专利摘要:
To test a transformer (2) a cable (20) is used, which connects the transformer (2) with a test device (10). The cable (2) comprises at least two twin lines (23-25). Via a first conductor of a twin line (23-25) in each case a current can be fed into a winding of the transformer. The second line of the twin line (23-25) is used to measure the voltage on the winding.
公开号:AT518511A1
申请号:T50304/2016
申请日:2016-04-11
公开日:2017-10-15
发明作者:
申请人:Omicron Electronics Gmbh;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

Cable for testing a device under test, test device and method for testing a device under test
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the invention relate to a cable for testing of devices under test of energy systems, a test device and a method for testing the device under test. Embodiments of the invention relate in particular to such cables, Transformatorprüfvorrichtungen and methods by which characteristics of a multi-phase transformer, such as a three-phase transformer, can be determined.
BACKGROUND
Transformers are used as components of power supply networks. Transformers can be used for voltage or current conversion.
The determination of characteristics transformer by a transformer test, in which one or more characteristic characteristics of the transformer are determined by measurement, for example, to ensure reliability, for control or for other reasons required. Examples of such measurements include determining a static or dynamic resistance, a gear ratio, a leakage inductance, a leakage reactance, or a power factor.
In the transformer test, various measurements can be carried out in which test signals are fed or impressed into one or more windings of the transformer and test responses are recorded. The production of electrically conductive connections by connecting lines to the transformer and the Transformatorprüfvorrichtung often requires significant time. In conventional techniques, in which lines are each performed individually, the cost can increase further. The lines can be confused with each other, which makes it difficult to dismantle the tester. There is a risk that the test person confuses lines. This is especially true for the
Testing multiphase transformers where a greater number of electrical leads must be coupled to the transformer and the transformer tester and / or measurements must be performed sequentially to fully characterize the transformer and assess the condition of the transformer.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
There is a need for devices and methods that reduce the amount of work involved in testing power equipment and equipment under test. There is a need for devices and methods that facilitate the manufacture of multiple electrically conductive connections between a tester and a device under test.
There is provided a cable, a tester and a method as defined in the independent claims. The dependent claims define embodiments.
According to an exemplary embodiment, a cable for connecting a test device to a test object is specified. In particular, the test object may be a transformer. The cable comprises a twin line and may in particular comprise at least two twin lines. Each twin line has a first line for conducting a current between the tester and the device under test and a second line for carrying out a voltage measurement during the test.
By using twin lines, the lines for current and voltage, via which test signals can be fed or impressed and / or detected via the test responses, are mechanically coupled to one another. The effort for the production of electrically conductive connections for a current feed into a winding and the voltage measurement is reduced. By combining multiple twin lines in a cable, the cost of connecting the transformer testing device is further reduced. The risk that lines that are assigned, for example, different phases of a multi-phase transformer, are swapped, is reduced.
The first line may have a first line cross-section, and the second line may have a second line cross section different from the first line cross-section. The first line used for current injection or current measurement may have a larger cross-section than the second line.
The twin line or each of the twin lines may each comprise a twin line jacket having a first cavity in which the first line extends and a second cavity in which the second line extends.
The first cavity and the second cavity may extend parallel to each other in a cable sheath.
The first line and the second line can be welded in parallel. A first portion of the twin-conduit jacket surrounding the first conduit can be attached in each case by welding to a second portion of the twin-conduit jacket surrounding the second conduit.
The first line and the second line may be twisted lines.
The first line and the second line may be coaxial lines.
The cable may include a cable sheath surrounding the at least two twin lines over at least a portion of their length. The twin line jacket is provided separately from the cable jacket extending inside the cable jacket.
The cable may include a support member disposed in the cable sheath and extending at a distance from the cable sheath along a longitudinal direction of the cable sheath. The support element can be flexible. The support prevents the cable from deforming greatly under mechanical stress. Such a load can be caused, for example, by a person walking on the cable. The individual twin lines and the cable as a whole can be designed so that they do not deform or only slightly deform under load when a person steps on it.
The at least two twin lines can rest on the support element.
Each twin line and the cable as a whole can have high flexibility.
