• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a crankshaft (10) for a reciprocating piston engine (100), in particular for a reciprocating internal combustion engine (100), a reciprocating piston engine (100) and a vehicle having a reciprocating piston engine (100), wherein the crankshaft (10) has at least one main bearing seat (12). with a main bearing journal for rotatably supporting the crankshaft (10) in a crankcase (27) relative to the crankcase (27), at least one connecting rod bearing (13) with a connecting rod journal for rotatably connecting a connecting rod (11) to the crankshaft (10), and a inside the crankshaft (10) extending control oil passage (18), in particular for oil supply at least one, in a on the crankshaft (10) connected to the connecting rod (11) arranged consumer has. In this case, the control oil channel (18) is designed as a separate channel (18) to a lubricating oil channel (17) and / or flows through a completely within a shoulder surface (16) of a crank journal shoulder (15) adjacent to the connecting rod bearing seat (13) Exit opening (18 A) in at least one Pleuellagersitz (13).
    公开号:AT518703A1
    申请号:T50485/2016
    申请日:2016-05-31
    公开日:2017-12-15
    发明作者:Ing Andreas Krobath Dipl
    申请人:Avl List Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Crankshaft for a reciprocating engine, reciprocating engine and vehicle with a reciprocating engine
    The invention relates to a crankshaft for a reciprocating piston engine, in particular for a reciprocating internal combustion engine, wherein the crankshaft has at least one main bearing seat with a main journal for rotatably supporting the crankshaft in a crankcase relative to the crankshaft housing and at least one Pleuellagersitz with a connecting rod journal for rotatable connection of a connecting rod to the crankshaft ,
    Preferably, the crankshaft is designed for the rotatable connection of a connecting rod, which has at least one consumer to be supplied with oil or hydraulically coupled with such a consumer, the supply of the consumer with the oil in particular via the connecting rod. In particular, the crankshaft is designed to connect a hydraulically length-adjustable connecting rod.
    Furthermore, the invention relates to a reciprocating engine with a crankshaft, in particular such, designed as a reciprocating internal combustion engine reciprocating engine, as well as a vehicle with such a reciprocating engine.
    For oil supply of connecting rods in reciprocating engines and further arranged in connecting rods hydraulic consumers different concepts are known from the prior art, in particular with regard to an oil supply to the connecting rod via the crankshaft, for example from DE-OS 27 36 601 or EP 2 581 566 A2 ,
    Against this background, it is an object of the invention to provide an alternative, preferably an improved crankshaft, in particular a crankshaft, which allows a particularly advantageous oil supply of connecting to the crankshaft connecting rods in terms of hydraulically length-adjustable connecting rods, and a reciprocating engine with an alternative crankshaft and a Vehicle with such a reciprocating engine. 1
    These objects are achieved by the teaching of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims and are explained in more detail below. The wording of the claims becomes part of the description.
    A crankshaft according to the invention according to a first aspect of the invention has a running inside the crankshaft lubricating oil passage for supplying at least one Pleuellagersitzes with lubricating oil and is characterized in that the crankshaft at least one, to the lubricating oil channel separately formed within the crankshaft extending and at least not within the crankshaft with the lubricating oil channel flow connected, led to at least one Pleuellagersitz control oil channel having at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening. In other words, the lubricating oil passage and the control oil passage within the crankshaft are fluid-independent and separate from each other.
    A crankshaft according to the invention according to a second aspect of the invention comprises at least one crank arm with a crank shoulder with a shoulder surface and at least one extending within the crankshaft control oil passage with at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening, wherein the control oil channel is guided to at least one Pleuellagersitz and wherein at least one connecting rod bearing seat is delimited in the axial direction by a shoulder surface of a crank shoulder which adjoins the connecting rod journal of the connecting rod bearing seat, and is characterized in that the control oil passage opens into at least one connecting rod bearing seat through an exit opening arranged completely within the shoulder face of the crank arm shoulder.
    In the context of the invention, a crankshaft is understood to mean a shaft which is designed to produce a linear, oscillating, i.e. a translational movement to convert one or more pistons by means of connecting rods in a rotary motion or vice versa a rotational movement in a translational movement.
    For the purposes of the invention is as a connecting rod which is usually present in reciprocating engines, rod-shaped and arranged between the piston and the crankshaft
    Designates connecting element, via which the piston is mechanically connected to the crankshaft.
    In the sense of the invention, a big-end bearing seat is understood to mean a bearing area around a crankpin of the crankshaft, in particular not just a connecting-rod bearing surface as such.
    As a crank arm in the context of the invention, in each case the crank arms of the crankshaft are understood, via which in each case the connecting rod journal are connected to the main journal. The crank webs can be rod-shaped or lever-shaped or flat, in particular cheek-shaped, depending on the required crank arm mass.
    Preferably, a crankshaft according to the invention, in particular both a crankshaft formed according to the first aspect of the invention and a crankshaft formed according to the second aspect of the crankshaft, are designed for the rotatable connection of a connecting rod which has at least one consumer to be supplied with oil or with such a consumer hydraulically connected or connectable, wherein the supply of the consumer takes place with the oil, in particular via the connecting rod. In this case, the crankshaft is particularly preferably designed for connecting a hydraulically length-adjustable connecting rod.
    Preferably, the crankshaft is designed such that the running in the crankshaft control oil channel for supplying at least one arranged in a connectable to the crankshaft connecting rod, to be supplied with oil consumer, in particular for controlling at least one connectable in one with the crankshaft Connecting rod arranged, hydraulically actuated switching valve. That In other words, that the control oil channel of the crankshaft is preferably designed to supply a arranged in a connectable to the crankshaft connecting rod consumer with control oil, in particular for supplying a arranged in a connecting rod, hydraulically actuated switching valve.
