• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an internal temperature-controllable screw (1) with a base body (2) rotatably arranged about a longitudinal axis (3), on which at least one helix-shaped screw web (4) is arranged. Within the screw land (4), at least one through-flow channel (5) is arranged for passing a tempering medium, which is likewise formed helically and following an outer contour of the screw land (4). The flow-through channel (5) is formed by an independent hollow profile body (8) which has the helically shaped longitudinal course, wherein the hollow profile body (8) is embedded in the material forming the screw web (4). Furthermore, the invention also relates to a system and a method for operating a system with such a screw (1).
    公开号:AT518088A4
    申请号:T50280/2016
    申请日:2016-04-06
    公开日:2017-07-15
    发明作者:Gerold Barth Ing；Hochreiter Josef；Ing Pichler Thomas
    申请人:Next Generation Elements Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to an internally temperature-controllable screw, a system equipped therewith and a method for operating such a system.
    DE 2 057 989 A1 discloses an internally cooled screw and a method for producing the same. The worm has a base body which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis and on which at least sections a helical or helically formed worm web is arranged. Within the screw land a flow channel for passing a tempering medium is incorporated, wherein after incorporation of the flow channel of the previously formed in the screw land access to this is subsequently closed by appropriate cover elements again. In this screw, a flow channel is provided both within the screw webs and in the region of the base body between the screw flights or worm teeth. The disadvantage here is the high processing costs for the production of the flow channels within the screw body.
    From DE 100 13 474 A1 discloses a tempering for thermally and mechanically highly stressed components or machine elements and a method for their preparation has become known. The screw element with the spiral-shaped screw webs is formed as a hollow body in its interior, wherein the flow channels arranged within the screw webs are formed by a molded core during production, which in turn is to be removed after the production of the screw element to form the channels. Again, a high manufacturing cost for the formation of the flow channels is required.
    DE 1 751 961 A describes a further worm heat exchanger with hollow helical flights. The hollow helical flights have a helically shaped longitudinal course and are formed from a hollow profile. The hollow helical flights consist of a hollow profile rod designed to be closed in the circumference, which is wound up directly on the rotating worm shaft and attached thereto. In this case, the wound hollow profile rod directly forms both the component serving for further transport and the channel for passing the tempering medium inside it. The worm shaft may also be formed hollow, in which case a separate supply and discharge in the cavity of the worm shaft for supply and discharge of the tempering to and from the hollow flights can be arranged.
    WO 2012/126574 A1 likewise relates to an internally temperature-controllable screw and to a method for the production thereof. The worm comprises a base body which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis and on which a helix-shaped worm web is arranged. The flow channels within the screw flights are incorporated by the outside of the screw flights in these and then the channel on the outside or edge side on the screw land again sealed by its own closure element. Again, in turn, a high processing effort for the formation of the flow channels within the screw flights is required.
    The object of the present invention was to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide an internally thermally adjustable screw, a system equipped therewith and a method which is simpler and more cost-effective to produce and by means of which a user is able to obtain a sufficient Temperature control easy to make.
    This object is achieved by the device and a method according to the claims.
    The inventively embodied innemperemperierbare snail for a thermal treatment of a material to be treated comprises a rotatable about a longitudinal axis arranged base body, on which base body at least partially at least one helical worm web is arranged, wherein arranged within the at least one screw land at least one flow passage for passing a tempering and the at least one flow-through channel is likewise helical and follows an outer contour of the at least one screw land, wherein the at least one flow-through channel is in flow communication with a supply channel and with a discharge channel, and the at least one flow-through channel is formed by at least one self-contained hollow profile body , which has at least one hollow profile body the helically shaped longitudinal course and that the at least one hollow profile body he is embedded in the material forming the screw web.
    The advantage achieved thereby is that an independent, independent structural body can be formed at least for the formation of the flow channel within the screw land, which is taken in the manufacture of the screw, in particular the screw land, in the material forming the screw land and embedded therein. Because the self-contained hollow profile body already forms the flow channel, no additional work for the production of the flow channel or flow channel is necessary within the screw land and the material forming this. As a result, even before the embedding and receiving of the hollow profile body within the material of the screw flight, its complete tightness and perfect flow can be easily controlled. By picking up and embedding the hollow profile body within the screw land so an uninterrupted trained worm web can be seen over its cross section, which has no joints. As a result, the strength can be additionally increased and improved.
    Furthermore, it may be advantageous if the at least one hollow profile body of the at least one flow-through channel is formed by a forming tube. This makes it possible to resort to inexpensive standard components, from which the flow-through channel or the flow channel can be formed.
    Another embodiment is characterized in that the cross section of the forming tube is selected from the group of triangular, rectangular polygonal, oval, elliptical, round. Thus, a good temperature, in particular a good heat transfer, starting from the hollow body profile towards the screw land can be achieved. This especially if the flat sides of the forming tube are arranged near the flanks of the screw flight.