Each twin line and the cable as a whole can have high tensile strength and high tear strength.
Each twin line and the cable as a whole can have a high notch strength.
Each twin line and the cable as a whole can have a high durability.
The cable can be designed to be a cable for outdoor applications.
The cable may include a coding to distinguish different twin lines. The coding can each allow a distinction of the first line and the second line for each twin line. The coding can be a color coding. The coding may include symbols or other marking elements.
The coding may be provided on end portions of the at least two twin lines emerging from the cable sheath and / or on connectors for connecting the twin lines to windings of the transformer.
The cable may include a connector for connecting the cable to the transformer testing device. The connector for connecting the cable to the transformer testing device may be arranged so that all lines carried in the cable may be individually addressable by the transformer testing device, for example to independently feed or detect currents in different windings of the transformer or to apply voltages to different windings of the transformer Create or capture transformer.
The cable may include more than two twin lines.
The cable may include four twin lines or more than four twin lines.
A test apparatus according to an embodiment comprises a measuring device for detecting a test response in a test specimen and a connection for mechanical coupling and electrically conductive connection with a cable comprising at least two twin lines.
Multiple lines between the tester and the test object can be easily connected to the tester by coupling a connector of the cable to the tester's connector. In particular, it is not necessary to individually connect the first and second lines of the twin lines to the test device.
The terminal may have mutually electrically isolated contact surfaces for each to make an electrically conductive connection to a first line and a second line of each twin line via the connector of the cable.
The test apparatus may include a switch assembly including a plurality of controllable switches and being controllable to selectively connect the meter and / or a signal source to different twin lines of the cable. The switch assembly may be configured to selectively connect a plurality of signal sources in parallel or series connection so as to provide an increased current or voltage to one or more of the twin lines as a test signal.
The tester may be a transformer tester. The test apparatus may include an evaluation circuit coupled to the measuring device for determining a static resistance of a winding of the transformer, a transformer transformation ratio, a leakage inductance of the transformer, a leakage reactance of the transformer, and / or a power factor of the transformer.
A system according to one embodiment includes the test apparatus of one embodiment and a cable of one embodiment, wherein the cable is connected or connectable to the test apparatus.
The system may include a transformer. The at least two twin lines may be conductively connected to windings of at least two different phases of the transformer.
The test apparatus may be configured to provide test signals to the windings of at least two, in particular at least three different phases of the transformer via the twin lines of the cable and / or to test responses of at least two, in particular at least three, different phases of the cable via the twin lines of the cable To detect transformers.
A method of testing a device under test comprises connecting a test device to the device under test with a cable comprising at least two twin lines.
The at least two twin lines of the cable can be conductively connected to windings of at least two, in particular of at least three different phases of the transformer.
The tester may detect a test response over the at least two twin lines of the cable in a transformer test. The test apparatus may determine, based on the test response, a static resistance of a winding of the transformer, a transformation ratio of the transformer, a leakage inductance of the transformer, a leakage reactance of the transformer, and / or a power factor of the transformer.
In the devices, systems and methods, the device under test may be a transformer, the cable may be a transformer testing cable and the testing device may be a transformer testing device.
In the devices, systems and methods, the test apparatus may be a mobile tester, particularly a portable transformer tester.
The cable and transformer testing apparatus may be used to test a polyphase transformer, such as a three phase transformer.
Devices, methods, and systems of embodiments enable efficient testing of a device under test to make multiple connections between a test device and the device under test. The risk of a mix-up of lines is reduced.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings based on preferred embodiments. In the drawings, identical reference numerals denote identical elements.
FIG. 1 shows a system with a cable and a transformer testing device according to an embodiment.
Figure 2 shows a cable for testing a device under test, in particular for transformer testing, according to one embodiment.
Figure 3 shows a cross section of the cable according to an embodiment.
Figure 4 shows a cross section of the cable according to an embodiment.
FIG. 5 shows a test device according to an exemplary embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings. In the figures, like reference characters designate the same or similar elements. The figures are schematic representations of various embodiments of the invention. Elements shown in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Rather, the various elements shown in the figures are reproduced in such a way that their function and purpose will be understood by those skilled in the art.
