Length adjustable connecting rod with control device

专利摘要:
The present invention relates to a length-adjustable connecting rod (100) for a reciprocating engine. The connecting rod (100) has a hydraulic length adjustment device (20) for adjusting an effective connecting rod length (L) and a switchable between two switching states control device (240) for controlling the length adjustment device (20). The length adjustment device (20) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (21) with a piston (22) and a first hydraulic working space (23) and a second hydraulic working space (24). The control device (240) has a first valve (V1) and a second valve (V2), wherein the first valve (V1) is connected in fluid communication with the first hydraulic working space (23) of the length adjustment device (20) and the second valve (V2 ) with the second hydraulic working space (24). The first valve (V1) and the second valve (V2) can each be actuated by means of an actuating piston (45A, 45B) which can be axially displaced along an adjusting axis (S1, S2) and can be hydraulically actuated, the adjusting axis (S1) of the first valve (V1) being actuated. is different from the adjusting axis (S2) of the second valve (V2).
公开号:AT519149A1
申请号:T50888/2016
申请日:2016-09-30
公开日:2018-04-15
发明作者:Dipl Ing Melde-Tuczai Helmut；Redouane Abdelkarim；Ing Siegfried Hartwig Dipl
申请人:Avl List Gmbh；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Summary
The present invention relates to a length-adjustable connecting rod for a reciprocating piston engine, in particular for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, and a reciprocating piston engine and a vehicle, the connecting rod comprising a hydraulic length adjustment device for adjusting an effective connecting rod length (L) and a control device (140) which can be switched between two switching states for controlling the Length adjustment device, the length adjustment device having a hydraulic cylinder with a piston and a first hydraulic work space and a second hydraulic work space, the control device (140) having a first valve (V1) and a second valve (V2), the first valve (V1 ) the control device (140) is fluidly communicating with the first hydraulic work space of the length adjustment device and the second valve (V2) with the second hydraulic work space, the first valve (V1) and the second valve (V2) can each be actuated with the aid of an actuating piston (45A, 45B) which can be axially displaced and hydraulically actuated along an actuating axis (S1, S2), the actuating axis (S1) of the first valve (V1) being from the actuating axis (S2) of the second valve (V2) is different.
Fig. 3/54
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- 1 adjustable connecting rod with control device
The present invention relates to length-adjustable connecting rods for a reciprocating piston machine, in particular for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, the connecting rod having a hydraulic length adjusting device for adjusting an effective connecting rod length of the connecting rod and a control device which can be switched between at least two switching states for controlling the length adjustment of the connecting rod, the length adjusting device having at least one hydraulic cylinder having a piston and a first hydraulic work space and a second hydraulic work space, the control device having at least a first valve and a second valve, the first valve of the control device being fluidly connected or connectable to the first hydraulic work space of the length adjustment device and the second valve with the second hydraulic work space and wherein the first valve using a first, along a first Stellac hse axially displaceable and hydraulically actuated actuating piston is actuated and the second valve with the aid of a second, axially displaceable and hydraulically actuatable actuating piston along a second actuating axis.
Furthermore, the present invention relates to a reciprocating piston engine, in particular a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with at least one length-adjustable connecting rod, and a vehicle with a reciprocating piston engine, in particular with a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine.
For the purposes of the invention, the connecting rod is the rod-like connecting element which connects the crankshaft of the reciprocating machine to a reciprocating piston in a reciprocating piston engine. The connecting rod serves to convert a linear movement of the reciprocating piston, in particular a linearly oscillating axial movement of the reciprocating piston, which is usually a power or working piston, into a circular movement of the crankshaft, or conversely a circular movement of the Convert the crankshaft into a linear movement of the reciprocating piston.
A crankshaft in the sense of the invention is understood to be a shaft which is designed to convert the linearly oscillating movement, in particular the translatory movement, of one or more reciprocating pistons into a rotary movement using connecting rods, or vice versa, the rotary movement of the crankshaft into a convert translational movement.
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- 2 For connecting to the reciprocating piston and the crankshaft, the connecting rod generally has a connecting rod bearing at its two ends, usually in the form of a connecting rod eye, the connecting rod generally having a smaller connecting rod eye at the end on the piston side and a larger connecting rod eye at the end on the crankshaft side has, based on a functional installation state of a connecting rod in a reciprocating piston machine. With the help of a piston pin, which is mounted in the small connecting rod eye, a lifting piston can then be connected to the piston end of the connecting rod. The connecting rod can be connected to the crankshaft via the larger connecting rod eye, a connecting rod bearing designed as a plain bearing, which is lubricated with hydraulic medium, in particular with the engine oil of a reciprocating piston engine, usually being arranged in the larger connecting rod eye.
The connecting rod is generally rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation around the crankshaft and the piston pin, the distance between the two axes of rotation defining an effective or effective connecting rod length. By changing the effective connecting rod length, in particular by adjusting the effective connecting rod length, the compression ratio can be changed in a reciprocating piston machine, since the change in the effective connecting rod length causes a displacement of the top dead center of the piston movement.
Length-adjustable connecting rods are used in particular in reciprocating machines with a variable compression ratio to set the compression ratio. Changing the compression ratio by changing the effective connecting rod length is basically known from the prior art, for example from DE 10 2012 020 999 A1 or WO 2015/055582 A2.
The length-adjustable connecting rod described in DE 10 2012 020 999 A1 has an eccentric arranged in the smaller connecting rod eye, two hydraulic cylinders being provided to adjust the eccentric, at least partially outside the connecting rod shaft, which are supplied with hydraulic fluid from the reciprocating machine with engine oil. To control the two hydraulic cylinders and thus to adjust the length of the connecting rod, a control device with two valves is provided, by means of which the two hydraulic cylinders can each be acted upon with hydraulic medium in such a way that the desired change in the connecting rod length occurs.
A length-adjustable connecting rod with a hydraulic length adjustment device is known from WO 2015/055582 A2, the connecting rod being in a first connecting rod shaft section / 54
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- 3 and is divided into a second connecting rod shaft section, the two connecting rod shaft sections being displaceable relative to one another, in particular telescopically one inside or the other, along a longitudinal axis of the connecting rod, and wherein one of the two connecting rod shaft sections forms a hydraulic cylinder and the other connecting rod shaft section forms an associated hydraulic piston. To control the length adjustment device, a hydraulically actuable control device is provided with a single-acting adjusting piston which can be axially displaced perpendicularly to the crankshaft axis in a longitudinal center plane of the connecting rod, as the adjusting element. In a functionally appropriate state of use of the connecting rod in a reciprocating piston machine, the actuating piston can be axially displaced from a first actuating position to a second actuating position against the restoring force generated by a spring, using one or more hydraulic inflows or drains of the hydraulic length adjustment device are released or blocked. The spring stiffness of the return spring can be used to set the engine oil pressure at which the actuating piston should be displaced from the first actuating position to the second actuating position.
Against this background, it is an object of the invention to provide an alternative, length-adjustable connecting rod for a reciprocating piston machine, in particular an improved length-adjustable connecting rod. A more flexible arrangement of the control device in the connecting rod should preferably be made possible. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide an alternative reciprocating machine, in particular an improved reciprocating machine, and an alternative vehicle, in particular an improved vehicle, with a reciprocating engine.
According to the invention, these objects are achieved by the teachings of the independent claims. Preferred developments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims and are explained in more detail below. The wording of the claims is made the content of the description.
A connecting rod according to the invention is characterized in that the first actuation axis of the first valve of the control device is different from the second actuation axis of the second valve of the control device.
The arrangement of the first valve and the second valve of the control device in the connecting rod according to the invention, in particular in that the first actuating axis of the first valve and the second actuating axis of the second valve are different from one another / 54
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- 4 or do not coincide, a particularly short overall length of the control device can be achieved. As a result, there is greater flexibility in the arrangement of the control device, and the control device can be arranged in the connecting rod in accordance with the respective requirements with a large number of options. The possible arrangements of the control device according to the invention in the connecting rod are therefore subject to only minor restrictions.
In particular, a connecting rod according to the invention with a control device, in which the first actuation axis of the first valve and the second actuation axis of the second valve are different from one another according to the invention, enables the first valve and the second valve to be arranged almost anywhere in the connecting rod. The first valve and the second valve can each be arranged orthogonally, parallel or inclined to a longitudinal axis of the connecting rod and / or orthogonally, parallel or inclined to a crankshaft axis, based on a functional installation state of the connecting rod in a reciprocating piston engine, in particular in a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine.
For connection to a reciprocating piston of a reciprocating piston machine, in particular a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, a connecting rod according to the invention preferably has a smaller connecting rod eye on its piston end, or alternatively a piston pin that is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, whereby in the former case, i.e. if the connecting rod has a smaller connecting rod eye, the connecting rod can be connected to a reciprocating piston of a reciprocating piston machine in a manner well known from the prior art using a piston pin. In the second case, the reciprocating piston to be connected to the connecting rod preferably has a corresponding eye, in which the piston pin firmly connected to the connecting rod can be received, in particular can be stored, and the reciprocating piston can be connected to the connecting rod accordingly via the piston pin. A larger connecting rod eye is preferably provided at the end on the crankshaft side for connecting the connecting rod to a crankshaft, as is customary in the prior art.
In an advantageous embodiment of an invention of a connecting rod according to the invention, the first actuating axis of the first valve of the control device and / or the second actuating axis of the second valve of the control device runs parallel to the crankshaft axis, preferably both the first actuating axis and the second actuating axis each running parallel to the crankshaft, each based on a functional / 54
