• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The length-adjustable connecting rod for a reciprocating engine comprises a hydraulic length adjustment device (20) for adjusting an effective connecting rod length (L) of the connecting rod and a hydraulic medium supply line (30) for supplying hydraulic fluid to the length adjustment device (20). The length adjustment device (20) has a first hydraulic cylinder (21), a piston (22) and a first (23) and a second (24) hydraulic working space. The connecting rod has a control device (40) for controlling the length adjustment device (20) which controls a hydraulic medium inflow from the hydraulic medium supply line (30) into the first and second working chambers (23, 24). The connecting rod comprises at least one second hydraulic cylinder (80) with a mass piston (81) for generating an additional hydraulic pressure component in the first hydraulic cylinder (21) of the length adjustment device (20), wherein the mass force piston (81) by a mass force occurring in the second hydraulic cylinder (80) displaceable is.
    公开号:AT519156A1
    申请号:T50886/2016
    申请日:2016-09-30
    公开日:2018-04-15
    发明作者:Redouane Abdelkarim
    申请人:Avl List Gmbh；Iwis Motorsysteme Gmbh & Co Kg；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Length adjustable connecting rod for a reciprocating engine, reciprocating engine and vehicle
    The present invention relates to a length-adjustable connecting rod for a reciprocating engine, in particular for a reciprocating internal combustion engine, wherein the connecting rod has a hydraulic Längenverstellvorrichtung for adjusting an effective connecting rod length of the connecting rod and a Hydraulikmediumzuleitung for hydraulic supply of hydraulic medium to Längenverstellvorrichtung, the Längenverstellvorrichtung at least one first hydraulic cylinder, at least one Piston and a first hydraulic working space and a second hydraulic working space has.
    Furthermore, the present invention relates to a reciprocating engine, in particular a reciprocating internal combustion engine with at least one length-adjustable connecting rod and a vehicle with a reciprocating piston engine, in particular with a reciprocating internal combustion engine.
    As a connecting rod in the context of the invention, the rod-like connecting element is referred to, which connects the crankshaft of the reciprocating piston engine with a reciprocating piston in a reciprocating engine. The connecting rod serves to convert a linear movement of the reciprocating piston, in particular a linear oscillating axial movement of the reciprocating piston, which is usually a power or working piston, in a circular movement of the crankshaft, or conversely, a circular movement To convert the crankshaft into a linear movement of the reciprocating piston.
    As a crankshaft in the context of the invention, a shaft is understood which is adapted to implement in a reciprocating the linear oscillating movement, in particular the translational movement of one or more reciprocating piston by means of connecting rods in a rotary motion or vice versa, the rotational movement of the crankshaft in a to translate translational motion.
    For connection to the reciprocating piston and the crankshaft, the connecting rod usually has at its two ends in each case a connecting rod bearing, usually in the form of a connecting rod, the connecting rod usually having a smaller connecting rod eye on the piston end and a larger connecting rod eye on the crankshaft end, based on a functional installation state of a connecting rod in a reciprocating engine. By means of a piston pin, which is mounted in the small connecting rod eye, then a piston can be connected to the piston end of the connecting rod. About the larger connecting rod eye can
    Connecting rod are connected to the crankshaft, wherein in the larger connecting rod usually designed as a plain bearing connecting rod bearing is arranged, which is lubricated with hydraulic fluid, in particular with the engine oil of a reciprocating engine.
    The connecting rod is usually mounted in each case rotatable about an axis of rotation about the crankshaft and the piston pin, wherein the distance between the two axes of rotation defines an effective or effective connecting rod length. By changing the effective connecting rod length, in particular by adjusting the effective connecting rod length, the compression ratio can be changed in a reciprocating engine, since the change of the effective connecting rod length causes a shift of the top dead center of the piston movement. Length adjustable connecting rods are used in particular in reciprocating engines with variable compression ratio for adjusting the compression ratio. Changing the compression ratio by changing the effective connecting rod length is basically known from the prior art, for example from DE 10 2012 020 999 A1 or WO 2015/055582 A2.
    The length-adjustable connecting rod described in DE 10 2012 020 999 A1 has an eccentric arranged in the smaller connecting rod eye, wherein two hydraulic cylinders are provided for adjusting the eccentric at least partially outside the connecting rod shaft, which are supplied with hydraulic fluid from the reciprocating engine with engine oil. To control the two hydraulic cylinders and thus for length adjustment of the connecting rod, a control device is provided with two valves, by means of which the two hydraulic cylinders can be acted upon in each case with hydraulic medium that adjusts the desired change in the connecting rod length.
    A length-adjustable connecting rod with a hydraulic length adjustment device is known from WO 2015/055582 A2, wherein the connecting rod is divided into a first connecting rod shaft section and into a second connecting rod shaft section, wherein the two connecting rod shaft sections are guided relative to each other along a longitudinal axis of the connecting rod, in particular telescopically, or are displaceable, and wherein one of the two connecting rod shaft sections forms a hydraulic cylinder and the other connecting rod shaft portion forms an associated hydraulic piston. To control the length adjusting a hydraulically actuated control device is provided with a perpendicular to the crankshaft axis in a longitudinal center plane of the connecting rod axially displaceable single-acting actuator piston as an actuating element. The actuator piston can functionally appropriate
    Use state of the connecting rod in a reciprocating engine by means of applied in an associated reciprocating engine engine oil pressure against a restoring force generated by a spring are moved axially from a first control position to a second control position, depending on the control position of the control piston one or more hydraulic flows or drains of the hydraulic length adjustment are released or blocked. About the spring stiffness of the return spring can be adjusted from which engine oil pressure displacement of the actuating piston is to be effected from the first control position to the second control position.