    Furthermore, it may be advantageous if the at least one hollow profile body is arranged on a support element and held in position thereon. Thus, a structural unit can be created, in which the at least one helical hollow profile body for the subsequent casting process can already be inserted in exact position together with the support element in the mold.
    A further possible embodiment provides that the at least one hollow profile body is arranged distanced in the radial direction from the support element and is supported on the support element by means of a plurality of support elements. Thus, a complete secure embedding of the at least one hollow profile body can be achieved within the trainee screw land.
    Another possible embodiment has the features that the material of the screw land is formed by a particular metallic casting material. Thus, a solid shell of the hollow profile body can be created in the formation of the screw land. Furthermore, but also the manufacturing process of at least the screw land can be significantly simplified because the hollow profile body in its pitch and the dimension of the screw land corresponding space shape may be formed and then in the course of the manufacturing process, in particular the casting process, completely embedded therein.
    A further embodiment provides that the base body and the at least one worm web are formed in one piece from the particular metallic cast material. Thus, a compact structure or component, which forms the screw can be created.
    Another embodiment is characterized in that the at least one screw land with the hollow profile body arranged therein is molded onto the base body. Thus, an education can be created in which on a prefabricated base body of the screw land is formed by a casting process with and at the same time the hollow profile body can be embedded to form the through-flow channel within the screw land.
    A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the supply channel and / or the discharge channel is likewise formed by an independent hollow profile body and the hollow profile body forming the supply channel and / or the hollow profile body forming the discharge channel is embedded in the material forming the base body. This can also be a secure supply and discharge of the tempering towards the flow channel and the hollow profile body are created. By receiving and embedding the hollow profile body of the feed channel and / or the discharge channel so also the production of the screw can be simplified.
    Furthermore, it may be advantageous if the supply channel and / or the discharge channel has a longitudinal extension parallel to the longitudinal axis of the base body. An alternative embodiment is characterized in that the feed channel and / or the discharge channel has an orientation which is coaxial with respect to the longitudinal axis of the base body. Thus, a secure embedding of the hollow profile body to form the supply channel and / or the discharge channel can be achieved. Due to the centric orientation of the hollow profile body of the feed channel and / or the discharge channel as well as the connections can be made easier and cheaper.
    Another possible and optionally alternative embodiment has the features that the hollow channel forming the supply channel body and / or the hollow profile body forming the discharge channel is formed by a forming tube with a particular circular cross-section. Thus, in the region of the feed channel and / or the discharge channel, a simple sealing arrangement in the respective connection regions can be formed around those hollow profile bodies forming these.
    A further embodiment provides that a transition channel is arranged between the supply channel and the flow-through channel and / or between the flow-through channel and the discharge channel, which transition channel is likewise formed by an independent hollow profile body and the hollow profile body of the transition channel has a mutually different cross-section in its longitudinal course. By providing own hollow profile bodies for connection between the supply channel and the flow-through channel as well as between the flow-through channel and the discharge channel, the inner transition can thus be made simpler. Furthermore, a simple flow connection between the hollow body profiles with mutually different cross sections can be created by the cross section changing in its longitudinal direction.
    Another embodiment is characterized in that the hollow profile body of the transition channel in its the hollow profile body of the flow channel facing first end portion has a cross section corresponding to the cross section of the hollow profile body of the flow channel and that the hollow profile body of the transition channel in its the hollow profile body of the feed channel or the hollow profile body of Abfuhrkanals facing another end portion has a cross section which corresponds to the cross section of the hollow body profile of the feed channel or the cross section of the hollow profile body of the discharge channel. Thus, an easy-to-manufacture connection between the respective mutually facing end portions of the hollow profile body can be created. Furthermore, the possibility is thus created to connect hollow profile body with each other differently shaped cross-sections with each other fluidically.
    Another embodiment is characterized in that the hollow profile body forming the transition channel is embedded in the material forming the base body and the at least one screw flight. Thus, a compact and easy to manufacture unit of the screw can be created.
    A further embodiment provides that the screw is divided in at least one of their transitional areas between the central part of the screw web and at least one adjoining screw connection part ausgebil det. Thus, the storage and the supply and removal of the tempering medium can be made better and easier. Furthermore, a modular system can be created in which reacts quickly to different applications and a simple replacement of the central screw part can be done.
    A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the hollow profile bodies forming the channels are connected to one another in a material-locking manner. This not only a rigid, firm connection between the individual hollow profile bodies can be created, but also a continuous, dense flow connection can be made.
    Furthermore, it may be advantageous if the material forming the hollow profile body has a coefficient of thermal expansion which corresponds approximately to a thermal expansion coefficient of the material forming at least the screw web. This allows the creation of internal stresses between the two individual components forming the screw.
    A further embodiment provides that at least one additional tempering element is arranged inside the screw.
