• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a solution concept for measuring a suspension containing wood fibers. The consistency of the suspension is changed in a consistency range (100). Optical radiation is directed to the suspension (102) and the intensity of the optical radiation that has interacted with the suspension is measured at different consistencies in the consistency region. The maximum intensity of the optical radiation within the consistency range is determined (104). At least one of the following properties of the suspension is determined based on the determined maximum intensity (106): kappa number, brightness.
    公开号:AT519438A1
    申请号:T51005/2017
    申请日:2017-12-05
    公开日:2018-06-15
    发明作者:Kärki Pasi；Törmänen Matti
    申请人:Valmet Automation Oy；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    METHOD AND MEASURING DEVICE FOR MEASURING A SUSPENSION Technical field
    The exemplary and non-limiting embodiments of the invention generally relate to a measurement of a wood fiber suspension, and more particularly to a measurement of a kappa number.
    Background of the invention
    The following description of the prior art may include knowledge, discoveries, insights, or disclosures, or contexts, together with disclosures not known in the relevant art of the present invention, but provided by the invention. Some such contributions of the invention may be particularly pointed out below, with other such contributions of the invention being obvious in context.
    In paper and pulp production, the goal is to produce a final product of good and consistent quality. One way to ensure quality is to take measurements during the manufacturing process. One of the most common and important measurements in pulp production is the measurement of pulp lignin content. The lignin content of a suspension, such as a pulp, is commonly referred to as a kappa number. In the standard ΞΟΑΝΟ 1:77, which is known in the art of pulp production, the kappa number is defined as the amount of a potassium permanganate solution having a concentration of 20 mmol / l in milliliters which is one gram under the conditions defined in the standard consumed by dry pulp.
    The lignin content can be measured in a laboratory environment by known methods. However, laboratory methods are not suitable in a production environment where results must be achieved quickly at various stages of the process to achieve control of the manufacturing process based on the measurements.
    A lignin content of suspensions can be measured by online kappa analyzers using optical measurements. These measurements provide results that can be used in a process control. Normally the measurements are made using a pulp consistency run and two separate optical wavelengths in separate measuring chambers. The use of two wavelengths requires the use of two separate meters, circulation of the pulp in the metering chambers and the use of pressure to remove air bubbles. The measuring system is slightly clogged and is complicated.
    Invention Summary
    An object of the invention is to provide an improved method and apparatus for reducing or avoiding the aforementioned problems.
    The object of the invention is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and by a device according to claim 9. Some embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.
    Brief description of the drawing
    The invention is described in detail below by means of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which
    Fig. 1 is a flowchart showing an example of an embodiment of the invention;
    Fig. 2 shows an example of a measuring arrangement according to an embodiment;
    Fig. 3 shows an example of a measuring arrangement;
    Figures 4A, 4B and 4C show examples of measuring arrangements;
    Fig. 5 shows an example of measurement results; and
    Fig. 6 shows an example of a device acting as a measurement controller.
    Detailed description of some embodiments
    The solution according to the invention is particularly suitable for measuring the kappa number and a brightness of a suspension containing wood fibers, but it is by no means limited thereto.
    In this specification, "optical radiation" means electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of about 40 nm to 1 mm, and "ultraviolet radiation" means electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of about 40 nm to 400 nm.
    In the proposed solution, a suspension containing wood fibers is exposed to optical radiation, and an interaction of the radiation with the suspension is measured while the consistency of the suspension is changed during the measurement process.
    Fig. 1 is a flow chart showing an example of an embodiment of the invention in which a suspension containing wood fibers is measured.
    In step 100, a consistency of the suspension in a consistency range is changed. In one embodiment, the consistency range extends from an initial consistency to a final consistency.
    In step 102, optical radiation is directed to the suspension, and the intensity of the optical radiation that has interacted with the suspension becomes different
    Consistencies measured in the consistency range. Thus, if the consistency of the suspension changes, the measurement is repeated at predetermined intervals. The distances can be a measurement parameter.