    In such connecting rods with hydraulically assisted Längenverstellmechanismen arise during operation in a reciprocating engine, especially in a reciprocating internal combustion engine, during a power stroke high hydraulic working pressures in the hydraulic working spaces of Längenverstellvorrichtung, which make high demands on the sealing of the hydraulic working spaces of Längenverstellvorrichtung. Even small leaks, i. even a leakage of small amounts of hydraulic medium, can lead to a pressure reduction in the respective working space of the hydraulic length adjustment and thus to a compression or even an undesirable length adjustment of the connecting rod. This problem can increase, especially at high speeds.
    Against this background, it is an object of the invention to provide an alternative, length-adjustable connecting rod for a reciprocating engine, in particular an improved length-adjustable connecting rod. Preferably should be made possible by a precise holding a set, effective Pleuellänge and in particular an undesirable length adjustment can be avoided. Moreover, it is an object of the invention to provide an alternative reciprocating engine, in particular an improved reciprocating engine, and an alternative vehicle, in particular an improved vehicle, with a reciprocating engine.
    These objects are achieved by the teachings of the independent claims. Preferred developments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims and are explained in more detail below. The wording of the claims becomes part of the description.
    An inventive length-adjustable connecting rod is characterized in that the connecting rod has at least one second hydraulic cylinder with a mass piston for generating an additional hydraulic pressure in the first hydraulic cylinder of the length adjustment, wherein the mass piston force is displaced by an occurring inertial force in the second hydraulic cylinder.
    As a mass piston in the context of the invention, a piston is referred to, which is movable or displaceable by occurring inertia forces in the associated hydraulic cylinder, the mass forces arise as a result of inertia of the mass piston when the mass piston is accelerated, for example, during a working stroke of the connecting rod the mass piston acting accelerations, in particular by centrifugal forces. The second hydraulic cylinder with the mass piston thus acts as a kind of "centrifugal pump", even if it is not a pump in the true sense.
    By means of the second hydraulic cylinder can be generated in a simple manner, namely taking advantage of inertial forces, an additional hydraulic pressure component, in particular in the form of pressure pulses. In a suitably suitable design of the second hydraulic cylinder, in particular in a correspondingly suitable dimensioning of the second hydraulic cylinder with the mass piston arranged therein, and a correspondingly suitable, fluidkommunizierenden connection of the second hydraulic cylinder with the first hydraulic cylinder resulting from small leaks pressure losses in the first hydraulic cylinder of the length adjustment at least partially, in some cases even completely, and avoiding an undesirable change in the effective length of the connecting rod. In particular, can be very effectively avoided in this way a "pumping" or "springs" of the length adjustment.
    Another advantage of the inventive solution, in particular a connecting rod according to the invention is that by exploiting the occurring during a power stroke, large accelerations no additional energy required to generate the pressure equalization required, additional hydraulic pressure component is required, such as would require (additional) pump ,
    The length adjustment device of a connecting rod according to the invention can basically be designed in various ways, for example as described in WO 2015/055582 A2, in PCT / EP2016 / 064193, in PCT / EP2016 / 069094 or Austrian patent application A50757 / 2016 which is hereby expressly referred to for further details on the design and the operation of an advantageous for a connecting rod according to the invention Längenverstellvorrichtung and an advantageous for controlling the length adjustment control device.
    Preferably, a connecting rod according to the invention has a first connecting rod shaft section and a second connecting rod shaft section, wherein preferably the two connecting rod shaft sections are displaceable relative to each other for adjusting an effective connecting rod length, in particular along a longitudinal axis of the connecting rod.
    Particularly preferably, the two connecting rod shaft sections are telescopically displaceable for adjusting an effective connecting rod length, preferably along the longitudinal axis of the connecting rod, wherein in particular one of the two connecting rod shaft sections forms the (first) hydraulic cylinder of the length adjustment device and is fastened to the other connecting rod shaft section of the piston of the length adjustment device.
    If a connecting rod according to the invention has a control device for controlling the length adjustment device, the control device is preferably designed such that in a first switching state of the control device a hydraulic medium return from the first hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device is blocked and the second working space is drained and in a second Switching state of the control device, the first working space is drained and a hydraulic fluid return is blocked from the first working space.
    The required hydraulic supply is preferably via the hydraulic medium supply line, wherein the hydraulic medium supply line preferably hydraulic medium via the crankshaft-side connecting rod bearing is supplied.
    The first hydraulic cylinder of the length adjustment device does not have to be a cylinder in the mathematical sense, but a hydraulic cylinder in the sense of the invention may also have a cross-section deviating from a circular shape over its axial length. It is only important that the first hydraulic cylinder and the piston of the length adjustment device are designed in such a way, in particular in such a way that the required for the length adjustment functionality is achieved.
    In an advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the massing piston is arranged to be movable in the axial direction in the second hydraulic cylinder, the massing piston preferably dividing the second hydraulic cylinder into at least one first hydraulic working space and a second hydraulic working space.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention the second hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the connecting rod such that its longitudinal axis is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the connecting rod, wherein the second hydraulic cylinder is preferably arranged in a longitudinal center plane of the connecting rod. By means of such an arrangement of the second hydraulic cylinder in the connecting rod particularly high mass forces and consequently a particularly high, additional hydraulic pressure component can be generated, since especially in the upstroke and downstroke of the connecting rod, the accelerations occurring are particularly large, so that in particular during the up and high centrifugal forces act on the mass piston in the downstroke.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the second hydraulic cylinder is a double-acting or double-acting hydraulic cylinder, wherein the grounding force piston is preferably formed by a ground bolt and in particular has two equal effective areas.
    The mass piston is preferably designed as a cylindrical bolt. The mass piston, however, may also have an angular or otherwise geometrically configured cross-section, the second hydraulic cylinder and the mass piston especially only for fulfilling the function according to the invention, namely the generation of an additional hydraulic pressure component by means of external forces, in particular by means of the centrifugal forces occurring during a power stroke, must be formed and the second hydraulic cylinder preferably has a corresponding to the mass force piston geometry formed.
