• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A gas engine (10) having at least one cylinder (11), the or each cylinder (11) having a main combustion chamber (12) for combusting a fuel gas-air mixture and coupled to the main combustion chamber (12) via an overflow passage (14). purged pre-chamber (13), and with at least one exhaust gas turbocharger (15) having a turbine (16) for venting from the or each cylinder (11) exhaust and a compressor (18, 22) for compression of the or each cylinder ( 11) to be supplied with air, and with a plurality of air paths for the or each cylinder (11) ~ supplied air, via a first air path (17) with a first compressor (18) at least air compressible and the main combustion chamber (12) of the or each Cylinder (11) can be supplied, and wherein via a second air path (21) with a second compressor (22) a fuel gas-air mixture can be compressed and the antechamber (13) of the or each cylinder (11) can be fed.
    公开号:AT518811A2
    申请号:T285/2017
    申请日:2017-07-06
    公开日:2018-01-15
    发明作者:Kunkel Christian；Bauer Markus
    申请人:Man Diesel & Turbo Se；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a gas engine and a method for operating a gas engine.
    Gas engines known in practice, which serve for the combustion of a gaseous fuel, have at least one cylinder, wherein a fuel gas-air mixture is burned in the cylinders. The cylinders of gas engines known in practice typically have a main combustion chamber and an antechamber coupled to the main combustion chamber via at least one overflow channel. It is known to supply the main combustion chamber, a fuel gas-air mixture of fuel gas and air, wherein the pre-chamber for purge pure fuel gas is supplied. Furthermore, it is customary in gas engines known from practice, exhaust gas, which is obtained in the combustion of the fuel gas-air mixture in the cylinders of the gas engine, one or more exhaust gas turbocharger, namely a turbine to supply an exhaust gas turbocharger, wherein during the expansion of the exhaust gas in the Turbine obtained energy is used to at least the or each cylinder to be supplied air, so-called charge air or combustion air to compress. The fuel gas can be admixed in known from practice gas engines either before or after the compressor via one or more mixing points of the compressed charge air.
    There is an increasing need to improve the efficiency of gas engines and to reduce exhaust emissions.
    On this basis, the present invention has the object to provide a novel gas engine and a method for operating a gas engine. This object is achieved by a gas engine according to claim 1. According to the invention, the gas engine has a plurality of air paths for the combustion air to be supplied to the or each cylinder, at least air being compressible via a first air path with a first compressor and the main combustion chamber of the or each cylinder can be supplied, and via a second air path with a second compressor, a fuel gas Air mixture compressible and the antechamber of the or each cylinder can be fed.
    According to the invention, two air paths for combustion air are present, namely the first air path, via which the main combustion chamber of the or each cylinder compressed combustion air can be fed, and the second air path through which a compressed fuel gas-air mixture of the antechamber of the or each cylinder can be supplied to the rinse , According to the invention, therefore, the flushing of the pre-chamber of the or each cylinder does not take place with pure fuel gas, but rather with a fuel gas-air mixture. This ignition conditions can be improved and thus an optimized combustion of the fuel gas can be ensured, which on the one hand a
    Efficiency improvement can be realized and on the other hand, exhaust emissions can be reduced.
    According to an advantageous development of the first air path and the second air path are coupled via a check valve such that the second air path, a portion of the second compressor compressed fuel gas-air mixture in the first air path downstream of the first compressor can be introduced. Hereby, the gas engine can be operated particularly advantageous.
    Preferably, the first compressor of the first air path compresses a fuel gas-air mixture and supplies the same to the main combustion chamber of the or each cylinder. The variant in which the first compressor also compresses a fuel gas / air mixture is particularly preferred.