    In one embodiment, the optical radiation is directed onto the suspension using an optical power source; and the intensity of the optical radiation interacting with the suspension is measured with one or more optical measurement sensors having a predetermined surface area and distance (distance) from the optical power source.
    In one embodiment, the predetermined surface area and distance are selected based on the consistency range and the required intensity level.
    In one embodiment, the optical radiation consists of radiation of a predetermined wavelength.
    In step 104, the maximum intensity of the optical radiation within the consistency range is determined.
    In step 106, at least one of the following properties of the suspension is determined based on the determined maximum intensity: kappa number, consistency, and brightness.
    An example of a measuring arrangement of an embodiment will now be described with reference to Figure 2, which shows an application of the invention in the pulp and paper industry.
    Fig. 2 shows a duct in which a suspension 202 containing wood fibers flows, i. a wood pulp. A sample of the suspension is withdrawn from line 200 with a sampler 204. The sampler 204 may be a per se known solution, for example based on a piston and a cylinder. The sample is conveyed to a measuring chamber 208 using a conduit 206 with a valve 210 closed.
    The suspension in the measuring chamber can be processed before the measurement. For example, a liquid can be filtered using compressed air. A valve 212 may be opened and the air coming through the valve pushes the sample against the screen 214 and the liquid flows through the valve 216.
    The sample may be washed using water and air by opening the valves 212 and 218, the effluent flowing through the valve 216.
    When the sample is washed, the measurement process may begin by mixing the sample using compressed air through the valve 220 and adding water through the valve 222. Once the sample is mixed, the air valve 220 is closed. The water valve 222 is left open. Water coming through the valve changes the consistency of the sample and at the same time it mixes the sample. The consistency of the suspension is changed in a consistency range. In one embodiment, the consistency range extends from an initial consistency to a final consistency. During the change of the consistency of the sample, a measurement may be performed using a measuring arrangement 224, 226 controlled by a measurement controller 228. In one embodiment, the measurement assembly includes a source and detector portion 226, and an optical fiber and gauge head portion 226.
    Figures 3 and 4A to 4C show examples of a measuring arrangement 224 and 226. In one embodiment, the arrangement comprises an optical power source 300. The kappa number is usually measured with ultraviolet light, due to which the optical power source usually emits at least ultraviolet light. The source 300 may be, for example, a xenon lamp or an LED (Light Emitting Diode). The optical power source may be configured to direct optical radiation to the suspension.
    In one embodiment, the optical radiation is directed onto the suspension using a first optical fiber 306. The first optical fiber 306 may be configured to direct the optical radiation onto the suspension with the first end of the fiber connected to the optical power source 300, and the second end of the fiber located at the probe and introduced into the measuring chamber 208 ,
    In one embodiment, the assembly may further include one or more detectors 302, 304 arranged to measure the intensity of the optical radiation interacting with the suspension. In one embodiment, each detector is connected to a group of optical fibers 308, 310 with the ends of the optical fibers positioned near the second end of the first optical fiber 302.
    Figures 4A to 4C show examples of the fiber arrangement in the measuring head 312 which may be inserted into the measuring chamber.
    FIG. 4A shows an embodiment in which the measurement arrangement comprises the optical power source 300 connected to the first optical fiber 308 and the detector 302 connected to the optical fiber 308. In the measuring head, the optical fiber 306 and the optical fiber 308 are arranged side by side at a predetermined distance 400 from each other.
    FIG. 4B shows another embodiment in which the measurement arrangement comprises the optical power source 300 connected to the first optical fiber 308 and the detector 302 connected to a group of optical fibers 308. In the measuring head, the ends of the optical fibers 308 are positioned near the end of the first optical fiber 306 at the same distance 402 from the first optical fiber.
    4C shows another embodiment in which the measuring arrangement comprises the power source 300 connected to the first optical fiber 308 and detectors 302, 304 connected to a group of optical fibers 308, 310. In the measuring head, the ends of the optical fibers 308 are positioned near the end of the first optical fiber 306 at the same predetermined distance 404 from the first optical fiber, and the ends of the optical fibers 310 are near the end of the first optical fiber 306 at the same Distance 406 from the first optical fiber positioned.
