• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an internal combustion engine and an associated method for loading an ignition chamber (1) with a combustion chamber (2), which is formed essentially by at least one cylinder head, at least one cylinder and at least one per cylinder movable piston, and one between the cylinder head and combustion chamber (2) arranged ignition chamber (1), in which a Fremdzündquelle (3) is arranged, wherein the combustion chamber (2) via at least one transfer opening (4) with the ignition chamber (1) is flow connected, and that the ignition chamber (1) at least one Loading opening (5) to the combustion chamber (2). The task is to change the loading openings (5) depending on the operating status. This is achieved by the fact that in the ignition chamber (1) a valve (1) is arranged, through which the at least one loading opening (5) with the ignition chamber (1) is flow-connected.
    公开号:AT519257A4
    申请号:T51009/2016
    申请日:2016-11-04
    公开日:2018-05-15
    发明作者:Ing Axel Braun Dipl
    申请人:Avl List Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with a combustion chamber, which is essentially formed by a cylinder head, at least one cylinder and at least one per cylinder movable piston, and arranged between the cylinder head and combustion chamber ignition chamber in which a Fremdzündquelle is arranged, wherein the combustion chamber via at least one Transfer opening with the ignition chamber is fluidly connected, and that the ignition chamber has at least one loading opening to the combustion chamber and an associated method for loading an ignition chamber and igniting an ignitable mixture in the ignition chamber and in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine in which the ignition chamber through at least one loading opening of the Combustion chamber is charged from an ignition by a Fremdzündquelle from a central region, an ignition region in the ignition chamber, and burnt and unburned mixture, by at least one transfer opening i n the combustion chamber penetrates.
    Internal combustion engines with ignition chambers in which a Fremdzündquelle is arranged, for example, find application in the high-performance area. Under transfer openings are shot channels through which the burned and unburned mixture flows into the combustion chamber after ignition of the charge in the ignition chamber or is forced into the combustion chamber by the generated overpressure in the ignition chamber.
    From DE 33 31 116 Al an ignition chamber with adjustable after load opening cross sections of weft channels is known. The disadvantage of this is that only the cross sections of the shot channels are available for loading the ignition chamber.
    Object of the present invention is to provide an internal combustion engine and an associated method, so that this disadvantage is avoided and a leakage of substantially combusted mixture from the ignition chamber is favored.
    According to the invention this object is achieved in that in the ignition chamber, a valve is arranged, through which the at least one loading port is strömungsverbindbar with the ignition chamber, and that for loading a valve opens at least one loading opening and ignitable mixture is pressed into the ignition chamber. This is advantageous because the loading is thereby beinflussbar. It can be made with this device a working game synchronous change of the loading opening.
    Under Arbeitsspielsynchroner change is here to understand a change in the loading opening as a function of the working cycle of a four-stroke engine.
    In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, depending on the instantaneous operating state of the internal combustion engine, the loading opening can be influenced.
    It is favorable if the sum of the cross-sectional areas of transfer openings is smaller than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of loading openings-preferably so small that the area ratio of the transfer openings to the loading openings is less than 0.25 and if before and through exit of combusted mixture by at least However, a transition opening the inflamed mixture of pressure increase by more than 1 MPa relative to the combustion chamber experiences in an advantageous manner, however, 1.7 times the compression pressure in the combustion chamber is reached. As a result of this pressure increase in the ignition chamber, the burnt gas flows up to the speed of sound out of the firing channel or shot channels into the combustion chamber, this being achieved on the basis of the geometry. For a uniform and as complete as possible and as rapid as possible combustion in the ignition chamber, it is advantageous if a volume enclosed by a wall of the ignition chamber has an ignition region in a central region, and at least one transfer opening is arranged around the central region, thereby achieving At the beginning of the overflow process, burnt charge already passes through it and the propagation of the flame front (s) in the ignition chamber takes place simultaneously in the direction of a cylinder head and in the direction of the piston.
    A particularly rapid burn through in the combustion chamber is achieved if the ignition chamber has at least four and in a particularly advantageous embodiment six to nine transfer openings.
    A particularly simple and favorable geometry results if at least one loading opening is arranged away from the central area.
    The loading is particularly easily adjustable depending on the operating state of the internal combustion engine when the sum of free cross-sectional areas of the loading openings is variable by the displaceably arranged valve and when a valve body of the valve is displaced depending on a displacement of the piston and if at least one loading opening through the valve is closed or opened in synchronism with the movement of the piston, while a free cross-sectional area is reduced or increased.
