• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A tool (1a..1e) for screwing in a threaded insert (11) into a threaded bore (10) is disclosed, which has a rod-like basic body (2) with a shank (A) and an end-side threaded section (B) , An outer diameter (d) of the threaded portion (B) is variable. In addition, a method using the tool (1a..1e) is given, in which the outer diameter (d) of the threaded portion (B) when fastening the threaded insert (11) on the tool (1a..1e) and / or during extraction because of the tool (1a..1e) from the threaded hole (10) screwed threaded insert (11) is changed.
    公开号:AT517753A1
    申请号:T50788/2015
    申请日:2015-09-15
    公开日:2017-04-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Fill Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a tool for screwing a threaded insert into a threaded bore, which comprises a rod-like base body with a shank and an end-side threaded portion. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for screwing a threaded insert into a threaded bore by means of said tool.
    Such a tool and such a method are basically known. For example, CH 451 042 A discloses a hand tool for inserting wire wrap threaded inserts into threaded holes. The wire winding threaded insert has a driving pin, which is broken off after screwing the threaded insert into the threaded bore. These thread inserts are also known under the brand name "Helicoil plus" and consist of spirally wound profile wire which is bent at one end to the center to provide the said drive pin. A disadvantage of the design of the tool is that the fastening of the threaded insert on the tool and the removal of the tool from the threaded insert takes relatively much time, since the threaded insert for screwing into the threaded bore screwed onto the tool and the tool after assembly of the Threaded insert must again be screwed out of the threaded insert in the threaded hole.
    Furthermore, US 2,390,545 A discloses a hand tool for driving teneless threaded inserts. The threaded insert is held by slight expansion or rebounding of the tool shaft. The torque is transmitted via a radial pin, which engages in a notch of the threaded insert. These threaded inserts are also known under the brand name "Helicoil tangfree". A disadvantage of the design of the hand tool is the relatively poor management of the threaded insert on the tool shank, whereby the threaded insert can tilt relatively easily when screwing into a threaded hole. When manually inserting threaded inserts, the worker can easily make a correction movement. However, automated assembly of threaded inserts is not or only possible to a very limited extent with this design. In addition, the threaded insert can easily slide down from the tool, even if the tool shank is widened. If the diameter of the tool shank is increased so much that the threaded insert no longer slides with high safety from the tool, then again there is a risk that the threaded insert itself is excessively expanded and then can not be screwed or only with great effort into the threaded hole.
    Generally, the threaded inserts of the type mentioned are used, inter alia, to provide resistant thread in aluminum components. The profile wire is usually made of steel, in particular stainless steel, and is screwed into a threaded hole in the aluminum component. The special design significantly reduces the risk of breakage of the thread flanks. For example, in the automotive industry, a high number of threaded inserts is installed.
    DE 10 2013 222 455 A1 discloses a method for the automated mounting of threaded inserts on an automated assembly site of a mounting cell. The threaded inserts are fed to a single sampling point and recorded there by a tool of an automatically controlled industrial robot. Then, the threaded insert is screwed by the industrial robot into the threaded bore of the component and a driving pin of the threaded insert optionally broken off.
    According to DE 10 2013 222 455 A1, a driver pin cut off on the bottom of a blind hole can be removed by automated turning of the component, in that the driver pin can fall out of the downwardly pointing opening of the threaded hole by gravity. In particular special the production of heavy and / or bulky / bulky components but this considerably more difficult, since they can be rotated only with considerable technical effort. In addition, a check whether the separated drive pins fall out of all tapped holes, difficult to impossible. For example, if twenty threaded holes equipped with threaded inserts, but counted when falling out only nineteen, so the determination of which threaded hole must be reworked, extremely cumbersome. This applies in particular to components that can not or only very difficult to manipulate by hand.
    According to DE 10 2013 222 455 A1, the separated driving pin can alternatively also be removed from the threaded bore by blowing out by means of a compressed air tool guided by the industrial robot, which can be designed as a compressed-air nozzle. The problem is that the compressed air nozzle must be performed to the bottom of the blind hole to produce an effective flow. However, the compressed air nozzle then obstructs the path of the separated driving pin. If the compressed air nozzle is stopped only on the outside, there is no effective flow in the blind hole and the probability that a separate driver pin remains in the threaded hole, is relatively large, with the consequences described above of a tedious and tedious troubleshooting.
    Another possibility disclosed in DE 10 2013 222 455 A1, the (still associated with the threaded insert) driving pin to seize by a suitable gripping tool and pull out by a pulling movement through the industrial robot from the threaded hole, the driving pin is torn off due to the pulling movement of the threaded insert , In particular with smaller diameters of the threaded bores a secure tearing off of the driving pin is questionable, or a correspondingly fragile gripper can not withstand high loads for long and must then be serviced or exchanged.
    An object of the invention is now to provide an improved tool and method for mounting threaded inserts in tapped holes. In particular, an automated assembly of threaded inserts process reliable and can be possible at high speed.
    The object of the invention is achieved with a tool of the type mentioned, in which an outer diameter of the threaded portion is variable and in particular under the inner diameter of a threaded insert to be processed (for which the tool is specified) is reducible or beyond enlarged. In particular, the outer diameter of the threaded portion can be increased to such an extent that the threads of the threaded portion and the threads of the threaded insert abut each other.
