• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Apparatus for separating particles of different conductivity of a mixture of particles present in a fluid, comprising a substantially upright cylinder (1) within which is provided a means (5) for generating a rotating, outwardly acting magnetic field, for along the outside of Cylinders (1) downwardly flowing, in the magnetic field separated particles of suspended in the fluid particle mixture mutually staggered shots (9a, 9b) are provided, outside of the inner cylinder wall (1a) along these extending channels (2) are provided, which ever have at their upper end an inflow opening (3) for suspended in the fluid particle mixture and downstream, in the sphere of influence of the rotating magnetic field each channel (2) in two drainage channels (9a, 9b) is split, which offset from each other in the circumferential direction of entry areas (10a, 10b ) for separated different particles and discharge ports (11a, 11b) for these particles.
    公开号:AT518730A1
    申请号:T50526/2016
    申请日:2016-06-08
    公开日:2017-12-15
    发明作者:Hauser Andreas；Koch Markus
    申请人:Technische Universität Graz；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Device for separating particles of different conductivity
    The invention relates to a device for separating particles of different conductivity of a particle present in a fluid mixture, with a substantially upright cylinder, within which a means for generating a rotating, outwardly acting magnetic field is provided, for along the outside of the cylinder after below flowing, separated in the magnetic field particles of suspended in the fluid particle mixture mutually offset recordings are provided
    The use of eddy current separators already provides valuable services in many areas of raw material extraction and raw material recovery for the separation of non-ferrous metals. In particular, rotating magnet arrangements are used which induce eddy currents in particles to be separated, provided that they consist of a suitable conductive material, which according to Lenz's rule result in an opposing magnetic field, the generated repulsive force acting on these particles as a result of the influences the eddy currents and the magnetic field of the rotating magnet arrangement, depending on the design of the device, have a radial and a tangential force component. Such force components force the conductive particles away from other, non or less conductive particles.
    One of the most common methods is the conveyor belt method, in which the sorted material is transported on a conveyor belt to a located below the end region of the conveyor belt, rotating magnet assembly, wherein induced in the appropriate conductive particles depending on the size and conductivity differently strong eddy currents that their opposing magnetic field cause a repulsive force on these particles. Due to the repulsive force generated, these particles undergo additional repulsion which affects the parabolic trajectory of the non-ferrous metals thrown from the end of the conveyor belt such that the non-ferrous metals are thrown over an adjustable sorting edge leaving unaffected non-metals below that sorting edge and separated from the non-ferrous metals.
    A disadvantage of this method is the short residence time of the sorted material in the area of action of the magnet arrangement and the resulting poor sorting of the particles. Especially smaller particles in the millimeter range develop weak eddy currents and can not be deflected strongly enough due to the short influence time of the magnet arrangement.
    Another device is described in DE 3200143 Al. This is an upright hollow cylinder, at the upper end of an upstanding cone is arranged, wherein the cone is a cylindrical feed positioned, which extends to the transition region between the cone and hollow cylinder and has a certain distance from the latter, so that a A mixture of partially conducting, non-ferromagnetic particles poured from above into the feed is passed through the cone and the feed along the outer wall of the hollow cylinder. Within this hollow cylinder several equipped with electromagnets, rotating pole wheels are arranged one above the other, wherein the variable magnetic field of the pole wheels deflects the conductive, non-ferromagnetic particles of the falling particle stream to the effect that their radial distance from the cylinder wall during the separation process is greater and at the lower end of the hollow cylinder in a cylindrical, circular container to be collected, which is arranged separately from the container for the remaining, unaffected non-metals of the particle flow.
    Since the falling particle stream is not guided during the separation process of the device described, an optimal separation of the sorting material can not be guaranteed, and further the entire device can only be operated in an exclusively vertical position. Likewise, the distance between the sorting material and the hollow cylinder during the separation process for conductive, non-ferromagnetic particles is larger, the influence of the magnetic field on the particles to be separated with distance is weaker, which may require a larger or longer design, if small particles in the Millimeterbereich to be separated. Finally, the electromagnets used cause a much weaker magnetic field than is possible with modern permanent magnets, whereby a sufficient force effect is given only for larger particles as desired in the present invention.
