• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In a melting furnace (1) for producing a rock melt for rock wool production, comprising a furnace main chamber (8) having a feed opening (3) for discharging the lumpy feed, an outlet opening (6) for discharging the molten stone and a heater for heating the furnace main chamber (8), it is provided that the heating device comprises an inductively heatable susceptor (9), which has at least two channels (10) which each connect the feed opening (3) with the outlet opening (6).
    公开号:AT519235A4
    申请号:T116/2017
    申请日:2017-03-21
    公开日:2018-05-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Destra Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a melting furnace for the production of a rock melt for rock wool production, comprising a furnace main combs with a feed opening for the task of lumpy feed, an outlet opening for discharging the molten stone and a heater for heating the furnace main chamber.
    Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of the inventive melting furnace for producing a rock melt, in particular basalt melt for rock wool production.
    The prior art discloses methods and apparatus for producing mineral melts for the production of mineral fiber products. The mineral fiber products, especially mineral wool, e.g. Rock wool or glass wool, consist of glassy solidified inorganic mineral fibers, which are produced by means of a melting process. In this melting process, suitable raw materials are melted and then the resulting melt is fiberized in a defibration unit. The fraying of the melt takes place for example in a so-called drawing,
    Centrifugal or blowing process. Immediately after pulping, the mineral fibers are either wetted in droplets with binders and / or impregnating agents or obtained a coating of binders and / or impregnating agents, so that they are subsequently pointwise interconnected. The pulp treated in this way can subsequently be collected, deformed and the resulting structure fixed by curing the binders.
    For the production of rockwool insulation materials such as e.g. Basalt, diabase, limestone and / or dolomite melted. Melting usually takes place in cupola or shaft furnaces, to which the coarse-grained raw material together with coarse coke as primary energy source is given up. The combustion process produces temperatures of at least 1500 ° C, causing the fusible components of the raw material to melt and sink to the bottom of the furnace where the melt is tapped off.
    From the prior art, for example, the AT 516735 A4 also electrically heated melting furnaces have become known. Such furnaces have a susceptor comprising heating means inductively heated by means of an induction coil. A susceptor here is understood to be a heating element made of a material which has the property of absorbing electromagnetic energy and converting it into heat. Susceptors are often made of graphite, because this material is extremely resistant to occlusion, can be processed well and has a high temperature resistance.
    In known electrically, in particular inductively heated ovens, there is the problem that the heat emitted by the heater heat is not evenly distributed within the oven chamber. While intensive heat exchange with the material to be melted takes place in regions of the furnace chamber immediately adjacent to the heating device, in particular the susceptor, areas further away from the heating device are heated less rapidly and / or less rapidly. In the case of a susceptor arranged annularly along a cylindrical furnace wall, the material is therefore melted faster in the edge region of the furnace chamber than in a middle region of the furnace chamber remote from the edge. The inhomogeneous heat distribution can cause the material to be incompletely melted and solid inclusions to remain, which lead to defects in the further processing of the melt. This can be counteracted by extending the residence time of the material in the furnace chamber and / or increasing the heating power. However, these measures increase the energy consumption and possibly the time required and are therefore disadvantageous.
    The present invention therefore aims to improve a device of the type mentioned in that with little effort a homogeneous melt can be obtained without inclusions.
    In particular, the energy losses should be minimized and the melting time should be reduced.
    To achieve this object, the invention essentially provides, in a device of the type initially mentioned, that the heating device comprises an inductively heatable susceptor which has at least two channels which each connect the feed opening to the outlet opening. In this arrangement, it is possible that at least a portion of the feed material passes through the channels from the feed opening to the outlet opening. As a result, the feed material is divided into at least two paths, via which it passes through a channel of the susceptor from the feed opening to the outlet opening. The resulting subsets of the feed material are in each case own heat transfer surfaces of the susceptor, namely the respective channel inner wall, available, so that the usable heat transfer total area of the susceptor is increased. On the whole, the measure according to the invention makes it possible in a simple manner to increase the ratio of the surface of the susceptor coming into contact with the feed material and therefore usable for the heat transfer to the feed material to the volume of the feedstock to be melted.
