• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Dual-fuel internal combustion engine with at least one combustion chamber, wherein the at least one combustion chamber is associated with an inlet valve for a gas-air mixture and an injector (I1 to I4) for liquid fuel and a control device which is formed in a switching mode, a Changeover is performed by changing an amount of energy supplied to the at least one combustion chamber by the gas-air mixture and changing an injected amount of liquid fuel and / or a time of injection of the liquid fuel, and a sensor whose signals are characteristic of a knock occurring in at least one combustion chamber, wherein the control device is adapted to perform the switching by evaluating the signals of the sensor, wherein the control device is adapted to the evaluation of the signals of the sensor taking into account the injected into the at least one combustion chamber amount of liquid Kraftsto ff.
    公开号:AT517963A4
    申请号:T51111/2015
    申请日:2015-12-29
    公开日:2017-06-15
    发明作者:Hillebrecht Michael；Imhof Dino；Tinschmann Georg
    申请人:Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to a dual-fuel internal combustion engine having the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a method for switching a dual-fuel internal combustion engine with the features of the preamble of claim 10.
    Dual-fuel internal combustion engines are typically operated in two modes of operation. A distinction is made between a mode of operation with primarily liquid fuel supply ("liquid operation" for short, "diesel operation" in the case of using diesel as a liquid fuel) and a mode of operation with primary gaseous fuel supply in which the liquid fuel serves as a pilot fuel for initiating the combustion ("Gas operation", also referred to as "pilot operation" or "ignition jet operation"). As an example of the liquid fuel is called diesel. It could also be heavy fuel oil or another auto-ignitable fuel. As an example of the gaseous fuel is called natural gas. In question are other gaseous fuels such as biogas etc.
    In pilot operation, a small amount of liquid fuel is introduced as so-called pilot injection in a combustion chamber of a piston-cylinder unit. The conditions prevailing at the time of injection ignite the introduced liquid fuel and ignite a mixture of gaseous fuel and air present in the combustion chamber of the piston-cylinder unit. The amount of liquid fuel of a pilot injection is typically 0.5-5% of the total amount of energy supplied to the piston-cylinder unit in one operating cycle of the internal combustion engine.
    To clarify the definition, it is defined that the internal combustion engine is operated in pilot operation or in liquid operation. With regard to the control device, the pilot operation of the internal combustion engine is referred to as a pilot mode, a liquid operation of the internal combustion engine is referred to as a liquid mode with respect to the control device. There is also a mixed operation.
    The substitution rate indicates what proportion of the energy supplied to the internal combustion engine is supplied in the form of the gaseous fuel. To be sought
    Substitution rates between 98 and 99.5%. Such high substitution rates require a design of the internal combustion engine, for example, in terms of the compression ratio as it corresponds to that of a gas engine. The partially conflicting requirements for the internal combustion engine for a pilot operation and a liquid operation lead to compromises in the design, for example with regard to the compression ratio.
    US 7,313,673 describes a generic internal combustion engine and a generic method. Switching is carried out by evaluating the signals of a knock sensor as close as possible to the knock limit, so that the switchover can take place as quickly as possible.
    The object of the invention is to provide a generic dual-fuel internal combustion engine and a generic method for switching a dual-fuel internal combustion engine, in which the switching can be done even faster than in the prior art.
    This object is achieved by a dual-fuel internal combustion engine with the features of claim 1 and a method for switching a dual-fuel internal combustion engine having the features of claim 10. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.
    Knocking, which occurs when the substitution rate is relatively high (eg greater than 70%), is caused by the gas-air mixture present at this substitution rate with a high proportion of energy in the combustion chamber. This is much more disadvantageous than knocking, which occurs at a relatively low substitution rate (eg, less than 60%) due to the combustion characteristics of the gas-air mixture because the energy fraction of the gas-air mixture is low at this substitution rate.
    When switching over, the invention not only takes into account the signals of the sensor which are characteristic of a knock occurring in the at least one combustion chamber ("knock signal" for short), but additionally takes into account the quantity of liquid fuel injected into the at least one combustion chamber.
    For example, B. knocking at a relatively small injected amount of liquid fuel, the knocking takes place in a gas-air mixture with a high proportion of energy and measures must be taken, which reduce the knock (if this is above a knock threshold), resulting in slowing down the switching leads.
    On the other hand, when knocking occurs with a relatively large amount of liquid fuel injected, it is considered less dangerous. Either no or less massive measures have to be taken to reduce knock, or these measures need not be set until knocking intensifies. The slowing down of the switchover does not occur so, or not so massive or later.