    The invention is also achieved by a Gelenkachsroboter / industrial robot, which has a tool of the type mentioned above.
    Furthermore, the object of the invention is achieved with a method of the type mentioned, in which the outer diameter of the threaded portion when attaching the threaded insert on the tool and / or when moving out of the tool is rotated from the threaded into the threaded bore threaded insert. In particular, the outer diameter of the threaded portion is increased in attaching the threaded insert on the tool over the inner diameter of the threaded insert and / or reduced when moving the tool out of the threaded insert below the inner diameter of the threaded insert. Specifically, the outer diameter of the threaded portion is increased to the extent that the threads of the threaded portion and the threads of the threaded insert are adjacent to each other.
    The proposed measures, the threaded insert can be quickly attached to the tool and screwed without risk of jamming. In addition, the tool can be removed quickly after inserting the threaded insert from the threaded insert. The proposed tool is therefore particularly (but not only) for the automated assembly of threaded inserts. The assembly takes place quickly and reliably.
    For example, the threaded insert can be pushed onto the threaded portion and then increased in the outer diameter of the threaded portion over the inner diameter of the threaded insert. As a result, the attachment of the threaded insert can be done quickly, but the threaded insert is still held securely. Basically, the threaded insert does not need to be rotated when pushed onto the tool. At most, a small correction rotation is necessary, so that the thread of the threaded portion is actually engaged with the thread of the threaded insert.
    For example, also the outer diameter of the threaded portion after screwing the threaded insert into the threaded bore below the inner diameter of the threaded insert can be reduced and then the tool can be pulled out of the threaded insert. This eliminates the turning out of the tool from the threaded insert, whereby the assembly process is further accelerated.
    In principle, however, the outer diameter of the threaded portion on the inner diameter of the threaded insert can be increased and then the threaded insert can be turned on the threaded portion. In addition, the tool can also be rotated out of the threaded insert.
    A method for screwing a threaded insert into a threaded bore with the aid of a tool having a rod-like base body with a shank and an end-side threaded portion thus advantageously comprises the steps of: A1) increasing the outer diameter of the threaded portion via the inner diameter of the threaded insert and then unscrewing the threaded insert on the threaded portion or A2) pushing the threaded insert onto the threaded portion and then increasing the outer diameter of the threaded portion over the inner diameter of the threaded insert and B) threading the threaded insert into the threaded bore and C1) unscrewing the tool from the threaded insert or C2) reducing the outer diameter of the threaded portion under the
    Inner diameter of the threaded insert and extraction of the tool from the threaded insert.
    The invention particularly (but not exclusively) relates to wire wound thread inserts (helicoils). It is also conceivable, for example, the processing of tubular threaded inserts with internal and external threads.
    Advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and from the description in conjunction with the figures.
    It is advantageous if the main body is slotted several times in the longitudinal direction of the main body in the region of the threaded portion and a) the main body has an inner cone oriented in its longitudinal direction and the tool has a pin which can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the main body and has an outer cone which engages with the inner cone of the Interacting body or b) the base body has an oriented in the longitudinal direction of the outer cone and the tool has a movable in the longitudinal direction of the body sleeve having an inner cone, which cooperates with the outer cone of the body.
    In this way, the outer diameter of the threaded portion in case a) can be increased when the two cones are pressed together. If the two cones are lifted apart from each other, the segments of the threaded section in case a), on the other hand, spring inwards, whereby the outside diameter of the threaded section is reduced. In case b) it is vice versa. The drive can be done for example by a pneumatic, hydraulic or electric drive.
    It is advantageous in the above context, if the base body in case a) has a bore in which the pin is guided and displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the base body or the sleeve in case b) has a bore, with the aid of which guided the sleeve on the base body and is displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the base body.
    In this embodiment, the pin / sleeve is thus moved. A rotation of the same can, but does not have to be. The axial movement of the pin or the sleeve can be done for example by a pneumatic, hydraulic or electric drive.
    However, it is also advantageous if, in the case a), the base body has a bore with an internal thread aligned in the longitudinal direction thereof and the movable pin has an external thread which cooperates with said internal thread or the sleeve in case b) one in its longitudinal direction aligned bore having an internal thread and the main body has an external thread which cooperates with said internal thread.
    In this case, a rotational movement of the pin / sleeve is converted into a relative displacement between the tool shaft and pin / sleeve. The rotation can be caused for example by a pneumatic, hydraulic or electric drive. It is advantageous if the threaded portion has between two and five threads. As a result, the threaded insert is held well on the threaded portion, and the screwing of the tool in the threaded insert or the turning of the tool from the threaded insert without excessive friction and therefore with low driving force. It is also favorable if the tool has a step which is arranged on an end face of the main body adjacent to the threaded section, and / or if the tool has a radial pin / driver protruding into the threads. As a result, threaded inserts can be processed with driving pins ("Helicoil plus") and / or without driving pins ("Helicoil tangfree"). When attaching a threaded insert with a driving pin hooks the driving pin in said stage, whereby the threaded insert is held positively when screwing into the threaded hole. When mounting unthreaded threaded inserts the torque is transmitted through the radial pin / driver, which engages in a notch of the threaded insert.