    In particular, the crankshaft is designed such that the control oil passage is hydraulically connectable with a control oil supply line arranged in the connecting rod, in particular fluid-connectable.
    The invention according to the first aspect of the invention, separate formation of the control oil passage, in particular separately from the lubricating oil channel over which the Pleuellagersitze can be supplied with lubricating oil, in particular has the advantage that the connecting rod with a control oil with an oil pressure regardless of a Lubricating oil pressure can be supplied, whereby in particular a arranged in the connecting rod, hydraulically actuated switching valve can be controlled or operated independently of the lubricating oil pressure. The control oil passage of a crankshaft according to the invention formed according to the first aspect of the invention is also preferably formed separately for lubricating oil supply of one or more main bearing seats of the crankshaft, so that the connecting rod with control oil with an oil pressure regardless of a main oil pressure applied to the main bearing seats, can be supplied.
    A trained according to the second aspect of the invention, crankshaft according to the invention, due to the over the shoulder surface of the crank arm shoulder into the connecting rod bearing seated control oil passage and the consequent lateral supply of the control oil in the Pleuellagersitz the advantage that in a particularly simple manner, a hydraulic connection can be realized with a control lead of a suitably trained, connectable to the crankshaft connecting rod. In particular, by the lateral supply of the control oil, the control oil in a particularly simple manner separated from the lubrication oil required for lubricating the connecting rod bearing surface the Pleuellagersitz be supplied, in particular in conjunction with a separately formed control oil channel according to the first aspect of the invention.
    By feeding the control oil laterally, i. In particular, by the arrangement of the output opening of the control oil passage completely in the shoulder surface of the crank arm shoulder can also be dispensed with a groove in the connecting rod bearing surface for oil supply from the connecting rod journal in the connecting rod, which has an advantageous effect on the load capacity of the connecting rod bearing surface.
    The trained in a first aspect of the invention, crankshaft according to the invention separately to the control oil channel formed lubricating oil passage is preferably in hydraulic communication with a lubricating oil supply at least one main bearing seat and / or with at least one main bearing seat, preferably with all main bearing seats, fluidly connected or flow connectable. That Preferably, the lubricating oil channel is supplied via at least one main bearing seat with lubricating oil. For a good lubrication of the connecting rod bearing seats of the lubricating oil channel opens preferably at least at a connecting rod bearing seat in a connecting rod bearing surface of the connecting rod bearing seat. This can be provided on the connecting rod bearing surface in a particularly simple manner, a sufficient amount of lubricating oil.
    In a crankshaft according to the invention formed according to the first aspect of the invention, the lubricating oil channel may also be formed for lubricating oil supply one or more main bearing seats, in particular for lubrication of the inner main bearing seats, the lubricating oil channel preferably has corresponding output openings, which in particular the respective main bearing seats open, preferably in their main bearing surfaces.
    Alternatively, however, a crankshaft according to the invention formed according to the first aspect of the invention may also be designed so that a lubricating oil supply to at least one main bearing seat, preferably all main bearing seats, takes place from outside via a correspondingly designed crankshaft housing, i. not inside by the crankshaft, but for example via a so-called main oil gallery, as it is known inter alia from EP 2 581 566 A2. Of course, it is also possible that some main bearing seats are supplied from the inside by the crankshaft with lubricating oil and other main bearing seats from the outside through the crankcase.
    On the other hand, a crankshaft according to the invention designed according to the second aspect of the invention also allows, contrary to a trained according to the first aspect of the invention crankshaft, a common oil supply to Pleuellagersitz lube oil and control oil, the control oil channel preferably also separately to the lubricating oil supply one or a plurality of main bearing seats is formed to be able to supply by means of the control oil passage connected to the crankshaft connecting rod control oil with an oil pressure regardless of the lubricating oil pressure of the main bearing seats and thus independent of a main oil pressure. In this case, the crankshaft is preferably designed so that the lubricating oil supply to at least one main bearing seat, preferably all main bearing seats, takes place from outside via a correspondingly designed crankshaft housing. Although the control oil pressure is thus dependent on the lubricating oil pressure for lubrication of the connecting rod bearing seats, only one oil channel is to be provided in the crankshaft.
    In a crankshaft according to the invention formed according to the second aspect of the invention, the control oil passage can of course also, just as in a formed according to the first aspect of the invention crankshaft, be formed separately from a lubricating oil channel, in particular separately from a lubricating oil channel Supply at least one Pleuellagersitzes and / or at least one main bearing seat with lubricating oil. The control oil channel can also be formed separately only for lubricating oil supply of the main bearing seats and also serve for lubricating oil supply at least one connecting rod seat.