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- 5 Installed condition of the connecting rod in a reciprocating piston machine, especially in a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine.
By arranging the first valve of the control device and / or the second valve of the control device with the associated actuating axis in each case parallel to the crankshaft axis, the first valve and / or the second valve of the control device can absorb a large part of the centrifugal forces acting on the control device during a working stroke simple decoupling effectively. In particular, such an arrangement can be used to prevent the first actuating piston and / or the second actuating piston from being axially displaced along the respective actuating axis by the centrifugal forces that occur and from opening or opening the first valve and / or the second valve unintentionally or at an undesired point in time. is closed. In a connecting rod according to the invention, the actuating axes of the two valves, which are arranged parallel to one another, can lie in different, common planes, in particular in a horizontal plane, in a vertical plane or in an inclined plane, the first actuating axis and the second actuating axis preferably juxtaposed in a horizontal plane and is preferably arranged one above the other in a vertical plane. If the two positioning axes lie in an inclined plane, they are preferably arranged horizontally and / or vertically offset from one another. In some cases it can be advantageous if the first actuation axis and / or the second actuation axis lie in a common plane with the crankshaft axis.
The length adjustment device of a connecting rod according to the invention can in principle be designed in various ways, for example like the length adjustment devices described in WO 2015/055582 A2, in PCT / EP2016 / 064193, in PCT / EP2016 / 069094 or in Austrian patent application A50757 / 2016 , wherein for further details regarding the design options and the functions of length adjustment devices suitable for a connecting rod according to the invention, reference is made to the aforementioned documents.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, a connecting rod according to the invention has a first connecting rod shaft section and a second connecting rod shaft section, the two connecting rod shaft sections preferably being displaceable relative to one another in order to adjust an effective connecting rod length, in particular along the longitudinal axis of the connecting rod.
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6 In the context of the invention, the connecting rod shaft is understood to be the rod-like section between the connecting rod end on the piston side and the connecting rod end on the crankshaft side.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the two connecting rod shaft sections can be telescopically pushed into one another to adjust the effective connecting rod length, preferably along the longitudinal axis of the connecting rod, one of the two connecting rod shaft sections in particular forming the hydraulic cylinder of the length adjustment device and the piston of the length adjustment device being fastened to the other connecting rod shaft section .
The piston of the length adjustment device is preferably designed as a double-acting piston and in particular divides the hydraulic cylinder of the length adjustment device into the first hydraulic work space and the second hydraulic work space.
The hydraulic cylinder of the length adjustment device does not have to be a cylinder in the mathematical sense. A hydraulic cylinder in the sense of the invention can also have a cross-section deviating from a circular shape over its axial length. It is only important that the hydraulic cylinder and the piston of the length adjustment device are designed in such a way, in particular in a manner corresponding to one another, that the functionality required for the length adjustment can be achieved, in particular a tightness required for a sufficient pressure build-up, possibly with the aid of sealants, and a sufficient guidance of the piston in the hydraulic cylinder of the length adjustment.
The hydraulic cylinder of the length adjustment device is preferably located entirely within the connecting rod, in particular within the connecting rod shaft.
The hydraulic supply required for the length adjustment device is preferably provided via a hydraulic medium supply line, the hydraulic medium supply line being able to be supplied with hydraulic medium in particular via the connecting rod bearing on the crankshaft side.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, in a first switching state of the control device, a hydraulic medium return from the first hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device is blocked and the second working space is drained and in a second switching state the control unit / 54
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The first hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device is preferably drained and the hydraulic medium return from the second hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device is blocked.
For this purpose, the first valve and the second valve of the control device are preferably designed in opposite directions, in particular designed to act in opposite directions, in particular in such a way that in the first switching state and in the second switching state of the control device one of the two valves of the control device opens or remains open and the other valve closes or closes remains closed.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the first actuating piston of the first valve and / or the second actuating piston of the second valve is designed as a single-acting actuating piston, the actuating piston preferably being axially displaceable in at least one direction against an actuating piston restoring force, and the associated one Valve for generating the actuating piston restoring force preferably has an actuating piston restoring force device, in particular an actuating piston return spring.
Preferably, both the first actuating piston of the first valve and the second actuating piston of the second valve are each designed as single-acting actuating pistons. If an actuating piston return device is provided, in particular a return spring, it is preferably designed such that its spring stiffness is selected in such a way that the associated valve closes or remains closed at a defined first hydraulic pressure level on the actuating piston and opens or opens or opens at a second, defined hydraulic pressure level. remains open.
The first, defined hydraulic pressure level preferably corresponds to a first hydraulic medium pressure in a reciprocating piston engine, in particular a first engine oil pressure in a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine. The second, defined hydraulic pressure level preferably corresponds to a second, defined engine oil pressure of the reciprocating piston machine. By means of such a configuration of the control device, the hydraulic medium pressure present in the reciprocating piston machine, in particular the applied engine oil pressure, can be used to actuate the control device.
In a further, in particular alternative embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the first actuating piston of the first valve and / or the second actuating piston of the / 54
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- 8 second valve designed as a double-acting control piston, the connecting rod, in particular the control device, for actuating the control device preferably additionally has a switching valve by means of which a hydraulic medium pressure difference, in particular a control medium pressure difference, can be applied to the control piston. The switching valve is in particular designed such that in a first switching state of the switching valve there is a first hydraulic medium pressure difference on the actuating piston, which causes the actuating piston to move axially into a first actuating position, and in a second switching state of the switching valve, a second hydraulic medium pressure difference, which axially displaces the actuating piston in a second position. The first actuating piston of the first valve and the second actuating piston of the second valve are preferably each designed as double-acting actuating pistons.
A control device designed in this way with double-acting adjusting pistons has the advantage that the control of the length adjustment device can be decoupled from the hydraulic pressure level present, in particular a decoupling from an engine oil pressure present in the reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, because the additional switching valve only requires a hydraulic medium pressure level to adjust the connecting rod length, and thus especially only one engine oil pressure level. Furthermore, the switching valve enables the control device to be actuated independently of the hydraulic medium pressure level of the reciprocating piston machine, in particular independently of an engine oil pressure level present in a reciprocating piston machine and thus almost independently of an operating state of the reciprocating piston machine.
The switching valve is preferably each coupled to the first actuating piston of the first valve and / or the second actuating piston of the second valve such that a first hydraulic medium pressure difference or control medium pressure difference is applied to the respective actuating piston in each case by means of the switching valve in a first switching state of the switching valve a second switching state of the switching valve, a second hydraulic medium pressure difference or control medium pressure difference.
The additional switching valve is preferably designed as an electromagnetically actuated, hydraulic switching valve, which is in particular hydraulically operatively connected to the control device and can be electromagnetically actuated or electromagnetically switched. For further details on how such a switching valve and a connecting rod receiving the switching valve can be designed, refer to / 54 in this context
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- 9 the PCT / EP2016 / 069094, in which such a switching valve and a connecting rod with such a switching valve is described.
Alternatively, the additional switching valve can also be designed as a mechanically actuable, hydraulic switching valve, which is in particular hydraulically operatively connected to the control device and can be mechanically actuated, for example with a link guide or the like. For further details on how such a switching valve and a connecting rod receiving the switching valve can be designed, reference is made in this connection to the Austrian patent application A50757 / 2016, in which such a switching valve and a connecting rod with such a switching valve is described.
In a connecting rod according to the invention, a separate, additional switching valve can also be provided for each valve of the control device, ie both for the first valve of the control device and for the second valve of the control device, for actuating the control device or for separately actuating the first valve the control device and the second valve of the control device.
The additional switching valve (s) and the control device are preferably operatively connected to one another in this way and the first valve and the second valve as well as the additional switching valve (s) are each designed such that in a first switching state the Control device a hydraulic medium return from the first hydraulic work space of the length adjustment device is blocked and the second hydraulic work space of the length adjustment device is drained and that in a second switching state of the control device, the first hydraulic work space of the length adjustment device is drained and a hydraulic medium return from the second hydraulic work space of the length adjustment device is blocked.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the first valve of the control device and / or the second valve of the control device is a lift valve and has a valve body which can be displaced axially along a lift axis, the valve body for blocking the hydraulic medium return from the associated fluid-communicating with the valve connected or connectable hydraulic working space can be pressed against a valve seat and can be lifted off from the valve seat for draining the associated working space, wherein the lifting off of the valve body from the valve seat can preferably be effected by means of the respective actuating piston of the valve.