    When processing threaded inserts with a driving pin, it is also particularly advantageous if the tool is moved deeper into the threaded hole after reducing the outer diameter of the threaded portion below the inner diameter of the threaded insert and the driving pin is separated from the threaded insert. In this way, one and the same tool can be used for screwing in the threaded insert and for separating the driving pin.
    It is furthermore particularly advantageous if a magnetic field is generated at least during the separation of the driving pin and the extraction of the tool from the threaded insert at least in the region of an end face of the base body which is adjacent to the threaded portion. Accordingly, it is advantageous if the tool comprises a magnet which is suitable for generating a magnetic field at least in the area of an end face of the base body adjacent to the threaded portion. In this way, a separated driving pin can be safely removed from the threaded hole. This eliminates screwing the threaded insert in a head-over position or rotation of the component in this position after screwing the threaded insert. Instead, the screwing of the threaded insert and the removal of the separated driving pin from the threaded hole can be made in any position, which in particular the production of heavy and / or bulky / bulky components is facilitated. Even a fragile gripper or the less process-safe blowing out of the driving pin can be dispensed with. If the presented device is mounted on a Gelenkachsroboter or industrial robot, highly automated manufacturing operations can be performed. The magnet is operatively connected to the tool. For example, the magnet can be arranged directly on the shank of the tool. The magnet may also have a through hole through which the shaft of the tool is guided, whereby the shaft and thus the threaded portion relative to the magnet can be moved. It is advantageous if the magnet is designed as a permanent magnet. This results in a comparatively simple construction of the tool for mounting threaded inserts. It is also favorable if the magnet is designed as an electromagnet. This allows the magnetic field to be switched on and off. It is also particularly advantageous if a unipolar magnetic field is applied to the magnet designed as an electromagnet for holding the driving pin and an alternating field is applied to the magnet for releasing the driving pin. As a result, a magnetization of the magnet and / or degraded on a standing in ma-gent connection active component. The release of the separated drive pin succeeds in this way even better.
    It is also particularly advantageous if the magnet is designed as a combination of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet. By brief energization of the electromagnet, the field of the permanent magnet, a temporary field are superimposed, which neutralizes the field of the permanent magnet. As a result, the power consumption of the tool can be reduced, since the electromagnet in principle only briefly for temporary holding the threaded insert or to release a separate drive pin needs to be controlled.
    It is particularly advantageous if the tool or its base body consists of soft magnetic material. In this way, the magnetic field generated by the magnet can be passed well through the shaft to the receiving area for the separated driving pin.
    In addition, it is advantageous if a suction device acting in the region of a holding region for a driving pin is provided. Accordingly, it is advantageous if the separated entrainment pin is sucked out of the threaded hole after removal. As a result, the separated driving pin can be removed quickly and safely from the threaded hole. Characterized in that the suction is carried out substantially outside the threaded bore, air can flow behind the separated driving pin and entrain this in the air flow. In addition, it is favorable if the suction device has an ejector with a compressed air connection and a suction line connected to the ejector is guided into the region of the holding region for a driving pin. In this way, the suction device comes with virtually no moving parts, making them very robust and can cause no or only little damage in the suction device moving at high speed driving pin.
    It is furthermore particularly advantageous if a metal detector arranged in the region of a suction line of the suction device is provided. Accordingly, it is advantageous if the suction of the separated entrainment pin is monitored by means of a sensor which is arranged in the region of a suction line. This can be checked whether the separated drive pin was actually removed from the threaded hole. If necessary, the removal process can be repeated and / or an alarm can be triggered. Optionally, the detection of a driver pin can also trigger the (re) activation of the magnet, if this was turned off during the suction process.
    It is advantageous in the above context, when the magnetic field is switched off during the suction or an alternating field is applied to the magnet. By these measures, the suction can be improved, especially when the holding force of the magnet is relatively high. In addition to the simple switching off can also be provided that an alternating field is applied to the magnet in order to reduce magnetization of the magnet and / or on a standing in magenta operative connection component.
    In a further advantageous embodiment, a force acting on the main body of the tool pneumatic cylinder is provided. By means of the pneumatic cylinder, relatively hard impacts can be carried out with the aid of which the driving pin can be reliably separated from the threaded insert.
    In a particularly advantageous embodiment, a displacement mechanism is provided, which is adapted to move the pneumatic cylinder in the longitudinal direction of the base body. In this way, the position of the tool during the execution of a strike to the depth of the threaded hole can be adjusted. For example, the tool can be adjusted so that the maximum impact force is achieved in the range of the driving pin and / or so that the tool does not strike through to the bottom of the blind hole, but stops taking into account the thickness of the separated driving pin timely before the bottom of the blind hole. The engine for the displacement mechanism can be performed relatively low performance, since with this yes no shocks must be performed. For example, the drive may be formed by a geared motor with a threaded spindle. It is also favorable if a feed device is provided for feeding the threaded inserts. For example, the feed device may be formed by a drive for a belt on which the threaded inserts are mounted. It would be conceivable, for example, a motor-driven, carousel-like magazine in which several to be installed threaded inserts can be added. It is also favorable if a threaded insert consisting of stainless steel and / or austenitic steel is screwed into the threaded hole. Austenitic steel is generally not magnetic. The same applies to austenitic stainless steel, which is also not magnetic. In addition, there is also ferritic stainless steel, which is low magnetic. Threaded inserts are often made of stainless steel, in particular non-magnetic austenitic steel, because of their rust-inhibiting properties. This suggests that the separated driving pin can not be removed with the help of a magnet from the threaded hole. However, experiments have surprisingly revealed that the inherently non-magnetic steel becomes partially magnetic due to the deformation. In particular, this applies to the relatively sharp kink of the driving pin, where the spiral course of the wire merges into a straight piece, which is bent radially inwards. This phenomenon makes itself the
    Use invention, so not only ferrite pegs can be removed from the threaded hole, but also austenitic.