    In an advantageous embodiment of a crankshaft according to the invention according to the first aspect of the invention, the crankshaft is designed such that the control oil passage with a control supply line of a crankshaft connecting rod sealed against a lubricating oil for lubrication of the connecting rod bearing seat is hydraulically connected. For this purpose, the control oil channel preferably opens into the connecting rod bearing seat in such a way that the control oil channel can be connected in a flow-sealable manner to the control supply line, the control oil channel opening in particular into the connecting rod bearing seat at a distance from the lubricating oil passage and preferably not via the connecting rod bearing surface. Preferably, the lubricating oil channel opens directly into the connecting rod bearing surface and the control oil channel in particular laterally into the connecting rod bearing seat, in particular in the radial direction outside of the connecting rod bearing surface.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a crankshaft according to the invention according to the first aspect of the invention, the crankshaft has at least one crank arm with a crank arm shoulder with a shoulder surface, wherein at least one Pleuellagersitz is bounded in the axial direction by an adjacent to the connecting rod bearing Pleuellagersitzes adjacent shoulder surface of a crank arm shoulder, and the control oil channel opens into the connecting rod bearing seat with an outlet opening arranged completely within the shoulder surface.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a crankshaft according to the invention according to the first aspect of the invention, the crankshaft is designed such that the control oil passage by means of at least one, in the radial direction within and / or outside the output port can be arranged between a crankshaft arranged on the connecting rod and the Shoulder acting seal is sealable against a lubricating oil for lubrication of the connecting rod bearing seat. Preferably, for this purpose, a first seal in the radial direction within the outlet opening of the control oil channel can be arranged and a second seal in the radial direction outside the outlet opening. It goes without saying that for a corresponding sealing effect, the connecting rod must be designed accordingly. The seal can be arranged either in the shoulder surface of the crank arm shoulder or in the connecting rod, or both, i. a seal in the crank arm shoulder and one in the connecting rod, wherein at least one seal is preferably formed as a sealing ring, in particular as an O-ring.
    In an advantageous embodiment of a crankshaft according to the invention according to the second aspect, the control oil channel, as already indicated above, preferably also formed for lubricating oil supply at least one Pleuellagersitzes, the control oil channel preferably not connected crankshaft side fluidly connected to the lubricating oil supply of a main bearing seat or is flow connectable. That Even with a crankshaft according to the invention according to the second aspect of the invention, the control oil passage is preferably formed separately from the lubricating oil supply at least one main bearing seat. This can ensure that a control oil pressure is adjustable independently of the main oil pressure, but not necessarily separately to a lubricating oil supply of Pleuellagersitze.
    For the simultaneous use of the control oil passage as lubricating oil passage in a crankshaft according to the invention formed according to the second aspect of the invention, it is advantageous if the outlet opening of the control oil passage, which opens into the connecting rod bearing seat, preferably not sealed against the connecting rod bearing surface and / / or the
    Control oil channel alternatively or additionally also to the Pleuellagersitz, in particular led to the connecting rod bearing surface, branched channel portion.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a crankshaft according to the invention, in particular both in a further advantageous embodiment of a crankshaft according to the invention according to the first aspect of the invention as well as according to the second aspect of the invention, the crankshaft is designed such that at least one input port of the control oil passage with an oil supply passage an associated crankshaft housing is hydraulically connected. For the hydraulic connection of the control oil passage with the oil supply passage of the crankshaft housing, in particular for the hydraulic connection of at least one input port of the control oil passage with the oil supply passage, the crankshaft preferably has an oil feed peg in which at least one input port of the pilot oil passage is arranged, at least an inlet opening of the control oil channel is arranged in particular in a radial outer surface of the oil guide pin. In this case, the control oil channel opens preferably in the radial direction in the radial outer surface of the oil supply pin. In some cases, however, it may be necessary for the pilot oil passage to open at an angle other than 90 ° to the radially outer surface of the oil supply spigot.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a crankshaft according to the invention, in particular both in a further advantageous embodiment of a trained according to the first aspect of the invention crankshaft and in a further advantageous embodiment of a formed according to the second aspect of the invention crankshaft, the crankshaft is designed such that the Control oil channel by means of at least one, between the oil supply pin and the crankcase, at least in the axial direction acting seal with the oil supply passage of the crankcase sealed against the lubricating oil for lubrication of at least one main bearing seat is hydraulically connected. Preferably, the control oil channel is thereby connected by means of two, respectively in the longitudinal direction of the crankshaft upstream or downstream of the inlet opening arranged seals, in particular in the form of sealing rings, for example in the form of O-rings sealed to the oil supply passage in the crankshaft housing.
    A reciprocating piston engine according to the invention, in particular a reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the invention, has a crankshaft according to the invention, in particular either a crankshaft formed according to the first aspect of the invention or a crankshaft formed according to the second aspect of the invention.
    A reciprocating piston engine according to the invention is a machine with which a linear lifting movement of a piston can be converted into a rotational movement of a shaft or, conversely, a rotational movement of a shaft into a linear lifting movement of a piston.
    A reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the invention is a reciprocating engine in which the linear movement of the piston is generated by a volume change of a gas, wherein the volume change of the gas is caused by a combustion process.
