• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The subject of this invention is an air-cooled hydropower generator (1), which is designed as a synchronous electric machine with a rotor (2) and a stator (3), with at least eight poles (19), which are formed by the rotor windings (7). The subject of this invention also forms a method for producing and operating the hydroelectric generator according to the invention
    公开号:AT518592A1
    申请号:T50421/2016
    申请日:2016-05-09
    公开日:2017-11-15
    发明作者:Ing Dr Fritz Neumayer Dipl；Ing Mario Himmelreich Dipl；Ing Walter Harb Dipl
    申请人:Andritz Hydro Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    HYDROPOWER GENERATOR AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION AND OPERATION THEREOF
    The subject of this invention is an air-cooled hydropower generator, which is designed as a synchronous electric machine with a rotor and a stator, with at least eight poles on the rotor, which are formed by the pole winding.
    The subject of this invention also forms a method for producing and operating the hydroelectric generator according to the invention.
    Hydropower generators must always be operated at a sufficient distance from the critical speeds (critical bending speeds), preferably below the first critical speed.
    In the critical speed range, the forces of the rotating imbalance cause a machine part or the entire machine to resonate. This can lead to the destruction of the generator. The critical speed is essentially determined by the bearing, the stiffness of the rotating parts and their mass. An increase in the rotor mass leads to the reduction of the first critical speed.
    The problem is the operation of very large high-speed hydropower generators. Due to the very large rotor mass, the first critical speed is comparatively low. In order not to come within the range of the operating speed, trying to keep the mass of the rotor as low as possible. Lower rotor masses at the same power require a very efficient cooling, therefore, such rotors are equipped with a water cooling.
    However, water cooling is more expensive and expensive compared to simple air cooling.
    It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a hydropower generator which can be provided with air cooling and which is nevertheless suitable for high-speed, high-speed installations (for example in the range above 500 MVA).
    This object is achieved by a hydroelectric generator according to claim 1. According to the invention, the self-supporting rotor body on no central shaft, but consists of several interconnected forged steel rings, each steel ring has grooves for receiving the rotor winding.
    By this construction without central shaft, on the one hand reduces the rotor mass and thereby increases the first critical speed. On the other hand, a particularly high rigidity of the rotor body can be achieved by the rotor structure on the forged steel rings, through which the first critical bending speed is also increased. Thus, such a hydropower generator despite its high performance with, for hydropower generators relatively high speeds, for example in the range of 400 to 900 U / min, operated and cooled with air.
    Preferably, the individual steel rings are connected or clamped together via bolts extending in the axial direction (= parallel to the axis of rotation). The steel rings can also with the help of
    Centering seats are centered or aligned with each other.
    It is advantageous if the two generator shafts are each connected via a transition piece with the steel rings or the rotor body. Where the transition pieces extend in the axial direction, so that they are yielding in the radial direction. The caused by the operating temperature and especially by the centrifugal forces expansion of the steel rings is compensated. These transition pieces may have a bell-shaped, a cylindrical or a conical shape.
    The structure of the steel rings has the advantage that radial cooling channels for the cooling air can be formed in a simple manner, namely via grooves or
    Depressions in the contact surfaces between the rings.
    Preferably, the rotor body formed from the steel rings at the Nutgründen cooling channels, which extend in the axial direction (parallel to the axis of rotation). The cooling air is then preferably supplied via an end opening into the interior of the rotor body and passed from there via the radial cooling channels on to the groove bases extending channels. The cooling air can then leave the rotor via radial bores in the winding. This leads to a good cooling of the rotor winding.
    The axial cooling channels can either run continuously over the entire length of the rotor body or be divided in the longitudinal direction, so the cooling air distribution can be optimally adjusted.
    The invention also relates to a method for operating a hydropower generator according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the hydropower generator is operated below the first critical bending speed.
    Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a hydropower generator according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the grooves are already incorporated into the individual steel rings before the steel rings are assembled to the rotor body.
    The finished steel rings can then be transported to the final operating site and assembled there. This simplifies the transport enormously.
    In the following an embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to drawings. Show it:
    1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through the hydropower generator according to the invention;
    FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross section through the rotor; FIG.
    Fig. 3 is a detail of the rotor of Fig. 2;
    Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 detail sections of the rotor of Fig. 1;
    Fig. 7 is a view of the rotor;
    The same reference numerals in the individual figures designate the same system parts.