In the following, cables, test devices and methods for testing a device under test will be described in detail. While the embodiments are described in the context of testing of transformers, the embodiments may also be used for other test equipment energy systems.
The transformer tested using the cable and tester can be a transformer for high, medium or low voltage networks. The transformer may be a transformer installed in a power plant or substation. The tester may be a mobile device or may be constructed of a plurality of mobile devices to allow measurements to be made on the installed transformer.
As will be described in more detail below, embodiments employ a cable having one or more twin lines to connect the testing device to the transformer. In this case, in the transformer test, in each case a first line of the twin line can conduct a current, which can be, for example, a test signal to be impressed or a test response to be evaluated. In the transformer test, in each case a second line of the twin line can be connected to a voltage source for applying a voltage as a test signal or to a voltage measuring device. The first line thus serves to carry a current in the transformer test, the second line, for example, for detecting a voltage.
The tester has a terminal adapted for coupling to such a cable.
The tester and the cable can be used to automatically determine different characteristics of the transformer. For example, gear ratios of the transformer can be determined automatically. Other parameters such as static or dynamic resistances or a leakage reactance and / or a leakage inductance of the transformer or a power factor of the transformer can also be determined. For this purpose, the test device can in each case feed a current as a test signal into a winding of the transformer via the first line of a twin line and detect the voltage as a test response via the second line of the twin line and the second line of another twin line of the cable.
FIG. 1 shows a system 1 according to an exemplary embodiment. A test apparatus 10 for determining a characteristic of a transformer 2 is connected via a cable 20 to one or more windings of the transformer 2.
The cable 20 has a first portion 21 in which a plurality of twin lines 23-25 are guided within a cable sheath of the cable. At one end of the cable sheath, the twin lines 23-25 emerge from the end of the cable sheath. Each of the twin lines 23-25 may be divided in a section at its end into its two individual lines, the first line and the second line of the corresponding twin line. The twin lines 23-25 can be connected to the DUT via connectors in the transformer test, for example, via feedthrough insulators 3-5.
The twin lines 23-25 each have a first line and a second line. The first line can be designed so that a current can be fed as a test signal in a winding of the transformer via it in the transformer test. The second line can be configured such that the test device 10 detects the voltage across the winding as a test response via the second line and, for example, the second line of a further twin line.
The first line and the second line may each have cross-sectional areas which ensure sufficiently low resistances for the injection of the current and the voltage detection in the transformer test. The first line and the second line may each have a cross-sectional area of at least 1 mm 2. The first line and the second line may also have different cross-sectional areas. The cross-sectional area of the first conduit of each twin conduit may be greater than the cross-sectional area of the second conduit of the same twin conduit.
The test apparatus 10 has a terminal for coupling to a connector of the cable 20. The test apparatus 20 is configured to feed power to the first line of a twin line 23-25 in the transformer test. A voltmeter or other voltage measuring device of the test apparatus 10 may be connected to the second line of this twin line to detect a test response.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a cable 20 according to one embodiment. In the section 21, a plurality of twin lines 23-25 run inside the cable sheath 27. Each of the twin lines 23-25 may have a twin-line sheath surrounding the first and second lines of the twin line 23-25.
The twin-line jacket of one or more twin lines 23-25 can rest on an inner side of the jacket 27.
A connector 22 of the cable 20 is arranged for coupling to a terminal of the test apparatus 10. At an end of the jacket opposite the connector 22, the twin lines 23-25 emerge from the jacket. The twin lines 23-25 can initially be continued so that the first and second line are continued together. In one end region, the first line 31 and the second line 32 of the twin line 23-25 may be separated from each other. At the ends of the first and second leads 31, 32, connectors 33, 34 are provided for connection to the device under test.
In order to prevent the jacket 27 from deforming greatly under load, for example due to the weight of a person standing on the jacket 27, at least one supporting element may extend in the jacket 27 in addition to the twin lines, as will be described in more detail with reference to FIG ,
The cable 20 and the individual twin lines 23-25 may be designed to have high flexibility, high tensile strength, high tear strength, high notch strength, and high durability.