    In an advantageous embodiment of a reciprocating piston engine according to the invention, the reciprocating piston at least one conected at least one connecting rod journal connecting rod with a control supply line, in particular a hydraulically length adjustable connecting rod with at least one hydraulically actuated, in hydraulic communication with the control supply line control valve, said Control oil passage of the crankshaft is hydraulically connected to the control supply line, in particular for oil supply to the control valve.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a reciprocating piston engine according to the invention, in particular a reciprocating piston engine with a crankshaft designed according to the first aspect, the control oil passage is sealed hydraulically to a lubricating oil for lubricating the connecting rod bearing seat with the control supply line. As a result, the control supply line in the connecting rod can be supplied independently of the lubricating oil supply of the connecting rod, in particular by a lubricating oil pressure applied in the lubricating oil channel, whereby a control valve connected in flow with the control supply line is actuated independently of the oil pressure in the lubricating oil channel can be operated and consequently in a particularly advantageous manner.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a reciprocating piston engine according to the invention, in particular a reciprocating piston engine having a crankshaft according to the invention, the control oil passage can be arranged between at least one connecting rod connected to the crankshaft by means of at least one radially inside and / or outside of the outlet opening and the shoulder surface acting seal against a lubricating oil for lubricating the connecting rod bearing seat sealed, wherein preferably a first seal in the radial direction within the outlet opening is arranged and a second seal in radial seal outside the outlet opening. The seals can each be taken either in the connecting rod, wherein the crank arm shoulder or the shoulder surface are formed as a sealing surface, or in the crank arm shoulder, wherein the connecting rod is designed as a sealing surface. In this case, sealing rings, in particular in the form of O-rings have proven to be advantageous.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a reciprocating piston engine according to the invention, in particular a trained according to the second aspect of the invention crankshaft, the control oil channel, preferably also, i. in addition to the control oil supply of the connecting rod, the lubricating oil supply at least one connecting rod bearing seat, wherein the control oil channel is preferably not fluidly connected to the lubricating oil supply of a main bearing seat. The control oil channel and the lubricating oil supply are thus carried out separately from each other at least within the crankshaft. That in other words, in a reciprocating engine with a crankshaft formed according to the second aspect of the invention, the control oil passage can also be used for connecting rod lubrication, but the main bearing seats are preferably supplied via another oil passage, either within the crankshaft, in particular with a separate to the control oil Channel formed lubricating oil channel according to the first aspect of the invention or on the crankshaft housing from the outside.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a reciprocating piston engine according to the invention, in particular a reciprocating piston engine according to the invention with a crankshaft according to the first aspect or according to the second aspect, the reciprocating engine further comprises a crankcase with at least one oil supply passage, wherein at least one input port of the control oil passage of the crankshaft with a Oil supply duct of the crankshaft housing is hydraulically connected, wherein the reciprocating piston preferably has a control device for applying a guided in the oil supply passage oil with a defined oil pressure, in particular for applying a defined oil pressure regardless of a, applied in a guided to a main bearing seat lubricating oil passage main oil pressure.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a reciprocating piston engine according to the invention, in particular a reciprocating piston engine according to the invention with a formed according to the first aspect of the invention or the second aspect of the invention, the control oil passage is at least one, between the oil supply pin and an associated crankcase at least in the axial direction acting seal sealed to the oil supply passage of the crankshaft housing relative to the lubricating oil for lubrication of at least one main bearing seat hydraulically connected, wherein the control oil passage preferably by means of at least one arranged in the axial direction between the main bearing seat and at least one input port of the control oil passage sealing ring, in particular an O-ring is written opposite the main bearing seat.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of a reciprocating piston engine according to the invention, in particular a trained according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the invention reciprocating engine, at least one attached to the crankshaft connecting rod is hydraulically adjustable in length and has a first high pressure chamber and a second, each acted upon by a hydraulic working pressure high pressure chamber on, with concerns a sufficient pressure difference between the first high-pressure chamber and the second high-pressure chamber, a length adjustment of the connecting rod is effected. In this case, the connecting rod has a hydraulically connected to the lubricating oil of Pleuellagersitzes pressure oil supply line which is connected by means of the control valve with the first high-pressure chamber and / or the second high-pressure chamber, preferably in a first switching state of the control valve, the pressure oil supply line to the first high-pressure chamber is fluidly connected and in a second switching state with the second high-pressure chamber.
    An inventive vehicle with a reciprocating engine is characterized in that it comprises a reciprocating piston engine according to the invention.
    These and other features are apparent from the claims and from the description also from the drawings, wherein the individual features may be implemented alone or in each case in the form of sub-combinations in an embodiment of the invention and an advantageous and protectable Execution can represent, for which also protection is claimed, if it is technically feasible.
    Some of the features or properties mentioned below relate both to an internal combustion engine according to the invention and to a vehicle according to the invention. Some of these features and properties are described only once, but apply independently within the framework of technically possible embodiments both for an internal combustion engine according to the invention and for a vehicle according to the invention.
    In the following the invention will be further explained with reference to a preferred embodiment, the invention being schematically illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Showing:
    1a shows a first embodiment of a crankshaft according to the invention of a first embodiment of a reciprocating piston engine according to the invention with a connected to the crankshaft connecting rod,
    1a shows the detail Y of Fig. 1a in an enlarged view,
    Fig. 1b shows the detail X of Fig. 1a in an enlarged view and
    Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of a crankshaft according to the invention of a second embodiment of a reciprocating piston engine according to the invention with a connecting rod attached to the crankshaft.
    The illustrated in Fig. 1a embodiment of a crankshaft 10 according to the invention of a first embodiment of a reciprocating engine 100 according to the invention has a total of five main bearing seats 12, each with a main journal for rotatably supporting the crankshaft 10 in a crankshaft housing, not shown here relative to the crankcase. The crankshaft 10 is rotatably supported in each case via the main bearing seats 12 and corresponding bearing, likewise not shown here, in the crankshaft housing about the axis of rotation L.
    Furthermore, the crankshaft 10 has four connecting-rod bearing seats 13, each with a connecting rod journal for the rotatable connection of connecting rods 11 to the crankshaft 10, whereby only the connection of the left-hand connecting rod 11 is shown by way of example. It goes without saying that the reciprocating piston engine 100 according to the invention, which is designed in particular as a reciprocating internal combustion engine 100, still has three further connecting rods 11, which are also connected via the other Pleuellagersitze 13 also on the crankshaft 10. The connecting rods 11 are in each case, as is usual with reciprocating internal combustion engines, also connected here with pistons, which are likewise not shown here, and oscillate linearly in a reciprocating axis in a piston cylinder.
    For supplying oil to the connecting rod bearing seats 12, the crankshaft 10 of the reciprocating internal combustion engine 100 according to the first aspect of the invention has a lubricating oil passage 17 in hydraulic communication with at least one main bearing seat 12, i. is fluidly connected, and in each case by the connecting rod journal in the Pleuellagersitze 13 opens, so that the Pleuellagersitzen 13 each of at least one main bearing seat 12 removed lubricating oil can be supplied. For this purpose, the lubricating oil channel 17 more, each opening into a radial outer surface of the main journal, unspecified input openings and a plurality, each opening into a radial outer surface of the connecting rod journal, also unspecified output ports.