    Wherein, in a particularly favorable method of loading the valve during the movement of a piston of the internal combustion engine is opened to its top dead center, so that at least one loading port is fluidly connected to the combustion chamber. In this case, due to the movement of the piston, a differential pressure between the combustion chamber and the ignition chamber may advantageously arise, which displaces the valve in the direction of its open position, so that at least one loading opening is flow-connected to the ignition chamber.
    A dependent displacement of the valve can be controlled particularly well when a valve body of the valve is displaceably arranged against the force of a spring element, preferably by a differential pressure between the combustion chamber and the ignition chamber.
    It is favorable if a valve body of the valve is connected to an actuating mechanism. As a result, regardless of the operating state, the load can be variably controlled and the additional available volume in the combustion chamber can be changed. In principle, however, an externally actuated control of the actuating mechanism is conceivable.
    The same advantage arises when the valve is adjusted by an actuating mechanism, preferably against a force and with the force of a spring element acting on the valve.
    A particularly simple arrangement results when the valve has an annular slide.
    In order to avoid escape of the ignitable mixture from the ignition chamber, it is favorable if the transfer opening is closed by the valve and the transfer opening is closed by the valve when the transfer opening is open and at least one transfer opening is closed during the loading.
    The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the non-limiting figures. Show it:
    1 shows an internal combustion engine according to the invention in a first embodiment in section.
    Figure 2 shows the internal combustion engine in the first embodiment in section.
    3 shows an internal combustion engine according to the invention in a second embodiment in section.
    4 shows the internal combustion engine in the second embodiment in section.
    5 shows an internal combustion engine according to the invention in a third embodiment in section. and
    Fig. 6, the internal combustion engine in the third embodiment in section.
    In Fig. 1, an internal combustion engine is shown in a first embodiment with the closed position of a loading element. It has an ignition chamber 1, which is surrounded by a combustion chamber 2. The ignition chamber 1 has a Fremdzündquelle 3, which is formed in the first embodiment as a laser ignition source. The ignition chamber 1 is arranged with the combustion chamber 2 via two transfer openings 4 and two loading openings 5 fluidly connected.
    The combustion chamber 2 is limited by a cylinder head, a cylinder and a cylinder arranged and displaceable piston. The ignition chamber 1 is arranged in this embodiment on the cylinder head, not shown.
    The ignition chamber 1 has a valve 6. This is used to close the loading openings 5. In this case, a cross-sectional area A of a loading opening 5 by a valve body 6a is variably closed. In the first embodiment, the valve body 6a is an annular disc which is arranged to act in the direction of the loading opening 5 by a spring element 6b. The spring element 6b counteracts a displacement of the valve body 6a with a force F. The valve body 6a is displaceable in the first embodiment by a differential pressure p against the force F. The differential pressure p arises due to the displacement of the piston and the resulting compression of the gases in the combustion chamber and the ignition chamber in conjunction with a high throttle resistance at the transfer openings 4.
    The ignition chamber 1 is bounded by a wall 7. The ignition chamber 1 has a volume V in which an ignition region 8 is arranged in a central region. The ignition region 8 is understood to be the region in which the ignitable mixture in the ignition chamber 1 is initially ignited by the external ignition source 3.
    Close to this ignition region 1, the transfer openings 4 are arranged in the wall 7 of the ignition chamber 1. Cross-sectional areas B of the transfer openings 4 are substantially smaller than cross-sectional areas A of the loading openings 5. The sum of the cross-sectional areas A of the loading openings 5 is advantageously at least four times greater than the sum of the cross-sectional areas B of the transfer openings 4. An area ratio B / A of the transfer openings 4 to the loading openings 5 is thus smaller than 0.25. The loading openings 5 are arranged away from the ignition area 8. The transfer openings 4 are arranged near the ignition region 8.
    In Fig. 1, the valve body 6a of the valve 6 is in a closed position C. Here, the force F of the spring element 6b is greater than that which is exerted by the differential pressure p of the combustion chamber 2 on the valve body 6a.
    In Fig. 2, the valve body 6a of the valve 6 is in an open position 0. Here, the force F is smaller than that exerted by the differential pressure p.