    The object of the invention can also be achieved by a system, in particular a pyrolytic reactor or an extruder, using at least one internally-temperature-controlled screw designed according to the invention.
    The system can be formed, in particular, by a pyrolytic reactor or an extruder, the latter having a housing extending in a longitudinal direction, comprising a receiving space, wherein at least one internally thermally adjustable screw is arranged in the receiving space, through which a temperature control medium can flow.
    Thus, a plant can be provided, in which a cost-effective screw to be produced is used. Furthermore, it can also be a trouble-free operation of the entire system can be achieved by the use of the compact design snail.
    The object of the invention can also be achieved by a method for operating a plant, in particular a pyrolytic reactor or an extruder, using at least one inventive and internally heated screw.
    In this case, the system comprises a housing extending in a longitudinal direction with a receiving space for a material to be treated, wherein the at least one screw is rotatably arranged in the receiving space in order to promote the material to be treated in a conveying direction. The at least one screw is flowed through by a tempering medium for its temperature control and at least one internally thermally adjustable screw designed according to the invention is used.
    The advantage here is that not only a simpler and cheaper production of the screw is possible, but also by the use of different tempering the possibility is created to be able to transmit a sufficient and above all high amount of heat to the screw, in particular their screw flights. Due to the high heat capacity, a sufficient temperature control of the screw, in particular its screw threads, can be achieved for the treatment process to be carried out, in particular the pyrolysis process.
    A further advantageous procedure is characterized in that the temperature control medium for its passage through the screw to a temperature value up to 700 ° C is heated. Thus, the possibility is created for the respective application to be able to provide the optimum operating temperature for the operation of the system, in particular of the reactor.
    Finally, another approach is characterized by the fact that at the end of the operation of the system, in particular the pyrolytic reactor or the extruder, the temperature within the worm temperature control medium is removed from the screw and thus those located within the screw channels are emptied. Thus, clogging of the individual flow channels within the screw can be prevented secured. After emptying and removing the tempering medium from the interior of the hollow profile body, a flushing medium, in particular a rinsing liquid or the like, also be passed to their cleaning, so as to be able to remove remaining residues from the interior of the hollow profile body. This can be deposits and a concomitant, possible clogging of the flow channels can be prevented.
    For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
    In each case, in a highly simplified, schematic representation:
    Figure 1 is a formed for the internal temperature control screw, in view.
    2 shows a partial section of the screw according to FIG. 1 in the area of a screw land, in an axial section and in an enlarged view;
    3 shows a partial section of the screw according to FIG. 1 in the region of a screw web with a further possible design and arrangement of the flow-through channels, in axial section and in an enlarged view;
    4 shows a partial section of a hollow profile body with an additionally arranged in its center support element, in view.
    Figure 5 shows another possible embodiment of a screw with a split training in the transition region, in view.
    Fig. 6 is a system formed by a pyrolytic reactor with a screw, in view and highly schematic representation.
    By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, the disclosures contained in the entire description can be mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or component names. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and these position information in a change in position mutatis mutandis to transfer to the new location.
    The term "in particular" is understood below to mean that it may be a possible more specific training or specification of an object or a method step, but not necessarily a compelling, preferred embodiment of the same or a compelling approach.
    In Figs. 1 and 2, an internally temperature-controllable screw 1 is shown, which can be used in particular as a pyrolysis screw or even as an extruder screw or the like. The screw 1 has a base body 2, which in turn defines a longitudinal axis 3. Furthermore, it is shown that at least in sections, at least one helically or helically formed screw web 4 or a spiral screw is arranged on the base body 2 thereto. It should be noted that the screw web 4 may be formed interrupted in its circumferential longitudinal course, but the individual successively arranged Schneckenstegabschnitte or Schneckenstegsegmente are each provided with an internal temperature control described below. The individual screw web sections or screw web segments can be formed like a shoehorn or paddle.
    Preferably, the base body 2 has a circular cross-section. This can further be formed of a solid material and thus form the supporting body of the screw 1. The base body 2 is rotatable about the longitudinal axis 3 together with the at least one helical worm web 4. As a result of the helical or helical screw web 4, the screw 1 can serve as a transport screw or conveying means, as will be described later.
    For controlling the temperature of the at least one screw land 4 of the screw 1, at least one throughflow channel 5 or at least one flow channel for passing a flowable tempering medium, not shown here, is arranged or provided within the latter. So that's at least one
    Throughflow channel 5 in its longitudinal course also helical and has a spatial shape, which is formed following an outer contour of the screw land 4.
    In order to allow passage of the tempering medium through the flow-through channel 5, the at least one flow-through channel 5 is in fluid communication with a supply channel 6 on the one hand and with a discharge channel 7 on the other hand.
    In this embodiment, the supply channel 6 is arranged in the right region of the base body 2 and the discharge channel 7 is arranged in the left region of the base body 2. However, this arrangement could also be chosen to be the same. In the embodiment described above, a flow direction of the tempering, starting from the feed channel 6, further determined by the flow passage 5 arranged in the screw land 4 toward the discharge channel 7.