    A similar device is shown in AT 511 981 A1, in which a magnet arrangement is arranged outside a cylinder and in this case likewise the distance between the sorting material and the magnet arrangement becomes greater during the separation process.
    Therefore, it is an object of the invention, while avoiding the above-mentioned disadvantages and other limitations of the prior art, to provide a device which ensures that the sorted material can be guided over the entire separation process at almost the same minimum distance to magnets.
    This object is achieved in that outside the inner cylinder wall are provided along this extending channels, each having at its upper end an inflow opening for suspended in the fluid particle mixture and downstream, in the sphere of influence of the rotating magnetic field, each channel split into two outflow channels is, which have mutually circumferentially offset entry areas for separated different particles and outflow openings for these particles.
    It is advantageous if the means for generating a rotating, outwardly acting magnetic field is a rotating magnet arrangement, it being expedient for the magnet arrangement to have at least one magnetic ring consisting of juxtaposed permanent magnets and two or more magnet rings lying one above the other are provided.
    In an expedient embodiment of the invention, the at least one magnetic ring has permanent magnets in a Haibach configuration with outwardly directed field lines.
    Likewise it can be provided that the means for generating a rotating, outwardly acting magnetic field is a coil arrangement for generating a rotating field.
    It is advantageous if the channels are formed between the inner cylinder wall and a boundary wall surrounding this concentrically with separating webs lying therebetween and the split flow channels run parallel between the inner cylinder wall and the surrounding boundary wall.
    For example, depending on a boundary web over a transition section in a circumferentially offset of the cylinder and in the direction of rotation of the magnetic field pass section, which forms the first outflow channel together with one of the transition region downwardly extending divider and the cylinder walls.
    Preferably, the interior of the cylinder can be sealed against the external environment.
    Through the design of the channels, the sorting material can be guided close to the magnet throughout the separation process, resulting in a smaller construction of the device, with constant effectiveness compared to other devices of the prior art.
    In the following the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. 1 shows an embodiment of the invention,
    Fig. 2 is a plan view of the Halbbach configuration of the permanent magnets with marked north and south pole course and
    Fig. 3 is a side view of a plurality of magnetic rings.
    FIG. 1 shows a cylinder 1 in which channels 2 are arranged outside an inner cylinder wall 1a, wherein in FIG. 1 only one channel 2 is shown completely to simplify the illustration and others are indicated only by their respective inflow opening 3. The number of channels 2 may vary depending on the need and size of the design. The channels 2 are limited in the circumferential direction by limiting webs 4, which are arranged between the inner cylinder wall la and an outer cylinder wall lb, and in the radial direction through the inner and outer cylinder wall la, lb. The channels 2 are substantially parallel to the generatrix of the cylinder or to its axis a.
    In an example realized embodiment, the inner cylinder wall la may have a diameter of 10 cm to 15 cm, wherein the inner cylinder wall la and the outer cylinder wall lb should have a distance of 0.5 cm to 1 cm.
    In general, a common feed, not shown, will be provided above the inflow ports 3 of the channels 2 to centrally distribute a particulate mass of non-ferrous metals and nonmetals, preferably suspended in a fluid, into the individual channels 2. A suitable fluid will in many cases be water, with oils or air or other gases also being used.
    Within the cylinder 1, a magnet assembly 5 is provided, which is annular, which can rotate about the axis a and consists of juxtaposed permanent magnet 6, which are arranged in the embodiment shown in a Haibach configuration, wherein the magnetization direction of the permanent magnets 6 used against each other each tilted by 90 ° in the direction of the axis of rotation a, as shown in Fig. 2, thereby the field lines are moved closer together on the inner cylinder wall la facing side, and accordingly an increase in the magnetic flux density is effected. Within the circular magnet arrangement 5, the field lines are less narrow, so that the magnetic field is weakened or completely disappears. The permanent magnets 6 are mounted on a support plate 7, for example made of aluminum, and arranged as close as possible to the inner cylinder wall la, as shown in FIG. 2, namely without coming into contact with the inner cylinder wall 1a during rotation.