    It has proved to be advantageous if an effective surface of the massing piston preferably has a surface corresponding to a circular area with a diameter of 1 mm to 10 mm, preferably a circular area with a diameter of 1.5 mm to 5 mm, in particular with a diameter from 2 mm to 3 mm. The mass piston can have over its entire length in the axial direction a constant cross section, but also a variable over its length cross-section.
    Preferably, the massing piston has a length of about 5 mm to about 50 mm, in particular from about 5 mm to about 40 mm, more preferably from about 10 mm to about 30 mm and particularly preferably from about 15 mm to 20 mm.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the second hydraulic cylinder is fluid-communicating with the hydraulic medium supply line connected or connectable, preferably via a check valve. This can ensure that the second hydraulic cylinder can always be adequately supplied with hydraulic medium, in particular always sufficiently filled with hydraulic medium and thus reliably an additional hydraulic pressure component can be generated. By means of the check valve between the second hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic medium supply line, a return flow of hydraulic medium from the second hydraulic cylinder can be avoided so that a corresponding, additional hydraulic pressure component can be built up.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention the second hydraulic cylinder is fluid communicating with the first hydraulic working space of the length adjustment and / or the second hydraulic working space of the length adjustment connected or connectable. Depending on which hydraulic working space of the length adjusting device the second hydraulic cylinder is connected or connectable in a fluid-communicating manner, the additional hydraulic pressure component generated by means of the second hydraulic cylinder can be transmitted to the first hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device or to the second hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device and in each case an additional hydraulic pressure component into the hydraulic system respective hydraulic working space can be introduced. As a result, small pressure losses, for example, pressure losses resulting from leaks, at least partially, in some cases even completely, be compensated and avoided as a result undesirable length adjustment of the connecting rod or reduced.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the first hydraulic working space of the second hydraulic cylinder is in each case fluid-communicatingly connected or connectable to a hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device and the hydraulic medium supply line, in particular via a non-return valve, wherein preferably the second, i. the other, hydraulic working space of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected in fluid communication with a drain or can be connected, in particular via a throttle valve. In other words, that means that the first hydraulic working space of the second hydraulic cylinder is preferably simultaneously connected or connectable in fluid communication with both a hydraulic working chamber of the length adjusting device and with the hydraulic medium supply line, in particular via a check valve, and the second, other hydraulic working space of the second hydraulic cylinder drained second hydraulic cylinder, in particular via a throttle valve. The drainage of the second or other hydraulic working space of the second hydraulic cylinder is required to allow filling of the first hydraulic working space of the second hydraulic cylinder by suction of hydraulic medium with hydraulic medium, which is a prerequisite for a pressure required to generate the additional hydraulic pressure portion.
    Under a drainage is understood in the context of the invention, a hydraulic fluid flow, by means of which hydraulic medium can be removed from a hydraulic working space for pressure reduction.
    In a connecting rod according to the invention preferably at least one drainage is designed to dissipate hydraulic medium in a crank chamber of a reciprocating engine, in particular in the crankcase of a reciprocating internal combustion engine, based on a functional installation state of the connecting rod in a reciprocating engine.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention of a piston-side end of the connecting rod facing hydraulic working space of the second hydraulic cylinder each with a hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device and the hydraulic medium supply fluidkommunizierend connected or connectable, in particular via a check valve, and a crankshaft end of the Pleuels facing hydraulic working space of the second hydraulic cylinder is preferably connected to a drainage fluid communicating or connectable, in particular via a throttle valve. In particular, the hydraulic working space of the second hydraulic cylinder facing the piston end of the connecting rod forms the first hydraulic working space of the second hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic working space of the second hydraulic cylinder facing the crankshaft end of the connecting rod forms the second hydraulic working space.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the connecting rod has a third hydraulic cylinder with a mass piston, wherein preferably the second hydraulic cylinder is fluid communicating with the first hydraulic working space of the length adjustment connected or connectable and preferably the third hydraulic cylinder with the second hydraulic working space of Längenverstellvorrichtung
    Locking device. In other words, in another advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention two hydraulic cylinders, each with a mass piston, in particular each with a freely movable in the hydraulic cylinder arranged Massekraftkolben provided, each one of the two hydraulic cylinders is assigned to the first hydraulic working space of Längenverstellvorrichtung and the other hydraulic cylinder the second hydraulic working space of the length adjustment. Preferably, the third hydraulic cylinder is formed with the mass piston while the second hydraulic cylinder and connected in an analogous manner with the associated hydraulic working space of Längenverstellvorrichtung fluid communication or connectable and also in an analogous manner with the hydraulic medium supply line and the drainage.
    In an alternative but also advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the second hydraulic cylinder is fluid-communicating with the first hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device and simultaneously communicating with the second hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device so as to be connected in a fluid-communicating manner. That is, the second hydraulic cylinder is provided in this case to generate an additional Hyd raulikdruckanteil both in the first hydraulic working space of the length adjustment and in the second hydraulic working space of the length adjustment.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention in this case the first hydraulic working space and the second hydraulic working space of the second hydraulic cylinder are each connected to a hydraulic working space of the length adjusting device and each with the hydraulic medium supply fluidkommunizierend or connectable, in particular via a check valve. In contrast to the previously described, advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, in which the second hydraulic cylinder and the third hydraulic cylinder are each connected only to a hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device, in this case no fluid-communicating connection of the second hydraulic cylinder is required for drainage, since each To be drained hydraulic working space of the second hydraulic cylinder can be preferably drai-ned respectively via the length adjustment accordingly.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the second hydraulic cylinder is designed such that in at least one end position of the
    Massekraftkolbens the first hydraulic working space and / or the second hydraulic working space of the second hydraulic cylinder is filled with a residual volume of hydraulic medium is or remains, the second hydraulic cylinders to preferably at least one stop, which limits a stroke of the mass power piston to a maximum allowable stroke.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention a maximum allowable stroke of the mass piston is less than 5 mm, preferably less than 3 mm, in particular less than 2 mm, wherein the maximum allowable stroke of the mass piston force is preferably between 0.5 mm and 1 mm. Even with very small hydraulic cylinders can be effectively compensated for low pressure losses, for example, resulting from small leaks pressure losses in the length adjustment.
