• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the on-line determination of the viscosity of a present in a processing, especially extrusion, present in doughy to liquid form of the polymer. According to the invention, it is provided that for the online determination of the viscosity of the polymer (10) at least one batch of the polymer being processed is branched off and fed to the measuring volume (40) of a measuring unit (12), that a predetermined volume of the respective batch Loading the batch with a predetermined pressure by a measuring nozzle formed in the measuring unit (3) is pressed out of the measuring volume (40), - that the period of time for the extrusion of the predetermined volume of the batch through the measuring nozzle (3) is measured, - that this determined measured values are used for the calculation of the viscosity of the polymer, and - that before filling the measuring volume (40) with the polymer to be measured, the measuring volume (40) is rinsed at least once with an amount of the polymer to be processed.
    公开号:AT518911A1
    申请号:T50638/2016
    申请日:2016-07-18
    公开日:2018-02-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Erema Eng Recycling Maschinen & Anlagen Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Summary
    The invention relates to a method and a device for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer which is in processing, in particular extrusion, and is present in pasty to liquid form.
    According to the invention,
    - that for online determination of the viscosity of the polymer (10) at least one batch of the polymer in processing is branched off and fed to the measuring volume (40) of a measuring unit (12),
    that a predetermined volume of the respective batch is pressed out of the measuring volume (40) by applying a predetermined pressure to the batch through a measuring nozzle (3) formed in the measuring unit,
    - That the time period for pressing out the predetermined volume of the batch is measured by the measuring nozzle (3),
    - that these measured values are used to calculate the viscosity of the polymer, and
    - That before the measurement volume (40) is filled with the polymer to be measured, the measurement volume (40) is rinsed at least once with an amount of the polymer to be processed.
    / 18th
    The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and further to an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the preamble of patent claim 8.
    Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for processing, in particular for recycling processing, a polymer, the polymer being melted and the method for online determination of the viscosity of the polymer according to one of claims 1 to 5 being used, and a device for processing, in particular for recycling processing , of a polymer, with a melting unit for the polymer, preferably an extruder, and an attached device for online determination of the viscosity according to one of claims 8 to 12.
    When processing polymers, in particular thermoplastic polymers, knowledge of the properties, in particular of their viscous properties, is of great importance. If polymers are to be evaluated with regard to their viscous properties, there are evaluation methods that are coordinated with the different polymers and are carried out to a large extent offline, i.e. mostly in the laboratory. However, it is of increasing importance to record these properties directly in or during the processing process (es). Usually and in particular in the case of polymers to be recycled, these polymers are pretreated, usually comminuted and processed in a cutting container with tools. Melting does not take place yet, but heating or softening takes place during the dwell time in this container. The pretreated material for melting is fed from this container to an extruder.
    The processing of polymers therefore usually involves an extrusion process. The polymer is usually melted completely and the viscosity can be determined by various known methods.
    Many of the known online measuring systems are limited by impurities. These systems often work with small melt pumps that have gaps in the range of 20 pm. In polyolefin recycling, depending on the end application, contamination from 100pm to 1000pm in the melt is common. In such an environment, the known systems are not durable.
    It is an object of the present invention to create a simply constructed and permanently stable, reliable device and a method for online viscosity determination which delivers exact measured values. In particular, long-term measurements should be possible without interrupting the processing of the polymer.
    2/18
    For this purpose, the features of claim 1 are provided, namely that for online determination of the viscosity of the polymer, at least one batch, preferably running in succession at time intervals, branches off a number of batch (s), of the polymer being processed, and the measurement volume one Measuring unit is supplied,
    that a predetermined volume of the respective batch is pressed out of the measuring volume by applying a predetermined pressure to the batch through a measuring nozzle formed in the measuring unit, optionally with a piston which is acted upon by a predetermined, preferably constant, force,
    that the time period for pressing the predetermined volume of the batch through the measuring nozzle is measured,
    - that these measured values are used to calculate the viscosity of the polymer, and
    - Before the measuring volume is filled with the polymer to be measured, the measuring volume and possibly also the feed line for the polymer to the measuring volume is rinsed at least once with an amount of the polymer to be processed.