    FIG. 1 shows a section along the axis of rotation 20 through an exemplary embodiment of the hydrodynamic generator 1 according to the invention without corresponding bearings for the shaft 11.
    The vertical rotor 2 is located inside the stator 3, which rests on a foundation 25. The rotor body 4 is formed from a plurality of steel rings 5, 5 a, 5 b, which are clamped together by threaded bolts 8 and nuts 21. The individual steel rings 5, 5a, 5b are centered on centering shoulders 9, which engage in recesses (exemptions) 10 of an adjacent steel ring 5, 5a, 5b.
    Outside the rotor body 4 are located in the steel rings 5, 5a, 5b grooves 6 for the rotor winding 7. The winding over the winding head support (rotor caps) 18 stabilized.
    The rotor body 4 is screwed at its two ends in each case via a transition piece 12 with the shaft 11.
    The transition piece 12 has a substantially radially extending portion y extending 12 a, which is connected to the shaft 11. In addition, the transition piece 12 consists of a second radially extending y section 12c, which is clamped between the two outer steel rings 5 and 5b and so the connection of the transition piece 12 with the steel rings 5, 5a, 5b produces.
    Between the two radial sections 5a and 5c there is a section 5b of the transition piece 12 extending in the axial direction x. This cylindrical section 12b permits a certain flexibility in the radial direction y. As a result, the centrifugal expansion and the thermal expansion of the rotor body 4 is compensated during operation.
    This extent can well be in the range of several millimeters. Cooling air can be guided into the rotor interior 22 via an end opening 14 in the rotor body 4 (in the transition piece 12 a). This cooling air passes through in the radial direction y extending cooling channels 17 in the axial direction x extending groove base channels 16 and cools the rotor winding 7 via radial cooling channels 23 (see in Fig. 3) in the winding. 7
    Finally, the cooling air exits the rotor 2 in the air gap.
    FIG. 2 shows a section through the rotor 2 of an 18-pole hydropower generator 1. It is easy to see the individual grooves 6 in the steel ring 5 and the bores 26 for receiving the bolts 8.
    Figure 3 shows the grooves 6 with the inserted winding 7 of Figure 2 in detail. Here you can see the running in the axial direction of the cooling channels 16 at the bottom of the groove. Via radial cooling channels 23 in the winding 7 and the slot wedges 15, the cooling air can escape into the air gap between the rotor 2 and the stator 3.
    In Figure 4, the centering seat of two steel rings 5 is shown to each other. The annular centering shoulder 9 of the steel ring 5 engages in the recess 10 of an adjacent steel ring 5 a.
    FIG. 5 shows the connection of the transition piece 12 to the steel rings 5 and 5b. The extending in the radial direction y
    Section 12c is clamped between the outermost steel ring 5b and the steel ring 5 by the bolts 8. In this area, cooling air is supplied via the annular gap 24 between the outer steel ring 5b and the section 12b of the transition piece 12 extending in the axial direction to the radial cooling channels 17 and thus reaches the axial cooling channels 16 at the groove base.
    FIG. 6 shows a radial cooling channel 17 between two steel rings 5 in the rotor interior 22. These cooling channels 17 can be manufactured via radial grooves in the contact surfaces of the steel rings 5.
    In Figure 7 shows the structure of the winding head, which is stabilized by the rotor caps 18 (winding head support). The rotor winding 7 forms eighteen poles 19.
    Since the construction according to the invention is intended especially for very large and heavy hydropower generators, the grooves 6 are preferably incorporated before the assembly of the steel rings 5, 5a, 5b, since smaller processing machines are required therefor.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Air-cooled hydropower generator (1), which is designed as a synchronous electric machine with a stator (3) and a rotor (2), wherein on the rotor a pole winding (7) at least eight poles (19), characterized in that the self-supporting rotor body (3) has no central shaft, but consists of a plurality of interconnected forged steel rings (5, 5a, 5b), wherein each steel ring (5, 5a, 5b) grooves (6), in which the rotor winding (7) is inserted.
    [2]
    Second hydropower generator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual steel rings (5, 5 a, 5 b) in the axial direction (x) extending bolts (8) are interconnected.
    [3]
    3. Hydropower generator (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the steel rings (5, 5a, 5b) centering shoulders (9) which engage respectively in recesses (10) of an adjacent steel ring (5, 5a, 5b).