    The mass piston (s) or the mass force pin (s) preferably comprise steel and / or copper and / or titanium or another material of comparable density or is / are formed therefrom. Feature of the materials used are high density and high modulus of elasticity.
    A reciprocating piston engine according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least one inventive connecting rod.
    An inventive vehicle with a reciprocating engine is characterized in that it comprises a reciprocating piston engine according to the invention, in particular a reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the invention.
    These and other features and advantages will become apparent from the claims and from the description also from the drawings, wherein the individual features may be implemented alone or in each case in the form of sub-combinations in an embodiment of the invention and an advantageous as well as for can represent protectable design for which protection is also claimed, if it is technically feasible.
    The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to non-limiting exemplary embodiments, which are illustrated in the figures. In it show at least partially schematically:
    1 shows by way of example a length-adjustable connecting rod with a generic, hydraulic length adjustment device from the prior art in a sectional view,
    2 shows a detail of a first exemplary embodiment of a fly-control system for a connecting rod according to the invention with a second hydraulic cylinder according to the invention with a mass piston,
    3 shows a section of a second embodiment of a hydraulic system for a connecting rod according to the invention with a second hydraulic cylinder according to the invention with a mass piston,
    4 shows a detail of a third embodiment of a hydraulic system for a connecting rod according to the invention with a second and a third hydraulic cylinder according to the invention, each with a mass piston,
    5 shows a section of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a hydraulic system for a connecting rod according to the invention with an alternative, second hydraulic cylinder according to the invention with a mass force piston, and FIG. 6
    Fig. 6 shows the mass piston of FIG. 5 in detail view in side view.
    1 shows a better, fundamental understanding of the operation of a hydraulic length adjustment of a connecting rod according to the invention a known from the prior art connecting rod 1 with an advantageous embodiment of a suitable for a connecting rod according to the invention, hydraulic Längenverstellvorrichtung 20 with a first hydraulic cylinder 21, a piston 22, a first hydraulic working space 23 and a second hydraulic working space 24.
    The connecting rod 1 has a split connecting rod with a first Pleuelschaftabschnitt 2 and a second Pleuelschaftabschnitt 3, wherein at a piston end of the connecting rod 1 and the first Pleuelschaftabschnittes 2 for connection to a reciprocating piston engine, in particular a reciprocating internal combustion engine, a smaller connecting rod 4 is provided is and at a crankshaft end of the connecting rod 1 and the second Pleuelschaftabschnittes 3 a larger connecting rod 5 for connecting the connecting rod 1 to a crankshaft of the reciprocating engine. The crankshaft is not shown in Fig. 1; its longitudinal axis, the crankshaft axis KW, is normal to a longitudinal axis A of the connecting rod 1 or normal to the leaf plane of Fig. 1. A longitudinal center plane of
    Connecting rod 1 extends through the longitudinal axis A of the connecting rod 1 and normal to the crankshaft axis, ie substantially parallel to or coincident with the plane of the sheet of FIG. 1.
    The first connecting rod shaft section 2 and the second connecting rod shaft section 3 are telescopically slidable along the longitudinal axis A of the connecting rod 1, the piston 22 of the length adjustment device 20 being fastened to the upper connecting rod shaft section 2 and the lower connecting rod shaft section 3 constituting the hydraulic cylinder 21 of the length adjustment device 20 in which Piston 22 of the length adjustment device 20 is slidably mounted along the longitudinal axis A of the connecting rod 1. Depending on the position of the piston 22 of the length adjustment device 20 in the first hydraulic cylinder 21 of the length adjustment 20, another effective or effective connecting rod length L sets, which is defined by the distance of the axes of rotation of the connecting rod 1 to the piston pin or to the crankshaft. By the maximum possible stroke of the piston 22 of the length adjustment device 20, a maximum change AL of the effective or effective connecting rod length L is determined.
    The piston 22 of the length adjustment device 20 is designed as a double-acting piston 22, wherein the piston 22 of the length adjustment with the first hydraulic cylinder 21 of the length adjustment 20 defines a first hydraulic working space 23 and a second hydraulic working space 24.
    Of course, the length adjustment of a connecting rod according to the invention may also be deviating from the exemplary illustrated in Fig. 1 and explained with reference to this Längenverstellvorrichtung, and for example as described in DE 10 2012 020 999 A1 be formed.
    For controlling the length adjustment device 20, the connecting rod 1 shown in FIG. 1, as is customary, has a control device 40 which controls a hydraulic medium flow from a hydraulic medium supply line 30 into the first hydraulic working space 23 and the second hydraulic working space 24 of the length adjustment device 20.
    An inventive connecting rod preferably also has a control device for controlling the length adjustment device. The control device of a connecting rod according to the invention can in principle be designed in various ways and ways. However, the control device is preferably designed as a control device described in WO 2015/055582 A2, in PCT / EP2016 / 064193, in PCT / EP2016 / 069094 or in Austrian patent application A50757 / 2016, wherein the control devices described in the first two documents WO No. 2015/055582 A2 and the control devices described in PCT / EP2016 / 064193 can be actuated hydraulically in each case as a function of an engine oil pressure present in a reciprocating piston engine, while the control device described in PCT / EP2016 / 069094 is actuated by means of an additional, electromagnetically operable hydraulic switching valve can be and the controller described in A507575 / 2016 is adapted to be actuated by means of a mechanically actuated, hydraulic switching valve.
    The control device 40 for controlling the length adjustment device 20 exemplified in FIG. 1 for a better basic understanding of the operation of a control device suitable for a connecting rod according to the invention has a first valve V1 and a second valve V2, each with a valve body arranged in a valve chamber, which is here each unspecified, wherein the valve body can be pressed in each case by a restoring force against a likewise unspecified valve seat.
