• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a length adjustable connecting rod (1) for a reciprocating engine, in particular for an internal combustion engine, with a first rod part (2) and a second rod part (4), which two rod parts (2, 4) relative to each other via a helical gear (6) in Direction of the longitudinal axis (1a) of the connecting rod (1) are displaceable, wherein at least two mutually facing contact surfaces (51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56) of a length adjustment relative to each other moving parts of the connecting rod (1) are designed to be slidable , In order to enable in the simplest possible way a rapid and low-wear change of the compression ratio in a reciprocating engine is provided that at least one of the two contact surfaces (51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56) has a friction-reducing coating, wherein the helical gear (6) via at least one hydraulic actuator (11) is operable, wherein the hydraulic actuator (11) in the connecting rod (1) is arranged.
    公开号:AT517680A1
    申请号:T50931/2015
    申请日:2015-11-03
    公开日:2017-03-15
    发明作者:Andreas Huemer Hubert；Dipl Ing Haslinger Reinhold
    申请人:Avl List Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a length-adjustable connecting rod for a reciprocating engine, in particular for an internal combustion engine, with at least a first rod part and a second rod part, which two rod parts relative to each other via a helical gear in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the connecting rod are displaceable, wherein at least two facing contact surfaces of at a length adjustment relative to each other moving parts of the connecting rod are formed slidably on each other.
    From the documents WO 06/115898 Al, US Pat. No. 5,406,911 A, GB 441 666 A it is known to adjust the length of connecting rods mechanically by means of a helical gear. In each case, the piston is rotated via its toothed piston skirt or via a thread in the region of the piston skirt.
    Furthermore, it is known from DE 42 26 361 Al an internal combustion engine with adjustable compression, in which the end position of the piston is variable. The change of the piston is achieved by an adjustable crankshaft bearing or by an adjustable Hubzapfenlager, wherein the adjustment is effected by an eccentric having at least one radially projecting piston which is hydraulically displaceable in a radial extension of the eccentric disc bearing.
    Known length-adjustable connecting rods, in which the length adjustment is effected by a helical gear, have the disadvantage that a relatively large design effort for the operation is required. Due to friction and due to the high forces that occur, the parts of the helical gear are subjected to high wear.
    The object of the invention is to allow the simplest possible way a rapid and low-wear change the compression ratio in a reciprocating engine.
    According to the invention, this is achieved in that at least one of the two contact surfaces has a friction-reducing coating.
    The friction-reducing coating makes it possible to ensure the desired displacement of the connecting rod in a sufficiently short time. Due to the friction-reducing coating beyond the wear of friction partners in the helical gear of the connecting rod can be significantly reduced.
    In this context, a helical gear is understood to mean a gear which changes a movement of a displaceable component along a lifting axis into a rotary movement of a rotatable component about an axis of rotation or a rotational movement of a rotatable component into a translatory movement of a rotatable component is, with each other corresponding effective surfaces of the two coaxial components slide along each other. The active surfaces are removed from the common rotation or lifting axis, on the one hand in the region of the outer circumference of one - for example displaceable - component, and on the other hand in the region of the inner circumference of the other - for example rotatable - component arranged. The corresponding active surfaces have a defined pitch and can be formed by single or multi-start thread or by helical toothing of the components. Thus, it is provided in the context of the present invention that the threaded spindle has an external thread or an external helical toothing and the corresponding spindle nut has an internal thread or an internal helical toothing. Other embodiments, for example with ball screw, are possible.
    The terms thread, threaded spindle and spindle nut used here are thus by no means limitative to helical thread forms, but of course include embodiments in which the thread forms are formed by helical gears.
    In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the helical gear, which at least two mutually over facing contact surfaces engaged, relatively rotatable gear parts, wherein a first gear part, a first contact surface and a second gear part is assigned a second contact surface. One of the two gear parts is designed as a spindle nut and the other gear part as a threaded spindle. A rapid and low-wear adjustment of the compression ratio can be realized according to the present invention, when the first and / or second contact surface has a friction-reducing coating.
    The helical gear preferably has at least two mutually over facing contact surfaces engaged, relatively rotatable gear parts, wherein at least one of the two gear parts via a third contact surface is slidably mounted on a fixedly connected to one of the two rod parts or connectable fourth contact surface. Conveniently, one of the two gear parts is designed as a spindle nut and the other gear part as a gear spindle. According to the invention, the third and / or fourth contact surface has a friction-reducing coating. Thus, the friction and wear between the third and fourth contact surfaces can be substantially reduced, whereby the response and the life of the connecting rod can be significantly increased.
