• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Pressure indicator (1) for a pressure line (2) of a geothermal system, in particular for a geothermal pipe, with a display element (3) for optically displaying the pressure in the pressure line (2) and at least one connecting element (5) for pressure-tight connection to the pressure line ( 2), wherein the display element (3) is displaceably mounted, and the display element (3) can be pressurized and against the spring pressure of a spring (4) of the pressure indicator (1) is displaceable, wherein the pressure indicator (1) is a use breakaway element ( 11) for detecting the first use of the pressure indicator (1) and / or an overpressure breakaway element (12) for detecting the exceeding of a maximum allowable overpressure.
    公开号:AT519580A4
    申请号:T267/2017
    申请日:2017-06-26
    公开日:2018-08-15
    发明作者:Alge Dietmar
    申请人:Jansen Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to a pressure gauge for a pressure line of a geothermal plant, in particular a geothermal tube, with a display element for optically displaying the pressure in the pressure line and at least one connecting element for pressure-tight connection to the pressure line.
    Geothermal plants are used, for example, for heating or cooling buildings. During operation, the pressure line of a geothermal system is flowed through by a fluid, in particular a liquid heat transfer medium. In the application of the geothermal plant for heating a building, the thermal energy or heat of the subsoil is taken up by the fluid through the walls of the pressure line and transferred to the consumer, e.g. a heat pump of a heating circuit, transported. When using the geothermal system for cooling buildings, heat is released from the fluid through the walls of the pressure line to the ground.
    The pressure line of the geothermal system can be arranged in different ways in the underground. In a geothermal system with a so-called geothermal probe, the installation of the pressure line usually takes place in a substantially vertical borehole of the subsurface. After introducing the pressure line into the borehole, a pressure test is usually carried out in order to prove that the pressure line is pressure-tight and that there is no leakage of fluid in the pressure line out of the pressure line. This pressure test is expediently carried out before filling the borehole in order to be able to remedy any leaks with little effort.
    An example of a method for pressure testing of a pressure line is described in DIN EN 805: 2000. In this case, the pressure line is filled with fluid, usually already with the heat transfer medium required for the operation of the geothermal plant, and a pressure indicator, e.g. an analog manometer, connected to the pressure line. Furthermore, the pressure line is subjected to a test pressure. By observing the manometer over a standardized test period, it can be determined whether an inadmissible pressure loss occurs starting from the applied test pressure. Since pressure lines, in particular pressure lines made of plastic, upon application of the fluid with a pressure, a relaxation, i. a predominantly permanent deformation, may be subjected, they are often applied before the actual pressure test with a defined pressure, which is above the final applied test pressure. Thereby, the effect of a pressure drop due to the relaxation of the pressure tube, which would superimpose the pressure measurement, be reduced in the verification of the tightness of the pressure tube.
    As a pressure gauge and electronic pressure gauges are used to perform the pressure test, which, for example. the recording and output of a print line, i. a pressure-time graph, to enable a test period.
    The pressure test always represents the state of the system during the test period. After the pressure test, the pressure indicator is removed from the pressure line in the prior art and the pressure line, for example with a stopper, closed.
    When filling the borehole or other construction activities, as well as the general when subsidence occurs in the subsurface, damage to the pressure line may occur. Damage to the pressure line can be caused, for example, by improper backfilling of the well with unsuitable backfill material or the impact of construction equipment. If damage to the pressure line goes unnoticed until the geothermal system is put into operation, a complex search for damage is usually necessary. Late recognized damage to the
    Pressure pipe can entail costly time delays and costly remedial measures. Often, the installation of the pressure line into the ground by a drilling company, while the later commissioning of the geothermal system is carried out for example by an installation company. For reasons of liability, it is crucial at which point in time any damage to the pressure line has occurred.
    In particular, electronic testers, but also analogue pressure gauges, are relatively sensitive and expensive and are usually not available for a long period of time to evaluate the tightness of a pressure line geothermal system available. Due to operating errors, especially on electronic test equipment, it can also occur that the pressure test must be repeated. The interpretation of the recorded print line also requires appropriate expertise of the operator.
    The object of the invention is to simplify the monitoring of the tightness of pressure lines for geothermal plants.
    According to the invention, this is achieved by a pressure indicator having the features of patent claim 1.
    When pressure gauge according to the invention it is provided that the display element is slidably mounted, wherein the display element can be acted upon with pressure and against the spring pressure of a spring of the pressure gauge is displaceable.