    In this case, the first valve chamber of the first valve V1 is fluidly connected to the first hydraulic working chamber 23 of the length adjustment device 20 via a first hydraulic channel 25 and the second valve chamber of the second valve V2 is connected via a second hydraulic channel 26 to the second hydraulic working chamber 24 of the length adjustment device 20th
    The valve body of the two valves V1 and V2 of the control device 40 are connected via a common, at least between a first position and a second position axially displaceable, unspecified connecting rod, which is fixedly connected to a control piston, operatively connected to each other, wherein in the first position of Connecting rod or the actuating piston of the first valve body and in the second position of the second valve body is lifted by the connecting rod counter to a restoring force from the associated first and second valve seat. As a result, the respective associated hydraulic working space 23 or 24 of the length adjustment device 20 is drai-ned, since hydraulic medium can flow through the respective valve V1 and V2 of the control device 40.
    In each case in the other position of the connecting rod or of the adjusting piston, the first valve body rests on the first valve seat and the second valve body on the second valve seat. As a result, a hydraulic fluid return from the associated hydraulic working chamber 23 and 24 is blocked. Depending on whether the hydraulic fluid return from the first hydraulic working space 23 of the length adjustment device is blocked and the second hydraulic working space 24 of the length adjustment device is drained or vice versa, either a short or a long effective connecting rod length L is established.
    The actuating piston of the control device 40, which is also not designated, it takes in response to a pressure applied to the actuator piston hydraulic medium pressure, which usually corresponds to a voltage applied in the reciprocating internal combustion engine engine oil pressure, the first control position or the second control position, wherein the hydraulic medium on the Hydraulic medium supply line 30 is supplied to the adjusting piston and the adjusting piston is axially displaceable in a direction counter to a restoring force. In other words, the effective connecting rod length L and thus the associated compression ratio adjusts itself to a connecting rod with a previously described control device 40 as a function of a hydraulic medium pressure present in the reciprocating piston engine, in particular as a function of an applied engine oil pressure.
    At a low pressure level of the hydraulic pressure is not sufficient to move the actuating piston axially against the restoring force, so that the actuating piston occupies the first actuating position, whereby a first effective connecting rod length L is established. At a sufficiently high pressure level, the restoring force can be overcome, the actuating piston assumes the second actuating position and a second effective connecting rod length L adjusts itself.
    Of course, the control device of a connecting rod according to the invention may also be designed deviating from the control device illustrated by way of example in FIG. 1 and explained with reference thereto and, for example, as described in DE 10 2012 020 999 A1. For further detailed explanations regarding design possibilities of length adjustment devices and control devices for a connecting rod according to the invention, reference is made in particular to the aforementioned WO 2015/055582 A2, PCT / EP2016 / 064193, PCT / EP2016 / 069094 and the aforementioned A50757 / 2016.
    On the one hand to increase the pressure in the working chamber 23 and 24, so that a better stability of the set connecting rod length L can be achieved, and on the other unwanted pressure losses or pressure reduction, which may arise for example by small leaks or the like, in the respective non-drained hydraulic Working space 23 or 24 of the length adjustment 20 to compensate at least partially and thus to reduce or avoid unwanted length adjustment of the effective connecting rod length L, an inventive connecting rod in addition to the first hydraulic cylinder 21 of the length adjustment 20, a second hydraulic cylinder with a therein by a ground force displaceable mass piston on.
    2 shows a detail of a first exemplary embodiment of a hydraulic system 100 of a connecting rod according to the invention, with a previously described length adjustment device 20 having a first hydraulic cylinder 21, a piston 22 displaceable therein along the longitudinal axis B of the connecting rod, the two hydraulic working chambers 23 and 24 of the length adjustment device, a previously described, generic control device 40 for controlling the length adjustment and with a previously described second hydraulic cylinder 80 according to the invention with a mass piston 81.
    The first hydraulic working chamber 23 of the length adjustment device 20 can be provided, as in the connecting rod shown in FIG. 1, from the hydraulic medium supply line 30 via the first valve V1 and the first hydraulic channel 25 with hydraulic medium and drained via the control device 40 and the drainage 31A In this case, between the first valve V1 of the control device 40 and the first hydraulic working chamber 23, a throttle valve 60A is provided. Furthermore, the first hydraulic working space 23 can be supplied with hydraulic medium starting from the hydraulic medium supply line 30 via the hydraulic line 27 and the two check valves 70A and 70B.
    The second hydraulic working space 24 of the length adjusting device 20 can be supplied, as in the connecting rod shown in Fig. 1, starting from the hydraulic medium supply line 30 via the second valve V2 and the second hydraulic channel 26 with hydraulic medium and also drained via the control device 40 and the drainage 31A be, wherein between the second valve V2 and the second hydraulic working chamber 24, a throttle valve 60B is provided. The second hydraulic working chamber 24 of the lengthwise twisting device 20 can likewise be supplied with hydraulic medium via a further hydraulic line, namely via the hydraulic line 28, starting from the hydraulic medium feed line 30, wherein a check valve 70C is likewise arranged in the hydraulic line 28.
    For the purposes of the present disclosure, a throttle valve is understood to mean either a separate component or a throttling section of a conduit.
    The mass piston 81 is designed as a double-acting piston 81 and along a longitudinal axis B of the second hydraulic cylinder 80, which is parallel to the longitudinal axis A of the connecting rod in this case, freely movable, in particular axially displaceable, disposed within the second hydraulic cylinder 80.
    The arrangement of the second hydraulic cylinder 80 with its longitudinal axis B parallel to the longitudinal axis A of the connecting rod, the accelerations occurring during a power stroke, which are largest in the longitudinal direction of the connecting rod, can be optimally utilized. The second hydraulic cylinder 80 can also be arranged differently oriented in the connecting rod, wherein the second hydraulic cylinder 80 is preferably oriented in the connecting rod arranged so that the highest possible accelerations act on the associated mass piston 81 to generate the largest possible additional hydraulic pressure component.