    The lubrication of the main bearing seats 12 takes place from the outside via oil supply channels arranged in the crankshaft housing, in particular via a so-called main oil gallery, as is generally known from the prior art, for example from EP 2 581 566 A2, so that further explanations are dispensed with in this regard and the known prior art is referenced.
    In this embodiment, the connecting rods 11 each connected to the crankshaft 10 according to the invention via the connecting-rod bearing seats 13 are designed as hydraulically length-adjustable connecting rods, the design of such connecting rods 11 being known from the prior art, for example from WO 2015/055582 A2 that is dispensed with details of the design of such connecting rods 11 at this point and reference is made to the prior art.
    The connecting rods known from the prior art are in many cases in common that they, as well as the connecting rod 11 of the reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the invention, at least one hydraulically connectable with the Pleuellagersitz oil supply line, via which the connecting rod are subjected to such a hydraulic working pressure can that a hydraulic length adjustment of the connecting rod can be effected.
    In this case, hydraulically length-adjustable connecting rods, as well as the connecting rods 11, usually two telescopically, in the longitudinal direction of the connecting rod to each other or slidably arranged connecting rod sections, which can be pushed or pulled apart by means of a hydraulic working pressure, whereby a change in length of the connecting rod is effected. For controlling or adjusting a connecting rod length, at least one hydraulically actuable control valve is generally provided, as in this case, in which a hydraulically actuable control valve 320 is arranged inside the connecting rod 11, see FIG. 1b. For a particularly advantageous supply of the control valve 320 with control oil, in particular a control oil supply regardless of a lubricating oil pressure, the crankshaft 10 is formed according to the first aspect of the invention and has a lubricant oil channel 17 separately formed, also within the crankshaft 10th extending and at least within the crankshaft 10 not fluidly connected to the lubricating oil channel 17, each guided to the Pleuellagersitzen 13 control oil passage 18 with a plurality of inlet openings 18E and a plurality of outlet openings 18A.
    The control oil passage 18 is hydraulically connected or fluidly connected to a control supply line 19 (FIG. 1b) of the connecting rod 11, the control oil passage 18 in this case serving only to supply oil to the control valve 320. Since the control of the switching valve significantly lower pressures are required than for length adjustment as such, in particular about 1 to 6 bar, in contrast to a required for the length adjustment, hydraulic working pressure of about 1600 bar, a simpler interpretation of in and / or am Flow path of the control oil channel 18 lying components possible. In particular, the lower control pressures simplify the actuation of the control valve 320.
    The provision of the necessary to adjust the length of the connecting rod 11 working pressure via a connected to a connecting rod bearing lubrication 29 of Pleuellagersitzes 13 pressure oil supply line 24 which can be hydraulically connected via the control valve 320 with a first high-pressure chamber H1 and a second high pressure chamber H2 in the connecting rod 11, said can be controlled by the control valve 320, on which high-pressure chamber H1 or H2, the hydraulic working pressure to be applied.
    In this embodiment, in a first, not shown here switching state of the control valve 320, the pressure oil supply line 24 is fluidly connected to the first high pressure chamber H1 and in a second, shown here switching state with the second high pressure chamber H2, wherein the switching valve 320 via a in the control Supply line 19 applied control oil pressure in the first switching state or the second switching state can be switched. To set the control oil pressure in the control oil channel 18 and thus in the control supply line 19 in the connecting rod, the reciprocating engine 100 has a corresponding control device for applying the control oil with a defined oil pressure.
    If, as in the illustrated in Fig. 1b, the second switching state of the control valve 320, the second high-pressure chamber H2 supplied by the control valve 320 with the supplied via the pressure oil passage 24, applied, hydraulic working pressure, at the same time, the oil from the high pressure chamber H1 via the control valve 320 are discharged into an oil sump 31 for pressure reduction. If, in a first switching state of the control valve 320, the first high pressure chamber is acted upon by the hydraulic working pressure present in the pressure oil feed line 24, the oil can be removed from the second high pressure chamber H1 via the control valve 320 into the oil sump 31 for pressure reduction. In addition, excess lubricating oil 29 can be removed via an oil drainage 30 from the connecting rod bearing seat. For the best possible control oil supply to the connecting rod 11 via the control oil channel 18, the control oil channel 18 a plurality of mutually angularly arranged channel sections, wherein a plurality of sections each of the axis of rotation L of the crankshaft 10 obliquely through a crank arm 14, through the adjacent to this crank arm 14 connecting rod journal of the associated connecting rod bearing seat 13 and through the
    Crankshaft shoulder 15 of a further, arranged on the other side of the connecting rod bearing seat crank arm 14 run. This is followed by another, angled, in particular at an angle of about 70 ° to 90 °, adjacent to the previously described section section, each of which opens through the shoulder surface 16 of the crank arm shoulder 15 in the Pleuellagersitz 13, wherein the outlet openings 18A respectively completely within the shoulder surface 16 of the crank arm shoulder 15 are arranged.
    For this purpose, it may be advantageous in some cases when a corresponding projection 28 is cast on the crank arm 14, in particular in the region of the crank arm shoulder 15, or is attached to the crank arm shoulder 15 in the form of an appropriately designed additional element 28.