    According to an advantageous development, exhaust gas recirculation cooperates with the first air path but not with the second air path, the exhaust gas recirculation branching off exhaust gas upstream of the turbine and branching off downstream of the first compressor to the first air path and / or downstream of the turbine and upstream of the first compressor to the first air path supplies. Advantages of the two air paths come into their own, especially when the gas engine uses exhaust gas recirculation. The higher the so-called exhaust gas recirculation rate, the more the advantage of the mixture-purged prechamber of the respective cylinder has an effect with regard to an improvement in the efficiency and reduction of exhaust emissions. By flushing the pre-chamber with a fuel gas-air mixture, a significantly improved homogeneity in the pre-chamber, thus an accelerated pressure fire and a significantly lower soot formation during combustion can be realized especially in gas engines with exhaust gas recirculation.
    Lower deposits of carbon blacks are formed in the prechamber and on an ignition device which serves to ignite the fuel gas / air mixture.
    Preferably, the second air path downstream of the second compressor is associated with a further compressor, wherein the further compressor is arranged in the second air path downstream of the second compressor, and wherein a check valve having a coupling line of the first and second air path between the second compressor and the further compressor from the second Air path branches off in the direction of the first air path. About the other compressor can be ensured that the pressure of the fuel gas-air mixture in the second air path is always above the pressure in the antechamber of the respective cylinder, so that the prechamber of the respective cylinder can always be safely flushed with the fuel gas-air mixture , The use of the further compressor is particularly advantageous if this pressure can not always be maintained or adjusted via the second compressor. In this case, the corresponding pressure for the fuel gas-air mixture in the second air path can then be set via a further compressor, which is preferably driven by an electric motor.
    The first compressor and the second compressor are drivable together starting from a common turbine or from separate turbines. Then, when the first compressor and the second compressor are drivable starting from a common turbine, the device complexity can be reduced.
    The method of operating a gas engine is defined in claim 11.
    Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings. Showing:
    1 shows a first gas engine according to the invention;
    2 shows a second gas engine according to the invention;
    3 shows a third gas engine according to the invention; and
    4 shows a fourth gas engine according to the invention.
    The present invention relates to a gas engine and a method for operating such a gas engine.
    1 shows a highly schematic diagram of a first gas engine 10 according to the invention, which comprises a plurality of cylinders 11. Each of the cylinders 11 has a main combustion chamber 12 and an antechamber 13, wherein the pre-chamber 13 is coupled to the main combustion chamber 12 of the respective cylinder 11 via an overflow channel 14.
    In the cylinders 11 of the gas engine 10, namely in the region of the main combustion chambers 12 of the cylinder 11, a mixture of fuel gas and air is burned, wherein the resulting exhaust gas via an exhaust gas turbocharger 15, namely a turbine 16 of the exhaust gas turbocharger 15, is performed. In this case, energy obtained in the region of the turbine 16 of the exhaust-gas turbocharger 15 is used for compressing combustion air, which is then fed to the cylinders 11 of the gas engine 10 as compressed combustion air or charge air.
    The gas engine 10 according to the invention has a plurality of air paths for the combustion air, at least air 19 is compressed via a first air path 17 with a first compressor 18 and the main combustion chamber 12 of the respective cylinder 11 is supplied as compressed charge air 20, and wherein a second air path 21 a second compressor 22 compressed air 19 and fuel gas 23 in the form of a fuel gas-air mixture 24 and as a compressed fuel gas-air mixture 25 the prechambers 13 of the cylinder 11 is supplied.
    By flushing the pre-chambers 13 of the cylinder 11 of the gas engine 10 with the fuel gas-air mixture 25 better ignition conditions can be provided, so that sets an improved combustion and thus an improvement in efficiency. Furthermore, lower exhaust emissions can be ensured.
    The first air path 17 and the second air path 21 are connected or coupled via a coupling line 26 to a check valve 27 connected to the coupling line 26, in such a way that starting from the second air path 21 a portion of the compressed fuel gas compressed in the second compressor 22. Mixture 25 in the first air path 17 downstream of the first compressor 18 can be introduced, whereas an overflow from the first air path 17 is excluded in the second second air path 21.
    In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1, both compressors 18, 22 of the two air paths 17, 21 can be driven by the common turbine 16.
    Fig. 1 can be seen that in the first air path 17 downstream of the coupling line 26 and thus downstream. the first compressor 18, an intercooler 28 is integrated.