    A device according to the invention is characterized in that an extruder, preferably a removal unit preferably formed by a pipeline, is connected to the melting unit for removing batches of the polymer present in doughy to liquid form.
    the removal unit is connected via a shut-off unit to a measuring unit, preferably comprising an elongated measuring volume, which has a measuring nozzle through which the batch supplied to the measuring volume can be squeezed out of the measuring volume in whole or in part by pressure loading with a pressure force generator,
    that a time measuring unit is provided for measuring the time period for squeezing out the predetermined amount of polymer through the measuring nozzle,
    that an evaluation unit is provided for calculating the viscosity from the time measurement values obtained, and
    - That a control unit for actuating the shut-off unit and the pressure force generator is provided, with which the shut-off unit can be adjusted in the open or closed position at predetermined times, with which the flow from polymer to the measurement volume can be controlled and this polymer can be used for flushing or measurement purposes.
    The rinsing between the measurements means that the
    3/18
    Polymers and continuous determination of the viscosity values possible. The measured values are not influenced by deposits in the device, residues from previous measurements and contamination, in particular in the measurement volume.
    The predetermined volume of the batch to be measured can be introduced into the measuring volume after the polymer used for cleaning has been completely discharged from the measuring volume or the piston cylinder. The force acting on the piston is not influenced or changed by deposits or clumps during the piston movement.
    The rinsing process can be carried out quickly and efficiently if the polymer fed to the measuring volume for rinsing is derived from the measuring volume through the measuring nozzle and / or at least one discharge channel, preferably in the upper region of the measuring volume or in the end region of the measuring volume opposite the measuring nozzle. The rinsing process is easy to integrate into the measuring process if the polymer used for rinsing is supplied by the pressure to the measuring volume that it has at its branch point when it is processed. For the measurement, it is provided that at the end of the rinsing process, the supply of the polymer to the measuring volume is stopped and either further polymer is branched off and fed to the measuring volume and pressed out through the measuring nozzle or, as a batch to be measured, the polymer of the rinsing process that is still in the measuring volume as a branched batch the measuring nozzle is pressed out and the duration of the pressing out is measured.
    Depending on the temperature and the degree of softening of the polymer, it is provided that the measurement volume and, if applicable, the discharge channel are rinsed with an amount of polymer which is greater than the volume of the measurement volume and the supply channel leading from the branch point to the measurement volume and, if necessary, at least twice as much is big like these two volumes together.
    The invention further relates to a method for processing, in particular for recycling processing, a polymer, the polymer being melted and the method for online determination of the viscosity of the polymer according to one of claims 1 to 5 being used. It is advantageous if the measured values determined are used to control the processing method, in particular the melting process of the polymer, and / or the control of the extruder, in particular its speed, where appropriate influencing a downstream melt valve or a downstream granulate switch and the polymer produced is separated or sorted according to its viscosity. An advantageously suitable device
    4/18 is characterized in that the device or the melting unit is followed by a granulate switch or a melting valve, to which the polymer to be measured with regard to its viscosity can be fed.
    A structurally simple structure, which allows quick and exact measurements, while at the same time the measurement volume can be flushed quickly and well and in particular can be easily freed of residual impurities, if the mouth of the pipeline of the extraction unit and the mouth of the discharge channel at opposite end areas of the measurement volume lie and / or the measuring nozzle and the mouth of the discharge channel are arranged in mutually vertically opposite end regions of the measuring volume.
    Defined control of the flushing process and measuring process is achieved by an exact switching of the shut-off unit and / or by the fact that the mouth of the discharge channel can be closed by the piston of the pressure force generator at the beginning of the movement of the piston into the measuring volume. The piston closes the discharge channel and after completion of the discharge channel, the measuring process or pressing through the measuring nozzle can begin.
