• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a testing device (4) for testing a tamping unit (1) comprising two opposed, mutually movable, oscillating Stopfpickelarme (7), wherein the test device (4) for holding the two Stopfpickelarme (7) each have their own holding device (5) and wherein the two retaining devices (5) are connected to a linear drive and measuring device (9) for receiving force-displacement curves. Such a testing device (4) enables the quality inspection of a tamping unit (1).
    公开号:AT518693A1
    申请号:T260/2016
    申请日:2016-05-24
    公开日:2017-12-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Plasser & Theurer Exp Von Bahnbaumaschinen G M B H；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    Test device and method for testing a tamping unit
    Field of the Invention [01] The invention relates to a testing apparatus and method for testing a stuffing aggregate comprising two opposing, mutually movable, vibratory stuffing-picking arms.
    PRIOR ART [02] Stopfaggregate serve to Unterstopfen a track, which is mounted on a ballast bed. Here, tamping punches penetrate in the track direction in front of and behind a threshold in the ballast bed. By means of a juxtaposed Beistellbewegung the crushed stone is compacted below the threshold. During submersion in the ballast bed and during the Beistellbewegung the tamping picks are subjected to a vibratory motion to facilitate the rearrangement of the ballast.
    [03] An in-service tamping unit is exposed to heavy loads that require regular maintenance. Usually wear-prone components are checked at predetermined maintenance intervals and renewed if necessary. It must be ensured that the tamping unit achieves the original performance characteristics after maintenance.
    [0002] GB 2 451 310 A discloses a method and a test device for checking a current state of wear of individual components. For this purpose, a plurality of sensors are arranged on a tamping unit whose measurement signals are compared with comparison signals of a new unit. The deviations of the signals provide information about the condition of bearings, bushings and bolts.
    [05] A device for bearing diagnosis on eccentric shafts of tamping units is also known from DE 20 2008 010 351 U1. For monitoring the bearing condition, a vibration sensor is placed on the bearing block of the drive for each eccentric shaft drive.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [06] The invention has for its object to provide a test device of the type mentioned, which allows an evaluation of the overall state of Stopfaggregats. Furthermore, a corresponding procedure has to be presented.
    [07] According to the invention this object is achieved by a test device according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 12. Advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.
    [08] In this case, the test device for holding the two stuffing picking arms each comprise its own holding device, wherein the two holding devices are connected to a linear drive and measuring device for receiving force-displacement curves. Such a test device allows the quality control of a tamping unit. Such a test is useful in the development of a new tamping unit in order to simulate the behavior at different Eisatzbedingungen can. The tester exerts on the tamping that reaction forces that are caused in operational use by the ballast bed.
    [09] Even with tamping units already in use, the use of the testing device makes sense in order to be able to determine the state of the unit and the achievable tamping quality under different conditions. For example, the energy content per immersion process that can be introduced into a ballast bed can be determined as a characteristic value for the tamping aggregate using the testing device. Changes in repeated tests also allow early conclusions on signs of wear or malfunction.
    In a further development it is provided that the drive and measuring device is connected to an intelligent controller. By means of this control, the reaction behavior of the testing device acting on the tamping unit can be changed. In particular, different gravel bed hardnesses can be specified in this way.
    [11] It is advantageous if a connection to a data network is provided in order to transmit data to a remote evaluation device. This allows a central evaluation of tests during a new or further development of the tamping aggregate or a comparative analysis of test results recorded at different times.
    [12] A simple embodiment of the invention provides that the linear drive and measuring device comprises a linear drive, which is arranged between the two retaining devices. With this arrangement it is possible to have the same reaction forces acting on both stuffing-picking arms.
    In another embodiment, the linear drive and measuring device comprises two linear drives, wherein in each case a linear drive between a holding device and a carrier is arranged. In this way, the reaction forces on each tufting arm can be specified separately, so that a wide variety of application scenarios can be simulated.
    [14] Advantageously, the respective linear drive is designed as a hydraulic cylinder. Even small sizes allow high reaction forces, which are required in particular for simulating hardened ballast bedding. In the respective hydraulic cylinder, a displacement measuring system is integrated for path-dependent control.