    It is particularly advantageous if at least one friction-reducing coating is formed by a physical vapor deposition layer.
    Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that at least one friction-reducing coating is formed by an amorphous carbon layer.
    Furthermore, in the context of the invention it may be provided instead or additionally that at least one friction-reducing coating is formed by a nitrated or phosphated surface layer.
    To ensure the desired adjustment in a sufficiently short time, it may be crucial to keep the coefficient of friction of the two friction partners - for example, the spindle nut and threaded spindle - and also the axial bearing surfaces of the spindle nut at the lowest possible level.
    For this purpose, the contact surfaces of the friction partners with a PVD (physical vapor deposition) coating, a DLC (diamond like carbon) coating and / or. a correspondingly nitrated and / or phosphated surface produced. This has in addition to the friction-reducing effect also anti-wear effect.
    Due to the friction-reducing coating or surface treatment, smaller thread pitches can be realized with the same adjustment path per pulse.
    The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a non-limiting exemplary embodiments, which is illustrated in the figures.
    Show it
    1 shows a connecting rod according to the invention in a section along the line I - I in Fig. 2,
    2 shows this connecting rod in a section along the line II - II in Fig. 1,
    Fig. 3 shows a detail of the connecting rod shown in Fig. 4 and
    4 shows an actuator of this connecting rod in a section along the line IV - IV in Fig. 3rd
    1 to 3 each show a length-adjustable connecting rod 1 for a reciprocating engine, for example an internal combustion engine, in an exemplary embodiment. In this case, the connecting rod 1 is shown in Fig. 4 in the left half of the picture with a minimum length and in the right half of the picture with maximum length.
    The connecting rod 1 has a first rod portion 2 in the region of a large connecting rod 3 and a second rod portion 4 in the region of a small connecting rod 5, wherein the large connecting rod 3, a crank pin bearing for connection to a crankshaft not shown and the small connecting rod 5 a piston pin bearing for Forming connection with a piston, not shown. The two rod parts 2, 4 can be moved via a helical gear 6 relative to each other in the direction of the longitudinal axis la of the connecting rod 1. The helical gear 6 has a first gear part 7 and a second gear part 8 engaged with the first gear part 7, wherein one of the two gear parts 7, 8 is designed as a spindle nut 9 and the other gear part 8, 7 as a gear spindle 10. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the first gear part 7 is formed as a sleeve-like spindle nut 9 and the second gear part 8 as a gear spindle 10.
    For actuating the helical gear 6, a hydraulic actuator 11 is arranged in the connecting rod 1. The actuator 11 has at least one actuator stage 12; 12a, 12b. An inner rotary slide part 14a, 14b is arranged in an outer rotary slide part 15a, 15b. One of the two rotary slide parts 14a, 15a; 14b, 15b is relative to the other rotary slide member 15a, 14a; 15b, 14b rotatably formed about an axis of rotation 13 and rotatably connected to the first gear part 7 or the second gear part 8. The axis of rotation 13 is formed, for example, coaxially to the longitudinal axis la of the connecting rod. The relative rotational movement between the inner and outer rotary slide members 14a, 15a; 14b, 15b is limited by radial rotary pistons 16, 17, wherein each rotary piston 16, 17 has two pressure sides facing away from each other. Each pressure side is adjacent to one of the inner and outer rotary slide members 14a, 15a; 14b, 15b spanned working space 18b, 19b. The working spaces 18b, 19b of each actuator stage 12a, 12b are connected via control channels 20a, 20b with control openings 21; 21a, 21b of a first rod part 2 arranged in the slide valve 22a, 22b in connection, each having a in a control cylinder 23a, 23b - for example, normal to the longitudinal axis la of the connecting rod 1 - slidably mounted control piston 24a, 24b, which the control openings 21a, 21b - or heading. Each control piston 24a, 24b can be deflected by the oil pressure present in the respective control chamber 25 against the force of a restoring spring 26.