    Depending on requirements, a plurality of magnetic rings 5-1,5-2,5-3 can be arranged one above the other, as shown in Fig. 3 for three magnetic rings, which by means of a mounted on a motor M shaft 8, which congruent to the axis a the magnetic rings 5-1,5-2, 5-3 and is disposed within the cylinder in the position of the cylinder axis, are made to rotate. In one embodiment, the rotational speed of the magnetic rings 5-1, 5-2, 5-3 may be, for example, 8000 revolutions per minute, wherein the rotational speed can be adjusted according to the need and size of the design or the properties of the mixture to be separated and the fluid ,
    The outwardly acting, rotating magnetic field can alternatively be realized by a fixed coil arrangement for generating a rotating field, whereby ferromagnetic cores with pole shoes and an electronically controlled supply of the coil arrangement can be provided.
    In the area of influence of the rotating magnetic field, each channel 2 splits into first and second downstream drainage channels 9a, 9b, these outflow channels 9a, 9b being circumferentially offset entry areas 10a, 10b for the different separated particles and drainage openings 11a, 11b therefor Have particles.
    In the embodiment shown, a respective boundary web 4 passes via a transition section 4 u into a section 4 v offset in the circumferential direction of the cylinder, which forms the first outflow channel 9 a together with a separating web 12 extending downwards from the transition region 11 and the cylinder walls 1 a, 1 b in the direction of the direction of rotation of the magnet assembly 5 or in the direction of rotation of the magnetic field (13) is arranged, and the initial channel 2 maintains its original course and the second outflow channel 9b is substantially an extension of the initial channel 2.
    The transition region 11 is arranged at the level of the magnet assembly 5 and extends at least over the height of these, so guided downstream of the channel 2, suspended in the fluid non-ferrous metals from the beginning of the transition region 11 to the upper edge of the divider 12, due to by the rotating magnetic field Induced eddy currents generated repulsive force are deflected to this in the direction of rotation of the magnet assembly 5 and in the direction of the inlet opening 10a of the first drain channel 9a, with non-metals of the suspended particle mixture of the magnetic field unaffected the channel 2 and the second drain channel 9b further downstream follow.
    It is advantageous if the transition region 4ü in its design (height and position relative to the magnetic rings), and the channel widths 9a, 9b and their ratio, and the exact position of the separating web 12 can be adapted to the nature of the separating material.
    As already mentioned, the fluid used in which the particle mixture is suspended can be air or water, as well as any other gaseous or diamagnetic carrier medium. In contrast to the devices described in DE 3200143 A1 and AT 511 981 A1, the invention can be operated not only vertically but at arbitrary angles of tilt relative to the horizontal. If a liquid fluid is used, horizontal operation is possible in addition to the vertical and inclined orientation, with an added benefit of the generally higher viscosity of liquids over air, as the non-ferrous metals suspended therein may be in the magnetic field more effectively, and This favors a more compact design. Likewise, particles suspended in a liquid fluid can be separated in the sub-millimeter range because their induced eddy currents are less pronounced, and consequently the developed repulsive force on these particles is lower, and a longer residence time of these particles in the area of action of the magnet assembly 5 favors optimal separation.
    At the end of the first outflow channel 9a is the discharge opening 11a for the separated non-ferrous metals, wherein the non-metals influenced by the magnetic field are deposited through the discharge opening 11b at the end of the second outflow channel 9b. The discharge openings 11a, 11b open into a respective, not shown catch basin, from which the non-ferrous metals or non-metals can be removed.