    It can be provided that the control device is designed to carry out knock-reducing measures when knock occurs above a predetermined first knock threshold value if the injected amount of liquid fuel is below a predetermined liquid fuel threshold value. The liquid fuel threshold value is preferably determined as a mass value as a function of a substitution rate and a load of the internal combustion engine. In this sense, there are a variety of liquid fuel thresholds.
    It can be provided that the control device is designed to perform knock-reducing measures when knocking above a predetermined first Knockschwellwert not or only to a limited extent, if the injected amount of liquid fuel is above a predetermined liquid fuel threshold and if the knock below a predetermined second knock threshold lies.
    Knock-reducing measures are z. B .:
    Increasing an excess air ratio of the gas-air mixture,
    Lowering an inlet temperature of the gas-air mixture, if this is possible at the present humidity, without causing it to condense
    Reducing the amount of energy by reducing the amount of injected liquid fuel (this action can be done on a cylinder-by-cylinder basis)
    Changing the injection timing of the liquid fuel to late (this action can be made cylinder-specific)
    These measures can be taken individually or in any combination.
    If knock, which has to be counteracted, occurs only in isolated combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine, it is preferably provided to reduce the amount of injected liquid fuel for these combustion chambers and / or to change the injection timing of the liquid fuel to a late state.
    If knocking, which must be counteracted, not only in isolated combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine, it is preferably provided alternatively or in addition to the measures described in the preceding paragraph to increase the excess air ratio of the gas-air mixture or the inlet temperature of the gas-air mixture to lower.
    It can be provided that the control device is designed to calculate the injected amount of liquid fuel from the parameters injection start, injection duration, injection pressure.
    It may be provided that the control device is designed to carry out the evaluation of the signals of the sensor taking into account the supplied amount of liquid fuel such that a substitution rate is calculated with additional consideration of a momentary load of the internal combustion engine. Thus, the substitution rate takes into account the instantaneous load. Then it can be provided that the control device is adapted to perform knock-reducing measures when knocking occurs, if the substitution rate is greater than a predetermined substitution rate threshold. Usually, an internal combustion engine has a plurality of piston-cylinder units with combustion chambers. The invention can be carried out individually for each cylinder, that is to say for each cylinder independently of the other cylinders.
    The invention may be preferably used in a stationary internal combustion engine, for marine applications or mobile applications such as so-called "Non-Road Mobile Machinery" (NRMM) - preferably each designed as a reciprocating engine. The internal combustion engine can serve as a mechanical drive, z. B. to operate compressor systems or coupled with a generator to a gene set for generating electrical energy. The internal combustion engine preferably has a plurality of combustion chambers with corresponding intake valves and injectors. The regulation can be done individually for each combustion chamber.
    An embodiment of the invention will be discussed with reference to the figures.
    Figure 1 shows schematically the logical structure of a control device of an internal combustion engine according to the invention. An input block 1 a variety of measurement signals of the internal combustion engine are supplied, in particular via the here only summarily shown line 2 diverse operating data (speed, torque, boost pressure, inlet temperature of the air, gas mass, air mass, ...) and via lines 3a to 3c those data, about which the controller can calculate the injected amount of liquid fuel (start of injection,
    Injection duration, injection pressure - z. B. rail pressure).
    The input block 1 transmits via line 5 signals to a dual-fuel unit 4, which determines the required operating parameters of the internal combustion engine as a function of a desired substitution rate (eg 90%) and checks on the basis of the signals of the line 5 whether the actual values of these Operating parameters match the setpoints.
    The dual-fuel unit 4 transmits control signals to a combustion control unit 6, which determines the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine (start of injection, duration of injection, injection pressure - eg rail pressure, speed, torque, boost pressure, air inlet temperature, gas mass, excess air ratio, .. .). Via line 11 signals are transmitted from the input block 1 to a switching unit 9, which is preferably active only during the switching (a corresponding activation signal is transmitted from the dual-fuel unit 4 via line 10) and which via line 8 also signals a knock sensor 13 are supplied. During the switching, the switching unit 9 uses the signal of the knock sensor 13 to judge various situations:
    Has the gas-air mixture arrived at the desired cylinder with a desired excess air ratio
    Is the signal of the knock sensor 13 in accordance with a value which is to be expected due to the introduced for the desired substitution rate introduced amount of liquid fuel
    Is a first knock threshold exceeded
    This assessment can be transmitted via line 14 to the dual-fuel unit 4. Alternatively, the assessment can be transmitted via line 12 directly to the combustion control unit 6.
    If the switching unit 9 concludes on the basis of the logic described above that knock-reducing measures are to be taken, it transmits a corresponding signal via line 12 to the combustion control unit 6.
    Fig. 2 shows schematically the structure of an internal combustion engine according to the invention.