    It should be noted at this point that the embodiments disclosed for the presented device and the resulting advantages relate equally to the presented method and vice versa.
    For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
    In each case, in a highly simplified, schematic representation:
    Fig. 1 shows a first example of a tool for mounting threaded inserts with a sliding actuating pin in an oblique view;
    FIG. 2 shows the tool from FIG. 1 in section; FIG.
    Fig. 3 similar to Figure 1, only with a threaded actuating pin.
    4 shows the tool of Figure 3 in section.
    Fig. 5 similar to Figure 1, only with a magnet on the tool shank.
    6 shows the tool of Figure 5 in section.
    7 shows a somewhat more complex tool with a drive, a feed device for threaded inserts and a suction device in an isometric view from the bottom left;
    8 shows the tool from FIG. 7 in an isometric view from the top left; FIG.
    9 shows the tool of Figure 7in front view.
    Fig. 10 seen the tool of Figure 7 from the left or in part section with vertical insertion axis on a component.
    FIG. 11 shows an exemplary articulated-arm robot with the tool from FIG. 7; FIG.
    Fig. 12 shows an example of a tool for mounting threaded inserts with an actuating sleeve in an oblique view;
    FIG. 13 shows the tool from FIG. 12 in section; FIG.
    Fig. 14 shows an example of a tool for mounting threaded inserts with a radial driver in an oblique view and
    Fig. 15, the tool of Fig. 14 in section.
    By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, the disclosures contained in the entire description can be mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or component names. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and to transmit mutatis mutandis to the new situation in a change in position.
    Fig. 1 shows a tool 1a for screwing a threaded insert into a threaded bore in an oblique view, Fig. 2 in longitudinal section. The tool 1a has a rod-like base body 2 with a shank A and an end-side threaded portion B, wherein an outer diameter d of the threaded portion B is changeable or adjustable.
    Advantageously, the threaded portion B has between two and five threads. Thereby, the threaded insert is held well on the threaded portion B, and the screwing of the tool 1a, 1b in the threaded insert or the turning out of the tool 1a, 1b from the threaded insert without excessive friction and constraint by tolerance deviations of threaded bore 10, threaded insert 11 and threaded portion B. ,
    In the example illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the base body 2 is slotted several times in the longitudinal direction of the main body 2 in the region of the threaded portion B. Specifically, the base body 2 on three slots 3, which over the
    Thread portion B and a part of the shaft A rich. In addition, the base body 2 has an inner cone 4 oriented in its longitudinal direction. Finally, the tool 1a comprises a pin 5, which can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the main body 2, with an outer cone 6, which cooperates with the inner cone 4 of the basic body 2. In a starting position, in which the pin 5 is lifted from the inner cone 4, the three segments of the threaded portion B spring inwards and reduce its outer diameter d. If the pin 5 or its outer cone 6 pressed against the inner cone 4, the threaded portion B is widened, the outer diameter d so enlarged. The axial movement of the pin 5 can be done for example by a pneumatic, hydraulic or electric drive.
    In addition, the tool 1a also has a step 7 which is arranged on an end face of the base body 2 adjacent to the threaded section B. When attaching a threaded insert with a driving pin hooks the driving pin in said stage 7, whereby the threaded insert is held positively when screwing into the threaded hole.
    Figures 3 and 4 show a variant of an alternative tool 1b, which is constructed very similar to the illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 tool 1a (Fig. 3 shows again an oblique view, Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section). In contrast to the tool 1a, the base body 2 of the tool 1b has a bore oriented in its longitudinal direction with an internal thread, and the movable pin 5 has an external thread which cooperates with the said internal thread. In this embodiment, a relative rotation between the base body 2 and the pin 5 is converted into a relative displacement between the base body 2 and the pin 5, which in turn the outer diameter d of the threaded portion B can be changed. The statements made with respect to FIGS. 1 and 2 apply mutatis mutandis. The drive can in turn be done, for example, electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically.
    The function of the tools 1a, 1b shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is as follows:
    In a first step, a threaded insert is mounted on the tool 1a, 1b. In this case, the outer diameter d of the threaded portion B is increased over the inner diameter of the threaded insert and then the threaded insert is screwed onto the threaded portion B. The tool 1a, 1b acts essentially as a screw with an external thread on which the threaded insert is screwed. It would also be conceivable that the threaded insert is pushed onto the threaded portion B and then the outer diameter d of the threaded portion B is increased over the inner diameter of the threaded insert. In this case, a rotational movement in the attachment of the Gewindesisatzes on the threaded portion B can be omitted, or at best a small correction rotation is necessary to correctly fix the threaded insert on the threaded portion B.