    The pressure indicator according to the invention is constructed simply and robust due to the displaceable mounting of the display element. Conveniently, the pressure gauge remains until commissioning of the geothermal system on the pressure line. Thereby, for example, after the introduction of the pressure line into the ground by a drilling company, a proper transfer of the product to a subsequent craft enterprise, e.g. an installer, because the state of the pressure line can be controlled at any time by a simple optical check of the pressure gauge.
    The pressure line is conveniently a geothermal plant geothermal pipe that can be filled with a fluid. The geothermal tube could also be commonly referred to as a heat exchanger tube, with the heat exchanger tube for transferring heat from the subsurface or into the subsurface. The geothermal system could include a geothermal probe in which the geothermal tube is installed in a, at least substantially vertically aligned, hole in the ground. Such a geothermal tube could also be referred to as geothermal probe tube. On the other hand, the geothermal plant could also have a surface collector, wherein the geothermal ear forms the surface collector. To form a surface collector, the geothermal pipe is usually meandering, for example, similar to a floor heating, laid underground. Here, the installation of the surface collector, for example, at a distance of 1 to 3 meters below the surface of the substrate. At least the majority of the area collector could lie in a substantially horizontal plane. Furthermore, the geothermal ear could also be used as a pressure line of a spiral collector or a geothermal basket or an energy pile.
    The spring of the pressure gauge may be a coil spring. Other embodiments of springs are conceivable, e.g. the spring may be a diaphragm spring or a coil spring. It can be provided that the spring of the pressure indicator cooperates directly with the display element.
    In a preferred embodiment, the pressure indicator has a scale with at least two display regions delimited from one another. Due to the delineation of the display areas, an evaluation of the pressure prevailing in the pressure line can be carried out in a simple manner. A respective display area represents a pressure range assigned to this display area, which is limited in each case by a minimum value of the pressure and a maximum value of the pressure. The display areas do not have to be further broken down. You can e.g. be homogeneously characterized by colors, patterns and / or the like, but distinguishable from each other.
    Thus, at least two adjacent display areas, preferably each of the display areas, advantageously have a different color and / or brightness and / or surface structure. When using optically differently formed display areas, a simple detection and evaluation of the pressure displayed by the pressure gauge is possible.
    Particularly preferably, the scale has a first display area for displaying a pressure range which is below a minimum pressure, and a second display range for displaying a pressure range which lies between the minimum pressure and a maximum permissible test pressure, and a third display range for indicating a pressure range which is greater than the maximum permissible pressure Test pressure is on. There could also be other display areas, e.g. a fourth display area for indicating an impermissible overpressure. The minimum pressure could for example be in a range of 3 bar to 6 bar, preferably 3.5 bar to 4.5 bar. The maximum permissible test pressure could be, for example, in a range from 10 bar to 22 bar, preferably 14 to 18 bar. For example, the minimum pressure could be 4 bar and the maximum permissible test pressure 16 bar. The second display area then covers a pressure range of at least 4 bar and at most 16 bar.
    In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the scale is arranged on the display element. The scale can then be moved with the displaceably mounted display element. The scale could for example be arranged on a pin-shaped extension of the display element. In another embodiment, it could be provided that the scale is fixedly arranged on the pressure indicator and the display element is displaceable relative to the scale.
    The display element could be acted upon directly by pressure. For example, it can be provided that the display element has a piston or is a piston, wherein the piston can be acted upon by the pressure. The display element may be displaceably mounted in a housing, preferably in a cylinder, of the pressure indicator. With a directly pressurizable display element, a simple construction of the pressure gauge can be realized.
    On the other hand, it is also conceivable that the pressure in the pressure line acts indirectly on the display element, e.g. on a piston of the pressure gauge, which is mechanically coupled via a lever with the display element.
    In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the pressure indicator has a use breakaway element for detecting the first use of the pressure indicator. At the first loading of the display element with a pressure in the pressure line, which is higher than the pressure exerted by the spring counter-pressure, there is a displacement of the display element. The use breakaway element is disconnected or irreversibly destroyed during a displacement of the display element. For example, the usage breakaway element could be breakable by the display element, preferably by a stamp of the display element. It is also conceivable that the use breakaway element is formed as a membrane, which at the first use of the pressure gauge, i. is first pierced by the pressure in the pressure line, pierced by the display element. By checking the integrity of the use breakaway element prior to initial use, it can be determined that the pressure gauge has not yet been used. In other words, the absence or destruction of the user breakaway element indicates an already applied actuation of the pressure indicator.