    However, it would still be possible independently of the supply channel 6 and the discharge channel 7 to be arranged or provided at only one of the end portions of the screw 1. Thus, only a storage can be formed at the other end of the screw 1 and it is only in the region of the supply and discharge channel to provide a corresponding design of the supply device.
    On the presentation of supply and treatment facilities and conveyors for feeding and discharging the tempering was omitted for better clarity.
    As can now better be seen from FIG. 2, the at least one throughflow channel 5 is formed by an independent hollow profile body 8. The at least one hollow profile body 8 also has the helical longitudinal course in order to be able to be arranged and received completely within the likewise helically extending worm web 4. Furthermore, it can still be seen from FIG. 2 that the hollow profile body 8 is embedded in the material forming the screw flight 4 or its material. The embedding or picking up in the screw flight 4 takes place in the cross-section of the hollow profile body 8, preferably fully circumferentially.
    In the present exemplary embodiment, the at least one hollow profile body 8 forming the at least one flow-through channel 5 is formed by a forming tube. For example, the forming tube may have a rectangular cross-section. But it would also be different cross-sectional shapes possible. So could e.g. the cross section triangular, polygonal, oval, elliptical and / or be round. In cross sections with rectilinear side walls, the transition regions between circumferentially immediately adjacent side walls may also be formed rounded. Depending on the size and dimension of the base body 2 and the width and height of the screw land 4 in its cross section, the forming tube may have, for example, a 60 mm by 40 mm outer dimension with a wall thickness of 3 mm for a rectangular cross section. These dimensions can be adapted to the dimensions of the screw flight 4. Rounded or rounded, in particular oval or elliptical, cross-sectional shapes can be embedded better casting technology.
    As a material for forming the hollow profile body 8 as well as the further hollow profile body described below, a metallic material is preferably used, but it is also possible, e.g. form the hollow profile body 8 and the further hollow profile body also described below also from a plastic material or the like. Preferably, a metallic material is selected which has a higher melting temperature with respect to the metallic cast material. It is also still to take care that the thermal expansion properties of the two materials are approximately equal, so at the mutually very different temperatures between the "cold" state of rest and the operating condition with the higher operating temperature, the construction of mutual internal stresses so low as possible.
    In the production of the screw 1, the hollow profile body or bodies 8 can be filled with a preferably free-flowing material, in particular a sand, before they are poured into their cavity. On the one hand, this serves to support the hollow profile body 8 internally and, on the other hand, to cool the hollow profile body walls and thus dissipate heat.
    However, in the worm web 4, a plurality of flow-through channels 5 arranged one above the other in the radial direction, in particular abutting one another, could additionally be provided in the worm web 4. Each individual flow channel 5 can in turn be formed from the self-formed hollow profile body 8. This is shown in simplified form in FIG. 3.
    The hollow profile body 8 forming the at least one flow-through channel 5 can be produced, for example, by a forming process, in particular a rolling-in process. Thus, the production of the helically shaped hollow profile body 8 can be facilitated in the course of the rolling-in process. Thus, e.g. Wrinkles and / or excessive strains in the outer edge area can be avoided.
    When choosing the materials for or the hollow profile body 8 and the metallic casting material for the screw land 4 and optionally the base body 2, it should be taken into account that the material of the or the hollow profile body 8 melts or softens superficially during casting process, and so an adhesion or molding on the cast body can take place.
    As can be seen again better from FIG. 1, the supply channel 6 and / or also the discharge channel 7 can likewise be formed by an independent hollow profile body 9, 10. In this case, preferably, the supply channel 6 and / or the discharge channel 7 with respect to the longitudinal axis 3 of the base body 2 parallel longitudinal extent. It is also expedient if the supply channel 6 and / or the discharge channel 7 are arranged or formed in a coaxial alignment with respect to the longitudinal axis 3 of the base body 2 within this. Furthermore, the hollow profile body 9 forming the supply channel 6 can likewise be formed by a forming tube. Furthermore, it is also possible that the discharge channel 7 forming hollow profile body 10 is also formed by a forming tube. Thus, both mold tubes, which form the hollow profile body 9 and / or 10, have a particular circular cross-section.
    Furthermore, it is still possible that in an initial region of the screw land 4 between the feed channel 6 and the flow channel 5, a separate transition channel 11 is arranged or formed. But it is also possible in an end region of the screw land 4, that between the flow channel 5 and the discharge channel 7, a further transition channel 12 is arranged or formed. In this case, each of the transition channels 11,12 may also be formed by an independent hollow profile body 13 and / or 14.