    The provision of the fuel gas-air mixture 24 to be compressed in the second compressor 22 of the second air path 21 takes place via a mixing device 29, which mixes fuel gas 23 with combustion air 19, wherein this mixing device 29 may preferably be a Venturi nozzle.
    2, wherein to avoid unnecessary repetition for the embodiment of FIG. 2, the same reference numerals are used as in the embodiment of FIG. 1 and will be discussed below only on such details, through which the Embodiment of FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment of FIG. 1.
    Those optional but preferred developments, which Fig. 2 shows, can either alone or in any combination with each other on the gas engine 10 of FIG. 1 are used.
    2, the first compressor 18 of the first air path 17 is not exclusively the compression of combustion air 19, but the compression of the combustion air 19 and the fuel gas 23, wherein a corresponding fuel gas-air mixture 30 is provided by a mixing device 31 , which in turn is preferably designed as a Venturi nozzle. Downstream of the first compressor is then a compressed fuel gas-air mixture 30 'before.
    Furthermore, it is provided in the gas engine 10 of FIG. 2 that it uses at least one exhaust gas recirculation, via a first exhaust gas recirculation 32 exhaust gas upstream of the turbine 16 branchable and downstream of the first compressor 18 in the direction of the first air path 17 feasible and downstream of the first compressor 18th with the compressed fuel gas-air mixture 30'mischbar. Alternatively or additionally, exhaust gas downstream of the turbine 16 can be branched off via a second exhaust gas recirculation 33 and mixed with the fuel gas / air mixture 30 upstream of the first compressor 18. In this case, the first compressor 18 then compresses a mixture of exhaust gas, fuel gas and charge air. The exhaust gas recirculation 32 uses a control element 34 and the exhaust gas recirculation 33 uses a control element 35 to adjust the amount of recirculated exhaust gas. The control elements 34, 35 are typically exhaust gas recirculation flaps. Downstream of the control element 35, a heat exchanger 36 is integrated in the exhaust gas recirculation 33 in order to cool the recirculated exhaust gas.
    A further difference of the gas engine 10 of FIG. 2 compared to the gas engine 10 of FIG. 1 is that in the second air path 21 downstream of the second compressor 22, a further compressor 37 is integrated, wherein the coupling line 26, via which the two air paths 17th 21, between the two compressors 22, 37 of the second air path 21 branches off from the second air path 21 and leads in the direction of the first air path 17. This additional compressor 37 can be used for further compression of the fuel-air mixture 25 to always ensure a pressure level, which ensures a safe flushing of the pre-chambers 13 with the fuel gas-air mixture. The pressure of the fuel gas-air mixture in the second air path 21 is always above the prechamber pressure.
    Preferably, it is provided for this purpose that the pressure downstream of the second compressor 22 in the second air path 21 is greater than the pressure downstream of the first compressor 18 in the first air path 17. This can be ensured via a corresponding configuration of the compressor 18, 22. Alternatively or additionally via the further compressor 37, which is preferably driven by an electric motor.
    A further variant of the invention is shown in FIG. 3, wherein in FIG. 3 a gas engine 10 is shown, which comprises two exhaust gas turbochargers 15 and thus two turbines 16. Exhaust gas from cylinders 11 of a first cylinder group is passed via the exhaust gas turbocharger 15 or the turbine 16 of that exhaust gas turbocharger 15, which drives the first compressor 18 of the first air path 17, whereas exhaust gas from cylinders 11 is fed to a second cylinder group of the turbine 16 of that exhaust gas turbocharger 15, which drives the second compressor 19 of the second air path 21. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, therefore, in contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 1, the two compressors 18, 22 driven by separate turbines 16. With regard to all other details, however, the embodiment of FIG. 3 is consistent with the embodiment of FIG. 1, so again reference is made to the embodiments of FIG. 1 to avoid unnecessary repetition.