    A device according to the invention is shown schematically in the drawing.
    Fig. 1 shows the device according to the invention with a piston in the upper end position. 2 shows the device with the piston retracted into the measuring volume.
    As can be seen from the drawing, a pipeline 1 is connected to a processing unit 10 of the polymer, preferably an extruder, for the removal of the polymer 10 present in at least doughy to liquid form in predetermined quantities or for batch removal.
    The withdrawal unit 1 is connected to a shut-off unit 2, e.g. Control valve, a measuring volume 40 connected, which has a measuring nozzle 3, through which measuring nozzle 3 a predetermined amount of a batch filling the measuring volume 40 can be squeezed out by loading the batch by means of a pressure ram 6. Furthermore, a measuring unit 21 for measuring the duration of the batch being pressed out by the measuring nozzle 3 and an evaluation unit 29 for calculating the viscosity from the time measurement values obtained are provided. Alternatively, the distance traveled by the piston 6 in a predetermined time unit to determine the amount of the polymer 10 squeezed out by the measuring nozzle 3 could also be measured.
    It is thus at a selectable point in the extrusion system 5, at which point the polymer to be processed or the corresponding polymer mixture is present in a transportable form.
    5/18 the measuring device 12 for viscosity determination is connected directly to the extrusion system 5 or the removal unit and the flowable polymer 10 is passed into the measuring device 12 for measurement.
    The measuring device 12 essentially comprises the time measuring unit 21, the extraction unit with the pipeline 1 and the shut-off unit 2, e.g. a shut-off valve. The removal unit can be designed differently; it is essential that the polymer can be passed to the measuring volume 40 as simply and quickly as possible. The shut-off valve 2 is located between the extrusion system and the measuring volume 40 in the pipeline 1. The dimensioning and design of the device according to the invention are chosen so that the influence of the removed batch of the polymer 10 by dwell time, temperature etc. is as small as possible in order to to obtain the representative measurement corresponding to the main stream in the extruder 5. The removal unit 1 is advantageously designed such that it extends into the inner region of a melt channel bound by an extruder in order to be able to remove a representative amount of polymer there.
    The measuring unit 12 includes an interchangeable measuring nozzle 3 (MFR nozzle), which can optionally be selected from a number of measuring nozzles of different cross-section. Furthermore, a piston 6 with a selectable or changeable weight or with an adjustable pressure force generator 30 is adjustably arranged in a cylinder 8, which can be temperature-controlled and defines the measuring volume 40. The weight or the pressure force generator 30 loads via the piston 6 fitted into the cylinder 8, which pushes the polymer 10 through the measuring nozzle 3. With the time measuring unit 21, the time period for squeezing out the polymer in the measuring volume 40 or a predetermined portion is measured.
    In addition to measuring the viscosity, the temperature and pressure of the melt can also be measured. The cylinder 8 and thus the measuring volume 40 can be regulated with respect to its temperature, that is to say heated or cooled. For the temperature control, the temperature of the cylinder 8 is measured and e.g. this temperature can be set with an electric heating or cooling system.
    With the help of a control system 29 or computer system which controls the shut-off unit 2 or the pressure load of the piston 6, the measuring process can be automated or partially automated. The movement of the piston 6, in particular the longitudinal movement of the piston 6, can be precisely recorded in order to measure the duration of the pressing out of the batch, in particular in order to carry out automation. This allows the volume of polymer pressed out to be specified or determined exactly. It turned out to be
    6/18 proved to be effective in continuously recording the distance traveled by the volumetric piston 6 and thus in determining the squeezed volume. This enables the measuring method to be adapted to different measuring times, polymers, etc. For this purpose, an upper starting point and a lower end point of the piston 6 are defined or recorded. This can e.g. by passing a certain piston point through a light barrier. By determining the piston path covered, the squeezed volume of the batch can be determined or the squeezing out of a certain amount of polymer can be determined by the piston path. The time period for pressing out can thus be measured with a fixed piston travel or the time period for pressing out can be measured with fixed pressure in order to obtain the required measured values.