    In one embodiment, the measuring chamber 208 includes a window 230 in a wall of the measuring chamber. The optical power source 300 or the first optical fiber 306 connected to the source may be placed outside the measurement chamber behind the window to direct optical radiation onto the suspension.
    Similarly, one or more detectors 302, 304 or optical fibers 308, 310 connected to the detectors may be placed outside the measurement chamber behind the window 230 in the measurement chamber wall.
    The above-described use of optical fibers is just one example. The measurement can also be realized without optical fibers. In one embodiment, the optical radiation is directed to the measuring chamber using a radiation guide, such as a lens, waveguide or any suitable medium. For example, the optical source and detectors may be placed behind the window 230 without the use of optical fibers.
    Fig. 5 shows an example of measurement results if the intensity of the optical radiation interacting with the suspension is measured at different consistencies using the measuring arrangement described above. FIG. 5 shows a plot plotting time on the x-axis 500 and measured intensity on the y-axis 502. The consistency of the suspension sample is changed as a function of time. Usually the consistency of the suspension is large at the beginning, and the more water is mixed with the sample, the lower the consistency of the suspension.
    If optical radiation from the optical radiation source is directed to the suspension sample, a portion of the radiation from the wood fibers is scattered to the detector, a portion scatters elsewhere and a portion is absorbed into lignin. The consistency of the suspension sample is changed during the measurement process. Initially, if the consistency is greater, a small amount 504 of radiation is detected by the detector. If the consistency becomes smaller due to the water mixed in the sample, the amount 506 of radiation detected in the detector becomes larger. At some point, as the consistency decreases, the amount of radiation detected by the detector becomes smaller. The measuring arrangement may be configured to detect the maximum value 508 of the intensity detected by the detector. On the basis of the determined maximum intensity, at least one of the following properties of the suspension can be determined: kappa number, brightness.
    The consistency with which the maximum intensity is achieved depends on the absorption. The greater the absorption, the smaller the consistency at which the maximum intensity occurs.
    In one embodiment, the initial consistency range measurement consistency depends on the properties of the suspension. The measurement is continued until a maximum intensity is detected, and is terminated if the measured intensity becomes smaller after the maximum value.
    In one embodiment, to operate correctly, the measuring assembly is calibrated by performing a calibration measurement. These measurements can be made using a normalized reference plate placed in front of the measuring assembly. In one embodiment, the calibration is performed using a reference pulp. Calibration is necessary before the measurement setup is actually used, and must be done from time to time because, for example, the path of the optical radiation may change, or the detector response may change over time. The reference pulp is wood pulp whose properties were measured in the laboratory and stabilized with respect to time. There is commercially available reference pulp for calibrating meters, e.g. a Paprican Standard reference pulp 5-96 from a Canadian manufacturer.
    In one embodiment, the surfaces and numerical apertures of the optical source and detectors are selected based on the consistency range of the suspension and the amount of light required (intensity extent).
    In one embodiment, the distances 400, 402, 404, 406 and the surface area of the cross sections and numerical apertures of optical fibers or groups of optical fibers 306, 308 and 310 are selected based on the consistency range of the suspension and the amount of intensity required.
    The distances 400, 402, 404, 406 and the surface of the cross sections of the optical fibers or groups of optical fibers 306, 308 are referred to below as measuring geometry. A measuring geometry relates to the consistency range. If measurements are taken, the consistency of the suspension must be such that sample processing (washing the sample and changing the consistency) is possible. If the consistency of the suspension is too large, sample processing may not be successful. On the other hand, if the consistency is too low, dynamics of the measurement may suffer. Likewise, an available light intensity of the optical light source has an effect on the measurements. If the kappa number is measured, the larger the kappa number, the more lignin in the sample absorbs more light.
    In one embodiment, the goal is to detect the maximum intensity of the optical radiation interacting with the suspension within the consistency range. The consistency at which the maximum intensity is reached may depend on the following things:
    The distance 400, 402, 404, 406 between the optical power source and the measurement point, i. the distance between the end of the first optical fiber 306 and the ends of the other optical fibers 306, 308. The larger the distance, the smaller the consistency at which the maximum intensity occurs.