    Fig. 4, which shows a further embodiment of a gas engine 10 according to the invention, illustrates that also in the gas engine 10 of Fig. 3, the compressor 18, 22 are driven by separate turbines 16, the developments described in connection with FIG. 2 can be used Thus, the compression of the fuel gas-air mixture 30 in the first compressor 18 of the first air path 17 and / or the use of exhaust gas recirculation 32 in the first air path 17 and / or the use of the exhaust gas recirculation 33 in the first air path 17 and / or
    Use of the further compressor 32 in the second air path 21. With regard to these details, reference is made to the embodiments of the embodiment of FIG. 2 for the embodiment of FIG. Common to all embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 4 is that the gas engine 10 uses two air paths 17, 21 with separate compressors 18, 22, wherein in the first air path 17 at least combustion air 19 possibly mixed with exhaust and / or fuel gas is compressed, whereas in second air path 21 is always compressed air 19 with fuel gas 23 to purge chambers 13 of the cylinder 11 with a fuel gas-air mixture.
    Then, when the gas engine 10 is to be operated as a lean-burn engine with a lambda value greater than 1, preferably only air 19 is compressed in the first air path 17, whereas in the second air path 21 the mixture 24 of air 19 and fuel gas 23 is compressed.
    Then, when the gas engine 10 is to be operated preferably as a stoichiometric lean-burn engine with a lambda value of approximately 1, the exhaust gas recirculation 32 and / or the exhaust gas recirculation 33 is used in the first air path 17, then the main combustion chambers 12 of the first air path 17 To provide cylinder 11 with a mixture of combustion air 19 and exhaust gas.
    Then, when the gas engine 10 is to be used as a stoichiometric gas engine having a lambda value of about 1 in combination with a 3-way catalyst, preferably air 19, fuel gas 23 and exhaust gas is guided via the first air path 17, preferably 4, such that in the first compressor 18 of the first air path 17, the mixture 30 of fuel gas 23 and combustion air 19 is mixed, and that either via the exhaust gas recirculation 32 downstream of the first compressor 18 and / or via the exhaust gas recirculation 33 upstream of first compressor 18 exhaust gas is supplied to the mixture 30 and / or 30 '.
    The invention allows for gas engines an increase in the thermodynamic efficiency, improved combustion in the main combustion chambers of the cylinder, lower exhaust emissions, lower soot formation and the reduction of soot deposits in the antechambers and in the area of the antechamber associated ignition devices, the spark ignition in the antechambers serve. Preferably, gas engines with exhaust gas recirculation are used, in particular stoichiometric gas engines with exhaust gas recirculation and 3-way catalyst.
    LIST OF REFERENCES 10 gas engine 11 cylinder 12 main combustion chamber 13 pre-chamber 14 overflow channel 15 exhaust gas turbocharger 16 turbine 17 first air path 18 compressor 19 air 20 compressed air 21 second air path 22 compressor 23 fuel gas 24 fuel gas-air mixture 25 compressed fuel gas-air mixture 26 coupling line 27 return valve 28 Charge air cooler 29 mixing device 30 fuel gas-air mixture 31 mixing device 32 exhaust gas recirculation 33 exhaust gas recirculation 34 control device 35 control device 36 heat exchanger 37 compressor
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    Claims:
    1. A gas engine (10), comprising at least one cylinder (11), wherein the or each cylinder (11) has a main combustion chamber (12) for combustion of a fuel gas-air mixture and one with the main combustion chamber (12) via an overflow channel (14). coupled, purged pre-chamber (13), and with at least one exhaust gas turbocharger (15) having a turbine (16) for venting from the or each cylinder (11) leaving the exhaust gas and a compressor (18, 22) for compression of the or each Cylinder (11) to be supplied air, characterized by a plurality of air paths for the or each cylinder (11) to be supplied air, via a first air path (17) with a first compressor (18) at least air compressible and the main combustion chamber (12) of the or each cylinder (11) can be supplied, and wherein via a second air path (21) with a second compressor (22) a fuel gas-air mixture can be fed and the pre-chamber (13) of the or each cylinder (11) can be supplied.