    The mass piston 81 divides the second hydraulic cylinder 80 into a first hydraulic working chamber 82 of the second hydraulic cylinder 80 and a second hydraulic working chamber 83 of the second hydraulic cylinder 80, wherein the first hydraulic working chamber 82 of the second hydraulic cylinder 80 via the check valve 70 A fluid communicating with a hydraulic medium supply line 30 and the check valve 70B and the hydraulic line 27 are connected to the first hydraulic working space 23 of the hydraulic length adjusting device 20 of the connecting rod according to the invention.
    The second hydraulic working space 83 of the second hydraulic cylinder 80 is connected in fluid communication with a drainage 31B via a throttle valve 60C, by means of which hydraulic medium can be removed from the second hydraulic working space 83 in a crankshaft space for pressure reduction.
    The acceleration occurring during a power stroke during operation of a reciprocating piston engine, in particular during operation of a reciprocating internal combustion engine and acting on the mass piston 81 and the resulting centrifugal forces cause the mass piston 81, which is formed in this case by a small steel bolt 81, in an upstroke of the connecting rod according to the invention due to its inertia in the second hydraulic cylinder 80 moves downward, whereby in the first working chamber 82 of the second hydraulic cylinder, a negative pressure arises and hydraulic medium is sucked through the Hydraulikmediumzuleitung 30 through the check valve 70A into the first hydraulic working chamber 82 of the second hydraulic cylinder 80, while hydraulic fluid is discharged from the second hydraulic working space 83 of the second hydraulic cylinder 80 via the throttle valve 60C into the drainage 31B.
    In the subsequent downward stroke of the mass piston 81 moves due to the forces acting and its inertia upwards, whereby the previously sucked into the first hydraulic working chamber 82 of the second hydraulic cylinder 80 hydraulic medium via the hydraulic line 27 (Figure 2) and the check valve 70 B in the with second hydraulic cylinder 80 fluidkommunizierend connected, first hydraulic working space 23 of the length adjustment 20 is pressed. As a result, an additional hydraulic pressure component is applied to the first hydraulic working space 23 of the length adjustment device 20, in particular a pressure pulse, which leads to pressure increase in the working space 23, and by means of which a small, for example caused by a leakage pressure reduction, at least partially compensated or can be compensated and an undesirable change in the effective connecting rod length can be reduced or even completely avoided. In particular, in this way a "pumping" or "springing" of the connecting rod, in particular a clamping or rebounding of the first, upper connecting rod shaft section 2, can be avoided very effectively.
    In order to achieve an increase in pressure, which can compensate for pressure losses occurring, even small geometric dimensions for the second hydraulic cylinder and the mass piston 81 suffice. Already with a grounding force pin 81, whose active surfaces only have a diameter of about 2 mm, good results can already be achieved. With an exemplary width of the connecting rod of about 25 mm - here by width or conrod width is understood the extension in a direction parallel to the crankshaft - this means that the diameter of the active surfaces in the range of about five to 15 percent, conveniently ten percent the connecting rod width is. For a good effect is achieved while the space required by the weakening of the connecting rod is minimized.
    As an alternative to the section of the hydraulic system 100 shown in FIG. 2 for a connecting rod according to the invention, the second hydraulic cylinder 80 may also be in fluid communication with the second hydraulic working space 24 of the hydraulic length adjustment device 20 instead of the first hydraulic working space 23 of the hydraulic length adjustment device 20 in a connecting rod according to the invention be connected or connectable, as shown in FIG. 3 by way of example with reference to the section of the hydraulic system 200. With the exception of FIG. 2, in which the second hydraulic cylinder 80 in the hydraulic system 200 is in fluid communication with the second hydraulic working space 24 of the hydraulic length adjustment device 20, the hydraulic system 200 of FIG. 3 basically corresponds in design to the hydraulic system 100 of FIG. 2. Hydraulic fluid can be sucked into the first hydraulic working chamber 82 of the second hydraulic cylinder 80 via a check valve 70C and fed via the hydraulic line 28 and a check valve 70D to the second hydraulic working chamber 24 of the length adjusting device, wherein the second hydraulic working chamber 83 of the second hydraulic cylinder 80 via a throttle valve 60D is connected to a drain 31C. In the hydraulic line 27 between the hydraulic medium supply line 30 and the first hydraulic working chamber 23 is in this case only the check valve 70A.
    4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a detail of a hydraulic system 300 for a connecting rod according to the invention, in which case, in addition to the second hydraulic cylinder 80 with the mass force piston 81, a third hydraulic cylinder 90 with a mass force piston 91 is provided. In this case, the second hydraulic cylinder 80 is fluid-communicating with the first hydraulic working chamber 23 of the length adjustment device 20 and the third hydraulic cylinder 90 with the second hydraulic working chamber 24 of the length adjustment device 20th
    The third hydraulic cylinder 90 is analogous to the second hydraulic cylinder 80 and also has a first hydraulic working chamber 92 and a second hydraulic working chamber 93, wherein the first hydraulic working chamber 92 of the third hydraulic cylinder 90 via a check valve 70C fluidkommunizierend with the hydraulic medium supply line 30 and the check valve 70D is fluidly communicating with a hydraulic working space of the length adjuster 20, in this case the second hydraulic working space 24, while the second hydraulic working space 93 of the third hydraulic cylinder 90 is also fluidly communicating with a drain 31C via a throttle valve 60D.
    The second hydraulic cylinder 80 is formed as the second hydraulic cylinder 80 described above with reference to FIG. 2 and fluidly communicating via the check valve 70 A with the hydraulic medium supply line 30 and via the check valve 70 B to the first hydraulic working chamber 23 of the length adjustment device 20 the second hydraulic working space 83 of the second hydraulic cylinder 80 is also connected to the drainage 31B via the throttle valve 60C.