    In a preferred embodiment according to the invention it is provided that the pressure indicator has an overpressure breakaway element for detecting the exceeding of a maximum allowable overpressure. At a
    Actuation of the display element with a pressure which is higher than the maximum permissible overpressure, the overpressure breakaway element is irreversibly destroyed or separated. The absence or destruction of the overpressure breakaway element indicates a, at least temporarily, unacceptably high pressure load on the pressure line. The overpressure breakaway element can be break off from the display element.
    It can be provided that the use breakaway element and / or the overpressure breakaway element is or are connected to a housing of the pressure indicator, preferably in one piece of material. The use breakaway element and / or the overpressure breakaway element could for example also be connected by means of adhesive to the housing of the pressure indicator.
    Particularly preferably, the use breakaway element and / or the overpressure breakaway element can not be removed non-destructively, in other words only by a permanently detectable destruction, from the housing of the pressure indicator. It when the use breakaway element and / or the overpressure breakaway element with the housing, preferably materialeinstückig, is connected via at least one predetermined breaking point or are particularly advantageous.
    The invention also relates to an arrangement with a pressure line of a geothermal plant, in particular a geothermal pipe, and a pressure gauge according to the invention for detecting the pressure in the pressure line.
    The pressure indicator is connected via the connecting element pressure-tight with the pressure line. Such an arrangement could already be delivered to the construction site in the preassembled state.
    Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for pressure testing a pressure line of a geothermal plant, in particular a borehole heat exchanger tube. The pressure indicator according to the invention is or is connected to the pressure line, wherein the pressure line is acted upon by a pressure which corresponds to a predefined test pressure. The pressure gauge is connected to the pressurized pressure line for at least 1.5 hours, preferably at least 12 hours. More preferably, the pressure indicator is for at least 24 hours, e.g. more than 72 hours, connected to the pressurized pressure line. With the pressure indicator according to the invention can thus be traced in a simple manner, the pressure curve over a long period. Particularly preferably, the pressure indicator is connected from the first use of the pressure gauge until the start of commissioning of the geothermal system with the pressure line.
    The pressure test could include the step of first purging the pressure line with pure water free of air. Alternatively, the fluid could also already be used for the later operation of the geothermal system, in particular the heat transfer fluid, for purging the pressure line. In a further step, the pressure indicator could be connected to the pressure line via the connecting element. The pressure in the pressure line could subsequently be set to a test pressure, which corresponds, for example, to the maximum permissible test pressure, for example to 16 bar. The setting could be done, for example, with a pressure pump. Thereafter, the pressure line is sealed pressure-tight. Now the current pressure can be read at any time from the pressure gauge. In particular, it is possible to check whether an inadmissible pressure drop has occurred before the start-up phase of the geothermal plant. If the pressure gauge has an overpressure breakaway element on delivery, it can be determined by looking at the pressure gauge whether the pressure line has been overloaded in the previous test period.
    Further advantages and details of the invention are explained below with reference to the embodiment of a pressure gauge shown in the figures and an arrangement with a pressure line of a geothermal plant and a pressure gauge according to the invention. In these figures show:
    Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a pressure gauge according to the invention before the first use;
    FIG. 2 is a top view of the pressure indicator of FIG. 1; FIG.
    FIG. 3 shows the pressure indicator according to FIG. 1 in a state during a pressure test; FIG.
    Fig. 4 is a top view of the pressure indicator of FIG. 3;
    5 shows the pressure indicator of Figure 1 in a state in which a defined minimum pressure is reached.
    FIG. 6 shows the pressure indicator according to FIG. 1 which indicates a pressure which is above a maximum permissible overpressure; FIG.
    FIG. 7 is a top view of the pressure indicator of FIG. 6; FIG.
    8 is a sectional view of a filling with a check valve.
    Fig. 9 is a sectional view of an adapter for mounting the pressure gauge on a pressure line;
    10 is a schematic representation of two arrangements, each having a pressure line and a pressure gauge for detecting the pressure in the respective pressure line, and
    Fig. 11 Examples of different pressure gradients during a pressure test.
    The pressure indicator 1 shown in Figures 1 to 7, in the embodiment, a housing 13 with a cavity forming a cylinder 17, see. Fig. 1. The housing 13 is made in the embodiment of plastic. Other materials are also possible in principle, e.g. Metal.