The ends of the first and second lines of all twin lines 23-25 may be coded differently. For coding a color coding or another marking can be used. The coding may be such that each of the first and second lines of a twin line 23-25 can be distinguished. The coding can be such that it can be determined by means of the coding to which of several twin lines 23-25 the corresponding end belongs to the connector 33, 34, and that it can additionally be determined from the coding whether the connector 31, 32 is a first Line for feeding the current or a second line for the voltage measurement heard.
The cable 20 may be configured such that the twin lines extend over a first length 41 within the cable sheath 27. The cable 20 may be configured so that the first and second lines 31, 32 of the twin lines 23-25 are continued together from the end of the cable jacket 27 over a second length 42. The cable 20 may be configured so that the first and second line 31, 32 of the twin lines 23-25 starting from the end of Kabelman means 27 via a third length 43 are separated from each other. In this case, the cable 20 may be configured so that the second length 42 is greater than the third length 43. The cable 20 may be configured such that the first length 41 is greater than the second length 42.
FIG. 3 shows a cross section of a cable 20 according to an exemplary embodiment. The cross section is shown for a location of the cable 20, where the cable sheath 27 surrounds the twin line. The cable 20 comprises two twin lines 23, 24. The cable 20 can also have more than two twin lines, for example three twin lines.
A first twin line 23 has a first conductor 51 and a second conductor 52. The first conductor 51 and the second conductor 52 may have different diameters and different cross-sectional areas. In other embodiments, the cross-sectional areas of the first conductor 51 and the second conductor 52 may be the same.
The first twin line 23 has a twin line jacket 53 surrounding the first conductor 51 and the second conductor 52. The twin-conductive clad 53 may be formed so that a clad of the first conductor 51 and a clad of the second conductor 52 are welded to form a parallel-welded twin line 23.
The twin-conductor jacket 53 forms a first elongate cavity in which the first conductor 51 extends and a second elongated cavity in which the second conductor 52 extends. The first cavity and the second cavity may extend parallel to each other at least within the cable sheath 27.
A second twin line 24 has a first conductor 54, a second conductor 55 and a twin line jacket 56, which apart from a possibly provided coding for distinguishing twin lines may be configured identically to the first twin line 23. Different twin lines 23, 24 may also have mutually different configurations.
When using the cable can be impressed on the first conductor 51, 54, a current in a winding of the transformer. Via the second conductors 52, 55, a voltage on the winding can be detected as a test response.
Figure 4 shows a cross section of a cable 20 according to an embodiment. The cross section is shown for a location of the cable 20, at which the cable sheath 27 surrounds the twin lines. The cable 20 includes four twin lines 23-26. The cable 20 may also have more than four twin lines. The twin lines 23-26 may be constructed as described with reference to FIG.
The cable 20 includes a support member 28. The support member 28 may extend over part or all of the length of the shell 27 within the cavity defined by the shell 27. The twin lines 23-26 can rest on the support element 28. The twin lines 23-26 may be in contact with or slightly spaced from the support member 28 and the inside of the shell 27 in a state of the cable 20 in which the cable 20 is not externally loaded with pressure. In this way, the stability of the cable 20 can be increased. While in Figure 3 and Figure 4 parallel welded twin lines or other twin lines are shown with parallel guided first and second lines 51, 52, other twin lines can be used. For example, twisted or coaxial cables can be used.
The cable 20, but also each of the twin lines 23-26 can each have a high flexibility in each of the described embodiments.
The cable 20 according to embodiments may offer advantages in terms of weight and production cost besides advantages in performing the test of the transformer. Thus, for example, the Konfektionsaufwand be reduced and / or material saved.
By stripping over a total length corresponding to the sum of the second length 42 and third length 43 shown in Figure 2, a sufficiently flexible applicability for the testing of different transformers can be achieved while reducing the risk that different lines confused with each other. The total length over which the twin lines are jacketed, i. the sum of the second length 42 and third length 43 shown in FIG. 2 may be 3 m or more than 3 m. The total length over which the
Twin cables are stripped, i. the sum of the second length 42 and the third length 43 shown in FIG. 2 may be 4.5 m or more than 4.5 m.
Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a test apparatus 10 configured to be connected to a transformer for a transformer test via a cable including one or more twin lines. The transformer may in particular be a multi-winding transformer.
The test apparatus 10 may be a tester having a housing 11. The tester can be mobile, in particular portable. The test device can also consist of several separate devices.
The test apparatus 10 has a terminal 18 for coupling to a cable 20 comprising at least two twin lines. The terminal 18 may have contact surfaces arranged to individually electrically contact the first and second lines of the different twin lines 23-26, respectively. The terminal 18 may be configured for mechanical coupling with the connector 22 of the cable.
The test apparatus 10 may include a switch assembly 14. The switch assembly 14 includes a plurality of controllable switches, which may be relays or power transistors. Direct or alternating currents generated by a source 15 may optionally be supplied to the first conductors of different twin lines via the switch assembly 14. For example, a control and evaluation circuit 12, the switch assembly 14 to drive so that the source 15 feeds a current through the first conductor of the first twin line 23 and the first conductor of the second twin line 24 in the winding of a phase of the transformer and the voltage measuring device 16 via the second conductor of the first twin line 23 and the second conductor of the second twin line 24 detects a voltage across the winding. The control and evaluation circuit 12 can control the switch assembly 14 so that the source 15 feeds a current via the first conductor of the third twin line 25 and the first conductor of the fourth twin line 26 into the winding of another phase of the transformer and the voltage measuring device 16 via the second Head of the third twin line 25 and the second conductor of the fourth twin line 26 detects a voltage across the winding.
The switch assembly 14 may also be configured to switch multiple sources of the test apparatus 10 in parallel to provide the resulting current as a test signal. The resulting current may optionally be provided to the windings of different phases of the transformer, the control and evaluation circuit 12 driving the switch assembly 14 to feed the power provided by multiple sources through the first conductor of a twin line into a winding of the transformer.
The control and evaluation circuit 12 can evaluate the test response, for example the detected voltage of the winding of the transformer. From the amplitude and optionally also the phase position of the detected voltage in response to the current impressed as test signal, the control and evaluation circuit 12, a static resistance of a winding or multiple windings of the transformer, a dynamic resistance of a winding or multiple windings of the transformer, a transmission ratio of the transformer, a leakage inductance of the transformer, a leakage reactance of the transformer and / or determine a power factor of the transformer. The control and evaluation circuit 12 may comprise at least one integrated circuit which can perform the corresponding processing steps. While embodiments have been described in detail with reference to the figures, alternative or additional features may be used in other embodiments. For example, while certain measurements such as the determination of gear ratios, resistances, stray reactances, and / or leakage inductances of polyphase transformers have been described by way of example, the cable and test apparatus of embodiments may also be used to test other samples or to determine other characteristics. While the cable and tester may be used to test a transformer that may be installed in a power plant or substation of a utility grid, the apparatus and method of embodiments may be used with smaller transformers as well.
Cables, testers, methods and systems of embodiments allow a test specimen to be tested while reducing the amount of cabling required for the test.
权利要求:
Claims (26)
[1]
A cable for connecting a testing device (10) to a device under test (2), in particular to a transformer, comprising: at least two twin lines (23-26) each having a first line (51, 54) for conducting a current between the testing device (10) and the test specimen in a test of the specimen (2) and a second line (52, 55) for performing a voltage measurement in the test of the specimen (2).
[2]
2. Cable according to claim 1, wherein the first line (51, 54) has a first line cross-section and the second line (52, 55) has a different from the first line cross-section second line cross-section.
[3]
3. A cable according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein at least one twin line has a twin line jacket (53, 56) having a first cavity in which the first line (51, 54) is arranged, and a second cavity in which the second Line (52, 55) is arranged, has.
[4]
4. Cable according to claim 3, wherein the first cavity and the second cavity parallel to each other.
[5]
A cable according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first conduit (51, 54) and the second conduit (52, 55) form a parallel welded twin conduit (23-26).
[6]
6. Cable according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first line (51, 54) and the second line (52, 55) are twisted together lines.
[7]
A cable according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the first conduit (51, 54) and the second conduit (52, 55) are coaxial conduits.
[8]
A cable according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a cable sheath (27) surrounding at least two twin lines (23-26) over at least a portion of their length (41).