    Using a hydraulic system 300 shown in FIG. 4, an additional hydraulic pressure component can be respectively generated by utilizing the centrifugal force on the first hydraulic working space 23 of the length adjustment device 20 and the second hydraulic working space 24 of the length adjustment device 20, so that at least pressure losses or the like arising, in particular, through leaks partially, preferably completely, in both hydraulic working spaces 23, 24 of the length adjusting device 20 can be compensated and an undesirable length adjustment of the effective or effective connecting rod length L can be reduced or even completely avoided.
    5 shows a section of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a hydraulic system 400 for a connecting rod according to the invention with an alternatively designed, second hydraulic cylinder 80 'according to the invention with an alternately formed mass-force piston 81'. In this case, the second hydraulic cylinder 80 'is designed to generate and apply an additional hydraulic pressure component both for the first hydraulic working space 23 of the length adjustment device 20 and for the second hydraulic working space 24 of the length adjustment device 20.
    The second hydraulic cylinder 80 'also has a first hydraulic working chamber 82' and a second hydraulic working chamber 83 ', which are each connected in fluid communication with the hydraulic medium supply line 30 for sucking in hydraulic medium via a check valve 70A or 70C. The two hydraulic working chambers 82 'and 83' of the second hydraulic cylinder 80 'are also each in fluid communication via a check valve 70B or 70D to the hydraulic working space 23 or 24 of the hydraulic length adjustment device 20 for applying an additional hydraulic pressure portion to the respective hydraulic working space 23 or 24 of the length adjustment device 20 is connected.
    In this case, however, none of the hydraulic working spaces 82 'or 83' of the second hydraulic cylinder 80 'is connected to a drainage - this is not necessary. The respective pressure reduction or, respectively, the drainage takes place via the associated, hydraulic
    Working space 23 or 24 of the length adjustment device 20, which is respectively connected according to fluid communicating with the drainage 31 A connected and then connected.
    In order to avoid a vacuum situation in one of the two hydraulic working chambers 82 'and 83' of the second hydraulic cylinder 80 ', two stops 84 are additionally provided in this second hydraulic cylinder 80' in comparison to the above-described second hydraulic cylinders 80 and the third hydraulic cylinder 90 , by which it can be ensured that in each case in the end positions of the mass piston 81 'a residual volume of hydraulic medium in the hydraulic working chambers 82' and 83 'remains, the stops 84 in particular each limit a stroke of the mass piston 81' to a maximum allowable stroke. The maximum allowable stroke of the mass piston 81 is in the illustrated embodiment between 0.5 mm and 1 mm, in particular about 0.8 mm. The stops 84 are arranged on opposite in one direction along the longitudinal axis B end portions of the hydraulic cylinder 80 '.
    The mass piston 81 'of the hydraulic cylinder 80' is also of small size and preferably solid and made of steel, wherein a first diameter d1 in the region of the ends of the mass piston 81 'is made smaller than a second diameter d2 in the middle, over a length 11th between the ends extending section. By way of example, the first diameter d1 in the illustrated embodiment is 2 mm and the second diameter d2 of the middle section is 8 mm. At this time, the middle portion of the massing force piston 81 ', in which the diameter is 8 mm, extends over a length 11 of 25 mm, while the total length 12 of the massing force piston 81' is 35 mm. The hydraulic cylinder 80 'is designed in such a way that the regions running along the longitudinal axis B have a diameter corresponding to the first diameter d1 and the diameter of the intermediate region whose length (in the direction of the longitudinal axis B) corresponds to the maximum permissible stroke, has a diameter corresponding to the second diameter d2. Corresponding diameter here means that the diameters are designed with a slightly larger fit, so that the mass piston 81 'in the hydraulic cylinder 80' is movable, but still guided.
    List of accessories 1 Length-adjustable connecting rod with a hydraulic length adjustment device of the prior art 100, 200, section of a hydraulic system for a connecting rod 300, 400 2 first connecting rod shaft section 3 second connecting rod shaft section 4 small connecting rod eye 5 large connecting rod eye 20 hydraulic length adjustment device 21 first hydraulic cylinder 22 piston 23 first hydraulic Working space of the length adjustment device 24 Second hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device 25 First hydraulic channel 26 Second hydraulic channel 27 Hydraulic line to the first hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device 28 Hydraulic line to the second hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device 30 Hydraulic medium supply 31A to C Drainage 40 Control device 60A to D Throttle 70A to D Check valve 80, 80 'second hydraulic cylinder 90 third hydraulic cylinder 81,81', 91 grounding bolt 82, 82 ', 92 first hyd Raulischer workspace of the second hydraulic cylinder 83, 83 ', 93 second hydraulic working space of the second hydraulic cylinder 84 stop A longitudinal axis of the connecting rod B longitudinal axis of the second hydraulic cylinder d1 diameter of the mass piston in a first section d2 diameter of the mass piston in a second section 11 length of the central portion of the Massekraftkolbens 12 Total length of the mass piston L effective length of the plug ÄL maximum change in the effective length of the rod ÄL2 stroke of the ground bolt V1 first valve of the control device V2 second valve of the control device
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Length-adjustable connecting rod for a reciprocating piston engine, in particular for a reciprocating internal combustion engine, wherein the connecting rod has a hydraulic Längenverstellvorrichtung (20) for adjusting an effective connecting rod length (L) of the connecting rod and a Hydraulikmediumzuleitung (30) for hydraulic supply of hydraulic medium to Längenverstellvorrichtung (20) the length adjustment device (20) has at least one first hydraulic cylinder (21), at least one piston (22) and a first hydraulic working space (23) and a second hydraulic working space (24), characterized in that the connecting rod has at least one second hydraulic cylinder (80, 80 ') with a mass force piston (81, 81') for generating an additional hydraulic pressure portion in the first hydraulic cylinder (21) of the length adjustment device (20), wherein the mass force piston (81, 81 ') by an occurring mass force in the second hydraulic cylinder (80, 80 ') is relocatable.