    [2]
    2. Gas engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the first air path (17) and the second air path (21) via a check valve (27) are coupled such that from the second air path (21) a part of the second compressor (22) compressed fuel gas-air mixture in the first air path (17) downstream of the first compressor (18) can be introduced.
    [3]
    3. Gas engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first compressor (18) of the first air path (17) compresses a fuel gas-air mixture and the main combustion chamber (12) of the or each cylinder (11) supplies.
    [4]
    4. Gas engine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that with the first air path (17) but not with the second air path (21) an exhaust gas recirculation (32, 33) cooperates.
    [5]
    5. A gas engine according to claim 4, characterized in that the exhaust gas recirculation (32) branches off the exhaust gas upstream of the turbine (16) and downstream of the first compressor (18) to the first air path (17) supplies.
    [6]
    6. Gas engine according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the exhaust gas recirculation (33) branches off the exhaust gas downstream of the turbine (16) and upstream of the first compressor (18) to the first air path (17) supplies.
    [7]
    7. Gas engine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the second air path (21) downstream of the second compressor (22) is associated with a further compressor (37).
    [8]
    8. Gas engine according to claim 2 and 7, characterized in that the further compressor (37) in the second air path (21) downstream of the second compressor (22) is arranged, wherein a check valve (27) having the coupling line (26) of the first and second air path (17, 21) branches off between the second compressor (22) and the further compressor (37) from the second air path (21) in the direction of the first air path (19).
    [9]
    9. Gas engine according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first compressor (18) and the second compressor (22) are jointly driven, starting from a common turbine (16) can be driven.
    [10]
    10. Gas engine according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first compressor (18) and the second compressor (22), starting from separate turbines (16) are drivable.
    [11]
    11. A method for operating a gas engine (10), in particular a gas engine according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the gas engine (10) has at least one cylinder (11), wherein the or each cylinder (11) has a main combustion chamber (12) Combustion of a fuel gas-air mixture and a purged prechamber (13), and wherein the gas engine (10) at least one exhaust gas turbocharger (15) having a turbine (16) for venting of the or each cylinder (11) leaving the exhaust gas and a compressor (18, 22) for the compression of the or each cylinder (11) to be supplied air, characterized in that via a first air path (17) with a first compressor (18) at least compressed air and the main combustion chamber (12) of the or each cylinder (1) is supplied, and that via a second air path (21) with a second compressor (22) a fuel gas-air mixture compressed and the pre-chamber (13) of the or each cylinder (11) is supplied.
    [12]
    12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that from the second air path (21) a portion of the second compressor (22) compressed fuel gas-air mixture in the first air path (17) downstream of the first compressor (18) is initiated.
    [13]
    13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that in the first compressor (18) of the first air path (17) a fuel gas-air mixture is compressed.
    [14]
    14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the first air path (17) but not the second air path (21) exhaust gas via an exhaust gas recirculation (32, 33) is supplied. Λ
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    同族专利:
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    AT518811A3|2018-05-15|
    AT518811B1|2018-11-15|
    NO20171112A1|2018-01-09|
    DE102016112537A1|2018-01-11|
    引用文献:
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    DE102018132032B4|2018-12-13|2020-12-17|Man Energy Solutions Se|Gas engine and method of operating the same|
    DE102019128111A1|2019-10-17|2021-04-22|Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft|Supply of an active prechamber for supercharged gasoline engines with air extraction after an exhaust gas turbocharger|
    DE102019128334A1|2019-10-21|2021-04-22|Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft|Flushing fluid supply to an active prechamber of a supercharged gasoline engine in combination with turbo cooling|
    DE102020107951A1|2020-03-23|2021-09-23|Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft|Supply of an active prechamber for supercharged gasoline engines with a fresh air line extracted and compressed scavenging air|
    法律状态:
    2019-01-15| HC| Change of the firm name or firm address|Owner name: MAN ENERGY SOLUTIONS SE, DE Effective date: 20181128 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102016112537.7A|DE102016112537A1|2016-07-08|2016-07-08|Gas engine and method of operating the same|
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