    In the region of the transitional channels 11 and / or 12 may be arranged or formed in front of the beginning of the screw land 4 and / or subsequently to the end of the screw land 4 in each case an approximately cylindrical or tubular formed, unspecified be-signed transition body. Within the transition body or bodies, respectively, the hollow profile body 13 and / or 14 forming the transition channel 11, 12 is received or arranged. Preferably, the at least one transition body is also formed integrally with the base body 2 and the at least one screw land 4 made of the same material or material in a casting process.
    As described above, the hollow profile body 8 forming the at least one flow-through channel 5 in this embodiment has a rectangular cross-section - FIG. 2 - or an oval or elliptical cross-section - FIG. 3 - and the supply channel 6 and / or the discharge channel 7 forming hollow profile body 9,10 each have a circular cross-section, each of the transition channel 11 forming hollow profile body 13 and / or the transition channel 12 forming, further hollow profile body 14 in its longitudinal course with a mutually different cross-section form. Thus, a consistently trained flow channel can be formed, which is composed of the individual channel sections with the respective hollow profile bodies 8, 9,10,13,14 to form a common, independent component. Are in the screw land 4 more hollow profile body 8 is provided, a corresponding transition or collection channel between the hollow profile bodies 8 and the supply channel 6 and / or the discharge channel 7 to arrange or form.
    The provided between the supply channel 6 and the flow passage 5 transition channel 11 has in its the hollow profile body 8 of the flow channel 5 facing first end portion 15 has a cross section which corresponds to the cross section of the hollow profile body 8 of the flow channel 5. But the same applies to the hollow profile body 14 of the transitional channel 12, which is arranged between the discharge channel 7, in particular its hollow body profile 10, and the flow-through channel 5 with the hollow profile body 8.
    The hollow profile body 13 of the transition channel 11 has in its the hollow profile body 9 of the feed channel 6 facing further end portion 16 has a cross section which corresponds to the cross section of the HohlprofiIkörpers 9 of the feed channel 6. But it may also be the hollow profile body 14 of the transition channel 12 in its the hollow profile body 10 of the discharge channel 7 facing, further end portion 16 also have a cross section corresponding to the cross section of the hollow profile body 10 of the discharge channel 7. By these differently shaped cross-sections of the hollow profile body 13, 14 of the transition channels 11,12 so the transition and the fluidic connection between each other a different cross-section having hollow profile bodies 8 and 9 and 8 and 10 are created.
    Depending on the selected material of the individual channels 5, 6, 7, 11, 12 forming hollow profile body 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, these may preferably be materially connected to one another. It would thus be possible to produce the individual channel sections, which are formed by the hollow profile bodies 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, in each case from individual parts and then to join them together to form a common, independent component. But it would also be possible to form the individual channels or channel sections of a single, continuous hollow profile body and thereby perform the appropriate shaping in the course of the manufacturing process. This not only affects the longitudinal course of the hollow profile body, but also its cross section.
    The cohesive connection can be done for example by welding, soldering, gluing or a similar connection process.
    As already described above, at least the hollow profile body 8 forming the through-flow channel 5 is embedded in the material forming the screw web 4 and thus accommodated therein. This can be done, for example, that at least the material of the screw land 4 is formed by a cast material, in particular a metallic casting material. It would also be possible to choose a plastic material as the material for forming the at least one screw land 4. Preferably, however, a metallic cast material is used, in which case stainless steel and / or stainless, high-grade steels can be used as material or material. It is advantageous if the base body 2 and the at least one screw web 4 are formed in one piece from the particular metallic cast material. Thus, the possibility is created, the individual forming the channels hollow profile body to arrange within the mold, close them and then introduce the material or the material for forming the base body 2 and at least one screw land 4.
    Regardless of this, it would also be possible to produce the base body 2 as a separate shaft and to at least form the one worm web 4 in the course of the manufacturing process to the base body 2 and at the same time embed the arranged inside the worm web 4 hollow profile body 8 with.
    If the base body 2 together with the at least one screw web 4 in one piece, for example in a casting process or an injection molding, prepared, also the supply channel 6 forming hollow profile body 9 and / or the discharge channel 7 forming hollow profile body 10 in the base body 2 forming material to be embedded with.
    If the two hollow profile bodies 13 and / or 14 are also provided for forming the transitional channels 11 and / or 12, these can likewise be embedded in the material or material forming the base body 2 and the screw land 4.
    It is also advantageous if the two materials or materials which on the one hand form the hollow profile body or bodies 8, 9, 10, 13, 14 and on the other hand that which forms the at least one screw land 4 each have a thermal expansion coefficient whose values are approximately equal are selected. This can be prevented at the mostly highly selected operating temperatures of the screw 1, a mutual detachment or destruction of individual component sections.
    Furthermore, it would also be possible for at least one additional tempering element 17 to be arranged within the screw 1, in particular within the base body 2. The at least one tempering element 17 can serve, for example, also to temper the base body 2 to a previously determined temperature value. The additional temperature control element 17 could also be acted upon by the previously described, but not described, temperature control medium. However, it could also be provided a tempering element operated with electrical energy.