    The surfaces of the optical power source and the measuring points. The larger the surfaces, the smaller the consistency at which the maximum intensity occurs.
    The kappa number of the sample. The larger the kappa number, the smaller the consistency at which the maximum intensity occurs.
    A wavelength of the radiation output from the optical power source. Absorption of the radiation in the suspension depends on the wavelength. The greater the absorption, the smaller the consistency at which the maximum intensity occurs.
    A particle size of the suspension sample. The smaller the particles, the smaller the consistency at which the maximum intensity occurs.
    Thus, in one embodiment, the measurement parameters may include the measurement geometry, the wavelength of the optical radiation, and the consistency range used in the measurements. For example, for high kappa values, a different wavelength compared to low kappa values may be used. In one embodiment, the wavelength is in an ultraviolet range. Furthermore, the consistency range may depend on the properties of the suspension. For example, if a pine suspension is measured, a consistency range may be 0.3-0.1%, and if a birch suspension is measured, a consistency range may be 0.4-0.2%. These numerical values are only non-limiting examples.
    Typical values for optical fiber diameters are several hundred pm, but other values may be used depending on the property to be measured.
    Also, if no optical fibers are used but the optical source and detectors are connected to the measuring chamber using another suitable medium, the above discussion is generally applicable as well.
    Fig. 6 shows an embodiment. The figure shows a simplified example of a device configured to operate as a measurement controller 228.
    The device presented herein must be considered as merely an example to illustrate some embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the apparatus may also have other functions and / or structures, and not all of the described functions and structures are necessary. Although the device is shown as one unit, various modules and memories may be implemented in one or more physical or logical units.
    The device 228 of the example includes a control circuit 600 that is configured to control at least a portion of the operation of the device.
    The device may include a memory 602 for storing data. Further, the memory may store software 604 executable by the control circuit 240.
    The memory may be integrated in the control circuit.
    The device may further include an interface circuit 606 (IF) configured to connect the device to other devices. The interface may provide a wired or wireless connection. The interface may connect the device to the measuring device 224, 226. In one embodiment, the device may be connected to a control computer of automatic processing used in cellulose production.
    The device may further include a user interface 608 (UI), such as a display, a keyboard, and a mouse. In one embodiment, the device does not include a user interface, but is connected to other devices that provide access to the device.
    In some embodiments, the device may be implemented with a mini or microcomputer, a personal computer or a laptop, or any suitable computing device.
    The proposed solution for measuring a suspension has many advantages over prior art solutions. There is no need for a separate consistency measurement that reduces inaccuracy of measurement. Compared to measuring arrangements of the prior art, the proposed arrangement is easier to implement. There is no need to circulate a sample during the measurements, and the number of pumps and valves can be reduced. There is no separate wash chamber, as washing and measurement can be done in the same chamber. Furthermore, there is no need for a Druckmesskämmer. Due to the structure of the arrangement, it is possible to perform calibration using a normalized reference plate.
    In one embodiment, brightness and consistency measurements can be made in the same measurement chamber using different measurement geometries. For example, in the solution of FIG. 4C, one detector may measure a kappa number and another a brightness.
    It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that as the technology advances, the inventive concept can be implemented in a variety of ways. The invention and its embodiments are not limited to the examples described above, but may be varied within the scope of the claims.
    The invention relates to a solution concept for measuring a suspension containing wood fibers. The consistency of the suspension is changed in a consistency range (100). Optical radiation is directed to the suspension (102) and the intensity of the optical radiation that has interacted with the suspension is measured at different consistencies in the consistency region. The maximum intensity of the optical radiation within the consistency range is determined (104). At least one of the following properties of the suspension is determined based on the determined maximum intensity (106): kappa number, brightness.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    claims
    A method of measuring a suspension containing wood fibers, the method comprising the steps of: changing (100) a consistency of the suspension in a consistency range; Directing (102) optical radiation to the suspension, and measuring the intensity of the optical radiation that has interacted with the suspension at different consistencies in the consistency region; Determining (104) the maximum intensity of the optical radiation within the consistency range; and determining (106) at least one of the following properties of the suspension based on the determined maximum intensity: kappa number, brightness.