    The use of a susceptor in this case has the advantage that the design of the channels can in principle be arbitrary, because the susceptor itself can be arbitrarily shaped. The alternating magnetic field necessary for heating the susceptor can be generated by a device arranged outside the melting furnace, for example a coil, and need not be considered in the design of the melting furnace interior. Usually, melting furnaces of the type mentioned are constructed so that the feed opening at the upper end and the outlet opening are arranged at the lower end of the furnace. The task opening and the outlet opening are arranged vertically above one another. As a result, the force of gravity can be used for the transport of the feed material or the melt from the feed opening to the discharge opening. The susceptor is in this case preferably arranged such that the channels essentially directly connect the feed opening and the discharge opening, ie are arranged substantially parallel to the melt furnace axis formed by the feed opening and the discharge opening.
    It is preferably provided that at least one of the channels in the end opening facing the outlet opening has a narrowed cross-section. The narrowed cross-section may for example be formed by the channel exit opening, through which the molten material from the channel enters the oven chamber. The cross-sectional constriction prevents introduced rock from passing too quickly through the channel and ensures that the rock remains in the channel for at least a period of time and is heated there by the applied thermal energy. If the cross-sectional constriction is dimensioned so that it does not let lumpy feed material, it is ensured that the feed material flows out of the channel only in the molten state. As a result, a self-regulation of the residence time of the feed material in the channels of the susceptor is achieved.
    This effect can also be achieved in that at least one of the channels has a first section with a first, larger cross section and a second section with a second, smaller cross section, wherein the second section faces the outlet opening. In this case, it is provided in particular that the first cross section is large enough to accommodate lumpy rock and the second cross section is too small for the passage of the lumpy rock, but lets liquid rock melt through. In this case, the rock falls into the first section where it is melted by the susceptor and then exits the channel through the second section. Furthermore, three or more sections may be provided with different sized cross sections, wherein preferably the cross sections in the direction of the outlet opening are getting smaller. As a result, a step-like movement of the rock in the direction of the outlet opening can be effected. Particularly preferably, it is provided that the sections each have an inclined to the next section bottom area. This prevents that rock or molten rock is not transported within the channel.
    A similar effect can be achieved in that at least one of the channels has a kink. In this case, any channel shapes are conceivable which prevent a rectilinear connection between the feed opening and the outlet opening through the at least one bend and thereby increase the residence time in the susceptor.
    Particularly preferably, it is provided that the susceptor is designed such that the feed opening is connected to the outlet opening exclusively via the at least two channels. This ensures that the rock to be melted has to pass through one of the channels where it can be efficiently melted. This further increases the efficiency of the melting furnace.
    In order to produce this effect simply, it is preferably provided that the susceptor completely fills the cross-section of the main chamber of the furnace. The furnace main chambers thus has a section in which the cross section is completely occupied by the susceptor. The connection between the feed opening and the outlet opening is formed here exclusively by the channels.
    A particularly easy to manufacture embodiment provides that the at least two channels are formed as holes in the susceptor formed from a solid body.
    This allows a simple and rapid production of the suzeptors according to the invention. If two or more sections are provided with different sized cross sections, it is preferably provided that all sections are formed as bores.
    It is preferably provided that the susceptor comprises a plurality of mutually parallel channels which are distributed uniformly over the cross section of the susceptor. A uniform distribution of the channels enables the most uniform possible heating of the rock or the melt, whereby the efficiency of the furnace can be further increased.
    In order to support the entry of the rock to be melted into the channels, it is preferably provided that at least one of the channels has a chamfer or an inlet cone in the region of the opening facing the feed opening.
    The melting furnace according to the invention allows a continuous melting process, in which lumpy feed material is added approximately to the extent of sinking and possibly discharging the liquid melt.