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- 10 The design of the first valve and the second valve of the control device in each case as a lift valve enables in a particularly simple manner the opposite locking of the hydraulic medium return and the drainage of the hydraulic working spaces of the length adjustment device and thus the control of the length adjustment device in a particularly simple manner.
The stroke axis of the first valve of the control device and / or of the second valve of the control device can in principle run arbitrarily within the connecting rod in a connecting rod according to the invention, in particular it does not have to coincide with the actuating axis of the respective valve and can also deviate therefrom.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the stroke axis of at least one stroke valve runs parallel to the crankshaft axis, preferably the stroke axes of all the stroke valves of the control device run parallel to the crankshaft axis. As a result, the respective valve, in particular the valve body, can in many cases be decoupled from the centrifugal forces which occur during a working stroke to the extent that the centrifugal forces which occur no longer cause the valve body to be lifted off the valve seat undesirably or the valve body is pressed undesirably against the valve seat and thus an unintentional opening and / or closing of the lift valve can occur.
In particular, however, both the first actuation axis of the first valve and the stroke axis of the first valve and / or the second actuation axis of the second valve and the stroke axis of the second valve each run parallel to the crankshaft axis.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the first valve of the control device and the second valve of the control device are each a lift valve, the valve body of the first valve being in contact with the valve seat in the first switching state of the control device and blocking a hydraulic medium return from the first hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device and the valve body of the second valve is lifted off the valve seat and the second hydraulic working chamber of the length adjustment device is drained, and wherein in the second switching state of the control device the valve body of the first valve is lifted off the valve seat and the first hydraulic working chamber is drained and the valve body of the second valve on the valve seat is present and blocks a hydraulic medium return from the second hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device.
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In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the valve body of at least one globe valve is at least partially spherical, conical or frustoconical, at least in a contact area with which the valve body can be pressed onto the valve seat, the valve body being in particular a ball, a conical body or a Is truncated cone. The associated valve seat is preferably designed to correspond to the valve body, in particular in such a way that proper functioning of the respective valve can be ensured. A conical or frustoconical valve body enables improved, in particular simplified, guidance of the valve body within the valve. In particular, with a conical or truncated cone-shaped valve body, the valve can be designed in a simple manner in such a way that the valve body can be prevented from tumbling without an additional wobble guide.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the valve body of at least one lifting valve is a component separate from the actuating piston of the associated valve, wherein the lifting of the valve body from the valve seat can preferably be effected by pushing the valve body away from the valve seat with the aid of the actuating piston of the valve.
Preferably, the actuating piston can push the valve body directly away from the valve seat, i.e. directly or indirectly, without a connecting element provided between the valve body and the actuating piston. In some cases, in particular in order to bridge a distance from the actuating piston to the valve body, it may be necessary to provide at least one connecting element, in particular a connecting rod or the like, between the actuating piston and the valve body, via which the valve body can be pushed away indirectly or indirectly from the valve seat. The connecting element is preferably firmly connected to the actuating piston, wherein the connecting element can also be formed in one piece with the actuating piston.
The valve is preferably designed in this way, in particular the length of the connecting element is dimensioned such that in a first position of the actuating piston the valve body is lifted off the valve seat and the valve is open and in a second position of the actuating piston the valve body bears against the valve seat and is particularly objectionable from the connecting element and / or from the actuating piston, so that the valve at least in a hydraulic medium flow direction from the valve body in the direction of the valve seat / 54
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- 12 is closed, whereby a hydraulic medium return in this direction can be blocked.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the valve body of at least one lifting valve can be lifted off the valve seat against a valve body restoring force, the valve for generating the valve body restoring force preferably having a valve body restoring device, by means of which, in particular, the pressing of the valve body onto the valve seat can be effected. The valve body return device is preferably a return spring, in particular a return spring designed as a helical spring.
In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the connecting rod has a hydraulic medium supply line, the first hydraulic work space of the length adjustment device preferably being connected or connectable to the hydraulic medium supply line in a fluid-communicating manner at least via the first valve of the control device, and / or the second hydraulic work space Length adjustment device is connected or connectable to the hydraulic medium supply line at least via the second valve of the control device, which is designed as a lift valve, whereby the valve body of the associated lift valve can be lifted off the valve seat, in particular by a negative pressure present in the associated working space, and hydraulic medium via the hydraulic medium supply line through the fluid communicating with it Working space connected or connectable lift valve of the control device can be sucked.
The spring stiffness of the valve body return spring is preferably selected such that the valve body can be lifted off the valve seat by a vacuum in the associated hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device and hydraulic medium can be sucked into the working space through the valve.
In an alternative, but also advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, on the other hand, in at least one lifting valve of the control device, the valve body is firmly connected to the actuating piston, the lifting of the valve body from the valve seat in this case preferably being effected by pulling the valve body away from the valve seat by means of the actuating piston can and the pressing of the valve body against the valve seat can in particular also be effected with the aid of the adjusting piston, in particular by pressing the valve body against the valve seat by means of the adjusting piston.
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- 13 The actuating piston can either be connected directly to the valve body, or the valve has a connecting element arranged between them, in which case the valve body is preferably firmly connected to the actuating piston via the connecting element. The valve body can also be formed in one piece with the connecting element and / or the actuating piston.
If the valve body is firmly connected to the actuating piston, a valve body reset device is no longer required to press the valve body onto the valve seat, since the actuating piston can be used to press on the valve body. As a result, the overall length of the control device can be significantly reduced again.
In the case of a valve of this type, no lifting of the valve body from the valve seat can be brought about by a negative pressure present in the associated working space. Thus, no hydraulic medium can be sucked into the associated hydraulic work space via a valve designed in this way. As a result, a bypass line that leads past the valve is required in order to be able to supply the hydraulic medium required for the length adjustment via a respective hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device.
Therefore, in particular if the control device has a valve in which the valve body is fixedly connected to the actuating piston, in a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention the hydraulic medium supply line is preferably connected to the first hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device and / or to the first hydraulic working chamber second hydraulic work space of the length adjustment device fluidly connected or connectable, wherein hydraulic medium can be sucked into the respective hydraulic work space in particular by a negative pressure present in the associated work space via the hydraulic medium feed line and the check valve.
This possibility can additionally be provided in the case of a globe valve with a valve body separated from the actuating piston. I.e. In the case of a lifting valve with a valve body separated from the actuating piston, hydraulic medium can preferably be drawn into the associated hydraulic working space both through the lifting valve and via a bypass line and in particular via a check valve arranged in the bypass line.
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In a further advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the first valve and / or the second valve of the control device is at least partially, preferably completely, accommodated in the connecting rod with the aid of a valve housing, the valve housing being screwed in particular into the connecting rod.
In an alternative, but particularly advantageous embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, the first valve and / or the second valve of the control device is accommodated in the connecting rod without a valve housing. Both the first valve and the second valve of the control device are preferably accommodated in the connecting rod without a valve housing, in particular inserted directly into the connecting rod. The direct insertion of the first valve and / or the second valve has the advantage that no sealing measures have to be carried out between the valve housing and the connecting rod, as a result of which installation space can be gained, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the valve, i.e. parallel to the respective positioning axis. As a result, the overall length of the control device can be significantly reduced again.
A reciprocating piston machine according to the invention is characterized in that it has a connecting rod according to the invention.
A vehicle according to the invention with a reciprocating piston engine is characterized in that it has a reciprocating piston engine according to the invention, in particular a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine according to the invention.
These and other features and advantages emerge from the claims and from the description and from the drawings, the individual features can be realized individually or in groups, in the form of sub-combinations in an embodiment of the invention, and an advantageous and for can be a protective version for which protection is also claimed, provided that it makes technical sense.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of non-restrictive exemplary embodiments which are illustrated in the figures, components with the same function having the same reference numerals. In the figures at least partially show schematically:
1 is an example of a length-adjustable connecting rod with a generic hydraulic length adjustment device in a sectional view from the prior art, / 54
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2 shows the control device from FIG. 1 in section in an enlarged view,
3 shows a control device of a first embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention in section,
4 shows an embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention in a basic illustration,
5 shows a detail of the hydraulic system for adjusting the length of the connecting rod according to the invention from FIG. 4,
6 shows a control device of a further exemplary embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention in section,
7 shows a control device of a further exemplary embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention in section,
8 shows a control device of a further exemplary embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention in section in a second switching state of the control device and
FIG. 9 shows the control device from FIG. 8 in a first switching state.