    In a further step, the threaded insert with the aid of the tool 1a, 1b is screwed into a prepared threaded hole.
    Finally, the tool 1a, 1b is removed from the threaded insert screwed into the threaded bore. This can be done either by turning the tool 1a, 1b against the screwing-in direction. The tool 1a, 1b acts again essentially as a screw with an external thread. A change of the outer diameter d of the threaded portion B is not required. It is also conceivable that the outer diameter d is changed when moving out of the tool 1a, 1b from the threaded insert screwed into the threaded bore. Specifically, the outer diameter d of the threaded portion B is reduced to this after screwing the threaded insert into the threaded bore below the inner diameter of the threaded insert, and then the tool 1a, 1b pulled out of the threaded insert. A rotational movement of the tool 1a, 1b can be omitted.
    A method for screwing a threaded insert into a threaded bore with the aid of a tool 1a, 1b, which has a rod-like base body 2 with a shank A and a frontal thread section B, can thus comprise the following steps: A1) increasing the outer diameter d of the threaded section B over the Inner diameter of the threaded insert and subsequent unscrewing of the threaded insert on the threaded portion B or A2) Sliding the threaded insert on the threaded portion B and then increasing the outer diameter d of the threaded section B on the inner diameter of the threaded insert and B) Screwing the threaded insert into the threaded hole and C1) Unscrewing Tool 1 a, 1 b from the threaded insert or C2) reducing the outer diameter d of the threaded portion B below the inner diameter of the threaded insert and pulling out the tool 1a, 1b from the threaded insert.
    The proposed measures, the threaded insert can be quickly attached to the tool 1 a, 1 b and / or it can be the tool 1 a, 1 b are moved quickly out of the threaded insert. In addition, the threaded insert is well held by the tool 1a, 1b and can be reliably screwed into a threaded hole without jamming of the threaded insert would have to be feared when screwing into the threaded hole.
    If a method after step C2) is used, that is, the outer diameter d of the threaded portion B is reduced below the inner diameter of the threaded insert, then the tool 1a, 1b can be moved deeper into the threaded hole after screwing the threaded insert to the driving pin from the threaded insert to separate before the tool 1a, 1b is finally pulled out of the threaded insert. There are several options available for removing the drive pin from the threaded hole. For example, it can be blown out of the threaded hole with the aid of compressed air, be sucked out of the threaded hole, removed with the help of a pair of pliers from the threaded hole or pulled by a magnet from the threaded hole out. For the removal of the driving pin by means of a magnet, Fig. 5 shows a further variant of a tool 1c for screwing a threaded insert into a threaded bore in an oblique view, Fig. 6 in longitudinal section. The tool 1 c has a similar construction to the tool 1 b shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, but additionally has a magnet 8 which is suitable, at least in the area of an end face of the base body 2 adjacent to the threaded portion B (in FIG on the left end face) to generate a magnetic field.
    For example, the magnet 8 may be formed as a permanent magnet, as an electromagnet or as a combination of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet. If the magnet 8 is designed as an electromagnet, the magnetic field can be switched on and off, or unipolar and bipolar magnetic fields can be generated.
    If the magnet 8 is designed as a combination of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet, a temporary field can be superimposed on the field of the permanent magnet by momentary energization of the electromagnet, which neutralizes the field of the permanent magnet. As a result, the power consumption of the tool 1c can be reduced because the electromagnet in principle only needs to be activated briefly for dropping the severed entrainment pin.
    In the example shown, it is assumed that the magnet 8 is mounted directly on the tool 1c and thus follows a movement thereof. However, the magnet 8 can also have a (larger) through-hole, through which the shank A of the tool 1c is guided, whereby the shank A of the tool 1c and its threaded portion B can be moved relative to the magnet 8. The magnet 8 then remains in position during the movement of the tool 1c. In both cases, the magnetic field generated by the magnet 8 is guided to that end face of the tool 1c, which adjoins the threaded portion B, since the tool 1c acts as a yoke. It is particularly advantageous in this context if the base body 2 of the tool 1c consists of soft magnetic material. In this way, the magnetic field generated by the magnet 8 can be passed particularly well to said end face respectively to the receiving area for the separated driving pin.
    The arrangement and shape of the magnet 8 is purely exemplary. Of course, the magnet 8 may also have a different shape and / or sit elsewhere. For example, a (permanent) magnet can be arranged in the region of the left end face of the tool 1c.
    FIGS. 7 to 10 now show a somewhat more elaborate tool 1d or a device for screwing a threaded insert into a threaded bore. Fig. 7 shows the tool 1d in isometric view from bottom left, Fig. 8 in isometric view from top left, Fig. 9 is a front view and Fig. 10 is a partially sectioned side view from the left. 10 shows in addition to the tool 1d also an exemplary workpiece 9 with a threaded bore 10 and a threaded insert 11 inserted therein.
    From the basic construction, the tool 1d corresponds to the tool 1c shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 and accordingly comprises a base body 2 with a shank A and a threaded section B and a conical threaded pin 5 and a magnet 8. In addition to some other units, FIGS to 10, in particular a drive motor 12, a transmission 13, a feed device 14 and suction device 15 are shown.