    Furthermore, it is preferably provided that in the region of the outlet opening, a further heating device is arranged, which preferably comprises a further susceptor. Because the further heating device is arranged in the area of the outlet opening, only the quantity intended for direct pouring is heated to the corresponding temperature. In this preferred embodiment, therefore, two heaters are provided, wherein the first heater, the inventive
    The susceptor with channels serves to melt the abandoned rock in the furnace main chamber, the melt having a first temperature of e.g. 1,500 ° C reached. With the second, further heating device, the melt is now heated to a second temperature, which is higher than the first temperature, of e.g. 1.700-1.750 ° C brought to melt the inclusions still contained in the melt or formulate so that they form a homogeneous phase with the rest of the melt. In order not to have to bring the total amount of melt, which is present in the furnace to the second temperature and to avoid the associated with the Vorrätighalten the entire amount at the high temperature level energy loss, preferably only a portion of the melt is heated to the second temperature namely, the melt located in the region of the second heating device.
    A particularly preferred embodiment provides that a further chamber surrounding the outlet opening is provided which can be heated by means of the further heating device. Particularly preferably, the further chamber is formed by the further heating device. The oven is thus divided into two chambers. In the furnace main chamber, the feedstock is melted down and the melt is brought to the first temperature. In the further chamber, which is preferably arranged in the furnace main chamber, the melt produced in the furnace main chamber is heated to the second temperature. The main furnace chamber and the further chamber are in this case connected to each other by means of at least one channel, so that the melt obtained in the main furnace chamber flow into the further chamber and can be discharged from there via the outlet opening.
    The melting furnace is preferably designed as a rotationally symmetrical body, wherein both the furnace main chamber and the possibly provided further chamber are rotationally symmetrical. Optionally, the furnace main chamber and the further chamber are preferably arranged concentrically. The melting furnace preferably has a constant cross section. Alternatively, the furnace may have a downwardly decreasing cross-section.
    It is preferably provided that an induction coil is arranged around the melting furnace in order to provide a magnetic alternating field for inductive heating of the susceptor. If a further susceptor is arranged in the region of the outlet opening, each susceptor may have its own induction coil or the two heating devices may be heated by a single, common induction coil. In the case of separate design of the induction coils, each heating device can work with a respectively adapted frequency and / or a matched current intensity in order to be able to set the heating power separately
    Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the susceptor comprises graphite or consists of graphite. Graphite is extremely resistant, very workable and can be heated to about 3000 ° C, so it is ideal for the application of the invention. Alternatively, the susceptor may be made of or include another conductive material, such as stainless steel, molybdenum, silicon carbide or aluminum. The susceptor does not have to be made entirely of conductive material. For example. only the surfaces of a conductive
    Material such as graphite and the core made of a different material. However, it is preferably provided that the entire susceptor consists essentially of one or more conductive materials.
    For the arrangement of the susceptor is preferably provided that the susceptor is supported by a substantially arranged on the edge of the furnace support member. This support element is preferably a closed frame, the shape of which approximates the cross-section of the main chamber of the melting furnace and, for example, is annular, so that it can be arranged on the wall of the melting furnace.
    Particularly preferably, the melting furnace in the region of the outlet opening on a pot-shaped insert, in which the outlet opening is formed. The bottom of the insert preferably lies substantially on the bottom of the melting furnace and the side walls of the insert preferably extend along the side walls of the melting furnace. The susceptor may be supported on the sidewalls of the insert, or if a support member is provided, the support member may be supported on the sidewalls of the insert and in turn support the susceptor.
    Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the outlet opening has a closure, which preferably comprises a float. The floating body has a lower density than the molten rock, which is in particular less than 2.4 kg / dm3, preferably less than 2.0 kg / dm3, in particular 1.7 kg / dm3. The float preferably comprises graphite or consists of graphite. The float preferably comprises a plate-shaped
    Section and a cone-shaped section. The conical section has in this case a substantially same opening angle as the outlet opening, so that the conical section together with the outlet opening in the closed state forms sealing surfaces which effectively close the outlet opening.
    Furthermore, the side of the susceptor facing the feed opening is preferably curved so that the rock filled in through the feed opening is transported to the channels due to gravity. This avoids that the rock or the rock melt accumulates in dead areas on the susceptor and does not pass through the channels and subsequently can not be removed from the furnace via the outlet opening.
    The invention further relates to the use of a melting furnace according to the invention for producing a rock melt, in particular basalt melt for rock wool production.