1 shows, for a better, basic understanding of the functioning of a hydraulic length adjustment device of a connecting rod according to the invention, one of the exemplary embodiments of a length-adjustable connecting rod described in the already mentioned PCT / EP2016 / 064193 with an advantageous hydraulic length adjustment device 20 with a first, suitable for a connecting rod according to the invention Hydraulic cylinder 21, a piston 22, a first hydraulic working space 23 and a second hydraulic working space 24.
The connecting rod 1 has a divided connecting rod shaft with a first connecting rod shaft section 2 and a second connecting rod shaft section 3, a smaller connecting rod eye 4 being provided at a piston-side end of the connecting rod 1 and the first connecting rod shaft section 2 for connection to a piston of a reciprocating piston engine, in particular a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine is and at a crankshaft end of the connecting rod 1 and the second connecting rod shaft section 3, a larger connecting rod eye 5 for connecting the connecting rod 1 to a crankshaft of the reciprocating engine. The crankshaft is not shown in Fig. 1; its longitudinal axis, the crankshaft axis KW, runs normal to a longitudinal axis A of the connecting rod and normal to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 1. A longitudinal central plane / 54
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16 of the connecting rod 1 runs through the longitudinal axis A of the connecting rod 1 and extends normal to the crankshaft axis KW, that is to say parallel to and / or in the drawing plane of FIG. 1.
The first connecting rod shaft section 2 and the second connecting rod shaft section 3 can be telescoped into one another along a longitudinal axis A of the connecting rod 1, the piston 22 of the length adjustment device 20 being fastened to the upper connecting rod shaft section 2 and the lower connecting rod shaft section 3 forming the hydraulic cylinder 21 of the length adjustment device 20, in which the piston 22 of the length adjustment device 20 is mounted displaceably along the longitudinal axis A of the connecting rod 1. Depending on the position of the piston 22 of the length adjustment device 20 in the first hydraulic cylinder 21 of the length adjustment device 20, another effective or effective connecting rod length L is established, which is defined by the distance between the axes of rotation of the connecting rod 1 around the piston pin or around the crankshaft. A maximum change AL in the effective or effective connecting rod length L is determined by the maximum possible stroke of the piston 22 of the length adjustment device 20.
The piston 22 of the length adjustment device 20 is designed as a double-acting piston 22, the piston 22 of the length adjustment device defining with the first hydraulic cylinder 21 of the length adjustment device 20 a first hydraulic work space 23 and a second hydraulic work space 24.
To control the length adjustment device 20, the connecting rod 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a control device 40, which controls a hydraulic medium inflow from a hydraulic medium feed line 30 via a first hydraulic channel 25 into the first hydraulic working chamber 23 and via a second hydraulic channel 26 into the second hydraulic working chamber 24 Length adjustment device 20 controls, the hydraulic medium supply line 30 being supplied with hydraulic medium via a connecting rod bearing 35 only indicated here on the crankshaft side. For this purpose, the first valve V1 is connected in a fluid-communicating manner to the first working space 23 of the hydraulic length adjustment device 20 via the first hydraulic channel 25, and the second valve V2 is connected to the second hydraulic working space 24 of the length adjustment device 20 via the second hydraulic channel 26.
For better understanding, FIG. 2 shows the control device 40 from FIG. 1 individually in an enlarged and more detailed representation. The first valve V1 and the second valve V2 are each designed as lift valves and each have a valve space (not specified), in each of which a valve body 41A or 41B is arranged, the / 54
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17 valve bodies 41A, 41B can be lifted from an associated valve seat 43A or 43B for draining the associated working space along an associated lifting axis H1 or H2 and for blocking a hydraulic medium return of the associated working space by means of a valve body return spring 47A, 47B against the respective one Valve seat 43A or 43B can be pressed.
In this case, the valve bodies 41A and 41B are designed as balls and the valve seats 43A and 43B correspond to them in such a way that, in particular, a sealing function which is sufficient to block the hydraulic medium return is achieved.
To actuate the control device 40, the valve bodies 41A, 41B of the two valves V1 and V2 are connected via a common connecting rods 44A and 44B, which can be axially displaced along an actuating axis S at least between a first actuating position and a second actuating position and which are fixed to one along the actuating axis S , are connected in one direction against an actuating piston restoring force axially displaceable actuating piston 45, operatively connected to each other. To generate the actuating piston restoring force, the control device has an actuating piston return spring 47.
In the first actuating position of the connecting rods 44A or 44B or the actuating piston 45, the valve body 41A of the first valve V1 is connected by the connecting rod 44A and in the second actuating position of the connecting rods 44A or 44B or the actuating piston 45 the valve body 41B of the second valve V2 raised by the connecting rod 44B against the valve body restoring force from the associated valve seat 43A or 43B. As a result, the respective associated hydraulic working space 23 or 24 of the length adjustment device 20 is drained, since hydraulic medium can flow through the respective valve V1 or V2 of the control device 40, as shown in FIG. 2 using the small arrows in the example of the second valve V2 .
In the other position of the connecting rods 44A or 44B or the actuating piston 45, the respective valve body 41A or 41B bears against the valve seat 43A, as in FIG. 2 for the first valve V1. As a result, a hydraulic medium return from the associated hydraulic working space 23 or 24 is blocked. Depending on whether the hydraulic medium return from the first hydraulic working space 23 of the length adjustment device is blocked and the second hydraulic working space 24 of the length adjustment device is drained or vice versa, either a short, effective connecting rod length L or a long connecting rod length L.
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- 18 The actuating piston 45 of the control device 40 assumes the first actuating position or the second actuating position depending on a hydraulic medium pressure applied to the actuating piston, which generally corresponds to an engine oil pressure present in the reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, the hydraulic medium via the hydraulic medium supply line 30 (see also Fig. 1) is fed to the actuating piston 45. Existing stop elements 84A and 84B can be used to ensure that a defined, maximum adjustment stroke of the actuating piston 45 is not exceeded.
At a low pressure level, the hydraulic pressure is not sufficient to axially move the actuating piston 45 against the actuating piston restoring force, so that the actuating piston 45 assumes the first actuating position, which results in a first, effective connecting rod length L. If the pressure level is sufficiently high, the restoring force can be overcome, the actuating piston assumes the second actuating position and a second, effective connecting rod length L is established.
In other words, the effective connecting rod length L and thus the associated compression ratio are set in the case of a connecting rod with a control device 40 as described, depending on a hydraulic medium pressure present in the reciprocating piston machine, in particular depending on an applied engine oil pressure.
For further detailed explanations of the functioning of the control device 40 described above, reference is made in particular to the aforementioned PCT / EP2016 / 064193.
The individual components of the control device 40, in particular the first valve V1 and the second valve V2, are arranged with respect to one another, in particular one behind the other or in a row such that the two lifting axes H1 and H2 each coincide with the actuating axis S of the common actuating piston 45. This results in a first overall length L1 of the control device 40 in the direction of the actuating axis S and consequently a corresponding installation space requirement.
The second valve V2 of the control device 40 is received in the connecting rod via a valve housing 50 screwed into the connecting rod, the valve housing forming a control cylinder 48 in which the actuating piston 45 can be axially displaced along its actuating axis S, and the actuating pistons on the cylinder bottom 49 thereof - Return spring 47 supports. The valve body 41B and the valve body return spring 42B of the / 54
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19 second valve V2 are held in the valve housing 50 under pretension by means of a cover D2 screwed into the valve housing 50. The valve body 41A and the valve body return spring 47A are held directly in the connecting rod by means of a closing cover D1 according to the same principle.
The space requirement or the overall length L1 of the control device 40 is greater than a connecting rod width in a direction parallel to a crankshaft axis KW (see FIG. 1), based on a functional installation state of the connecting rod 1 in a reciprocating piston machine. Consequently, the control device 40 cannot be arranged with the actuating axis S or the lifting axes H1 and H2 parallel to the crankshaft axis KW, but only in a plane extending perpendicular to the crankshaft axis KW or inclined to the crankshaft axis KW. As a result, at high speeds, in particular at speeds above about 3000 rpm, the actuating piston 45 and in particular the valve bodies 41A and 41B of the control device 40 can be axially displaced as a result of the centrifugal forces acting during a working stroke, which leads to an unintended, undesired opening of the two valves can occur when one of the valve bodies 41A, 41B is lifted off the associated valve seat 43A, 43B. A sensitivity of the valves V1, V2 with regard to undesired opening can be reduced to a small extent by increasing the spring stiffness of the valve body return spring 47A, 47B. However, this is only possible to a limited extent, since an excessively high restoring force makes opening difficult or, if the restoring force is too great, reliable opening is no longer possible.
3 shows in section a control device 140 of a first exemplary embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, in which, in contrast to the control device 40 described above, the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 of the control device 140 are not in succession, i.e. are arranged in a row, but in such a way that the actuating axes S1 and S2 of the two actuating pistons 45A and 45B do not coincide but are different from one another, each of the two valves V1 and V2 of the control device 140 being assigned its own actuating piston 45A and 45B.
The control device 140 basically works on the same principle as the control device 40 described above, only that each valve V1, V2, as already explained, can be actuated by its own separate actuating piston 45A or 45B. Both the first actuating piston 45A of the first valve V1 and the second / 54
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- 20 actuating pistons 45B of the second valve V2, each axially displaceable along an associated first actuating axis S1 or a second actuating axis S2 against an actuating piston restoring force generated by a return spring 47A or 47B, provided there is sufficient hydraulic medium pressure, the two actuating pistons 45A and 45B likewise Hydraulic medium pressure can be applied via the hydraulic medium supply line 30, wherein the hydraulic medium supply line can be supplied with hydraulic medium from the connecting rod bearing on the crankshaft side, which is only indicated here by the reference number 35.
In the first switching state of the control device 140 shown in FIG. 3, the hydraulic line 32 and the first valve V1 can be used to supply hydraulic medium to the first hydraulic working chamber of the length adjustment device that communicates in fluid communication with the first valve V1, as indicated by the small arrows if the corresponding one hydraulic working space applied vacuum is sufficient to cause the valve body 41A to lift off the valve seat 43A, the hydraulic medium being guided through the first valve V1 to the associated hydraulic working space of the length adjustment. At the same time, in this switching state, hydraulic medium can be discharged through the second valve V2 and via the hydraulic line 33 from the second hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device, in particular into the connecting rod bearing 35.