    The housing 13 has in the exemplary embodiment, a connecting element 5, which is formed here by way of example as an internal thread. The connecting element 5 serves for the pressure-tight connection of the pressure indicator 1 with a pressure line 2 of a geothermal system. Other embodiments of connecting elements 5 are conceivable and possible in principle. For example, the connecting element 5 could be an external thread. Instead of a formed as an internal or external thread connecting element 5, the connecting element could also be designed as a flange which can be fastened with at least one screw on a counter flange of the pressure line 2 to the pressure line 2. Conveniently, the connecting element 5, for the removal of
    Pressure gauge 1 of the pressure line 2, non-destructive solvable.
    Furthermore, the pressure indicator 1 comprises a display element 3 for visual display of the pressure in the pressure line 2. The display element 3 can be acted upon by the pressure prevailing in the pressure line 2. In the exemplary embodiment, the display element 3 for this purpose a piston 16 which is slidably mounted in the cylinder 17 of the housing 13. The piston 16 is at least during the pressure test with a fluid which is filled in the pressure line 2, directly in contact. The piston 16 of the display element 3 could - unlike the embodiment shown - wear a seal.
    Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment, the display element 3 has a piston rod 15 which is connected to the piston 16 and which is sealed off from the housing 13 by means of a seal 14. The seal 14 is formed in the embodiment as a lip seal. In other embodiments, the seal 14 may be, for example, an O-ring. The piston rod 15 is displaceable with the piston 16 relative to the housing 3, conveniently in opposite directions parallel to a longitudinal center axis of the display element 3.
    The pressure indicator 1 further comprises a spring 4 designed as a helical spring. Other embodiments of springs 4 are conceivable, as has already been explained at the beginning. The spring 4 is arranged between the housing 3 and the piston 16. The display element 3 is displaceable against the spring pressure of the spring 4 of the pressure indicator 1, cf. Figs. 3, 5 and 6. with increasing pressure of the fluid in the pressure line 2, which acts on the piston 16 on the piston rod 15 side facing away from the piston 16, the spring 4 is compressed.
    In particular, if a seal on the piston 16 is dispensed with, as is also shown in the exemplary embodiment, the cylinder 17 can be completely filled with fluid during the operation of the pressure indicator 1, apart from the volume of the piston 16 and the piston rod 15. That the fluid could flow around the piston 16. Due to the different attack surfaces of the piston 16 for the
    Fluid on the piston rod 15 side facing away from the piston 16 and on the side of the piston rod 15, a differential force acts on the piston 16, which counteracts the spring pressure of the spring 4. Upon reaching equilibrium due to the spring force given by the spring characteristic, i. the spring pressure, and acting on the piston 16 differential force, the piston 16 of the display element 3 assumes a pressure acting on it the fluid characteristic equilibrium position. By selecting a spring 4 with a predetermined spring characteristic, it is possible to configure the displacement of the display element 3 in response to the pressure acting on the piston 16 of the display element 3 pressure of the fluid.
    On the piston rod 15, a pin-shaped extension is formed in the exemplary embodiment, which is referred to below as pin 24. The pin 24 is with the piston 16 relative to the housing 3 mitverschiebbar.
    The piston 16 and the piston rod 15 and the pin 24 are materialeinstückig connected to each other in the embodiment. For example, the piston 16 and the piston rod 15 and the pin 24 could be made of plastic or metal. The pin 24 could also be referred to as a pin.
    In the exemplary embodiment, the pressure indicator 1, a stop 25 which limits the displacement of the piston 16 in the axial direction in an unpressurized state of the pressure gauge 1. The stop 25 has in the exemplary embodiment of an external thread, which engages in the running as an internal thread connecting element 5. The stop 25 could also be referred to as a disc. The stop 25 has at least one passage opening 26, which allows the passage of the fluid from the pressure line 2 to the piston 16, cf. Fig. 1.
    Preferably, the display element 3, starting from a non-pressurized state, with increasing displacement of the display element 3, i. at an increasing acting on the display element 3 pressure, always further out of the
    Housing 13 of the pressure gauge 1 out. This allows the user to close in a simple and fast way to the height of the pressure prevailing in the pressure line 2 pressure. In the illustrated embodiment, the pin 24 with increasing displacement of the display element 3 at an increasing, acting on the piston 16 of the display element 3, pressure of the fluid, under compression of the spring 4, always further from the housing 13, cf. 3 and 6.
    The pressure gauge 1 has a scale 6 in the exemplary embodiment. The scale 6 is arranged on the pin 24 in the exemplary embodiment. The scale 6 could e.g. be printed on the pin 24. In another embodiment, the scale 6 could also be glued on the pin 24 or worked out directly from the material of the pin 24. The scale 6 facilitates the evaluation of the pressure of the fluid in the pressure line 2 indicated by the pressure indicator 1.