    In Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, an embodiment is shown. In this case, the valve body 6a of the valve 6 is designed as an annular slide 6c.
    The valve 6 is supported with its valve body 6a against a shoulder 9 of the wall 7 of the ignition chamber 1 with a spring element 6b. On an attack surface 6d of the valve body 6a of the differential pressure p acts from the combustion chamber. 2
    In Fig. 3, the valve 6 is shown in its closed position C and in Fig. 4, the valve 6 is displaced in the direction of its open position 0. In the closed position C, the cross-sectional areas A of the loading openings 5 are closed and in the open position 0 the loading openings 5 are opened and a free cross-sectional area a of the loading opening 5 corresponds to the cross-sectional area A of the loading opening 5.
    The free cross-sectional area a of the loading opening 5 is different depending on the operating state of the internal combustion engine. The annular slide 6c of the valve 6 has, in the second embodiment, the two transfer opening 4. In the closed position C of the valve 6, the transfer openings 4 are opened in the embodiment shown. In the open position 0 of the valve 6, the transfer openings 4 are closed by the annular slide 6c.
    A third embodiment is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. In this case, the valve body 6a configured as an annular slide 6c is connected to an actuating mechanism 6e of the valve 6. In this embodiment, a displacement of the annular slide 6c is triggered by a displacement of the actuating mechanism 6e - which stirs from the cylinder head ago.
    The loading of the ignition chamber 1 is advantageously carried out in the region of a top dead center of the piston. In this case, the valve body 6a is moved in the direction of the open position 0 based on the differential pressure p in the combustion chamber 2. As a result, the cross-sectional areas A of the loading openings 5 are opened, and in the third embodiment, the cross-sectional areas B of the transfer openings 4 are simultaneously closed. In the ignition chamber 1 is ignited in the sequence through the loading openings 5 ignitable mixture from the combustion chamber 2 into the ignition chamber 1, as shown by the arrows 10 in Fig. 2.
    When the piston moves from top dead center, the ignition from the external ignition source 3 from the ignition region 8 takes place and the displacement of the valve 6 into the closed position C takes place. This results in a pressure increase of at least 1 MPa due to the geometry in the ignition chamber 1. In a particularly favorable arrangement, even an increase to 1.7 times the compression pressure in the ignition chamber 1 can take place.
    The ignitable mixture ignites in the ignition region 8 and flows via the transfer openings 4 into the combustion chamber 2. In this case, because of the favorable arrangement in the first embodiment, essentially burnt mixture flows via the transfer openings 4 into the combustion chamber 2.
    In a particularly advantageous embodiment, eight crossing openings 4 are provided which, with their sum of the cross-sectional areas B, are smaller than the sum of the cross-sectional areas A of the loading openings 5.
    There are provided for the second and third embodiments conventional Fremdzündquellen 3.
    权利要求:
    Claims (19)
    [1]
    An internal combustion engine having a combustion chamber (2) which is essentially formed by at least one cylinder head, at least one cylinder and at least one per cylinder movable piston, and between the cylinder head and combustion chamber (2) arranged ignition chamber (1) in which a Fremdzündquelle ( 3), wherein the combustion chamber (2) is connectable to the ignition chamber (1) via at least one transfer opening (4), and in that the ignition chamber (1) has at least one charge opening (5) to the combustion chamber (2), characterized in that a valve (1) is arranged in the ignition chamber (1) through which the at least one loading opening (5) can be fluidly connected to the ignition chamber (1).
    [2]
    2. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the sum of the cross-sectional areas (B) from the transfer openings (4) is smaller than the sum of the cross-sectional areas (A) from loading openings (5) - preferably so small that the area ratio (B / A ) of the transfer openings (4) to the loading openings (5) is less than 0.25.
    [3]
    3. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that by a wall (7) of the ignition chamber (1) enclosed volume (V) in a central region an ignition region (8), and that at least one transfer opening (4) to the central area is arranged.
    [4]
    4. Internal combustion engine according to claim 3, characterized in that the cross section of the loading opening is variable by a game-game synchronous change.
    [5]
    5. Internal combustion engine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sum of free cross-sectional areas (a) of the loading openings (5) by the displaceably arranged valve (6) is variable.
    [6]
    6. Internal combustion engine according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a valve body (6a) of the valve (6) is displaceable depending on a displacement of the piston.