    In FIG. 4 it is shown in a simplified manner that the at least one hollow profile body 8 forming the flow-through channel 5 can additionally be arranged on or on a support element 18 before being embedded in the worm web 4 and can be held in position thereon. The support member 18 may be formed for reasons of weight saving as a hollow profile body, in particular as a tube. This design can be combined with all other embodiments contained in this description.
    The one or more helical hollow profile body 8 are preferably arranged in the radial direction of the support member 18 and can be supported by means of a plurality of support members 19 on the support member 18 and so held stationary on this. The support elements 19 may be e.g. be formed rod-shaped and extending between the outer surface of the support member 18 and the hollow profile body 8, in particular its inner surface, which is the support member 18 facing. Since usually a metallic material is used, this attachment or connection can be made or produced by means of welding.
    Depending on the radial outer dimension of the base body 2 to be produced and the radial height of the further projecting screw web 4, the hollow profile body 8 could also be arranged directly on the outer surface of the support element 18 and fastened thereto.
    Thus, this unit can be inserted for the subsequent casting in the mold and the casting material to form the complete screw 1 are introduced. In order to achieve additional stabilization of this unit and heat dissipation from the individual hollow sections, the interiors can be filled with the free-flowing material, in particular sand, for the casting process.
    FIG. 5 shows yet another possible embodiment of the screw 1 in one of its transition regions towards the supply channel 6 and / or the discharge channel 7, with the same reference numerals and component designations used again for the same parts as in the preceding FIGS. 1 to 4 become. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the preceding Figs. 1 to 4 or reference. This illustration shows the transition region in still distanced arrangement of the screw components.
    In this embodiment, the worm 1 can be divided or divided into at least one of its transition areas. The dividing plane preferably runs in a plane oriented in a vertical direction with respect to the longitudinal axis 3. Thus, that section of the screw 1, which has the screw web 4 or screw web parts thereof, form the central part of the screw 1. That portion or portions adjoining it in the direction of the longitudinal extension or adjoining portions may be referred to as a screw connection part 20. In the screw connection part 20, either the feed channel 6 or the discharge channel 7 is arranged, as indicated.
    It would also be possible independently to arrange or provide both the feed channel 6 and the discharge channel 7 in only one of the screw connection parts 20. Attention must be paid to a tight connection of the screw connection part 20 or the screw connection parts 20 to the central part of the screw 1. Furthermore, it is still possible that in the connection region or contact region between the screw connection part 20 and the central part of the screw 1 in at least one of these components, a collecting space 21 is arranged or formed.
    In the present embodiment, the collecting space 21 is provided in the screw connection part 20 shown on the left at its end face 22 facing the central part of the screw 1. It would also be possible to provide the collecting space 21 in the central part of the screw 1 facing the screw connection part 20 or also on both of the components. The at least one collecting space 21 serves to be in flow communication with one of the transitional channels 11 and / or 12 or else directly with the throughflow channel 5. Thus, the tempering medium passed through the flow channel 5 within the screw land 4 during operation can flow from the central part of the screw 1 into the collecting space 21 and be discharged therefrom through the discharge channel 7.
    If the screw connection part 20 with its supply channel 6 received or embedded therein is located at the opposite end of the central part of the screw 1 shown in FIG. 5, the temperature control medium or temperature control medium first flows through the supply channel 6 into the at least one collection space 21 and if appropriate, through the first transitional channel or directly into the throughflow channel 5 connected to the plenum 21.
    The screw connection part 20 is to be displaced to its connection with the central part of the screw 1 according to the arrow. The mutual connection can be made by the known from the prior art connection devices or connection methods. In most cases, a flange connection can be provided by screwing.
    FIG. 6 shows a possible and optionally independent embodiment of a system, in particular of a pyrolytic reactor 23 or of an extruder, again with the same reference numerals and the same parts.
    Component designations as used in the preceding Figs. 1 and 2. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the preceding Figs. 1 and 2 or reference. However, the above-described screw 1 could also be used in other installations in which a material to be thermally treated is, on the one hand, conveyed further by the screw 1 and, on the other hand, the material is appropriately tempered by the screw 1. Thus, a Torrefizierung the good could be carried out. This is a pyrolysis process with a lower temperature range of e.g. 250 ° C and 300 ° C.
    The here highly schematic and simplified illustrated plant, which may be formed by a pyrolytic reactor 23 or even an extruder, has a extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis 3 of the screw 1 housing 24 having a receiving space 25. The housing 24 also has a longitudinal extent in the longitudinal direction of the screw 1. In the present embodiment, the receiving space 25 serves to receive the material to be treated, in particular of the material to be pyrolyzed, wherein the at least one screw 1 is rotatably arranged in the receiving space 25. The storage of the screw 1 can or is to be treated, in particular to be pyroly-Sierende Good of the screw 1 in a registered according to an arrow 26 conveying direction with the same rotation further promoted. This is done from a supply area, further through the receiving space 25 to an output area. In addition, it is also provided that the at least one screw 1 is flowed through by a temperature control medium for its temperature control in the region of its previously described feed channel 6 as far as its discharge channel 7. As tempering medium, e.g. a molten salt or other carrier media can be used for heat.