    In the exemplary embodiment, the scale 6 has four display regions which are delimited from one another, namely a first display region 7 and a second display region 8 and a third display region 9 and a fourth display region 10. This allows a simple evaluation of the pressure of the fluid by the user. Also, more or less than four separate display areas are possible.
    For optical differentiation of two adjacent display areas 7 to 10, it is provided in the exemplary embodiment that each of the display areas 7 to 10 has a different color. In alternative embodiments, it could also be provided that the display areas 7 to 10 have a different brightness and / or surface structure and / or pattern and / or the like.
    The first display area 7 of the scale 6 is used to display a pressure which is below a minimum pressure. The minimum pressure could be, for example, 4 bar. Other values for the minimum pressure are, as mentioned above, possible. In the exemplary embodiment, the second display area 8 of the scale 6 adjoins the first display area 7. The second display area 8 shows a
    Pressure range, which lies between the minimum pressure and a maximum allowable test pressure. Adjacent to the second printing area 8, the scale has the third display area 9. The third display area 9 indicates a pressure range which is between the maximum allowable test pressure and a maximum allowable pressure. The fourth display area 10, which is arranged adjacent to the third display area 9, serves to display a pressure range which is above the maximum permissible overpressure.
    As already explained, occurs the pin 24, and thus the scale 6, depending on the height of the force acting on the display element 3 fluid pressure to different degrees from the housing 13. Starting from the unpressurized state, the first display area 7 is first displayed at an increasing pressure in the pressure line 2, and the second display area 8 is additionally displayed when the pressure is further increased. In this state, in which only the first display area 7 and the second display area are displayed, the third display area 9 and the fourth display area 10 are hidden in the housing 13, cf. Fig. 3. Only in a further increase in pressure, the third display area 9 and in a further increase in the pressure in the pressure line 2, the fourth display area 10 is also visible, see. Fig. 6.
    In the exemplary embodiment, the pressure indicator 1, as is also preferred, a use breakaway element 11 for detecting the first use of the pressure gauge 1 on. The use breakaway element 11 is in the embodiment of several, each formed as a web 22,
    Predetermined breaking points with the housing 13 materialeinstückig connected, see. Referring to a circumferential direction, starting from the longitudinal center axis of the display element 3, a recess 20 is provided between the respective webs 22. However, this is just one of many possible embodiments of breakaway elements. In another embodiment, it could be provided that the use breakaway element 11 is formed as a membrane, which is pierced by the display element 3 during the first use. The user may be informed of the presence or integrity of the
    Breakaway element 11 before commissioning of the pressure gauge 1 notice that the pressure gauge 1 is brand new.
    In the exemplary embodiment, the pin 24 on a punch 18, which acts on a displacement of the pin 24 out of the housing 13, the use breakaway element 11. In this case, the punch 18 breaks off the use breakaway element 11 irreversibly. The use breakaway element 11 is therefore present or intact only in the unused state of the pressure indicator 1. In the states shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the use breakaway element 11 is no longer connected to the housing 13. One can thus still recognize the fact that the pressure gauge 1 has been used once also later in the pressureless state.
    In the exemplary embodiment, it is further provided that the pressure indicator 1 has an overpressure breakaway element 12 for detecting the exceeding of the maximum permissible overpressure. Upon application of the display element 3, i. In the exemplary embodiment of the piston 16, with a pressure which is higher than the maximum permissible overpressure, the overpressure breakaway element 12 breaks off. For this purpose, the pin 24 has a second punch 19, which could also be referred to as a step, which acts on the overpressure breakaway element 12 when the maximum permissible overpressure is exceeded. In other words, the overpressure breakaway element 12 is sheared off or separated from the punch 19 when the maximum permissible overpressure is exceeded, cf. Fig. 6. If the overpressure breakaway element 12 is no longer present on the pressure indicator 1 or separated from the housing 13, then there is or was an unacceptable overload of the pressure line 2 before. A missing or damaged overpressure breakaway element 12 also signals to the user, if the pressure in the pressure line 2 in the meantime indicates a reduced value or no pressure at all, that an exceeding of the maximum permissible overpressure in the pressure line 2 took place at least once.
    Also, the overpressure breakaway element 12 is in the embodiment materialeinstückig connected via at least one predetermined breaking point with the housing 13. In the exemplary embodiment, the predetermined breaking points are formed as webs 23 which hold the overpressure breakaway element 12. Between each two webs 23 recesses 21 are arranged, see. 2 and FIG. 4.
    The recesses 20, 21 shown in the embodiment could also be referred to as a perforation.
