected, to the rocker arm and the other coupling element with the valve bridge.
[27]
27. Valve actuation device according to one of claims 21 to 26, characterized in that the valve actuation device has a link guide for actuating the locking device of the coupling device, wherein by means of the link guide a rotary movement of the locking device, in particular the locking element, can be effected about the first axis, in particular of the Release position in the blocking position and / or vice versa, wherein a first link guide element is preferably arranged on the locking element, which is designed to cooperate with a second link guide element of the link guide designed corresponding to the first link guide element.
[28]
28 reciprocating piston machine, in particular reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, with a valve actuation device, characterized in that the valve actuation device is designed according to one of claims 21 to 27.
46/57
PP31684AT
AVL List GmbH
1.10

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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WO2019025511A1|2019-02-07|

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CN111448369A|2020-07-24|

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EP3662146A1|2020-06-10|

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法律状态:

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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ATA50643/2017A|AT520278B1|2017-08-01|2017-08-01|Coupling device for a valve operating device|ATA50643/2017A| AT520278B1|2017-08-01|2017-08-01|Coupling device for a valve operating device|

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PCT/EP2018/070916| WO2019025511A1|2017-08-01|2018-08-01|Coupling device for a valve-actuating device|

---

US16/635,830| US20200300131A1|2017-08-01|2018-08-01|Coupling device for a valve-actuating device|

---

EP18748919.0A| EP3662146A1|2017-08-01|2018-08-01|Coupling device for a valve-actuating device|

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CN201880062224.1A| CN111448369A|2017-08-01|2018-08-01|Coupling device for a valve actuating device|