    [7]
    7. Internal combustion engine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a valve body (6a) of the valve (6) against the force (F) of a spring element (6b) is slidably disposed, preferably by a differential pressure (p) from the combustion chamber (2).
    [8]
    8. Internal combustion engine according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a valve body (6a) of the valve (6) with an actuating mechanism (6e) is connected.
    [9]
    9. Internal combustion engine according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the valve (6) has an annular slide (6c).
    [10]
    10. Internal combustion engine according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that when the loading opening (5), the transfer opening (4) through the valve (6) is closed and with open transfer opening (4) the loading opening (5) through the valve (5) 6) is closed.
    [11]
    11. A method for loading an ignition chamber (1) and for igniting an ignitable mixture in the ignition chamber (1) and in a combustion chamber (2) of an internal combustion engine, wherein the ignition chamber (1) through at least one loading opening (5) of the combustion chamber ( 2) from an ignition by a Fremdzündquelle (3) from a central region, an ignition region (8) in the ignition chamber (1) emanating, and burned and unburned mixture through at least one transfer opening (4) in the combustion chamber ( 2) penetrates, characterized in that for loading a valve (6) at least one loading opening (5) opens and ignitable mixture in the ignition chamber (1) is pressed.
    [12]
    12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that at least one loading opening (5) is closed or opened by the valve (6) in synchronism with the movement of the piston, while a free cross-sectional area (a) is reduced or increased.
    [13]
    13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that during the loading at least one transfer opening (4) is closed.
    [14]
    14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the valve (6) by an actuating mechanism (6e) - preferably against a force (F) and with the force (F) of a spring element (6b) on the Valve (6) acts - is adjusted.
    [15]
    15. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that for loading the valve (6) during the movement of a piston of the internal combustion engine is opened to its top dead center, so that at least one loading port (5) to the combustion chamber (2) fluidly connected becomes.
    [16]
    16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that by the movement of the piston, a differential pressure (p) is formed in the combustion chamber, which moves the valve (6) in the direction of its open position (0), so that at least one loading opening (5). is fluidly connected to the combustion chamber (2).
    [17]
    17. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that prior to and by exit of burnt mixture by at least one transfer opening (4) the ignited mixture is subject to a pressure increase by more than 1 MPa, preferably by substantially times a compression pressure.
    [18]
    18. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that the ignitable mixture in the vicinity of the at least one transfer opening (4) is ignited, so that substantially only completely burnt mixture through the transfer opening (4) into the combustion chamber (2 ) flows.
    [19]
    19. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that after passage of combusted mixture through the transfer opening (4) takes place a uniform distribution in the direction of a cylinder head and in the direction of the piston.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT519257B1|2018-05-15|
    DE102017219560A1|2018-05-09|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPS4956304U|1972-08-28|1974-05-18|
    JPS5371705A|1976-12-07|1978-06-26|Toyota Motor Corp|Internal combustion engine with sub-combustion chamber|
    DE3331116A1|1983-08-30|1985-03-14|Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart|Method for the operation of an internal combustion engine with at least one main combustion chamber and an assigned ignition chamber and internal combustion engine for implementing the method|
    JP2002266645A|2001-03-13|2002-09-18|Osaka Gas Co Ltd|Engine, its operating method and auxiliary combustion chamber mechanism|
    JP2006322367A|2005-05-18|2006-11-30|Nissan Motor Co Ltd|Sub-chamber type internal combustion engine|
    DE102018220177B4|2018-11-23|2020-09-03|Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh|Pre-chamber arrangement for an internal combustion engine, internal combustion engine with such a pre-chamber arrangement, and method for operating such an internal combustion engine|
    DE102020105921A1|2020-03-05|2021-09-09|Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft|Externally ignited reciprocating internal combustion engine with a prechamber ignition system|
    US20210332743A1|2020-04-23|2021-10-28|Liebherr Machines Bulle Sa|Engine having prechamber ignition and method of controlling such an engine|
    CH717344A1|2020-04-23|2021-10-29|Liebherr Machines Bulle Sa|Pre-ignition engine and method of controlling such an engine.|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA51009/2016A|AT519257B1|2016-11-04|2016-11-04|Internal combustion engine|ATA51009/2016A| AT519257B1|2016-11-04|2016-11-04|Internal combustion engine|
    DE102017219560.6A| DE102017219560A1|2016-11-04|2017-11-03|Internal combustion engine|
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