    FIG. 10 shows by way of example an arrangement with two pressure lines 2 of a geothermal system. A respective pressure line 2 is designed as a so-called Erdwärmerohr. The pressure line 2 could also be referred to as borehole heat exchanger tube.
    At the ends of a respective pressure line 2, an adapter 30 is arranged in the arrangement of FIG. 10. This is shown in Fig. 9 in detail. The adapter 30 has a mating connecting element 38 for connection to the connecting element 5 of the pressure indicator 1. The adapter 30 is adapted to the inner diameter of a respective pressure line 2 and allows by selective selection of the adapter 30 to use a single embodiment of the pressure gauge 1 in pressure lines 2 with different inner diameters. In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the adapter 30 has grid elevations 32, which can extend over the entire circumference of the adapter 30, for example. Further, the adapter 30 has seals 31, 33, which are designed as O-rings and a pressure-tight connection between the pressure indicator 1 and the adapter 30 and the pressure line 2 and the adapter 30th enable. For connection to the pressure line 2, the adapter 30 is pressed into the pressure line 2. The adapter 30 further comprises an inner channel 39.
    At this point it is noted that an adapter 30 could also be dispensed with and instead the pressure indicator 1 could be connected directly to the pressure line 2. The adapter could also be formed directly on the pressure indicator in another embodiment. In particular, it would be possible for the adapter to be materially connected to the housing 13. The grid elevations 32 are then the connecting element for pressure-tight connection of the pressure gauge 1 with the pressure line second
    To one of the two connected to the pressure line 2 adapter 30, the pressure indicator 1 is connected in the arrangement of FIG. 10. At the opposite end of the pressure indicator 1 pressure line 2 a filling nozzle 33 is arranged in the embodiment. The construction of the filling nozzle 33 can be seen in FIG. 8. The filling nozzle 33 has, in the sectional drawing of FIG. 8 only schematically illustrated, check valve 34. The filling nozzle 33 also has a feed channel 36, in which the fluid can be filled by lifting the check valve 34 from an unspecified valve seat into the pressure line 2. The filling nozzle 33 has a thread 35 for connection to the mating connecting element 38 of the adapter 30, cf. Also Fig. 10. On the side facing away from the thread 35 of the filling nozzle 33, a plug connection 37 is arranged for connection to a pump. The connection of the pump with the filling nozzle 33 can be separated after filling the pressure line 2 and the setting of the test pressure, since the check valve 34 prevents the outflow of fluid from the pressure line 2 out.
    In the following, a possible method for detecting the tightness of the pressure line 2 will be explained. In a first step, the adapters 30, if they are not already preassembled on the pressure line 2, are connected to the pressure line 2. The pressure gauge 1, if it is already pre-assembled, removed from the adapter 30. In addition, the filling nozzle 33 is pressure-tightly connected to the adapter 30. The pressure line 2 is then rinsed with water, free of air. After flushing the pressure line 2, which could be filled instead of water with the later intended for operation fluid, the pressure gauge 1 via the connecting element 5 is pressure-tightly connected to the adapter 30. The pressure in the pressure line 2 is further to a
    Test pressure, which corresponds for example to the maximum allowable test pressure set. The adjustment could e.g. with a pressure gauge on the pump. By reading the display element 3 on the pressure indicator 1, it can be checked that the first display area 7 and the second display area 8 of the scale 6 are visible from the outside or protrude from the housing 13 of the pressure indicator.
    In the course of the pressure test, there is usually a pressure drop in the pressure line 2. For example, made of plastic pressure line 2 are subjected to a relaxation, i. in that pressure lines 2 made of plastic are subjected to a predominantly plastic deformation in the case of, in particular, a first-time application of pressure. Therefore, as the deformation of the pressure line 2 progresses, there is a pressure drop of the fluid in the inner channel of the pressure line 2. The second display region 8 is therefore desirably chosen so wide that the influence of the relaxation of the pressure line 2 in the case of a dense pressure line 2 does not come from the display region 8 leads out, ie that the minimum pressure is not fallen below.
    In Fig. 3, a state of the pressure gauge 1 is shown, in which a pressure prevails in the pressure line, which lies between the defined minimum pressure and the defined maximum allowable test pressure. If the pressure drops below the defined minimum pressure during the pressure test, i. the display only indicates the first display area 7 of the display element 3, so the observer can infer an impermissible pressure drop and thus a leakage of fluid from the pressure line 2, cf. Fig. 5.