    [15] Furthermore, two hydraulic pressure sensors are arranged on each hydraulic cylinder, by means of which the static and dynamic forces acting on the test device from the tamping unit can be measured. The direct arrangement on the respective hydraulic cylinder avoids dampening effects that can occur in connecting or connecting lines. The measurement signals detected by means of pressure sensors can be used on the one hand to control the test apparatus and on the other hand to record the force-displacement characteristic curves.
    [16] Alternatively, it may also be advantageous if the respective linear drive is designed as an electric linear drive. This eliminates the need for a hydraulic system. In addition, electric linear drives are usually easier and more responsive than hydraulic drives.
    Conveniently, a force sensor is connected to the respective electric linear drive. It continuously measures the static and dynamic forces acting on the linear drive from the tamping unit and supplies the measuring single for control or recording of the force-displacement characteristic curves.
    A simple expression of the respective retaining device provides that this is designed to hold a free end of a stuffing peg. It thus includes requirements for the tufting ends for transmitting the forces in both directions of movement. This means that tamping units can be tested directly on a tamping machine without further preparation.
    [19] Alternatively, it may be useful if the respective retaining device has a shank which can be fastened in a pickup receptacle of the respective stuffing picking arm. This means that tamping units without assembled tamping knives can also be tested on a tamping machine or in a test stand.
    The inventive method for testing a tamping unit with two opposite Stopfpickelarmen provides that each Stopfpickelarm is held by a holding device that by means of a drive and measuring device on the retaining devices on the tamping unit in use adjustable opposing forces are exerted and that one of respective tamping arm on the drive and measuring device acting force and a distance traveled by the respective tufting arm path are measured. Thus, force-displacement characteristics can be created in a simple manner. These characterize the tested tamping unit and can be used to derive further characteristics.
    [21] The procedure is improved when the opposing forces are controlled by means of intelligent control. Simultaneously with the activation of the test device, the documentation of the measurement results is carried out by means of this intelligent control.
    [22] A further improvement provides that several measuring operations are carried out with changed opposing forces in order to determine a characteristic field. For example, the resistance to the superimposed over a predetermined order of the respective Stopfpickelarms
    Vibration amplitude changed to obtain a characteristic field, which clearly characterizes the tested tamping unit.
    Conveniently, it is provided that measurement data is transmitted to a remote evaluation device. This facilitates a central evaluation and documentation of the measurement results.
    Brief Description of the Drawings [24] The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. In a schematic representation:
    Fig. 1 Tester with a linear drive Fig. 2 Tester with two linear drives
    DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS [25] The figures show a lower section of a tamping unit 1 to be tested. In an aggregate frame 2 two Stopfpickelarme 3 are rotatably mounted. An order movement of the respective Stopfpickelarms 3 is usually carried out by a Beistellzylinder, not shown, which moves the upper leg of the Stopfpickelarms 3 to the outside. This order movement is superimposed by a vibratory motion, which is either applied by a separate vibration drive or generated by the auxiliary cylinder itself.
    As a vibratory drive, an eccentric has proven in which a rotationally driven eccentric is connected to a flywheel. To the vibration drive of the respective order cylinder for transmitting the vibration movement is connected to the associated Stopfpickelarm 3.
    Another type provides a vibration generation by imbalance masses. The aim of the vibration movements is a high compaction of the ballast below a threshold to ensure a homogeneous and stable storage of the same.
    [28] Each design of a tamping unit 1 causes characteristic features that can be detected by means of the present test device 4 and the corresponding method. For example, with a
    Eccentric drive achievable a stable vibration amplitude, whereas a vibration generation by means of hydraulic cylinder for amplitude drops is prone to increased ballast resistance.
    [29] At the beginning of a test procedure, the test device 4 is connected to the tamping unit 1. For this purpose, the test device 4 comprises two retaining devices 5, which, for example-as shown in FIG. 1 -are inserted directly into tamping pick-up receptacles 6 of the tamping unit 1.