    The molten salt may in this case be e.g. from the group of potassium nitrate, lithium chloride, potassium chloride and a mixture thereof. The corresponding preparation and supply devices of the screw 1 with the temperature control medium was omitted for better clarity hal. As a temperature control but could also be a polymer liquid, a liquid metal, a heated gas or the like. Application find.
    Depending on the treatment to be carried out of the material to be treated, in particular to be pyrolyzed, the temperature control medium for its passage through the screw 1 is heated to a temperature value of up to 700 ° C. A possible temperature range may e.g. have a temperature value from a range of values whose lower limit is 200 ° C and whose upper limit is 550 ° C.
    If the treatment process of the material to be treated, in particular the product to be pyrolyzed, is ended and the reactor 23, in particular the heated screw 1, is to be cooled, the temperature control medium inside the screw 1 is before the end of the operation of the reactor 23 and the cooling which usually accompanies it To remove screw 1. This ensures that those located within the screw 1 channels are emptied and so when cooling the tempering this is not too viscous or even solidified within the screw 1.
    The embodiments show possible embodiments, it being noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments thereof, but also various combinations of the individual embodiments are mutually possible and this variation possibility due to the teaching of technical action by representational invention in Can the expert working in this technical field.
    The scope of protection is determined by the claims. However, the description and drawings are to be considered to interpret the claims. Individual features or combinations of features from the illustrated and described different embodiments may represent for themselves inventive solutions. The task underlying the independent inventive solutions can be taken from the description. All statements of value ranges in the present description should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges thereof, e.g. is the statement 1 to 10 to be understood that all sub-areas, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10 are included, ie. all sub-areas begin with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end at an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or 5.5 to 10.
    For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that for a better understanding of the construction, elements have been shown partially unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.
    REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 screw 2 base body 3 longitudinal axis 4 screw channel 5 flow channel 6 supply channel 7 discharge channel 8 hollow profile body 9 hollow profile body 10 hollow profile body 11 transition channel 12 transition channel 13 hollow profile body 14 hollow profile body 15 first end 16 further end 17 tempering 18 support member 19 support member 20 screw connector 21 collecting space 22 end face 23 reactor 24th Housing 25 receiving space 26 conveying direction
    权利要求:
    Claims (23)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Innentemperierbare screw (1) for a thermal treatment of a material to be treated, in particular pyrolysis screw or extruder screw, with a about a longitudinal axis (3) rotatably mounted base body (2), on which base body (2) at least partially at least one helically shaped screw land ( 4) is arranged, wherein within the at least one screw land (4) at least one flow channel (5) for passing a tempering is arranged and the at least one flow passage (5) also helical and an outer contour of the at least one screw land (4) is formed following wherein the at least one flow-through channel (5) on the one hand with a supply channel (6) and on the other hand with a discharge channel (7) is in flow communication, characterized in that the at least one flow channel (5) by at least one independent hollow profile body (8) is formed, which at least one hollow profile body (8) the Having helically shaped longitudinal course and that the at least one hollow profile body (8) in the screw web (4) forming material is embedded.
    [2]
    Second screw (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one hollow profile body (8) of the at least one flow channel (5) is formed by a forming tube.
    [3]
    3. worm (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the cross section of the forming tube from the group of triangular, rectangular, polygonal, oval, elliptical, round is selected.
    [4]
    4. worm (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one hollow profile body (8) arranged on a support member (18) and is positioned thereon.
    [5]
    5. worm (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one hollow profile body (8) in the radial direction from the support member (18) is arranged distanced and by means of a plurality of support elements (19) on the support element (18) is supported.
    [6]
    6. screw (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material of the screw land (4) is formed by a particular metallic casting material.
    [7]
    7. worm (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the base body (2) and the at least one screw web (4) are integrally formed from the particular metallic cast material.
    [8]
    8. worm (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one screw web (4) with the hollow profile body (8) arranged therein on the base body (2) is integrally formed.
    [9]
    9. screw (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply channel (6) and / or the discharge channel (7) also by an independent hollow profile body (9, 10) is formed and the supply channel (6) forming hollow profile body (9) and / or of the discharge channel (7) forming hollow profile body (10) is embedded in the base body (2) forming material.
    [10]
    10. screw (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed channel (6) and / or the discharge channel (7) with respect to the longitudinal axis (3) of the base body (2) has parallel longitudinal extent.
    [11]
    11. worm (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply channel (6) and / or the discharge channel (7) with respect to the longitudinal axis (3) of the base body (2) has coaxial alignment.