    In practice, the measuring process can proceed as follows:
    The melt from the processing system, the pressure of which is determined by the tool that follows the extruder or is loaded with polymer by the extruder, presses the measuring piston 6 into its upper position (FIG. 1) via the pipeline 1 and fills the cylinder 8 or the measuring volume 40. If the piston 6 is in the upper position, the supply of melt is interrupted and the measuring process of the batch 4 is started by lowering the piston 6. The piston 6 can be held in its upper position by a device, in particular by a mechanical or hydraulic or geometric device, until the inlet or the pipeline 1 is completely closed. When there is no longer any back pressure or the pressure in the measuring volume 40 has decreased, the piston 6 is released. Then the measuring piston 6 moves downward due to its weight or by the application of a pressure force generator 30 (FIG. 2) and presses the polymer through the measuring nozzle 3. The geometry of the measuring nozzle 3, the temperature of the polymer in the measuring volume 40 and the piston pressure become corresponding the standard or selected according to specifications. The time is recorded until the piston 6 has reached a predetermined or its lowest point. A distance measurement can be carried out for this. The MFR (Melt Flow Rate) in g / 10min or MVR (Melt Volume Rate) cm ^ / 10min can be calculated from the known geometries and the measured time based on DIN EN ISO 1133-2. It is also possible to calibrate the measuring unit with substances of known viscosity. Then the measured time can be set directly in proportion to the viscosity.
    By precisely recording the environmental parameters, in particular the melt temperature, the values determined can be corrected and the values specified by the standard obtained. Due to its small amount in the measuring volume 40, the melt temperature of the polymer basically approaches the temperature of the measuring cylinder 8, which temperature of the measuring cylinder 8 is set according to the standard.
    7/18
    Instead of the weight of the piston 6, a pressure force generator 30 can be used, which loads the piston 6 with a predetermined, constant pressure force that may be adapted to the consistency of the polymer.
    A vibration decoupling between an extruder and the measuring apparatus or the device according to the invention has proven to be positive in order to prevent a change in the speed of movement of the piston 6 due to vibrations of the extruder. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the measuring apparatus or the measuring volume can be adjusted vertically independently of the extruder or the pipeline 1, in order to minimize influences on the movement of the piston 6 by the installation.
    Furthermore, it has proven positive to provide thermal decoupling from the environment. This can be done relatively easily with covers and suitable insulation. Since the temperature control is an important feature for the precision of the measurement, e.g. neither warm nor cold air currents influence the temperature of the measuring apparatus. If the temperature of the cylinder 8 is only carried out with a heater, then a natural convection must be provided so that the cylinder 8 can also be cooled.
    It has proven to be advantageous to provide a discharge or overflow channel 25 with which the measuring volume 40 or the cylinder 8 can be quickly flushed when the piston 6 is in its upper position. This cleaning of the measuring volume 40 allows continuous operation for days, weeks, months without cleaning the measuring apparatus. By using an automated measurement process, the measured data can be recorded and a long-term trend can be determined.
    The discharge channel 25 has an opening 26 in the upper region of the measuring volume 40 and, because of its cross section, enables a rapid rinsing process. In order to be able to rinse the measurement volume 40 as completely as possible, the mouth 26 is formed at one end of the preferably elongated, in particular cylindrical, measurement volume 40, preferably the piston-side end, and the mouth 26 of the pipeline 1 at the other, opposite end. When entering or moving into the measurement volume 40, the piston 6 can close the mouth 26 in order to prevent an undesired escape of polymer, and the measurement process can begin.
    By following the measurement apparatus to the standard, one also has the possibility to calculate viscosities of those polymers, which are usually not in MFR or MVR
    8/18 and for which corresponding conversion formulas or models exist.