Correspondingly, in the second switching state of the control device 140, the first hydraulic work space of the length adjustment device, which is fluidly connected to the first valve V1, can be drained via the hydraulic line 32 and the second hydraulic work space, which is fluidly connected to the second valve V2, can be supplied with hydraulic medium via the hydraulic line 33.
As with the control device 40 described above, a hydraulic medium pressure level with which the actuating piston restoring force of the actuating piston return spring 47A or 47B of the respective valve V1 or V2 can be overcome leads to an axial displacement of the actuating piston 45A or 45B along the associated first Actuating axis S1 or the second actuating axis S2, the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 of the control device 140 being designed in opposite directions to one another, so that one of the two valves V1 and V2 is lifted off due to the axial displacement of the two actuating pistons 45A and 45B of the valve body 41A or 41B from the associated valve seat 43A or 43B opens and the other valve V1 or V2 by pressing / 54
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21 of the respective valve body 41A or 41B on the associated valve seat 43A or 43B blocks at least in one direction.
In the control device 140 shown in FIG. 3, at a hydraulic medium pressure level with which the actuating piston restoring force of the actuating piston restoring springs 47A and 47B can be overcome, the second valve V2 and the first valve V1 close because an axial displacement of the second actuating piston closes 45B of the second valve V2, based on the illustration in FIG. 3, causes the actuating piston 45B to be displaced to the right, as a result of which the connecting rod 44B, which is fixedly connected to the actuating piston 45B, is also displaced to the right and when the actuating piston reaches the end position 45B no longer presses against the valve body 41B of the second valve V2 and thus no longer lifts it from the associated valve seat 43B. The valve body return spring 42B also presses the valve body 41B back against the valve seat 43B.
A hydraulic medium pressure level with which the actuating piston restoring force of the actuating piston return spring 47A can be overcome likewise causes the first actuating piston 45A of the first valve V1 to be displaced to the right, based on the illustration in FIG. 3, and consequently also displaces the connecting rod 44A to the right, which is firmly connected to the actuating piston 45A. As a result, the valve body 41A of the first valve is raised against the valve body restoring force, which is generated by the valve body return spring 42A, along the stroke axis H1 from the associated valve seat 43A of the first valve, so that the first valve opens.
If the hydraulic medium pressure at the respective actuating pistons 45A and 45B of the first valve V1 and the second V2 is not sufficient to overcome the actuating piston restoring force, as in the state shown in FIG. 3, the actuating piston return springs 47A and 47B each press the 3, to the other end position, in which the valve body 41B of the second valve V2 is lifted against the valve body restoring force along the stroke axis H2 from the associated valve of the 43B with the aid of the connecting rod 44B . This opens the second valve V2. The actuating piston 45A of the first valve is also shifted to the left, based on the illustration in FIG. 3, also by the actuating piston return spring 47A, in particular along the first actuating axis S1. This pulls the connecting rod 44A back from the valve body 41A. As a result / 54
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22, the valve body 41A can be pressed against the associated valve seat 43A by means of the valve body return spring 42A, whereby the first valve V1 is closed at least in one direction. To ensure that a maximum stroke of the actuating pistons 45A and 45B is not exceeded, this control device also has stop elements 84A, 85A, 84B and 85B.
In the control device 140 shown in FIG. 3, the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 are arranged one above the other in a vertical plane, in particular in such a way that the first actuating axis S1 of the first valve V1 runs parallel to the second actuating axis S2 of the second valve V2. As a result, the control device 140 is shorter than the control device 40 described above, the control device 140 shown in FIG. 3 having a second overall length L2.
The shorter overall length L2 of the control device 140 from FIG. 3 has the advantage that the control device can be arranged in the connecting rod such that the first adjusting axis S1 and the second adjusting axis S2 run parallel to the crankshaft axis KW of the connecting rod. As a result, the control device 140, in particular the valves V1 and V2, can be decoupled from the centrifugal forces which occur during a working stroke. This has the advantage that an unintentional, axial displacement of the actuating pistons 45A and 45B along the respective actuating axes S1 and S2, as well as an unintentional lifting of the valve bodies 41A or 41B from the respective valve seat 43A or 43B or undesirable pressing against the respective valve seat 43A or 43B and a consequent, undesirable opening or closing of the valves V1 and V2 can be avoided.
For the arrangement of the two valves V1 and V2 of the control device in a connecting rod according to the invention, a valve housing 50 of similar design is provided for the second valve V2 as in the control device 40 from FIG. 2.
The valve housing 50 of the second valve V2 is screwed into the connecting rod, while the first valve V1 is directly received by the connecting rod itself, i.e. without a valve housing in between. The valve body 41B and the valve body return spring 42B of the second valve V2 are held in the valve housing 50 under pretension by means of a cover D2 screwed into the valve housing 50. The valve body 41A and the valve body return spring 47A are held directly in the connecting rod by means of a closing cover D1 according to the same principle.
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23 As in the control device 40 from FIG. 2, the valve housing 50 forms a control cylinder 48B, in which the actuating piston 45B of the second valve can be axially displaced along its actuating axis S2, and on the cylinder bottom 49B of which the actuating piston return spring 47B is supported. The actuating piston 45A, on the other hand, is accommodated in a control cylinder 48A formed by the connecting rod, the actuating piston return spring 47A also being supported on the associated cylinder base 49A. The actuating piston 45A of the first valve V2 or the control cylinder 48A, in which the actuating piston 45A can be axially displaced, is sealed to the outside by means of a closure cover D3 screwed into the connecting rod. For a good guidance of the valve bodies 41A and 41B, the valves V1 and V2 also each have a wobble guide, not shown.
The actuating pistons 45A and 45B of the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 are each designed as single-acting actuating pistons 45A and 45B and can only be acted upon by hydraulic medium on a side of the actuating piston 45A or 45B facing away from the actuating piston return spring 47A or 47B . As a result, for actuating the control device 140, in particular for actuating the first valve V1 and the second valve V2, i.e. To open and close the two valves V1 and V2, two different hydraulic medium pressure levels are required, in particular a pressure level with which the respective actuating piston return force cannot be overcome, and a pressure level with which the one generated by the respective actuating piston return spring 47A or 47B Adjusting piston restoring force can be overcome.
4 shows a basic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a connecting rod 100 according to the invention, which has a control device 140 with which control of the length adjustment device 20 is possible independently of an applied hydraulic medium pressure level. For this purpose, the control device 240 has a first valve V1 designed as a lift valve and a second valve V2 also designed as a lift valve, as well as a switching valve 80 for actuating the control device 240, the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 each having a double-acting actuating piston 45A or 45B (see FIG. 5), which are each arranged in an axially displaceable control space along an actuating axis S1 or S2. The first valve V1 is fluidly connected or connectable via a first hydraulic channel 25 to the first hydraulic work space of the length adjustment device 20 and the second valve V2 is connected to the second hydraulic work space of the length adjustment device 20 via a second hydraulic channel 26.
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In this case, the switching valve 80 is, in the connecting rod 100 according to the invention shown in FIG. 4, an electromagnetically actuated, hydraulic switching valve for the hydraulic actuation of the control device 240, the switching valve 80 being supplied with hydraulic medium from the connecting rod bearing 35 on the crankshaft side via the hydraulic medium feed line 30 can and is connected via two control lines SL1 and SL2 to the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 of the control device 240 in a fluid-communicating manner.
The two control lines SL1 and SL2 are each connected to the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 of the control device 240 such that the control pistons 45A and 45B of the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 can each be acted upon by a control medium pressure difference.
Depending on the control medium pressure difference present, the first actuating piston 45A and the second actuating piston 45B each assume the first actuating position or the second actuating position, the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 also being designed in opposite directions to one another in the control device 240 and hydraulically with the switching valve 80 are coupled so that in one of the two valves V1 or V2 the associated valve body 41A or 41B is lifted off the associated valve seat 43A or 43B and the valve body 41A or 41B of the other valve V1 or V2 on the associated valve seat 43A or 43B 43B is pressed.
The control medium pressure difference on the two actuating pistons 45A and 45B required to actuate the control device is applied by means of the switching valve 80, the switching valve 80 being designed to fluidly communicate with the first control line SL1 in the first switching state, as shown in FIG. 5 to drain connected control rooms of the two valves V1 and V2 and to discharge hydraulic medium via a drain 31 and to supply hydraulic medium to the control rooms connected to the second control line SL2 in each case via the hydraulic medium supply line 30. As a result, the actuating pistons 45A and 45B each assume the first actuating position, in which the valve body 41B is lifted off the associated valve seat 43B and the valve body 41A of the first valve V1 is pressed against the associated valve seat 43A, and thus a hydraulic medium return from the first working space 23 of the length adjustment device 20 is locked and the second hydraulic working space of the length adjustment device 20 is drained.
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- 25 In the second switching state of the switching valve 80, corresponding to the control rooms of the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 that are fluidly communicating with the first control line SL1, hydraulic medium is supplied via the hydraulic medium supply line 30 and the other fluid communication communicating with the second control line SL2 via the switching valve 80 Control rooms are drained, so that the respective actuating pistons 45A and 45B assume the second actuating position, in which the valve body 41A is lifted off the associated valve seat 43A and the valve body 41B of the second valve V2 is pressed against the associated valve seat 43B and thus a hydraulic medium return from the second Working space 24 of the length adjustment device 20 is blocked and the first hydraulic working space 23 of the length adjustment device 20 is drained.
The additional switching valve 80 enables the control device 240 to be actuated independently of the hydraulic medium pressure level present in the reciprocating piston machine and thus also a length adjustment regardless of the operating state of the reciprocating piston machine, the prerequisite for the use of an additional switching valve 80 being that the first actuating piston 45A and the second Actuating pistons 45B of the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 are each designed as double-acting actuating pistons 45A and 45B.