    In order to supply the control oil guided in the control oil channel 18 irrespective of a lubricating oil pressure, in particular with a defined control oil pressure, the control valve 320, the control oil passage 18 opens into the connecting rod bearing seats 13 via output ports 18A arranged completely within the shoulder surface 16, respectively. wherein the shoulder surfaces 16 in each case adjoin the connecting rod journal of the connecting rod bearing seats 13 and delimit them in the axial direction.
    Using in particular a, arranged in the radial direction within the output port 18A and the control lead 19 in the connecting rod seal 21, which is in particular designed as an O-ring, in a simple manner, the control oil channel 18 with the control lead 19 sealed in the connecting rod against the lubricating oil 29 for lubrication of the connecting rod bearing seat 13, which is supplied via the lubricating oil passage 17 to the connecting rod bearing seat 13, are hydraulically connected. By an additional, in the radial direction outside the output port 18A of the control channel 18 and the control line 19 in the connecting rod arranged further seal 21, the seal against the lubricating oil 29 for lubricating the connecting rod bearing seat 13 can be further improved.
    In the inventive reciprocating piston engine 100 shown in FIG. 1a, the control oil supply takes place via a plurality of inlet openings 18E of the control oil channel 18, which each open into a radial outer surface 25 of an oil feed pin 23 of the crankshaft 10 and a radial channel section and an axial channel section with the remaining channel portions of the control oil channel 18 are fluidly connected, see Fig. 1c.
    In this case, the inlet openings 18E of the control oil channel 18 are hydraulically connected to an oil supply channel 22 in the crankshaft housing 27, wherein the inlet openings 18E and the control oil channel 18 in each case sealed against an adjacent main bearing seat 12 with the oil supply passage 22 of the crankcase 27 via seals 26, which act at least in the axial direction sealingly against the main bearing seat 12 and the lubrication of the main bearing seat 12, are hydraulically connected, so that a control oil supply via the control oil passage 18 with a control oil pressure is independent of a main oil pressure possible. The seals 26 are also formed as sealing rings in the form of O-rings.
    Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of a crankshaft 20 according to the invention with a connecting rod 11 attached thereto as parts of a second embodiment of a reciprocating piston engine 200 according to the invention, wherein the same components are provided with the same reference numerals.
    The illustrated in Fig. 2, the inventive crankshaft 20 is formed according to the second aspect of the invention and has, in contrast to the previously described, according to the first aspect of the invention formed crankshaft 10 only within the crankshaft 20 extending oil passage 18, the serves in particular as a control oil channel 18 and according to the invention in each case by completely arranged within the shoulder surface 16 of the crank arm shoulder 15 output ports 18 A opens into the Pleuellagersitze 13.
    In contrast to the previously described with reference to FIGS. 1a to 1c, formed according to a first aspect of the invention crankshaft 10, no separate lubricating oil passage 17 for lubricating the connecting rod bearing seats 13 is provided in this crankshaft 20 according to the invention, so that the lubrication of Pleuellagersitze 13 otherwise must be done.
    In this case, the lubrication of the Pleuellagersitze 13 via the control oil passage 18, which is supplied via the input port 18 E, as in the embodiment described above and a corresponding hydraulic connection with an oil supply passage 22 in the crankcase 27, with the necessary oil. That At the crankshaft 20 of the reciprocating engine 200, the control oil required for controlling the control valve 320 and the lubricating oil required for lubricating the Pleuellagersitze 13 are guided through the same oil supply passage, in particular through the control oil passage 18 to the Pleuellagersitzen 13.
    Like in the previously described reciprocating piston engine 100, the control oil passage 18 is also not in hydraulic communication with the main bearing seats 12 so as to be able to pressurize the oil in the control oil passage 18 independently of the main oil pressure, though not independently of a lubricating oil pressure. Pressure for lubrication of the big end bearing seats 13.
    In order to ensure adequate lubrication of Pleuellagersitze 13, in comparison to the previously described reciprocating engine 100 each in the radial direction within the outlet openings 18A, via which the control oil passage 18 opens into the Pleuellagersitze 13, no seal 21 is provided so that an unhindered Oil supply to the connecting rod bearing surface is ensured. In some cases, it may also be advantageous if the second, arranged in the radial direction outside of the outlet opening second seal 21 is omitted.
    Alternatively and / or additionally, it is of course also possible to provide from the control oil channel 18 additional, not shown here branches, each of which opens through the connecting rod journal in the connecting rod bearing surface, similar to the lubricating oil channel 17, described with reference to FIGS. 1a to 1c reciprocating piston engine 100 according to the invention.
    Although the exemplary embodiment of a reciprocating piston engine 200 according to the invention shown in FIG. 2 has the disadvantage over the reciprocating piston engine 100 described with reference to FIGS. 1 a to 1 c, the control oil guided in the control oil passage 18 can not be pressurized independently of the connecting-rod oil lubrication 29 , However, the embodiment has over the reciprocating engine 100 according to the invention the advantage that only one oil channel 18 is to be introduced into the crankshaft 20, which is advantageous from a manufacturing point of view.
    The lubrication of the main bearing seats 12 takes place, as in the previously described first embodiment of a reciprocating piston engine 100 according to the invention preferably also from the outside via arranged in the crankcase oil supply channels.
    Of course, a variety of modifications to the described embodiments is possible without departing from the content of the claims.