    It has here exemplary four combustion chambers B1 to B4, which liquid injectors 11 to I4 - in this case diesel - can be fed. The intake valves for the gas-air mixture are not shown.
    For the preparation of the gas-air mixture, a central gas mixer GM is provided, which is connected to an air supply L and a gas reservoir G, such as a tank. Via a gas-air mixture supply R, the gas-air mixture produced in the central gas mixer GM is supplied to the combustion chambers B1 to B4. Downstream of the gas mixer GM is still a compressor V of a turbocharger provided (mixture-loaded internal combustion engine). The gas mixer GM could also be arranged after the compressor V in the air supply (air-charged internal combustion engine). The number of combustion chambers B1 to B4 is purely exemplary.
    The invention can be used in dual-fuel internal combustion engines with 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 combustion chambers.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    claims:
    A dual-fuel internal combustion engine having at least one combustion chamber, wherein the at least one combustion chamber is associated with an inlet valve for a gas-air mixture and an injector (11 to I4) for liquid fuel and a control device which is designed in a switching mode to effect a changeover by changing an amount of energy supplied to the at least one combustion chamber by the gas-air mixture and changing an injected amount of liquid fuel and / or a time of injection of the liquid fuel, and a sensor whose signals are characteristic are for a knock occurring in at least one combustion chamber, wherein the control device is adapted to make the switching by evaluating the signals of the sensor, characterized in that the control device is adapted to the evaluation of the signals of the sensor taking into account in the at least one Combustion chamber injected men ge to make liquid fuel.
    [2]
    2. Dual-fuel internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the control device is adapted to make knock-reducing measures when knocking above a predetermined first knock threshold, if the injected amount of liquid fuel is below a predetermined liquid fuel threshold.
    [3]
    3. Dual-fuel internal combustion engine according to the preceding claim, wherein the control device is adapted to set a liquid fuel threshold in dependence on a substitution rate and a load of the internal combustion engine.
    [4]
    4. dual-fuel internal combustion engine according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the control device is designed to knock knocking above a predetermined first Knockschwellwert not or only to make limited measures, if the injected amount of liquid fuel is above a predetermined liquid fuel threshold and if the knock is below a predetermined second knock depth.
    [5]
    5. dual-fuel internal combustion engine according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein a plurality of liquid fuel thresholds, preferably in dependence of the substitution rate, is provided.
    [6]
    6. dual-fuel internal combustion engine according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the control device is adapted to carry out the evaluation of the signals of the sensor taking into account the supplied amount of liquid fuel such that calculates a substitution rate with additional consideration of a momentary load of the internal combustion engine becomes
    [7]
    7. Dual-fuel internal combustion engine according to the preceding claim, wherein the control device is adapted to perform knock-reducing measures when knocking above a predetermined first knock threshold, if the substitution rate is greater than a predetermined substitution rate threshold.
    [8]
    8. dual-fuel internal combustion engine according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the control device is adapted to calculate the injected amount of liquid fuel from the sizes injection start, injection duration, injection pressure.
    [9]
    9. dual-fuel internal combustion engine according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the control device comprises: an input block (1), the measurement signals of the internal combustion engine can be fed to a dual-fuel unit (4), which is adapted to a desired Substitution rate to determine the required operating parameters of the internal combustion engine and to check whether actual values of these operating parameters coincide with nominal values a combustion control unit (6) which is adapted to set the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine a switching unit (9)
    [10]
    10. A method of switching a dual-fuel internal combustion engine, in which switching a quantity of energy supplied to at least one combustion chamber by a gas-air mixture is changed and an injected amount of liquid fuel and / or a time of injection of the liquid fuel is changed, wherein the switching takes place in consideration of signals which are characteristic of a knock occurring in the at least one combustion chamber, characterized in that an evaluation of the signals taking into account the injected into the at least one combustion chamber amount of liquid fuel.
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    同族专利:
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    WO2017112968A1|2017-07-06|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
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    US10302026B2|2014-05-06|2019-05-28|Ford Global Technologies, Llc|Systems and methods for improving operation of a highly dilute engine|DE102018108715A1|2018-04-12|2019-10-17|Man Energy Solutions Se|Method and control device for operating a dual-fuel engine|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA51111/2015A|AT517963B1|2015-12-29|2015-12-29|Dual fuel engine|ATA51111/2015A| AT517963B1|2015-12-29|2015-12-29|Dual fuel engine|
    US16/063,418| US20190120163A1|2015-12-29|2016-12-15|Dual-fuel internal combustion engine|
    PCT/AT2016/060128| WO2017112968A1|2015-12-29|2016-12-15|Dual-fuel internal combustion engine|
    EP16828912.2A| EP3414443B1|2015-12-29|2016-12-15|Dual-fuel internal combustion engine|
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