    [2]
    Second connecting rod according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass piston (80, 80 ') in the axial direction is movably disposed in the second hydraulic cylinder (80, 80'), wherein the mass piston (81,81 ') the second hydraulic cylinder (80, 80 ') preferably in at least a first hydraulic working space (82, 82') and a second hydraulic working space (83, 83 ') divides.
    [3]
    3. Connecting rod according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second hydraulic cylinder (80, 80 ') is arranged in the connecting rod such that its longitudinal axis (B) parallel to the longitudinal axis (A) of the connecting rod, wherein the second hydraulic cylinder (80 , 80 ') is preferably arranged in a longitudinal center plane of the connecting rod.
    [4]
    4. connecting rod according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second hydraulic cylinder (80, 80 ') is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder (80, 80'), wherein the mass force piston (81, 81 ') preferably by a ground bolt (81 , 81 ') is formed and in particular has two equal effective areas.
    [5]
    5. connecting rod according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second hydraulic cylinder fluidkommunizierend (80, 80 ') connected to the hydraulic medium supply line (30) or is connectable, preferably via a check valve (70).
    [6]
    6. connecting rod according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second hydraulic cylinder (80, 80 ') fluidkommunizierend with the first hydraulic working space (23) of the length adjustment (20) and / or the second hydraulic working space (24) of the length adjustment ( 20) is connected or connectable.
    [7]
    7. connecting rod according to claim 6, characterized in that the piston-side end of the connecting rod facing hydraulic working space (82, 82 ') of the second hydraulic cylinder (80, 80') each with a hydraulic working space (23, 24) of the length adjustment (20) and the hydraulic medium supply line (30) is connected or connectable in a fluid-communicating manner, in particular via a check valve (70B, 70D), wherein the hydraulic working space (83, 83 ') of the second hydraulic cylinder (80, 80') facing the crankshaft-side end of the connecting rod preferably also has a drainage (31B, 31C) fluid communicating connected or connectable, in particular via a throttle valve (60C, 60D), wherein in particular the piston-side end of the connecting rod facing hydraulic working space (82, 82 ') of the second hydraulic cylinder (80, 80') the first hydraulic working space (82, 82 ') of the second hydraulic cylinder forms and the crankshaft end of the connecting rod facing hydraulic working space (83, 83 ') of the second hydraulic cylinder (80, 80') the second hydraulic working space (83, 83 ').
    [8]
    8. Connecting rod according to at least one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 6, characterized in that the connecting rod has a third hydraulic cylinder (90) with a mass piston (91), wherein preferably the second hydraulic cylinder (80) fluidkommunizierend with the first hydraulic working space ( 23) of the length adjustment device (20) is connected or connectable, and preferably the third hydraulic cylinder (90) with the second hydraulic working space (24) of the length adjustment device (20).
    [9]
    9. Connecting rod according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the first hydraulic working space (82) and the second hydraulic working space (83) of the second hydraulic cylinder (80, 80 ') each with a hydraulic working space (23, 24) of the Length adjustment device (20) and each with the hydraulic medium supply line (30) are connected in fluid communication or connectable, in particular in each case via a check valve (70 A, 70 C).
    [10]
    10. connecting rod according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second hydraulic cylinder (80, 80 ') is designed such that in at least one end position of the mass power piston (81,81') of the first hydraulic working space (82) and / or the second hydraulic working space (83) of the second hydraulic cylinder (80, 80 ') is filled with a residual volume of hydraulic medium, wherein the second hydraulic cylinder (80, 80') preferably has at least one stop (84) which controls a stroke of the mass power piston ( 81,81 ') to a maximum allowable stroke (AL2).
    [11]
    11. Connecting rod according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a maximum allowable stroke (AL2) of the mass piston (81, 81 ') is less than 5 mm, preferably less than 3 mm, in particular less than 2 mm.
    [12]
    12. Connecting rod according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the maximum allowable stroke (AL2) of the mass power piston (81, 81 ') is between 0.5 mm and 1 mm.
    [13]
    13. Reciprocating piston engine, in particular reciprocating internal combustion engine, with at least one connecting rod, characterized in that the connecting rod is designed according to at least one of claims 1 to 12.
    [14]
    14. Vehicle with a reciprocating engine, in particular with a reciprocating internal combustion engine, characterized in that the reciprocating internal combustion engine is designed according to claim 13.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT519156B1|2018-11-15|
    DE102017217474A1|2018-04-05|
    引用文献:
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    US2056901A|1931-11-04|1936-10-06|Skf Svenska Kullagerfab Ab|Lubricating system for reciprocating machines|
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    WO2016203047A1|2015-06-18|2016-12-22|Avl List Gmbh|Longitudinally adjustable connecting rod|
    WO2017102108A1|2015-12-14|2017-06-22|Avl List Gmbh|Length-adjustable connecting rod with electromagnetically-actuatable switching valve|US20190242257A1|2018-02-06|2019-08-08|Southern Stimulation Technologies, Llc|Piston and cylinder apparatus with adjustable stroke volume|
    WO2019213683A1|2018-05-08|2019-11-14|Avl List Gmbh|Adjustable-length connecting rod, reciprocating piston engine, and vehicle|
    AT521677B1|2018-10-08|2020-04-15|Avl List Gmbh|Assembly method for joining the telescopic rod part of a VCR connecting rod|
    AT521603B1|2018-12-03|2020-03-15|Avl List Gmbh|Fast rotating shaft with dirt trap|
    AT521501B1|2018-12-03|2020-02-15|Avl List Gmbh|Length-adjustable connecting rod with press connection|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50886/2016A|AT519156B1|2016-09-30|2016-09-30|Length adjustable connecting rod for a reciprocating engine, reciprocating engine and vehicle|ATA50886/2016A| AT519156B1|2016-09-30|2016-09-30|Length adjustable connecting rod for a reciprocating engine, reciprocating engine and vehicle|
    DE102017217474.9A| DE102017217474A1|2016-09-30|2017-09-29|Length adjustable connecting rod for a reciprocating engine, reciprocating engine and vehicle|
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