    The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown schematically in the drawing. 1 shows an embodiment according to the invention of the melting furnace in cross section, and FIG. 2 shows the embodiment according to FIG. 1 in a perspective view.
    In Fig. 1, an inventive furnace 1 is shown in cross section. The melting furnace 1 is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the axis 2 and has a constant cross-section. Alternatively, the melting furnace 1 may be downwardly decreasing
    Have cross-section. The filling with lumpy rock takes place via the feed opening 3. In the region of the bottom 4, the melting furnace 1 has a cup-shaped insert 5, on which the outlet opening 6 is formed. The outlet opening 6 opens into a drain channel. 7
    The melting furnace 1 comprises a furnace main chamber 8 into which the lumpy feed material is introduced via the feed opening 3. In the furnace main chamber 8, a susceptor 9 is arranged, which has a plurality of channels 10, each of which connect the feed opening 3 with the outlet opening 6.
    The channels 10 each have a first portion 11 and a second portion 12. The first section 11 has a larger cross-section than the second section 12. In this case, both sections 11, 12 are formed as bores in the susceptor 9 formed from a solid body.
    The channels 10 are uniformly distributed over the cross section of the susceptor 9. Furthermore, the channels 10 in the region of the opening 3 facing the opening one
    Bevel 13 on.
    Around the melting furnace 1, an induction coil 14 is arranged to provide an alternating magnetic field for inductive heating of the susceptor 9. By heating the susceptor 9, the rock in the furnace can be heated and melted.
    In the region of the outlet opening 6, a further heating device 15 is arranged, which, for example, is designed as a further susceptor. The further heating device 15 can likewise be heated by the magnetic alternating field provided by the induction coil 14.
    As a result, the region of the outlet opening 6 can be additionally heated, for example to bring the melt to a higher temperature before being discharged from the melting furnace 1 in order to facilitate dispensing.
    The further heating device 15 now defines, together with the insert 5, a further chamber 16, which surrounds the outlet opening 6. The furnace main chamber 8 and the further chamber 16 communicate with each other via channels 17 formed in the further heating device.
    In order to close or open the outlet opening 6, a closure is provided, which has a float 18 in the illustrated embodiment. The floating body 18 comprises a plate-shaped portion 19 and a conical portion 20. The conical portion 20 has a substantially same opening angle as the outlet opening 6, so that the conical portion 20 together with the outlet opening 6 in the closed state forms sealing surfaces which the outlet opening. 6 close effectively. As soon as there is enough rock melt in the region of the outlet opening 6, the floating body 18, which has a lower density than the melt, is raised and the outlet opening 6 is released. Once the melt has been removed, the float 18 sinks back into the outlet opening 6 and closes it.
    The susceptor 9 rests on a support element 21, which is supported by the insert 5. The support element 21 is in this case annular and supports the susceptor 9 in the edge region.
    FIG. 2 shows a perspective cross-sectional view of the melting furnace 1 according to FIG. 1. It can be seen that the channels 10 are evenly distributed over the susceptor 9 and that the melting furnace 1 is rotationally symmetrical about the axis 2.
    In operation, rock is introduced into the furnace main chamber 8 via the feed opening 3 and falls on the susceptor 9 and in particular partially into the channels 10. The channels 10 are relatively narrow, so that the ratio of
    Channel wall surface is large to the channel volume and therefore a relatively large effective susceptor surface for heat transfer is available. This can shorten the duration of the melting process. Due to the change in cross section formed between sections 11 and 12, the rock can not immediately fall through the channels 10, but remains in it until it has been at least partially melted. Subsequently, the rock melt flows into the lower region of the furnace main chamber 8 and through the channels 17 in the further chamber 16. There, the melt is heated to a higher temperature and then removed via the opening 6 and the drain channel 7 from the furnace 1.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    claims:
    1. A melting furnace for producing a rock melt for rock wool production, comprising a furnace main chamber with a feed opening for discharging the lumpy feed, an outlet opening for discharging the molten stone and a heater for heating the furnace main chamber, characterized in that the heating device comprises an inductively heatable susceptor ( 9), which has at least two channels (10) which each connect the feed opening (3) with the outlet opening (6).