    Furthermore, the device as a whole in a liquid fluid, preferably immersed in water, both vertically, at any tilt angles, as well as horizontally operated, wherein at least in horizontal operation, a fluid flow along the channels 2 must be present. Likewise, it is expedient if the magnet assembly 5 is separated fluid-tight from the environment within the cylinder 1. The interior of the cylinder 1 can be filled with air or a gas, wherein, if high speeds of the magnet assembly 5 are desired, also a reduced air pressure, typically in the order of a few millibars, comes into question to reduce the friction losses. For a corresponding drive, as well as its cooling is to provide in this application. Application for this would be, for example, the separation of minute gold particles from river sand, in which case the device is immersed in water and is filled from above in vertical operation or in the direction of the flow stream in horizontal operation with river sand. As described above, the gold particles can be separated into the first outflow channel 9a and collected by the associated outflow opening 11a, with the remaining river sand falling back to the bottom via the outflow opening 11b of the second outflow channel 9b.
    Reference list 1 ..... cylinder la. ... inner cylinder wall lb. ... outer cylinder wall 2 ..... channel 3 ..... inflow opening 4 ..... limiter bar 4ü ... transition section 4v ... staggered section 5 ..... magnet arrangement 5-1, 5-2, 5-3 ..... magnet rings 6 ..... permanent magnet 7 ..... carrier disc 8 ...... shaft 9a .... first outflow channel 9b .... second outflow channel 10a .. Entry area of the first outflow channel 10b. Entry area of the second outflow channel 11... Transition area of the outflow channels 11a. .Base of the first drainage channel llb. .Flow opening of the second drainage channel 12 .. .. separation branch 13 .. ..rotection of the magnetic field M .... motor a ..... axis
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    claims
    Claims 1. A device for separating particles of different conductivity of a particle mixture present in a fluid, with a substantially upright cylinder (1) within which a means (5) for generating a rotating, outwardly acting magnetic field is provided, for along the Outside of the cylinder (1) downwardly flowing, in the magnetic field separated particles of the suspended in the fluid particle mixture staggered shots (9a, 9b) are provided, characterized in that outside the inner cylinder wall (la) extending along these channels (2) are provided, which each have at their upper end an inflow opening (3) for suspended in the fluid particle mixture and downstream, in the sphere of influence of the rotating magnetic field each channel (2) in two drainage channels (9a, 9b) is split, which offset each other in the circumferential direction Entry areas (10a, 10b) for separated from each other different particles and outflow openings (11a, 11b) have for these particles.
    [2]
    2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (5) for generating a rotating, outwardly acting magnetic field is a rotating magnet arrangement (5).
    [3]
    3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the magnet arrangement (5) has at least one in the circumferential direction of the cylinder (1) juxtaposed permanent magnet (6) existing magnetic ring (5-1,5-2,5-3).
    [4]
    4. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that two or more superimposed magnetic rings (5-1,5-2,5-3) are provided.
    [5]
    5. Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the at least one magnetic ring (5-1, 5-2, 5-3) has permanent magnets (6) in a Haibach configuration with outwardly directed field lines.
    [6]
    6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (5) for generating a rotating, outwardly acting magnetic field is a coil arrangement for generating a rotating field.
    [7]
    7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the channels (2) between the inner cylinder wall (la) and a concentrically surrounding these outer cylinder wall (lb) are formed with boundary webs lying therebetween (4).
    [8]
    8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the split flow channels (9a, 9b) between the cylinder wall (la) and the surrounding boundary wall (lb) are parallel.
    [9]
    9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that each one boundary web (4) via a transition section (4ü) in a circumferential direction of the cylinder and in the direction of rotation of the magnetic field (13) offset portion (4v) passes, which together with a from the transition region downwardly extending divider (12) and the cylinder walls (la, lb) forms the first outflow channel (9a).