    In FIGS. 8 to 10, only one suction line 16 of the suction device 15 and one metal detector 17 arranged on the suction line 16 are shown. The suction line 16 leads to a vacuum generator and in consequence in a disposal container (both not shown). The vacuum generator can be designed as a suction fan or, for example, as an ejector. If an ejector provided, the suction device comes out virtually without moving parts, making them very robust and the moving at a high speed driving pin in the suction 15 can do little or no damage.
    The function of the device 1d shown in FIGS. 7 to 10 is as follows:
    At the beginning a einzudrehender threaded insert 11 is fed via the feed device 14. Subsequently, the threaded insert 11 is fixed on the threaded portion B (compare the steps A1 or A2 mentioned with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4). Thereafter, the threaded insert 11 is screwed into the threaded bore 10 (see the Fig. 1 to 4 mentioned step B). Thereafter, the outer diameter d of the threaded portion B is reduced below the inner diameter of the threaded insert 11 and the main body 2 moves deeper into the threaded bore 10 to separate the driving pin 11 from the threaded insert. For example, the breaking off of the driving pin can take place with the aid of a pneumatic cylinder acting on the basic body 2.
    With a pneumatic cylinder relatively hard impacts can be performed, with the help of the driving pin can be safely separated from the threaded insert 11. For the return of the main body 2, a spring may be provided. It is also conceivable, of course, that the base body 2 is recycled in another way, for example by the pneumatic cylinder is performed double-acting.
    In a further step, the separated driving pin is lifted out of the threaded bore 10 with the base body 2 of the tool 1d. The magnetic field generated by the magnet 8 is thereby passed through the base body 2 through to the receiving area for the driving pin respectively up to that end face of the base body 2, which has the step 7. As a result, the separated driving pin remains adhered to the base body 2.
    As soon as the separated driving pin after removal from the threaded hole 10 in the air flow of the suction device 15, it is sucked into the suction line 16. As a result, the separated driving pin can be removed quickly and safely from the region of the threaded bore 10. To assist this process, the magnet 8 can be switched off briefly to reduce the adhesive force of the driving pin on the base body 2. Alternatively, it can also be provided that an alternating field is applied to the magnet 8 in order to reduce magnetization of the magnet and / or of the base body 2.
    The correct suction of the separated entrainment pin is advantageously monitored by means of the sensor / metal detector 17. If necessary, the removal process can be repeated and / or an alarm can be triggered. Optionally, the detection of the driving pin also trigger the (re) activation of the magnet 8, if it has been turned off for the suction.
    In general, it should be noted that the suction device 15 may be permanently in operation, or only when needed, that is, when the base body 2 is in its upper position. The latter is particularly useful when using an ejector, as it can be quickly activated and deactivated by opening a valve in the compressed air supply. Thereby, the power consumption of the tool 1d can be reduced. The same applies to the magnet 8, which can either be permanently activated, or only as needed during the withdrawal of the separated driving pin. The suction device 15 and the magnet 8 (and the pneumatic cylinder) can be controlled accordingly by a controller, not shown.
    Although the extraction by means of the suction device 15 is advantageous but not mandatory. It is also conceivable that the base body 2 is moved over a waste container and the driving pin is thrown off there. For this purpose, the electromagnet 8 can again be switched off, or it is switched over from a unipolar magnetic field to a bipolar magnetic field in order to reduce magnetization of the magnet 8 or of the main body 2 which is in a magnetically active connection.
    In order to be able to adapt the position of the basic body 2 to the depth of the threaded bore 10 during the execution of a stroke, a displacement mechanism can be provided which moves the pneumatic cylinder along the direction of movement of the base body 2. For example, the tool 1d can be adjusted so that the maximum impact force is achieved in the region of the driving pin and / or so that the base body 2 does not strike through to the bottom of the blind hole 10, but taking into account the thickness of the separated driving pin in time at the bottom of the blind hole 10 stops. The displacement mechanism can be driven, for example, electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically.
    In the examples, it has heretofore been assumed that the magnet 8 is located at the rear part of the main body 2. This is advantageous, but not mandatory. Rather, it is also conceivable that the magnet 8, in particular a permanent magnet, is embedded in the end face of the base body 2 adjacent to the threaded portion B. In the material selection for the main body 2, the properties for conducting a magnetic field can then be neglected.
    It is also conceivable that a separate lift is provided, with the help of the driving pin can be removed from the threaded hole 10. After knocking off the driving pin of the base body 2 is lifted in this case from the threaded hole 10 and then the lifter over the threaded hole 10 is positioned. In a further step, the driving pin is removed with the lifter from the threaded attachment 10. The same applies to the separate lifter with respect to the magnetic lifting.
    11 now shows a joint-axis robot 18 or industrial robot, which has a plurality of joint segments and, as a machining head, a device 1d of the type described. This allows highly automated manufacturing operations to be performed. In particular, a plurality of threaded inserts 11 can be rationally mounted on a component 9.
    In particular, in cooperation with a robot 18, it is advantageous if the tool 1d has a feed device 14 for feeding the threaded inserts 11. For example, the feed device 14 may be formed by a drive for a belt on which the threaded inserts 11 are mounted. It would be conceivable, for example, a motor-driven, carousel-like
    Magazine in which several to be installed threaded inserts 11 can be added.