    [2]
    2. Melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the channels (10) in the outlet opening (6) facing the end region has a narrowed cross-section.
    [3]
    3. Melting furnace according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that 'at least one of the channels (10) has a first portion (11) having a first, larger cross section and a second portion (12) having a second, smaller cross section, wherein the second portion (12) faces the outlet opening (6).
    [4]
    4. melting furnace according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the susceptor (9) is designed such that the feed opening (3) with the outlet opening (6) exclusively via the at least two channels (10) is connected.
    [5]
    5. Melting furnace according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the susceptor (9) completely fills the cross section of the furnace main chamber (8).
    [6]
    6. Melting furnace according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the at least two channels (10) are formed as bores in the susceptor (9) formed from a solid body.
    [7]
    7. Melting furnace according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the susceptor (9) comprises a plurality of mutually parallel channels (10) which are evenly distributed over the cross section of the susceptor (9).
    [8]
    8. Melting furnace according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one of the channels (10) in the region of the feed opening (3) facing the opening has a chamfer (13) or an inlet cone.
    [9]
    9. Melting furnace according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the region of the outlet opening (6), a further heating device (15) is arranged, which preferably comprises a further susceptor.
    [10]
    10. Melting furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that the outlet opening (6) surrounding another chamber (16) is provided, which is heated by means of the further heating device (15).
    [11]
    11. Melting furnace according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that around the melting furnace (1) an induction coil (14) is arranged to provide a magnetic alternating field for inductive heating of the susceptor (9).
    [12]
    12. Melting furnace according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the susceptor (9) comprises graphite or consists of graphite.
    [13]
    13. melting furnace according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the susceptor (9) is supported by a substantially at the edge of the melting furnace (1) arranged supporting element (21).
    [14]
    14. Melting furnace according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the outlet opening (6) has a closure, which preferably comprises a floating body (18).
    [15]
    15. Use of the melting furnace according to one of claims 1 to 14 for producing a rock melt, in particular basalt melt for rock wool production.
    类似技术:
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    DE1596577A1|1971-03-04|Method and device for producing fibers, in particular glass fibers
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    DE1166981B|1964-04-02|Method and apparatus for melting glass in an electric furnace
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    DE19538048C2|2000-10-12|Device for drying and heating coal to be fed from a coke oven
    DE1596552C3|1977-09-22|Device for producing threads from mineral material, preferably glass threads
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    EP1241283A1|2002-09-18|Device for producing fibrous synthetic materials
    WO1996038390A1|1996-12-05|Process and device for the parallel processing of molten and fritted glass in glass wool manufacture
    AT109798B|1928-05-25|Method and device for the production of glass plates.
    DE3105129A1|1982-01-14|EQUIPMENT OF TAPE HOLE OF A MELTING FURNACE FOR NON-METAL MATERIALS
    AT246948B|1966-05-10|Electrical melting device with direct resistance heating for preferably high-melting materials such as glass, rock, minerals and the like. Like., In particular for the production of threads or fibers
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT519235B1|2018-05-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4174462A|1978-03-30|1979-11-13|Pearce Michael L|Induction furnaces for high temperature continuous melting applications|
    DE2842586A1|1978-09-29|1980-04-17|Siemens Ag|METHOD FOR PRODUCING LOW-FIBER LOW-DAMPING AND HIGH NUMERICAL APERTURE|
    DD226868A1|1984-09-03|1985-09-04|Glasindustrie Waermetech Inst|OVEN FOR MELTING AND CONTROLLING SILICATED MATERIALS, ESPECIALLY GLASS|
    US5698124A|1995-05-18|1997-12-16|Lucent Technologies Inc.|Magnesia fiber draw furnace|
    JP2003321232A|2002-05-01|2003-11-11|Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd|Method and device for processing glass article|
    AT521245B1|2018-08-28|2019-12-15|Ib Eng Gmbh|furnace|
    法律状态:
    2019-09-15| PC| Change of the owner|Owner name: IB ENGINEERING GMBH, AT Effective date: 20190730 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA116/2017A|AT519235B1|2017-03-21|2017-03-21|furnace|ATA116/2017A| AT519235B1|2017-03-21|2017-03-21|furnace|
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