In the illustration shown in FIG. 5, the control device 240 is in a first switching state, in which a hydraulic medium return from the first hydraulic working chamber 23 of the length adjustment device 20 is blocked by means of the first valve V1 and the second hydraulic working chamber 24 drains with the aid of the second valve V2 is.
In the first switching state of the control device 250 shown in FIG. 5, with each downward stroke of the connecting rod, the negative pressure generated in the first hydraulic working chamber 23 of the length adjustment device 20 during the downward stroke can suck hydraulic medium from the hydraulic medium feed line 30 into the first hydraulic working chamber 23 until the minimum effective connecting rod length is reached.
The hydraulic medium can be sucked in on the one hand via a bypass line 27 and the check valve 70A and on the other hand via the first valve V1 through the throttle 60A and via the first hydraulic channel 25, the spring stiffness of the valve body return spring 42A of the first valve V1 being such is dimensioned by the / 54
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- 26 Suction the valve body restoring force can be overcome and lifting the valve body 41A of the first valve V1 from the associated valve seat 43A and thus opening the first valve V1 can be effected.
In the context of the present disclosure, a throttle or a throttle valve is understood to mean either a separate component or a throttling section of a line.
In the second switching state of the control device, in which, by means of the second valve V2, a hydraulic medium return from the second hydraulic working space 24 of the length adjustment device 20 is blocked while the first working space is drained, the connecting rod can correspondingly be lifted by the connecting rod during each upward stroke in the second hydraulic working space 24 the length adjustment device 20 generated negative pressure, as long as hydraulic medium from the hydraulic medium supply line 30 is sucked into the second hydraulic working space 24 until the maximum effective connecting rod length is reached.
In this case, the hydraulic medium can be sucked in on the one hand via a bypass line 28 and the check valve 70B and on the other hand via the second valve V through the throttle 60B and via the second hydraulic channel 26, the spring stiffness of the valve body return spring 42B of the second valve V2 is also dimensioned such that the valve body restoring force can be overcome by the suction and the valve body 41A B of the second valve V2 can be lifted off the associated valve seat 43B and thus the second valve V2 can be opened.
FIG. 6 shows a control device 340 of a third exemplary embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention in section, this control device being constructed in principle in exactly the same way as the control device 140 explained in detail above with reference to FIG. 3. In contrast to the control device 140 shown in FIG. 3, in the control device 340 shown in FIG. 6, both the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 directly, ie can be accommodated in the connecting rod directly and without an additional valve housing, an axially acting securing element 90 being provided to support the actuating piston return spring 47B. And the valve body 41B and the valve body return spring 42B are held under prestress in the connecting rod via the cover D2, in which case the cover D2 is screwed directly into the connecting rod instead of into the valve housing. With the elimination of the valve housing, some sealing measures that take up space can also be omitted, whereby / 54
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27 the overall length of the control device 340 can be reduced further to the overall length L3.
FIG. 7 shows a control device 440 of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention in section, this control device 440 essentially corresponding to the control device from FIG. 6 and differing only in the geometry of the valve bodies 41A and 41B and the associated valve seats 43A and 43B . In the control device 440 shown in FIG. 7, the valve bodies 41A and 41B are designed in the shape of a truncated cone in their area that can be pressed onto the associated valve seat 43A and 43B, while the valve bodies in the control device 340 from FIG. 6 and in the control devices 40, 140 described above , 240 and 340 are each formed by balls 41A, 41B. The frustoconical valve bodies 41A and 41B enable particularly simple guidance, so that no additional wobble guidance is required, as is the case with balls as valve bodies.
8 and 9 show a control device 540 of a fifth exemplary embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention, this control device 540 being shown in FIG. 8 in a second switching state and in FIG. 9 in a first switching state. In this case, the valve bodies 41A and 41B of the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 are in each case not components separated from the actuating piston 45A or 45B, but rather are fixedly connected to the actuating piston 45A and 45B, in particular by means of a screw connection, the valve bodies 41A and 41B are each formed in one piece with a connecting rod 44A or 44B, the connecting rod 44A or 44B being screwed to the associated actuating piston 45A, 45B.
This has the advantage that valve body reset devices are no longer required, since the pressing of the valve bodies 41A and 41B against the associated valve seats 43A and 43B with a corresponding geometric design, in particular with a correspondingly selected distance between the valve bodies 41A and 41B or adjusting pistons 45A and 45B, takes place automatically by axially displacing the actuating body 45A and 45B. As a result, the control device 540 has an even smaller overall length L4 than the control devices 140, 240, 340 and 440 described above.
As in the previously described valves V1 and V2 of the previously described control devices 140, 340 and 440, the actuating pistons 45A and 45B of the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 are also in this case in each case as single-acting actuating pistons / 54
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- 28 45A and 45B, which can each be acted upon by hydraulic medium supply line 30 and are axially displaceable along an associated actuating axis S1 or S2, in particular in a direction counter to an actuating piston restoring force, which is actuated by means of an actuating piston return spring 47B or 47A is generated.
The two valves V1 and V2 are likewise received directly in the connecting rod, in particular in each case in a blind hole, which in each case forms the control cylinder 48A or 48B. The valve seats 43A and 43B are each part of a valve sleeve 91A or 91B screwed into the connecting rod, which seals the control cylinder 48A or 48B to the outside together with a cover D1 or D2 screwed into the valve sleeve 91A, 91B.
If, in the second switching state of the control device 540, the valve body 41A of the first valve V1 is lifted from the associated valve seat 43A, as shown in FIG. 8, the first hydraulic working chamber 23 of the length adjustment device 20, which communicates in fluid communication with the first valve V1, is drained, the hydraulic medium can be discharged from the first hydraulic working space 23 via the first hydraulic channel 25, through the first valve V1 and the hydraulic line 32 into the connecting rod bearing 35 on the crankshaft side.
In this switching state of the control device 540, the valve body 41B of the second valve V2 is simultaneously pressed against the associated valve seat 43B, as a result of which a hydraulic medium return from the second hydraulic working space 24 of the length adjustment device 20 is blocked. The first valve V1 and the second valve V2 each have drainage channels, via which hydraulic medium can be discharged to drain the associated hydraulic working space 23 or 24 of the length adjustment device 20.
Since in this control device 540, in particular in the valves V1 and V2 designed in this way, the valve bodies 41A and 41B are each firmly connected to the actuating piston 45A or 45B, none of the valve bodies 41A or 41B can be generated by one in the hydraulic working space Vacuum can be lifted from the associated valve seat 43A or 43B, so that hydraulic medium cannot be sucked into the respective hydraulic working space through the first valve V1 and the second valve V2.
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29 For the filling of the hydraulic working spaces 23 and 24, a bypass line 27 or 28 is provided in the control device 540, via which hydraulic medium past the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 into the respective hydraulic working space 23 or 24 respectively Length adjustment device can be sucked. In order to prevent a hydraulic medium return from the respective working space 23 or 24 of the length setting device 20, a check valve 70A between 70B is arranged in each of the two bypass lines 27 and 28.
That is, in the control device 540 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the hydraulic working spaces 23 and 24 of the length adjustment device 20 are not filled either via the associated valve V1 or V2 of the control device 540 and a bypass line 27 or 28, as in the previously described control devices 140, 240, 340 and 440, but in each case only via the associated bypass line 27 or 28 and the respective check valve 70A or 70B.
In the first switching state of the control device 540 shown in FIG. 9, the valve body 41A of the first valve V1 is pressed against the associated valve seat 43A by means of the actuating piston 45A, so that a hydraulic medium return from the first hydraulic working space 23 of the length adjustment device 20 is blocked while the Valve body 41B of the second valve V2 is lifted off by pulling away from the valve seat 43B, as a result of which the second hydraulic working chamber 24 of the length adjustment device 20 is drained. The hydraulic medium is discharged through the second hydraulic channel 26, through the second valve V2 through the hydraulic line 33 into the connecting rod bearing 35 on the crankshaft side.
Of course, a large number of modifications, in particular of structural modifications, are possible without departing from the content of the patent claims.
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- 30 list of reference symbols
100
200
20th21222324th25th26272830th3132, 33 3540140, 240, 340, 440 54041A, 41B 42A, 42B 43A, 43B 44A, 44B 45, 45A, 45B 47, 47A, 47B 48, 48A, 48B 49, 49A, 49B 5060A, 60B 70A, 70B 8084A, 84B 85A, 85B 9091A, 91B
length-adjustable connecting rod with a hydraulic length adjustment device from the prior art connecting rod according to the invention
Detail of a hydraulic system for a connecting rod according to the invention, first connecting rod shaft section, second connecting rod shaft section, small connecting rod eye, large connecting rod eye, hydraulic length adjustment device, first hydraulic cylinder
Piston first hydraulic work space of the length adjustment device second hydraulic work space of the length adjustment device first hydraulic channel second hydraulic channel
Bypass to the first hydraulic work area of the length adjustment device
Bypass to the second hydraulic work area of the length adjustment device
Hydraulic medium supply
drainage
Hydraulic line on the connecting rod bearing on the crankshaft side
Control device from the prior art
Control device of a connecting rod according to the invention
Valve body
Valve body return spring
Valve seat
Connecting rod
Adjusting piston
Actuating piston return spring
Control cylinder
Cylinder bottom
Valve body
throttle
check valve
Switching valve
attack
Stop acting axially securing element
Valve sleeve / 54
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A Longitudinal axis of the connecting rod D1, D2, D3 Sealing cover H1 Stroke axis of the valve body of the first valve H2 Stroke axis of the valve body of the second valve L effective connecting rod length L1 first overall length of the control device L2 second overall length of the control device L3 third overall length of the control device L4 fourth overall length of the control device AL maximum change in effective connecting rod length KW Crankshaft axis S Positioning axis S1 first positioning axis S2 second positioning axis SL1 first control line SL2 second control line V1 first valve of the control device V2 second valve of the control device
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权利要求:
Claims (20)
[1]
Claims
1. Length-adjustable connecting rod (100) for a reciprocating piston machine, in particular for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, comprising:
a hydraulic length adjustment device (20) for adjusting an effective connecting rod length (L) of the connecting rod (100),