[9]
9. A cable according to claim 8, comprising a support element (28) which is arranged in the cable sheath (27) and extends at a distance from the cable sheath (27) along a longitudinal direction of the cable sheath (27).
[10]
10. Cable according to claim 9, wherein the at least two twin lines (23-26) on the support element (28) abut.
[11]
12. Cable according to one of claims 8 to 10, comprising a coding for distinguishing different twin lines (23-26).
[12]
13. Cable according to claim 12, wherein the coding on from the cable sheath (27) emerging end portions of the at least two twin lines (23-26) and / or on connectors (33, 34) for connecting the twin lines (23-26) with windings of a Transformer (2) is provided.
[13]
A cable according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a connector (22) for connecting the cable to the testing device (10).
[14]
A cable according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cable (20) comprises more than two twin lines (23-26).
[15]
16. Cable according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cable (20) comprises four twin lines (23-26).
[16]
A cable according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cable (20) is a transformer testing cable, and wherein the at least two twin lines (23-26) are adapted for connection to windings of a polyphase transformer.
[17]
18. A test apparatus comprising a measuring device (16) for detecting a test response in a test of a test piece (2), and a connection (18) for mechanical coupling and electrically conductive connection to a cable (20), the at least two twin lines (23- 26).
[18]
19. The test apparatus of claim 18, wherein the terminal has mutually electrically isolated contact surfaces to each make an electrically conductive connection to a first line (51, 54) and a second line (52, 55) of each twin line (23-26).
[19]
20. A test apparatus according to claim 18 or claim 19, comprising a switch assembly (40) comprising a plurality of controllable switches and being controllable to selectively connect the measuring means (16) and / or a test signal source (15) to different twin lines (23-26) ) of the cable (20) to conductively connect.
20. A test apparatus according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the test apparatus (10) is a transformer tester (10).
[20]
21. A test apparatus according to claim 20, comprising an evaluation circuit (12), which is coupled to the measuring device (16) to a static resistance of at least one winding of the transformer (2), a dynamic resistance of at least one winding of the transformer (2), a Ratio of the transformer (2), a leakage inductance of the transformer (2), a leakage reactance of the transformer (2) and / or to determine a power factor of the transformer (2).
[21]
A system comprising the testing device (10) of any one of claims 18 to 21 and a cable (20) of any one of claims 1 to 17 connected or connectable to the testing device (10).
[22]
A system according to claim 22, comprising a transformer (2), said at least two twin lines (23-26) being conductively connected to windings of at least two different phases of said transformer (2).
[23]
24. A method for testing a device under test (2), in particular a transformer (2), comprising: connecting a test device (10) to the test object (2) with a cable (20) according to one of claims 1 to 17.
[24]
25. The method of claim 24, wherein the at least two twin lines (23-26) of the cable (20) are conductively connected to windings of at least two different phases of a transformer (2).
[25]
26. The method of claim 24 or claim 25, wherein the device under test (2) is a transformer (2), and wherein the test device (10) in the transformer test a test response via the at least two twin lines (23-26) of the cable (20). detected and based on the test response, a static resistance of at least one winding of the transformer (20), a transmission ratio of the transformer (20), a leakage inductance of the transformer (20), a leakage reactance of the transformer (20) and / or a power factor of the transformer (20 ).
[26]
27. Method according to one of claims 24 to 26, wherein the first line (51, 54) of a twin line (23-26) is connected to a current source (15) of the test device (10) and wherein the second line (52, 55) the twin line (23-26) is connected to a voltage measuring device (16) of the test device (10).
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日
AT518511B1|2018-10-15|
WO2017178327A1|2017-10-19|
引用文献:
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法律状态:
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
ATA50304/2016A|AT518511B1|2016-04-11|2016-04-11|Cable for testing a device under test, test device and method for testing a device under test|ATA50304/2016A| AT518511B1|2016-04-11|2016-04-11|Cable for testing a device under test, test device and method for testing a device under test|
PCT/EP2017/058233| WO2017178327A1|2016-04-11|2017-04-06|Cable for testing a device under test, testing device, and method for testing a device under test|
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