    Upon the first pressurization of the pressure gauge 1 with a pressure, the use breakaway element 11 is sheared off from the die 18 by the housing 13. Occurs, for example, by incorrect operation of the pressure pump or by the action of a construction equipment on the pressure line 2, an inadmissible exceeding the defined maximum allowable overpressure, the overpressure breakaway element 12 is sheared off from the housing 19 by the punch 19. This is shown in Fig. 6, wherein the separated overpressure breakaway element 12 is not shown separately.
    In Fig. 11 different pressure-time curves are shown, which could occur in a pressure test. In the pressure-time diagram illustrated in FIG. 11, the time on the abscissa and the ordinate of the pressure prevailing in the pressure line 2 are plotted on the abscissa. At a starting time 40, a test pressure, for example the maximum permissible test pressure, is set. This test pressure can be for example 16 bar. Furthermore, several times are shown in the diagram. The first time 41 refers to a time that is 24 hours after the start time 40 lies. The second time 42 refers to a time that is 72 hours after the start time 40 is located. The third time 43 refers to a time 144 hours after the start time 40. In addition, the minimum pressure 44 defined for the pressure line 2 is shown in the pressure-time diagram. This is in the exemplary embodiment at 4 bar. Upon actuation of the pressure line 2 with the test pressure and a subsequent drop in the pressure in the pressure line 2 below the defined minimum pressure 44, there is a leak.
    A first pressure curve 45, which is shown in dotted lines in FIG. 11, shows a scenario in which a relatively large leakage occurs in the pressure line 2. Even before the first time 41 occurs, the pressure drops below the defined minimum pressure 44.
    The dashed line shown in Figure 1 second pressure curve 46 shows a situation in which the pressure after 72 hours approximately corresponds to the defined minimum pressure 44. After 144 hours, i. at time 43, the pressure in the pressure line 2 has dropped below the defined minimum pressure 44. Also, this pressure line 2 is thus a leak, albeit a less severe leakage than the pressure curve 45, subjected. The pressure line 2 is to be rehabilitated in scenarios with the pressure gradients 45, 46 prior to commissioning of the geothermal system.
    The third pressure curve 47 shows the desired normal situation. The pressure in the pressure line 2 decreases after the start time 40, similar to the pressure gradients 45 and 46 from strong. This strong reduction of the pressure in the pressure line 2 takes place due to the relaxation of the pressure line 2 produced in the embodiment of plastic. However, the third pressure curve 47 does not intersect the drawn threshold of the defined minimum pressure 44. It has been found in practice that the pressure profile in a pressure-tight pressure line 2 approaches asymptotically to a pressure value which is above the defined minimum pressure 44 shown. An installer wishing to commission the geothermal plant at a time later than the third time 43, i. in the exemplary embodiment at 144 hours, looks through a quick look at the pressure gauge 1, immediately that a pressure-tight pressure line 2 is present.
    In the presence of a pressure-tight pressure line 2, the first display area 7 and at least a portion of the second display area 8 are displayed. As already explained, the second display area 8 is desirably chosen to be so wide that the influence of the relaxation of the pressure line 2 does not lead out of the display area 8.
    For the purposes of the invention, it is possible that the first time is more than 1.5 hours after the start time point 40. That is, the pressure gauge 1 is connected to the pressurized pressure pipe 2 for more than 1.5 hours. It is preferably provided that the pressure indicator 1 is connected to the pressurized pressure line 2 for at least 12 hours, more preferably at least 24 hours. It is particularly advantageous if the pressure indicator 1 is connected to the pressure line from the first use of the pressure indicator 1 until the start of operation of the geothermal system.
    With the pressure indicator 1 according to the invention, it is possible to realize a cost-effective and constant leak test of the pressure line 2 until the geothermal plant is put into operation. As a result, damage occurred after the introduction of the pressure line 2, e.g. due to heavy construction machinery or improper compaction of the soil, immediately read off the pressure gauge 1. If the overpressure breakaway element 12 is missing, further commissioning without detailed examination of the pressure line 2 is not advisable.