    Therefore, e.g. the viscosity of polyester can also be measured.
    Of particular note are the simplicity and the robustness of the measuring principle and the measuring device. For this reason, this measuring device can also be used for soiled plastics that contain coarse impurities.
    The viscosity is measured on polymers at a temperature above the Vicat softening temperature, optionally within the melting range of the polymer, but preferably in the temperature range in which the polymer is completely melted.
    In principle, the discharge channel 25 is not required. If the mouth 27 of the pipeline 1 lies in the upper end region of the measuring volume 40, the measuring volume 40 can be flushed with polymer which emerges through the measuring nozzle 3 when the piston 6 is in its upper end position.
    9/18
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    Claims
    1. A method for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer present in processing, in particular extrusion, in dough to liquid form, characterized in that
    - That for online determination of the viscosity of the polymer (10) at least one batch, preferably successively in succession at intervals, a number of batch (s), from the polymer in processing, branched off and fed to the measuring volume (40) of a measuring unit (12) becomes,
    - That a predetermined volume of the respective batch by applying a predetermined pressure to the batch through a measuring nozzle (3) formed in the measuring unit, optionally with a piston (6) loaded with a predetermined, preferably constant, force, from the measuring volume (40) is squeezed out
    - That the time period for pressing out the predetermined volume of the batch is measured by the measuring nozzle (3),
    - that these measured values are used to calculate the viscosity of the polymer, and
    - Before the measuring volume (40) is filled with the polymer to be measured, the measuring volume (40) and possibly also the feed line (1) for the polymer (10) to the measuring volume (40) is rinsed at least once with an amount of the polymer to be processed .
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer (10) supplied to the measuring volume (40) for rinsing from the measuring volume (40) through the measuring nozzle (3) and / or at least one, preferably in the upper region of the measuring volume (40 ) or in the discharge channel (25) located in the end region of the measurement volume (40) opposite the measurement nozzle (3).
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the polymer used for rinsing is supplied by the pressure to the measuring volume (40) which it has at its branch point (41) when it is processed.
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at the end of the rinsing process the supply of the polymer (10) to the measuring volume (4, 5) is stopped and either further polymer is branched off and fed to the measuring volume (40) and through the measuring nozzle (3) is squeezed out or as the batch to be measured the polymer of the rinsing process still in the measuring volume (4, 5) as a branched off batch
    10/18 pressed out through the measuring nozzle (3) and the duration of the pressing out is measured.
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the measurement volume (40) and optionally the discharge channel (25) is flushed with an amount of polymer which is greater than the volume of the measurement volume (40) and that of the branch point (41) up to the measuring volume (45) leading supply channel (1) and possibly twice as large as these two volumes together.
    [6]
    6. Process for processing, in particular for recycling processing, a polymer, the polymer being melted and the process for online determination of the viscosity of the polymer according to one of claims 1 to 5 being used.
    [7]
    7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the measured values determined for the control of the processing method, in particular the melting process of the polymer, and / or the control of the extruder, in particular its speed, are used, optionally influencing a downstream melt valve or Subordinate granulate switch is made and the polymer produced is separated or sorted according to its viscosity.
    [8]
    8. Device for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer present in processing, in particular extrusion, in dough to liquid form, the device comprising a melting unit (5) for the polymer, in particular for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized,
    - That an extruder, preferably a removal unit (1), preferably formed by a pipeline (1), is connected to the melting unit (5) for removing batches of the polymer (10) in doughy to liquid form,
    - That the removal unit (1) is connected via a shut-off unit (2) to a measuring unit (12) comprising a preferably elongated measuring volume (40), which has a measuring nozzle (3) through which the batch supplied to the measuring volume (40) a whole or a predetermined part can be squeezed out of the measuring volume (40) by a pressure load with a pressure force transmitter (30),
    - that a time measuring unit (21) is provided for measuring the duration of the pressing out of the predetermined amount of polymer through the measuring nozzle (3),
    - that an evaluation unit (29) is provided for calculating the viscosity from the time measurement values obtained, and
    - That a control unit (20) for actuating the shut-off unit (2) and the pressure force generator (30) is provided, with which the shut-off unit (2) is adjustable at predetermined times in the open or closed position, whereby the flow of
    11/18
    Polymer (10) to the measuring volume (40) controllable and this polymer for rinsing or
    Measuring purposes can be used.