    2, the retaining devices 5 are applied to stuffing tacks 7 mounted in the tamping unit 1. In any case, it is necessary to ensure a play-free transmission of the movements of the respective stuffing picking arm 3 to the associated holding device 5.
    In a simple embodiment, a common linear drive 8 is provided, which connects the retaining devices 5 of the test device 4 as a linear drive and measuring device 9 with each other (Fig. 1). In such a linear drive 8 those forces and movements are absorbed, which are exerted by two Stopfpickelarmen 3 relative to each other.
    [31] As a linear drive 8, for example, a hydraulic cylinder with integrated displacement measuring system 10 is arranged. Directly on the hydraulic cylinder two pressure sensors 11 are mounted. In addition, a hydraulic system 12 includes servo and / or proportional valves for the control of the hydraulic cylinder, a protective circuit, a hydraulic tank, a hydraulic cooling, a filtering and a pump.
    [32] In another embodiment, the linear drive and measuring device 9 comprises two linear drives 8 (FIG. 2). These are beispielswese designed as two connected to the hydraulic system 12 hydraulic cylinder. Each hydraulic cylinder is equipped with an integrated position measuring system 10 and with two pressure sensors 11.
    The thus formed drive and measuring device 9 is connected by means of the retaining devices 5 with the tamping unit 1. On the other hand, the drive and measuring device 9 is pivotally coupled to a rigid connecting element 13. With this arrangement, everyone can
    Stopfpickelarm 3 different resistance forces are given to simulate an asymmetric load of Stopfaggregats 1.
    [34] The hydraulic cylinders can be designed without a seal in order to withstand the high loads exerted on the test device 4 by the tamping unit 1. The hydraulic cylinders can also be carried out with a separate drain line to cool the seals by means of a targeted amount of leakage oil and collect the leak oil.
    [35] As an alternative to a hydraulic design of the linear drive and measuring device 9 can be useful as a linear drive 8, an electric linear drive coupled with a force sensor. As a force sensor, for example, a load cell is replaceable.
    [36] An electrical system 14 is provided for the electrical supply and control of the test device 4. Specifically, it includes an intelligent controller 15, by means of which the control of the test device 4 takes place.
    The controller 15 also receives the measurement signals of the respective pressure sensor 11 and the respective position measuring system 10. From this force-displacement characteristics are determined, which are stored and evaluated for documentation.
    The electrical system 14 optionally comprises a connection 16 for connection to a remote evaluation device 17. This provides the possibility of transmitting measurement signals to the evaluation device 17 before or after processing by means of the controller 15. Force-displacement curves can be determined and stored centrally in this way. By way of example, an evaluation device 17 is a computer remote from the testing device 4.
    [38] In the case of a connection to a server, it makes sense to transfer all data acquired by the test device 4 to it. For this purpose, the controller 15 includes a suitable network connection. The measured data can thus be used at any time for evaluations and evaluations of the tests carried out. In addition, it is possible to store test parameters in the server and, if necessary, to transfer them to the test apparatus 4. In this way, a suitable examination scenario can be stored on the server for each tufting unit 1.
    [39] Advantageously, the electrical system 14 includes controls such as a keyboard and a monitor to directly input or read data from the tester 4. For example, characteristic data of the tamping unit 1 to be tested are input and linked to recorded measurement data.
    In carrying out the method for testing the tamping unit 1, it makes sense if the test program is created in advance and then runs automatically. In this example, different Beistellwege be traversed, being changed over the Beistellweg the resistance of the superimposed vibration amplitude. In this way, a characteristic field is generated, which uniquely characterizes the tested tamping unit 1. This is done either directly on the test apparatus 4 or by means of a remote evaluation device 17 following a test procedure.
    [41] The test device 4 also serves to simulate limit loads on the tamping unit 1 to be tested. As a result, new developments or new technologies can already be tested and tested during the development phase.