    [4]
    4. Hydroelectric generator (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the steel rings (5a), which form the central part of the rotor body (4) have a different inner diameter than the steel rings (5b) at the rotor edge regions, preferably the inner diameter of the steel rings (5a) in the middle part greater than the inner diameter of the steel rings (5b) in the edge regions.
    [5]
    5. Hydropower generator (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the steel rings (5b) in the edge regions in each case via a transition piece (12) with a shaft (11) are connected, wherein the transition pieces (12) in axial direction (x) so that they are yielding in the radial direction (y).
    [6]
    6. Hydroelectric generator (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the transition pieces (12) are bell-shaped.
    [7]
    7. Hydropower generator (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that a portion (12 b) of the transition pieces (12) is cylindrical or conical.
    [8]
    8. hydropower generator (1) according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the transition pieces (12) in each case between two steel rings (5, 5b) are attached.
    [9]
    9. hydropower generator (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that from the steel rings (5, 5a, 5b) formed rotor body (4) in the radial direction (y) extending cooling channels (17).
    [10]
    10. Hydropower generator (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that from the steel rings (5, 5a, 5b) formed rotor body (4) with built-rotor winding (7) on the Nutgründen in the axial direction (z) extending cooling channels (16) wherein the radially extending cooling channels (17) open into the axially extending cooling channels (16).
    [11]
    11. Hydropower generator (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that extending the axially extending cooling channels (16) substantially over the entire groove length.
    [12]
    12. Hydropower generator (1) according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the rotor body (4) preferably at the front side at least one opening (14) for the supply of cooling air into the rotor interior (22).
    [13]
    13. A method for operating a hydropower generator (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the hydro-electric generator (1) is operated below its first critical speed critical.
    [14]
    14. A method for manufacturing a hydropower generator (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the grooves (6) in the individual steel rings (5, 5a, 5b) are incorporated before the steel rings (5, 5a, 5b ) are joined together to the rotor body (4).
    [15]
    15. A method for assembling a hydropower generator (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the assembly of the individual steel rings (5, 5a, 5b) takes place at the location of the final operating site of the hydropower generator (1).
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3089049A|1959-05-12|1963-05-07|Gen Electric Canada|Salient pole rotor construction|
    FR1307426A|1961-11-27|1962-10-26|Hydroelectric group|
    JPH067734B2|1986-03-27|1994-01-26|株式会社日立製作所|Rotating machine rotor|
    JP2776905B2|1989-08-16|1998-07-16|株式会社日立製作所|Variable speed generator|
    DE19513457A1|1995-04-08|1996-10-10|Abb Management Ag|Rotor of an electrical machine|
    US7546674B2|2005-10-31|2009-06-16|Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc.|Method of rotor assembly without the hub|EP3726081A1|2019-04-16|2020-10-21|GE Energy Power Conversion Technology Ltd.|Mechanical system and associated motorcompressor|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50421/2016A|AT518592B1|2016-05-09|2016-05-09|HYDROPOWER GENERATOR AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION AND OPERATION THEREOF|ATA50421/2016A| AT518592B1|2016-05-09|2016-05-09|HYDROPOWER GENERATOR AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION AND OPERATION THEREOF|
    EP17723048.9A| EP3455930B1|2016-05-09|2017-05-04|Water power generator and method of manufacturing and operating|
    PE2018002173A| PE20190299A1|2016-05-09|2017-05-04|HYDRAULIC GENERATOR AND METHOD FOR ITS MANUFACTURING AND OPERATION|
    JP2018558705A| JP6860592B2|2016-05-09|2017-05-04|Hydroelectric generator, its manufacturing method and its operating method|
    PCT/EP2017/060616| WO2017194379A1|2016-05-09|2017-05-04|Hydraulic power generator and methods for the production and operation thereof|
    AU2017264461A| AU2017264461B2|2016-05-09|2017-05-04|Hydraulic power generator and methods for the production and operation thereof|
    CN201780027976.XA| CN109155576A|2016-05-09|2017-05-04|Hydroelectric generator and method for manufacturing and running hydroelectric generator|
    CL2018003186A| CL2018003186A1|2016-05-09|2018-11-09|Hydroelectric generator and method for its manufacture and operation.|
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