    The first gear part 7 and second gear part 8 is rotatably mounted and immovably in the direction of the longitudinal axis la of the connecting rod 1 in the first rod part 2 and second rod part 4. The second transmission part 8 or first transmission part 7 is firmly connected to the second rod part 4 and the first rod part 2. Simultaneously with the inner or outer rotary valve 14, 15, the first and second transmission part 7, 8 is rotated relative to the other second or first transmission part 8, 7. Due to the interlocking screw thread of the spindle nut 9 and the threaded spindle 10, the rotational movement of the first and second gear part 7, 8 leads to a lifting movement of the respective other gear part 8, 7 together with the second rod part 4 and first rod part 2 of the connecting rod 1 and thus a length adjustment of the connecting rod 1. A rotation of the second gear part 8 is prevented by a rotation locking device 27. The anti-rotation device 27 can also limit the stroke movement of the rod parts 2, 4 relative to each other. The anti-rotation device 27 may be formed, for example, by a bolt 27a fixedly arranged in the first rod part 2 normal to the longitudinal axis la, which engages in a longitudinal groove 27b of the second rod part 4.
    1, 2 and 3, a connecting rod 1 according to the invention is shown, in which the actuator 11 has two superimposed in the connecting rod 1 actuator 12a, 12b, each actuator stage 12a, 12b an inner rotary slide member 14a, 14b and an outer rotary slide member 15a, 15b. The first inner rotary slide part 14a of the first actuator stage 12a (lower in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4) is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the first rod part 2. The first outer rotary slide part 15a of the first actuator stage 12a is rotatably mounted about the rotation axis 13 relative to the first inner rotary slide part 14a of the first actuator stage 12a and non-rotatably connected to the second inner rotary slide part 14b of the second actuator stage 12b (in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3) connected. The second outer rotary slide part 15b of the second actuator stage 12b is arranged rotatably about the rotational axis 13 relative to the second inner housing part 14b of the second actuator stage 12b and firmly connected to the sleeve-like first gear part 7. The first gear part 7 is rotatably and stably mounted in the first rod part 2 and forms a spindle nut 9, which engages in a gear spindle 10. The gear spindle 10 is formed by the fixedly connected to the second rod part 4 - or formed by this - the second gear part 8 of the helical gear 6.
    The first actuator stage 12a is fastened to the first rod part 2 via a spacer sleeve 33 by means of a fastening screw 29. The first gear part 7 is inserted together with the second rod part 4 in the guide cylinder 2a of the first rod part 2 from above and rotatably supported. With a hollow screw 30 is a backup in the axial direction, wherein between the hollow screw 30 and the first gear part 7, a spacer sleeve 31 may be provided. With the anti-rotation device 27, the rotational position of the second rod part 4 is fixed relative to the first rod part 2. In the illustrated embodiment, the second gear part 8 formed by a gear spindle 10 is formed integrally with the second rod part 4.
    In FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, only two actuator stages 12a, 12b are shown. It goes without saying that more than two actuator stages can be connected in series.
    Embodiment variants with two or more actuator stages 12a, 12b have the advantage that overall larger Verstellwinkelbereiche the actuators 11, larger
    Stroke paths and thus greater changes in length of the connecting rod 1 can be realized, since the Verstellwinkelbereiche the individual actuator 12a, 12b add.
    FIG. 4 shows a second actuator stage 12b with an inner rotary slide part 14b and an outer rotary slide part 15b of the connecting rod 1 shown in FIG. 3, wherein both the inner rotary slide part 14b and the second outer rotary slide part 15b are each two diametrically opposed to the rotation axis 13 arranged rotary pistons 16, 17 have. There are shown two Verdrehendstellungen egg, E2 of the second inner rotary valve part 14b relative to the second outer rotary valve part 15b. With this arrangement, for example, an adjustment angle α of about 125 ° per actuator 12a, 12b realize.
    In accordance with the invention, contact surfaces of moving parts of the connecting rod which slide relative to each other during a length adjustment are provided with a friction and wear-reducing coating. Thus, a first contact surface 51 and a second contact surface 52 between the first gear part 7 and the second gear part 8 each have a friction-reducing coating, wherein the first contact surface 51 in the embodiment through the threaded surface of the spindle nut 9 and the second contact surface 52 through the threaded surface of the gear spindle 10 is formed.
    The spindle nut 9 formed in the illustrated embodiment by the first gear part 7 has at its two end faces 9a, 9b third contact surfaces 53, 54, which are guided on corresponding fourth contact surfaces 55, 56 slidably. The fourth contact surfaces 55, 56 form axial thrust bearing for the spindle nut 9. The fourth contact surface 55 corresponding to the third contact surface 53 of the first end face 9a - lower in FIG. 3 - is formed in the present case by the rotary slide part 15b of the actuator 11. The corresponding with the third contact surface 54 of the second end face 9b - in Fig. 3 upper - fourth contact surface 56 is formed in the present case by the spacer sleeve 31, which is fixedly connected to the first rod part 2.