    [42] In addition, the test device 4 provides opportunities to specify uniform quality criteria for differently constructed tamping units 1. For this purpose, a standardized test procedure is specified by means of a stored test program. For an operating license, for example, characteristic values which are derived from the measurement results must lie within predefined ranges. Based on the test results is thus recognizable whether a tested Stopfaggregat 1 is suitable for a specific ballast bed hardness.
    [43] Special types such as so-called lightweight aggregates can be taken into account by means of their own limit values. Lightweight aggregates are intended for the clogging of a soft ballast bed and are therefore only to be certified for such applications. This can certainly make sense for cost reasons and is made possible by a standardized test method.
    [44] With the stored measurement results and evaluations, a comprehensible quality certificate is available at the end of a successful test. By specifying a test scenario, there is also a high level of reproducibility and thus comparability of the results.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    claims
    1. testing device (4) for testing a Stopfaggregats (1), the two opposing, mutually movable, oscillating adjustable Stopfpickelarme (7), characterized in that the test device (4) for holding the two Stopfpickelarme (7) each have their own Holding device (5) and that the two retaining devices (5) are connected to a linear drive and measuring device (9) for receiving force-displacement characteristics.
    [2]
    2. testing device (4) according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive and measuring device (9) with an intelligent controller (15) is connected.
    [3]
    3. testing device (4) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a connection (16) is provided to a data network to transmit data to a remote evaluation device (17).
    [4]
    4. testing device (4) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the linear drive and measuring device (9) comprises a linear drive (8) which is arranged between the two retaining devices (5).
    [5]
    5. testing device (4) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the linear drive and measuring device (9) comprises two linear drives (8) and that in each case a linear drive (8) between a retaining device (5) and a rigid Connecting element (13) is arranged.
    [6]
    6. testing device (4) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the respective linear drive (8) is designed as a hydraulic cylinder.
    [7]
    7. testing device (4) according to claim 6, characterized in that two hydraulic pressure sensors (11) are arranged on each hydraulic cylinder.
    [8]
    8. testing device (4) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the respective linear drive (8) is designed as an electric linear drive.
    [9]
    9. testing device (4) according to claim 8, characterized in that a force sensor is connected to the electric linear drive.
    [10]
    10. testing device (4) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the respective retaining device (5) for holding a free end of a stuffing pickle (7) is formed.
    [11]
    11. testing device (4) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the respective retaining device (5) has a shank which in a pickup (6) of the respective Stopfpickelarms (3) can be fastened.
    [12]
    12. A method for testing a Stopfaggregats (1) comprising two opposed, mutually movable, oscillating Stopfpickelarme (3), characterized in that each Stopfpickelarm (3) by means of a holding device (5) is held that by means of a drive and measuring device (9) via the retaining devices (5) on the operating tamping unit (1) adjustable opposing forces are exerted and that one of each Stopfpickelarm (3) on the drive and measuring device (9) acting force and a respective Stopfpickelarm ( 1) traveled path are measured.
    [13]
    13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the opposing forces are controlled by means of an intelligent controller (15).
    [14]
    14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that a plurality of measuring operations are performed with changed opposing forces to determine a characteristic field.
    [15]
    15. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that measurement data are transmitted to a remote evaluation device (17).
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    引用文献:
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    US10876913B2|2017-07-27|2020-12-29|Morgan Engineering Systems, Inc.|Device and method for testing crane tong grip strength|AT520056B1|2017-05-29|2020-12-15|Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh|Method and device for compacting a track ballast bed|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA260/2016A|AT518693B1|2016-05-24|2016-05-24|Test device and method for testing a tamping unit|ATA260/2016A| AT518693B1|2016-05-24|2016-05-24|Test device and method for testing a tamping unit|
    CN201780029920.8A| CN109196327B|2016-05-24|2017-04-26|Test device and method for testing a tamping device|
    US16/092,977| US20190137356A1|2016-05-24|2017-04-26|Testing device and method for testing a tamping unit|
    EP17719485.9A| EP3465135A1|2016-05-24|2017-04-26|Test device and method for testing a tamping unit|
    PCT/EP2017/000522| WO2017202484A1|2016-05-24|2017-04-26|Test device and method for testing a tamping unit|
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