    [10]
    10. The device according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that the interior of the cylinder (1) is sealed against the external environment.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    DE3610303C1|1987-02-19|Methods and devices for sorting paramagnetic particles in the fine and fine grain range in a strong magnetic field
    DE922341C|1955-01-13|Method and apparatus for classifying a mixture of particles which are carried in a liquid or gaseous medium by a spiral vortex flow
    DE754339C|1951-10-25|Method and device for removing heavy particles under the action of centrifugal force from a suspension, in particular of cellulose, paper stock and the like. like
    DE102004034541B3|2006-02-02|High-gradient magnetic
    DE2653373C2|1982-09-23|Device for sorting electrically conductive pieces of material from a batch flow
    DE3038426A1|1981-04-23|MAGNETIC SHEATHING METHOD AND MAGNETIC SHEATHING METHOD AND MAGNETIC SEPARATOR FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD
    DE2840723A1|1980-01-03|AEROSOL APPARATUS
    AT518730B1|2019-03-15|Device for separating particles of different conductivity
    DE2443487C2|1984-08-30|Magnetic separator system for separating magnetically conductive particles from a mixture of the same with non-magnetic or less magnetic components
    DE3827252C2|1990-11-22|
    DE10022536A1|2001-11-29|Mill classifier
    DE60012329T2|2005-08-18|IMPROVED INJECTION OF WATER LOADED WITH SOLID PARTICLES INTO A CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR
    DE2157444C3|1980-01-24|Dynamic separation device for separating particles suspended in contaminated liquids
    DE1810041C3|1980-06-19|Process for the separation of two different viscous liquids
    DE19537268C1|1997-02-27|Plate for the spinning drum of centrifuge for the removal of cream from milk
    EP0475338A1|1992-03-18|Apparatus to separate gaseous substances from a liquid
    EP0360034A1|1990-03-28|Apparatus for dividing a flowing liquid-gas mixture into several part currents
    DE2051533C3|1979-11-15|Spiral air classifier
    DE480213C|1929-07-27|Method and device for separating components of different sizes in a loose mixture of substances
    DE2210029B2|1978-02-23|WET MAGNETIC SEPARATOR FOR SOLID SUSPENSIONS
    DE202017101798U1|2018-06-01|Mixing separator for hot gases and galvanizing plant with at least one such mixing separator
    DE2726051C3|1979-09-06|Magnetic separator
    DE1657122A1|1971-11-11|Centrifugal classifier
    DE2545754A1|1977-04-14|FLASH DRUM WITH DRAIN VALVES
    DE1129458B|1962-05-17|Method and device for the quantitative separation of particles suspended in liquids or gases
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3254763A1|2017-12-13|
    AT518730B1|2019-03-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2010031613A1|2008-09-18|2010-03-25|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Separating device for separating a mixture of magnetizable and non-magnetizable particles present in a suspension which are conducted in a separating channel|
    DE141041C|
    GB1548410A|1976-12-21|1979-07-11|Inst Fiz An Latvssr|Method of and apparatus for sorting non-magnetic electrically conductive components|
    DE3200143A1|1982-01-05|1983-09-22|Steinert Elektromagnetbau GmbH, 5000 Köln|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SORTING CONDUCTIVE NON-FERROMAGNETIC COMPONENTS|
    US5108587A|1989-10-30|1992-04-28|Walker Erik K|Apparatus for the electrodynamic separation of non-ferromagnetic free-flowing material|
    US5636748A|1994-12-29|1997-06-10|Arvidson; Bo R.|Magnetic drum separator|
    JP4229499B2|1998-11-02|2009-02-25|富士通マイクロエレクトロニクス株式会社|Semiconductor sealing resin composition, manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus thereof, and semiconductor device using the same|
    JP3441390B2|1998-12-16|2003-09-02|日立機材株式会社|Drum type magnetic material sorting and collecting device|US20200246807A1|2020-04-24|2020-08-06|Bunting Magnetics Co.|Magnetic Separating Conveyor Output Roll|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50526/2016A|AT518730B1|2016-06-08|2016-06-08|Device for separating particles of different conductivity|ATA50526/2016A| AT518730B1|2016-06-08|2016-06-08|Device for separating particles of different conductivity|
    EP17173372.8A| EP3254763A1|2016-06-08|2017-05-30|Device for separating particles of different conductivity|
    [返回顶部]