    The wear-reducing layer of the contact surfaces 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56 may each be constituted by a physical vapor deposition (PVD) layer, an amorphous carbon layer (DLC), or a nitrided or Dhos-dyed surface layer ,
    Due to the friction-reducing coating or the surface treatment, smaller thread pitches can be realized with the same adjustment path per pulse. At the same time a long, low-wear use with consistent results is possible.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. Length-adjustable connecting rod (1) for a reciprocating engine, in particular for an internal combustion engine, with at least a first rod part (2) and a second rod part (4), which two rod parts (2, 4) relative to each other helical gear (6) in the direction of Longitudinal axis (la) of the connecting rod (1) are displaceable, wherein at least two mutually facing contact surfaces (51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56) of a length adjustment relative to each other moving parts of the connecting rod (1) are formed slidably, characterized characterized in that at least one of the two contact surfaces (51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56) has a friction-reducing coating.
    [2]
    Second connecting rod (1) according to claim 1, wherein the helical gear (6) at least two mutually superposed contact surfaces (51, 52) in engagement, relatively rotatable gear parts (7, 8), wherein a first gear part (7) a first contact surface (51) and a second transmission part (8) is associated with a second contact surface (52), and wherein one of the transmission parts (7) as a spindle nut (9) and the other transmission part (8) is designed as a threaded spindle (10) in that the first contact surface (51) and / or second contact surface (52) has a friction-reducing coating.
    [3]
    3. connecting rod (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the helical gear (6) at least two mutually over facing contact surfaces (53, 54, 55, 56) in engagement, relatively rotatable gear parts (7, 8), wherein at least one of the two transmission parts (7, 8) via at least one third contact surface (53, 55) slidably mounted on at least one rotatably connected to one of the two rod parts or non-rotatably connectable fourth contact surface (54, 56) is mounted, characterized in that at least one third contact surface (53, 55) and / or fourth contact surface (55, 56) has a friction-reducing coating.
    [4]
    4. connecting rod (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that one of the two gear parts (7; 8) as a spindle nut (9) and the other gear part (8; 7) as a gear spindle (10) is formed.
    [5]
    5. connecting rod (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one Reibmindernde coating is formed by a physical vapor deposition layer.
    [6]
    6. connecting rod (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one Reibmindernde coating is formed by an amorphous carbon layer.
    [7]
    7. connecting rod (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one Reibmindernde coating is formed by a nitrated or phosphated surface layer. 2015 11 03 Fu
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US1784192A|1929-08-09|1930-12-09|Arthur D Macfarlane|Engine construction|
    JPH03234957A|1990-02-13|1991-10-18|Copal Co Ltd|Screw shaft|
    US5406911A|1993-08-12|1995-04-18|Hefley; Carl D.|Cam-on-crankshaft operated variable displacement engine|
    DE102005055868A1|2005-11-23|2007-06-06|Minebea Co., Ltd.|Threaded drive for linear servo motor of motor vehicle, has threaded nut with metal disk and pull rod that is engaged with nut, where rotatable movement of nut is transformed into linear movement of pull rod|
    JP2007247534A|2006-03-16|2007-09-27|Nissan Motor Co Ltd|Variable compression ratio mechanism of internal combustion engine|
    DE102011050448A1|2011-05-18|2012-11-22|Zf Lenksysteme Gmbh|Ball Screw, particularly for steering of motor vehicle, has ball screw spindle, ball screw nut, bearing for ball screw spindle and bearing for ball screw nut|
    AT15426U1|2015-08-10|2017-08-15|Avl List Gmbh|Reciprocating engine, in particular internal combustion engine|
    EP3390794B1|2015-12-14|2019-06-26|AVL List GmbH|Length-adjustable connecting rod with electromagnetically-actuatable switching valve|
    AT519011B1|2016-05-31|2018-03-15|Avl List Gmbh|reciprocating engine|
    DE102016008306A1|2016-07-06|2018-01-11|Avl List Gmbh|Connecting rod with adjustable connecting rod length|
    AT519360B1|2017-02-24|2018-06-15|Avl List Gmbh|Method for operating a reciprocating piston engine with at least one hydraulically length-adjustable connecting rod|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50720/2015A|AT517112B1|2015-08-14|2015-08-14|LENGTH-ADJUSTABLE CONNECTING ROD|DE102016215282.3A| DE102016215282A1|2015-08-14|2016-08-16|Length adjustable connecting rod|
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