    Figures 12 and 13 now show another alternative tool 1e, which is basically quite similar to the tool 1a shown in Figures 1 and 2. However, the base body 2 of the tool 1e has an outer cone 19 oriented in its longitudinal direction, and the tool 1e has a sleeve 20, which can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the main body 2, with an inner cone 21 which cooperates with the outer cone 19 of the base body 2. By moving the sleeve 20, similar to the example shown in Figures 1 and 2, the outer diameter d of the threaded portion B can be varied.
    In a starting position, in which the sleeve 20 is lifted from the outer cone 19, the three segments of the threaded portion B now but to the outside and increase its outer diameter d. If the sleeve 20 or its inner cone 21 is pressed against the outer cone 19, then the outer diameter d of the threaded portion B is reduced. The axial movement of the sleeve 20 can in turn be done for example by a pneumatic, hydraulic or electric drive.
    In the example shown, the sleeve 20 has a bore, by means of which the sleeve 20 is guided on the base body 2 and is displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the base body 2. However, it is also conceivable in analogy to the example shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 that the sleeve 20 has a bore aligned with its longitudinal direction and having an internal thread, and that the base body 2 has an external thread which cooperates with said internal thread. In this case, a relative rotation between the sleeve 20 and the base body 2 is converted into a relative displacement, whereby the outer diameter d of the threaded portion B can be changed in the manner described above.
    Finally, FIGS. 14 and 15 show a tool 1f, which is similar in structure to the tool 1c shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. Instead of the stage 7 but now projecting into the threads, radial pin respectively driver 22 is provided, which ensures the positive engagement with the threaded insert 11. The tool 1f is therefore designed for the processing of threaded inserts 11 without driving pins ("Helicoil tangfree"). Of course, the tool 1f could additionally have a step 7, whereby threaded inserts 11 could also be processed with driving pins ("Helicoil plus").
    The statements made with regard to FIGS. 1 to 13 also apply mutatis mutandis to the tool 1f shown in FIGS. 14 and 15. This means, in particular, that the tools 1a..1e shown there can have a pin / driver 22 instead of the step 7 or in addition thereto.
    The embodiments show a possible embodiment of a tool 1a..1f respectively a robot 18 for automated mounting of threaded inserts 11 in components 9, it being noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments thereof, but rather also various Combinations of the individual variants with each other are possible and this possibility of variation due to the doctrine of technical action by objective invention in the skill of those working in this technical field is the expert. Thus, it is also possible embodiments, which arise by combinations of individual details of the illustrated and described embodiments.
    In general, the presented tools 1a..1f or the proposed method are also suitable for threaded inserts 11 made of stainless steel and / or austenitic steel. Austenitic steel is generally not magnetic. The same applies to austenitic stainless steel, which is also not magnetic. Threaded inserts 11 are often made of stainless steel, in particular of non-magnetic, austenitic steel because of the rust-inhibiting properties.
    Although such a threaded insert 11 is not magnetic or at best very weakly magnetic and can not be handled reliably with a magnet 8, experiments have surprisingly revealed that the per se non-magnetic steel is partially magnetic by the deformation. This is particularly true of the relatively sharp kink of the driver pin, where the helical course of the wire passes into the straight piece that is bent radially inward. As a result, not only ferrite carrier pins can be removed from the threaded hole 10, but also austenitic.
    In particular, it is also stated that the illustrated tools 1a..1f and / or the robot 18 may in reality also comprise more or fewer components than shown. In some cases, the tools 1a..1f and the robot 18 or their components can also be shown without scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.
    The task underlying the independent inventive solutions can be taken from the description.
    1a..1f tool 2 basic body 3 longitudinal slot 4 inner cone basic body 5 pin 6 outer cone pin 7 stage 8 magnet 9 workpiece 10 threaded hole 11 threaded insert 12 drive 13 gear 14 feeding device 15 suction device 16 suction line 17 metal detector 18 articulated arm robot 19 outer cone main body 20 sleeve 21 inner cone sleeve 22 Driver A Shaft B Threaded section d Outer diameter Threaded section
    权利要求:
    Claims (29)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Tool (1a..1e) for screwing a threaded insert (11) into a threaded bore (10), comprising a rod-like base body (2) with a shank (A) and a frontal threaded portion (B), characterized in that an outer diameter (D) of the threaded portion (B) is variable.
    [2]
    2. Tool (1a..1e) according to claim 1, characterized in that the base body (2) in the region of the threaded portion (B) several times in the longitudinal direction of the base body (2) is slotted and a) the base body (2) in one The longitudinal direction of the inner cone (4) and the tool (1a or b) the base body (2) has an outer cone (19) oriented in the longitudinal direction thereof and the tool (1a..1e) has a sleeve (20) which can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the base body (2) and has an inner cone (21) which the outer cone (19) of the base body (2) cooperates.
    [3]
    3. Tool (1a..1e) according to claim 2, characterized in that the base body (2) in case a) has a bore in which the pin (5) out and in the longitudinal direction of the base body (2) is displaceable or the Sleeve (20) in case b) has a bore, by means of which the sleeve (20) guided on the base body (2) and in the longitudinal direction of the base body (2) is displaceable.