    [2]
    2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: directing the optical radiation to the suspension using an optical power source; and measuring the intensity of the optical radiation that has interacted with the suspension with one or more optical measurement sensors having a predetermined surface, numerical aperture, and distance from the optical power source.
    [3]
    3. The method of claim 2, further comprising the step of: selecting the predetermined surface, numerical aperture, and distance based on the consistency range and a required amount of intensity.
    [4]
    The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising the step of: measuring the kappa number using ultraviolet radiation.
    [5]
    The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising the step of: changing the consistency of the suspension such that the consistency passes continuously through all consistencies in the consistency area.
    [6]
    6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising the step: removal of a sample of the suspension to be measured in a non-pressurized measuring chamber.
    [7]
    The method of any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising the steps of: directing the optical radiation onto the suspension using a first optical fiber having a predetermined diameter and a numerical aperture, and measuring the intensity of the optical radiation associated with the suspension with a detector connected to a group of optical fibers, each optical fiber having a predetermined diameter, and the ends of the optical fibers positioned near the end of the first optical fiber at the same distance from the first optical fiber.
    [8]
    The method of any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising the steps of: directing the optical radiation to the suspension using a light source placed outside the measurement chamber behind a window in a measurement chamber wall; and measuring the intensity of the optical radiation that has interacted with the suspension with a detector placed outside the measurement chamber behind a window in the measurement chamber wall, the detector having a predetermined diameter and located at a predetermined distance from the light source.
    [9]
    9. A measuring device for measuring a suspension containing wood fibers, the measuring device comprising an optical power source (300) for directing optical radiation onto the suspension and at least one optical measuring sensor (302) for measuring optical radiation that has interacted with the suspension. wherein the measuring device is arranged to: change (100) a consistency of the suspension in a consistency region; Directing (102) optical radiation to the suspension, and measuring the intensity of the optical radiation that has interacted with the suspension at different consistencies in the consistency region; Determining (104) the maximum intensity of the optical radiation within the consistency range; and determining (106) at least one of the following properties of the suspension based on the determined maximum intensity: kappa number, brightness.
    [10]
    10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein: at least one measurement sensor has a predetermined surface, numerical aperture, and distance from the optical power source, wherein the predetermined surface area and distance are selected based on the consistency range and the required intensity level.
    [11]
    11. Apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 10, further adapted to measure the kappa number using ultraviolet radiation.
    [12]
    Apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 11, further adapted to change the consistency of the suspension such that the consistency passes continuously through all consistencies in the consistency area.
    [13]
    13. An apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 12, further comprising a non-pressurized measuring chamber (208), wherein the device is further adapted to remove a sample of the suspension to be measured in the measuring chamber.
    [14]
    The apparatus of any one of claims 9 to 13, further comprising: a first optical fiber (306) configured to direct the optical radiation to the suspension, the first end of the fiber being connected to the optical light source (300) is, and the second end of the fiber is in the measuring chamber; and one or more detectors (302) for measuring the intensity of the optical radiation that has interacted with the suspension, each detector being connected to a group of optical fibers (308), each optical fiber having a predetermined diameter, and the ends of the optical fibers optical fibers are positioned near the second end of the first optical fiber at the same distance from the first optical fiber (306), wherein the predetermined diameter and spacing are selected based on the consistency range and the required intensity amount.
    [15]
    The apparatus of any of claims 9 to 13, further comprising: a window (230) in a measuring chamber wall, the optical power source being placed outside the measuring chamber (208) behind the window in a wall for aligning the optical radiation with the suspension; and one or more detectors (302) for measuring the intensity of optical radiation that has interacted with the suspension, the detectors being placed outside the measurement chamber behind the window (230) in the measurement chamber wall, each detector having a predetermined diameter, and on is placed at a predetermined distance from the optical power source (300), wherein the predetermined diameter and distance are selected on the basis of the consistency range and the required intensity amount.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
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