a control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) which can be switched between at least two switching states for controlling the length adjustment of the connecting rod (100),
- The length adjustment device (20) has at least one hydraulic cylinder (21) with a piston (22) and a first hydraulic working space (23) and a second hydraulic working space (24),
the control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) has at least a first valve (V1) and a second valve (V2),
- wherein the first valve (V1) of the control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) is fluidly communicating with the first hydraulic working space (23) of the length adjustment device (20) and the second valve (V2) with the second hydraulic Work space (24),
- The first valve (V1) can be actuated with the aid of a first, axially displaceable and hydraulically actuatable actuating piston (45A) along a first actuating axis (S1) and the second valve (V2) can be actuated axially with the aid of a second, along a second actuating axis (S2) and hydraulically actuated control piston (47B), and
- The first actuating axis (S1) of the first valve (V1) of the control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) from the second actuating axis (S2) of the second valve (V2) of the control device (140, 240, 340, 440 , 540) is different.
[2]
2. connecting rod (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first actuating axis (S1) of the first valve (V1) of the control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) and / or the second actuating axis (S2) of the second Valve (V2) of the control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) runs parallel to a crankshaft axis (KW), preferably both the first actuating axis (S1)
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[3]
3. connecting rod (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connecting rod (100) has a first connecting rod shaft section (2) and a second connecting rod shaft section (3), preferably the two connecting rod shaft sections (2, 3) for adjusting an effective Connecting rod length (L) are displaceable relative to one another, in particular along a longitudinal axis (A) of the connecting rod.
[4]
4. connecting rod (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that the two connecting rod shaft sections (2, 3) for adjusting the effective connecting rod length (L) are telescopically displaceable, preferably along the longitudinal axis (A) of the connecting rod, in particular one of the two Connecting rod shaft sections (3) form the hydraulic cylinder (21) of the length adjustment device (20) and the piston (22) of the length adjustment device (20) is fastened to the other connecting rod shaft section (2).
[5]
5. connecting rod (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in a first switching state of the control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) a hydraulic medium return from the first hydraulic working space (23) of the length adjustment device (20) is blocked and the second hydraulic work space (24) of the length adjustment device (20) is drained, wherein in a second switching state of the control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) the first hydraulic work space (23) of the length adjustment device (20) is preferably drained and the hydraulic medium return from the second hydraulic working space (24) of the length adjustment device (20) is blocked.
[6]
6. Connecting rod according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first actuating piston (45A) of the first valve (V1) and / or the second actuating piston (45B) of the second valve (V2) as a single-acting actuating piston (45A, 45B) is formed, the actuating piston (45A, 45B) preferably being axially displaceable in at least one direction against an actuating piston restoring force, and wherein the associated valve (V1, V2) for generating the
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Adjusting piston restoring force preferably has an adjusting piston restoring device (47A, 47B), in particular an adjusting piston restoring spring (47A, 47B).
[7]
7. connecting rod (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in particular according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first actuating piston (45A, 45B) of the first valve (V1) and / or the second actuating piston (45B ) of the second valve (V2) is designed as a double-acting adjusting piston (45A, 45B), the connecting rod (100) for actuating the control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) preferably additionally having a switching valve (80) by means of which a hydraulic medium pressure difference can be applied to the actuating piston (45A, 45B), the switching valve (80) being designed in particular in such a way that in a first switching state of the switching valve (80) there is a first hydraulic medium pressure difference on the actuating piston (45A, 45B) which axially displaces the Actuating piston (45A, 45B) in a first actuating position and in a second switching state of the switching valve (80) a second hydraulic medium pressure difference, which causes an axial displacement of the actuating piston ens (45A, 45B) in a second setting position.
[8]
8. connecting rod (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, in particular according to claim 5, characterized in that the first valve (V1) of the control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) and / or the second valve (V2 ) of the control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) is a lifting valve and has a valve body (41A, 41B) which can be axially displaced along a lifting axis (H1, H2), the valve body (41A, 41B) for blocking the hydraulic medium return the associated hydraulic work space (23, 24) which can be fluidly connected or connected to the valve (V1, V2) can be pressed against a valve seat (43A, 43B) and for draining the associated work space (23, 24) from the valve seat (43A, 43B) The valve body (41A, 41B) can be lifted off the valve seat (43A, 43B), preferably by means of the respective actuating piston (45A, 45B) of the valve (V1, V2).
[9]
9. connecting rod (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that the stroke axis (H1, H2) of at least one stroke valve (V1, V2) parallel to the crankshaft axis
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[10]
10th
[11]
11.
[12]
12.
- 35 (KW), preferably the lifting axes (H1, H2) of all lifting valves (V1, V2) of the control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) running parallel to the crankshaft axis (KW).
Connecting rod (100) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the first valve (V1) of the control device and the second valve (V2) of the control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) each have a lift valve (V1, V2) In the first switching state of the control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) the valve body (41A) of the first valve (V1) bears against the valve seat (43A) and a hydraulic medium return from the first hydraulic working chamber (23) of the length adjustment device ( 20) blocks and the valve body (41B) of the second valve (V2) is lifted off the valve seat (43B) and the second hydraulic working space (24) of the length adjustment device (20) is drained, and wherein in the second switching state of the control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) the valve body (41A) of the first valve (V1) is lifted off the valve seat (43A) and the first hydraulic working space (23) is drained and the valve body (41B) of the second valve (V2) on the valve seat (43B ) anli egt and blocks a hydraulic medium return from the second hydraulic work space (24) of the length adjustment device (20).
Connecting rod (100) according to at least one of Claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the valve body (41A, 41B) of at least one lift valve (V1, V2) at least in a contact area with which the valve body (41A, 41B) contacts the valve seat ( 43A, 43B) can be pressed, is at least partially spherical, conical or truncated cone-shaped, the valve body (41A, 41B) being in particular a ball, a conical body or a truncated cone. Connecting rod (100) according to at least one of Claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the valve body (41A, 41B) of at least one lift valve (V1, V2) is a component separate from the actuating piston (45A, 45B) of the associated valve (V1, V2) The valve body (41A, 41B) can be lifted off the valve seat (43A, 43B) preferably by pushing the valve body (41A, 41B) away from the valve seat (43A, 43B) with the aid of the actuating piston (45A, 45B) of the valve.
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[13]
13.
[14]
14.
[15]
15.
[16]
16.
- 36 connecting rod (100) according to claim 12, characterized in that the valve body (41A, 41B) of at least one lifting valve (V1, V2) can be lifted against the valve body restoring force from the valve seat (43A, 43B), the valve (V1, V2) for generating the valve body restoring force preferably has a valve body restoring device (47A, 47B), by means of which the valve body (41A, 41B) can in particular also be pressed against the valve seat (43A, 43B).
Connecting rod (100) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the connecting rod (100) has a hydraulic medium feed line (30), the first hydraulic working space (23) of the length adjustment device (20) preferably at least via the first valve (V1 ) of the control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) is fluidly communicating with the hydraulic medium supply line (30) or is connectable and / or the second hydraulic working space (24) of the length adjustment device (24) is at least via the second valve (V2 ) of the control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) is fluidly communicating with the hydraulic medium supply line (30) or can be connected, with the valve body (41A, 41B) of the associated lift valve (V1, V2) from the valve seat (43A, 43B) and hydraulic medium through the hydraulic medium supply line (30) the lift valve (V1, V2) of the control device (140, 240, 340, 440, 540) that is or can be connected to this work space (23, 24) in a fluid-communicating manner.
Connecting rod (100) according to at least one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the valve body (41A, 41B) of at least one lift valve (V1, V2) of the control device (540) is fixedly connected to the actuating piston (45A, 45B), wherein the valve body (41A, 41B) can be lifted off the valve seat (43A, 43B) preferably by pulling the valve body (41A, 41B) away from the valve seat by means of the actuating piston (45A, 45B) of the valve (V1, V2) and the pressing of the Valve body (41A, 41B) on the valve seat, in particular also by means of the actuating piston (45A, 45B).
Connecting rod (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 15, in particular according to Claim 15, the connecting rod having a hydraulic medium feed line (30),
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[17]
17th
[18]
18th
[19]
19th
[20]
20th
- 37 characterized in that the hydraulic medium supply line (30) preferably fluidly communicates via a check valve (70A, 70B) with the first hydraulic work space (23) of the length adjustment device (20) and / or the second hydraulic work space (24) of the length adjustment device (20) is connected or connectable, whereby hydraulic medium can be sucked into the respective hydraulic work space (23, 24) via the hydraulic medium feed line (30) through the check valve (70A, 70B), in particular through a negative pressure present in the associated hydraulic work space (23, 24).
Connecting rod according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the first valve (V1) and / or the second valve (V2) of the control device (140) is at least partially, preferably completely, accommodated in the connecting rod with the aid of a valve housing (50), the valve housing (50), in particular, being screwed into the connecting rod.
Connecting rod (100) according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the first valve (V1) and / or the second valve (V2) of the control device (240, 340, 440, 540) is accommodated in the connecting rod without a valve housing.
Reciprocating piston machine, in particular reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, with at least one connecting rod (100), characterized in that the connecting rod (100) is designed according to at least one of Claims 1 to 18.
Vehicle with a reciprocating piston engine, in particular with a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, characterized in that the reciprocating piston internal combustion engine is designed according to claim 19.
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200
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V1
Fig. 6
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Fiq. 8th
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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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EP3519686B1|2020-07-29|