    Reference numeral list: 10, 20 crankshaft according to the invention 11 length-adjustable connecting rod 12 main bearing seat 13 connecting rod bearing seat 14 crank arm 15 crank arm shoulder 16 shoulder surface 17 lubricating oil channel 18 control oil channel 18A output port of the control oil channel 18E input port of the control oil channel 19 control supply line in the connecting rod 21 sealing ring for sealing 22 oil supply port in crankshaft housing 23 oil supply pin 24 pressure oil supply line 25 radial outer surface of the oil supply pin 26 sealing ring for sealing the input port of the control oil passage relative to the main bearing lubrication 27 crankshaft housing 28 projection on the crankshaft shoulder 29 connecting rod lubrication 30 oil -Drainage 31 oil sump 320 control valve 100, 200 inventive reciprocating piston engine H1 first high-pressure chamber H2 second high-pressure chamber L rotation axis of the crankshaft
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1]
    claims
    Crankshaft (10) for a reciprocating piston engine (100), in particular for a reciprocating internal combustion engine (10), wherein the crankshaft (10) - at least one main bearing seat (12) with a main journal for rotatably supporting the crankshaft (10) in a crankcase (27 relative to the crankcase (27), - at least one Pleuellagersitz (13) with a connecting rod journal for rotatably connecting a connecting rod (11) on the crankshaft (10), and - within the crankshaft (10) extending lubricating oil channel (17) Supply of at least one Pleuellagersitzes (13) with lubricating oil, characterized in that the crankshaft (10) at least one, the lubricating oil channel (17) separately formed, within the crankshaft (10) extending and at least not within the crankshaft (10) the lubricating oil channel (17) flow-connected, to at least one Pleuellagersitz (13) guided control oil channel (18) having at least one input port (18 E) and at least one exit port (18A).
    [2]
    2. Crankshaft (10, 20) for a reciprocating piston engine, in particular for a reciprocating internal combustion engine (10, 20), wherein the crankshaft (10, 20) - at least one main bearing seat (12) with a main bearing journal for rotatably supporting the crankshaft (10, 20) in a crankshaft housing (27) relative to the crankshaft housing (27), - at least one Pleuellagersitz (13) with a connecting rod journal for rotatably connecting a connecting rod (11) on the crankshaft (10, 20), - at least one crank arm (14) with a crank arm shoulder (15) with a shoulder surface (16) and - at least one within the crankshaft (10, 20) extending control oil passage (18) having at least one input port (18 E) and at least one output port (18 A) which at least one Pleuellagersitz ( 13) is guided, - wherein at least one Pleuellagersitz (13) in the axial direction by a at the connecting rod journal of the Pleuellagersitzes (13) adjacent shoulder surface (16) of a crank cheek shoulder (15) is limited, characterized in that the control oil passage (18) in at least one Pleuellagersitz (13) through a completely within the shoulder surface (16) of the crank arm shoulder (15) arranged output opening (18A) opens.
    [3]
    3. crankshaft (10, 20) according to claim 1, characterized in that the crankshaft (10, 20) is designed such that the control oil passage (18) with a control supply line (19) on the crankshaft (10, 20) connected to the connecting rod (11) sealed against a lubricating oil for lubrication (29) of the connecting rod bearing seat (13) is hydraulically connected.
    [4]
    4. Crankshaft (10, 20) according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the crankshaft (10, 20) has at least one crank arm (14) with a crank arm shoulder (15) with a shoulder surface (16), wherein at least one ball bearing seat (16). 13) in the axial direction is delimited by a shoulder surface (16) of a crank arm shoulder (15) adjoining the connecting rod journal of the connecting rod bearing seat (13), and wherein the control oil passage (18) is provided with an outlet opening (18A, 18A) arranged completely within the shoulder surface (16) ) in the connecting rod bearing seat (13) opens.
    [5]
    5. crankshaft (10, 20) according to claim 4, characterized in that the crankshaft (10, 20) is designed such that the control oil passage (18) by means of at least one, in the radial direction inside and / or outside the output port ( 18A) can be arranged between a crankshaft (10, 20) connected to the connecting rod (11) and the shoulder surface (16) acting seal (21) is sealable against a lubricating oil for lubrication (29) of the connecting rod bearing seat (13).
    [6]
    6. crankshaft (20) according to claim 2, characterized in that the control oil passage (18), preferably also, for lubricating oil supply at least one Pleuellagersitzes (13) is formed, wherein the control oil passage (18) preferably not crankshaft side the lubricating oil supply of a main bearing seat (12) is fluidly connected or flow connectable.
    [7]
    7. crankshaft (10, 20) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the crankshaft (10, 20) is formed such that at least one input opening (18 E) of the control oil passage (18) having an oil supply passage (22) an associated crankshaft housing (27) is hydraulically connectable, wherein the crankshaft (10, 20) for the hydraulic connection of the control oil passage (18) with the oil supply passage (22) of the crankcase (27), in particular for the hydraulic connection of at least one input port (18 E) of the pilot oil passage (18) with the oil feed passage (22), preferably an oil feed peg (23) in which at least one input port (18E) of the pilot oil passage (18) is arranged, at least one input port (18E) of the pilot oil passage (18E). Channel (18) in particular in a radial outer surface (25) of the oil feed pin (23) is arranged.
    [8]
    8. crankshaft (10, 20) according to claim 7, characterized in that the crankshaft (10, 20) is formed such that the control oil passage (18) by means of at least one, between the oil feed pin (23) and an associated crankcase ( 27) at least in the axial direction acting seal (26) with the oil supply passage (22) of the crankcase (27) sealed against the lubricating oil for lubrication of at least one main bearing seat (12) is hydraulically connectable.
    [9]
    9. A reciprocating piston engine (100, 200), in particular reciprocating internal combustion engine (100, 200), with a crankshaft (10, 20), characterized in that the crankshaft (10, 20) according to at least one of claims 1 to 8 is formed.