    [12]
    12. screw (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply channel (6) forming hollow profile body (9) and / or the discharge channel (7) forming hollow profile body (10) through a forming tube with a particular circular cross-section is formed.
    [13]
    13. screw (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the supply channel (6) and the flow-through channel (5) and / or between the flow-through channel (5) and the discharge channel (7) has a transition channel (11, 12) is arranged, which transition channel (11, 12) also by an independent hollow profile body (13, 14) is formed and the hollow profile body (13, 14) of the transition channel (11, 12) in its longitudinal profile has a mutually different cross-section.
    [14]
    14. screw (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the hollow profile body (13,14) of the transition channel (11,12) in its the hollow profile body (8) of the flow channel (5) facing first end portion (15) has a cross section, which corresponds to the cross section of the hollow body profile (8) of the flow channel (5) and that the hollow profile body (13,14) of the transitional channel (11,12) in his the hollow profile body (9) of the feed channel (6) o-the Hollow profile body (10) of the discharge channel (7) facing further end portion (16) has a cross section corresponding to the cross section of the hollow profile body (9) of the feed channel (6) or the cross section of the hollow profile body (10) of the discharge channel (7).
    [15]
    15. screw (1) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the transition channel (11,12) forming hollow profile body (13,14) in which the base body (2) and the at least one screw land (4) forming material is embedded.
    [16]
    16, screw (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is formed divided in at least one of its transitional areas between the central part with the screw land (4) and a screw connection part (20).
    [17]
    17. worm (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the channels (5, 6, 7, 11, 12) forming hollow profile body (8, 9, 10, 13, 14) are integrally connected to one another.
    [18]
    18. screw (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow profile body (8, 9, 10, 13, 14) forming material has a thermal expansion coefficient, which is approximately a coefficient of thermal expansion of the at least the screw web (4) forming material equivalent.
    [19]
    19. worm (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that within this at least one additional tempering element (17) is arranged.
    [20]
    20. Plant for a thermal treatment of a material to be treated, in particular pyrolytic reactor (23) or extruder, with a housing extending in a longitudinal direction (24), which comprises a receiving space (25) and arranged with at least one in the receiving space (25) Innentempe-producible screw (1), which is permeable to the tempering of a temperature control, characterized in that the at least one screw (1) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 19
    [21]
    21. A method for operating a system, in particular a pyrolytic reactor (23) or an extruder, wherein the system comprises a housing extending in a longitudinal direction (24) with a receiving space (25) for a good to be treated, and at least one Worm (1) in the receiving space (25) is rotatably arranged to promote the material to be treated in a conveying direction (26), wherein the at least one screw (1) is flowed through by a tempering medium for tempering, characterized in that at least one internally temperature-controllable screw (1) according to one of claims 1 to 19 is used.
    [22]
    22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the temperature control medium for its passage through the screw (1) is heated to a temperature value up to 700 ° C.
    [23]
    23. The method according to any one of claims 21 or 22, characterized in that at the end of the operation of the system within the screw (1) located temperature control medium from the screw (1) is removed and thus empties those within the screw (1) located channels become.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3439847A1|2019-02-13|
    WO2017173473A1|2017-10-12|
    EP3439847B1|2020-01-29|
    AT518088B1|2017-07-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE1604394A1|1966-02-03|1972-08-31|Werner & Pfleiderer|Screw machine|
    DE1751961A1|1968-08-24|1971-06-16|Werner & Pfleiderer|Screw heat exchanger with hollow Schencken passages|
    JPS5180363A|1975-01-07|1976-07-13|Toho Puresu Seisakusho Kk|
    JPH09300433A|1996-05-20|1997-11-25|Kobe Steel Ltd|Screw for extruder|
    EP2688725A1|2011-03-19|2014-01-29|M.E.E. GmbH|Screw and method for producing same|
    US790466A|1904-08-29|1905-05-23|Creamery Package M F G Company|Cream-ripener.|
    SU863383A1|1979-11-06|1981-09-15|Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Резинотехнического Машиностроения|Worm-screw mixer of polymers|
    JP2010105333A|2008-10-31|2010-05-13|I K G Kk|Molding machine and screw for molding machine|FR3106520A3|2020-01-28|2021-07-30|Bretagne Hydraulique|Pressing of the expanded polystyrene using a cooled screw|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50280/2016A|AT518088B1|2016-04-06|2016-04-06|Inntemperierbare screw, plant and method using such a screw|ATA50280/2016A| AT518088B1|2016-04-06|2016-04-06|Inntemperierbare screw, plant and method using such a screw|
    EP17723234.5A| EP3439847B1|2016-04-06|2017-04-05|Internally temperature-controllable screw, installation and method using such a screw|
    PCT/AT2017/060086| WO2017173473A1|2016-04-06|2017-04-05|Internally temperature-controllable screw, installation and method using such a screw|
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