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CN109996944B|2021-08-20|

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EP3519686A1|2019-08-07|

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WO2018060457A1|2018-04-05|

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AT519149B1|2018-11-15|

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CN109996944A|2019-07-09|

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US20200131985A1|2020-04-30|

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US11066988B2|2021-07-20|

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AT521606B1|2018-10-08|2020-03-15|Avl List Gmbh|Hydraulic valve mechanism for adjustable connecting rod|

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AT522194B1|2019-03-08|2020-12-15|Avl List Gmbh|Control slide with separate control piston for a length-adjustable connecting rod|

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AT522503B1|2019-05-15|2021-04-15|Avl List Gmbh|Length-adjustable connecting rod with multi-part control slide|

法律状态:
2019-07-15| PC| Change of the owner|Owner name: AVL LIST GMBH, AT Effective date: 20190515 Owner name: IWIS MOTORSYSTEME GMBH & CO. KG, DE Effective date: 20190515 |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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ATA50888/2016A|AT519149B1|2016-09-30|2016-09-30|Length adjustable connecting rod with control device|ATA50888/2016A| AT519149B1|2016-09-30|2016-09-30|Length adjustable connecting rod with control device|

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PCT/EP2017/074836| WO2018060457A1|2016-09-30|2017-09-29|Length-adjustable connecting rod with control device|

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US16/338,382| US11066988B2|2016-09-30|2017-09-29|Length-adjustable connecting rod with control device|

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EP17777273.8A| EP3519686B1|2016-09-30|2017-09-29|Length-adjustable connecting rod with control device|

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CN201780073329.2A| CN109996944B|2016-09-30|2017-09-29|Length-adjustable connecting rod with control device|