    Key to the reference numbers: 1 Pressure indicator 24 Pin 2 Pressure line 25 Stop 3 Display element 26 Recess 4 Spring 5 Connection element 6 Scale 30 Adapter 7 First display area 31 Seal 8 Second display area 32 Grid elevation 9 Third display area 33 Filling nozzle 10 Fourth display area 34 Check valve 11 Use breakaway element 35 Thread 12 Overpressure breakaway element 36 Feed channel 13 Housing 37 Plug connection 14 Seal 38 Counter connecting element 15 Piston rod 39 Inner channel 16 Pistons 40 Start time 17 Cylinders 41 First time 18 First punch 42 Second time 19 Second punch 43 Third time 20 Recess 44 Defined minimum pressure 21 Recess 45 first pressure curve 22 bar 46 second pressure curve 23 bar 47 third pressure curve
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Pressure indicator (1) for a pressure line (2) of a geothermal system, in particular for a geothermal tube, with a display element (3) for visual display of the pressure in the pressure line (2) and at least one connecting element (5) for pressure-tight connection with the Pressure line (2), characterized in that the display element (3) is displaceably mounted, wherein the display element (3) can be acted upon with pressure and against the spring pressure of a spring (4) of the pressure indicator (1) is displaceable.
    [2]
    Second pressure indicator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure indicator (1) has a scale (6) with at least two mutually delimited display areas (7, 8, 9, 10).
    [3]
    3. pressure gauge (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the scale (6) has a first display area (7) for displaying a pressure range below a minimum pressure, and a second display area (8) for displaying a pressure range which between the minimum pressure and a maximum permissible test pressure, and a third display area (9) for indicating a pressure range which is above the maximum permissible test pressure.
    [4]
    4. pressure indicator (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the scale (6) on the display element (3) is arranged.
    [5]
    5. Pressure indicator (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the display element (3) has a piston (16) or a piston (16), wherein the piston (16) can be acted upon by the pressure and / or in a housing 13, preferably cylinder (17), of the pressure indicator (1) is displaceable.
    [6]
    6. Pressure indicator (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the pressure indicator (1) has a use breakaway element (11) for detecting the first use of the pressure indicator (1).
    [7]
    7. Pressure indicator (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the pressure indicator (1) has an overpressure breakaway element (12) for detecting the exceeding of a maximum allowable overpressure.
    [8]
    8. Pressure indicator (1) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the use breakaway element (11) and / or the overpressure breakaway element (12) with a housing (13) of the pressure indicator (1), preferably materialeinstückig connected, or are.
    [9]
    9. Arrangement with a pressure line (2) of a geothermal system, in particular a geothermal tube, and a pressure gauge (1) for detecting the pressure in the pressure line (2), characterized in that the pressure indicator (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8 is formed and the pressure indicator (1) via the connecting element (5) pressure-tight manner with the pressure line (2) is connected.
    [10]
    10. A method for pressure testing a pressure line (2) of a geothermal plant, in particular a geothermal ear, with a pressure indicator (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the pressure indicator (1) with the pressure line (2) is pressure-tightly connected, or and the pressure line (2) is subjected to a pressure which corresponds to a defined test pressure, the pressure indicator (1) being connected to the pressurized pressure line (1) for more than 1.5 hours, preferably at least 12 hours, particularly preferably at least 24 hours. 2) is connected.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3421960B1|2020-10-07|
    EP3421960A1|2019-01-02|
    AT519580B1|2018-08-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3691981A|1972-02-04|1972-09-19|Fluidics Inc|Hose rupture indicator|
    EP0958768A1|1998-05-22|1999-11-24|Heinrich Baumgarten Kg Spezialfabrik Für Beschlagteile|Pressure cooker with safety valve|
    EP1992931A2|2007-05-15|2008-11-19|Diebolt International, Inc.|Pressure indicating device|
    FR1238863A|1959-07-08|1960-08-19|Air Liquide|Pressure indicator|
    US4777828A|1986-06-12|1988-10-18|Ferris James E|Removable, in-place refrigerant pressure check gauge|
    DE20021823U1|2000-12-22|2001-03-15|Voss Fluidtechnik Gmbh & Co Kg|Pressure indicators for printing systems|
    JP2003302107A|2002-04-12|2003-10-24|Misawa Kankyo Gijutsu Kk|Geothermal heat exchange apparatus|
    DE112008001855A5|2007-04-25|2010-04-22|Feldmann, Wolfgang, Dipl.-Ing.|Heat exchanger unit for heating systems and surfaces and switch heating|
    EP2720022B1|2012-10-12|2018-03-07|Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik AG & Co KG|Pressure indicator for high pressure storage facilities|FR3093184B1|2019-02-21|2021-08-06|Sartorius Stedim Fmt Sas|Device and system for detecting the integrity of a container|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA267/2017A|AT519580B1|2017-06-26|2017-06-26|pressure gauge|ATA267/2017A| AT519580B1|2017-06-26|2017-06-26|pressure gauge|
    EP18170015.4A| EP3421960B1|2017-06-26|2018-04-30|Pressure indicator|
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