    [4]
    4. Tool (1a..1e) according to claim 2, characterized in that the base body (2) in the case a) has an aligned in the longitudinal direction bore with an internal thread and the movable pin (5) has an external thread, which with the cooperates internal thread or that the sleeve (20) in case b) has an aligned in the longitudinal direction bore with an internal thread and the base body (2) has an external thread which cooperates with said internal thread.
    [5]
    5. Tool (1a..1e) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the threaded portion (B) has between two and five threads.
    [6]
    6. Tool (1a..1e) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by a step (7), which on one of the threaded portion (B) adjacent end face of the base body (2) is arranged, and / or by a in the Threads projecting radial pin / driver (22).
    [7]
    7. Tool (1a..1e) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by a magnet (8) which is adapted to generate at least in the region of the threaded portion (B) adjacent end face of the base body (2) a magnetic field ,
    [8]
    8. tool (1a..1e) according to claim 7, characterized in that the magnet (8) is designed as a permanent magnet.
    [9]
    9. tool (1a..1e) according to claim 7, characterized in that the magnet (8) is designed as an electromagnet.
    [10]
    10. Tool (1a..1e) according to claim 7, characterized in that the magnet (8) is designed as a combination of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet.
    [11]
    11. Tool (1a..1e) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the base body (2) consists of soft magnetic material.
    [12]
    12. Tool (1a..1e) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by a in the region of the threaded portion (B) acting suction device (15).
    [13]
    13. Tool (1a..1e) according to claim 12, characterized in that the suction device (15) has an ejector with a compressed air connection and connected to the ejector suction line (16) is guided in the region of the threaded portion (B).
    [14]
    14. Tool (1a..1e) according to any one of claims 12 or 13, characterized by a in the region of a suction line (16) of the suction device (15) arranged sensor / metal detector (17).
    [15]
    15. Tool (1a..1e) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized by a on the base body (2) acting pneumatic cylinder.
    [16]
    16. Tool (1a..1e) according to claim 15, characterized by a displacement mechanism which is adapted to move the pneumatic cylinder in the longitudinal direction of the base body (2).
    [17]
    17. Tool (1a..1e) according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized by a feed device (14) for the supply of the threaded inserts (11).
    [18]
    18 jointed robot / industrial robot (18), characterized by a tool (1a..1e) according to one of claims 1 to 17.
    [19]
    19. A method for screwing a threaded insert (11) into a threaded bore (10) by means of a tool (1a..1e), which has a rod-like base body (2) with a shank (A) and an end-side threaded portion (B), characterized characterized in that the outer diameter (d) of the threaded portion (B) when attaching the threaded insert (11) on the tool (1a..1e) and / or when moving out the tool (1 a..1 e) from the in the threaded bore ( 10) turned threaded insert (11) is changed.
    [20]
    20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that the outer diameter (d) of the threaded portion (B) over the inner diameter of the threaded insert (11) is increased, and then the threaded insert (11) on the threaded portion (B) is turned on.
    [21]
    21. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that the threaded insert (11) on the threaded portion (B) is pushed and then the outer diameter (d) of the threaded portion (B) over the inner diameter of the threaded insert (11) is increased.
    [22]
    22. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that the outer diameter (d) of the threaded portion (B) after the insertion of the threaded insert (11) into the threaded bore (10) below the inner diameter of the threaded insert (11) is reduced and then the tool (1a..1e) is pulled out of the threaded insert (11).
    [23]
    23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that the threaded insert (11) has a driving pin and the tool (1a..1e) after reducing the outer diameter (d) of the threaded portion (B) is moved deeper into the threaded bore (10) and the drive pin is separated from the threaded insert (11).
    [24]
    24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that the separated entrainment pin is sucked out after removal from the threaded bore (10).
    [25]
    25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that the suction of the separated entrainment pin is monitored by means of a metal detector / sensor (17) which is arranged in the region of a suction line (16).
    [26]
    26. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 25, characterized in that at least during the separation of the driving pin and the withdrawal of the tool (1 a..1 e) from the threaded insert (11) at least in the region of the threaded portion (B) adjacent End face of the base body (2) a magnetic field is generated.
    [27]
    27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that for holding the driving pin, a unipolar magnetic field is applied to the electromagnet designed as a magnet (8) and to release the driving pin an alternating field to the magnet (8) is applied.
    [28]
    28. A method according to a combination of claim 24 or 25 with claim 26 or 27, characterized in that the magnetic field is switched off during the suction or an alternating field to the magnet (8) is applied.
    [29]
    29. The method according to any one of claims 26 to 28, characterized in that an existing stainless steel and / or austenitic steel threaded insert (11) is screwed into the threaded bore (10).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2017046213A1|2017-03-23|
    AT517753B1|2019-03-15|
    DE112016004182B4|2021-01-21|
    DE112016004182A5|2018-05-30|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50788/2015A|AT517753B1|2015-09-15|2015-09-15|Tool and method for mounting threaded inserts|ATA50788/2015A| AT517753B1|2015-09-15|2015-09-15|Tool and method for mounting threaded inserts|
    DE112016004182.9T| DE112016004182B4|2015-09-15|2016-09-15|Procedure for assembling threaded inserts|
    PCT/EP2016/071778| WO2017046213A1|2015-09-15|2016-09-15|Tool and method for mounting threaded inserts|
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