    [9]
    9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the pressure force generator is a piston (5, 6) which can be moved back and forth in the measurement volume and / or that a discharge channel (25) is connected to the measurement volume (40).
    [10]
    10. The device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the mouth (27) of the pipeline (1) of the extraction unit and the mouth (26) of the discharge channel (25) are located at opposite end regions of the measuring volume (40).
    [11]
    11. The device according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the mouth (26) of the discharge channel (25) from the piston (6) of the pressure force generator (30) at the beginning of the movement of the piston (6) into the measuring volume (40 ) is lockable.
    [12]
    12. Device according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the measuring nozzle (3) and the mouth (26) of the discharge channel (25) are arranged in mutually vertically opposite end regions of the measuring volume (40).
    [13]
    13. A device for processing, in particular for recycling processing, a polymer, with a melting unit (5) for the polymer (10), preferably an extruder, and a device (12) connected thereto for online determination of the viscosity according to one of claims 8 to 12th
    [14]
    14. The device according to claim 13, characterized in that the device or the melting unit (5) is followed by a granulate switch or a melting valve which can be supplied with the polymer measured in terms of its viscosity.
    12/18
    1/2
    Fig. 1
    13/18
    2/2
    Fig. 2
    14/18
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50638/2016A|AT518911B1|2016-07-18|2016-07-18|Process and device for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer|ATA50638/2016A| AT518911B1|2016-07-18|2016-07-18|Process and device for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer|
    CN201780044758.7A| CN109477781B|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|Method and device for determining the viscosity of a polymer on-line|
    KR1020197004625A| KR102313383B1|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|Method and device for online determination of viscosity of polymers|
    US16/318,352| US10969320B2|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|Method and device for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer|
    JP2019502251A| JP6909852B2|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|Online measurement method and equipment for polymer viscosity|
    PT177452414T| PT3485250T|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|Method and device for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer|
    AU2017298002A| AU2017298002B2|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|Method and device for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer|
    PCT/AT2017/060178| WO2018014060A1|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|Method and device for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer|
    BR112019000403A| BR112019000403A2|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|process and device for determining the viscosity of a polymer online|
    UAA201901151A| UA123410C2|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|Method and device for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer|
    CA3031046A| CA3031046A1|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|Method and device for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer|
    TW106124000A| TWI739863B|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|Method and apparatus for the online determination of the viscosity of a polymer, and method for processing polymer using the same|
    HUE17745241A| HUE053298T2|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|Method and device for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer|
    DK17745241.4T| DK3485250T3|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING THE VISCOSITY OF A POLYMER ONLINE|
    EP17745241.4A| EP3485250B1|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|Method and device for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer|
    ES17745241T| ES2857709T3|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|Procedure and device for the online determination of the viscosity of a polymer|
    RU2019103436A| RU2741756C2|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|Method, an apparatus for online determination of polymer viscosity and a method of processing a polymer|
    SI201730651T| SI3485250T1|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|Method and device for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer|
    PL17745241T| PL3485250T3|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|Method and device for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer|
    MX2019000324A| MX2019000324A|2016-07-18|2017-07-18|Method and device for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer.|
    ZA2018/08605A| ZA201808605B|2016-07-18|2018-12-20|Method and device for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer|
    HRP20210304TT| HRP20210304T1|2016-07-18|2021-02-23|Method and device for online determination of the viscosity of a polymer|
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