    [10]
    10. A reciprocating piston engine (100, 200) according to claim 9, characterized in that the reciprocating piston at least one con rod at least one connecting rod bearing seat (13) tailed connecting rod (11) with a control supply line (19), in particular a hydraulically length-adjustable connecting rod (11 ) with at least one hydraulically actuated, in hydraulic communication with the control supply line (19) stationary control valve (320), wherein the control oil passage (18) of the crankshaft (10, 20) to the control supply line (19) is hydraulically connected , in particular for supplying oil to the control valve (320).
    [11]
    11. A reciprocating piston engine (100) according to claim 9 or 10, in particular with a crankshaft (10) according to 1 or 3, characterized in that the control oil passage (18) sealed against a lubricating oil for lubrication (29) of the connecting rod bearing seat (13) the control supply line (19) is hydraulically connected.
    [12]
    12. A reciprocating piston engine (100) according to claim 11, in particular with a crankshaft (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the control oil passage (18) by means of at least one, in the radial direction within and / or outside the output port (18A) can be arranged is sealed between a connecting rod (11) connected to the crankshaft (10, 20) and the shoulder surface (16) against a lubricating oil for lubrication (29) of the connecting rod bearing seat (13), preferably a first seal in the radial direction within the Output port (21) is arranged, and a second seal (21) in the radial direction outside the output port.
    [13]
    13. A reciprocating piston engine (200) according to claim 9 or 10, in particular with a crankshaft (20) according to claim 2 or 6, characterized in that the control oil passage (18), preferably also, for lubricating oil supply at least one connecting rod bearing seat (13). is used, wherein the control oil passage (18) is preferably not fluidly connected to the lubricating oil supply of a main bearing seat (12).
    [14]
    14. A reciprocating engine (100, 200) according to at least one of claims 9 to 13, in particular with a crankshaft (10, 20) according to claim 7, wherein the reciprocating engine also has a crankcase (27) with at least one oil supply passage (22), characterized in that at least one inlet opening (18E) of the control oil passage (18) of the crankshaft (10, 20) is hydraulically connected to an oil feed passage (22) of the crankcase (27), and wherein the reciprocating engine (100, 200) preferably includes control means for Applying a guided in the oil supply passage (22) oil having a defined oil pressure, in particular for applying a defined oil pressure regardless of a, in a guided to a main bearing seat (12) lubricating oil passage (17) main oil pressure.
    [15]
    15. A reciprocating engine (100, 200) according to claim 14, in particular with a crankshaft (10, 20) according to claim 8, characterized in that the control oil passage (18) by means of at least one, between the oil feed pin (23) and an associated crankcase (27) at least axially acting seal (26), with the oil supply passage of the crankcase (22) sealed against the lubricating oil for lubricating at least one main bearing seat (12) is hydraulically connected, wherein the control oil passage (18) preferably by at least one in axial direction between a main bearing seat (12) and at least one inlet opening (18E) of the control oil channel (18) arranged sealing ring (26), in particular an O-ring (26), relative to the main bearing seat (12) is sealed.
    [16]
    16. Reciprocating engine (100, 200) according to at least one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that at least one of the crankshaft (10, 20) tailed connecting rod (11) is hydraulically adjustable in length and a first high-pressure chamber (H1) and a second each having a hydraulic working pressure acted upon high-pressure chamber (H2), wherein upon application of a sufficient pressure difference between the first high-pressure chamber (H1) and the second high-pressure chamber (H2) a length adjustment of the connecting rod (11) is effected, wherein the connecting rod (11) with a the hydraulic oil of the Pleuellagersitzes (13) hydraulically connected pressure oil supply line (24), which by means of the control valve (320) with the first high-pressure chamber (H1) and / or the second high pressure chamber (H2) is fluidly connected, and preferably in a first switching state the control valve (320), the pressure oil supply line (24) with the first high-pressure chamber (H1) is fluidly connected and in a second Scha lt state with the second high-pressure chamber (H2).
    [17]
    17. Vehicle with a reciprocating engine (100, 200), in particular with a reciprocating internal combustion engine (100, 200), characterized in that the reciprocating engine (100, 200) according to at least one of claims 9 to 16 is formed.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2017207617A1|2017-12-07|
    AT518703B1|2018-08-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPS6390039U|1986-12-02|1988-06-11|
    DE60317853T2|2002-06-25|2008-11-27|Ford Global Technologies, LLC, Dearborn|Crankshaft of an internal combustion engine|
    WO2015055582A2|2013-10-18|2015-04-23|Avl List Gmbh|Length-adjustable connecting rod|
    US20150167561A1|2013-12-13|2015-06-18|Hyundai Motor Company|Variable compression ratio device|
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    DE102015001066B3|2015-01-29|2015-10-22|Armin Brunner|Hydraulically adjustable connecting rod|DE102018132718A1|2018-12-18|2020-06-18|Hochschule Heilbronn|Crank drive for a reciprocating machine|DE2736601A1|1977-08-13|1979-02-22|Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag|Plain bearing for IC engine connecting rod - has oil-retaining collar pressed into place against crankshaft collar by spring ring|
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    AT521881B1|2018-12-03|2021-02-15|Avl List Gmbh|Length-adjustable connecting rod with two-part control slide|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50485/2016A|AT518703B1|2016-05-31|2016-05-31|Crankshaft for a reciprocating engine, reciprocating engine and vehicle with a reciprocating engine|ATA50485/2016A| AT518703B1|2016-05-31|2016-05-31|Crankshaft for a reciprocating engine, reciprocating engine and vehicle with a reciprocating engine|
    PCT/EP2017/063130| WO2017207617A1|2016-05-31|2017-05-31|Crankshaft for a reciprocating engine, reciprocating engine and vehicle having a reciprocating engine|
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